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his_o war_n and_o to_o he_o it_o be_v the_o tartar_n owe_v all_o their_o greatness_n and_o dominion_n for_o as_o he_o excel_v in_o counsel_n and_o prudence_n so_o also_o he_o be_v as_o eminent_a in_o fortitude_n and_o fidelity_n and_o withal_o by_o the_o strength_n and_o force_n of_o his_o reason_n and_o counsel_n do_v ravish_v the_o wise_a man_n among_o the_o chinese_n and_o his_o justice_n and_o humanity_n do_v whole_o enthrall_v and_o enchant_v the_o popularity_n to_o all_o which_o i_o add_v those_o fugitive_a magistrate_n who_o as_o i_o relate_v heretofore_o have_v flee_v too_o the_o tartar_n to_o avoid_v the_o emperor_n indignation_n do_v not_o a_o little_a promote_v their_o cause_n for_o these_o man_n sometime_o by_o word_n and_o example_n do_v seduce_v the_o heart_n of_o the_o subject_n and_o sometime_o suggest_v dangerous_a but_o political_a counsel_n to_o the_o tartar_n against_o their_o own_o country_n but_o by_o both_o these_o mean_n advance_v themselves_o to_o high_a and_o 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or_o nothing_o nankue_v xunchinias_n his_o son_n appear_v at_o nankue_v this_o legacy_n come_v to_o nothing_o whilst_o both_o party_n prepare_v to_o take_v the_o field_n appear_v at_o nankue_v a_o young_a man_n who_o give_v himself_o out_o to_o be_v the_o elder_a son_n to_o the_o late_a decease_a emperor_n zunchinius_n and_o he_o give_v no_o small_a evidence_n of_o this_o truth_n and_o claim_n nay_o he_o be_v acknowledge_v by_o many_o of_o the_o eunuch_n but_o the_o new_a elect_a emperor_n hunquangus_fw-la be_v strong_o touch_v by_o the_o ambition_n of_o reign_v will_v never_o acknowledge_v he_o nor_o admit_v he_o but_o command_v he_o to_o be_v imprison_v and_o kill_v as_o a_o impostor_n though_o many_o of_o the_o prefect_n enrage_v to_o hear_v of_o this_o order_n hinder_v the_o execution_n of_o the_o sentence_n china_n he_o cause_v trouble_n in_o china_n but_o by_o this_o accident_n thing_n grow_v into_o a_o sedition_n
king_n lovangus_n his_o heart_n not_o able_a to_o bear_v such_o a_o desolation_n of_o the_o city_n of_o his_o people_n and_o subject_n as_o he_o foresee_v subject_n king_n love_v as_o love_v to_o his_o subject_n give_v such_o a_o example_n of_o his_o humanity_n and_o piety_n as_o europe_n never_o see_v for_o he_o mount_v upon_o the_o city_n wall_n and_o call_v upon_o his_o knee_n to_o the_o tartarian_a captain_n he_o beg_v the_o life_n of_o his_o subject_n spare_v not_o i_o quoth_v he_o i_o will_v willing_o be_v my_o subject_n victim_n and_o have_v denounce_v this_o unto_o they_o he_o present_o go_v out_o to_o the_o tartar_n army_n where_o he_o be_v take_v this_o illustrious_a testimony_n of_o his_o love_n to_o his_o subject_n have_v not_o want_v a_o reward_n to_o crown_n so_o heroic_a a_o action_n if_o it_o meet_v with_o a_o generous_a soul_n like_o that_o of_o alexander_n or_o of_o caesar_n when_o they_o have_v the_o king_n prisoner_n they_o command_v the_o citizen_n to_o shut_v the_o gate_n and_o keep_v the_o wall_n lest_o either_o their_o own_o or_o the_o king_n soldier_n shall_v enter_v the_o city_n and_o present_o they_o fall_v upon_o the_o king_n man_n who_o they_o butcher_v in_o a_o most_o cruel_a man_n but_o yet_o the_o water_n destroy_v more_o than_o there_o sword_n or_o arrow_n for_o many_o cast_v themselves_o headlong_o into_o the_o great_a river_n of_o cianthang_n which_o be_v a_o liege_n brood_n and_o run_v near_o the_o city_n other_o leap_v and_o overcharge_v the_o boat_n in_o the_o river_n be_v present_o sink_v drown_v many_o of_o the_o king_n soldier_n drown_v oother_n fly_v away_o full_a of_o fear_n and_o confusion_n thrust_v one_o another_o at_o the_o river_n side_n into_o that_o unmerciful_a element_n and_o by_o all_o these_o many_o thousand_o perish_v the_o tartar_n want_v boat_n to_o pass_v this_o river_n have_v thus_o expel_v or_o kill_v the_o soldiery_n they_o return_v triumphant_a to_o the_o city_n take_v hangcheu_o be_v take_v where_o they_o use_v neither_o force_n nor_o violence_n by_o which_o mean_v this_o noble_a city_n be_v conserve_v who_o beauty_n greatness_n and_o riches_n i_o hope_v to_o describe_v elsewhere_o not_o by_o hear-say_n but_o by_o what_o i_o see_v the_o three_o year_n space_n i_o live_v in_o it_o and_o what_o i_o find_v when_o late_o i_o come_v from_o it_o into_o europe_n this_o city_n of_o hangcheu_fw-la have_v a_o artificial_a channel_n or_o dick_n to_o pass_v by_o water_n to_o the_o northern_a part_n of_o china_n this_o channel_n be_v only_o separate_v by_o the_o high_a part_n of_o the_o way_n like_o a_o cause_n way_n from_o the_o river_n which_o as_o i_o say_v run_v on_o the_o south_n part_n of_o the_o city_n the_o tartar_n therefore_o draw_v many_o boat_n out_o of_o this_o channel_n over_o the_o causeway_n into_o the_o river_n cienthang_fw-mi and_o with_o the_o help_n of_o these_o boat_n they_o pass_v the_o river_n without_o resistance_n and_o find_v the_o fair_a city_n in_o all_o china_n call_v xaok_v prone_a enough_o to_o submit_v to_o their_o victorious_a arms._n this_o city_n in_o bigness_n yield_v to_o many_o other_o but_o in_o cleanness_n and_o comeliness_n it_o surpass_v all_o it_o be_v so_o environ_v with_o sweet_a water_n as_o a_o man_n may_v contemplate_v its_o beauty_n by_o round_v it_o in_o a_o boat_n it_o have_v large_a and_o fair_a street_n pave_v on_o both_o side_n with_o white_a square_a stone_n and_o in_o the_o middle_n of_o they_o all_o run_v a_o navigable_a channel_n who_o side_n be_v garnish_v with_o the_o like_a ornament_n and_o of_o the_o same_o stone_n there_o be_v also_o build_v many_o fair_a bridge_n and_o triumphant_a arch_n the_o house_n also_o which_o i_o observe_v not_o where_o else_o in_o china_n be_v build_v of_o the_o same_o square_a stone_n so_o as_o in_o a_o word_n i_o see_v nothing_o neat_a in_o all_o china_n they_o take_v this_o town_n without_o any_o resistance_n and_o so_o they_o may_v have_v do_v all_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o southern_a town_n of_o this_o province_n of_o chekiang_n but_o when_o they_o command_v all_o by_o proclamation_n to_o cut_v off_o their_o hair_n than_o both_o soldier_n and_o citizen_n take_v up_o arm_n and_o fight_v more_o desperate_o for_o their_o hair_n of_o their_o head_n hair_n the_o chineses_n defend_v their_o hair_n than_o they_o do_v for_o king_n or_o kingdom_n and_o beat_v the_o tartar_n not_o only_o out_o of_o their_o city_n but_o repulse_v they_o to_o the_o river_n cienthang_fw-mi nay_o force_v they_o to_o pass_v the_o river_n kill_v very_o many_o of_o they_o in_o truth_n have_v they_o pass_v the_o river_n they_o may_v have_v recover_v the_o metropolis_n with_o the_o other_o town_n but_o they_o pursue_v their_o victory_n no_o further_o be_v sufficient_o content_v that_o they_o have_v preserve_v their_o hair_n resist_v they_o only_o on_o the_o south_n side_n of_o the_o shore_n and_o there_o fortify_v themselves_o by_o this_o mean_v the_o conquer_a arm_n of_o the_o tartar_n be_v repress_v for_o a_o whole_a year_n but_o the_o chinois_n that_o they_o may_v have_v a_o head_n choose_v lu._n regulus_n of_o the_o taimingian_n family_n for_o their_o emperor_n who_o will_v not_o accept_v thereof_o but_o will_v be_v only_o style_v the_o restorer_n of_o the_o empire_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n the_o tartar_n have_v send_v for_o new_a force_n out_o of_o peking_n with_o which_o they_o leave_v never_o a_o stone_n unturned_a that_o they_o may_v get_v over_o the_o river_n cienthang_fw-mi but_o all_o be_v in_o vain_a the_o droop_a affair_n therefore_o of_o the_o chinois_n have_v a_o breathe_n nay_o have_v gather_v together_o