Selected quad for the lemma: kingdom_n

Word A Word B Word C Word D Occurrence Frequency Band MI MI Band Prominent
kingdom_n begin_v time_n year_n 5,438 5 5.3089 4 true
View all documents for the selected quad

Text snippets containing the quad

ID Title Author Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication) STC Words Pages
A49842 Observations concerning money and coin and especially those of England Layton, Henry, 1622-1705. 1697 (1697) Wing L755B; Wing O94_CANCELLED; ESTC R43364 50,023 54

There are 3 snippets containing the selected quad. | View original text

time_n of_o augustus_n and_o that_o kymbelines_n own_o image_n be_v stamp_v upon_o the_o coin_n after_o the_o manner_n of_o the_o roman_n concern_v which_o our_o lord_n demand_v who_o image_n and_o superscription_n be_v this_o then_o he_o exhibit_v to_o we_o the_o coin_n of_o arviragus_n and_o galgacus_n british_a king_n in_o the_o time_n of_o the_o emperor_n domitian_n before_o which_o time_n viz._n in_o the_o time_n of_o nero_n agricola_n lieutenant_n of_o nero_n in_o britain_n have_v conquer_a our_o whole_a island_n and_o reduce_v england_n into_o the_o form_n of_o a_o roman_a province_n which_o the_o roman_n hold_v under_o their_o yoke_n and_o dominion_n from_o that_o time_n viz._n about_o anno_fw-la christi_fw-la 60_o until_o the_o reign_n of_o the_o emperor_n honorius_n about_o anno_fw-la christi_fw-la 400._o which_o be_v the_o space_n of_o 340_o year_n during_o all_o which_o time_n it_o appear_v with_o clearness_n our_o predecessor_n the_o britain_n use_v the_o roman_a coin_n and_o money_n and_o before_o the_o roman_a time_n both_o speed_n and_o camden_n do_v agree_v with_o some_o roman_a author_n that_o the_o britain_n use_v not_o other_o money_n in_o their_o payment_n but_o ring_n of_o iron_n and_o some_o plate_n or_o piece_n of_o brass_n if_o we_o inquire_v concern_v the_o nature_n of_o the_o roman_a money_n of_o those_o time_n we_o may_v be_v inform_v by_o pliny_n in_o his_o natural_a history_n lib._n 33._o cap._n 3._o there_o he_o tell_v we_o that_o he_o can_v never_o learn_v who_o be_v the_o first_o that_o by_o set_v a_o stamp_n upon_o gold_n ordain_v it_o to_o pass_v for_o money_n but_o he_o be_v sure_a that_o the_o people_n of_o rome_n have_v neither_o gold_n nor_o silver_n money_n stamp_v before_o the_o victory_n which_o they_o have_v over_o pyrrhus_n king_n of_o epirus_n and_o he_o know_v that_o in_o old_a time_n of_o their_o government_n their_o manner_n be_v to_o weigh_v out_o brass_n by_o the_o as_o which_o be_v a_o pound_n weight_n and_o thence_o be_v call_v as_o libralis_fw-la and_o the_o soldier_n wage_n be_v so_o pay_v viz._n by_o weight_n and_o thence_o call_v stipendia_fw-la and_o at_o this_o day_n about_o anuo_fw-la christi_fw-la 120_o he_o say_v in_o all_o buy_n and_o selling_n which_o pass_v with_o warranty_n the_o payment_n pass_v usual_o by_o interposition_n of_o the_o balance_n and_o that_o serve_v to_o testify_v the_o reality_n of_o the_o contract_n on_o both_o part_n for_o the_o roman_a brass_n money_n it_o be_v first_o stamp_v by_o servius_n tullius_n one_o of_o their_o first_o king_n before_o which_o time_n it_o be_v use_v at_o rome_n in_o the_o mass_n or_o lump_n by_o weight_n his_o stamp_n upon_o such_o brass_n money_n be_v the_o figure_n or_o form_n of_o a_o sheep_n in_o latin_a term_v pecus_fw-la and_o thence_o proceed_v the_o word_n pecunia_fw-la and_o during_o that_o king_n reign_n the_o rich_a man_n in_o rome_n be_v value_v not_o to_o be_v worth_n more_o in_o good_n than_o a_o 110000_o ass_n of_o brass_n five_o year_n before_o the_o first_o punic_a war_n the_o roman_n begin_v to_o stamp_v silver_n money_n and_o than_o it_o be_v ordain_v that_o the_o