frugall life free from excesse of meate and drinke and such other things as have so much abridged the life of man in divers parts of the world so must wee suppose of our times And that there have beene in severall ages and times such long lived people in the world may appeare to those that will search into antient writers and thus wee read of some that lived 200 some 300 yeeres and the above-mentioned Writer relateth the long life of Iohannes de Temporibus or Iohn of Times and divers others and late Writers tell us stories of the long lives of the people in Florida where it is reported that some there exceede the number of 300 yeeres and that generally they live there very long as living after that frugall manner as did our fore-fathers of old Besides a late Writer allegeth Herodote speaking of a people in Africa called Macrobii living ordinarily 120 yeeres which is much if we consider the bad aire generally in most places of that vast part of the world and it is not unknowne that in these our Northerne cold climates many people live to a great age some comming to 100 some more yea some to 140. There are some of my acquaintance yet alive who have told me they have knowne an instance of this last period in each of these two severall kingdomes of great Britaine To atteine to 100 is no wonder having my selfe knowne some of both sexes If I might dwell upon this point I could produce many proofes to confirme this truth but this I thinke may suffice and such as are desirous to receive further satisfaction may have recourse to this late Author of whom before The like objection is likewise made concerning the stature of men which heretofore as seemeth hath bin very great and have we not even in our daies seene some of a stupendious great stature And if it shall be again replied that such be not ordinary I answer that such great statures were not ordinary and therefore in holy writ we have such men singled out and as it were pointed out by the finger I doe not deny that both among our selves and divers other nations it may be in former times men have beene both of stronger and health fuller constitution of body and of taller stature but this alteration proceedeth not from any sensible decay in nature but by reason of our disorderly diet luxurious lives nice and effeminate education so farre degenerating from our antient predecessours who thorow their valour and martiall exploits were famous thorow the world and we now are become contemptible to such as before stood in awe of this Iland But that even at this day there are people of a very tall stature whoso hath travelled into Switzerland shall perceive by oculare inspection where the people are ordinarily of a very tall stature especially those of Zurich and a late learned Writer maketh mention of the bones of a Giant digg'd out of the ground about Lucerne of Switzerland which being orderly set together that sceleton was 19 foot long and 21 of measure by my feet as it was drawne in the picture by him in his study whereby I measured it during my abode at Basil for the finishing of my physicall studies Now before I proceed I must speake a word or two concerning an assertion affirmed by some concerning the abbreviation of mans life to wit that After the flood the whole frame of the earth was so altered and as it were poisoned that people could not live so long after as before To this I answer that if we compare lives with lives wee shall finde this false and beside that this same abbreviation of mens lives was begunne before the flood and that some lived as long after the flood as did before at least within a little still comparing the declining of the age of man before the flood with that which succeeded after We see Methusalem lived 969 yeeres and his sonne Lamech came almost 200 short of his age againe Noah his sonne exceeded his fathers age almost 200 yeeres and his sonne Sem lived compleat 600 yeeres and 500 of this after the flood and so comparing one with another we shall find that comparing this begunne abbreviation Sem lived as long after the flood as Lamech did before although this abbreviation did not hold alwaies alike For Methusalem we see lived longer than any either before or after him God in this manifesting his mighty and omnipotent power lest wee should ascribe too much to the order of inferiour causes But lest I heare ne sutor ultra crepidam I leave this theme to the Divine Howsoever the daies of man were much abridged in the daies of Abraham Isaac and Iacob but especially in that age wherein Moses lived and therefore we easily perceive this point to be cleare that the time of mans age hath not sensibly declined since that time It may be also some would aske what sexe is of longest life I answer that the male by reason of his superaboundant heat and good temperature of body howsoever this must still be understood with that parity we have heretofore mentioned for no question some women are farre longer lived than some men a temperate woman and of indifferent constitution of body therefore may by many yeeres out-live a debauched swaggering luxurious good fellow And the severall complexions are not here to be past over the sanguine of all others being of longest endurance and next to it the cholerick the phlegmaticke succeed and the melancholy are ordinarily shortest lived The climat wherein one liveth maketh also much for the long life of man and therefore we see that in our Northern countries oftentimes people live long and in one and the same country the native inhabitants thrive better and live longer many times than strangers as may appeare by the inhabitants of S. Helena where the naturall Negroes lived ordinarily 110 yeeres although the aire of it selfe be very unwholesome to our Europeans insomuch that few of them there exceed 50 yeers And there are yet divers other things which may lengthen or abbreviate the life of man as the particular influence of the superior powers and to us unknowne c. But above all there is a supreme over-ruling power in our great and omnipotent Maker to lengthen and shorten the life of man at his good will and pleasure It is naturally in-bred in all men to desire length of daies and without doubt it is in it selfe no small blessing as being a reward of keeping Gods commandements let those therefore who would comfortably partake of so great a blessing follow the direction of the Spirit of God uttered by the mouth of the Wiseman My sonne forget not my law but let thine heart keepe my commandements for length of daies and long life and peace shall they adde to thee And again The feare of the Lord is the beginning of wisedome and the knowledge
