a_o discovery_n of_o the_o true_a cause_n why_o ireland_n be_v never_o entire_o subdue_v nor_o bring_v under_o obedience_n of_o the_o crown_n of_o england_n until_o the_o beginning_n of_o his_o majesty_n happy_a reign_n print_a for_o john_n jaggard_n dwell_v within_o temple_n bar_n at_o the_o sign_n of_o the_o hand_n and_o star_n 1612._o dedicate_v to_o the_o king_n by_o his_o majesty_n attorney_n general_n of_o ireland_n principis_fw-la est_fw-la virtus_fw-la maxima_fw-la nôsse_fw-la svos_fw-la a_o discovery_n of_o the_o true_a cause_n why_o ireland_n be_v never_o entire_o subdue_v and_o bring_v under_o obedience_n of_o the_o crown_n of_o england_n until_o the_o beginning_n of_o his_o majesty_n happy_a reign_n during_o the_o time_n of_o my_o service_n in_o ireland_n which_o begin_v in_o the_o first_o year_n of_o his_o majesty_n reign_n i_o have_v visit_v all_o the_o province_n of_o that_o kingdom_n in_o sundry_a journey_n and_o circuit_n wherein_o i_o have_v observe_v the_o good_a temperature_n of_o the_o air_n the_o fruittâ—iness_n of_o the_o soil_n the_o pleasant_a and_o commodious_a seat_n for_o habitation_n the_o safe_a and_o large_a port_n and_o haven_n lie_v open_a for_o traffic_n into_o all_o the_o west_n part_n of_o the_o world_n the_o long_a inlet_n of_o many_o navigable_a river_n and_o so_o many_o great_a lake_n and_o fresh_a pond_n within_o the_o land_n as_o the_o like_a be_v not_o to_o be_v see_v in_o any_o part_n of_o europe_n the_o rich_a fishing_n and_o wild_a fowl_n of_o all_o kind_n and_o last_o the_o body_n and_o mind_n of_o the_o people_n endue_v with_o extraordinary_a ability_n of_o nature_n the_o observation_n whereof_o have_v breed_v in_o i_o some_o curiosity_n to_o consider_v what_o be_v the_o true_a cause_n why_o this_o kingdom_n whereof_o our_o king_n of_o england_n have_v bear_v the_o title_n of_o sovereign_a lord_n for_o the_o space_n of_o four_o hundred_o and_o odd_a year_n a_o period_n of_o time_n wherein_o diverse_a great_a 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&_o defect_n in_o both_o realm_n as_o cause_v almost_o a_o impossibility_n that_o thing_n shall_v have_v be_v otherwise_o then_o they_o be_v the_o defect_n which_o hinder_v the_o perfection_n conquest_n of_o the_o conquest_n of_o ireland_n be_v of_o two_o kind_n and_o consist_v first_o in_o the_o faint_a prosecution_n of_o the_o war_n and_o next_o in_o the_o looseness_n of_o the_o civil_a government_n for_o the_o husbandman_n must_v first_o break_v the_o land_n before_o it_o be_v make_v capable_a of_o good_a seed_n and_o when_o it_o be_v thorough_o break_v and_o manure_v if_o he_o do_v not_o forth_o with_o cast_n good_a seed_n into_o it_o it_o will_v grow_v wild_a again_o and_o bear_v nothing_o but_o weed_n so_o a_o barbarous_a country_n must_v be_v first_o break_v by_o a_o war_n before_o it_o will_v be_v capable_a of_o good_a government_n and_o when_o it_o be_v full_o subdue_v and_o conquer_v if_o it_o be_v not_o well_o plant_v and_o govern_v after_o the_o conquest_n it_o will_v eftsoons_a return_v to_o the_o former_a barbarism_n touch_v the_o carriage_n of_o the_o martial_a war_n affair_n from_o the_o seventeen_o year_n of_o king_n henry_n the_o second_o when_o the_o first_o overture_n be_v make_v for_o the_o conquest_n of_o ireland_n i_o mean_v the_o first_o after_o the_o norman_a conquest_n of_o england_n until_o the_o nine_o and_o thirtith_a year_n of_o queen_n elizabeth_n when_o that_o royal_a army_n be_v send_v over_o to_o suppress_v tirones_fw-la rebellion_n which_o make_v in_o the_o end_n a_o universal_a and_o absolute_a conquest_n of_o all_o the_o irishrie_n it_o be_v most_o certain_a that_o the_o english_a force_n send_v hither_o or_o raise_v here_o from_o time_n to_o time_n be_v ever_o too_o weak_a to_o subdue_v and_o master_v so_o many_o warlike_a nation_n or_o sept_n 〈◊〉_d the_o irish_a as_o do_v possess_v this_o island_n and_o beside_o their_o weakness_n they_o be_v ill_o pay_v and_o worse_o govern_v and_o if_o at_o any_o time_n there_o come_v over_o anarmy_a of_o competent_a strength_n and_o power_n it_o do_v rather_o terrify_v then_o break_v and_o subdue_v this_o people_n be_v ever_o break_v and_o dissolve_v by_o some_o one_o accident_n or_o other_o before_o the_o perfection_n of_o the_o conquest_n for_o that_o i_o call_v a_o perfect_a conquest_n of_o a_o country_n which_o do_v reduce_v all_o the_o conquest_n people_n thereof_o to_o the_o condition_n of_o subject_n and_o those_o i_o call_v subject_n which_o be_v govern_v by_o the_o ordinary_a law_n and_o magistrate_n of_o the_o sovereign_n for_o though_o the_o prince_n do_v bear_v the_o title_n of_o sovereign_a lord_n of_o a_o entire_a country_n as_o our_o king_n do_v of_o all_o ireland_n yet_o if_o there_o be_v two_o three_o part_n of_o that_o country_n wherein_o he_o can_v punish_v treason_n murder_n or_o theft_n unless_o he_o send_v a_o army_n to_o do_v it_o if_o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o his_o ordinary_a court_n of_o justice_n do_v not_o extend_v into_o those_o part_n to_o protect_v the_o people_n from_o wrong_n &_o oppression_n if_o he_o have_v no_o certain_a revennew_n no_o escheat_n or_o forfeyture_n out_o of_o the_o same_o i_o can_v just_o say_v that_o such_o a_o country_n be_v whole_o conquer_v first_o then_o that_o we_o may_v judge_v and_o second_o discern_v whether_o the_o english_a force_n in_o ireland_n be_v at_o any_o time_n of_o sufficient_a strength_n to_o make_v a_o full_a and_o final_a conquest_n of_o that_o land_n let_v we_o see_v what_o extraordinary_a army_n have_v be_v transmit_v out_o of_o england_n thither_o and_o what_o ordinary_a force_n have_v be_v maintain_v there_o and_o what_o service_n they_o have_v perform_v from_o time_n to_o time_n since_o the_o seaventeenth_o year_n of_o king_n henry_n the_o second_o in_o that_o year_n mac_n murugh_n lord_n of_o second_o leinster_n be_v oppress_v by_o the_o lord_n of_o meth_n and_o conaght_n and_o expel_v out_o of_o â—…s_n territory_n move_v king_n henry_n the_o second_o to_o invade_v ireland_n and_o make_v a_o overture_n unto_o he_o for_o the_o obtain_n of_o the_o sovereign_a lordship_n thereof_o the_o king_n refuse_v to_o undertake_v the_o war_n himself_o to_o avoid_v the_o charge_n as_o king_n henry_n the_o seven_o refuse_v to_o undertake_v the_o discovery_n of_o the_o indies_n for_o the_o same_o cambrenfis_n cause_n but_o he_o give_v licence_n by_o his_o letter_n patent_n that_o such_o of_o his_o subject_n may_v pass_v over_o into_o ireland_n as_o will_v at_o their_o own_o charge_n become_v adventurer_n in_o that_o enterprise_n so_o as_o the_o first_o attempt_n to_o conquer_v this_o gentleman_n kingdom_n be_v but_o a_o adventure_n of_o a_o few_o private_a gentleman_n fitz-stephen_n &_o fitz-girald_a first_o break_v the_o ice_n with_o a_o party_n of_o three_o hundred_o ninety_o man_n the_o earl_n strongbow_n follow_v they_o with_o twelve_o hundred_o more_o who_o good_a success_n upon_o
according_a to_o the_o example_n before_o recite_v they_o have_v reduce_v as_o well_o the_o irish_a country_n as_o the_o english_a colony_n under_o one_o form_n of_o civil_a government_n as_o now_o they_o be_v the_o mere_n &_o bound_n of_o the_o march_n and_o border_n have_v be_v long_o since_o wear_v out_o and_o forget_v for_o it_o be_v not_o fit_a as_o cambrensis_fw-la write_v that_o a_o king_n of_o a_o island_n expugnata_fw-la shall_v have_v any_o march_n or_o border_n but_o the_o four_o sea_n both_o nation_n have_v be_v in_o corporated_a and_o unite_v ireland_n have_v be_v entire_o conquer_a plant_v and_o improove_v and_o return_v a_o rich_a revennew_n to_o the_o crown_n of_o england_n the_o next_o error_n in_o the_o civil_a policy_n distribute_v which_o hinder_v the_o perfection_n of_o the_o conquest_n of_o ireland_n do_v consist_v in_o the_o distribution_n of_o the_o land_n and_o possession_n which_o be_v win_v and_o conquer_v from_o the_o irish._n for_o the_o scope_n of_o land_n which_o be_v grant_v to_o the_o first_o adventurer_n be_v too_o large_a and_o the_o liberty_n and_o royalty_n which_o they_o obtain_v therein_o be_v too_o great_a for_o subject_n though_o it_o stand_v with_o reason_n that_o they_o shall_v be_v reward_v liberal_o out_o of_o the_o fruit_n of_o their_o own_o labour_n since_o they_o do_v militare_fw-la proprijs_fw-la stipendijs_fw-la and_o receive_v no_o pay_n from_o the_o crown_n of_o england_n notwithstanding_o there_o ensue_v diverse_a inconuience_n that_o give_v great_a impediment_n to_o the_o conquest_n first_o the_o earl_n strongbow_n be_v entitle_v large_a to_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n of_o leinster_n partly_o by_o invasion_n and_o partly_o by_o marriage_n albeit_o he_o surrender_v the_o same_o entire_o to_o king_n henry_n the_o second_o his_o sovereign_n for_o that_o with_o his_o licence_n he_o come_v over_o and_o with_o the_o aid_n of_o his_o subject_n he_o have_v gain_v that_o great_a inheritance_n yet_o do_v the_o k._n expugnata_fw-la re-grant_a back_n again_o to_o he_o and_o his_o heir_n all_o that_o province_n reserve_v only_o the_o city_n of_o dublin_n &_o the_o cantred_n next_o adjoin_v with_o the_o maritime_a 104._o town_n and_o principal_a fort_n &_o castle_n next_o the_o same_o king_n grant_v to_o robert_n fitz-stephen_n and_o miles_n cogan_n the_o whole_a kingdom_n of_o cork_n from_o lismore_n to_o the_o sea_n to_o philip_n le_fw-fr bruce_n he_o 38._o give_v the_o whole_a kingdom_n of_o limericke_n with_o the_o donation_n and_o byshoppricke_n and_o abbey_n except_o the_o city_n and_o one_o cantre_v of_o land_n adjoin_v 1._o to_o sir_n hugh_n de_fw-fr lacie_n all_o meth._n 109_o to_o sir_n john_n de_fw-fr courcy_n all_o ulster_n to_o william_n burke_n fitz-adelm_a the_o great_a part_n 19_o of_o conaght_n in_o like_a manner_n sir_n thomas_n de_fw-fr clare_n obtain_v a_o grant_n of_o all_o thomond_n and_o otho_n de_fw-fr grandison_n of_o all_o 29_o tipperary_n and_o robert_n le_fw-fr poer_n of_o the_o territory_n of_o waterford_n the_o city_n itself_o and_o the_o cantre_v of_o the_o oastmen_n only_o expug_n except_v and_o thus_o be_v all_o ireland_n cantonize_v among_o ten_o person_n of_o nation_n the_o english_a nation_n and_o though_o they_o have_v not_o gain_v the_o possession_n of_o one_o three_o part_n of_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n yet_o in_o title_n they_o be_v owner_n and_o lord_n of_o all_o so_o as_o nothing_o be_v leave_v to_o be_v grant_v to_o the_o native_n and_o therefore_o we_o do_v not_o find_v in_o any_o record_n or_o story_n for_o the_o space_n of_o three_o hundred_o year_n after_o these_o adventurer_n first_o arrive_v in_o ireland_n that_o any_o irish_a lord_n 2._o obtain_v a_o grant_n of_o his_o country_n from_o the_o crown_n but_o only_o the_o king_n of_o thomond_n who_o have_v a_o grant_n but_o during_o king_n henry_n the_o three_o his_o minority_n and_o rotherick_n o_o connor_n king_n of_o conaght_n to_o who_o king_n henry_n the_o second_o before_o 302._o this_o distribution_n make_v do_v grant_v as_o 31._o be_v before_o declare_v ut_fw-la sit_fw-la rex_fw-la sub_fw-la eo_fw-la &_o moreover_o ut_fw-la teneat_fw-la terram_fw-la svam_fw-la conactiae_fw-la it_o a_o be_v &_o inpace_n sicut_fw-la tenuit_fw-la antequam_fw-la dominus_fw-la rex_fw-la intravet_fw-la hiberniam_fw-la and_o 18._o who_o successor_n in_o the_o 24._o of_o henry_n the_o three_o when_o the_o bourkes_n have_v make_v a_o strong_a plantation_n there_o &_o have_v welny_o expel_v he_o out_o of_o his_o territory_n he_o come_v over_o into_o england_n as_o matth._n three_o paris_n write_v and_o make_v complaint_n to_o king_n henry_n the_o three_o of_o this_o invasion_n make_v by_o the_o bourkes_n upon_o his_o land_n insist_v upon_o the_o gâ—auntes_n of_o king_n henry_n the_o second_o and_o king_n john_n and_o affirm_v that_o he_o have_v due_o pay_v a_o yearly_a tribute_n of_o five_o thousand_o mark_n for_o his_o kingdom_n whereupon_o the_o king_n call_v unto_o he_o the_o lord_n maurice_n fitz-girald_a who_o be_v then_o lord_n justice_n of_o ireland_n and_o precedent_n in_o the_o court_n and_o command_v he_o that_o he_o shall_v root_v out_o that_o unjust_a plantation_n which_o hubert_n earl_n of_o kent_n have_v in_o the_o time_n of_o his_o greatness_n plant_v in_o those_o part_n and_o write_v withal_o to_o the_o great-man_n of_o ireland_n to_o remove_v the_o bourkes_n and_o to_o establish_v the_o king_n of_o conaght_n in_o the_o quiet_a possession_n of_o his_o kingdom_n howbeit_o i_o do_v not_o read_v that_o the_o king_n of_o england_n commandment_n or_o direction_n in_o this_o behalf_n be_v ever_o put_v in_o execution_n for_o the_o troth_n be_v richard_n de_fw-fr burgo_n have_v obtain_v 3_o a_o grant_n of_o all_o conaght_n after_o the_o death_n of_o the_o king_n of_o conaght_n then_o live_v for_o which_o he_o give_v a_o thousand_o pound_n as_o the_o record_n in_o the_o tower_n recite_v the_o three_o of_o henry_n 3._o clau_n 2._o and_o beside_o our_o great_a english_a lord_n can_v not_o endure_v that_o any_o king_n shall_v reign_v in_o ireland_n but_o themselves_o nay_o they_o can_v hardly_o endure_v that_o the_o crown_n of_o england_n itself_o shall_v have_v any_o jurisdiction_n or_o power_n over_o they_o for_o great_a many_o of_o these_o lord_n to_o who_o our_o king_n have_v grant_v these_o petty_a kingdom_n do_v by_o virtue_n and_o colour_n of_o these_o grant_n claim_n and_o exercise_n jura_n regalia_z within_o their_o territory_n insomuch_o time_n as_o there_o be_v no_o less_o they_o eight_o county_n palatine_n in_o ireland_n at_o one_o time_n for_o william_n martial_n earl_n of_o pembroke_n who_o marry_v the_o daughter_n and_o heir_n of_o strongbow_n be_v lord_n of_o all_o leynster_n have_v royal_a jurisdiction_n throughout_o all_o that_o province_n this_o great_a camden_n lord_n have_v five_o son_n and_o five_o daughter_n every_o of_o his_o son_n enjoy_v that_o seignory_n successive_o and_o yet_o all_o die_v without_o issue_n then_o this_o great_a lordship_n be_v break_v and_o divide_v &_o pertition_n make_v between_o the_o five_o daughter_n who_o be_v marry_v into_o the_o noble_a house_n of_o england_n the_o county_n of_o catherlogh_n be_v allot_v to_o the_o elder_a wexford_n to_o the_o second_o kilkenny_n to_o 28._o the_o three_o kildare_n to_o the_o four_o the_o great_a part_n of_o leix_n now_o call_v the_o queen_n county_n to_o the_o five_o in_o every_o of_o these_o portion_n the_o coparcener_n several_o exercise_v the_o same_o jurisdiction_n royal_a which_o the_o earl_n martial_n and_o his_o son_n have_v use_v in_o the_o whole_a province_n whereby_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v leinster_n that_o there_o be_v five_o county_n palatine_n erect_v in_o leinster_n then_o have_v the_o lord_n of_o meth_n the_o same_o royal_a liberty_n in_o all_o that_o territory_n the_o earl_n of_o ulster_n in_o all_o that_o province_n and_o the_o lord_n of_o desmond_n and_o kerry_n within_o that_o county_n dublin_n all_o these_o appear_v upon_o record_n and_o be_v all_o as_o ancient_a as_o the_o time_n of_o 28_o king_n john_n only_o the_o liberty_n of_o tipperarie_a which_o be_v the_o only_a liberty_n that_o remain_v at_o this_o day_n be_v grant_v to_o james_n butler_n the_o first_o earl_n of_o ormond_n in_o the_o three_o year_n of_o king_n edward_n the_o three_o these_o absolute_a palatine_n make_v baron_n &_o knight_n do_v exercise_v high_a justice_n in_o all_o point_n within_o their_o territory_n dublin_n erect_a court_n for_o criminal_a and_o civil_a cause_n and_o for_o their_o own_o revennew_n in_o the_o same_o form_n as_o the_o king_n court_n be_v establish_v at_o dub_v lin_v make_v their_o own_o judge_n seneshal_n sheriff_n corroner_n and_o escheator_n so_o as_o the_o king_n writ_n do_v not_o run_v in_o those_o county_n which_o take_v up_o more_o than_o two_o part_n of_o the_o english_a colony_n but_o only_a in_o the_o church_n land_n lie_v within_o the_o same_o which_o be_v