silver_n denarius_fw-la shall_v go_v for_o ten_o ass_n or_o pound_n of_o brass_n the_o half_a denarius_fw-la or_o quinarius_fw-la for_o five_o such_o ass_n and_o the_o sexterce_n for_o two_o and_o a_o half_a but_o that_o punic_a war_n put_v the_o roman_a commonwealth_n so_o much_o behind_o hand_n that_o it_o be_v agree_v and_o ordain_v to_o raise_v the_o value_n of_o the_o brazen_a money_n by_o diminish_v the_o weight_n of_o it_o so_o that_o whereas_o before_o the_o ass_n weigh_v a_o pound_n of_o 12_o ounce_n now_o they_o bring_v down_o the_o ass_n to_o the_o weight_n of_o 2_o ounce_n by_o which_o device_n say_v he_o the_o commonwealth_n gain_v five_o part_n in_o six_o and_o the_o public_a treasury_n be_v by_o this_o mean_n soon_o acquit_v of_o all_o debt_n and_o when_o in_o the_o second_o punic_a war_n rome_n be_v great_o distress_v by_o hannibal_n and_o sore_o put_v to_o it_o for_o money_n to_o maintain_v that_o war_n they_o bring_v down_o their_o late_a ass_n from_o the_o weight_n of_o 2_o ounce_n to_o 1_o ounce_n and_o the_o value_n of_o their_o silver_n denarius_fw-la they_o raise_v from_o 10_o ass_n to_o 16_o ass_n the_o quinaaius_n to_o 8_o and_o the_o sexterce_n to_o 4_o and_o by_o this_o mean_n he_o say_v the_o state_n gain_v very_o near_o the_o half_a but_o except_v soldier_n wage_n wherein_o the_o denarius_fw-la be_v to_o pass_v but_o for_o 10_o ass_n as_o before_o he_o say_v there_o be_v no_o gold_n coin_v till_o 62_o year_n after_o the_o coin_n of_o silver_n and_o the_o proportion_n of_o their_o gold_n piece_n be_v at_o first_o of_o 50_o piece_n to_o a_o pound_n weight_n and_o that_o proportion_n be_v diminish_v in_o weight_n by_o little_a and_o little_a till_o by_o nero_n it_o be_v bring_v to_o be_v coin_v at_o 55_o piece_n to_o the_o pound_n weight_n this_o of_o roman_a coin_n from_o the_o roman_n departure_n out_o of_o britain_n in_o the_o reign_n of_o the_o emperor_n honorius_n until_o the_o subversion_n of_o the_o british_a nation_n by_o the_o saxon_n the_o british_a money_n and_o coin_n seem_v to_o have_v continue_v in_o the_o same_o state_n wherein_o the_o roman_n lest_o it_o these_o britain_n and_o first_o king_n vortimer_n call_v in_o the_o saxon_n to_o his_o aid_n against_o the_o northern_a man_n who_o stand_v out_o against_o the_o roman_n and_o now_o pillage_v and_o subdue_v their_o desert_a province_n to_o vortigern_n succeed_v vortimer_n anno_fw-la 454._o and_o then_o aurelius_n uther_n arthur_n etc._n etc._n unto_o cadwolloder_n who_o b●gan_v to_o reign_v anno_fw-la 685._o but_o his_o power_n at_o that_o time_n only_o reach_v to_o the_o country_n of_o wales_n the_o saxon_n have_v drive_v the_o britain_n into_o those_o mountain_n long_o before_o that_o time_n the_o reign_n of_o arthur_n be_v by_o speed_n place_v to_o begin_v anno_fw-la 516._o and_o that_o it_o extend_v to_o 542._o at_o which_o time_n he_o say_v the_o saxon_n have_v spread_v themselves_o as_o far_o as_o to_o tine_n in_o the_o north_n anno_fw-la 578._o vortiporus_n succeed_v king_n of_o the_o britain_n call_v by_o gildas_n tyrant_n of_o south_n wales_n which_o observation_n have_v be_v use_v for_o the_o collect_v a_o likely_a commencement_n for_o the_o establish_n the_o saxon_a government_n in_o the_o kingdom_n of_o england_n which_o seem_v to_o be_v soon_o after_o arthur_n death_n and_o may_v be_v most_o probable_o place_v about_o anno-christi_a 550._o betwixt_o which_o year_n of_o commencement_n and_o our_o own_o time_n two_o period_n seem_v requisite_a to_o be_v observe_v the_o first_o of_o they_o from_o anno_fw-la 550._o until_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n hen._n the_o 3d_o who_o reign_n begin_v anno_o 1216._o which_o be_v a_o space_n of_o about_o 