ΚΛΙÎΙΚΗ OR THE DIET OF THE DISEASED Divided into Three BOOKES Wherein is set downe at length the whole matter and nature of Diet for those in health but especially for the sicke the Aire and other Elements Meat and Drinke with divers other things various controversies concerning this Subject are discussed Besides many pleasant practicall and historicall relations both of the Authours owne and other mens c. as by the Argument of each Booke the Contents of the Chapters and a large Table may easily appeare Colellected as well out of the Writings of ancient Philosophers Greeke Latine and Arabian and other moderne Writers as out of divers other Authours Newly published by IAMES HART Doctor in Physicke LONDON Printed by IOHN BEALE for ROBERT ALLOT and are to be sold at his shop at the signe of the blacke Beare in Pauls Church-yard 1633. TO THE RIGHT HONORABLE EDVVARD LORD MONTAGVE BARON OF BOVGHTON ALL HEALTH AND HAPPINESSE RIGHT HONORABLE IT said of Diogenes that Cynicke Philosopher that being well stricken in yeeres hee should now betake himselfe to his rest and ease hee replied that it did not become one that was running a race to intermit or slacke his pace the neerer especially he drew to the end thereof The like may I in some sort say of my selfe who have for these many yeeres past not hid my talent in a napkin keeping within mine owne breast that knowledge I had both in the Vniversity and by many yeeres experience acquired in the profession of Physicke but have not onely by my practicall imployment endevoured to bee profitable to this present age and place wherein I live but also to propagate some directions to posterity for leading a more comfortable life both in sickenesse and in health Of late yeeres therefore as my other occasions did permit I set upon this taske which I now present unto the view of the world But because whosoever in this last and literate age of the world steppeth forth upon this publicke stage exposeth himselfe to the sharpe censures of as many different humours as were that Lyricke Poets guests it hath beene therefore a common custome for such as undertake such taskes to make choice of some noble and vertuous Patron to protect them from the virulent and venomous tongues and obtrectations of envious and malevolent persons And therefore casting mine eyes about this hemispheare and thinking on many my thoughts could rest no where untill such time as I pitched upon your Honourable Person Motives to induce mee hereunto I found divers First your eminent place in the publike being installed in the state chaire of higher Honour above the ordinary Gentry And here have I a large field afforded mee to expatiate into to wit the honour of this noble family and in what esteene it hath beene during the reigne of Queene Elizabeth but especially during the reigne of King Iames of famous memory in what esteeme hee had it and to what eminencie hee hath advanced the same is yet recent in the mindes of most men now living and how his Majesty now reigning hath nothing diminished but rather increased these former favours and honours without my relation is well enough knowne both in court and countrie It were easie for mee also to discourse of the many honourable houses wherewith this noble family hath matched having been by marrriage allied to many great houses of this kingdome But because I know your Honour is not delighed with such panegyricks of your owne praises I will passe over these and many other things might be said besides that all these outward ornaments and prerogatives how great and glorious sover yet are nor permanent but perish and the wise-man who both by reason of the extent of his wisedome and understanding together with the abundance of wealth had atteined to as high a pitch of felicity as the earth could afford him yet makes this still the burthen of his song Vanity of vanities all is but vanity And this same wise man in this same palinody or recantation sermon as I may call it concludes with this sentence worthy to be ingraven in letters of gold To feare God and keepe his Commandements this is the whole duty of a mans life And therefore all these outward ornaments howsoever I deny not to be great blessings yet compared with true piety which was that which chiefely graced great ones recorded in holy writ they are nothing but the shell that being the kernell And this is that which hath so much adorned and beautified your Honour as likewise the love to your countrie which are so well knowne over the country that it need not to be proclaimed by my pen. And this seemeth as it were with your other large inheritances to be hereditarily derived from your noble parents both father and mother of happy memory whose worth and virtues especially true piety being especially now againe revived in your owne person are yet so fresh in the mindes of many yet alive that superfluous were it forme to spend time thereon Another motive moving me to make choice of your Honour was the love and favour I have ever found both from your selfe and whole family ever since my first comming into this countrie the which as it hath beene alwaies extended to scholers so to my selfe in particular having beene divers times imployed for the recoverie of the health of your Honours last noble Ladie of happy memorie mother to these hopefull Gentlemen your Sonnes and to that noble Gentlewoman Mistresse Manners in whom may yet conspicuously be seene those vertuous ornaments which did so much adorne that noble Ladie now resting in peace and happinesse Againe another motive inducing mee heereunto was that of late yeeres a worthy religious and learned Divine your neere neighbour had some few yeeres agoe dedicated unto your Honour a booke called Some generall directions for a comfortable walking with God I thought it would not be impertinent for a Physitian to follow with his directions how to order the bodie of man in sicknesse and in health and that by the use of good and laudable diet and all other things thereunto belonging and at great length in this booke to be seene And although the greatest part of your glasse be now runne yet may it prove profitable for younger people and in particular for these young Gentlemen in whom you are your selfe againe renewed but especially in that hopefull Gentleman your eldest Sonne who as hee beares the name of your selfe and immediate predecessour and is like to inherite large and ample possessions so is my hope and confidence that hee shall really inherite all those noble vertues Pietie especially whereof either your selfe or noble Predecessours were ever possessed This might yet againe prove no small motive and inducement for me to present these dieteticall Precepts unto your selfe in that you have by your owne practice and example lest such a worthy Paterne and precedent to posteritic of temperance and sobrietie not in diet onely but
besides the closenesse of the passage thorow which it is conveyed they alleadge another inconvenient that by this passage the water draweth ceruse from the lead and these drossie dregges thus drawne from this ceruse say they engender the bloody flixe I answere that daily experience evinceth this to bee most false and erroneous as may bee seene in the Citie of Paris where such water is in most common and frequent request And if they bee sometimes subject thereunto it is rather to bee imputed to the slimy river of Seine than to these leaden pipes as their owne Physitians confesse Againe in Montpeliers the water is brought into the Towne by meanes of such leaden pipes and yet are they no wayes obnoxious to this disease and this is likewise the case of many other cities of that great and populous kingdome of France who are notwithstanding as free as the former But that wee may come neerer home what shall wee say to the noble City of London whither that river of Ware is conveied and by these leaden pipes distributed thorow that great body and yet it is well knowne that this is not a disease that much troubleth ordinarily this great and populous City And this Towne of Northampton maketh likewise use of these leaden pipes and yet the inhabitants are but seldome troubled with this disease and no doubt many like instances may be produced to prove this truth Againe ceruse which Vitru vius and others so much feare cannot be extracted out of lead except it be first steeped in strong vineger If any can object any