more_o force_n they_o promise_v hemselve_n great_a victory_n but_o a_o desire_n and_o emulation_n of_o rule_v frustrate_v all_o their_o hope_n for_o the_o commander_n and_o precedent_n which_o flee_v the_o province_n of_o chekian_n into_o the_o country_n of_o fokien_n carry_v with_o they_o one_o of_o taimingas_n family_n call_v thangus_fw-la and_o this_o man_n they_o choose_v king_n in_o the_o country_n of_o fokien_n which_o confine_n with_o chekiang_n this_o prince_n pretend_v that_o the_o k._n call_v lu._n shall_v yield_v up_o his_o right_n to_o he_o both_o because_o he_o have_v but_o a_o few_o city_n under_o he_o and_o also_o because_o he_o be_v further_o remove_v from_o the_o imperial_a race_n than_o he_o be_v but_o king_n lu._n pretend_v he_o be_v proclaim_v by_o the_o army_n before_o he_o and_o want_v not_o to_o set_v forth_o his_o victory_n over_o the_o tartar_n by_o which_o two_o contention_n the_o tartar_n come_v to_o the_o crown_n for_o these_o two_o royalet_n will_v never_o yield_v to_o one_o another_o nor_o so_o unite_v their_o army_n as_o joint_o to_o repress_v the_o tartar_n since_o therefore_o this_o petty_a king_n lu._n have_v only_o eight_o city_n under_o his_o command_n who_o contribution_n be_v not_o able_a to_o maintain_v the_o necessary_a pay_n of_o his_o army_n he_o never_o dare_v venture_v to_o pass_v over_o the_o river_n but_o endeavour_v only_o to_o defend_v himself_o but_o the_o tartar_n seek_v all_o mean_n possible_o to_o get_v over_o this_o river_n yet_o they_o dare_v not_o venture_v to_o pass_v in_o boat_n because_o king_n lu._n have_v many_o ship_n and_o good_a store_n of_o artillery_n which_o he_o have_v cause_v to_o come_v from_o sea_n but_o the_o tartar_n felicity_n and_o prosperous_a fortune_n overcome_v this_o difficulty_n for_o as_o it_o happen_v that_o year_n be_v dry_a than_o ordinary_a this_o river_n towards_o the_o south_n where_o it_o run_v betwixt_o high_a mountain_n which_o break_v the_o ebb_a and_o flow_v of_o the_o sea_n have_v lose_v much_o water_n and_o of_o depth_n and_o here_o the_o tartar_n horse_n find_v it_o passable_a and_o because_o the_o rudeness_n of_o those_o mountain_n xaok_v the_o tartar_n pass_v the_o river_n and_o recover_v the_o city_n xaok_v seem_v a_o sufficient_a guard_n to_o the_o country_n they_o find_v no_o soldier_n to_o resist_v but_o as_o soon_o as_o the_o clown_n espy_v twenty_o of_o their_o horse_n to_o have_v pass_v the_o river_n they_o present_o advertise_v the_o army_n and_o they_o all_o betake_v themselves_o to_o flight_n king_n lu._n himself_o leave_v the_o city_n xaok_v and_o not_o dare_v to_o trust_v himself_o to_o the_o continent_n he_o take_v ship_n and_o sail_v to_o the_o island_n call_v cheuxan_n which_o lie_v opposite_a to_o the_o city_n of_o nimpus_fw-la where_o he_o remain_v to_o this_o day_n safe_a and_o keep_v still_o his_o regal_a dignity_n which_o island_n be_v heretofore_o only_o a_o retreit_n for_o fisherman_n and_o some_o clown_n now_o be_v become_v a_o potent_a kingdom_n by_o reason_n that_o many_o fly_n from_o china_n to_o this_o king_n lu._n as_o to_o there_o sanctuary_n to_o conserve_v the_o liberty_n of_o their_o hair_n kingdom_n the_o island_n
farewell_n he_o entertain_v they_o noble_o with_o a_o royal_a feast_n and_o in_o as_o royal_a a_o junck_n which_o in_o china_n be_v so_o magnificent_a as_o they_o resemble_v rather_o some_o gild_a palace_n than_o float_a vessel_n in_o this_o princely_a ship_n he_o entertain_v these_o prince_n in_o all_o jollity_n and_o mirth_n until_o their_o army_n have_v advance_v a_o good_a way_n before_o and_o then_o he_o declare_v to_o kengus_n the_o emperor_n order_n who_o present_o promise_v all_o submission_n and_o to_o return_v to_o nank_v with_o he_o if_o he_o will_v only_o permit_v he_o to_o go_v to_o his_o ship_n which_o expect_v he_o in_o the_o river_n to_o order_v some_o little_a affair_n of_o his_o own_o which_o be_v grant_v he_o no_o soon_o get_v into_o his_o ship_n but_o know_v he_o can_v not_o avoid_v death_n by_o another_o man_n hand_n himself_o kengus_n hang_v himself_o he_o choose_v rather_o to_o be_v his_o own_o executioner_n and_o hang_v himself_o yet_o for_o all_o this_o the_o supreme_a governor_n in_o the_o emperor_n name_n grant_v to_o this_o man_n son_n the_o same_o dignity_n and_o province_n which_o have_v be_v confer_v upon_o the_o father_n and_o thus_o the_o three_o royalet_n join_v again_o have_v pass_v nank_n and_o kiangsi_n come_v at_o length_n into_o the_o province_n of_o quamgtung_n to_o carry_v on_o the_o war_n against_o the_o emperor_n jungley_n and_o at_o their_o first_o entrance_n they_o take_v many_o city_n which_o be_v loath_a to_o oppose_v the_o strength_n of_o their_o army_n only_o the_o city_n of_o quangcheu_fw-la resolve_v to_o try_v its_o fortune_n and_o strength_n this_o city_n of_o quangcheu_fw-la be_v a_o most_o rich_a and_o beautiful_a place_n environ_v with_o large_a water_n and_o be_v the_o only_a southern_a port_n within_o the_o land_n to_o which_o boat_n may_v have_v access_n in_o this_o town_n be_v the_o son_n of_o the_o captive_a iquon_n who_o i_o mention_v before_o beside_o there_o be_v a_o strong_a garrison_n to_o defend_v it_o and_o among_o other_o many_o fugitive_n from_o macao_n who_o be_v content_a to_o serve_v the_o emperor_n jung_o for_o great_a stipend_n and_o by_o reason_n the_o tartar_n have_v neither_o ship_n nor_o skill_n to_o govern_v they_o and_o that_o the_o town_n have_v both_o the_o one_o and_o the_o other_o it_o be_v no_o wonder_n if_o they_o endure_v almost_o a_o whole_a year_n siege_n have_v the_o sea_n open_a for_o their_o relief_n but_o they_o make_v many_o assault_n in_o which_o they_o lose_v many_o man_n and_o be_v ever_o beat_v back_o and_o vigorous_o repel_v this_o courage_n of_o they_o make_v the_o tartar_n fall_v upon_o a_o resolution_n of_o beat_v down_o the_o town_n wall_n by_o their_o great_a canon_n which_o take_v such_o effect_n as_o in_o fine_a they_o take_v it_o the_o 24._o of_o november_n mdcl_o and_o because_o it_o be_v remark_v that_o they_o give_v to_o one_o of_o the_o prefect_n of_o the_o town_n the_o same_o office_n he_o have_v before_o it_o be_v suspect_v it_o be_v deliver_v by_o treason_n pillage_v the_o city_n of_o quangcheu_fw-la be_v take_v and_o pillage_v the_o next_o day_n after_o they_o begin_v to_o plunder_n the_o city_n and_o the_o sackage_n endure_v from_o the_o 24._o of_o november_n till_o the_o 5._o of_o december_n in_o which_o they_o never_o spare_v man_n woman_n or_o child_n but_o all_o whosoever_o be_v cruel_o put_v to_o the_o sword_n nor_o be_v their_o herd_n any_o other_o speech_n but_o kill_v kill_v these_o barbarous_a rebel_n yet_o they_o spare_v some_o artificer_n to_o conserve_v the_o necessary_a art_n as_o also_o some_o strong_a and_o lusty_a man_n such_o as_o they_o see_v able_a to_o carry_v away_o the_o pillage_n of_o the_o city_n but_o final_o the_o 6._o day_n of_o december_n come_v out_o a_o edict_n which_o forbid_v all_o further_a vexation_n after_o they_o have_v kill_v a_o hundred_o thousand_o man_n beside_o all_o those_o that_o perish_v several_a way_n during_o the_o siege_n after_o this_o bloody_a tragedy_n all_o the_o neighbour_a province_n send_v voluntary_o their_o legate_n to_o submit_v demand_v only_a mercy_n which_o they_o obtain_v by_o the_o many_o rich_a present_n which_o be_v offer_v after_o this_o the_o royalet_n march_v with_o his_o army_n against_o the_o city_n chaok_v where_o the_o emperor_n jungley_n hold_v his_o court_n but_o he_o know_v himself_o far_o inferior_a in_o force_n and_o unable_a to_o resist_v flee_v away_o with_o his_o whole_a army_n and_o family_n fly_v the_o emperor_n jung_o fly_v leave_v the_o city_n to_o