660_o year_n and_o the_o 2d_o from_o 1260._o to_o 1696_o the_o space_n of_o 436_o year_n in_o the_o first_o of_o these_o period_n we_o have_v no_o such_o certain_a rule_n to_o calculate_v the_o value_n of_o our_o money_n by_o as_o we_o may_v find_v under_o the_o second_o period_n but_o must_v be_v force_v to_o collect_v upon_o inference_n the_o likely_a approach_n to_o the_o truth_n of_o such_o value_n speed_z in_o his_o chronicle_n fol._n 225._o and_o 288._o say_v that_o cherdeck_n be_v the_o first_o west_n saxon_n king_n succeed_v by_o his_o son_n kenrick_n and_o he_o by_o his_o son_n ceoline_n who_o begin_v to_o reign_v anno_fw-la 561._o to_o he_o our_o author_n ascribe_v a_o silver_n coin_n here_o exemplify_v that_o edward_n king_n of_o the_o east_n angle_n coin_v money_n anno_fw-la 616._o and_o aldolph_n king_n of_o northumberland_n anno_fw-la 664_o and_o then_o also_o ethelbert_n king_n of_o kent_n then_o offa_n of_o mercia_n anno_fw-la 758._o than_o kenwolf_n of_o mercia_n 794._o egbert_n the_o saxon_a monarch_n anno_fw-la 800._o berwulf_n of_o mercia_n anno_fw-la 821._o but_o no_o more_o till_o 872._o and_o then_o of_o great_a king_n alfred_n 872._o then_o edward_n the_o elder_a anno_fw-la 901._o and_o thence_o each_o king_n have_v their_o coin_n and_o stamp_n annex_v with_o their_o effigy_n the_o most_o early_a notice_n we_o meet_v with_o of_o riches_n among_o they_o be_v cite_v by_o speed_n from_o beda_n viz._n that_o oswald_n king_n of_o northumberland_n about_o anno_fw-la 634._o at_o a_o solemn_a feast_n send_v to_o the_o poor_a at_o his_o gate_n not_o only_o the_o meat_n provide_v for_o himself_o but_o command_v the_o charger_n of_o silver_n wherein_o it_o be_v to_o be_v break_v and_o divide_v among_o they_o speed_v fol._n 303._o cite_v beda_n again_o that_o oswy_a king_n of_o northumberland_n in_o anno_fw-la 643._o sue_v to_o penda_n king_n of_o mercia_n for_o peace_n and_o offer_v he_o infinite_a treasure_n and_o precious_a
the_o law_n and_o custom_n of_o our_o nation_n and_o the_o frequent_a practice_n of_o our_o ancestor_n and_o upon_o this_o rule_n that_o the_o state_n can_v make_v as_o real_a change_n in_o the_o value_n and_o currency_n of_o money_n there_o will_v by_o the_o lightning_n of_o our_o present_a money_n be_v no_o confusion_n or_o injustice_n at_o all_o wrought_v in_o buy_v sell_v or_o any_o other_o other_o way_n of_o contract_n or_o bargain_n whatsoever_o he_o say_v again_o that_o by_o former_a alteration_n of_o money_n never_o be_v there_o a_o penny_n get_v which_o he_o never_o have_v a_o certain_a mean_n to_o know_v whence_o his_o sentence_n seem_v bold_a and_o ignorant_a and_o so_o we_o say_v who_o more_o bold_a than_o the_o blind_a and_o brave_a but_o he_o shall_v have_v say_v not_o only_o that_o they_o do_v not_o get_v by_o it_o but_o that_o they_o never_o avoid_v any_o great_a inconvenience_n by_o it_o but_o that_o they_o often_o do_v and_o that_o we_o now_o seek_v and_o endeavour_v to_o do_v the_o rest_n of_o this_o paragraph_n be_v but_o threat_v and_o prophecy_n without_o ground_n or_o proof_n next_o he_o deny_v the_o rise_n of_o the_o value_v of_o gold_n or_o silver_n in_o any_o other_o part_n of_o europe_n except_v in_o england_n only_o and_o there_o he_o do_v not_o deny_v that_o it_o be_v rise_v what_o be_v his_o reason_n for_o that_o why_o it_o be_v because_o our_o trade_n be_v lose_v witness_v the_o vast_a foreign_a trade_n drive_v in_o london_n at_o the_o time_n when_o he_o write_v extreme_o now_o abate_v by_o the_o ill_a management_n of_o our_o money_n his_o second_o reason_n why_o the_o value_n of_o silver_n be_v raise_v in_o england_n be_v our_o pride_n and_o luxury_n he_o shall_v have_v show_v how_o much_o and_o wherein_o