thing else against such water the fire will make amends River-water partaketh of the same nature with Spring-water from whence it hath its originall and beginning yet commeth short of the former in regard of the slime and filth they carry with them as also in regard of the diversity of the natures of the springs whereof they are composed and therefore Avicenne commendeth rather the water of small Brookes than of great Rivers as likewise the further they runne from their springs the better he liketh them by reason the further they runne the more subtile and thinner they are howbeit Averroes his country-man is of another mind by reason that the further it runneth the more filth and corruption it gaineth Such therefore as abound in mudde and slime are the worst to be liked Waters of Lakes being alwaies renewed by their springs and tossed to and fro with the wind are not to be rejected Well-water being often drawne standing in a free and open aire with a large mouth may also be of good use but that which is otherwise declineth from this bonitie and therefore pumpe-water is not so good as open Well-water is Standing pond-water of all other is the worst and very prejudiciall to health Salt-water is not of ordinary use either to drinke or dresse meat with and this shall now suffice to have said of Waters in generall as they are serviceable for the use of mankinde reserving a more particular discourse of water untill wee come to speake of drinke As for the other two necessary and usefull elements wee deferre speaking of them untill wee come to the diet of the diseased But before we proceed to speake of elements assumed within the body wee purpose to discusse two questions and first CHAP. VIIJ. Whether any pure Element be able to nourish a mixt body and whether any such compound bee able to live by the sole use of the same BVt before we enter upon the discussing of this question it shall not be amisse to know what Aliment or nourishment is It is by Galen defined to be whatsoever increaseth or multiplieth the substance of our body and conserveth the same Now the substance of our bodie as hath bin said is threefold solid humid and spirituous or airy from whence the differences of aliments are desumed The solid parts are repaired by food the humid by drinke and the airie or spirits by sweet and comfortable smells Now that any thing cary the name of aliment or nourishment it ought to be indued with these qualities following In the first place it ought to be of quality hot and moist that it may the better repaire the decay of our naturall innate heat It is againe requisite that it affect our taste with a good rellish for what pleaseth the palat in taste often nourisheth well Now that which doth most affect the taste and is agreeable to nature is in taste sweet I meane not in excesse as to feed on sugar and sweet meates continually which being much used are more hurtfull than helpefull to health but in a meane not declining to any other as sharpe sowre c. and so is most acceptable to nature all other being rather Physicall than Alimentall as I may say And howsoever meat may in the taste be somwhat salt bitter c yet in the concoction there is made a sequestration of these qualities from the substance of the food and that onely which is sweet remaineth for nourishment Hippocrates writeth that all manner of creatures are nourished onely with sweet things which Aristotle also repeateth Againe that which nourisheth ought to be mixed and compounded and therefore pure elements are here excluded according to that vulgar saying Ex quibus constamus jisdem nutrimur And lastly it is required that there be a power of giving life Potentia vitae animationis And such things onely nourish which once have lived saith Theophrastus And there is an easier passage and change of such things as have a communication or symbolize in symbol or quality And for this cause the juyce which commeth of living creatures is farre easilier changed into our substance than that which is desumed from plants Now to the question Although then it hath bin hitherto received for an uncontrolled truth that no simple Element can nourish a mixt body yet som things seem to crosse this opinion and there is a common proverbial verse tending to this purpose Quatnor ex c. Now to discusse the truth of this question we will briefly runne thorow the foure elements and first of the fire It is reported by antient Authors that a certaine worme or flie called therefore Pyrausta is both bred and liveth in the fire which is notwithstanding most absurd and false and as concerning the vulgar conceit of the Serpent Salamandra living in the fire and with his cold frozen venomous moisture extinguishing the firie flames it is as false as the former as witnesseth Dioscoride and the Salmandra continuing any space in the fire is notwithstanding consumed to dust and ashes Now come we to â—â—e aire the next element It is the opinion of some that such as live altogether without any solid substance of food may be fed with the aire Indeed if people were so contented corne would be the cheaper and people then would not be so destitute
and so the body might by this meanes be least indangered Sweet Grapes are somewhat hot in faculty and loosen the belly yet some more than other and the best Grape is that which bringeth forth the best wine That which is called the Muscadine Grape is sweet and pleasant to the palate They are much better when they are kept a great while after the gathering as in France they will keepe them untill the next Spring and so they lose all crudity and superfluous moisture The sowre Grapes are the worst to eate ingendring no good humours within the body and wrong concoction and alwaies the sowrer and harsh in taste the worse they are for ordinary eating howbeit made into verjuce as the French use greene unripe Grapes they may helpe a dull appetite and coole inward hot distempers Most of our Grapes here in England seldome atteine to perfect maturity and therefore doe for the most part offend the body especially phlegmaticke and cold complexions and stomacks But if they be boiled and sweetned with sugar and some cinnamon or the like added they will not be offensive They are to be eaten with an emptie stomacke Raisins which are nothing else but Grapes dried are farre better than any of the former yeelding a good and wholesome nourishment to the body especially those that come out of Spain sweet and fair pulpous which wee commonly call Raisins of the Sunne and are very good for the liver lungs and the infirmities of the same and of the brest wind-pipe and withall loosen the belly the stones taken out Other raisins that are neither so sweet nor fat great and pulpous how fâ—â—â—e soever they are inferiour to the other in taste c. so farre doe they also come short of them in their alimentall facultie and loosening the belly as being more astringent and lesse nourishing There is yet another small Raisin brought unto us here ready dried out of the Straits called Currants and is in very great request in all parts of this Kingdome They are of a temperate qualitie participating of some heat and are of good nourishment a good friend to the stomacke exciting appetite and nourish well especially the red But let a moderation as in all other things so especially in those sweet meats be used which by too much intising thy taste may make thee at length finde by experience that sweet meat hath sowre sauce I speake this the rather for that I finde a very great excesse in this kinde