the_o tartar_n mercy_n but_o whither_o this_o emperor_n flee_v be_v yet_o whole_o unknown_a to_o i_o for_o at_o this_o time_n i_o take_v ship_n in_o fokien_n to_o the_o philippines_n and_o from_o thence_o i_o be_v command_v to_o go_v for_o europe_n by_o those_o to_o who_o i_o consecrate_v myself_o and_o all_o my_o labour_n but_o i_o make_v no_o doubt_n but_o the_o emperor_n retire_v into_o the_o adjoin_a province_n call_v quangsi_n now_o to_o give_v the_o reader_n a_o little_a touch_n how_o the_o tartar_n stand_v affect_v to_o christianity_n it_o deserve_v to_o be_v reflect_v on_o that_o in_o the_o metropolitan_a city_n of_o quangcheu_fw-la which_o as_o i_o now_o relate_v be_v utter_o destroy_v there_o be_v a_o venerable_a person_n who_o have_v the_o care_n and_o superintendency_n of_o all_o the_o christian_n who_o name_n be_v alvarus_n semedo_n a_o jesuit_n this_o man_n they_o take_v and_o tie_v hand_n and_o foot_n for_o many_o day_n and_o threaten_v to_o kill_v he_o every_o hour_n unless_o he_o will_v deliver_v the_o christian_n treasure_n but_o the_o poor_a man_n have_v no_o treasure_n to_o produce_v so_o as_o he_o suffer_v much_o till_o at_o length_n the_o king_n hear_v of_o his_o case_n take_v pity_n of_o his_o venerable_a gray_a heir_n and_o comely_a person_n and_o give_v he_o not_o only_o his_o life_n and_o liberty_n but_o a_o bible_n and_o breviary_n christian_n the_o tartar_n offer_v a_o church_n to_o christian_n which_o be_v their_o prayer_n book_n together_o with_o a_o good_a sum_n of_o money_n for_o a_o alm_n and_o final_o a_o house_n to_o build_v a_o church_n for_o christian_n and_o this_o be_v less_o to_o be_v wonder_v at_o from_o he_o who_o heretofore_o be_v a_o soldier_n under_o that_o famous_a sun_n ignatius_n who_o i_o mention_v before_o where_o he_o know_v what_o belong_v to_o christianity_n and_o also_o have_v see_v the_o jesuit_n in_o the_o camp_n from_o whence_o he_o flee_v to_o the_o tartar_n nor_o be_v it_o only_o this_o tartar_n that_o love_v we_o christian_n but_o in_o a_o manner_n all_o the_o rest_n do_v love_n honour_n and_o esteem_v those_o father_n christian_n the_o tartar_n embrace_v christian_n and_o many_o have_v embrace_v our_o religion_n nor_o do_v we_o doubt_v but_o many_o more_o will_v follow_v their_o example_n if_o we_o can_v enter_v tartary_n as_o now_o it_o be_v project_v where_o doubtless_o many_o great_a thing_n may_v be_v perform_v for_o the_o reduce_n of_o that_o nation_n to_o the_o faith_n of_o christ_n and_o perchance_o god_n have_v open_v away_o to_o the_o tartar_n to_o enter_v china_n to_o give_v christianity_n a_o passage_n into_o tartary_n which_o hitherto_o to_o we_o have_v be_v unknown_a and_o inaccessible_a about_o this_o time_n also_o they_o make_v war_n against_o the_o kingdom_n of_o corea_n tartar_n corea_n revolt_v from_o the_o tartar_n for_o of_o late_a year_n they_o become_v also_o tributary_n to_o the_o tartar_n upon_o condition_n that_o they_o shall_v still_o conserve_v their_o hair_n and_o habit_n but_o now_o the_o tartar_n will_v needs_o constrain_v they_o to_o conform_v themselves_o to_o the_o tartarian_a fashion_n and_o therefore_o all_o that_o kingdom_n revolt_v from_o the_o tartar_n but_o my_o departure_n hinder_v i_o from_o know_v since_o what_o have_v pass_v but_o all_o these_o glorious_a victory_n be_v much_o eclipse_v die_v amavangus_n die_v by_o the_o sorrowful_a death_n of_o amavangus_n which_o happen_v in_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o year_n mdcli_o he_o be_v a_o man_n to_o who_o the_o tartar_n owe_v their_o empire_n in_o china_n and_o such_o a_o one_o as_o who_o both_o tartar_n and_o chinese_n love_v and_o fear_v for_o his_o prudence_n justice_n humanity_n and_o skill_n in_o martial_a affair_n the_o death_n of_o this_o potentate_n do_v much_o trouble_v the_o court_n for_o the_o brother_n to_o this_o man_n call_v quingtus_fw-la will_v needs_o pretend_v to_o the_o government_n of_o the_o empire_n and_o of_o the_o young_a emperor_n xunchius_n but_o both_o the_o tartar_n and_o the_o chineses_n resist_v his_o claim_n allege_v that_o be_v of_o sixteen_o year_n old_a he_o be_v able_a to_o govern_v the_o kingdom_n himself_o and_o in_o conformity_n to_o this_o opinion_n all_o the_o precedent_n depose_v the_o ensign_n of_o their_o office_n refuse_v ever_o to_o receive_v they_o
from_o any_o but_o from_o the_o young_a install_v emperor_n xunchius_n to_o which_o constancy_n the_o king_n kuintus_fw-la uncle_n to_o the_o emperor_n prudent_o yield_v lest_o he_o shall_v exasperate_v the_o mind_n of_o many_o and_o raise_v great_a trouble_n in_o the_o empire_n than_o will_v advance_v his_o family_n but_o i_o can_v doubt_v but_o the_o death_n of_o amavangus_n must_v needs_o trouble_v the_o tartarian_a empire_n and_o bring_v all_o their_o affair_n into_o great_a disturbance_n for_o they_o will_v hardly_o find_v a_o man_n so_o belove_v fear_a and_o expert_a in_o all_o military_a discipline_n and_o government_n as_o he_o in_o effect_n show_v himself_o to_o be_v but_o time_n will_v teach_v we_o what_o will_v become_v of_o all_o for_o since_o his_o death_n we_o have_v no_o certainty_n of_o any_o relation_n now_o let_v we_o turn_v the_o thread_n of_o our_o discourse_n as_o i_o promise_v here_o above_o and_o consider_v the_o fortune_n and_o success_n of_o the_o other_o great_a brigand_n call_v changhienchungus_n to_o let_v the_o reader_n understand_v how_o the_o tartar_n do_v invade_v not_o only_o the_o mediterranean_a and_o oriental_a part_n but_o also_o the_o occidental_a quarter_n of_o that_o vast_a kingdom_n but_o before_o i_o begin_v to_o speak_v of_o this_o monster_n of_o nature_n tyrant_n changhienchungus_n a_o cruel_a tyrant_n i_o must_v ingenuous_o confess_v i_o be_o both_o ashamed_a and_o also_o touch_v with_o a_o kind_n of_o horror_n to_o declare_v his_o villainy_n both_o in_o respect_n they_o seem_v to_o exceed_v all_o belief_n and_o therefore_o i_o may_v perchance_o be_v hold_v to_o write_v fable_n as_o also_o it_o be_v not_o handsome_a to_o make_v reflection_n on_o such_o subject_n yet_o i_o may_v sincere_o protest_v that_o i_o have_v in_o my_o hand_n a_o long_a relation_n of_o all_o his_o act_n write_v by_o two_o religious_a person_n who_o be_v then_o in_o the_o province_n of_o suchuen_n to_o exercise_v their_o function_n which_o country_n be_v the_o theatre_n of_o all_o his_o brutality_n which_o i_o shall_v relate_v and_o because_o i_o judge_v these_o two_o person_n to_o be_v of_o a_o incorrupted_a a_o faith_n i_o judge_v therefore_o that_o a_o mortal_a man_n may_v arrive_v to_o this_o pitch_n of_o wickedness_n and_o inhuman_a cruelty_n i_o therefore_o gather_v out_o of_o that_o relation_n what_o i_o here_o relate_v which_o be_v nothing_o else_o but_o a_o vast_a mass_n of_o such_o abominable_a cruelty_n as_o i_o doubt_v not_o even_o the_o most_o mild_a reader_n will_v take_v the_o author_n to_o be_v no_o man_n but_o some_o horrid_a wild_a beast_n or_o rather_o if_o no_o more_o execrable_a name_n occur_v some_o devil_n transve_v in_o our_o humane_a nature_n this_o monster_n like_o a_o wild_a bear_n enter_v into_o divers_a province_n fill_v all_o with_o rapine_n death_n fire_n and_o sword_n with_o all_o other_o imaginable_a misery_n for_o he_o have_v a_o mind_n to_o destroy_v all_o that_o so_o he_o may_v have_v no_o enemy_n or_o leave_v any_o alive_a that_o may_v revolt_v from_o he_o but_o only_o content_v himself_o with_o his_o own_o soldier_n and_o often_o time_n he_o spare_v not_o these_o but_o the_o province_n of_o suchuen_n where_o he_o usurp_v the_o title_n of_o a_o king_n be_v the_o chief_a theatre_n of_o his_o barbarous_a cruelty_n for_o after_o he_o have_v afflict_v and_o vex_v the_o