the_o pride_n and_o luxury_n of_o england_n exceed_v that_o of_o france_n spain_n italy_n germany_n or_o that_o of_o his_o admire_a country_n of_o holland_n or_o else_o i_o can_v allow_v of_o this_o reason_n any_o more_o than_o of_o the_o former_a his_o three_o assertion_n be_v true_a viz._n that_o our_o expense_n abroad_o have_v be_v great_a and_o that_o have_v occasion_v a_o great_a transport_n and_o drain_n of_o our_o money_n but_o how_o or_o why_o that_o make_v silver_n dear_a in_o england_n than_o it_o be_v in_o other_o country_n i_o do_v not_o understand_v true_a it_o be_v we_o can_v afford_v to_o give_v so_o much_o of_o our_o money_n for_o a_o ounce_n of_o silver_n as_o other_o people_n who_o money_n be_v light_a or_o courser_n can_v afford_v to_o do_v but_o let_v we_o lighten_v our_o money_n or_o set_v a_o great_a rate_n or_o value_v upon_o it_o then_o may_v it_o give_v more_o money_n for_o a_o ounce_n of_o silver_n and_o that_o save_v our_o author_n opinion_n will_v make_v it_o much_o more_o plentiful_a among_o we_o he_o say_v i_o return_v now_o to_o tell_v you_o that_o if_o we_o raise_v our_o money_n the_o price_n of_o commodity_n will_v rise_v with_o it_o true_a and_o than_o it_o will_v be_v the_o occasion_n of_o great_a justice_n i_o have_v say_v and_o do_v say_v of_o no_o injustice_n at_o all_o next_o he_o say_v the_o raise_n of_o guineas_n to_o 30_o s._n raise_v the_o price_n of_o all_o the_o good_n in_o england_n and_o i_o say_v of_o the_o land_n also_o and_o what_o harm_n be_v there_o in_o that_o why_o they_o buy_v and_o sell_v our_o good_n in_o holland_n to_o great_a profit_n by_o that_o mean_n i_o say_v it_o do_v not_o much_o concern_v we_o what_o profit_n the_o hollander_n make_v of_o they_o so_o as_o they_o buy_v they_o of_o we_o at_o a_o more_o than_o ordinary_a rate_n and_o we_o can_v help_v the_o inconvenience_n of_o a_o high_a exchange_n or_o price_n for_o the_o return_n of_o money_n so_o long_o as_o we_o have_v great_a need_n of_o money_n there_o for_o the_o pay_n of_o our_o army_n and_o maintenance_n of_o our_o court_n in_o those_o country_n next_o he_o agree_v that_o guineas_n be_v worth_a 27_o s._n in_o holland_n and_o that_o whoso_o obtain_v they_o in_o england_n at_o 22_o s._n may_v by_o carry_v they_o into_o holland_n make_z 5_o s._n clear_a gain_n by_o they_o and_o each_o of_o they_o and_o he_o thank_v the_o parliament_n for_o give_v the_o hollander_n a_o opportunity_n so_o to_o do_v but_o i_o believe_v it_o will_v be_v long_o enough_o before_o they_o have_v the_o public_a thanks_o of_o the_o nation_n for_o their_o so_o do_v second_o he_o say_v the_o exchange_n viz._n the_o price_n of_o return_v money_n from_o hence_o to_o holland_n be_v 20_o per_fw-la cent._n i_o say_v that_o shall_v not_o be_v so_o if_o we_o can_v help_v it_o but_o the_o great_a need_n we_o have_v of_o money_n in_o those_o part_n for_o the_o support_n of_o our_o court_n and_o army_n compel_v we_o to_o suffer_v the_o great_a inconvenience_n of_o it_o and_o the_o loss_n which_o we_o sustain_v by_o it_o and_o he_o shall_v do_v wonderful_a well_o if_o he_o will_v show_v we_o any_o way_n to_o help_v it_o but_o it_o seem_v his_o business_n be_v to_o find_v fault_n and_o raise_v complaint_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n endeavour_v only_o to_o obstruct_v such_o proposal_n as_o be_v study_v and_o intend_v for_o the_o remedy_n of_o they_o next_o he_o say_v guineas_n can_v be_v coin_v at_o amsterdam_n as_o well_o as_o london_n true_a but_o will_v they_o coin_v gold_n which_o go_v at_o 27_o s._n there_o and_o send_v it_o over_o to_o england_n to_o go_v for_o 26_o s._n there_o if_o they_o do_v so_o their_o discretion_n will_v be_v admirable_a but_o