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ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A17946	The historie of Cambria, now called Wales: a part of the most famous yland of Brytaine, written in the Brytish language aboue two hundreth yeares past: translated into English by H. Lhoyd Gentleman: corrected, augmented, and continued out of records and best approoued authors, by Dauid Powel Doctor in diuinitie	Caradoc, of Llancarvan, d. 1147?; Powell, David, 1552?-1598.; Llwyd, Humphrey, 1527-1568.; Price, John, Sir, 1502?-1555.	1584 (1584)	STC 4606; ESTC S121940	250,742	447

we despise your fatherhoods requests and painefull trauell but with all hartie reuerence according to our dutie do accept the same Neither yet shall it be needefull for the lord the king to vse anie force against vs seeing we are redie to obeie him in all things our rights and lawes as aforesaid reserued And although the kingdome of England be vnder the speciall protection of the sea of Rome and with speciall loue regarded of the same yet when the lord the Pope and the court of Rome shall vnderstand of the great damages which are done vnto vs by the Englishmen to wit the articles of the peace concluded and sworne vnto violated and broken the robbing and burning of churches the murthering of ecclesiasticall persons aswell religious as secular the slaughter of women great with child and children sucking their mothers brests the destroieng of hospitals and houses of religion killing the men and women professed in the holie places and euen before the altars we hope that your fatherhood and the said court of Rome will rather with pittie lament our case than with rigour of punishment augment our sorow Neither shall the kingdome of England be in anie wise disquieted or molested by our meanes as is affirmed so that we may haue the peace dulie kept and obserued towards vs and our people Who they be which are delited with bloodshed and warre is manifestlie apparant by their deedes and behauiour for we would liue quietlie vpon our owne if we might be suffered but the Englishmen comming to our countrie did put all to the sword neither sparing sex age or sicknesse nor any thing regarding churches or sacred places the like whereof the VVelshmen neuer committed That one hauing paid his ransome was afterward slaine wee are right sorie to heare of it neither do we maintaine the offender who escaping our hands keepeth himselfe as an outlaw in the woods and vnknowne places That some began the warre in a time not meete and conuenient that vnderstood not we of vntill now and yet they which did the same do affirme that in case they had not done as they did at that time they had beene slaine or taken themselues being not in safetie in their owne houses and forced continuallie for safegard of their liues to keepe themselues in armour and therefore to deliuer themselues from that feare they tooke that enterprise in hand Concerning those things which we commit against God with the assistance of his grace we will as it becommeth Christians repent and turne vnto him Neither shall the war on our part be continued so that we be saued harmlesse and may liue as we ought but before we be disinherited or slaine we must defend our selues as well as we may Of all iniuries and wrongs done by vs we are most willing and readie vpon due examination and triall of all trespasses and wrongs committed on both sides to make amends to the vttermost of our power so that the like on the kings side be performed in like maner towards vs and our people and to conclude and stablish a peace we are most readie but what peace can be established when as the kings charter so solemnlie cōfirmed is not kept and performed Our people are dailie oppressed with new exactions we send vnto you also a note in writing of the wrongs and iniuries which are done vnto vs contrarie to the forme of the peace before made VVe haue put our selues in armour being driuen therevnto by necessitie for we and our people were so oppressed troden vnderfoote spoiled and brought to slauerie by the kings officers contrarie to the forme of the peace concluded against iustice none otherwise than if we were Saracens or Iewes whereof we haue often times complained vnto the king and neuer could get any redresse but alwaies those officers were afterwards more fierce and cruell against vs. And when those officers through their rauine and extortion were enriched other more hungrie than they were sent afresh to flea those whom the other had shorne before so that the people wished rather to die than liue in such oppression And now it shall not be needefull to leuie anie armie to war vpon vs or to moue the prelats of the church against vs so that the