thorow this whole Kingdome The teeth as they make the first onset so are they often accordingly rewarded for their paines As other fruits so doe Figgs differ in their faculties according to their age New ripe Figs are not so hot as the dry barreled Figs they nourish well but withall ingender crude and flatuous humours in the bodie being therefore enemies to the wind-collicke and other flatulent diseases and the flesh they ingender is spongious foggie and not firme and solid but withall loosen the belly which maketh some part of amends But this fruit is not very frequent here in England it seldome comming to any maturity but drie barrelled Figs are with us here in frequent use They are to good purpose used in pectorall diseases being of an abstersive facultie they cleanse also by a diuretick vertue the passages of urine and by old Hippocrates are much commended for the infirmities of the womb where cleansing is required as hee witnesseth in many places of his workes they expell likewise serosities and superfluous humours from the inward parts to the circumference usefull therefore to expell poxe measells and such like venomous matter to the skinne And for this cause much used They are esteemed to further the itch and often lice also Let those that abound in choler be sparing in their use lest they finde in a short space those humours get the mastery over them They are farre better for the phlegmaticke and old age than for the younger sort and hot complections The fruit of the Palme-tree called Dates is sent us from Syria and Palestina which are the best this fruit especially the sweet fat Date nourisheth much and corroborateth and strengtheneth nature is of a hot and astringent faculty and is very good in all weaknesses and fluxes boiled in broths and liquid substances and are not to be eaten raw The greene ripe Dates are moister and colder and yet neither exceeding in heat it is good for the brest and no enemy to the stomacke and some say good to provoke urine But such as are subject to the headach or feare obstructious let them be sparing in the use thereof Having spoken of such fruits as are used before meales now proceed we to such are ordinarily used after beginning first with the apple Now of Apples there are as many sorts and as great variety as of any other fruit whatsoever their differences are divers both in regard of substaÌ„ce colour taste and duration As for substance some are of more firme and solid substance and some againe of a softer The firmer in substance are the best for use and will keepe longer as the Pippin Pearemaine Harvie-apple c. Againe they differ not a little in the taste some being sweet some sowre some mixt and partaking sometimes more of one than another some againe are insipid Their faculties are also answerable the sweete partake of some small heat the sowre are cold the mixt of mixt faculties more or lesse as they incline more to the one or the other The insipid are ful of a crude superfluous and unconcocted moisture and therefore worst for use being very windy and bad for such as are subject to wind the sweeter and firmer the substance is the more they nourish and are harder of digestion the middle taste betwixt sweet and sowre is the best and agreeth best with the stomacke as Russetings Queen-apples Pearemaine Pippins c. and these are also most cordiall and usefull in physick The sowre although they nourish lesse yet are they more proper for hot and cholericke bodies but worse for phlegmaticke and aged people It is also to be observed both in apples and other fruits that for the most part they are not so good eaten raw as otherwise But especially when they are new ripe or before worst of all Raw Apples before they be ripe if used are best quadled adding afterwards some rose-water and sugar which cooleth young hot and choleticke bodies but it commeth most commonly to passe that the contrary constitutions women I meane have often the better share But in truth if reason might beare rule their share should be least especially as they often use to adde creame to them Apples are best that are suffered to come to maturity naturally and not forced by art laying them in straw or hay to mellow which is no right and proper maturation They are
the description of this ointment and the manner of performing this cure It is ordinarily knowne by the name of Huguentum armarium in Latine and in Greeke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 but by Paracelsus and his disciples Vnguentum sympatheticum the sympathicke ointment Magneticum stellatum the magneticke and starry ointment from the supposed attractive power whereby it seemeth to draw down influence and efficacy from the starres It is likewise to be observed that this Author willeth us first before the anointing of the Weapon to stay the bleeding of the wound as also addeth this caution that the wound be every day bound up with a clean linnen-cloth first dipt in the patients urine Moreover the wounds thus to be cured must neither be in any principall member and neither nerve nor arterie must be cut This manner of cure howsoever used by Paracelsus and his disciples and some others who have beene by them caught yet hath it beene by others confuted and impugned some calling it impostorious and others worse This same last yeere there came forth a little Tractat disclaiming the use of this ointment and proving it altogether unlawfull But the same yeere there was by a learned Physitian of the Colledge of London published an other Tractat wherein he not onely labours to confute his adversaries arguments wherein I confesse hee satisfies me not whatsoever he doth others but with might and maine by a fresh supply of arguments and examples labours to uphold and mainteine the credit of the Weapon-salve In the first place then to divert our thoughts from any conceit of a cacomagicall cure so I cal it according to his owne mind or diabolicall cure the defendant so here I call the Doctor as the impugning Parson the plaintiffe takes great paines to prove and that by many places of Scripture that because God alone operateth all in all essentially therefore there is no devill nor evill spirit that can produce any good worke or doe any good his nature being destructive and altogether evill quite contrary to the manner of Gods spirits operation and therefore that he is altogether for hurting but never for healing of mankind As for Gods omnipotent power and goodnesse that hee is good yea goodnesse it selfe to prove the same were but to spend our time in vaine as likewise that the divell is the prince of darknesse aiming at the overthrow and utter ruine both of the soule and body of man cannot be denied And although his end be alwaies evill yet is his purpose not alwaies prosecuted after one and the same manne Can any deny this text that Satan oftentimes transformeth himselfe into an angell of light And what more contrary than light and darknesse Why doth he thus transforme himselfe Is it not because he cannot alwaies in his owne lively colours deceive every one and therefore when the Lions skinne will not serve the turne he puts on that of the Lamb. It will perhaps be objected that then his actions are still evill which is the point in hand I answere that howsoever indeed that be true yet it serveth our turne if these actions be apparently good which is that most men looke after Now that God oftentimes suffereth the devill and his instruments to doe some apparent good in healing some diseases c if any shall deny experience