they_o be_v no_o such_o fool_n but_o he_o sometime_o admire_v they_o and_o sometime_o impose_v upon_o they_o as_o his_o occasion_n may_v require_v pag_n 4._o he_o speak_v of_o allow_v two_o sort_n of_o money_n the_o one_o light_n and_o the_o other_o heavy_a i_o agree_v that_o will_v be_v very_o inconvenient_a second_o he_o be_v again_o at_o his_o old_a principle_n that_o the_o state_n have_v no_o real_a power_n to_o raise_v or_o depress_v the_o value_n of_o our_o money_n always_o by_o i_o deny_v and_o often_o refute_v still_o he_o insist_o it_o be_v the_o weight_n and_o fineness_n of_o the_o money_n that_o give_v the_o value_n not_o the_o authority_n of_o the_o government_n he_o add_v observe_v that_o i_o say_v that_o have_v be_v often_o enough_o observe_v to_o be_v a_o false_a and_o fallacious_a principle_n direct_o opposite_a to_o the_o law_n of_o the_o land_n and_o constant_a practice_n of_o our_o kingdom_n the_o forego_v paragraph_n grow_v from_o cast_v my_o eye_n upon_o page_n 2._o instead_o of_o page_n 4._o pag._n 4._o he_o confess_v that_o some_o swede_n and_o dane_n do_v contract_n to_o be_v pay_v in_o our_o milled_a money_n seven_o or_o eight_o year_n ago_o and_o that_o prove_v they_o find_v a_o benefit_n in_o the_o weightiness_n of_o it_o and_o yet_o he_o will_v not_o have_v it_o light_a why_o even_o because_o he_o will_v not_o have_v occasion_n give_v man_n to_o say_v that_o english_a man_n be_v like_o french_a man_n and_o give_v to_o change_v next_o he_o put_v a_o case_n upon_o a_o point_n of_o foreign_a trade_n and_o deal_v wherein_o i_o grant_v our_o state_n authority_n can_v prevail_v for_o that_o authority_n can_v only_o reach_v to_o their_o own_o subject_n so_o his_o case_n be_v grant_v there_o be_v non_fw-fr sequitur_fw-la in_o it_o next_o he_o say_v man_n pretend_v that_o by_o lightning_n our_o money_n it_o will_v keep_v it_o in_o the_o nation_n second_o that_o gold_n and_o silver_n be_v rise_v in_o other_o place_n of_o europe_n three_o bullion_n be_v now_o near_o 6_o s._n a_o ounce_n these_o pretence_n he_o say_v be_v the_o chief_a argument_n for_o lightning_n of_o our_o coin_n and_o if_o one_o can_v sound_o confute_v they_o the_o cause_n of_o lightning_n of_o our_o money_n will_v be_v quite_o remove_v and_o take_v away_o true_a they_o will_v be_v so_o well_o then_o say_v he_o i_o will_v answer_v and_o destroy_v they_o all_o in_o a_o few_o word_n viz._n by_o say_v that_o all_o those_o pretence_n and_o assertion_n be_v absolute_o false_a he_o say_v bullion_n never_o be_v worth_n more_o of_o our_o good_a and_o unclipt_a money_n than_o 5_o s._n 2_o d._n per_fw-la ounce_n i_o say_v that_o he_o have_v confess_v the_o voice_n of_o common_a fame_n oppose_v he_o in_o this_o point_n and_o therefore_o he_o ought_v to_o have_v be_v somewhat_o particular_a and_o wherein_o the_o proof_n of_o this_o his_o positive_a assertion_n and_o for_o want_v of_o such_o proof_n i_o can_v but_o take_v leave_n to_o suspend_v my_o belief_n of_o it_o well_o say_v his_o poor_a spokesman_n rogers_n if_o lightning_n our_o money_n will_v not_o be_v a_o great_a mean_n to_o keep_v it_o in_o the_o kingdom_n what_o other_o course_n can_v