province_n of_o huquang_n and_o honan_n and_o part_n of_o that_o of_o nank_v and_o kiangsi_n he_o enter_v the_o province_n of_o suchuen_n in_o the_o year_n mdcxliv_o and_o have_v take_v the_o principal_a city_n call_v chingtu_n in_o the_o heat_n of_o his_o fury_n he_o kill_v a_o king_n of_o the_o tamingian_n race_n which_o here_o have_v establish_v his_o court_n as_o he_o have_v do_v also_o to_o seveâ—_n other_o grandee_n of_o the_o same_o family_n prince_n he_o kill_v divers_a prince_n these_o be_v the_o prelude_v of_o the_o tragical_a act_n who_o scense_v i_o go_v about_o brief_o to_o describe_v that_o so_o europe_n may_v see_v what_o a_o horrid_a and_o execrable_a thing_n a_o unbridled_a and_o arm_a cruelty_n appear_v to_o be_v when_o it_o furious_o rage_v in_o the_o darkness_n of_o infidelity_n this_o brigand_n have_v certain_a violent_a and_o sudden_a buttad_n of_o furious_a cruelty_n and_o maxim_n draw_v from_o the_o very_a bowel_n of_o vengeance_n itself_o for_o if_o he_o be_v never_o so_o little_o offend_v by_o another_o or_o suspect_v another_o to_o be_v offend_v with_o he_o he_o present_o command_v such_o to_o be_v massacre_v and_o have_v nothing_o in_o his_o mouth_n but_o murder_n and_o death_n he_o often_o for_o one_o single_a man_n fault_n destroy_v all_o the_o family_n respect_v neither_o child_n death_n for_o one_o offend_v he_o put_v to_o death_n nor_o woman_n with_o child_n nay_o many_o time_n he_o cut_v off_o the_o whole_a street_n where_o the_o offender_n dwell_v involve_v in_o the_o slaughter_n as_o well_o the_o innocent_n as_o nocent_o it_o happen_v once_o he_o send_v a_o man_n post_n into_o the_o country_n of_o xensi_fw-la who_o be_v glad_a he_o be_v get_v out_o of_o the_o tyrant_n hand_n will_v not_o return_v to_o revenge_v this_o imaginary_a injury_n he_o destroy_v all_o the_o quarter_n of_o the_o city_n in_o which_o he_o dwell_v and_o think_v he_o much_o bridle_v his_o fierceness_n that_o he_o do_v not_o whole_o extinguish_v all_o the_o city_n to_o this_o i_o add_v another_o unhuman_a act_n about_o his_o hangman_n who_o it_o seem_v he_o love_v above_o the_o rest_n because_o he_o be_v cruel_a than_o the_o rest_n when_o this_o man_n be_v dead_a of_o his_o disease_n he_o cause_v the_o physician_n who_o have_v give_v he_o physic_n to_o be_v kill_v and_o not_o content_a with_o this_o he_o sacrifice_v one_o hundred_o more_o of_o that_o profession_n to_o the_o ghost_n of_o his_o decease_a officer_n he_o be_v affable_a and_o sweet_a towards_o his_o soldier_n he_o play_v banquet_v and_o feast_v with_o they_o converse_v familiar_o with_o they_o and_o when_o they_o have_v perform_v any_o military_a action_n with_o honour_n and_o valour_n he_o give_v they_o precious_a gift_n of_o silk_n and_o money_n but_o yet_o many_o time_n he_o command_v some_o of_o they_o to_o be_v cruel_o put_v to_o death_n before_o he_o especial_o such_o as_o be_v of_o the_o province_n of_o suchuen_n where_o he_o reign_v who_o he_o entire_o hate_v they_o because_o he_o think_v they_o do_v not_o rejoice_v in_o his_o royal_a dignity_n insomuch_o as_o he_o hardly_o ever_o do_v any_o public_a action_n suchuen_n his_o hatred_n to_o the_o people_n of_o suchuen_n which_o though_o it_o begin_v like_o a_o comedy_n yet_o have_v not_o in_o fine_a the_o sad_a catastrophe_n of_o a_o tragedy_n for_o if_o walk_v out_o he_o do_v but_o espy_v a_o soldier_n ill_o clad_v or_o who_o manner_n of_o gate_n or_o walk_v be_v not_o so_o vigorous_a or_o masculine_a as_o he_o desire_v he_o present_o command_v he_o to_o be_v kill_v he_o once_o give_v a_o soldier_n a_o piece_n of_o silk_n who_o complain_v to_o his_o fellow_n of_o the_o pooreness_n of_o the_o piece_n and_o be_v overhear_v by_o a_o spy_v of_o which_o he_o have_v a_o great_a number_n who_o present_o acquaint_v he_o with_o what_o be_v say_v he_o present_o command_v he_o fault_n he_o cut_v off_o a_o legion_n for_o one_o man_n fault_n and_o this_o whole_a legion_n which_o be_v of_o two_o thousand_o man_n to_o be_v all_o massacre_v he_o have_v in_o his_o royal_a city_n some_o six_o hundred_o prefect_n or_o judge_n officer_n he_o kill_v many_o city_n officer_n and_o man_n belong_v to_o the_o law_n and_o such_o as_o manage_v the_o principal_a office_n and_o in_o three_o year_n space_n there_o be_v hardly_o twenty_o leave_v have_v put_v all_o the_o rest_n to_o several_a death_n for_o very_o slight_a cause_n he_o cause_v a_o sergeant_n major_n which_o the_o chineses_n call_v pingpu_n to_o be_v flay_v alive_a for_o have_v grant_v leave_v to_o a_o china_n philosopher_n without_o special_a order_n to_o retire_v a_o little_a to_o his_o country_n house_n and_o whereas_o he_o have_v five_o hundred_o eunuch_n take_v from_o the_o prince_n of_o the_o tamingean_a family_n eunuch_n and_o he_o kill_v also_o the_o eunuch_n after_o he_o have_v put_v their_o lord_n to_o death_n he_o command_v all_o these_o to_o be_v cruel_o put_v to_o death_n only_o because_o one_o of_o they_o have_v presume_v to_o style_v he_o not_o by_o the_o title_n of_o a_o king_n but_o by_o the_o bare_a name_n of_o the_o thief_n changhienchungus_n as_o if_o he_o than_o be_v no_o thief_n nor_o do_v he_o spare_v the_o heathenish_a priest_n who_o sacrifice_v to_o their_o idol_n these_o sort_n of_o man_n before_o he_o come_v into_o this_o country_n have_v feign_v many_o crime_n against_o the_o priest_n which_o preach_v the_o faith_n of_o christ_n have_v raise_v a_o bitter_a
bellum_fw-la tartaricum_n or_o the_o conquest_n of_o the_o great_a and_o most_o renown_a empire_n of_o china_n by_o the_o invasion_n of_o the_o tartar_n who_o in_o these_o last_o seven_o year_n have_v whole_o subdue_v that_o vast_a empire_n together_o with_o a_o map_n of_o the_o province_n and_o chief_a city_n of_o the_o country_n for_o the_o better_a understanding_n of_o the_o story_n write_a original_o in_o latin_a by_o martin_n martinius_n present_a in_o the_o country_n at_o most_o of_o the_o passage_n herein_o relate_v and_o now_o faithful_o translate_v into_o english_a london_n print_v for_o john_n crook_n and_o be_v to_o be_v sell_v at_o his_o shop_n at_o the_o sign_n of_o the_o ship_n in_o st._n paul_n churchyard_n 1654._o the_o lively_a effigy_n of_o theinmingus_n the_o present_a emperor_n of_o the_o western_a tartar_n who_o have_v late_o overrun_v and_o possess_v himself_o almost_o of_o the_o whole_a empire_n of_o china_n to_o the_o reader_n wwhereas_n in_o the_o course_n of_o this_o ensue_a history_n there_o occur_v frequent_a mention_n of_o the_o chief_a province_n and_o city_n in_o china_n which_o have_v either_o be_v assault_v and_o defend_v subdue_v or_o destroy_v by_o the_o several_a army_n aswell_o from_o north_n to_o south_n as_o from_o east_n to_o west_n lest_o the_o pleasure_n and_o delight_n of_o this_o history_n shall_v be_v any_o way_n diminish_v by_o the_o frequent_a reencounter_n of_o harsh_a and_o barbarous_a name_n of_o country_n and_o town_n unknown_a to_o the_o european_a reader_n whilst_o his_o attention_n follow_v the_o victorious_a army_n i_o think_v it_o good_a to_o prefix_v a_o little_a geographical_a table_n of_o the_o country_n and_o chief_a city_n which_o may_v serve_v as_o a_o guide_n to_o conduct_v the_o eye_n of_o the_o understanding_n in_o the_o pursuit_n of_o the_o mention_a victory_n i_o confess_v it_o be_v not_o so_o exact_a as_o the_o rigour_n of_o geography_n exact_v but_o yet_o it_o be_v such_o a_o one_o as_o be_v draw_v by_o the_o hand_n of_o their_o learned_a philosopher_n and_o may_v well_o give_v we_o a_o sufficient_a notion_n of_o all_o the_o place_n mention_v as_o for_o more_o exquisite_a and_o rare_a map_n both_o universal_a and_o particular_a as_o well_o of_o the_o country_n as_o of_o the_o city_n