peace may be obserued duelie and trulie as before is expressed Neither ought your holie fatherhood to giue credit to all that our aduersaries do allege against vs for euen as in their deeds they haue and do oppresse vs so in their words they will not sticke to slander vs laieng to our charge what liketh them best Therefore for asmuch as they are alwaies present with you and we absent from you they oppressing and we oppressed we are to desire you euen for his sake from whom nothing is hid not to credit mens words but to examine their deeds Thus we bid your holines farewell Dated at Garth Celyn in the feast of S. Martine Certeine greefes sent from Lhewelyn to the Archbishop translated word by word out of the records of the said Archbishop WHere that it is conteined in the forme of the peace concluded as foloweth 1 If the said Lhewelyn will claime anie right in anie lands occupied by anie other than by the lord the king without the said foure Cantreds the said lord the king shall doo him full iustice according to the lawes and customes of those quarters or parts where the said lands doo lie Which article was not obserued in the lands in Arustly and betwixt the waters of Dyui and Dulas for that when the said Lhewelyn claimed the said lands before the lord the king at Ruthlan and the king granted him the cause to be examined according to the lawes and customes of Wales and the aduocates of the parties were brought in and the Iudges which vulgarlie they call Ynnayd before the king to iudge of the said lands according to the lawes of Wales And the defendant appeared and answered so that the same daie the cause ought to haue béene fullie determined according to the appointment of our lord the king Who at his being at Glocester had assigned the parties the said daie and though the same cause was in diuers places often heard and examined before the Iustice and that the lands were in Northwales and neuer iudged but by the laws of Wales neither was it lawfull for the king but according to the lawes of Wales to proroge the cause all that notwithstanding he proroged the daie of his owne motion contrarie to the said lawes And at the last the said Lhewelyn was called to diuers places whither he ought not to haue béene called neither could he obteine iustice nor anie iudgement vnlesse it were according to the lawes of England contrarie to the said article of the peace And the same was doone at Montgomery when the parties were present in iudgement and a daie appointed to heare sentence they proroged the said daie contrarie to the foresaid lawes and at the last the king himselfe at

had by his wife Angharat the daughter of Owen Gwyneth prince of Northwales a sonne called Madoc who succeeded his father in that part of Powys called Powys Vadoc About the same time diuerse noble men of England died at Acon as Henrie Earle of Leycester the Earle Ferrers Ranulph de Fulgerijs Ranulph de Alta ripa In those daies VVilliam Marshall Geffrey Fitzpeter Hugh Bardulf and VVilliam Briwer were the nobles that bare most rule in England in the kings absence Then also Rees prince of Southwales wan the castell of Dynevowr and Owen his sonne died at Strata florida or Stratflur About this time king Richard wan the kingdome of Cypres and gaue it to Gwido king of Ierusalem vpon condition that he should release to Richard his claime of Ierusalem which he did Then the king being at Cyprus maried Berengaria the daughter of the king of Nauarra Shortlie after Maelgon the sonne of the lord Rees escaped out of prison where his father had kept him a long time But the lord Rees gat the castell of Lhanhayaden and the countrie about At that time Gruffyth ap Cadogan died Then king Richard after he had atchieued with his nobles the Earle of Leycester Bartholomew Mortimer Randulph de Malo leone N. de Furnevale Roger de Lacy William de Stagno Hugh de Neuella William de Porcell and Henrie Duch his standardbearer manie worthie deeds of arms against the infidels in his returne homeward through Austrich was taken prisoner by Lupold the duke thereof who presented him to Henrie the Emperour he kept him vntill he had paid him 200000. markes for his ransome laieng to his charge that he had spoiled the Ile of Sicilie in his viage towards the holie land The same yeare Roderike the sonne of Owen Gwyneth by the help of Gothrike king of Man entred the Ile of Môn and brought it to his subiection but before the end of the yeare the sonnes of his brother Conan chased him out of the Ile and got it themselues At this time Maelgon the sonne of Rees prince of Southwales laid siege to the castell of Stratmeyric and wanne it Also Howel surnamed Says that is to saie Saxon or English because he had serued in England sonne