fere_n which_o will_v rise_v to_o 45_o s._n per_fw-la thousand_o and_o to_o 225_o l._n in_o the_o 1000000_o and_o to_o 2250_o l._n in_o the_o million_o of_o money_n if_o his_o majesty_n may_v make_v this_o profit_n which_o will_v rise_v from_o the_o over-weight_n which_o be_v in_o the_o 80_o l._n above_o the_o 100_o l_o i_o pray_v the_o exchange_n may_v pass_v upon_o that_o foot_n but_o if_o his_o officer_n or_o minister_n must_v lick_v this_o petty_a profit_n of_o their_o finger_n and_o put_v it_o into_o their_o own_o purse_n as_o the_o case_n be_v very_o likely_a to_o fall_v out_o than_o i_o wish_v the_o exchange_n may_v pass_v upon_o the_o other_o foot_n of_o exchange_v weight_n for_o weight_n of_o the_o one_o sort_n as_o of_o the_o other_o so_o as_o the_o subject_n may_v have_v that_o small_a profit_n rather_o than_o the_o minister_n enrich_v themselves_o by_o it_o but_o upon_o the_o whole_a matter_n of_o this_o proposal_n there_o must_v be_v provide_v a_o great_a bank_n of_o our_o new_a money_n in_o the_o king_n hand_n and_o disposal_n that_o his_o officer_n may_v be_v able_a to_o pay_v with_o the_o one_o hand_n as_o they_o receive_v with_o the_o other_o or_o the_o traffic_n and_o trade_n of_o this_o exchange_n will_v prove_v very_o slack_a and_o inconsiderable_a for_o man_n will_v not_o part_v with_o the_o good_a and_o heavy_a money_n in_o their_o own_o present_a possession_n for_o ticket_n and_o tally_n nor_o perhaps_o upon_o any_o credit_n that_o can_v be_v propound_v to_o they_o and_o therefore_o this_o trade_n must_v needs_o be_v drive_v by_o the_o present_a money_n on_o both_o side_n or_o else_o the_o design_n will_v prove_v abortive_a and_o in_o like_a manner_n for_o the_o clip_v money_n if_o it_o may_v pass_v at_o 6_o s._n 8_o d._n per_fw-la ounce_n by_o weight_n it_o will_v not_o ready_o come_v into_o the_o mint_n except_o there_o be_v new_a money_n ready_a to_o pay_v for_o it_o at_o that_o rate_n but_o this_o provision_n be_v make_v all_o the_o money_n and_o even_o silver_n in_o the_o kingdom_n will_v be_v ready_a to_o flow_v into_o our_o mint_n and_o from_o foreign_a part_n to_o be_v coin_v and_o remain_v among_o we_o because_o we_o shall_v set_v a_o little_o high_a rate_n and_o value_n upon_o it_o than_o that_o which_o it_o yet_o bear_v among_o our_o neighbour_n nation_n also_o by_o this_o mean_n all_o will_v be_v soon_o convert_v into_o one_o sort_n and_o species_n of_o money_n which_o be_v the_o thing_n propound_v to_o be_v perform_v in_o this_o second_o observation_n my_o 3d_o and_o last_o observation_n will_v concern_v the_o dangerous_a and_o corrode_a canker_n which_o eat_v out_o the_o very_a bowel_n of_o our_o english_a treasure_n and_o money_n viz._n the_o gripe_a extortion_n lay_v upon_o we_o by_o our_o next_o neighbour_n and_o confederate_n in_o the_o low_a country_n of_o holland_n and_o flanders_n they_o know_v we_o have_v press_v need_n of_o money_n in_o their_o part_n for_o the_o payment_n of_o our_o army_n and_o support_v of_o our_o court_n there_o and_o their_o merchant_n make_v the_o uttermost_a advantage_n which_o they_o can_v of_o such_o necessity_n and_o therefore_o though_o our_o money_n lie_v ready_a in_o england_n for_o such_o purpose_n or_o the_o credit_n which_o we_o offer_v for_o that_o purpose_n be_v never_o so_o good_a and_o unquestionable_a they_o will_v not_o return_v this_o money_n for_o we_o into_o their_o low_a country_n nor_o pay_v our_o bill_n charge_v upon_o they_o for_o those_o purpose_n at_o a_o less_o rate_n or_o price_n than_o 20_o per_fw-la cent_z allowance_n for_o supply_v the_o necessity_n which_o grow_v upon_o we_o from_o the_o occasion_n before_o express_v this_o 20_o per_fw-la cent_z in_o the_o return_n of_o every_o million_o amount_n to_o the_o sum_n of_o 200000_o l._n whence_o if_o the_o king_n expend_v two_o million_o and_o a_o half_a in_o those_o part_n yearly_a according_a to_o our_o former_a computation_n and_o this_o be_v pay_v by_o return_n through_o those_o country_n our_o king_n and_o nation_n must_v perfect_o lose_v and_o cast_v away_o the_o sum_n 500000_o l._n per_fw-la annum_fw-la for_o which_o according_a to_o our_o proverbial_a expression_n the_o english_a nation_n or_o people_n must_v neither_o eat_v nor_o drink_v this_o be_v a_o vast_a