of all ages will evince the contrary And a late Writer as stoutly standing for this cure as our defendant yet cannot deny but that sometimes the devill may by repairing the radicall moisture in man and by a supply of benigne warme temperate moisture retardate and for a while stave off old age And what doth not this farre surpasse the curing of a greene wound And is not this accounted a reall good which so many men hunt after whatsoever the devills purpose bee Nay which is yet more did not God himselfe make the mouth of wicked Balaam a notorious wizard to blesse his owne people Israel and yet this same imp of Satan aimed onely at the destruction of this people as after appeared And it is not without great reason ordinarily averred that the white devill is alwaies the most dangerous Who likewise is so ignorant that knoweth not that there are such as they call good witches which doe more dangerously than any others often insnare the simpler sort In the time of the raigne of King Iames of famous memory in his kingdome of Scotland after his returne out of Denmarke and marriage with Queene Anne divers witches were questioned and at his owne desire convented before him who affirmed they were in the ship with him at his returne relating many particular passages which had then happened among all these was there one woman called Anna Sampson who was commonly for her ordinary practice in curing maladies called the good witch who did constantly averre that she never hurt any but helpt all she could Some few yeeres after that there was in that same kingdome a notorious wizard called Richard Grahame who as I was credibly informed came to a great noble man a pious Peere of that kingdome then lying and languishing on his death-bed promising to cure and recover him if he would follow his advice who like a truely noble man indeed utterly refused any succour from Satan if God would not by lawfull meanes affoord him health and deliverance and in this pious resolution resigned his soule into the hands of his Maker and Redeemer This same wizard was aftewards burnt at the Market-crosse of Edinburgh I will not avouch that this wizard could then have cured this noble man but this much to us it evinceth that he practised upon others this trade of healing And who hath not heard that in our forefathers dayes in the time of Cimmerian darknesse when this Prince of the world domineered with lesse controll there were certaine spirits then usually frequenting many houses performing in the night-time many workes the servants were with great toile to have done in the day-time as threshing in the barne dressing up the houses c. And these were here called by the name of Hob Thrush and in the northermost part of this Iland Brownie and beyond the seas other answerable names The white Divells the Faries or rather as they say they were ordinarily to be seene the green Divells were wont to pinch the maids in the night time if all were not cleane in the house And thus those divells were seldome observed to doe any apparent harme either to mans body or goods and yet still the same Divell and no question this was notwithstanding a farre more efficacious meanes to delude the simpler sort and to lead them hood-wink'd into hell than when hee appeared in his more lively colours If God either for the punishment of his creature or for other ends best knowne to his secret wisedome shall feale Satan a commission against his creature what matter is it whether hee delude as an
Cursed be hee that doth the worke of the Lord negligently saith the Prophet Ieremy And the Apostle Paul willeth euery man to waite upon his owne office and not on another mans Ministers must wait on the Ministery c. Let euery man meddle with his busienesse with quietnesse But it may be some and that not without cause may demand of me whether one may not in some cases enioy two callings at once To this I cannot better answere than in the words of that worthy and reverend Divine Master Perkins in these words Men may not enter upon two distinct callings at once and that in three cases First if God have disjoyned these two callings by his Word and Commandement Secondly if the practice of the one hinder the practice of the other Thirdly if the combining of them together hinder the common good On these grounds our Savior Christ being the Doctor of the Church refused to be a iudge of inheritance betwixt the two brethren And hereupon the Apostles being to performe the duties of their owne callings refused to performe the office of Deacons Thus farre Perkins Now that preaching of the Word with the dependances of the same and the practicing of Physicke are in the Word of God distinct and severall callings may easily by that which hath beene said already appeare And in the second place that the practice of the one hindreth the performance of the other as it ought those that well weigh the weight of both callings their severall subjects large extents paines and labor to be imploied about either of them must needs confesse that whosoever will conscionably performe his ministeriall function as he ought and is fitting shall therein find imployment enough without medling with other matters neither ought that man to be trusted with the cure of the body who maketh so small account thereof that he maketh it not worth the busying of himselfe wholly about it Now in the third place that the exercising of both professions by one man is prejudiciall to the common good may also from hence appeare in that it confoundeth two so waighty distinct callings ingrossing both into one mans hand whereby he is hindred to performe the duties of either as he ought each of them sometimes demanding his personall presence at one and the sametime which without hurt to the publike and prejudice to many private persons cannot be omitted And againe in depriving him who is set apart for the profession of Physicke and whose proper calling it is of his due reward doe they not as much as in them lieth deprive the publike of so great a good And therefore this in famous bigamy cannot choose but be pernicious both to the soule and body The eminency of their place and calling as being set not under a bushell but on a candlesticke to give light to the whole house doth not a little aggrauate their offence as likewise that the injury is not done to a few but to a many Cry aloud spare not lift up thy voice like a trumpet and shew my people their transgressions saith the noble Prophet and the house of Iacob their sinnes And the Apostle Paul in his farewell Sermon to the Ephesians assembled at Miletus professeth that he was free from their blood And what was the reason For I have not shunned to declare unto you all the counsell of God If these men were as carefull and painefull in their callings as was this holy man they would not be so pragmaticall in other mens matters Is not such mens negligence a great meanes of nourishing Popery in dâ—â—â—ers parts of this kingdome And howsoever our Romanists call ignorance the mother of deuotion yet am I sure it is the cause of damnation They know indeed the ignorant is apt to receive any stampe or impression and by consequence most pliable to their superstitions whereby the ignorant are most easily insnared whereas knowledge would discover their vanities But let us now see whether the canon-law will not allow and countenance such lawlesse intrusion upon other professions So farre is it from giving way to any such disorder that it will not so much as give leave to the Clergie to go and