and_o of_o all_o the_o rarity_n they_o contain_v together_o with_o the_o exact_a knowledge_n of_o their_o longitude_n and_o latitude_n and_o of_o all_o that_o do_v belong_v either_o to_o astronomy_n or_o geography_n relation_n to_o they_o with_o what_o may_v be_v expect_v from_o natural_a or_o humane_a history_n i_o reserve_v all_o these_o rarity_n and_o curiosity_n to_o my_o atlas_n of_o china_n which_o i_o be_o compose_v take_v from_o their_o own_o ancient_a record_n ever_o since_o the_o time_n of_o noah_n all_o which_o i_o have_v with_o incredible_a pain_n and_o industry_n both_o gather_v up_o together_o and_o transport_v with_o i_o to_o europe_n i_o will_v not_o therefore_o for_o the_o present_a deflower_v that_o worth_n of_o its_o great_a beauty_n by_o a_o unseasonable_a exposition_n of_o it_o to_o the_o reader_n view_v but_o expect_v till_o it_o grow_v to_o that_o perfection_n as_o i_o hope_v will_v ravish_v the_o unsatiable_a appetits_fw-fr of_o this_o our_o curious_a age._n situs_n provinciarum_fw-la imperii_fw-la sinici_fw-la m.dc.liv_o occidens_fw-la septentrio_fw-la oriens_fw-la auster_n tanyv_n tartarorum_n regnum_fw-la niulhan_n yupi_fw-la niuche_n tartary_n orientalis_n crocous_n fluv_n xensi_fw-la sigan_n hanchung_a xansi_fw-la taitung_n taiyven_v pucheu_fw-la kiangcheu_fw-la peking_n peking_n xantung_a tâ—ncu_n cinan_n leaotung_a xuâ—â—ing_v quangâ—ing_n tuocun_fw-fr legoyang_n caiyven_v xanghai_n taoyvan_n corea_n kingki_n giapon_n honan_n caifung_a suchven_n chingtu_fw-la mahu_n lacus_fw-la huqvang_v kiang_n fluv_fw-la filius_fw-la mar_n tungt_v lacus_fw-la vnchang_n nank_v yangchai_n hoigan_n nank_v poyang_n lacus_fw-la chekiang_n taâ—_n lacus_fw-la sungtiang_n hangcheâ—_n cientang_n flu_fw-fr kiangsi_fw-la nanchang_n kiucheu_fw-la canchou_fw-fr fokien_fw-fr kinâ—oa_n veâ—cheu_o kienning_n fochen_n cheuxan_n junnan_n junnan_n qveichev_n queicheu_fw-la qvangsi_fw-la queilin_n qvangtung_a nankiung_a chaok_v quangcheu_o hainun_n macao_n bellum_fw-la tartaricum_n or_o the_o history_n of_o the_o war_n of_o the_o tartar_n in_o china_n etc._n etc._n the_o most_o ancient_a nation_n of_o tartar_n in_o asia_n which_o be_v the_o parent_n of_o many_o nation_n have_v be_v a_o enemy_n of_o the_o empire_n of_o china_n china_n the_o tartar_n be_v ancient_a enemy_n to_o china_n above_o four_o thousand_o year_n during_o which_o time_n as_o they_o have_v many_o sharp_a war_n with_o those_o of_o china_n in_o which_o they_o be_v sometime_o conquer_v so_o also_o more_o often_o they_o remain_v conqueror_n of_o the_o province_n of_o that_o nation_n i_o call_v that_o nation_n tartar_n tartâ—â—s_n who_o be_v the_o tartâ—â—s_n which_o inhabit_v the_o northern_a part_n behind_o that_o famous_a wall_n which_o stretch_v out_o above_o 300._o german_n league_n from_o east_n to_o west_n have_v ever_o serve_v for_o a_o rampart_n to_o hinder_v their_o eruption_n into_o the_o say_a empire_n this_o country_n the_o chineses_n have_v a_o defect_n of_o the_o letter_n r._n ancient_o call_v tata_n comprehend_v under_o this_o name_n as_o well_o the_o oriental_a tartar_n hitherto_o unknown_a to_o we_o in_o europe_n as_o the_o occidental_a contain_v the_o province_n sumahania_n tanyu_n niuche_n niulhan_n and_o the_o like_a from_o the_o lesser_a tartary_n and_o kingdom_n of_o cascor_n to_o the_o oriental_a sea_n above_o japony_n where_o they_o be_v separate_v by_o the_o straight_a of_o anian_n from_o oviora_fw-la in_o america_n if_o yet_o it_o be_v a_o straight_a and_o not_o a_o continent_n but_o it_o be_v not_o my_o intention_n to_o write_v all_o the_o war_n which_o have_v pass_v betwixt_o they_o but_o only_o of_o such_o as_o have_v happen_v in_o our_o memory_n and_o in_o my_o presence_n all_o the_o rest_n shall_v appear_v at_o large_a in_o my_o abridgement_n of_o the_o history_n of_o china_n and_o that_o we_o may_v proceed_v with_o more_o order_n it_o will_v be_v necessary_a to_o reflect_v how_o and_o from_o whence_o those_o trouble_n have_v their_o begin_n it_o be_v therefore_o first_o to_o be_v know_v heretofore_o the_o tartar_n conquer_v china_n heretofore_o that_o the_o ancient_a western_a tartar_n of_o who_o paulus_n venetus_n and_o ayton_n make_v mention_n under_o the_o name_n of_o cataye_n and_o maningin_n wage_v war_n against_o china_n after_o they_o have_v subdue_v almost_o all_o asia_n to_o their_o power_n and_o this_o before_o the_o time_n of_o great_a tamburlaine_n china_n tamburlaine_n never_o take_v china_n who_o never_o reign_v in_o china_n as_o some_o have_v false_o write_v for_o he_o flourish_v about_o the_o year_n mccccvi_n in_o which_o time_n taichangus_n emperor_n of_o china_n and_o the_o second_o of_o the_o taimingian_n family_n the_o tartar_n be_v before_o beat_v out_o of_o his_o kingdom_n govern_v peaceable_o all_o the_o province_n include_v within_o the_o compass_n of_o that_o vast_a wall_n which_o before_o i_o mention_v but_o the_o war_n which_o paulus_n venetus_n touch_v betwixt_o the_o chinese_n and_o tartar_n begin_v in_o the_o year_n mccvi_o as_o their_o history_n and_o chronology_n testify_v which_o last_v 77._o year_n at_o last_o in_o the_o year_n mcclxxviii_o have_v total_o conquer_v all_o that_o potent_a empire_n they_o extinguish_v the_o imperial_a family_n of_o the_o sungas_n and_o erect_v a_o new_a regal_a family_n which_o they_o call_v juena_n of_o which_o tartarian_a race_n nine_o emperor_n by_o descent_n china_n the_o tartar_n emperor_n of_o china_n govern_v in_o the_o kingdom_n of_o china_n for_o the_o space_n of_o lxxâ—_n year_n in_o peace_n and_o quietness_n and_o about_o the_o end_n of_o that_o war_n come_v paulus_n venetus_n into_o china_n with_o the_o tartar_n as_o appear_v by_o his_o write_n in_o this_o tract_n of_o time_n the_o tartar_n forget_v their_o ancient_a vigour_n of_o mind_n and_o warlike_a spirit_n which_o the_o pleasure_n and_o delices_fw-la of_o that_o country_n have_v quail_v and_o tame_v be_v also_o weaken_v by_o so_o long_a a_o peace_n become_v of_o a_o sweet_a temper_n and_o receive_v a_o deep_a tincture_n of_o the_o nature_n and_o disposition_n of_o the_o native_n of_o china_n whereupon_o a_o contemptible_a person_n who_o be_v servant_n to_o one_o of_o those_o depute_a to_o offer_v sacrifice_n to_o their_o idol_n call_v hugh_n presume_v to_o rebel_v against_o they_o this_o man_n commiserate_v the_o condition_n of_o his_o enslave_v country_n and_o also_o touch_v with_o the_o ambition_n of_o reign_v first_o act_v the_o part_n of_o a_o thief_n or_o highway_n man_n and_o be_v of_o a_o generous_a nature_n bold_a and_o as_o quick_a at_o hand_n as_o in_o wit_n want_v neither_o courage_n nor_o art_n nor_o companion_n nor_o fortune_n to_o gather_v such_o a_o multitude_n as_o in_o short_a time_n make_v up_o the_o vast_a body_n of_o a_o army_n