yearly_a charge_n and_o even_o unsupportable_a to_o the_o state_n of_o the_o kingdom_n the_o very_a apprehension_n and_o remembrance_n of_o it_o be_v a_o grievous_a and_o afflictive_a burden_n to_o those_o who_o will_v concern_v themselves_o for_o the_o support_n and_o welfare_n of_o their_o native_a country_n and_o my_o intent_n be_v to_o offer_v this_o great_a suffer_v to_o the_o consideration_n and_o feel_n of_o such_o person_n that_o so_o they_o may_v all_o lay_v it_o to_o heart_n and_o thence_o be_v stimulate_v provoke_v and_o stir_v up_o by_o all_o the_o stretch_v of_o their_o wit_n and_o industry_n of_o their_o hand_n to_o prevent_v and_o cure_v this_o miserable_a loss_n and_o consumption_n of_o our_o money_n or_o at_o least_o in_o some_o measure_n to_o diminish_v or_o aleviate_v the_o same_o i_o will_v therefore_o recommend_v this_o matter_n to_o the_o man_n of_o state_n and_o especial_o to_o the_o commissioner_n of_o the_o treasury_n and_o next_o to_o the_o commissioner_n for_o the_o regulation_n of_o trade_n and_o by_o name_n to_o my_o examine_v author_n mr._n lock_v and_o to_o all_o other_o person_n of_o skill_n and_o activity_n in_o the_o kingdom_n exhort_v every_o one_o of_o they_o according_a to_o their_o several_a station_n and_o ability_n to_o study_v and_o endeavour_v the_o removal_n of_o this_o miserable_a loss_n and_o calamity_n from_o we_o or_o to_o make_v it_o more_o tolerable_a than_o at_o present_a we_o find_v it_o and_o that_o i_o may_v begin_v with_o cast_v my_o mite_n into_o this_o treasury_n of_o merit_n i_o pretend_v to_o offer_v two_o proposal_n each_o of_o which_o may_v possible_o prove_v in_o some_o measure_n remedial_a of_o this_o our_o forename_a malady_n and_o consumption_n the_o first_o be_v that_o a_o considerable_a part_n of_o the_o kingdom_n treasure_n may_v be_v employ_v in_o traffic_n and_o for_o that_o purpose_n his_o majesty_n may_v have_v factor_n and_o factory_n storehouse_n and_o magazine_n in_o his_o city_n of_o london_n portsmouth_n plymouth_n bristol_n chester_n dublin_n and_o two_o more_o good_a port_n of_o ireland_n for_o the_o west_n and_o yarmouth_n hull_n newcastle_n edinburgh_n and_o some_o more_o northern_a port_n of_o scotland_n for_o the_o east_n and_o that_o the_o king_n factor_n buy_v with_o his_o money_n or_o such_o credit_n as_o they_o can_v fair_o and_o free_o obtain_v such_o sort_n of_o commodity_n in_o the_o adjacent_a country_n as_o be_v most_o likely_a to_o be_v of_o ready_a vent_n in_o the_o low_a country_n viz._n all_o sort_n of_o necessary_n for_o eat_v drink_v and_o wear_v and_o tin_n lead_v timber_n saltpetre_n or_o nitre_n iron_n canvas_n cordage_n coal_n and_o other_o like_a commodity_n and_o that_o he_o have_v in_o the_o low_a country_n other_o factory_n at_o antwerp_n amsterdam_n rotterdam_n middleburgh_n dort_n or_o other_o place_n for_o the_o reception_n and_o vend_v all_o the_o say_a commodity_n which_o shall_v come_v from_o his_o own_o dominion_n or_o may_v be_v procure_v by_o truck_n and_o tade_n from_o the_o elb._n the_o baltic_a or_o other_o northern_a country_n these_o vend_v in_o the_o low_a country_n for_o ready_a money_n or_o good_a credit_n may_v stop_v a_o great_a part_n of_o our_o leak_n and_o by_o degree_n may_v make_v our_o vessel_n more_o staunch_a and_o steady_a than_o heretofore_o it_o have_v be_v private_a man_n have_v often_o grow_v rich_a by_o the_o gain_n of_o such_o traffic_n but_o if_o the_o king_n make_v but_o his_o own_o of_o it_o he_o will_v be_v satisfy_v by_o save_v 20_o per_fw-la cent_z for_o the_o return_n of_o so_o much_o money_n nay_o and_o if_o he_o lose_v 5_o per_fw-mi cent_z in_o his_o trade_n he_o will_v save_v 15_o per_fw-mi cent_z in_o his_o return_v and_o