come_v to_o besiege_v bonratty_a in_o thomond_n which_o be_v then_o hold_v manuscript_n by_o sir_n richard_n de_fw-fr clare_n as_o his_o inheritance_n be_v again_o take_v prisoner_n &_o all_o his_o army_n consist_v for_o the_o most_o part_n of_o english_a overthrow_v and_o cut_v in_o piece_n by_o sir_n richard_n de_fw-fr clare_n and_o after_o this_o again_o in_o the_o year_n 1327._o most_o of_o the_o great_a house_n be_v band_v one_o against_o another_o viz_o the_o giraldine_n butler_n and_o breminghams_n on_o the_o one_o side_n and_o the_o bourkes_n &_o poer_n on_o the_o other_o the_o ground_n of_o the_o quarrel_n be_v none_o other_o but_o that_o the_o lord_n arnold_n poer_n have_v call_v the_o earl_n of_o kildare_n rhymer_n but_o this_o quarrel_n be_v prosecute_v with_o such_o malice_n and_o violence_n as_o the_o county_n of_o waterford_v and_o kilkenny_n be_v destroy_v with_o fire_n and_o sword_n till_o a_o parliament_n be_v call_v of_o purpose_n to_o quiet_a this_o dissension_n short_o after_o the_o lord_n john_n bremingham_n who_o be_v not_o long_o before_o make_v earl_n of_o louth_n for_o that_o notable_a service_n which_o he_o perform_v upon_o the_o scot_n between_o dundalke_n and_o the_o faher_n be_v so_o extreme_o envy_v by_o the_o gernons_n verdon_n and_o other_o of_o the_o ancient_a colony_n plant_v in_o the_o county_n of_o louth_n as_o that_o in_o the_o year_n 1329._o they_o do_v most_o wicked_o betray_v &_o murder_v that_o earl_n with_o diverse_a principal_a gentleman_n of_o his_o name_n and_o family_n use_v the_o same_o speech_n that_o the_o rebellious_a jew_n be_v say_v to_o use_v in_o the_o gospel_n nolumus_fw-la hunc_fw-la regnare_fw-la super_fw-la nos_fw-la after_o this_o the_o geraldine_n and_o the_o butler_n be_v become_v the_o most_o potent_a family_n in_o the_o kingdom_n for_o the_o great_a lordship_n of_o leinster_n be_v divide_v among_o coparcener_n who_o heir_n for_o the_o most_o part_n live_v in_o england_n and_o the_o earledom_n of_o ulster_n with_o the_o lordship_n of_o meth_n by_o the_o match_n of_o lionel_n duke_n of_o clarence_n at_o last_o descend_v upon_o the_o crown_n have_v almost_o a_o continual_a war_n one_o with_o another_o in_o the_o time_n of_o king_n henry_n the_o six_o say_v baron_n manuscript_n finglas_n in_o his_o discourse_n of_o the_o decay_n of_o ireland_n in_o a_o fight_n between_o the_o earl_n of_o ormond_n and_o desmond_n almost_o all_o the_o townsman_n of_o kilkenny_n be_v slay_v and_o as_o they_o follow_v contrary_a party_n during_o the_o war_n of_o york_n and_o lancaster_n so_o after_o that_o civil_a dissension_n end_v in_o england_n these_o house_n in_o ireland_n continue_v their_o opposition_n and_o feud_n still_o even_o till_o the_o time_n of_o k._n henry_n the_o eight_o when_o by_o the_o marriage_n of_o margaret_n fitz-girald_a to_o the_o earl_n of_o ossory_n the_o house_n of_o kildare_n and_o ormond_n be_v reconcile_v and_o have_v continue_v in_o amity_n ever_o since_o thus_o these_o great_a estate_n &_o royalty_n grant_v to_o the_o english_a lord_n in_o ireland_n beget_v pride_n and_o pride_n beget_v contention_n among_o themselves_o which_o bring_v forth_o diverse_a mischief_n that_o do_v not_o only_o disable_v the_o english_a to_o finish_v the_o conquest_n of_o all_o ireland_n but_o do_v endanger_v the_o loss_n of_o what_o be_v already_o gain_v and_o of_o conqueror_n make_v they_o slave_n to_o that_o nation_n which_o they_o do_v intend_v to_o conquer_v for_o whensoever_o one_o english_a lord_n have_v vanquish_v another_o the_o irish_a wait_v and_o take_v the_o opportunity_n &_o fall_v upon_o that_o country_n which_o have_v receive_v the_o blow_n and_o so_o daily_o recover_v some_o part_n of_o the_o land_n which_o be_v possess_v by_o the_o english_a colony_n beside_o the_o english_a lord_n to_o strengthen_v their_o party_n do_v ally_v themselves_o with_o the_o irish_a and_o draw_v they_o in_o to_o 4_o dwell_v among_o they_o give_v their_o child_n dublin_n to_o be_v foster_v by_o they_o and_o have_v no_o other_o mean_n to_o pay_v or_o reward_v they_o suffer_v they_o to_o take_v coin_n and_o livery_n upon_o the_o english_a freeholder_n which_o oppression_n be_v so_o intolerable_a as_o that_o the_o better_a sort_n be_v enforce_v to_o quit_v their_o freehold_n and_o fly_v into_o england_n &_o never_o return_v though_o many_o law_n be_v make_v in_o both_o realm_n to_o remaunde_v they_o back_o again_o and_o the_o rest_n which_o remain_v become_v degenerate_a and_o mere_a irish_a as_o be_v before_o declare_v and_o the_o english_a lord_n find_v the_o irish_a exaction_n to_o be_v more_o profitable_a than_o the_o english_a rent_n and_o service_n &_o love_v the_o irish_a tyranny_n which_o be_v tie_v to_o no_o rule_n of_o law_n or_o honour_n better_a than_o a_o just_a and_o lawful_a seignory_n do_v reject_v and_o cast_v off_o the_o english_a law_n and_o government_n receive_v the_o irish_a law_n and_o custom_n take_v irish_a surname_n as_o mac_n william_n mac_n pheris_n mac_n yoris_n manuscript_n refuse_v to_o come_v to_o the_o parliamente_n which_o be_v summon_v by_o the_o king_n of_o england_n authority_n and_o scorn_v to_o obey_v those_o english_a knight_n which_o be_v send_v to_o command_v and_o govern_v this_o kingdom_n namely_o sir_n richard_n capel_n sir_n john_n morris_n sir_n john_n darcie_n and_o sir_n ralph_n usford_v and_o when_o sir_n anthony_n lucy_n a_o man_n of_o great_a authority_n in_o the_o time_n of_o king_n edward_n the_o third_o be_v send_v over_o to_o reform_v the_o notorious_a abuse_n of_o this_o kingdom_n the_o king_n doubt_v that_o he_o shall_v not_o be_v obey_v 4_o direct_v a_o special_a writ_n or_o mandate_n to_o the_o earl_n of_o ulster_n and_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o nobility_n to_o assist_v he_o and_o afterward_o the_o same_o king_n upon_o good_a advice_n and_o counsel_n resume_v those_o excessive_a grant_n of_o land_n and_o liberty_n in_o ireland_n by_o a_o special_a ordinance_n make_v in_o england_n which_o remain_v of_o record_n in_o the_o tower_n in_o this_o form_n quia_fw-la plures_fw-la excessiâ—_n &_o donationes_fw-la terrarum_fw-la et_fw-la libertatum_fw-la in_o hibernia_n ad_fw-la subdolam_fw-la machinationem_fw-la 4_o petentium_fw-la factae_fw-la sunt_fw-la etc._n etc._n rex_fw-la deluserias_fw-la huiusmodo_fw-la machinationes_fw-la volens_fw-la elidere_fw-la de_fw-la consilio_fw-la peritorum_fw-la sibi_fw-la assistentium_fw-la omnes_fw-la donationes_fw-la terrarum_fw-la et_fw-la libertatum_fw-la predict_v duxit_fw-la revocandas_fw-la quousque_fw-la de_fw-la merit_n be_v donatariorun_v et_fw-la causis_fw-la ac_fw-la qualitatibus_fw-la donationum_fw-la melius_fw-la fuerit_fw-la informat_fw-la et_fw-la ideo_fw-la mandatum_fw-la est_fw-la justiciario_fw-la hiberniae_fw-la qd_n seisirifaciat_fw-la &c_n &c_n howbeit_o there_o follow_v upon_o this_o resumption_n such_o a_o division_n &_o faction_n between_o the_o english_a of_o birth_n &_o the_o english_a of_o blood_n and_o race_n as_o they_o summon_v &_o hold_v several_a parliament_n apart_o one_o from_o the_o other_o whereupon_o there_o have_v rise_v a_o general_a war_n betwixt_o they_o to_o the_o utter_a extinguish_n of_o the_o english_a name_n and_o nation_n in_o ireland_n if_o the_o earl_n of_o desmond_n who_o be_v head_n of_o the_o faction_n against_o the_o english_a camden_n of_o birth_n have_v not_o be_v send_v into_o england_n and_o detain_v there_o for_o a_o time_n yet_o afterwards_o these_o liberty_n be_v restore_v by_o direction_n out_o of_o england_n the_o 26._o of_o edw._n 3._o complaint_n be_v make_v to_o the_o king_n of_o the_o easy_a restitution_n whereunto_o the_o king_n make_v answer_v as_o be_v before_o express_v so_o as_o we_o may_v conclude_v this_o point_n with_o that_o which_o we_o find_v in_o the_o annalle_n publish_v by_o master_n camden_n hibernici_n debellati_fw-la &_o consumpti_fw-la fuissent_fw-la nisiseditio_fw-la anglicorum_n impedivisset_fw-la whereunto_o i_o may_v add_v this_o note_n that_o though_o some_o be_v of_o opinion_n that_o grant_v of_o extraordinary_a honour_n and_o liberty_n make_v by_o a_o king_n to_o his_o subject_n do_v no_o more_o diminish_v his_o greatness_n then_o when_o one_o torch_n light_v another_o for_o it_o have_v no_o less_o light_n than_o it_o have_v before_o quis_fw-la vetat_fw-la apposito_fw-la lumen_fw-la de_fw-la lumine_fw-la sumi_fw-la yet_o many_o time_n inconvenience_n do_v arise_v thereupon_o and_o those_o prince_n have_v hold_v up_o their_o sovereignty_n best_o which_o have_v be_v spare_v in_o those_o grant_n and_o true_o as_o these_o grant_n of_o little_a kingdom_n and_o great_a royalty_n to_o a_o few_o private_a person_n do_v produce_v the_o mischief_n speak_v of_o before_o so_o the_o true_a cause_n of_o the_o make_n of_o these_o charge_n grant_n do_v proceed_v from_o this_o that_o the_o king_n of_o england_n be_v otherwise_o employ_v and_o divert_v do_v not_o make_v the_o conquest_n of_o ireland_n their_o own_o work_n and_o undertake_v it_o not_o royal_o at_o their_o own_o charge_n but_o as_o it_o be_v first_o begin_v by_o particular_a
life_n deliver_v to_o shepherd_n to_o be_v nourish_v and_o breed_v up_o when_o they_o have_v be_v restore_v to_o their_o great_a fortune_n have_v still_o retain_v their_o love_n and_o affection_n to_o their_o fosterer_n who_o for_o many_o year_n they_o take_v to_o be_v their_o parent_n yet_o this_o be_v a_o rare_a case_n and_o few_o example_n be_v to_o be_v find_v thereof_o but_o such_o a_o general_a custom_n in_o a_o kingdom_n in_o give_v and_o take_v child_n to_o foster_n make_v such_o a_o firm_a alliance_n as_o it_o do_v in_o ireland_n be_v never_o see_v or_o hear_v of_o in_o any_o other_o country_n of_o the_o world_n beside_o the_o like_a may_v be_v say_v of_o gossipred_a or_o gossipred_a or_o compaternitie_n which_o though_o by_o the_o canon_n law_n it_o be_v a_o spiritual_a affinity_n and_o a_o juror_n that_o be_v gossip_n to_o either_o of_o the_o party_n may_v in_o former_a time_n have_v be_v challenge_v as_o not_o indifferent_a by_o our_o law_n yet_o there_o be_v no_o nation_n under_o the_o sun_n that_o ever_o make_v so_o religious_a account_n thereof_o as_o the_o irish._n now_o these_o two_o custom_n which_o of_o themselves_o be_v indifferent_a in_o other_o kingdom_n become_v exceed_v evil_a and_o full_a of_o mischief_n in_o this_o realm_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o inconvenience_n which_o follow_v thereupon_o for_o they_o make_v as_o i_o say_v before_o strong_a party_n and_o faction_n whereby_o the_o great_a man_n be_v enable_v to_o oppress_v their_o inferior_n and_o to_o oppose_v their_o equal_n and_o their_o follower_n be_v bear_v out_o and_o countenance_v in_o all_o their_o lewd_a and_o wicked_a action_n for_o fosterer_n &_o gossip_n by_o the_o common_a custom_n of_o ireland_n be_v to_o maintain_v one_o another_o in_o all_o cause_n lawful_a and_o unlawful_a which_o as_o it_o be_v a_o combination_n and_o confederacy_n punishable_a in_o all_o well-governed_n commonweal_n so_o be_v it_o not_o one_o of_o the_o least_o cause_n of_o the_o common_a misery_n of_o this_o kingdom_n i_o omit_v their_o common_a repudiation_n of_o their_o wife_n their_o promiscuous_a generation_n of_o child_n their_o neglect_n of_o lawful_a matrimony_n their_o uncleanness_n in_o apparel_n diet_n &_o lodging_n and_o their_o contempt_n and_o scorn_n of_o all_o thing_n necessary_a for_o the_o civil_a life_n of_o man_n these_o be_v the_o irish_a custom_n which_o the_o english_a colony_n do_v embrace_v and_o use_v after_o they_o have_v reject_v degenerate_a the_o civil_a and_o honourable_a law_n and_o custom_n of_o england_n whereby_o they_o become_v degenerate_a and_o metamorphose_v like_o nabuchadnezzar_n who_o although_o he_o have_v the_o face_n of_o a_o man_n have_v the_o heart_n of_o a_o beast_n or_o like_o those_o who_o have_v drink_v of_o circe_n cup_n and_o be_v turn_v into_o very_a beast_n and_o yet_o take_v such_o pleasure_n in_o their_o beastly_a manner_n of_o life_n as_o they_o will_v not_o return_v to_o their_o shape_n of_o man_n again_o insomuch_o as_o within_o less_o time_n than_o the_o age_n of_o a_o man_n they_o have_v no_o mark_n or_o difference_n leave_v among_o they_o of_o that_o noble_a nation_n from_o which_o they_o be_v descend_v for_o as_o they_o do_v not_o only_o forget_v the_o english_a language_n &_o scorn_v the_o use_n thereof_o but_o grow_v to_o be_v ashamed_a of_o their_o very_a english_a name_n though_o they_o be_v noble_a and_o of_o great_a antiquity_n and_o take_v irish_a surname_n and_o nicke-name_n namely_o the_o two_o most_o potent_a family_n of_o the_o bourks_n in_o conaght_n after_o the_o house_n of_o the_o red_a earl_n fail_v of_o heyres-males_a call_v their_o chiefs_n mac_n william_n eight_a and_o mac_n william_n oughter_n in_o the_o same_o province_n bremingham_n baron_n of_o athenrie_n call_v himself_o mac_n yoris_fw-la dexecester_n or_o de'exon_n be_v call_v mac_n jordan_n mangle_v or_o de_fw-mi angulo_n take_v the_o name_n of_o mac_n costelo_n of_o the_o inferior_a family_n of_o the_o bourkes_n one_o be_v call_v mac_n hubbard_n another_o mac_n david_n in_o munster_n of_o the_o great_a family_n of_o the_o geraldine_n plant_v there_o one_o be_v call_v mac_n morris_n chief_a of_o the_o house_n of_o lixnaw_n and_o another_o mac_n gibbon_n who_o be_v also_o call_v the_o white_a knight_n the_o chief_a of_o the_o baron_n of_o dunhoynes_n house_n who_o be_v a_o branch_n of_o the_o house_n of_o ormond_n take_v the_o surname_n of_o mac_n pheris_n condon_n of_o the_o county_n of_o waterford_v be_v call_v mac_n maioge_n and_o the_o archdeacon_n of_o the_o county_n of_o kilkenny_n mac_n odo_n and_o this_o they_o do_v in_o contempt_n and_o hatred_n of_o the_o english_a name_n and_o nation_n of_o these_o degenerate_a family_n become_v more_o mortal_a enemy_n than_o the_o mere_a irish._n and_o whereas_o the_o state_n and_o government_n be_v grow_v weak_a by_o their_o defection_n do_v to_o reduce_v they_o to_o obedience_n grant_v they_o many_o protection_n and_o pardon_n the_o cheapenesse_n whereof_o in_o all_o age_n have_v bring_v great_a dishonour_n and_o damage_n to_o this_o commonweal_n they_o grow_v so_o ungrateful_a and_o unnatural_a as_o in_o the_o end_n they_o scorn_v that_o grace_n &_o favour_n because_o the_o acceptance_n thereof_o do_v argue_v they_o to_o be_v subject_n and_o they_o desire_v rather_o to_o be_v account_v enemy_n than_o rebel_n to_o the_o crown_n of_o england_n hereupon_o be_v that_o old_a verse_n dublin_n make_v which_o i_o find_v write_v in_o the_o white_a book_n of_o the_o exchequer_n in_o a_o hand_n as_o ancient_a as_o the_o time_n of_o king_n edward_n the_o three_o by_o grant_v charter_n of_o pease_n to_o false_a english_a without_o les_fw-fr this_o land_n shall_v be_v mich_z undoo_v but_o gossipr_v and_o alterage_n and_o lose_v of_o our_o language_n have_v micke_o help_v thereto_o and_o therefore_o in_o a_o close_a roll_n in_o the_o tower_n bear_v this_o title_n articuli_fw-la in_o hibernia_n obseruandi_fw-la we_o find_v these_o two_o article_n among_o other_o 1._o justiciarius_fw-la hiberniae_fw-la non_fw-la concedat_fw-la perdonationes_fw-la de_fw-la morte_fw-la hominis_fw-la nec_fw-la de_fw-la