heare the lectures either of law or physicke This is yet made more manifest by the punishment inflicted upon such offenders to wit that if they should stay out of their cloisters but for the space of two moneths upon the foresaid occasion they should be then shunned of every one as excommunicated persons neither yet was their patronage or intercession in the behalfe of any to be heard and at their returne againe into their cloister they sould sit in the lowest roome whether in the quire in the chapter or elsewhere And except by speciall dispensation from the Sea-apostolike they shall be deprived of all hope of future preferment It is yet worth the observation that the Authour addeth in the same place That the Divell that old enemy of our salvation oftentimes transforming himselfe into an Angell of light under colour and pretence of helping the infirmities of their distressed brethren and of better performing their spirituall functions doth draw out of their cloisters certaine religious persons to read lectures of law and to administer physicall drugges to the diseased But lest such as are set apart for spirituall imploiment under colour of atteining unto knowledge should be intangled with worldly businesse We appoint and ordaine that it be not permitted to any after their entrance in religion and profession of the same in any religious place to goe abroad againe to heare physicke or law-lectures And yet further Parnormitan in his glosse holdeth that this extendeth to all the Clergie whatsoever and not to regular Monkes onely Let such persons therefore be ashamed to plead any more this thred-bare excuse of doing good to their neighbours The Canons commonly called of the Apostles command Church-men to wait on their Ecclesiasticall functions Gratian in his decrees allegeth the same Canon and bringeth in a number of other places both out of the Fathers and Councells where it may plainely appeare how farre these holy Fathers differed from the judgement and practice of these lawlesse covetous intruders of our times In that place it may plainly appeare that Clergie-men are to absteine from all manner of covetousnesse and distracting cares insomuch that hee would not have them in their owne persons so much as meddle with their owne domesticall affaires but addict themselves wholly to holy and religious duties The Popes Gelasius and Gregory Ieromie and Austine also are there produced to testifie the same truth The same Authour againe to make yet stronger his former assertion addeth the testimony of S. Ambrose Hee that hath God for his portion saith hee ought to regard nothing but God lest he be hindered by taking upon him the charge and care of another mans necessity for that which is bestowed on other
a caution in all our tame fowle that it were farre better to let them feed themselves with good graine then to cramme them with dough close cubd up as is the custome It is true that thus they prove often the fatter but too much fat makes them too fulsome and nothing so wholesome The Peacocke is of a very hard solid and firme flesh and hard of digestion being of a hot and drie substance ingendring grosse and melancholicke humours and therefore need a strong stomacke After they are killed they are best to hang some daies to make them the more tender The younger pullets are tenderer and easier for the stomacke to overcome Others againe esteeme this to be of as good a nourishment as a Turkie It was esteemed a dainty dish among the antient Romans as likewise of late yeeres as witnesse our Writers And Saint Austine saith hee had made triall of it that the flesh of it would not putrifie Pigeons are hot and nourish indifferent well especially fat young plump ones being blooded under the wing and stuffed with cooling herbs and sowre Goose-berries or Grapes It is a preposterous kind of cookerie which is most commonly used to bake Pigeons with so much pepper that it is sufficient to set on fire all the stomackes of those that eat them It is belike conceived that Pigeons are of themselves exceeding cold Boiled they are coolest and moistest and fittest for hot and cholericke constitutions and Sommer-time The Stocke-dove is a kinde of wilde dove or Pigeon greater in bodie than our ordinary doves called in French Pigeon Ramier from the branches of trees whereon they sit most commonly in great companies They are esteemed indifferent good nourishment howbeit somewhat hot and drie and therefore in France they often boile them which is the best way The younger are the best The Turtle is another wilde kinde but lesse than the tame or dove-coat Pigeon and being young and fat they yeeld good nourishment In France after they are caught they keepe them commonly up a pretty while in cages feeding them with millet seed by which meanes they become exceeding fat and good to eat The Goose is of no small account among our tame fowle howbeit it yeeldeth but a grosse nourishment and nothing so good as the former harder of concoction and ingendring more excrementitious humours The young Goose called a greene-Goose is farre better easier of digestion and ingendereth better nourishment howbeit not so good as others The wilde Goose is drier than the other breedeth not so excrementitious an aliment to the bodie yet nourisheth lesse is hard of digestion ingendreth melancholie as other the like doe There is yet a certaine sort of water-fowle called by the name of Goose howbeit not properly which for this cause notwithstanding we here mention and this is that Solan-Goose breeding in a little rockie Iland in Scotland called the Bast and in one of the North-west Ilands of the same Kingdome and no where else that I could heare This fowle or Goose is called Oysan du Bas by that famous Du Bartas and indeed it is lesser than our Goose rather of the bignesse of a good bigge Ducke and yet for some resemblance called by this name This fowle is of a fishie taste like unto the taste of Herring whereon especially it feedeth It is all fat scarce any leane to be seene in the whole carkase They are found ready in their nests round about this rocke the young I meane for the old ones are not eaten about the later end of Iuly or beginning of August They are eaten as we eat Oysters before they sit downe to table piping hot off the spit accompanied immediatly with a cup of good claret wine If they were not eaten thus hot none were ever able to eat them for their nourishment I cannot much commend it howsoever it be there for the raritie it seemeth in no small account esteeming it in steed of physick and indeed it ordinarily loosneth the belly thus eaten and that they shall injoy their health the better a long time after The nourishment can neither be great nor very good as is the nature of other water-fowle wherof hereafter but this pre-eminence it hath above others that it slippeth quickly thorow the guts and so offendeth the lesse Among wilde fowle the Pheasant without all controversie beareth away the bell and it is no doubt a very daintie dish They nourish very well and are wholesome for any age or complexion whatsoever they are much of the nature of our tame Pullaine howbeit nourish not altogether so much yet their nourishment is very good and easie of digestion and befit such stomacks as most ordinarily use them they are esteemed the more excellent by reason of their rarity Omne rarum carum It is a dish that doth adorne great mens tables if ordinary people can come by them I hope I shall not need to bid them use a moderation in the use of them The yong