if_o he_o lose_v 10_o per_fw-mi cent_z or_o 15_o per_fw-mi cent_z in_o the_o trade_n he_o will_v still_o save_v 10_o or_o 5_o per_fw-mi cent_z in_o his_o return_v it_o be_v true_a nihil_fw-la simul_fw-la inventum_fw-la &_o perfectum_fw-la and_o therefore_o man_n ought_v to_o begin_v with_o lesser_a trial_n which_o if_o prosperous_a will_v grow_v to_o more_o perfection_n by_o degree_n and_o if_o this_o or_o a_o like_a proposal_n do_v hit_v divers_a benefit_n may_v arise_v from_o it_o our_o country_n commodity_n may_v thereby_o rise_v in_o their_o value_n it_o may_v give_v employment_n to_o many_o subject_n and_o to_o seaman_n and_o their_o vessel_n it_o may_v cause_v our_o coast_n to_o be_v better_o guard_v for_o protection_n of_o the_o king_n be_v good_n not_o suffer_v our_o man_n of_o war_n to_o fleep_v out_o their_o time_n in_o torbay_n as_o they_o have_v be_v too_o much_o accustom_v to_o do_v but_o put_v they_o in_o active_a guard_n at_o least_o upon_o our_o coast_n so_o long_o as_o the_o season_n of_o the_o summer_n and_o temperate_a weather_n will_v permit_v my_o second_o proposal_n for_o a_o measure_n of_o remedy_n in_o our_o beforementioned_a case_n may_v be_v make_v by_o the_o most_o beneficial_a management_n of_o gold_n and_o guineas_n among_o we_o i_o have_v before_o calculate_v the_o exact_a value_n of_o a_o guinea_n in_o our_o new_a and_o light_a money_n to_o be_v 28_o s._n 6_o d._n this_o guinea_n i_o take_v to_o go_v in_o holland_n at_o the_o rate_n of_o 27_o old_a shilling_n which_o be_v a_o eight_o part_n better_o than_o the_o new_a whence_o those_o 27_o shilling_n be_v 5_o shilling_n at_o least_o better_a than_o our_o 28_o s._n 6_o d._n if_o then_o we_o obtain_v guineas_n here_o at_o the_o rate_n of_o 28_o s._n 6_o d._n and_o put_v they_o off_o in_o holland_n at_o such_o 27_o s._n we_o may_v save_v the_o whole_a 20_o per_fw-la cent_z return_n and_o gain_n beside_o 2_o s._n or_o 3_o s._n in_o every_o guinea_n but_o if_o i_o shall_v count_v with_o mr._n lock_v the_o 20_o per_fw-la cent_z out_o of_o the_o 27_o s._n it_o will_v reduce_v the_o 27_o s._n to_o the_o value_n of_o our_o light_a money_n and_o then_o we_o shall_v buy_v at_o the_o value_n of_o 28_o s._n 6_o d._n and_o sell_v ht_v 27_o s._n by_o this_o mart_n we_o shall_v lose_v but_o 5_o per_fw-mi cent_z and_o that_o will_v save_v we_o 15_o per_fw-mi cent_z of_o our_o 20._o and_o if_o we_o shall_v buy_v at_o 30_o s._n and_o sell_v at_o 27_o s._n it_o be_v a_o loss_n but_o of_o 10_o per_fw-mi cent_z and_o will_v save_v we_o other_o 10._o if_o we_o buy_v at_o 31_o s._n 6_o d._n and_o for_o 27._o we_o shall_v lose_v but_o 15_o per_fw-mi cent_z and_o be_v still_o savour_v of_o 5_o per_fw-la cent._n these_o medium_n i_o leave_v as_o proposal_n to_o be_v well_o consider_v and_o far_o improve_v or_o set_v aside_o by_o put_v better_a proposal_n in_o their_o stead_n and_o not_o by_o let_v the_o matter_n fall_v without_o procure_v some_o redress_n in_o it_o and_o herewith_o shall_v be_v cut_v off_o the_o thread_n of_o this_o discourse_n in_o which_o i_o have_v not_o shun_v or_o forbear_v to_o declare_v to_o my_o country_n the_o true_a and_o whole_a state_n of_o the_o matter_n now_o in_o agitation_n as_o far_o as_o my_o knowledge_n can_v extend_v and_o i_o pray_v god_n to_o give_v it_o a_o success_n suitable_a to_o the_o integrity_n good_a affection_n and_o intention_n of_o the_o writer_n who_o hope_v he_o have_v in_o it_o a_o superior_a assistance_n and_o desire_n there_o may_v be_v render_v to_o the_o only_a great_a fountain_n of_o be_v and_o goodness_n the_o whole_a honour_n and_o glory_n and_o all_o the_o thanks_o praise_n and_o acclamation_n of_o the_o universe_n for_o evermore_o amen_n finis_fw-la