roberijs_fw-la seu_fw-la incendijs_fw-la &_o quod_fw-la de_fw-la 25._o caetero_fw-la certificet_fw-la dominum_fw-la regem_fw-la de_fw-la nominibus_fw-la petentium_fw-la 2._o item_n quod_fw-la nec_fw-la justiciarius_fw-la nec_fw-la aliquis_fw-la magnas_fw-la hiberniae_fw-la concedat_fw-la protectiones_fw-la alicui_fw-la contra_fw-la pacem_fw-la regis_fw-la existent_n etc._n etc._n but_o now_o it_o be_v fit_a to_o look_v back_o and_o consider_v when_o the_o old_a english_a colony_n become_v so_o degenerate_a and_o in_o what_o age_n they_o fall_v away_o into_o that_o irish_a barbarism_n reject_v the_o english_a law_n and_o custom_n assure_o by_o compare_v degenerate_a the_o ancient_a annalle_n of_o lrelaud_n with_o the_o record_n remain_v here_o &_o in_o the_o tower_n of_o london_n i_o do_v find_v that_o this_o general_a defection_n fall_v out_o in_o the_o latter_a end_n of_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n edward_n the_o second_o and_o in_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n edward_n the_o third_o and_o all_o this_o great_a innovation_n grow_v within_o the_o space_n of_o thirty_o year_n within_o the_o compass_n of_o which_o time_n there_o fall_v out_o diverse_a mischievous_a accident_n whereby_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n be_v in_o a_o manner_n lose_v for_o first_o edward_z de_fw-fr bruce_n iceland_n invade_v ireland_n with_o the_o scottish_a army_n and_o prevail_v so_o far_o as_o that_o he_o possess_v the_o maritime_a part_n of_o ulster_fw-mi march_v up_o to_o the_o wall_n of_o dublin_n spoil_v the_o english_a pale_a pass_v through_o leinster_n and_o munster_n as_o far_o as_o limericke_n and_o be_v master_n of_o the_o field_n in_o every_o part_n of_o the_o kingdom_n this_o happen_v in_o the_o ten_o year_n of_o king_n edward_n the_o second_o at_o what_o time_n the_o crown_n of_o england_n be_v weak_a &_o suffer_v more_o dishonour_n in_o both_o kingdom_n than_o it_o do_v at_o any_o time_n since_o the_o norman_a conquest_n then_o do_v the_o state_n of_o england_n send_v over_o john_n de_fw-fr hotham_n camden_n to_o be_v treasurer_n here_o with_o commission_n to_o call_v the_o great_a lord_n of_o ireland_n to_o gether_o and_o to_o take_v of_o they_o a_o oath_n of_o assoacition_n that_o they_o shall_v loyal_o join_v together_o in_o life_n &_o death_n to_o preserve_v the_o right_n of_o the_o king_n of_o england_n and_o to_o expel_v the_o commonenemy_n but_o this_o treasurer_n bring_v neither_o man_n nor_o money_n to_o perform_v this_o service_n at_o that_o time_n though_o richard_n bourk_n earl_n of_o ulster_n common_o call_v the_o redde-earle_n be_v of_o great_a power_n than_o any_o other_o subject_n in_o ireland_n yet_o be_v he_o so_o far_o strike_v in_o year_n as_o that_o he_o be_v unable_a to_o manage_v the_o martial_a affair_n as_o he_o have_v do_v during_o all_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n edward_n the_o
have_v reject_v the_o english_a law_n and_o submit_v themselves_o to_o the_o irish_a with_o who_o they_o have_v many_o marriage_n kilkenny_n and_o alliance_n which_o tend_v to_o the_o utter_a ruin_n &_o destruction_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n therefore_o alliance_n by_o 2._o marriage_n nurture_n of_o infant_n and_o gossipr_v with_o the_o irish_a be_v by_o this_o statute_n make_v high-treason_n again_o if_o any_o 3._o man_n of_o english_a race_n shall_v use_v a_o irish_a name_n irish_a language_n or_o irish_a apparel_n or_o any_o other_o guise_n or_o fashion_n of_o the_o irish_a if_o he_o have_v land_n or_o tenement_n the_o same_o shall_v be_v seize_v till_o he_o have_v give_v security_n to_o the_o chancery_n to_o conform_v himself_o in_o all_o point_n to_o the_o english_a manner_n of_o live_v and_o if_o he_o have_v no_o land_n his_o body_n be_v to_o be_v take_v and_o imprison_v till_o he_o find_v surety_n as_o aforesaid_a again_o it_o be_v establish_v and_o command_v 4._o that_o the_o english_a in_o all_o their_o controversy_n shall_v be_v rule_v and_o govern_v by_o the_o common_a law_n of_o england_n and_o if_o any_o do_v submit_v himself_o to_o the_o brehon_n law_n or_o march_v law_n he_o shall_v be_v adjudge_v a_o traitor_n again_o because_o the_o english_a at_o that_o 10._o time_n make_v war_n and_o peace_n with_o the_o border_a enemy_n at_o their_o pleasure_n they_o be_v express_o prohibit_v to_o leafy_a war_n upon_o the_o irish_a without_o special_a warrant_n and_o direction_n from_o the_o state_n again_o it_o be_v make_v paenall_a to_o 12._o the_o english_a to_o permit_v the_o irish_a to_o creaght_n or_o graze_v upon_o their_o land_n to_o present_v they_o to_o ecclesiastical_a benefice_n 13._o to_o receive_v they_o into_o any_o 15._o monastery_n or_o religious_a house_n or_o to_o entertain_v any_o of_o their_o minstrel_n rhymer_n or_o newes-teller_n to_o impose_v 17._o or_o sesse_v any_o horse_n or_o footuppon_o the_o english_a subject_n against_o their_o will_n be_v make_v felony_n and_o because_o the_o 22._o great_a liberty_n or_o franchise_n speak_v of_o before_o be_v become_v sanctuary_n for_o all_o malefactor_n express_a power_n be_v give_v to_o the_o king_n sheriff_n to_o enter_v into_o all_o franchise_n and_o there_o to_o apprehend_v all_o felon_n and_o traitor_n and_o last_o because_o the_o great_a lord_n 24._o when_o they_o levy_v force_n for_o the_o public_a service_n do_v lay_v unequal_a burden_n upon_o the_o gentleman_n and_o freeholders_n it_o be_v ordain_v that_o four_o warden_n of_o the_o peace_n in_o every_o county_n shall_v set_v down_o and_o appoint_v what_o man_n and_o armour_n every_o man_n shall_v bear_v according_a to_o his_o freehold_n or_o other_o ability_n of_o estate_n these_o and_o other_o law_n tend_v english_a to_o a_o general_a reformation_n be_v enact_v in_o that_o parliament_n and_o the_o execution_n of_o these_o law_n together_o with_o the_o presence_n of_o the_o king_n son_n make_v a_o notable_a alteration_n in_o the_o state_n and_o manner_n of_o this_o people_n within_o the_o space_n of_o seven_o year_n which_o be_v the_o term_n of_o this_o prince_n lieutenancy_n for_o all_o the_o discourse_n that_o i_o have_v see_v of_o the_o decay_n of_o ireland_n do_v agree_v in_o this_o that_o the_o presence_n of_o the_o lord_n lionel_n and_o these_o statute_n of_o kilkenny_n do_v restore_v the_o english_a govern_v mean_v in_o the_o degenerate_a colony_n for_o diverse_a year_n and_o the_o statute_n of_o the_o 8_o ten_o of_o henry_n the_o seven_o which_o reviu_v and_o confirm_v the_o statute_n of_o kilkenny_n do_v confirm_v as_o much_o for_o it_o declare_v that_o as_o long_o as_o these_o law_n be_v put_v in_o we_o and_o execution_n this_o land_n continue_v in_o prosperity_n and_o honour_n and_o since_o they_o be_v not_o execute_v the_o subject_n rebel_v and_o digress_v from_o their_o allegiance_n and_o the_o land_n fall_v to_o ruin_n and_o desolation_n and_o withal_o we_o find_v the_o effect_n of_o these_o law_n in_o the_o pipe-rolle_n and_o plea-rolle_n of_o this_o kingdom_n for_o from_o the_o 36._o of_o edward_n 3._o when_o this_o prince_n enter_v into_o his_o government_n till_o the_o beginning_n of_o richard_n the_o second_o his_o reign_n we_o find_v the_o revenue_n of_o the_o crown_n both_o certain_a and_o casual_a in_o ulster_n munster_n and_o conaght_o account_v for_o and_o that_o the_o king_n writ_n do_v run_v and_o the_o common-law_n be_v execute_v in_o every_o of_o these_o province_n i_o join_v reformation_n with_o these_o law_n the_o personal_a presence_n of_o the_o king_n son_n as_o a_o concurrent_a cause_n of_o this_o reformation_n because_o the_o people_n of_o this_o land_n both_o english_a &_o irish_a out_o of_o a_o natural_a pride_n do_v ever_o love_n &_o desire_v to_o be_v govern_v by_o great_a person_n and_o reduce_v therefore_o i_o may_v here_o just_o take_v occasion_n to_o note_n that_o first_o the_o absence_n of_o the_o king_n of_o england_n and_o next_o the_o absence_n of_o those_o great_a lord_n who_o be_v inheritor_n of_o those_o mighty_a signory_n of_o leinster_n ulster_n conaght_n and_o meth_n have_v be_v main_a cause_n why_o this_o kingdom_n be_v not_o reduce_v in_o so_o many_o age_n touch_v the_o absence_n of_o our_o king_n king_n three_o of_o they_o only_o since_o the_o norman_a conquest_n have_v make_v royal_a journey_n into_o this_o land_n namely_o k._n henry_n the_o second_o king_n jobn_n and_o king_n richard_n the_o second_o and_o yet_o they_o no_o soon_o arrive_v here_o but_o that_o all_o the_o irishry_n as_o if_o they_o have_v be_v but_o one_o man_n submit_v themselves_o take_v oath_n of_o fidelity_n and_o give_v pledge_n &_o hostage_n to_o continue_v loyal_a and_o if_o any_o of_o those_o king_n have_v continue_v here_o in_o person_n a_o competent_a time_n till_o they_o have_v settle_v both_o english_a &_o irish_a in_o their_o several_a possession_n and_o have_v set_v the_o law_n in_o a_o due_a course_n throughout_o the_o kingdom_n these_o time_n wherein_o we_o live_v have_v not_o gain_v the_o honour_n of_o the_o final_a conquest_n and_o reduce_v of_o ireland_n for_o the_o king_n say_v solomon_n dissipat_v omne_fw-la malum_fw-la intuitu_fw-la svo_fw-la but_o when_o moses_n be_v absent_a in_o the_o mount_n the_o people_n commit_v idolatry_n &_o when_o there_o be_v no_o king_n in_o israel_n every_o man_n do_v what_o seem_v best_a in_o his_o own_o eye_n and_o therefore_o when_o alexander_n have_v conquer_v the_o east_n part_n of_o the_o world_n and_o demand_v of_o one_o what_o be_v the_o fit_a place_n for_o the_o seat_n of_o his_o empire_n he_o bring_v and_o lay_v a_o dry_a hide_n before_o he_o and_o desire_v he_o to_o set_v his_o foot_n on_o the_o one_o side_n thereof_o which_o be_v do_v all_o the_o other_o part_n of_o the_o hide_n do_v rise_v up_o but_o when_o he_o do_v set_v his_o foot_n in_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o hide_n all_o the_o other_o part_n lay_v flat_a and_o even_o which_o be_v a_o lively_a demonstration_n that_o if_o a_o prince_n keep_v his_o residence_n in_o the_o border_n of_o his_o dominion_n the_o remoate_n part_n will_v eafy_o rise_v and_o rebel_v against_o he_o but_o if_o he_o make_v the_o centre_n thereof_o his_o seat_n he_o shall_v easy_o keep_v they_o in_o peace_n and_o obedience_n touch_v the_o absence_n of_o the_o great_a lord_n lord_n all_o writer_n do_v impute_v the_o decay_n and_o loss_n of_o leinster_n to_o the_o absence_n of_o these_o english_a lord_n who_o marry_v the_o five_o daughter_n of_o william_n martial_n earl_n of_o pembroke_n to_o who_o that_o great_a seignory_n descend_v when_o his_o manuscript_n five_o son_n who_o inherit_v the_o same_o successive_o and_o during_o their_o time_n hold_v the_o same_o in_o peace_n &_o obedience_n to_o the_o law_n of_o england_n be_v all_o dead_a without_o issue_n which_o happen_v about_o the_o fortith_n year_n of_o king_n henry_n the_o three_o for_o the_o elder_a be_v marry_v to_o hugh_n bigot_n earl_n of_o norfolk_n who_o in_o right_n of_o his_o wife_n have_v the_o marshalship_n of_o england_n the_o second_o to_o warren_n de_fw-fr mounchensey_n who_o sole_a daughter_n and_o heir_n be_v match_v to_o william_n de_fw-fr valentia_n half_a brother_n to_o k._n henry_n 3._o who_o by_o that_o match_n be_v make_v earl_n of_o pembroke_n the_o three_o to_o gilbert_n de_fw-fr clare_n earl_n of_o gloucester_n the_o four_o to_o william_n ferrer_n earl_n of_o derby_n the_o five_o to_o william_n de_fw-fr bruce_n lord_n of_o brecknock_n these_o great_a lord_n have_v great_a inheritance_n in_o their_o own_o right_n in_o england_n than_o they_o have_v in_o ireland_n in_o right_a of_o their_o wife_n and_o yet_o each_o of_o the_o coparcener_n have_v a_o entire_a county_n allot_v for_o her_o purparty_n as_o be_v before_o declare_v can_v not_o be_v draw_v to_o make_v their_o personal_a
henry_n 7._o for_o albeit_o in_o the_o time_n of_o king_n henry_n 6._o richard_n duke_n of_o york_n a_o prince_n of_o the_o blood_n of_o great_a wisdom_n and_o valour_n and_o heir_n to_o a_o three_o part_n of_o the_o kingdom_n at_o least_o be_v earl_n of_o ulster_n and_o lord_n of_o conaght_n and_o meth_n be_v send_v the_o king_n lieutenant_n into_o ireland_n to_o recover_v and_o reform_v that_o realm_n where_o he_o be_v resident_a in_o person_n for_o the_o great_a part_n of_o 10._o year_n yet_o the_o troth_n be_v he_o aim_v at_o another_o mark_n which_o be_v the_o crown_n of_o england_n and_o therefore_o he_o think_v it_o no_o policy_n to_o distaste_n either_o the_o english_a or_o irish_a by_o a_o course_n of_o reformation_n but_o seek_v by_o all_o mean_n to_o please_v they_o and_o by_o popular_a course_n to_o steal_v away_o their_o heart_n to_o the_o end_n he_o may_v strengthen_v his_o party_n when_o he_o shall_v set_v on_o foot_n his_o title_n as_o be_v before_o declare_v which_o policy_n of_o his_o take_v such_o effect_n as_o that_o he_o draw_v over_o with_o he_o into_o england_n the_o flower_n of_o all_o the_o english_a colony_n special_o of_o ulster_n and_o meth_n whereof_o many_o nobleman_n and_o gentleman_n be_v slay_v with_o he_o at_o wakefield_n as_o be_v likewise_o before_o remember_v and_o after_o his_o death_n when_o the_o war_n between_o the_o house_n be_v in_o their_o heat_n almost_o all_o the_o good_a english_a blood_n which_o be_v leave_v in_o ireland_n be_v spend_v in_o those_o civil_a dissension_n so_o as_o the_o irish_a become_v victorious_a over_o all_o without_o blood_n or_o sweat_n only_o that_o little_a canton_n of_o land_n call_v the_o english_a pale_a contain_v 4._o small_a shire_n do_v maintain_v a_o border_a war_n with_o the_o irish_a and_o retain_v the_o form_n of_o english_a government_n but_o out_o of_o that_o little_a precinct_n there_o be_v no_o lord_n knight_n or_o burgess_n summon_v to_o the_o parliament_n neither_o do_v the_o king_n write_v run_v in_o any_o other_o part_n of_o the_o kingdom_n and_o yet_o upon_o the_o march_n &_o border_n which_o at_o that_o time_n be_v grow_v so_o large_a as_o they_o take_v up_o half_a dublin_n half_a meth_n and_o a_o three_o part_n of_o kildare_n and_o lowth_n there_o be_v no_o law_n in_o use_n but_o the_o marchlawe_n which_o in_o the_o statute_n of_o kilkenny_n be_v say_v to_o be_v no_o law_n but_o a_o lewd_a custom_n so_o as_o upon_o the_o end_n of_o these_o civil_a war_n in_o england_n the_o english_a law_n &_o government_n be_v well_o banish_v out_o of_o ireland_n so_o as_o no_o foot-steppe_n or_o print_n be_v leave_v of_o any_o former_a reformation_n then_o do_v king_n henry_n 7._o send_v over_o 7._o sir_n edward_n poynings_n to_o be_v his_o depuputy_n a_o right_a worthy_a servitor_n both_o in_o war_n and_o peace_n the_o principal_a end_n of_o his_o employment_n be_v to_o expel_v perkin_n warbeck_n out_o of_o this_o kingdom_n but_o that_o service_n be_v perform_v that_o worthy_a deputy_n find_v nothing_o but_o a_o common_a misery_n take_v the_o best_a course_n he_o possible_o can_v to_o establish_v a_o commonwealth_n in_o ireland_n and_o to_o that_o end_n he_o hold_v a_o parliament_n no_o less_o famous_a then_o that_o of_o kilkenny_n and_o more_o available_a for_o the_o reformation_n of_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n for_o whereas_o all_o wise_a man_n do_v ever_o concur_v in_o opinion_n that_o the_o ready_a way_n to_o reform_v ireland_n be_v to_o settle_v a_o form_n of_o civil_a government_n there_o conformable_a to_o that_o of_o england_n to_o bring_v this_o to_o pass_v sir_n edward_n poynings_n do_v pass_v a_o act_n whereby_o all_o the_o statute_n make_v in_o england_n before_o that_o time_n be_v enact_v establish_v and_o make_v of_o