whereupon_o depose_v the_o person_n of_o a_o thief_n he_o become_v a_o general_n and_o with_o a_o bold_a attempt_n presume_v to_o set_v upon_o the_o tartar_n and_o have_v wage_v many_o war_n against_o they_o obtain_v many_o singular_a victory_n so_o as_o in_o the_o year_n 1368._o he_o final_o drive_v they_o out_o of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o china_n receive_v for_o so_o memorable_a a_o action_n the_o whole_a empire_n of_o china_n as_o a_o worthy_a reward_n of_o his_o heroical_a action_n it_o be_v he_o first_o erect_v the_o imperial_a family_n of_o the_o taiminge_n and_o be_v he_o be_v the_o first_o emperor_n of_o that_o race_n style_v himself_o by_o the_o name_n of_o hunguus_fw-la which_o signify_v as_o much_o as_o the_o famous_a warrior_n after_o such_o a_o illustrious_a action_n it_o be_v no_o wonder_n if_o all_o the_o province_n submit_v to_o he_o both_o as_o to_o one_o that_o be_v a_o native_a of_o their_o country_n and_o also_o because_o they_o look_v on_o he_o as_o a_o man_n who_o have_v redeem_v they_o from_o thraldom_n for_o it_o be_v the_o nature_n of_o the_o people_n of_o china_n to_o love_n and_o esteem_v their_o own_o as_o much_o as_o they_o hate_v and_o vilify_v stranger_n wherefore_o he_o first_o place_v his_o court_n at_o nank_v near_o to_o the_o bank_n of_o that_o great_a river_n of_o kiang_n which_o the_o chineses_n in_o respect_n of_o the_o huge_a mountain_n of_o water_n which_o it_o discharge_v into_o the_o ocean_n call_v the_o son_n of_o the_o sea_n and_o have_v speedy_o order_v and_o establish_v that_o empire_n fear_v no_o insurrection_n from_o these_o new_a redeem_a creature_n he_o be_v not_o content_v to_o have_v chase_v the_o tartar_n out_o of_o china_n but_o he_o make_v a_o irruption_n into_o tartary_n itself_o and_o so_o follow_v the_o point_n of_o his_o victory_n as_o that_o he_o rout_v they_o several_a time_n waste_v all_o their_o territory_n and_o final_o bring_v the_o oriental_a tartar_n to_o such_o strait_n as_o he_o force_v they_o to_o lay_v down_o their_o arm_n to_o pay_v tribute_n and_o even_o beg_v a_o ignominious_a peace_n this_o storm_n of_o war_n fall_v chief_o on_o the_o tartar_n of_o the_o province_n of_o niuche_n whither_o the_o tartar_n of_o china_n be_v expel_v be_v retire_v and_o those_o tartar_n every_o year_n either_o as_o subject_n or_o friend_n come_v into_o china_n by_o the_o province_n of_o leaotung_a to_o traffic_v with_o the_o inhabitant_n for_o be_v bring_v to_o poverty_n and_o misery_n they_o think_v no_o more_o of_o make_v war_n against_o china_n the_o merchandise_n they_o bring_v be_v several_a as_o the_o root_n call_v ginsem_n so_o much_o esteem_v among_o the_o chinese_n and_o all_o sort_n of_o precious_a skin_n as_o those_o of_o castor_n martais_fw-fr &_o zibellens_n and_o also_o horsehair_n of_o which_o the_o chineses_n make_v their_o net_n and_o the_o man_n though_o mad_o use_v it_o in_o tie_v up_o their_o hair_n as_o the_o handsome_a dress_n they_o can_v appear_v in_o but_o those_o tartar_n multiply_v so_o fast_o as_o they_o grow_v quick_o into_o seven_o government_n which_o they_o call_v horde_n as_o much_o as_o to_o say_v into_o seven_o lordship_n and_o these_o fight_v one_o against_o another_o at_o length_n about_o the_o year_n of_o christ_n mdl_o come_v to_o erect_v a_o kingdom_n which_o they_o call_v the_o kingdom_n of_o niuche_n thus_o stand_v china_n in_o relation_n to_o the_o eastern_a tartar_n but_o to_o the_o western_a tartar_n they_o pay_v tribute_n mask_v under_o the_o title_n of_o present_n that_o they_o may_v desist_v from_o war_n for_o the_o chineses_n esteem_v it_o very_o unhansom_a to_o make_v war_n against_o any_o if_o by_o any_o other_o mean_v their_o country_n can_v be_v conserve_v in_o peace_n and_o quietness_n be_v teach_v this_o by_o their_o philosopher_n but_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n be_v over_o jealous_a of_o the_o enemy_n to_o their_o ancient_a riches_n tartar_n a_o great_a garrison_n upon_o the_o wall_n against_o the_o tartar_n they_o never_o leave_v that_o great_a wall_n which_o extend_v from_o east_n to_o west_n without_o a_o million_o of_o sorelgers_n to_o guard_v it_o therefore_o this_o kingdom_n of_o china_n be_v thus_o establish_v in_o the_o taimingian_n family_n china_n a_o long_a peace_n in_o china_n enjoy_v a_o constant_a peace_n and_o quietness_n for_o ccl_o year_n and_o whilst_o the_o seven_o lord_n or_o governor_n make_v civil_a war_n that_o renown_a emperor_n of_o china_n know_v by_o the_o name_n of_o vanley_n be_v the_o thirteen_o emperor_n of_o taiminge_n family_n govern_v happy_o the_o kingdom_n of_o china_n from_o the_o year_n 1573._o to_o the_o year_n 1620._o with_o as_o much_o prudence_n as_o justice_n and_o equity_n but_o in_o this_o time_n the_o tartar_n of_o niuche_n have_v so_o multiply_v and_o spread_v themselves_o china_n the_o tartar_n think_v of_o invade_v china_n as_o that_o be_v incorporate_v into_o a_o kingdom_n they_o become_v daily_o more_o formidable_a to_o china_n and_o therefore_o the_o governor_n of_o the_o border_a country_n consult_v private_o among_o themselves_o how_o they_o may_v curb_v and_o restrain_v these_o people_n within_o their_o limit_n for_o their_o governor_n have_v so_o much_o power_n and_o authority_n that_o although_o they_o live_v as_o slave_n to_o their_o prince_n yet_o when_o there_o be_v question_n of_o a_o common_a and_o public_a good_a they_o govern_v absolute_o and_o uncontrollable_o unless_o by_o some_o high_a power_n their_o order_n be_v restrain_v first_o therefore_o the_o prefect_n or_o governor_n war_n the_o first_o cause_n of_o the_o tartarian_a war_n do_v abuse_v the_o merchant_n tartar_n of_o niuche_n when_o they_o come_v into_o leaotung_n which_o be_v a_o province_n confine_v next_o to_o they_o cause_n the_o second_o cause_n then_o again_o when_o the_o king_n of_o niuche_n will_v have_v marry_v his_o daughter_n to_o another_o king_n of_o the_o tartar_n they_o hinder_v this_o marriage_n by_o represent_v some_o pretend_a reason_n of_o state_n cause_n the_o three_o cause_n and_o final_o when_o the_o king_n of_o niuche_n suspect_v nothing_o from_o they_o he_o conceive_v his_o friend_n they_o take_v he_o by_o deceit_n and_o kill_v he_o perfidious_o wherefore_o to_o revenge_v these_o injury_n china_n the_o first_o irruption_n of_o the_o tartar_n into_o china_n the_o king_n son_n gather_v a_o strong_a army_n &_o take_v his_o time_n find_v mean_n to_o get_v over_o the_o great_a wall_n i_o mention_v and_o the_o great_a river_n be_v freeze_v he_o present_o set_v upon_o the_o great_a city_n kaiyven_v or_o as_o other_o call_v it_o taxun_v which_o lie_v upon_o the_o confine_n of_o tartary_n which_o he_o take_v in_o the_o year_n mdcxvi_o from_o this_o city_n he_o write_v a_o letter_n in_o tartarian_a character_n to_o the_o emperor_n of_o china_n which_o though_o write_v in_o barbarian_a character_n china_n the_o tartar_n protestation_n against_o china_n yet_o contain_v nothing_o barbarous_a by_o this_o letter_n which_o he_o send_v by_o one_o of_o their_o indian_a priest_n who_o they_o call_v lama_n in_o a_o very_a humble_a and_o submissive_a manner_n he_o declare_v to_o he_o that_o he_o have_v invade_v his_o country_n to_o revenge_v the_o injury_n he_o have_v receive_v from_o the_o governor_n of_o the_o neighbour_a province_n but_o yet_o that_o he_o be_v ready_a to_o restore_v the_o city_n he_o have_v take_v and_o depose_v his_o arm_n if_o his_o complaint_n may_v be_v hear_v and_o satisfaction_n give_v he_o the_o emperor_n of_o china_n call_v vanley_n have_v receive_v this_o letter_n though_o otherways_o of_o a_o eminent_a wisdom_n and_o of_o as_o great_a experience_n yet_o be_v now_o break_v with_o age_n in_o this_o business_n seem_v to_o have_v proceed_v with_o less_o prudence_n than_o that_o which_o accompany_v the_o former_a action_n of_o his_o life_n for_o think_v it_o not_o to_o be_v a_o business_n of_o that_o moment_n as_o it_o deserve_v to_o be_v treat_v before_o he_o in_o his_o own_o court_n he_o remit_v the_o business_n to_o the_o chief_a governor_n and_o commander_n and_o these_o man_n puff_v up_o with_o their_o usual_a pride_n think_v it_o not_o sit_v so_o much_o as_o to_o give_v a_o answer_n to_o the_o barbarian_a king_n but_o resent_v it_o very_o high_o that_o any_o dare_v be_v so_o bold_a as_o to_o complain_v to_o the_o emperor_n of_o any_o injury_n receive_v the_o tartarian_a king_n see_v they_o vouchsafe_v no_o answer_n to_o his_o just_a demand_n king_n the_o barbarous_a and_o superstitious_a vow_n of_o the_o tartarian_a king_n turn_v his_o anger_n into_o rage_n vow_v to_o celebrate_v his_o father_n funeral_n with_o the_o life_n of_o two_o hundred_o thousand_o of_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o china_n for_o it_o be_v the_o custom_n of_o the_o tartar_n when_o any_o man_n of_o quality_n die_v to_o cast_v into_o that_o fire_n which_o consume_v the_o dead_a