Partridge being fat is a very good and wholesome nourishment and of easie digestion wherefore it is good for dainty stomacks for weake and valetudinary people for it strengtheneth nature much the elder are drier and harder of digestion and therfore in bounty yeeld to the former Some notwithstanding in winter esteeme the elder better than the younger I meane if both were to be had It is true indeed that in Winter the stomacke by reason of the redoubling of naturall heat is farre better able to deale with them and digest them They are then to be hung up for two or three daies which is also in other wild fowle to be observed It is to be observed that generally all wilde fowle is drier than the tame and yeeldeth lesse nourishment yet most of them are easily digested Againe in some countries this drinesse is well corrected by preparation as in France where they lard them the which cookrie as I cannot but commend in wilde fowle providing the lard be good and sweet so I think it very superfluous and needlesse if not worse to our ordinary tame fowle as fat Capons and Geese yet are they there ordinarily in use Among wilde fowle the Quaile is one of the moistest and is fattest in Harvest and nourisheth much but is easily putrified in the stomack They need no addition of lard or butter but are rather to be baked with spices being much used they ingender Fevers Convulsions and the falling sickenesse But I hope the seldome using of them will make amends for all Their rarity makes them in greater request but were they as common as our Capons their credit would quickly be crackt That wilde fowle called in Latin Attagen and by some a Woodcock but falsely being bigger than a Perduch spotted on the backe like a Jugge but of of a browner colour and some call a Powt the flesh blacke without but white within is by some accounted of all
c. But that of barly for the sicke was alwaies in highest esteeme And this diversity ministred occasion to Aristotle to aske the question whether Ptisan made of wheat or barly were the best for the use of the sick And Ptisan made of wheat was for these reasons preferr'd before that made of barly first by reason that such as eat bread of wheat are cōmonly more vigorous and sound of body than those who use barlybread Againe say they barly is harder of concoction than wheat And thirdly barlybread was never in so high an esteem as that of wheat but alwaies esteemed of farre meaner account The answer is easy that the comparison here is not absolute but relative having relation to the sicke Indeed absolutely compared together wheat doth excell the other but in relation to the sicke barly is farre better especially in Fevers and pectorall diseases being more cooling and cleansing than the other which indeed is rather harder to be concocted and apter to ingender obstructions And for this cause Hippocrates useth this most commonly in restorative diet and that of barly in acute diseases The manner of preparation of this antient ptisan or creame of barly as we may call it was after this manner they tooke graines of barly full perfectly ripe neither too old nor too new this they steeped a little in water then beat it in a morter to cleanse away the chaffe and husks afterwards washed it and rubbed it with their hands and afterwards let it dry when they made use of it for this ptisan they tooke one part of barly thus prepared and twelve parts of faire water which they let boile at a soft fire while it swelled and was boiled to a thinne pap having lost all the windinesse and being so boiled they gave it their sicke Some added to this messe sweet new wine boiled which they called sapa and some a little hony wheat or flowre and sometimes a little oile vinegar or salt In many places of this kingdome there is commonly in use for this purpose a certaine kind of ready prepared barly to be sold in shops called French barly whereof both this cream of barly is commonly made and whereof wee make use in our broths also and barly-water This barly we use to boile and shift twice or thrice the waters untill it colour them no more and then boile it with a sufficient quantity of faire spring water the proportion of the antients may be observed and then straine it through a clean linnen cloth adding thereto a little sugar or sugar-candy and a little rose-water To correct the crudity especially in a weake stomacke and it bee often to bee used wee may boile with it some whole mace or else when it is strained we may adde thereunto a little small cinamon-water which will both correct the crudity and not overheat the body If some acid juice of lemmon or other shall be added thereunto if need so require thou mayest use thy discretion in acute and maligne Fevers especially but not in pectorall diseases In defect of cinamon-water a little powder of cinamon may be used In this decoction who listeth may also boile other cooling or pectorall herbs according to the nature of the disease and party diseased as violet leaves strawberry leaves succory endive agrimony or the like But beware the taste be not marred lest the patient reject all and boile no sorrell nor other acid or sharpe thing in it especially if it be to be kept for oftner than once or twice but the fresher it be the better it is This is very soveraine good in all Fevers and pectorall diseases especially for young people for hot and dry cholericke constitutions But I will advertise thee of one thing that whereas there is an opinion held among many that no barly but this they call French will serve the turne our owne barly may bee easily so prepared that it may very well serve our use And to this purpose it may either be beaten in a bagge as wheat is commonly ordered for frumenty or else which is the cheaper and lesse chargeable provide a deep stone or wodden trough wherein put a little quantity of rough barly with a little warme water and then with a beetle with a long head for the purpose beat it untill the husks come off afterwards winnow it still rubbing it with thy hands and then let it dry and when thou wilt use it wash it in warme water which thou maiest shift untill it looke cleane and white and colour the water no more And this may with a small labour and I am sure with lesse charges be made ready as often as need shall require And this may be used whensoever we need the use of barly either for this we have spoken already for broth barly water almond milke or any like use And thus they prepare it in the north parts of this kingdome in all the kingdome of Scotland and in Ireland also where they use much barly in their brothes and for other uses also and yet never make use of any but this And besides in Scotland of this graine there is made a dish which they there call orgemond and is made of barly thus prepared together with milke and hony and is answerable to our frumenty here but in my opinion farre wholesomer and this is a dish at most of the country merry meetings in no small esteeme there among them There was yet besides this they called a ptisan a barly-water in use among the antients wherof Hippocrates indeed maketh mention howbeit setteth not downe the manner of preparation no more then doth Galen explaining that place To the Arabians therefore for this barly-water are wee most beholden who used it much Oribasius maketh particular mention of the same where hee would not have the barly prepared as we have already set downe but onely a little bruised and twice washed in warme water and afterwards boiled in a gallon of water till it was burst ad crepaturam hordei This liquor being strained was reserved for the use of the sicke and was called barly-water Barly-water was in very great request among the Arabian Physitians both made of whole barly and of barly prepared and cleansed That of prepared barly was of two sorts as may bee collected out of Mesue first thus take of barly prepared and cleansed one pound boiling it in twenty times so much faire spring-water in an earthen glased pot untill the halfe or two parts of the water were wasted away this they called a physicall barly-water The other was thus made take of barly as before well prepared often washed in warme water one pound which they let boile a wame or two in twenty times as much faire spring-water and after this was cast away they added againe as much more water and let it boile untill the halfe of the water was wasted away and this they called