force_n in_o ireland_n neither_o do_v he_o only_o respect_v the_o time_n past_a but_o provide_v also_o for_o the_o time_n to_o come_v for_o he_o cause_v another_o law_n to_o be_v make_v that_o no_o act_n shall_v be_v propound_v in_o any_o parliament_n of_o ireland_n but_o such_o as_o shall_v be_v first_o transmit_v into_o england_n and_o approve_v by_o the_o king_n and_o counsel_n there_o act_n as_o good_a and_o expedient_a for_o that_o land_n and_o so_o return_v back_o again_o under_o the_o great_a seal_n of_o england_n this_o act_n though_o it_o seem_v prima_fw-la fancy_n to_o restrain_v the_o liberty_n of_o the_o subject_n of_o ireland_n yet_o be_v it_o make_v at_o the_o prayer_n of_o the_o commons_o upon_o just_a and_o important_a cause_n for_o the_o governor_n of_o that_o realm_n special_o such_o as_o be_v of_o that_o country_n birth_n have_v lay_v many_o oppression_n upon_o the_o commons_o and_o among_o the_o rest_n they_o have_v impose_v law_n upon_o they_o not_o tend_v to_o the_o general_a good_a but_o to_o serve_v private_a turn_n and_o to_o strengthen_v their_o particular_a faction_n this_o move_v they_o to_o refer_v all_o law_n that_o be_v to_o be_v pass_v in_o ireland_n to_o be_v consider_v correct_v and_o allow_v first_o by_o the_o state_n of_o england_n which_o have_v always_o be_v tender_a &_o careful_a of_o the_o good_a of_o this_o people_n and_o have_v long_o since_o make_v they_o a_o civil_a rich_a and_o happy_a nation_n if_o their_o own_o lord_n and_o governor_n there_o have_v not_o send_v bad_a intelligence_n into_o england_n beside_o this_o he_o take_v special_a order_n that_o the_o summons_n of_o parliament_n shall_v go_v into_o all_o the_o shire_n of_o ireland_n and_o not_o to_o the_o four_o shire_n only_o and_o for_o that_o cause_n special_o he_o cause_v all_o the_o act_n of_o a_o parliament_n late_o before_o hold_v by_o the_o viscount_n of_o gormanston_n to_o be_v repeal_v and_o make_v void_a moreover_o that_o the_o parliamente_n of_o ireland_n may_v want_v no_o descent_n or_o honourable_a form_n that_o be_v use_v in_o england_n he_o cause_v a_o particular_a act_n to_o pass_v that_o the_o lord_n of_o ireland_n shall_v appear_v in_o the_o like_a parliament_n robe_n as_o the_o english_a lord_n be_v wont_a to_o wear_v in_o the_o parliament_n of_o england_n have_v thus_o establish_v all_o the_o statute_n of_o england_n in_o ireland_n and_o set_v in_o order_n the_o great_a counsel_n of_o that_o realm_n he_o do_v not_o omit_v to_o pass_v other_o law_n aswell_o for_o the_o increase_n of_o the_o king_n revenue_n as_o the_o preservation_n of_o the_o public_a peace_n to_o advance_v the_o profit_n of_o the_o crown_n first_o he_o obtain_v a_o subsidy_n of_o 26._o s._n 8._o d._n out_o of_o every_o six_o score_n acre_n manure_v payable_a yearly_a for_o 5._o year_n next_o he_o resume_v all_o the_o crown_n land_n which_o have_v be_v alien_v for_o the_o most_o part_n by_o richard_n duke_n of_o york_n &_o last_o he_o procure_v a_o subsidy_n of_o pondage_n out_o of_o all_o merchandize_n import_v &_o export_v to_o be_v grant_v to_o the_o crown_n in_o perpetuity_n to_o preserve_v the_o public_a peace_n he_o revive_v the_o statute_n of_o kilkenny_n he_o make_v wilful_a murder_n high-treason_n he_o cause_v the_o marcher_n to_o book_n their_o man_n for_o who_o they_o shall_v answer_v and_o restrain_v the_o make_v war_n or_o peace_n without_o special_a commission_n from_o the_o state_n these_o law_n and_o other_o as_o important_a as_o these_o for_o the_o make_n of_o a_o commonwealth_n in_o ireland_n be_v make_v in_o the_o government_n of_o sir_n edward_n poynings_n but_o these_o law_n do_v not_o spread_v their_o virtue_n beyond_o the_o english_a pale_a though_o they_o be_v make_v general_o for_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n for_o the_o province_n without_o the_o pale_a which_o during_o the_o war_n of_o york_n and_o lancaster_n have_v whole_o cast_v off_o the_o english_a government_n be_v not_o apt_a to_o receive_v this_o seed_n of_o reformation_n because_o they_o be_v not_o first_o break_v and_o master_v again_o with_o the_o sword_n beside_o the_o irish_a country_n which_o contain_v two_o three_o part_n of_o the_o kingdom_n be_v not_o reduce_v to_o shire-ground_n so_o as_o in_o they_o the_o law_n of_o england_n can_v not_o possible_o be_v put_v in_o execution_n therefore_o these_o good_a law_n &_o provision_n make_v by_o sir_n edward_n poynings_n be_v like_o good_a lesson_n set_v for_o a_o lute_n that_o be_v break_v and_o out_o of_o tune_n of_o which_o lesson_n little_a use_n can_v be_v make_v till_o the_o lute_n be_v make_v fit_a to_o be_v play_v upon_o and_o that_o the_o execution_n of_o all_o these_o law_n have_v no_o great_a latitude_n than_o the_o pale_a be_v manifest_a by_o the_o statute_n of_o 13._o of_o henry_n 8._o c._n 3._o which_o recite_v that_o at_o that_o time_n the_o king_n law_n be_v obey_v and_o execute_v in_o the_o four_o shire_n only_o and_o yet_o then_o be_v the_o earl_n of_o surrey_n lieutenant_n of_o
that_o the_o weak_a shall_v have_v no_o dependency_n upon_o the_o strong_a last_o he_o prevail_v so_o much_o with_o the_o great_a of_o they_o namely_o o_o neale_n o_o brien_n and_o mac_n william_n as_o that_o they_o willing_o do_v pass_v into_o england_n and_o present_v themselves_o to_o the_o king_n who_o thereupon_o be_v please_v to_o advance_v they_o to_o the_o degree_n and_o honour_n of_o earl_n &_o to_o grant_v unto_o they_o their_o several_a country_n by_o letter_n patent_n beside_o that_o they_o may_v learn_v obedience_n and_o civility_n of_o manner_n by_o often_o repair_v unto_o the_o state_n the_o k._n upon_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o same_o deputy_n give_v each_o of_o they_o a_o house_n and_o land_n near_o dublin_n for_o the_o entertainment_n of_o their_o several_a train_n this_o course_n do_v this_o governor_n take_v to_o reform_v the_o irishry_n but_o withal_o he_o do_v not_o omit_v to_o advance_v both_o the_o honour_n and_o profit_n of_o the_o king_n for_o in_o the_o parliament_n which_o he_o hold_v the_o 33._o of_o henry_n 8._o he_o cause_v a_o act_n to_o pass_v which_o give_v unto_o k._n henry_n 8._o his_o heir_n and_o successor_n the_o name_n stile_n and_o title_n of_o king_n of_o ireland_n whereas_o before_o that_o time_n the_o king_n of_o england_n be_v style_v but_o lord_n of_o ireland_n albeit_o indeed_o they_o be_v absolute_a monarch_n thereof_o and_o have_v in_o right_a all_o royal_a &_o imperial_a jurisdiction_n &_o power_n there_o as_o they_o have_v in_o the_o realm_n of_o england_n and_o yet_o because_o in_o the_o vulgar_a conceit_n the_o name_n of_o king_n be_v high_a than_o the_o name_n of_o lord_n assure_o the_o assume_v of_o this_o title_n have_v not_o a_o little_a raise_v the_o sovereignty_n of_o the_o k._n of_o england_n in_o the_o mind_n of_o this_o people_n last_o this_o deputy_n bring_v a_o great_a augmentation_n to_o the_o king_n revenue_n by_o dissolve_v of_o all_o the_o monastery_n and_o religious_a house_n in_o ireland_n which_o be_v do_v in_o the_o same_o parliament_n &_o afterward_o by_o procure_v min_n and_o cavendish_n two_o skilful_a auditor_n to_o be_v send_v over_o out_o of_o england_n who_o take_v a_o exact_a survey_n of_o all_o the_o possession_n of_o the_o crown_n and_o bring_v many_o thing_n into_o charge_n which_o have_v be_v conceal_v and_o substract_v for_o many_o year_n before_o and_o thus_o far_o do_v sir_n anthony_n saint-leger_n proceed_v in_o the_o course_n of_o reformation_n which_o though_o it_o be_v a_o good_a beginning_n yet_o be_v it_o far_o from_o reduce_v ireland_n to_o the_o perfect_a obedience_n of_o the_o crown_n of_o england_n for_o all_o this_o while_n the_o province_n of_o conaght_n and_o ulster_n and_o a_o good_a part_n of_o leinster_n be_v not_o reduce_v to_o shire-ground_n and_o though_o monster_n be_v ancient_o divide_v into_o county_n the_o people_n be_v so_o degenerate_a as_o no_o justice_n of_o assize_n dare_v execute_v his_o commission_n among_o they_o none_o of_o the_o irish_a lord_n or_o tenant_n be_v settle_v in_o their_o possession_n by_o any_o grant_v or_o confirmation_n from_o the_o crown_n except_o the_o three_o great_a earl_n before_o name_v who_o notwithstanding_o do_v govern_v their_o tenant_n and_o follower_n by_o the_o irish_a or_o brehon_n law_n so_o as_o no_o treason_n murder_n rape_n or_o theft_n commit_v in_o those_o country_n be_v inquire_v of_o or_o punish_v by_o the_o law_n of_o england_n and_o consequent_o no_o escheat_n forfeiture_n or_o fine_a no_o revenue_n certain_a or_o casual_a do_v accrue_v to_o the_o crown_n out_o of_o those_o province_n the_o next_o worthy_a governor_n that_o mary_n endeavour_v to_o advance_v this_o reformation_n be_v thomas_n earl_n of_o sussex_n who_o have_v thorough_o break_v and_o subdue_v the_o two_o most_o rebellious_a and_o powerful_a irish_a sept_n in_o leinster_n namely_o the_o moor_n &_o o_o connors_n possess_v mariae_fw-la the_o territory_n of_o leix_n &_o offaly_n do_v by_o act_n of_o parliament_n 3._o &_o 4._o phil._n &_o mariae_fw-la reduce_v those_o country_n into_o two_o several_a county_n name_v the_o one_o the_o king_n and_o the_o other_o the_o queen_n county_n which_o be_v the_o first_o two_o county_n that_o have_v be_v make_v in_o this_o kingdom_n since_o the_o twelve_o year_n of_o king_n john_n at_o what_o time_n the_o territory_n they_o possess_v by_o the_o english_a colony_n be_v reduce_v into_o 12._o shire_n as_o be_v before_o express_v this_o noble_a earl_n have_v thus_o extend_v the_o jurisdiction_n of_o the_o english_a law_n into_o two_o county_n more_o be_v not_o satisfy_v with_o that_o addition_n but_o take_v a_o resolution_n to_o divide_v all_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o irish_a country_n unreduce_v into_o several_a shire_n and_o to_o that_o end_n he_o cause_v a_o act_n to_o pass_v in_o the_o same_o parliament_n authorise_v the_o lord_n chancellor_n from_o time_n to_o time_n to_o award_v commission_n to_o such_o person_n as_o the_o lord_n deputy_n shall_v nominate_v and_o appoint_v to_o view_v and_o perambulate_v those_o irish_a territory_n and_o thereupon_o to_o divide_v and_o limit_v the_o same_o into_o such_o and_o so_o many_o several_a county_n as_o they_o shall_v think_v meet_a which_o be_v certify_v to_o the_o lord_n deputy_n and_o approve_v by_o he_o shall_v be_v return_v and_o enroll_v in_o the_o chancery_n and_o from_o thenceforth_o be_v of_o like_a force_n and_o effect_n as_o if_o it_o be_v do_v by_o act_n of_o parliament_n thus_o do_v the_o earl_n of_o sussex_n lay_v open_a a_o passage_n for_o the_o civil_a government_n into_o the_o unreformed_a part_n of_o this_o kingdom_n but_o himself_o proceed_v no_o further_a than_o be_v before_o declare_v howbeit_o afterwards_o during_o the_o elizabeth_n reign_n of_o queen_n elizabeth_n sir_n henry_n sidney_n who_o have_v leave_v behind_o he_o many_o monument_n of_o a_o good_a governor_n in_o this_o land_n do_v not_o only_o pursue_v that_o course_n which_o the_o earl_n of_o sussex_n begin_v in_o reduce_v the_o irish_a country_n into_o shire_n and_o place_v therein_o sheriff_n and_o other_o minister_n of_o the_o law_n for_o first_o he_o make_v the_o annaly_n a_o territory_n in_o leynster_n possess_v by_o the_o sept_n of_o offerralles_n one_o entire_a shire_n by_o itself_o and_o call_v it_o the_o county_n of_o longford_n and_o after_o that_o he_o divide_v the_o whole_a province_n of_o conaght_n into_o six_o county_n more_o namely_o clare_n which_o contain_v all_o thomond_n gallaway_n sligo_n mayo_n roscomon_n and_o leytrim_n but_o he_o also_o have_v cause_v diverse_a good_a law_n to_o be_v make_v &_o perform_v sundry_a other_o service_n tend_v great_o to_o the_o reformation_n of_o this_o kingdom_n for_o first_o to_o diminish_v the_o greatness_n of_o the_o irish_a lord_n and_o to_o take_v from_o they_o the_o dependency_n of_o the_o common_a people_n in_o the_o parliament_n which_o he_o hold_v 11._o eliz._n he_o do_v abolish_v their_o pretend_a and_o usurp_a captain-ship_n and_o all_o exaction_n and_o extortion_n incident_a thereunto_o next_o to_o settle_v their_o signory_n &_o possession_n in_o a_o course_n of_o inheritance_n according_a to_o the_o course_n of_o the_o common_a law_n he_o cause_v a_o act_n to_o pass_v whereby_o the_o lord_n deputy_n be_v authorise_v to_o accept_v their_o surrender_n and_o to_o re-grant_a estate_n unto_o they_o to_o hold_v of_o the_o crown_n by_o english_a tenor_n and_o service_n again_o because_o the_o inferior_a sort_n be_v loose_a and_o poor_a and_o not_o amesnable_a to_o the_o law_n he_o provide_v by_o another_o act_n that_o five_o of_o the_o best_a &_o elder_a person_n of_o every_o sept_n shall_v bring_v in_o all_o the_o idle_a person_n of_o their_o surname_n to_o be_v justify_v by_o the_o law_n moreover_o to_o give_v a_o civil_a education_n to_o the_o youth_n of_o this_o land_n in_o the_o time_n to_o come_v provision_n be_v make_v by_o another_o law_n that_o there_o shall_v be_v one_o free-school_n at_o least_o erect_v in_o every_o diocese_n of_o the_o kingdom_n and_o last_o to_o inure_v and_o acquaint_v the_o people_n of_o monster_n and_o conaght_n with_o the_o english_a government_n again_o which_o have_v not_o be_v in_o use_n among_o they_o for_o the_o space_n of_o 200._o year_n before_o he_o institute_v two_o presidency_n court_n in_o those_o two_o province_n place_v sir_n edward_n fitton_n in_o conaght_n and_o sir_n john_n perrot_n in_o monster_n to_o augment_v the_o king_n revennew_n in_o the_o same_o parliament_n upon_o the_o attainder_n of_o shane_n o_o neale_n he_o resume_v &_o vest_v in_o the_o crown_n more_o than_o half_a the_o province_n of_o ulster_n he_o raise_v the_o custom_n upon_o the_o principal_a commodity_n of_o the_o kingdom_n he_o reform_v the_o abuse_n of_o the_o exchequer_n by_o many_o good_a order_n and_o instruction_n send_v out_o of_o england_n and_o last_o he_o