part_n of_o the_o kingdom_n which_o he_o have_v effectual_o perform_v have_v not_o some_o commander_n suggest_v that_o his_o flight_n will_v give_v courage_n to_o the_o victorious_a and_o breed_v trouble_n and_o confusion_n in_o the_o whole_a empire_n be_v that_o to_o fly_v be_v nothing_o elf_v but_o to_o yield_v up_o the_o land_n to_o the_o enemy_n nay_o more_o they_o say_v the_o disorder_n be_v such_o in_o the_o city_n that_o if_o the_o tartar_n have_v come_v on_o he_o infallible_o have_v make_v himself_o master_n of_o it_o but_o the_o enemy_n be_v more_o greedy_a of_o prey_n and_o therefore_o like_o a_o lightning_n they_o overrun_v all_o spoil_v and_o burn_v all_o town_n and_o city_n and_o kill_v and_o destroy_v a_o immense_a company_n of_o chineses_n in_o a_o most_o cruel_a manner_n riches_n the_o tartar_n return_v with_o great_a riches_n and_o leave_v all_o these_o place_n dismantle_v and_o without_o garrison_n lade_v with_o infinite_a riches_n they_o return_v victorious_a to_o leaotung_v where_o they_o have_v their_o first_o footing_n after_o these_o thing_n have_v pass_v that_o renown_v emperor_n of_o china_n call_v vanley_n die_v die_v the_o emperor_n vanleâ—_n die_v taichangus_n succeed_v and_o die_v and_o leave_v his_o son_n taichangus_n to_o succeed_v he_o who_o begin_v to_o gather_v a_o new_a army_n against_o the_o tartar_n but_o after_o four_o month_n reign_n he_o also_o die_v to_o he_o succeed_v theinkius_n choose_v theinkius_n be_v choose_v who_o as_o soon_o as_o he_o assume_v the_o crown_n send_v a_o ambassador_n with_o many_o magnificent_a present_n and_o worthy_a of_o the_o china_n monarchy_n to_o the_o king_n of_o corea_n the_o end_n of_o this_o embassage_n be_v to_o thank_v he_o for_o the_o auxiliary_a force_n send_v to_o his_o grandfather_n as_o also_o to_o comfort_v he_o for_o the_o loss_n he_o have_v receive_v in_o the_o late_a service_n of_o china_n and_o final_o to_o solicit_v and_o press_v for_o further_a succour_n for_o it_o seem_v those_o of_o corea_n chinese_n those_o of_o corea_n more_o valiant_a than_o the_o chinese_n as_o they_o be_v near_o to_o japony_n so_o they_o participate_v more_o of_o that_o warlike_a spirit_n and_o fortitude_n than_o those_o of_o china_n do_v beside_o that_o he_o may_v more_o effectual_o divert_v the_o imminent_a danger_n of_o his_o kingdom_n ruin_n tartar_n new_a preparation_n against_o the_o tartar_n he_o levy_v new_a force_n throughout_o all_o the_o kingdom_n which_o he_o send_v into_o the_o country_n of_o leaotung_n to_o hinder_v the_o irruption_n of_o the_o tartar_n any_o further_o into_o the_o country_n and_o for_o their_o better_a supply_n with_o necessary_a provision_n he_o maintain_v a_o great_a navy_n in_o the_o haven_n of_o thiencin_n to_o carry_v corn_n and_o other_o necessary_n for_o their_o maintenance_n this_o port_n of_o thiencin_n commodious_a the_o port_n of_o thiencin_n very_o commodious_a be_v a_o station_n to_o which_o a_o incredible_a number_n of_o ship_n resort_v both_o by_o sea_n and_o river_n from_o all_o part_n of_o china_n so_o as_o by_o this_o mean_n by_o a_o very_a short_a and_o compendious_a way_n they_o be_v easy_o provide_v with_o all_o necessary_n for_o all_o the_o whole_a country_n of_o leaotung_n be_v almost_o environ_v with_o the_o sea_n and_o the_o further_a part_n be_v but_o two_o day_n distant_a by_o water_n from_o this_o port_n of_o thiencin_n but_o by_o land_n far_o more_o time_n be_v necessary_a among_o other_o commander_n which_o come_v with_o succour_n to_o their_o prince_n china_n the_o valiant_a amazon_n of_o china_n there_o be_v one_o heroic_a lady_n who_o we_o may_v well_o call_v the_o amazon_n or_o penthesilean_n of_o china_n she_o bring_v along_o with_o her_o three_o thousand_o from_o the_o remote_a province_n of_o suchuen_n carry_v all_o not_o only_o masculine_a mind_n but_o man_n habit_n also_o and_o assume_v title_n more_o become_a man_n than_o woman_n this_o noble_a and_o generous_a lady_n give_v many_o rare_a proof_n of_o her_o courage_n and_o valour_n not_o only_o against_o these_o tartar_n but_o also_o against_o the_o rebel_n which_o afterward_o rise_v against_o their_o lord_n and_o emperor_n but_o now_o she_o come_v in_o this_o war_n to_o supply_v her_o son_n place_n who_o she_o leave_v at_o home_n in_o his_o own_o kingdom_n as_o be_v yet_o a_o child_n and_o not_o able_a to_o perform_v that_o homage_n and_o duty_n to_o which_o he_o be_v oblige_v for_o in_o the_o mountain_n of_o the_o country_n of_o suchuen_n there_o be_v a_o king_n not_o subject_a to_o he_o of_o china_n but_o a_o absolute_a prince_n yet_o so_o as_o he_o receive_v the_o honour_n and_o title_n of_o a_o king_n from_o the_o emperor_n of_o china_n after_o which_o investiture_n his_o subject_n only_o obey_v he_o and_o pay_v tribute_n but_o because_o they_o surpass_v all_o other_o in_o valour_n and_o courage_n therefore_o they_o be_v use_v by_o the_o king_n of_o china_n in_o warlike_a affair_n by_o occasion_n of_o this_o war_n the_o two_o noble_a christian_a doctor_n christianity_n the_o first_o invention_n of_o the_o christian_n to_o advance_v christianity_n paul_n and_o michael_n find_v mean_n to_o persuade_v the_o emperor_n to_o demand_v of_o the_o portugese_n of_o macao_n some_o great_a piece_n and_o also_o some_o gun_n and_o gunner_n hope_v by_o this_o mean_n also_o to_o restore_v the_o banish_a father_n of_o christianity_n as_o also_o the_o religion_n itself_o and_o their_o proposition_n take_v effect_v for_o both_o the_o one_o and_o the_o other_o be_v send_v for_o and_o the_o father_n public_o admit_v again_o and_o many_o new_a soldier_n of_o portugal_n come_v to_o help_v the_o army_n but_o god_n do_v most_o abundant_o recompense_v this_o favour_n do_v to_o christianity_n for_o before_o the_o portugese_n arrive_v his_o army_n have_v cast_v the_o tartar_n out_o of_o the_o country_n of_o leaotung_n by_o mean_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o that_o country_n who_o be_v much_o exasperate_v by_o the_o tartarian_n cruelty_n out_o the_o tartar_n be_v cast_v out_o open_v their_o city_n gate_n as_o soon_o as_o the_o king_n of_o china_n army_n appear_v and_o rise_v against_o their_o garrison_n give_v entrance_n to_o the_o army_n insomuch_o as_o they_o recover_v the_o metropolitan_a town_n of_o leaotung_n for_o the_o king_n of_o tartary_n be_v divert_v by_o other_o war_n at_o home_n can_v not_o come_v soon_o enough_o to_o relieve_v it_o so_o as_o by_o this_o mean_v the_o affair_n of_o china_n begin_v to_o recover_v life_n and_o strength_n and_o the_o tartar_n seem_v whole_o restrain_v but_o though_o fortune_n seem_v to_o show_v a_o smile_a face_n for_o china_n again_o the_o tartar_n make_v war_n again_o yet_o as_o her_o custom_n be_v she_o stand_v not_o long_o constant_a and_o stable_a for_o the_o tartarian_a king_n have_v dispatch_v his_o affair_n in_o tartary_n send_v present_o sixty_o thousand_o horse_n to_o besiege_v leaoyang_n again_o promise_v that_o himself_o in_o person_n will_v follow_v with_o great_a force_n it_o they_o beseige_fw-fr leaoyang_n and_o take_v it_o and_o this_o army_n take_v that_o strong_a city_n in_o the_o space_n of_o forty_o hour_n both_o party_n fight_v with_o such_o vigour_n and_o fierceness_n that_o thirty_o thousand_o of_o the_o garrison_n be_v kill_v and_o the_o tartar_n lose_v about_o twenty_o thousand_o of_o they_o nay_o the_o chineses_n affirm_v that_o they_o have_v