of vitriol It correcteth hot distempers quencheth thirst and is good against all inveterate obstructions and therefore usefull in all inveterate Quartane Fevers or others and in all sorts of Iaundise in the Dropsie and to open the splene provoketh also urine and the menstruous fluxe and helpeth melancholy Hypochondriacke These waters are exceeding dry in operation and therefore exceeding good against all diseases proceeding of moisture But yet it is to be observed that they fume up into the head and therefore not so fit for such as are obnoxious to the Epilepsie Apoplexie Vertigo or giddinesse of the head Now to come to our owne Iland besides our ordinary baths in Sommerset shire so famous and so much frequented whereof I have promised silence therere are yet many more in this our Iland of no small vertue and efficacie against many infirmities of the body of man And first I cannot but mention that water of S. Vincents rocke neere that famous and antient City of Bristoll which commeth now in request against the stone and this I need but only mention the which is to me altogether unknowne howbeit the former Author hath likewise past his censure concerning this Spring and the right use thereof and therefore unto his discourse I referre the reader howsoever it seemeth by his relation that it participateth chiefly of the nature of Sulphure and Nitre and is taken now orderly being potable and used for all manner of internall heats and inflammations There is a Well in Yorkeshire thought to participate somewhat of the nature of the Well of Spa taking its vertue and operation from yron and therefore is good against obstructions of the liver splene and mesaraicke veines and to cleanse and corroborate the urinary passages c. whereon I will not now dwell there being a little tractat of late yeeres published concerning the vertues and use of this water There is within 7 miles of this towne of Northampton and hard by the market towne of Wellenborogh a Well much of the same nature and efficacy participating of the nature of yron as by proofes may easily appeare and all the ground through which it runneth coloureth red This water although it can scarce be discerned from others in taste colour yet is it powerfull in opening obstructions of the liver splene and mesaraick veins to cleanse the the kidnies bladder and urinary passages and so good against the stone c. It was but within these few yeers brought in request by that famous Physitian Sr Theoder Mayrne Dr in physicke and Phsitian to the King Queenes Majesties and first renowned by some good successe the right honourable Lord of Pembrok then Lord Chamberlaine found thereby and since by our gracious Queens Majesty now living and divers others approved to be of good use and efficacy But when I shal be my selfe better satisfied certified concerning this businesse I shall be ready if God prolong my life to give more particular satisfaction to the publike But in the use of this and other such minerall waters especially such as are deprived of any acidity in the taste there is an especiall regard to be had to the strength of the stomack and accordingly to the strength of it to accommodat the quantity of water and alwaies to have a diligent care to correct the acidities of the same and either before or together with the use of this water to be carefull in the corroboration of the stomack I heard a story of a worthy Lady who by advice of some Physitians for some infirmities did drink for certaine days of Tunbridge water in Kent after the use whereof by means of an irrecoverable debility her stomacke had by the use of this water contracted it cost her at last no lesse than her life as for the nature and vertues of this water because I am not acquainted with it I will not meddle Some other waters in this Kingdome have for a while beene in great credit and estimation for many infirmities and their fame againe as quickly falne to the ground Some few yeeres agoe there was in great esteem and credit a Well in Mauborn hils in Worcestershire which the vulgar ut est natura hominis novitatis avida a new broome sweepes cleane for a while esteemed as some noble Panacaea or aurum potabile supposed good against all infirmities but in short space there was againe altum silentium and proved according to the proverbe but a nine daies wonder I doe not for this condemne this water the nature and vertues whereof are to me unknowne but I advise people to be wise and to be circumspect and with good and mature deliberation to admit of these minerall waters and then should we not have often times such sudden flashes of the fame of some waters which as quickly againe vanish into smoake and their credit is as soone crackt There hath beene likewise no small account made of New name Wells in Warwick-shire which of late yeeres have come in request for the stone and infirmities of the urinary passages c. The which as many others I beleeve doe most participate of this same yron whereof mention hath beene made already and therefore are good to be used against the same infirmities I have heard likewise by relation of a famous Well neer Aberdene in the North parts of Scotland called by the name of Spa and as they say effectuall against the same infirmities which the Well of Spa is said to cure Of this water a learned Physitian of that same Kingdome composed a learned tractat as I am credibly informed the which as yet I never saw There is within two miles of the Citie of Edenburgh in the same Kingdome a bituminous Well or Spring called the oily Well yeelding great store of this bituminous stuffe being very good against all manner of itches scabs and many other outward defaedations of the skinne c. This well was in time of Popery called Saint Catherines Well and so this Saint carried away the credit of any cure that was thereby performed as the like use they made of minerall waters not onely here but in many other places as is the use even at this day I make no question but in that same countrie especially in the most mountainous parts thereof where there is such store of yron and all manner of other ore there might be found as efficacious waters against any infirmities as any in remote regions The like may be said of divers places of this Kingdome especially in Wales Cornewall Devonshire and many places of the North countrie as in Yorkeshire and other shires lying further to the North. But concerning minerall waters and all manner of baths as well naturall as artificiall together with their uses for the present this shall suffice CHAP. XX. Of the excretion by urine the retention of urine together with the nature of diureticke remedies the