year_n of_o age_n the_o other_o when_o he_o be_v king_n in_o the_o 12._o year_n of_o his_o reign_n in_o the_o first_o his_o own_o youth_n and_o his_o youthful_a company_n roboam_v câ—…sellours_n make_v he_o hazard_v the_o loss_n of_o all_o that_o his_o father_n have_v win_v but_o in_o the_o late_a he_o show_v a_o resolution_n to_o recover_v the_o entire_a kingdom_n in_o take_v the_o submission_n of_o all_o the_o irishry_n and_o settle_v the_o estate_n of_o the_o english_a and_o give_v order_n for_o the_o build_n of_o many_o castle_n and_o fort_n whereof_o some_o remain_n until_o this_o day_n but_o he_o come_v to_o the_o crown_n of_o england_n by_o a_o defeasible_a title_n so_o as_o he_o be_v never_o well_o settle_v in_o the_o heart_n of_o the_o people_n which_o draw_v he_o the_o soon_o back_o out_o of_o ireland_n into_o england_n where_o short_o after_o he_o fall_v into_o such_o trouble_n and_o distress_n the_o clergy_n curse_v he_o on_o the_o one_o side_n and_o the_o baron_n rebel_a against_o he_o on_o the_o other_o as_o he_o become_v so_o far_o unable_a to_o return_v to_o the_o conquest_n of_o ireland_n as_o beside_o the_o forfeiture_n of_o the_o territory_n in_o france_n he_o do_v in_o a_o manner_n loose_v both_o the_o kingdom_n for_o he_o surrender_v both_o to_o the_o pope_n and_o take_v they_o back_o again_o to_o hold_v in_o fee-farm_n which_o bring_v he_o into_o such_o hatred_n at_o home_n and_o such_o contempt_n abroad_o as_o all_o his_o life_n time_n after_o he_o be_v possess_v rather_o with_o fear_n of_o lose_v his_o head_n then_o with_o hope_n of_o reduce_v the_o kingdom_n of_o ireland_n during_o the_o infancy_n of_o henry_n the_o 3._o 3_o the_o baron_n be_v trouble_v in_o expel_v the_o french_a who_o they_o have_v draw_v in_o against_o king_n john_n but_o this_o prince_n be_v no_o soon_o come_v to_o his_o maiority_n but_o the_o baron_n raise_v a_o long_a and_o cruel_a war_n against_o he_o into_o these_o trouble_a water_n the_o bishop_n of_o rome_n do_v cast_v their_o net_n and_o draw_v away_o all_o the_o wealth_n of_o the_o realm_n by_o their_o provision_n and_o infinite_a exaction_n whereby_o the_o kingdom_n be_v so_o impoverish_v as_o the_o king_n be_v scarce_o able_a to_o feed_v his_o own_o household_n and_o train_n much_o less_o to_o nourish_v army_n for_o the_o conquest_n of_o foreign_a kingdom_n and_o albeit_o he_o have_v give_v this_o land_n to_o the_o lord_n edward_n his_o elder_a son_n yet_o can_v not_o that_o worthy_a prince_n ever_o find_v mean_n or_o opportunity_n to_o visit_v this_o kingdom_n in_o person_n for_o from_o the_o time_n he_o be_v able_a to_o bear_v arm_n he_o serve_v continual_o against_o the_o baron_n by_o who_o he_o be_v take_v prisoner_n at_o the_o battle_n of_o lewes_n and_o when_o that_o rebellion_n be_v appease_v he_o make_v a_o journey_n to_o the_o holy_a land_n a_o employment_n which_o in_o those_o day_n divert_v all_o christian_a prince_n from_o perform_v any_o great_a action_n in_o europe_n from_o whence_o he_o be_v return_v when_o the_o crown_n of_o england_n descend_v upon_o he_o this_o king_n edward_n the_o first_o who_o be_v 1_o a_o prince_n adorn_v with_o all_o virtue_n do_v in_o the_o manage_v of_o his_o affair_n show_v himself_o a_o right_n good_a husband_n who_o be_v owner_n of_o a_o lordship_n ill_o husband_v do_v first_o enclose_v &_o manure_v his_o demesne_n near_o his_o principal_a house_n before_o he_o do_v improve_v his_o waste_n a_o sarre_n off_o therefore_o he_o begin_v first_o to_o establish_v the_o commonwealth_n of_o england_n by_o make_v many_o excellent_a law_n and_o institute_v the_o form_n of_o public_a justice_n which_o remain_v to_o this_o day_n next_o he_o full_o subdue_v and_o reduce_v the_o dominion_n of_o wales_n then_o by_o his_o power_n and_o authority_n he_o settle_v the_o kingdom_n of_o scotland_n and_o last_o he_o send_v a_o royal_a army_n into_o gascoigne_n to_o recover_v the_o duchy_n of_o aquitaâ—…_n these_o four_o great_a action_n do_v take_v up_o all_o the_o reign_n of_o this_o prince_n and_o therefore_o we_o find_v not_o in_o any_o record_n that_o this_o king_n transmit_v any_o force_n into_o ireland_n but_o on_o the_o other_o side_n we_o find_v it_o record_v dublin_n both_o in_o the_o annalle_n and_o in_o the_o pipe-rolle_n of_o this_o kingdom_n that_o three_o several_a camden_n army_n be_v raise_v of_o the_o king_n subject_n in_o ireland_n and_o transport_v one_o into_o scotland_n another_o into_o wales_n and_o the_o three_o into_o gascoigne_n and_o that_o several_a aid_n be_v levy_v here_o for_o the_o set_n forth_o of_o those_o army_n the_o son_n and_o successor_n of_o this_o excellent_a 2_o prince_n be_v edward_n the_o second_o who_o much_o against_o his_o will_n send_v one_o small_a army_n into_o ireland_n not_o with_o a_o purpose_n to_o finish_v the_o conquest_n but_o to_o guard_v the_o person_n of_o his_o minion_n piers_n gaveston_n who_o be_v banish_v out_o of_o england_n be_v make_v lieutenant_n of_o ireland_n that_o so_o his_o exile_n may_v seem_v more_o honourable_a he_o be_v no_o soon_o arrive_v here_o but_o he_o make_v a_o journey_n into_o the_o mountain_n of_o dublin_n brake_n and_o subdue_v the_o rebel_n there_o build_v newcastle_n in_o the_o girn_n country_n and_o repair_v castle_n camder_n kevin_n &_o after_o pass_v up_o into_o monster_n and_o thomond_n perform_v every_o dublin_n where_o great_a service_n with_o much_o virtue_n and_o valour_n but_o the_o king_n who_o can_v not_o live_v without_o he_o revoke_v he_o within_o less_o than_o a_o year_n after_o which_o time_n the_o invasion_n of_o the_o scot_n and_o rebellion_n of_o the_o baron_n do_v not_o only_o disable_v this_o king_n to_o be_v a_o conqueror_n but_o deprive_v he_o both_o of_o his_o kingdom_n and_o life_n and_o when_o the_o scottish_a nation_n have_v overrun_v all_o this_o land_n under_o the_o conduct_n of_o edward_n le_fw-fr bruce_n who_o style_v himself_o king_n of_o ireland_n england_n be_v not_o then_o able_a to_o send_v either_o man_n or_o money_n to_o save_v this_o kingdom_n only_o roger_n de_fw-fr mortimer_n then_o justice_n of_o ireland_n arrive_v at_o cliun_n youghall_n cum_fw-la 38._o milite_fw-la say_v friar_n cliw_n in_o his_o annalle_n but_o bremingham_n verdon_n stapleton_n &_o some_o other_o private_a gentleman_n rose_z out_o with_o the_o commons_o of_o meth_n and_o vriell_n and_o at_o fagher_n near_o dondalke_n a_o fatal_a place_n to_o the_o enemy_n of_o the_o crown_n of_o england_n overthrow_v a_o potent_a army_n of_o they_o et_fw-la sic_fw-la say_v the_o red_a book_n of_o the_o exchequer_n wherein_o the_o dublin_n victory_n be_v brief_o record_v per_fw-la manus_fw-la communis_fw-la populi_fw-la &_o dextram_fw-la dei_fw-la deliberatur_fw-la populus_fw-la dei_fw-la a_o seruitute_fw-la machinata_fw-la &_o praecogitata_fw-la in_o the_o time_n of_o king_n edward_n the_o three_o 3_o the_o impediment_n of_o the_o conquest_n of_o ireland_n be_v so_o notorious_a as_o i_o shall_v not_o need_v to_o express_v they_o to_o wit_n the_o war_n which_o the_o king_n have_v with_o the_o realm_n of_o scotland_n and_o of_o france_n but_o especial_o the_o war_n of_o france_n which_o be_v almost_o continual_a for_o the_o space_n of_o forty_o year_n and_o indeed_o france_n be_v a_o fair_a mark_n to_o shoot_v at_o than_o ireland_n &_o can_v better_o reward_v the_o conqueror_n beside_o it_o be_v a_o inheritance_n new_o descend_v upon_o the_o king_n and_o therefore_o he_o have_v great_a reason_n to_o bend_v all_o his_o power_n and_o spend_v all_o his_o time_n and_o treasure_n in_o the_o recovery_n thereof_o and_o this_o be_v the_o true_a cause_n why_o edward_n the_o three_o send_v no_o army_n into_o ireland_n till_o the_o 36._o year_n of_o his_o reign_n when_o the_o lord_n lionel_n bring_v over_o a_o regiment_n of_o 1500._o man_n as_o be_v before_o express_v which_o that_o wise_a and_o warlike_a prince_n do_v not_o transmit_v as_o a_o competent_a power_n to_o make_v a_o full_a conquest_n but_o as_o a_o honourable_a retinue_n for_o his_o son_n and_o withal_o to_o enable_v he_o to_o recover_v some_o part_n of_o his_o earldom_n of_o ulster_n which_o be_v then_o overrun_v with_o the_o irish._n but_o on_o the_o other_o part_n though_o the_o english_a colony_n be_v much_o degenerate_a in_o this_o king_n time_n and_o have_v lose_v a_o great_a part_n of_o their_o possession_n yet_o lie_v at_o the_o siege_n of_o calais_n he_o send_v for_o a_o supply_n of_o man_n out_o of_o ireland_n which_o be_v transport_v under_o the_o conduct_n of_o the_o camden_n earl_n of_o kildar_n and_o fulco_n de_fw-fr la_fw-fr freyn_n in_o the_o year_n 1347._o and_o now_o be_v we_o come_v again_o to_o the_o 2_o time_n of_o king_n richard_n the_o second_o who_o for_o the_o first_o ten_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n be_v a_o minor_a and_o much_o
many_o year_n together_o yet_o the_o sundry_a rebellion_n join_v with_o foreign_a invasion_n upon_o this_o island_n whereby_o it_o be_v in_o danger_n to_o be_v utter_o lose_v &_o to_o be_v possess_v by_o the_o enemy_n of_o the_o crown_n of_o england_n do_v quicken_v her_o majesty_n care_n for_o the_o preservation_n thereof_o and_o to_o that_o end_n from_o time_n to_o time_n during_o her_o reign_n she_o send_v over_o such_o supply_n of_o man_n and_o treasure_n as_o do_v suppress_v the_o rebel_n and_o repel_v the_o invader_n howbeit_o before_o the_o transmit_n of_o the_o last_o great_a army_n the_o force_n send_v over_o by_o queen_n elizabeth_n be_v not_o of_o sufficient_a power_n to_o break_v and_o subdue_v all_o the_o irishry_n and_o to_o reduce_v and_o reform_v the_o whole_a kingdom_n but_o when_o the_o general_a defection_n come_v which_o come_v not_o without_o a_o special_a providence_n for_o the_o final_a good_a of_o that_o kingdom_n though_o the_o second_o cause_n thereof_o be_v the_o faint_a prosecution_n of_o the_o war_n against_o tyrone_n the_o practice_n of_o priest_n and_o jesuit_n &_o the_o expectation_n of_o the_o aid_n from_o spain_n then_o the_o extreme_a peril_n of_o lose_v the_o kingdom_n the_o dishonour_n &_o danger_n that_o may_v thereby_o grow_v to_o the_o crown_n of_o england_n together_o with_o a_o just_a disdain_n conceive_v by_o that_o great-minded_n queen_n that_o so_o wicked_a and_o ungrateful_a a_o rebel_n shall_v prevail_v against_o she_o who_o have_v ever_o be_v victorious_a against_o all_o her_o enemy_n do_v move_v and_o almost_o enforce_v she_o to_o send_v over_o that_o mighty_a army_n and_o do_v withal_o inflame_v the_o heart_n of_o the_o subject_n of_o england_n cheerful_o to_o contribute_v to_o ward_n the_o maintain_v thereof_o a_o million_o of_o sterling_a pound_n at_o least_o which_o be_v do_v with_o a_o purpose_n only_o to_o save_a and_o not_o to_o gain_v a_o kingdom_n to_o keep_v and_o retain_v that_o sovereignty_n which_o the_o crown_n of_o england_n have_v in_o ireland_n such_o as_o it_o be_v and_o not_o to_o recover_v a_o more_o absolute_a dominion_n but_o as_o it_o fall_v out_o many_o time_n that_o when_o a_o house_n be_v on_o fire_n the_o owner_n to_o save_v it_o from_o burn_a pull_v it_o down_o to_o the_o ground_n but_o that_o pull_v down_o do_v give_v occasion_n of_o build_v it_o up_o again_o in_o a_o better_a form_n so_o these_o last_o war_n which_o to_o save_v the_o kingdom_n do_v utter_o break_v &_o destroy_v this_o people_n produce_v a_o better_a effect_n than_o be_v at_o first_o expect_v for_o every_o rebellion_n when_o it_o be_v suppress_v do_v make_v the_o subject_n weak_a and_o the_o prince_n strong_a so_o this_o general_a revolt_n when_o it_o be_v overcome_v do_v produce_v a_o general_a obedience_n &_o reformation_n of_o all_o the_o irishrie_n which_o ever_o before_o have_v be_v disobedient_a &_o unreform_v &_o thereupon_o ensue_v the_o final_a and_o full_a conquest_n of_o ireland_n and_o thus_o much_o may_v suffice_v to_o be_v speak_v touch_v the_o defect_n in_o the_o martial_a affair_n and_o the_o weak_a &_o faint_a prosecution_n of_o the_o war_n and_o of_o the_o several_a impediment_n or_o employment_n which_o do_v hinder_v or_o divert_v every_o king_n of_o england_n successive_o from_o reduce_v ireland_n to_o their_o absolute_a subjection_n it_o now_o remain_v that_o we_o show_v government_n the_o defect_n of_o the_o civil_a policy_n &_o government_n which_o gaveno_fw-it less_o impediment_n to_o the_o perfection_n of_o this_o conquest_n the_o first_o of_o that_o kind_n do_v consist_v irish._n in_o this_o that_o the_o crown_n of_o england_n do_v not_o from_o the_o beginning_n give_v law_n to_o the_o irishry_n whereas_o to_o give_v law_n to_o a_o conquer_a people_n be_v the_o principal_a mark_n and_o effect_n of_o a_o perfect_a conquest_n for_o albeit_o king_n henry_n the_o second_o before_o his_o return_n out_o of_o ireland_n hold_v a_o counsel_n or_o parliament_n at_o lissemore_n vbi_fw-la leges_fw-la angliae_fw-la ab_fw-la omnibus_fw-la sunt_fw-la gratanter_fw-la receptae_fw-la &_o juratoria_n cautione_n 121._o prastita_fw-la confirmatae_fw-la as_o march_n paris_n write_v and_o though_o king_n john_n in_o the_o 12._o year_n of_o his_o reign_n do_v establish_v the_o b._n english_a law_n and_o custom_n here_o and_o place_v sheriff_n and_o other_o minister_n to_o rule_v and_o govern_v the_o people_n according_a to_o the_o law_n of_o england_n and_o to_o that_o end_n ipse_fw-la duxit_fw-la secum_fw-la viros_fw-la discretos_fw-la &_o legis_fw-la peritos_fw-la quorum_fw-la communi_fw-la consilio_fw-la 3._o statuit_fw-la &_o praecepit_fw-la leges_fw-la anglicanas_fw-la teneri_fw-la in_o hibernia_n etc._n etc._n as_o we_o find_v it_o record_v among_o the_o patent_n roll_n in_o the_o tower_n 11._o hen._n 3._o m._n 3._o though_o likewise_o king_n henry_n the_o three_o do_v grant_v &_o transmit_v the_o like_a charter_n of_o liberty_n to_o his_o subject_n of_o ireland_n as_o himself_o and_o his_o father_n have_v grant_v to_o the_o subject_n of_o england_n as_o appear_v by_o another_o record_v in_o the_o tower_n 1._o hen_n 3._o pat._n m._n 13._o and_o afterward_o by_o a_o special_a writ_n do_v command_v the_o lord_n justice_n of_o ireland_n quod_fw-la convocatis_fw-la archiepiscopis_fw-la episcopis_fw-la comitibus_fw-la baronibus_fw-la etc._n etc._n coram_fw-la eye_n legi_fw-la faceret_fw-la chartam_fw-la regis_fw-la johannis_n quam_fw-la ipse_fw-la fecit_fw-la &_o iurari_fw-la à _fw-la magnatibus_fw-la hiberniae_fw-la de_fw-la legibus_fw-la &_o constitutionibus_fw-la angliae_fw-la obseruandis_fw-la &_o quod_fw-la leges_fw-la illas_fw-la tencant_v &_o obseruent_fw-la 12._o hen._n 3._o claus._n m._n 8._o and_o after_o that_o again_o the_o same_o king_n by_o letter_n patent_n under_o the_o great_a seal_n of_o england_n do_v confrime_n the_o establishment_n of_o the_o english_a law_n make_v by_o king_n john_n in_o this_o form_n quia_fw-la pro_fw-la communi_fw-la utilitate_fw-la terrae_fw-la hiberniae_fw-la ac_fw-la unitate_fw-la terrarum_fw-la de_fw-la communi_fw-la consilio_fw-la provisum_fw-la sit_fw-la quod_fw-la omnes_fw-la leges_fw-la &_o consuetudines_fw-la quae_fw-la in_o regno_fw-la angliae_fw-la tenentur_fw-la in_fw-la hiberniâ_fw-la teneantur_fw-la &_o eadem_fw-la terra_fw-la eiusdem_fw-la legibus_fw-la subiaceat_fw-la ac_fw-la per_fw-la easdem_fw-la regatur_fw-la sicut_fw-la iâ—hanes_n rex_fw-la cumiliuc_fw-la esset_fw-la statuit_fw-la &_o firmiter_fw-la mandavit_fw-la ideo_fw-la volumus_fw-la quod_fw-la omne_fw-la brevia_fw-la de_fw-la communi_fw-la jure_fw-la quae_fw-la currunt_fw-la in_o anglia_fw-it similiter_fw-la currant_n in_o 20._o hibernia_n sub_fw-la novo_fw-la sigillo_fw-la nostro_fw-la etc._n etc._n teste_fw-la meipso_fw-la apud_fw-la woodstock_n etc._n etc._n which_o confirmation_n be_v find_v among_o the_o patentrolle_v in_o the_o tower_n anno_fw-la 30._o hen._n 3._o notwithstanding_o it_o be_v evident_a by_o all_o the_o record_n of_o this_o kingdom_n that_o only_o the_o english_a colony_n and_o some_o few_o sept_n of_o the_o irishry_n which_o be_v england_n enfranchise_v by_o special_a charter_n be_v admit_v to_o the_o benefit_n and_o protection_n of_o the_o law_n of_o england_n and_o that_o the_o irish_a general_o be_v hold_v and_o repute_v alien_n or_o rather_o enemy_n to_o the_o crown_n of_o england_n insomuch_o as_o they_o be_v not_o only_o disable_v to_o bring_v any_o action_n but_o they_o be_v so_o far_o out_o of_o the_o protection_n of_o the_o law_n as_o it_o be_v often_o adjudge_v no_o felony_n to_o kill_v a_o mere_a irishman_n in_o the_o time_n of_o peace_n that_o the_o mere_a irish_a be_v repute_v alien_n alien_n appear_v by_o sundry_a record_n wherein_o judgement_n be_v demand_v if_o they_o shall_v be_v answer_v in_o action_n bring_v by_o they_o and_o likewise_o by_o the_o charter_n of_o denization_n which_o in_o all_o age_n be_v purchase_v by_o they_o in_o the_o common_a plea-rolle_n of_o 28._o edward_n the_o three_o which_o be_v yet_o perserue_v in_o breminghams_n tower_n this_o case_n be_v adjudge_v simon_n neal_n bring_v a_o action_n of_o trespass_n against_o william_n newlagh_n dublin_n for_o break_v his_o close_n in_o claudalkin_n in_o the_o county_n of_o dublin_n the_o defendant_n do_v plead_v that_o the_o plaintiff_n be_v hibernicus_n &_o non_fw-fr de_fw-fr quinque_fw-la sanguinibus_fw-la and_o demand_v judgement_n if_o he_o shall_v be_v answer_v the_o plaintiff_n reply_v quod_fw-la ipse_fw-la est_fw-la de_fw-la quinque_fw-la sanguinibus_fw-la viz_o de_fw-fr les_fw-fr oneiles_n de_fw-fr vlton_n qui_fw-la per_fw-la concessionem_fw-la progenitorum_fw-la domini_fw-la regis_fw-la libertatibus_fw-la anglicis_fw-la gaudere_fw-la debent_fw-la &_o utuntur_fw-la &_o proliberis_fw-la hominibus_fw-la reputantur_fw-la the_o defendant_n rejoin_v that_o the_o plaintiff_n be_v not_o of_o the_o oneales_n of_o ulster_n nec_fw-la de_fw-la quinque_fw-la sanguinibus_fw-la and_o thereupon_o they_o be_v at_o issue_n which_o be_v find_v for_o the_o plaintiff_n he_o have_v judgement_n to_o recover_v his_o damage_n against_o the_o defendant_n by_o this_o record_n it_o appear_v that_o five_o principal_a blood_n or_o sept_n of_o the_o irishry_n be_v