never_o win_v the_o city_n have_v not_o the_o governor_n be_v corrupt_v by_o great_a promise_n of_o reward_n to_o open_v they_o one_o of_o the_o gate_n of_o the_o town_n but_o be_v it_o as_o it_o will_v the_o tartar_n win_v the_o town_n the_o viceroy_n hang_v himself_o for_o grief_n but_o the_o king_n visitor_n judge_v it_o unworthy_a to_o bestow_v the_o title_n of_o a_o king_n upon_o the_o barbarian_a enemy_n constancy_n reward_v by_o the_o enemy_n in_o admiration_n and_o reward_n of_o his_o constancy_n and_o fidelity_n obtain_v life_n and_o freedom_n but_o he_o know_v 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they_o return_v to_o their_o first_o residence_n in_o leaotung_n and_o from_o these_o time_n till_o the_o year_n 1636._o the_o event_n of_o their_o war_n be_v very_o various_a but_o in_o general_n we_o observe_v that_o the_o tartar_n can_v never_o fix_v a_o foot_n in_o china_n succeed_v the_o king_n of_o tartary_n die_v another_o succeed_v but_o they_o be_v present_o beat_v out_o again_o in_o this_o same_o year_n thienzungus_n king_n of_o the_o tartar_n die_v after_o who_o succeed_v his_o son_n zungteus_n father_n to_o he_o that_o now_o govern_v china_n of_o who_o we_o now_o must_v begin_v to_o treat_v this_o prince_n before_o his_o reign_n express_v much_o judgement_n in_o several_a occurrence_n mild_a zungteus_n the_o new_a king_n of_o tartary_n prudent_a &_o mild_a surpass_v all_o the_o king_n of_o tartary_n in_o humanity_n and_o oblige_a courtesy_n for_o when_o he_o be_v young_a he_o be_v send_v by_o his_o father_n into_o china_n where_o he_o live_v secret_o and_o learn_v the_o 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tartarian_n protection_n yea_o even_o before_o the_o strength_n of_o his_o formidable_a army_n and_o choose_v rather_o with_o his_o unparalleled_a fidelity_n to_o submit_v his_o head_n to_o a_o block_n by_o a_o unjust_a sentence_n than_o to_o abandon_v his_o country_n or_o once_o accuse_v the_o least_o default_n in_o his_o sovereign_n judgement_n fidelity_n ignatius_n his_o fidelity_n though_o prevent_v by_o very_o unjust_a impression_n he_o may_v perchance_o have_v sway_v the_o sovereign_a sceptre_n of_o china_n if_o he_o will_v have_v hearken_v to_o his_o soldier_n but_o he_o rather_o choose_v to_o die_v glorious_o than_o to_o be_v brand_v with_o the_o name_n of_o a_o traitor_n in_o posterity_n this_o man_n therefore_o after_o he_o have_v gain_v several_a victory_n against_o the_o tartar_n and_o recover_v many_o city_n from_o their_o possession_n so_o as_o he_o hope_v short_o whole_o to_o extirpate_v they_o out_o of_o china_n his_o soldier_n be_v long_o without_o pay_n seditious_o plunder_v and_o pillage_v a_o town_n which_o have_v ever_o be_v faithful_a to_o the_o k._n ignatius_n by_o several_a petition_n and_o remonstrance_n to_o the_o emperor_n have_v declare_v his_o want_n of_o money_n and_o their_o want_n of_o pay_n but_o because_o he_o feed_v not_o those_o venal_a soul_n that_o manage_v the_o business_n with_o money_n and_o present_n they_o always_o suppress_v his_o humble_a address_n for_o relief_n beside_o this_o man_n be_v a_o very_a pious_a christian_a he_o do_v nothing_o in_o his_o government_n piety_n ignatius_n his_o piety_n but_o what_o be_v conform_v to_o reason_n and_o justice_n which_o be_v the_o cause_n he_o incur_v the_o hatred_n of_o all_o the_o ancient_a prefect_n who_o usual_o receive_v bribe_n from_o the_o contest_a party_n demand_v favour_n of_o ignatius_n for_o their_o client_n but_o it_o be_v in_o vain_a to_o intercede_v for_o any_o unless_o the_o justness_n of_o the_o cause_n do_v also_o balance_v their_o petition_n and_o these_o man_n attribute_v this_o proceed_n not_o to_o virtue_n but_o to_o his_o pride_n think_v themselves_o undervalue_v by_o he_o deal_v underhand_o with_o the_o prefect_n in_o the_o court_n to_o stop_v the_o army_n pay_v that_o so_o they_o may_v destroy_v this_o innocent_a man_n moreover_o he_o be_v envy_v the_o commander_n in_o the_o very_a court_n because_o he_o come_v to_o this_o eminent_a dignity_n by_o his_o own_o valour_n and_o industry_n which_o they_o imagine_v be_v only_o to_o be_v give_v to_o doctor_n and_o ignatius_n be_v but_o a_o bachelor_n as_o if_o the_o most_o learned_a must_v needs_o be_v also_o the_o most_o valorous_a in_o this_o conjuncture_n of_o affair_n the_o soldier_n not_o content_v with_o the_o seditious_a pillage_n see_v the_o most_o imminent_a danger_n hang_v over_o their_o most_o esteem_a and_o belove_a governor_n by_o reason_n of_o their_o folly_n they_o go_v about_o to_o persuade_v he_o to_o make_v himself_o king_n of_o that_o country_n nay_o more_o to_o take_v the_o whole_a empire_n to_o himself_o as_o a_o thing_n due_a to_o his_o prowess_n and_o merit_n promise_v their_o whole_a strength_n to_o effect_v the_o business_n and_o also_o to_o extirpate_v those_o man_n about_o the_o emperor_n that_o aim_v more_o to_o compass_v their_o malicious_a end_n than_o to_o promote_v the_o general_a affair_n of_o the_o empire_n but_o ignatius_n by_o pious_a admonition_n stave_v they_o off_o from_o further_a violence_n make_v they_o obedient_a and_o quiet_a command_v all_o to_o stand_v faithful_a to_o the_o emperor_n of_o china_n and_o punish_v the_o chief_a of_o that_o fedition_n this_o supreme_a act_n of_o fidelity_n deserve_v a_o better_a esteem_n and_o acceptance_n than_o that_o which_o be_v frame_v by_o the_o emperor_n and_o his_o court_n who_o slight_v this_o his_o allegiance_n send_v another_o viceroy_n in_o his_o place_n and_o command_v he_o to_o appear_v in_o court_n he_o than_o perceive_v they_o aim_v at_o his_o life_n and_o the_o
advance_v the_o public_a good_a yet_o both_o party_n pretend_v the_o general_a good_a but_o both_o neglect_v it_o every_o party_n endeavour_v to_o extol_v and_o exalt_v his_o own_o creature_n into_o place_n of_o trust_n and_o power_n all_o which_o when_o zunchinius_n the_o emperor_n go_v about_o to_o redress_v he_o exasperate_v the_o mind_n of_o many_o of_o the_o commander_n against_o he_o for_o as_o soon_o as_o he_o come_v to_o the_o crown_n he_o cruel_o persecute_v all_o that_o favour_v the_o eunuch_n and_o in_o fine_a kill_v this_o very_a eunuch_n which_o have_v be_v his_o predecessor_n favourite_n together_o with_o many_o more_o of_o his_o kind_n of_o which_o tragedy_n i_o will_v only_o relate_v the_o catastrophe_n the_o emperor_n zungchinius_n resolve_v to_o destroy_v both_o the_o eunuch_n and_o all_o his_o power_n send_v he_o a_o order_n to_o go_v visit_v the_o tomb_n of_o his_o ancestor_n to_o consider_v if_o any_o of_o those_o ancient_a monument_n want_v reparation_n the_o eunuch_n can_v not_o refuse_v so_o honourable_a a_o employment_n which_o seem_v rather_o a_o addition_n to_o all_o his_o honour_n but_o he_o have_v not_o go_v far_o upon_o his_o journey_n but_o there_o be_v present_v to_o he_o from_o the_o emperor_n a_o box_n of_o silver_n gilt_n with_o a_o halter_n of_o silk_n fold_v up_o in_o it_o by_o which_o he_o understand_v he_o be_v to_o hang_v himself_o by_o the_o emperor_n order_n which_o he_o can_v not_o refuse_v be_v that_o kind_n of_o death_n among_o the_o chinese_n be_v count_v honourable_a when_o it_o be_v accompany_v with_o such_o formality_n but_o by_o this_o occasion_n the_o emperor_n raise_v new_a faction_n and_o more_o traitor_n which_o hold_v secret_a correspondence_n with_o the_o thief_n army_n hence_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o no_o army_n be_v send_v to_o oppose_v they_o or_o if_o any_o go_v they_o do_v no_o manner_n of_o action_n be_v always_o hinder_v by_o the_o emulation_n of_o other_o nay_o it_o happen_v often_o that_o 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