imprison_v &_o judge_v as_o a_o traitor_n and_o that_o hereafter_o there_o be_v no_o diversity_n of_o ligeance_n between_o the_o english_a bear_v in_o ireland_n and_o the_o english_a bear_v in_o england_n but_o that_o all_o be_v call_v and_o repute_v english_a and_o the_o liege_n of_o our_o sovereign_a lord_n the_o king_n etc._n etc._n this_o law_n be_v make_v only_o to_o reform_v the_o degenerate_a english_a but_o there_o be_v no_o care_n take_v for_o the_o reformation_n of_o the_o mere_a irish_a no_o ordinance_n no_o provision_n make_v for_o the_o abolish_n of_o their_o barbarous_a custom_n and_o manner_n insomuch_o as_o the_o law_n then_o make_v for_o apparel_n and_o ride_v in_o saddle_n after_o the_o english_a fashion_n be_v penal_a only_o to_o english_a man_n &_o not_o to_o the_o irish._n but_o the_o roman_a state_n which_o conquer_v so_o many_o nation_n both_o barbarous_a conquer_v and_o civil_a and_o therefore_o know_v by_o experience_n the_o best_a and_o ready_a way_n of_o make_v a_o perfect_a &_o absolute_a conquest_n refuse_v not_o to_o communicate_v their_o law_n to_o the_o rude_a &_o barbarous_a people_n who_o they_o have_v conquer_a neither_o do_v they_o put_v they_o out_o of_o their_o protection_n after_o they_o have_v once_o submit_v themselves_o but_o contrariwise_o it_o be_v say_v of_o julius_n caesar_n quadratus_n vicit_fw-la victos_fw-la protegit_fw-la ille_fw-la manu_fw-la and_o again_o of_o another_o emperor_n fecisti_fw-la patriam_fw-la diversis_fw-la gentibus_fw-la unam_fw-la profuit_fw-la invitis_fw-la te_fw-la dominante_fw-la capi_fw-la dumque_fw-la offer_v victis_fw-la proprij_fw-la consortia_fw-la juris_fw-la urbem_fw-la fecisti_fw-la quod_fw-la priùs_fw-la orbis_fw-la erat_fw-la and_o of_o rome_n itself_o haec_fw-la est_fw-la in_fw-la gremium_fw-la victos_fw-la quae_fw-la sola_fw-la recepit_fw-la humanumque_fw-la genus_fw-la communinomine_fw-la fovit_fw-la matris_fw-la non_fw-la dominae_fw-la ritu_fw-la civesque_fw-la vocavit_fw-la quos_fw-la domuit_fw-la nexuque_fw-la pio_fw-la longinqua_fw-la revinxit_fw-la therefore_o as_o tacitus_n write_v julius_n agricolae_fw-la agricola_n the_o roman_a general_n in_o britain_n use_v this_o policy_n to_o make_v a_o perfect_a conquest_n of_o our_o ancestor_n the_o ancient_a briton_n they_o be_v say_v he_o rude_a and_o disperse_v and_o therefore_o prone_a upon_o every_o occasion_n to_o make_v war_n but_o to_o induce_v they_o by_o pleasure_n to_o quietness_n and_o rest_n he_o exhort_v they_o in_o private_a and_o give_v they_o help_n in_o common_a to_o build_v temple_n house_n and_o place_n of_o public_a resort_n the_o nobleman_n son_n he_o take_v and_o instruct_v in_o the_o liberal_a science_n etc._n etc._n prefer_v the_o wit_n of_o the_o briton_n before_o the_o student_n of_o france_n as_o be_v now_o curious_a to_o attain_v the_o eloquence_n of_o the_o roman_a language_n whereas_o they_o late_o reject_v that_o speech_n after_o that_o the_o roman_a attire_n grow_v to_o be_v in_o account_n and_o the_o gown_n to_o be_v in_o use_n among_o they_o and_o so_o by_o little_a and_o little_o they_o proceed_v to_o curiosity_n &_o delicacy_n in_o building_n and_o furniture_n of_o household_n in_o bath_n and_o exquisite_a banquet_n and_o so_o be_v come_v to_o the_o height_n of_o civility_n they_o be_v thereby_o bring_v to_o a_o absolute_a subjection_n likewise_o our_o norman_a conqueror_n law_n though_o he_o oppress_v the_o english_a nobility_n very_o sore_o and_o give_v away_o to_o his_o servitor_n the_o land_n and_o possession_n of_o such_o as_o do_v oppose_v his_o first_o invasion_n though_o he_o cause_v all_o his_o act_n of_o counsel_n to_o be_v publish_v in_o french_a and_o some_o legal_a proceed_n &_o plead_n to_o be_v frame_v and_o use_v in_o the_o same_o tongue_n as_o a_o mark_n and_o badge_n of_o a_o conquest_n yet_o he_o govern_v al_n both_o english_a and_o norman_n by_o one_o &_o the_o same_o law_n which_o be_v the_o ancient_a common_a law_n of_o england_n long_o before_o the_o conquest_n neither_o do_v he_o deny_v any_o englishman_n that_o submit_v himself_o unto_o he_o the_o benefit_n of_o that_o law_n though_o it_o be_v againsta_fw-mi norman_n of_o the_o best_a rank_n and_o in_o great_a favour_n as_o appear_v in_o the_o notable_a controversy_n between_o warren_n the_o norman_a and_o sherburne_n of_o sherburne_n castle_n in_o norfolk_n for_o the_o conqueror_n have_v give_v that_o castle_n to_o warren_n yet_o when_o the_o inheritor_n thereof_o have_v allege_v norfolk_n before_o the_o king_n that_o he_o never_o bear_v arm_n against_o he_o that_o he_o be_v his_o subject_n aswell_o as_o the_o other_o &_o that_o he_o do_v inherit_v and_o hold_v his_o land_n by_o the_o rule_n of_o that_o law_n which_o the_o king_n have_v establish_v among_o all_o his_o subject_n the_o king_n give_v judgement_n against_o warren_n and_o command_v that_o sherborn_n shall_v hold_v his_o land_n in_o peace_n by_o this_o mean_a himself_o obtain_v a_o peaceable_a possession_n of_o the_o kingdom_n within_o few_o year_n whereas_o if_o he_o have_v cast_v all_o the_o english_a out_o of_o his_o protection_n and_o hold_v they_o as_o alien_n and_o enemy_n to_o the_o crown_n the_o norman_n perhaps_o may_v have_v spend_v as_o much_o time_n in_o the_o conquest_n of_o england_n as_o the_o english_a have_v spend_v in_o the_o conquest_n of_o ireland_n the_o like_a prudent_a course_n have_v be_v welshman_n observe_v in_o reduce_v of_o wales_n which_o be_v perform_v partly_o by_o king_n edward_n the_o first_o and_o altogether_o finish_v by_o king_n henry_n the_o eight_o for_o we_o find_v by_o the_o statute_n of_o rutland_n make_v the_o 12._o of_o edward_n the_o first_o when_o the_o welshman_n have_v submit_v themselves_o de_fw-fr alto_fw-mi &_o basso_n to_o that_o king_n he_o do_v not_o reject_v and_o cast_v they_o off_o as_o outlaw_n and_o enemy_n but_o cause_v their_o law_n and_o custom_n to_o be_v examine_v which_o be_v in_o many_o point_v agreeable_a to_o 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his_o reign_n do_v revive_v and_o recontinue_v that_o noble_a work_n begin_v by_o king_n edward_n the_o first_o and_o bring_v it_o indeed_o to_o full_a perfection_n for_o he_o unite_v the_o dominion_n of_o wales_n to_o the_o crown_n of_o england_n and_o divide_v it_o into_o shire_n and_o erect_v in_o every_o shire_n one_o borough_n as_o in_o england_n and_o enable_v they_o to_o send_v knight_n &_o burgess_n to_o the_o parliament_n establish_v a_o court_n of_o presidency_n and_o ordain_v that_o justice_n of_o assize_n and_o gaol-deliverie_n shall_v make_v their_o half_a yearly_a circuit_n there_o as_o in_o england_n make_v all_o the_o law_n &_o statute_n of_o england_n in_o force_n there_o and_o among_o other_o welsh_a custom_n abolish_v that_o of_o gavelkinde_n whereby_o the_o heyres-females_a be_v utterlie_o exclude_v and_o the_o bastard_n do_v inherit_v aswell_o as_o the_o legimate_n which_o be_v the_o very_a irish_a gavelkinde_n by_o mean_n whereof_o that_o entire_a country_n in_o a_o short_a time_n be_v secure_o settle_v in_o peace_n and_o obedience_n and_o have_v attain_v to_o that_o civility_n of_o manner_n and_o plenty_n of_o all_o thing_n as_o now_o we_o find_v it_o not_o inferior_a to_o the_o best_a part_n of_o england_n i_o will_v therefore_o knit_v up_o this_o point_n with_o these_o conclusion_n first_o that_o the_o king_n of_o england_n which_o in_o former_a age_n attempt_v the_o conquest_n of_o ireland_n be_v ill_o advise_v and_o counsel_v by_o the_o great_a man_n here_o do_v not_o upon_o the_o submission_n of_o the_o irish_a communicate_v their_o law_n unto_o they_o nor_o admit_v they_o to_o the_o state_n and_o condition_n of_o free-subiecte_n second_o that_o for_o the_o space_n of_o 200_o year_n at_o least_o after_o the_o first_o arrival_n of_o henry_n the_o secound_a in_o ireland_n the_o irish_a will_v glad_o have_v embrace_v the_o law_n of_o england_n and_o do_v earnest_o desire_v the_o benefit_n and_o protection_n thereof_o which_o be_v deny_v they_o do_v of_o necessity_n cause_n a_o continual_a border_a war_n between_o the_o english_a and_o the_o irish._n and_o last_o if_o
adventurer_n so_o they_o leave_v the_o prosecution_n thereof_o to_o they_o &_o other_o voluntary_n who_o come_v to_o seek_v their_o fortune_n in_o ireland_n wherein_o if_o they_o can_v prevail_v they_o think_v that_o in_o reason_n &_o honour_n they_o can_v do_v no_o less_o then_o make_v they_o proprieter_n of_o such_o scope_n of_o land_n as_o they_o can_v conquer_v people_n &_o plant_v at_o their_o own_o charge_n reserve_v only_o the_o sovereign_a lordship_n to_o the_o crown_n of_o england_n but_o if_o the_o lion_n have_v go_v to_o hunt_v himself_o the_o share_n of_o the_o inferior_a beast_n have_v not_o be_v so_o great_a if_o the_o invasion_n have_v be_v make_v by_o a_o army_n transmit_v furnish_v &_o supply_v only_o at_o the_o king_n charge_n &_o whole_o pay_v with_o the_o king_n treasure_n as_o the_o army_n of_o queen_n elizabeth_n and_o king_n james_n have_v be_v as_o the_o conquest_n have_v be_v soon_o achieve_v so_o the_o servitor_n have_v be_v content_v with_o lesser_a 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to_o he_o and_o his_o heir_n to_o hold_v the_o same_o it_o a_o liberè_fw-la ad_fw-la gladium_fw-la sicut_fw-la rex_fw-la tenebat_fw-la angliam_fw-la ad_fw-la coronam_fw-la whereby_o that_o earldom_n indeed_o have_v a_o royal_a jurisdiction_n and_o seignory_n though_o the_o land_n of_o that_o county_n in_o demesne_fw-la be_v possess_v for_o the_o most_o part_n by_o the_o ancient_a inheritor_n again_o from_o the_o time_n of_o the_o norman_a marcher_n conquest_n till_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n edward_n the_o first_o many_o of_o our_o english_a lord_n make_v war_n upon_o the_o welshman_n at_o their_o own_o charge_n the_o land_n which_o they_o gain_v they_o hold_v to_o their_o own_o use_n be_v call_v lord_n marcher_n and_o have_v royal_a liberty_n within_o their_o lordship_n howbeit_o these_o particular_a adventurer_n can_v never_o make_v a_o perfect_a conquest_n of_o wales_n but_o when_o king_n edward_n the_o first_o come_v in_o person_n with_o his_o army_n thither_o keep_v his_o residence_n and_o court_n there_o make_v the_o reduce_n of_o wales_n a_o enterprise_n of_o his_o own_o he_o finish_v that_o work_n in_o a_o year_n or_o two_o whereof_o the_o lord_n marcher_n have_v not_o perform_v a_o three_o part_n with_o their_o continual_a border_a war_n for_o two_o hundred_o year_n before_o and_o withal_o we_o may_v observe_v that_o though_o this_o king_n have_v now_o the_o dominion_n of_o wales_n in_o jure_fw-la propriet_fw-la atis_fw-la as_o the_o statute_n of_o rutland_n affirm_v which_o before_o be_v subject_a unto_o he_o but_o in_o jure_fw-la feodali_fw-la and_o though_o he_o have_v lose_v diverse_a principal_a knight_n &_o nobleman_n in_o that_o war_n yet_o do_v he_o not_o reward_v his_o servitor_n with_o whole_a country_n or_o county_n but_o with_o particular_a manor_n and_o lordship_n as_o to_o henry_n lacie_n earl_n of_o lincoln_n he_o give_v the_o lordship_n of_o denbigh_n and_o to_o reignold_n grace_n the_o lordship_n of_o ruthen_n and_o so_o to_o other_o and_o if_o the_o like_a course_n have_v be_v use_v in_o the_o win_n and_o distribute_v of_o the_o land_n of_o ireland_n that_o island_n have_v be_v full_o conquer_v before_o the_o continent_n of_o wales_n have_v be_v reduce_v but_o the_o troth_n be_v when_o private_a man_n attempt_v the_o conquest_n of_o country_n at_o their_o own_o charge_n common_o their_o erterprise_n do_v perish_v without_o success_n as_o when_o in_o the_o time_n of_o queen_n elizabeth_n sir_n thomas_n smith_n undertake_v to_o recover_v the_o ardes_fw-la and_o chatterton_n to_o reconquer_v then_o fues_z and_o orier_fw-la the_o one_o lose_v his_o son_n and_o the_o other_o himself_o and_o both_o their_o adventure_n come_v to_o nothing_o and_o as_o for_o the_o crown_n of_o england_n it_o have_v have_v the_o like_a fortune_n in_o the_o conquest_n of_o this_o land_n as_o some_o purchaser_n have_v who_o desire_n to_o buy_v land_n at_o too_o easy_a a_o rate_n they_o find_v those_o cheap_a purchase_n so_o full_a of_o trouble_n as_o they_o spend_v twice_o as_o much_o as_o the_o land_n be_v worth_a before_o they_o get_v the_o quiet_a possession_n thereof_o and_o as_o the_o best_a policy_n be_v not_o observe_v in_o the_o distribution_n of_o the_o conquer_a land_n so_o as_o i_o conceyve_v that_o the_o first_o adventurer_n intend_v to_o make_v a_o full_a conquest_n of_o the_o irish_a be_v deceive_v in_o the_o choice_n of_o the_o fit_a place_n for_o their_o plantation_n for_o they_o sit_v down_o and_o erect_v their_o castle_n and_o habitation_n in_o the_o plain_n &_o open_a country_n where_o they_o find_v most_o fruitful_a and_o profitable_a land_n and_o turn_v the_o irish_a into_o the_o wood_n &_o mountain_n which_o as_o they_o be_v proper_a place_n for_o outlaw_n and_o thief_n so_o be_v they_o their_o natural_a castle_n and_o fortification_n thither_o they_o drive_v their_o prey_v and_o stealth_n there_o they_o lurk_v and_o lay_v in_o wait_n to_o do_v mischief_n these_o fast-place_n they_o keep_v unknown_a by_o make_v the_o way_n and_o entry_n thereunto_o impassable_a there_o they_o keep_v their_o creaght_n or_o herd_n of_o cattle_n live_v by_o the_o milk_n of_o the_o cow_n without_o husbandry_n or_o tillage_n there_o they_o increase_v and_o multiply_v unto_o infinite_a number_n by_o promiscuous_a generation_n among_o themselves_o there_o they_o make_v their_o assembly_n and_o conspiracy_n without_o discovery_n but_o they_o discover_v the_o weakness_n of_o the_o english_a dwelling_n in_o the_o open_a plain_n and_o thereupon_o make_v their_o sally_n and_o retraite_n with_o great_a advantage_n whereas_o on_o the_o other_o side_n if_o the_o english_a have_v build_v their_o castle_n and_o town_n in_o those_o place_n of_o fastness_n and_o have_v drive_v the_o irish_a into_o the_o plain_n and_o open_a country_n where_o they_o may_v have_v have_v a_o eye_n and_o observation_n upon_o they_o the_o irish_a have_v be_v easy_o keep_v in_o order_n and_o in_o short_a time_n reclaim_v from_o their_o wildness_n there_o they_o will_v have_v use_v tillage_n dwell_v together_o in_o township_n learned_a mechanical_a art_n &_o science_n the_o wood_n have_v be_v waste_v with_o the_o english_a habitation_n as_o they_o be_v about_o the_o fort_n of_o mariborough_n and_o phillipston_n which_o be_v build_v in_o the_o fast_o place_v in_o leinster_n and_o the_o way_n and_o passage_n throughout_o ireland_n will_v have_v boene_a as_o clear_v and_o open_a as_o they_o be_v in_o england_n at_o this_o day_n a_o gain_n if_o king_n henry_n the_o second_o park_n who_o be_v say_v to_o be_v the_o k._n that_o conquer_a this_o land_n have_v make_v forest_n in_o ireland_n as_o he_o do_v enlarge_v the_o forest_n in_o england_n for_o it_o appear_v by_o 3._o charta_fw-la de_fw-fr foresta_n that_o he_o afforre_v many_o wood_n and_o waste_n to_o the_o greevance_n of_o the_o subject_n which_o by_o that_o law_n be_v disaforre_v or_o if_o those_o english_a lord_n among_o who_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n be_v divide_v have_v be_v good_a hunter_n and_o have_v reduce_v the_o mountain_n bog_n and_o wood_n within_o the_o limit_n of_o forest_n chase_n and_o park_n assure_o the_o very_a forest_n law_n and_o the_o law_n de_fw-fr malefactoribus_fw-la in_o parcis_fw-la will_v in_o time_n have_v drive_v they_o into_o the_o plain_n &_o country_n inhabit_v and_o mannure_v and_o have_v make_v they_o yield_v up_o their_o fast_a place_n to_o those_o wild_a beast_n which_o be_v indeed_o less_o hurtful_a and_o wild_a than_o they_o but_o it_o seem_v strange_a to_o i_o that_o in_o all_o the_o record_n of_o this_o kingdom_n i_o seldom_o find_v any_o mention_n make_v of_o a_o forest_n &_o never_o of_o any_o park_n or_o free-warren_n consider_v the_o great_a plenty_n both_o of_o vert_fw-fr and_o venison_n within_o this_o land_n and_o that_o the_o chief_a of_o the_o nobility_n and_o gentry_n be_v descend_v of_o english_a race_n and_o yet_o at_o this_o day_n there_o be_v
first_o have_v be_v general_n of_o the_o irish_a force_n not_o only_o in_o this_o kingdom_n but_o in_o the_o war_n of_o scotland_n wales_n and_o gascoigne_n and_o therefore_o maurice_n fitz-thomas_n of_o desmond_n be_v then_o the_o most_o active_a nobleman_n in_o this_o realm_n scot_n take_v upon_o he_o the_o chief_a command_n in_o this_o war_n for_o the_o support_n whereof_o the_o revenue_n of_o this_o land_n be_v far_o too_o short_a and_o yet_o no_o supply_n of_o treasure_n be_v send_v out_o of_o england_n then_o be_v there_o no_o mean_a to_o maintain_v english_a the_o army_n but_o by_o sess_v the_o soldier_n upon_o the_o subject_n as_o the_o irish_a be_v wont_a to_o impose_v their_o bonaught_n whereupon_o grow_v that_o wicked_a extortion_n of_o coin_n and_o livery_n speak_v of_o before_o which_o in_o short_a time_n banish_v the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o freeholders_n out_o of_o the_o county_n of_o kerrie_o limerick_n cork_n and_o waterford_v into_o who_o possession_n desmond_n and_o his_o kinsman_n ally_n and_o follower_n which_o be_v then_o more_o irish_a then_o english_a do_v enter_v and_o appropriate_v these_o land_n unto_o themselves_o desmond_n himself_o take_v what_o scope_n he_o best_o like_v for_o his_o demesne_n in_o every_o country_n and_o reserve_v a_o irish_a seignory_n out_o of_o the_o rest_n and_o here_o that_o i_o may_v verify_v &_o maintain_v by_o matter_n of_o record_n that_o which_o be_v before_o deliver_v touch_v the_o nature_n of_o this_o wicked_a extortion_n call_v coin_n and_o livery_n and_o the_o manifold_a mischief_n it_o do_v produce_v i_o think_v it_o fit_a and_o pertinent_a to_o insert_v the_o preamble_n of_o the_o statute_n of_o the_o 10._o of_o henry_n 7._o c._n 4._o not_o print_v but_o record_v in_o parliament_n roll_n of_o dublin_n in_o these_o word_n at_o the_o request_n &_o supplication_n of_o the_o commons_o of_o this_o land_n of_o ireland_n that_o where_o of_o long_a time_n there_o have_v be_v use_v and_o exact_v by_o the_o lord_n and_o gentleman_n of_o this_o land_n many_o and_o diverse_a damnable_a custom_n &_o usage_n which_o be_v call_v coin_n and_o livery_n and_o pay_v that_o be_v horsemeat_n and_o mansmeat_n for_o the_o find_n of_o their_o horseman_n and_o footman_n and_o over_o that_o 4._o d._n or_o 6._o d._n daily_o to_o every_o of_o they_o to_o be_v have_v and_o pay_v of_o the_o poor_a earth-tiller_n and_o tenant_n inhabitant_n of_o the_o say_a land_n without_o any_o thing_n do_v or_o pay_v therefore_o beside_o many_o murder_n robbery_n rape_n &_o other_o manifold_a extortion_n &_o oppression_n by_o the_o say_a horseman_n and_o footman_n daily_a and_o mighty_o commit_v &_o do_v which_o be_v the_o principal_a cause_n of_o the_o desolation_n &_o destruction_n of_o the_o say_a land_n &_o have_v bring_v the_o same_o into_o ruin_n and_o decay_n so_o as_o the_o most_o part_n of_o the_o english_a freeholders_n and_o tenant_n of_o this_o land_n be_v depart_v out_o thereof_o some_o into_o the_o realm_n of_o england_n and_o other_o some_o to_o other_o strange_a land_n whereupon_o the_o foresay_a lord_n and_o gentleman_n of_o this_o land_n have_v intrude_v into_o the_o say_a freeholders_n and_o tenant_n inheritance_n and_o the_o same_o keep_v and_o occupy_v as_o their_o own_o inheritance_n and_o setten_v under_o they_o in_o the_o same_o land_n the_o king_n irish_a enemy_n to_o the_o diminish_n of_o holy_a church_n rite_n the_o disherison_n of_o the_o king_n &_o his_o obedient_a subject_n and_o the_o utter_a ruin_n and_o desolation_n of_o the_o land_n for_o reformation_n whereof_o be_v it_o enact_v that_o the_o king_n shall_v receive_v a_o subsidy_n of_o 26._o s._n 8._o d._n out_o of_o every_o 120._o acre_n of_o arable_a land_n manure_v etc._n etc._n but_o to_o return_v to_o though_o fitz-maurice_n of_o desmond_n by_o this_o extortion_n of_o coin_n and_o livery_n he_o sudden_o grow_v from_o a_o mean_a to_o a_o mighty_a estate_n insomuch_o as_o the_o baron_n finglas_n in_o his_o discourse_n of_o the_o decay_n of_o ireland_n affirm_v that_o his_o ancient_a inheritance_n be_v not_o one_o thousand_o mark_n yearly_a he_o become_v able_a to_o dispend_v every_o way_n ten_o thousand_o pound_n per_fw-la annum_fw-la these_o possession_n be_v thus_o unlawful_o get_v can_v not_o be_v maintain_v by_o the_o just_a and_o honourable_a law_n of_o england_n which_o will_v have_v restore_v the_o true_a owner_n to_o their_o land_n again_o and_o therefore_o this_o great-man_n find_v no_o mean_n to_o continue_v &_o uphold_v his_o ill-purchased_n greatness_n but_o by_o reject_v the_o english_a law_n &_o government_n and_o assume_v in_o lieu_n thereof_o the_o barbarous_a custom_n of_o the_o irish._n and_o hereupon_o follow_v the_o defection_n of_o those_o four_o shire_n contain_v the_o great_a part_n of_o munster_n from_o the_o obedience_n of_o the_o law_n in_o like_a manner_n say_v baron_n finglas_n the_o lord_n of_o tipperary_n perceive_v how_o well_o the_o house_n of_o desmond_n have_v thrive_v by_o coin_n and_o livery_n and_o other_o irish_a exaction_n begin_v to_o hold_v the_o like_a course_n in_o the_o county_n of_o tipperary_n and_o kilkenny_n whereby_o he_o get_v great_a scope_n of_o land_n special_o in_o ormond_n and_o raise_v many_o irish_a exaction_n upon_o the_o english_a freeholders_n there_o which_o make_v he_o so_o potent_a &_o absolute_a among_o they_o as_o at_o that_o time_n they_o know_v no_o other_o law_n than_o the_o will_n of_o their_o lord_n beside_o find_v that_o the_o earl_n of_o desmond_n exclude_v the_o ordinary_a minister_n of_o justice_n under_o colour_n of_o a_o royal_a liberty_n which_o he_o claim_v in_o the_o county_n of_o kerry_n cork_n and_o waterford_v by_o a_o grant_n of_o king_n edward_n the_o first_o as_o appear_z in_o a_o quo_fw-la warranto_fw-la bring_v against_o he_o anno_fw-la 1._o edw._n 1._o the_o record_n whereof_o remain_v in_o breminghams_n tower_n among_o the_o common_a plea-rolle_n there_o this_o lord_n also_o in_o the_o three_o of_o edward_n the_o third_o obtain_v a_o grant_v of_o the_o like_a liberty_n in_o the_o county_n of_o tipperary_n whereby_o he_o get_v the_o law_n into_o his_o own_o hand_n &_o shut_v out_o the_o common_a law_n and_o justice_n of_o the_o realm_n and_o thus_o we_o see_v that_o all_o munster_n fall_v away_o from_o the_o english_a law_n and_o government_n in_o the_o end_n of_o king_n edward_n 2._o his_o reign_n and_o in_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n edward_n the_o three_o again_o about_o the_o same_o time_n viz_o in_o the_o 20._o year_n of_o king_n edward_n the_o second_o when_o the_o state_n of_o england_n be_v well-nigh_a ruin_v by_o the_o rebellion_n of_o the_o baron_n and_o the_o government_n of_o ireland_n utter_o neglect_v there_o arise_v leinster_n in_o leinster_n one_o of_o the_o cavanaghes_n name_v donald_n mac_n art_n who_o name_v camden_n himself_o mac_n murrogh_n king_n of_o leinster_n and_o possess_v himself_o of_o the_o county_n of_o catherlogh_n and_o of_o the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o county_n of_o wexford_v and_o short_o after_o lisagh_fw-mi o_fw-mi moor_n call_v himself_o manus_fw-la o_o moor_n take_v 8._o castle_n in_o one_o evening_n destroy_v dunamase_v the_o principal_a leinster_n house_n of_o the_o l._n mortimer_n in_o leix_n recover_v that_o whole_a country_n de_fw-fr seruo_fw-la dominus_fw-la de_fw-la subiecto_fw-la princeps_fw-la effectus_fw-la say_v friar_n clynne_n in_o his_o annalle_n beside_o the_o earl_n of_o kildare_n imitate_v his_o cousin_n of_o desmond_n do_v not_o omit_v to_o make_v the_o like_a use_n of_o coin_n &_o livery_n in_o kildare_n and_o the_o west_n part_n of_o meth_n which_o bring_v the_o like_a barbarism_n into_o those_o part_n and_o thus_o a_o great_a part_n of_o leinster_n be_v lose_v and_o fall_v away_o from_o the_o obedience_n of_o the_o crown_n near_o about_o the_o time_n before_o express_v again_o in_o the_o seven_o year_n of_o king_n edward_n the_o three_o the_o lord_n william_n bourke_n earl_n of_o ulster_n and_o lord_n murder_v of_o conaght_n be_v treacherous_o murder_v by_o his_o own_o squire_n at_o knockefergus_n leave_v behind_o he_o vnicam_fw-la &_o unius_fw-la manus_fw-la annifiliam_fw-la say_v friar_n clynne_n immediate_o upon_o the_o murder_n commit_v the_o countess_n with_o her_o young_a daughter_n flee_v into_o england_n so_o as_o the_o government_n of_o that_o country_n be_v whole_o neglect_v until_o that_o young_a lady_n be_v marry_v to_o lionel_n duke_n of_o clarence_n that_o prince_n come_v over_o with_o a_o army_n to_o recover_v his_o wife_n inheritance_n and_o to_o reform_v this_o kingdom_n anno_fw-la 36._o of_o edward_n the_o three_o but_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n what_o become_v of_o that_o great_a inheritance_n both_o in_o ulster_n &_o conaght_n assure_o in_o ulster_n the_o sept_n of_o irish._n hugh_n boy_n o_o neal_n then_o possess_v glaucoukeyn_a and_o killeightra_n in_o tyrone_n take_v the_o
residence_n in_o this_o kingdom_n but_o manage_v their_o estate_n here_o by_o their_o seneschal_n and_o servant_n and_o to_o defend_v their_o territory_n against_o the_o border_a irish_a they_o entertain_v some_o of_o the_o native_n who_o pretend_v a_o perpetual_a title_n to_o those_o great_a lordship_n for_o the_o irish_a after_o a_o thousand_o conquest_n &_o attainder_n by_o our_o law_n will_v in_o those_o day_n pretend_v title_n still_o because_o by_o the_o irish_a law_n no_o man_n can_v forfeit_v his_o land_n these_o native_n take_v the_o opportunity_n in_o weak_a and_o desperate_a time_n usurp_v those_o signory_n and_o so_o donald_n mac_n art_n cavanagh_n manuscript_n be_v entertain_v by_o the_o earl_n of_o norfolk_n make_v himself_o lord_n of_o the_o county_n of_o catherlogh_n and_o lisagh_fw-mi o_fw-mi moor_n be_v trust_v by_o the_o l._n mortimer_n who_o marry_v the_o daughter_n and_o heir_n of_o the_o lord_n bruce_n make_v himself_o lord_n of_o the_o land_n in_o leix_n in_o the_o latter_a end_n of_o king_n edward_n the_o second_o reign_n as_o be_v before_o declare_v again_o the_o decay_n and_o loss_n of_o ulster_n &_o conaght_n be_v attribute_v to_o this_o that_o the_o lord_n william_n bourke_n the_o last_o earl_n of_o that_o name_n die_v without_o issue_n male_a who_o ancestor_n namely_o the_o red-earle_n and_o sir_n hugh_n de_fw-fr lacie_n before_o he_o be_v personal_o resident_a hold_v up_o their_o greatness_n there_o &_o keep_v the_o english_a in_o peace_n and_o the_o irish_a in_o awe_n but_o when_o those_o province_n descend_v upon_o a_o heir_n female_a and_o a_o infant_n the_o irish_a overran_a ulster_n and_o the_o young_a branch_n of_o the_o bourkes_n usurp_a conaght_n and_o therefore_o the_o ordinance_n 42_o make_v in_o england_n the_o 3._o of_o richard_n 2._o against_o such_o as_o be_v absent_a from_o their_o land_n in_o ireland_n and_o give_v two_o three_o part_n of_o the_o profit_n thereof_o unto_o the_o king_n until_o they_o return_v or_o place_v a_o sufficient_a number_n of_o man_n to_o defend_v the_o same_o be_v ground_v upon_o good_a reason_n of_o state_n which_o ordinance_n be_v put_v in_o execution_n for_o many_o year_n after_o as_o appear_v by_o sundry_a seizure_n make_v thereupon_o in_o the_o time_n of_o king_n richard_n 2._o henry_n 4._o henry_n 5._o and_o henry_n 6._o whereof_o there_o remain_v record_n in_o dublin_n the_o remembrancer_n office_n here_o among_o the_o rest_n the_o duke_n of_o norfolk_n himself_o be_v not_o spare_v but_o be_v implead_v upon_o this_o ordinance_n for_o two_o part_n of_o the_o profit_n of_o dorburies_n island_n and_o other_o land_n in_o the_o county_n of_o wexford_v in_o the_o time_n of_o k._n heury_n 6._o and_o afterward_o upon_o the_o same_o reason_n of_o state_n all_o the_o land_n of_o the_o house_n of_o norfolk_n of_o the_o earl_n of_o shrewesburie_n the_o lord_n barkley_n and_o other_o who_o have_v land_n in_o ireland_n keep_v their_o continual_a residence_n in_o england_n be_v entire_o resume_v by_o the_o act_n of_o absentees_n make_v in_o the_o 28._o year_n of_o king_n 8._o henry_n the_o eight_o but_o now_o again_o let_v we_o look_v back_o and_o see_v how_o long_o the_o effect_n of_o that_o reformation_n do_v continue_v which_o be_v begin_v by_o lionel_n duke_n of_o clarence_n in_o the_o fortith_n year_n of_o k._n edw_n 3._o and_o what_o course_n have_v be_v hold_v to_o reduce_v and_o reform_v this_o people_n by_o other_o lieutenant_n and_o governor_n since_o that_o time_n the_o english_a colony_n be_v in_o some_o good_a measure_n reform_v by_o the_o statute_n of_o kilkenny_n do_v not_o utter_o fall_v away_o into_o barbarism_n again_o till_o the_o war_n of_o the_o two_o house_n have_v almost_o destroy_v both_o these_o kingdom_n for_o in_o that_o miserable_a time_n the_o irish_a find_v opportunity_n without_o opposition_n to_o banish_v the_o english_a law_n and_o government_n out_o of_o all_o the_o province_n and_o to_o confine_v it_o only_o to_o the_o english_a pale_a howbeit_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n between_o the_o government_n of_o the_o duke_n of_o clarence_n and_o the_o beginning_n of_o those_o civil_a war_n of_o york_n and_o lancaster_n we_o find_v that_o the_o state_n of_o england_n do_v sundry_a time_n resolve_v to_o proceed_v in_o this_o work_n of_o reformation_n for_o first_o king_n richard_n 2._o send_v over_o 2_o sir_n nicholas_n dagworth_n to_o survey_v the_o possession_n of_o the_o crown_n &_o to_o call_v to_o account_v the_o officer_n of_o the_o revenue_n 3_o next_o to_o draw_v his_o english_a subject_n to_o manure_v &_o defend_v their_o land_n in_o ireland_n he_o make_v that_o ordinance_n against_o 42_o absentees_n speak_v of_o before_o again_o he_o show_v a_o excellent_a example_n of_o justice_n upon_o sir_n philip_n courtney_n 1._o be_v his_o lieutenant_n of_o that_o kingdom_n when_o he_o cause_v he_o to_o be_v arrest_v by_o special_a commissioner_n upon_o complaint_n make_v of_o sundry_a grievous_a oppression_n and_o wrong_n which_o during_o his_o government_n he_o have_v do_v unto_o that_o people_n after_o this_o the_o parliament_n of_o england_n do_v resolve_v that_o thomas_n duke_n of_o a._n gloucester_n the_o king_n uncle_n shall_v be_v employ_v in_o the_o reformation_n and_o reduce_v of_o that_o kingdom_n the_o fame_n whereof_o be_v no_o soon_o bruit_v in_o ireland_n but_o all_o the_o irishry_n be_v ready_a to_o submit_v themselves_o before_o his_o come_n so_o much_o the_o very_a name_n of_o a_o great_a personage_n special_o of_o a_o prince_n of_o the_o blood_n do_v ever_o prevail_v with_o this_o people_n but_o the_o king_n and_o his_o minion_n who_o be_v ever_o jealous_a of_o this_o duke_n of_o gloucester_n will_v not_o suffer_v he_o to_o have_v the_o honour_n of_o that_o service_n but_o the_o king_n himself_o think_v it_o a_o work_n worthy_a of_o his_o own_o presence_n &_o pain_n and_o thereupon_o himself_o in_o person_n make_v those_o two_o royal_a journey_n mention_v before_o at_o what_o time_n he_o receive_v the_o submission_n of_o all_o the_o irish_a lord_n and_o captain_n who_o bind_v themselves_o both_o by_o indenture_n &_o oath_n to_o become_v and_o continue_v his_o loyal_a subject_n and_o withal_o lay_v a_o particular_a project_n for_o a_o civil_a plantation_n of_o the_o mountain_n and_o maritime_a county_n between_o dublin_n and_o wexford_v by_o remove_v all_o the_o irish_a septe_n from_o thence_o as_o appear_v by_o the_o covenant_n between_o the_o earl_n martial_n of_o england_n and_o those_o irish_a sept_n which_o be_v before_o remember_v and_o be_v yet_o preserve_v and_o remain_v of_o record_n in_o the_o king_n remembrancer_n office_n at_o westminster_n last_o this_o king_n be_v present_a in_o ireland_n take_v special_a care_n to_o supply_v and_o furnish_v the_o court_n of_o justice_n with_o able_a and_o sufficient_a judge_n and_o to_o that_o end_n he_o make_v that_o grave_n and_o learned_a judge_n sir_n william_n hankeford_n chief_a justice_n of_o the_o king_n bench_n here_o who_o afterward_o for_o his_o service_n in_o this_o realm_n be_v make_v chief_a justice_n 2_o of_o the_o king_n bench_n in_o england_n by_o k._n henry_n 4._o and_o do_v withal_o associate_n unto_o he_o william_n sturmy_n a_o well_o learned_a man_n in_o the_o law_n who_o likewise_o come_v out_o of_o england_n with_o the_o k._n that_o the_o legal_a proceed_n which_o be_v out_o of_o order_n too_o as_o all_o other_o thing_n in_o that_o realm_n be_v may_v be_v amend_v and_o make_v formal_a according_a to_o the_o course_n and_o precedent_n of_o england_n but_o all_o the_o good_a purpose_n &_o project_n of_o this_o king_n be_v interrupt_v and_o utter_o defeat_v by_o his_o sudden_a departure_n out_o of_o ireland_n and_o unhappy_a deposition_n from_o the_o crown_n of_o england_n howbeit_o king_n henry_n the_o four_o 4._o intend_v likewise_o to_o prosecute_v this_o noble_a work_n in_o the_o three_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n make_v the_o lord_n thomas_n of_o lancaster_n his_o second_o son_n lieutenant_n of_o ireland_n who_o come_v over_o in_o person_n and_o accept_v again_o the_o submission_n of_o diverse_a irish_a lord_n &_o captain_n as_o be_v before_o remember_v and_o hold_v also_o a_o parliament_n wherein_o he_o give_v new_a life_n to_o the_o statute_n of_o kilkenny_n and_o make_v other_o good_a law_n tend_v to_o the_o reformation_n of_o the_o kingdom_n but_o the_o trouble_v raise_v against_o the_o king_n his_o father_n in_o england_n draw_v he_o home_o again_o so_o soon_o as_o that_o seed_n of_o reformation_n take_v no_o root_n at_o all_o neither_o have_v his_o service_n in_o that_o kind_n any_o good_a effect_n or_o success_n after_o this_o the_o state_n of_o england_n have_v no_o leisure_n to_o think_v of_o a_o general_a reformation_n in_o this_o realm_n till_o the_o civil_a dissension_n of_o england_n be_v appease_v and_o the_o peace_n of_o that_o kingdom_n settle_v by_o k._n
establish_v the_o composition_n of_o the_o pale_a in_o liewe_n of_o purueyance_n and_o sesse_v of_o soldier_n these_o be_v good_a proceed_n in_o the_o work_n of_o reformation_n but_o there_o be_v many_o defect_n &_o omission_n withal_o for_o though_o he_o reduce_v all_o conaght_n into_o county_n he_o never_o send_v any_o justice_n of_o assize_n to_o visit_v that_o province_n but_o place_v commissioner_n there_o who_o govern_v it_o only_o in_o a_o course_n of_o discretion_n part_v marshal_n and_o part_v civil_a again_o in_o the_o law_n that_o do_v abolish_v the_o irish_a captain-ship_n he_o give_v way_n for_o the_o reviue_n thereof_o again_o by_o except_v such_o as_o shall_v be_v grant_v by_o letter_n patente_n from_o the_o crown_n which_o exception_n do_v indeed_o take_v away_o the_o force_n of_o that_o law_n for_o no_o governor_n during_o queen_n elizabeth_n reign_n do_v refuse_v to_o grant_v any_o of_o those_o captain-ship_n to_o any_o pretend_a irish_a lord_n who_o will_v desire_v and_o with_o his_o thankfulness_n deserve_v the_o same_o and_o again_o though_o the_o great_a part_n of_o ulster_n be_v vest_v by_o act_n of_o parliament_n in_o the_o actual_a and_o real_a possession_n of_o the_o crown_n yet_o be_v there_o never_o any_o seizure_n make_v thereof_o nor_o any_o part_n thereof_o bring_v into_o charge_n but_o the_o irish_a be_v permit_v to_o take_v all_o the_o profit_n without_o render_v any_o duty_n or_o acknowledgement_n for_o the_o same_o and_o though_o the_o name_n of_o o_o neale_n be_v damn_v by_o that_o act_n and_o the_o assume_v thereof_o make_v high-treason_n yet_o after_o that_o be_v tirlagh_n leynnagh_n suffer_v to_o bear_v that_o title_n and_o to_o intrude_v upon_o the_o possession_n of_o the_o crown_n and_o yet_o be_v often_o entertain_v by_o the_o state_n with_o favour_n neither_o be_v these_o land_n resume_v by_o the_o act_n of_o 11._o of_o elizabeth_n neglect_v only_o for_o the_o abbay_n and_o religious_a house_n in_o tirone_n tirconnell_n and_o fermannagh_n though_o they_o be_v dissolve_v in_o the_o 33._o of_o henry_n 8._o be_v never_o survey_v nor_o reduce_v into_o charge_n but_o be_v continual_o possess_v by_o the_o religious_a person_n until_o his_o majesty_n that_o now_o be_v come_v to_o the_o crown_n and_o that_o which_o be_v more_o strange_a the_o donation_n of_o byshoppricke_n be_v a_o flower_n of_o the_o crown_n which_o the_o king_n of_o england_n do_v ever_o retain_v in_o all_o their_o dominion_n when_o the_o pope_n usurp_a authority_n be_v at_o the_o high_a there_o be_v three_o bishopprickes_n in_o ulster_n namely_o derry_n rapho_n and_o clogh_a which_o neither_o queen_n elizabeth_n nor_o any_o of_o her_o progenitor_n do_v ever_o bestow_v though_o they_o be_v the_o undoubted_a patron_n thereof_o so_o as_o king_n james_n be_v the_o first_o king_n of_o england_n that_o do_v ever_o supply_v those_o see_v with_o bishop_n which_o be_v a_o argument_n either_o of_o great_a negligence_n or_o of_o great_a weakness_n in_o the_o state_n and_o governor_n of_o those_o time_n and_o thus_o far_o proceed_v sir_n henry_n sidney_n after_o he_o sir_n john_n perrot_n who_o hold_v perrot_n the_o last_o parliament_n in_o this_o kingdom_n do_v advance_v the_o reformation_n in_o three_o principal_a point_n first_o in_o establish_v the_o great_a composition_n of_o conaght_n in_o which_o service_n the_o wisdom_n and_o industry_n of_o sir_n richard_n bingham_n do_v concur_v with_o he_o next_o in_o reduce_v the_o unreformed_a part_n of_o ulster_n into_o seven_o shire_n namely_o ardmagh_n monahan_n tirone_n coleraine_n devegall_n fermannagh_n &_o cavan_n though_o in_o his_o time_n the_o law_n be_v never_o execute_v in_o these_o new_a county_n by_o any_o sheriff_n or_o justice_n of_o assize_n but_o the_o people_n leave_v to_o be_v rule_v still_o by_o their_o own_o barbarous_a lord_n and_o law_n and_o last_o by_o vest_v in_o the_o crown_n the_o land_n of_o desmond_n and_o his_o adherent_n in_o monster_n and_o plant_v the_o same_o with_o english_a though_o that_o plantation_n be_v imperfect_a in_o many_o point_n after_o sir_n john_n perrot_n sir_n william_n fitzwilliams_n reformation_n do_v good_a service_n in_o two_o other_o point_n first_o in_o raise_v a_o composition_n in_o monster_n and_o then_o in_o settle_v the_o possession_n both_o of_o the_o lord_n and_o tenante_n in_o monahan_n which_o be_v one_o of_o the_o last_o act_n of_o state_n tend_v to_o the_o reformation_n of_o the_o civil_a government_n that_o be_v perform_v in_o the_o reign_n of_o queen_n elizabeth_n thus_o we_o see_v by_o what_o degree_n &_o what_o policy_n and_o success_n the_o governor_n of_o this_o land_n from_o time_n to_o time_n since_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n edward_n 3._o have_v endeavour_v to_o reform_v and_o reduce_v this_o people_n to_o the_o perfect_a obedience_n of_o the_o crown_n of_o england_n and_o we_o find_v that_o before_o the_o civil_a war_n of_o york_n and_o lancaster_n they_o do_v chief_o endeavour_n to_o bring_v back_o the_o degenerate_a english_a colony_n to_o their_o duty_n and_o allegiance_n not_o respect_v the_o mere_a irish_a who_o they_o repute_v as_o alien_n or_o enemy_n of_o the_o crown_n but_o after_o king_n henry_n 7._o have_v unite_v the_o rose_n they_o labour_v to_o reduce_v both_o english_a and_o irish_a together_o which_o work_n to_o what_o pass_n and_o perfection_n it_o be_v bring_v in_o the_o latter_a end_n of_o queen_n elizabeth_n reign_n have_v be_v before_o declare_v whereof_o sometime_o when_o i_o do_v consider_v i_o do_v in_o my_o own_o conceit_n compare_v these_o late_a governor_n who_o go_v about_o to_o reform_v the_o civil_a affair_n in_o ireland_n unto_o some_o of_o the_o king_n of_o israel_n of_o who_o it_o be_v say_v that_o they_o be_v good_a king_n but_o they_o do_v not_o cut_v down_o the_o grove_n and_o high_a place_n but_o suffer_v the_o people_n still_o to_o burn_v incense_n &_o commit_v idolatry_n in_o they_o so_o sir_n anthony_n saint-leger_n the_o earl_n of_o sussex_n sir_n henry_n sidney_n &_o sir_n john_n perrot_n be_v good_a governor_n but_o they_o do_v not_o abolish_v the_o irish_a custom_n nor_o execute_v the_o law_n in_o the_o irish_a country_n but_o suffer_v the_o people_n to_o worship_v their_o barbarous_a lord_n and_o to_o remain_v utter_o ignorant_a of_o their_o duty_n to_o god_n and_o the_o king_n and_o now_o be_o i_o come_v to_o the_o happy_a reign_n reign_n of_o my_o most_o gracious_a lord_n &_o master_n k._n james_n in_o who_o time_n as_o there_o have_v be_v a_o concurrence_n of_o many_o great_a felicity_n so_o this_o among_o other_o may_v be_v number_v in_o the_o first_o rank_n that_o all_o the_o defect_n in_o the_o government_n of_o ireland_n speak_v of_o before_o have_v be_v full_o supply_v in_o the_o first_o nine_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n in_o which_o time_n there_o have_v be_v more_o do_v in_o the_o work_n &_o reformation_n of_o this_o kingdom_n then_o in_o the_o 440._o year_n which_o be_v pass_v since_o the_o conquest_n be_v first_o attempt_v howbeit_o i_o have_v no_o purpose_n in_o this_o discourse_n to_o set_v forth_o at_o large_a all_o the_o proceed_n of_o the_o state_n here_o in_o reform_v of_o this_o kingdom_n since_o his_o majesty_n come_v to_o the_o crown_n for_o the_o part_n and_o passage_n thereof_o be_v so_o many_o as_o to_o express_v they_o full_o will_v require_v a_o several_a treatise_n beside_o i_o for_o my_o part_n since_o i_o have_v not_o flatter_v the_o former_a time_n but_o have_v plain_o lay_v open_a the_o negligence_n and_o error_n of_o every_o age_n that_o be_v past_a will_v not_o willing_o seem_v to_o flatter_v the_o present_a by_o amplify_a the_o diligence_n and_o true_a judgement_n of_o those_o servitor_n that_o have_v labour_v in_o this_o vineyard_n since_o the_o begin_n of_o his_o majesty_n happy_a reign_n i_o shall_v therefore_o summary_o without_o any_o amplication_n at_o all_o show_v in_o what_o manner_n and_o by_o what_o degree_n all_o the_o defect_n which_o i_o have_v note_v before_o in_o the_o government_n of_o this_o kingdom_n have_v be_v supply_v since_o his_o majesty_n happy_a reign_n begin_v and_o so_o conclude_v these_o observation_n concern_v the_o state_n of_o ireland_n first_o then_o touch_v the_o martial_a affair_n amend_v i_o shall_v need_v to_o say_v little_a in_o regard_n that_o the_o war_n which_o finish_v the_o conquest_n of_o ireland_n be_v end_v almost_o in_o the_o instant_n when_o the_o crown_n descend_v upon_o his_o majesty_n and_o so_o there_o remain_v no_o occasion_n to_o amend_v the_o former_a error_n commit_v in_o the_o prosecution_n of_o the_o war_n howbeit_o since_o his_o majesty_n have_v still_o maintain_v a_o army_n here_o aswell_o for_o a_o seminary_n of_o martial_a man_n as_o to_o give_v strength_n and_o countenance_n to_o the_o civil_a magistrate_n i_o may_v just_o observe_v that_o this_o
army_n have_v not_o be_v feed_v with_o coin_n &_o livery_n or_o sesse_n with_o which_o extortion_n the_o soldier_n have_v be_v nourish_v in_o the_o time_n of_o former_a prince_n but_o have_v be_v as_o just_o and_o royal_o pay_v as_o ever_o prince_n in_o the_o world_n do_v pay_v his_o man_n of_o war_n beside_o when_o there_o do_v arise_v a_o occasion_n of_o employment_n for_o this_o army_n against_o the_o rebel_n odoghertie_n neither_o do_v his_o majesty_n delay_v the_o reinforce_a thereof_o but_o instant_o send_v supply_n out_o of_o england_n and_o scotland_n neither_o do_v the_o martial_a man_n dally_v or_o prosecute_v the_o service_n faint_o but_o do_v forthwith_o quench_v that_o fire_n whereby_o themselves_o will_v have_v be_v the_o warm_a the_o long_o it_o have_v continue_v aswell_o by_o the_o increase_n of_o their_o entertainment_n as_o by_o booty_n and_o spoil_n of_o the_o country_n and_o thus_o much_o i_o think_v fit_a to_o note_v touch_v the_o amendment_n of_o the_o error_n in_o the_o martial_a affair_n second_o for_o the_o supply_n of_o the_o defect_n supply_v in_o the_o civil_a government_n these_o course_n have_v be_v pursue_v since_o his_o majesty_n prosperous_a reign_n begin_v first_o albeit_o upon_o the_o end_n of_o the_o war_n whereby_o tyrone_n universal_a rebellion_n peace_n be_v suppress_v the_o mind_n of_o the_o people_n be_v break_v and_o prepare_v to_o obedience_n of_o the_o law_n yet_o the_o state_n upon_o good_a reason_n do_v conceive_v that_o the_o public_a peace_n can_v not_o be_v settle_v till_o the_o heart_n of_o the_o people_n be_v also_o quiet_v by_o secure_v they_o from_o the_o danger_n of_o the_o law_n which_o the_o most_o part_n of_o they_o have_v incur_v one_o way_n or_o other_o in_o that_o great_a and_o general_a confusion_n therefore_o first_o by_o a_o general_a act_n of_o state_n call_v the_o act_n of_o oblivion_n publish_v by_o proclamation_n under_o the_o great_a seal_n all_o offence_n against_o the_o crown_n and_o all_o 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public_a justice_n in_o every_o part_n of_o the_o realm_n and_o to_o that_o end_n sir_n george_n cary_n who_o be_v a_o prudent_a governor_n and_o a_o just_a and_o make_v a_o fair_a entry_n into_o the_o right_a way_n of_o reform_v this_o kingdom_n do_v in_o the_o first_o year_n of_o his_o majesty_n reign_n make_v the_o first_o sheriff_n that_o ever_o be_v make_v in_o tyrone_n and_o tirconnell_n and_o short_o after_o send_v sir_n edmund_n pelham_n chief_a baron_n &_o myself_o thither_o the_o first_o justice_n of_o assize_n that_o ever_o sit_v in_o those_o country_n and_o in_o that_o circuit_n we_o visit_v all_o the_o shire_n of_o that_o province_n beside_o which_o visitation_n though_o it_o be_v somewhat_o distasteful_a to_o the_o irish_a lord_n be_v sweet_a and_o most_o welcome_a to_o the_o common_a people_n who_o albeit_o they_o be_v rude_a &_o barbarous_a yet_o do_v they_o quick_o apprehend_v the_o difference_n between_o the_o tyranny_n and_o oppression_n under_o which_o they_o live_v 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