to the said prince Rees gat the castell of Gwys vpō the sudden tooke Philip de Gwys his wife his two sonnes prisoners therein Then because he had more castels than he could well defend he determined to rase the castell of Lhanhayaden but the Flemings hauing vnderstanding thereof gathered all their strength and came thither the daie appointed to rase the castell and set fierslie vpon the men of Howel and Maelgon and slewe manie of them putting the rest to flight Neuerthelesse they gathered a great power shortlie after and came thither againe and rased the castell to the ground without anie let or staie Upon this Anarawd the sonne also of prince Rees moued with filthie ambition and couetousnesse of lands tooke his two brethren Howel and Madoc prisoners vnder the color of freendship and put out both their eies In the yeare 1194. king Richard came into England and being at dinner in his litle hall of Westminster hearing that the French king besieged Vernoyle he sware that he would neuer turne his face till he had fought with him if he did abide caused the wall to be broken before him and so passed to Normandie and receiuing his brother Iohn to mercie raised the siege for the French king fled as soone as he heard of king Richards comming This yeare Maelgon sonne to prince Rees gaue his brother Anarawd the castell of Stratmeyric for his prisoners whom he set at libertie Then Rees himselfe did reedifie againe the castell of Rayader Gwy and his owne sonnes laid wait for him and tooke their father prisoner fearing least he would reuenge their cruell and vnnaturall deeds but by the meanes of Howel his sonne which was blind he escaped out of his sonne Maelgons prison and tooke the castell of Dineuwor which Maelgon kept and destroied it Also the sonnes of Cadwalhon ap Madoc of Melyenyth wan the castell of Rayder Gwy and fortified it for themselues At this time Lhewelyn the son of Iorwerth Drwyndwn who was the eldest sonne of Owen Gwyneth prince of Northwales remembring his right title to his inheritance of Northwales although his father had beene disinherited by his brother Dauid called togither his freends by his mother which was Marred the daughter of Madoc ap Meredyth prince of Powys and also drew to his side his coosins the sons of Conan ap Owen Gwyneth and so challenged the rule of Northwales and entred the countrie to whom the people willinglie yeelded and tooke him for their lord and so without bloodshed he receiued all Northwales to his subiection except three castels which his vncle Dauid kept by force of Englishmen in whom was all his trust because of his wife Emme aunt to the king of England And thus Dauid lost his land and Lhewelyn began to rule in the yeare of our Lord 1194. Lhewelyn ap Iorwerth Lhewelyn the sonne of Iorwerth the sonne of Owen Gwyneth called Leolinus Magnus The yeare ensuing there was a combat appointed betwixt the French king with fiue knights with him and king Richard with fiue other which should end all controuersies of which fight king Richard was glad but the French king like a snaile drew in his hornes and forsooke the battell And in Wales prince Rees gathered a great armie and laid siege to the towne and castell of Caermarthin and in short time wanne them both spoiling and destroieng the same and then returned with great bootie Then he lead his said armie to the marches before the castell of Clun which after a long siege and manie a fierse assault he got and burned it and from thence he went to the castell of Radnor and likewise wanne it to the defense whereof came Roger Mortimer and Hugh de Saye with a great armie of Normanes and Englishmen well armed and tried soldiours Then Rees which had wonne the castell determined not to keepe his men within the walles but boldlie like a worthie prince came into the plaine besides the towne and gaue them battell where his men although for the most part vnarmed and not accustomed to the battell declared that they came of Brytaines bloud whose title the noble Romane Emperours did so much desire as a token of manhood and worthines choosing rather to die with honour in the defense of their countrie than to liue with shame did so worthilie behaue themselues that their enimies forsooke the field with great losse of their men whom Rees pursued till the benefit of the night shadowed them with hir darknes and forthwith he laid siege to the castell of Payne in Eluel gat it Thither came William de Bruse the owner thereof and made peace with Rees of whom he receiued the same castell againe Not long after

which hapned vpon S. Leonards daie Thomas Walsingham writeth that the king lost in this viage a little before this fouretéene ensignes at which time the lord William de Audeley and the lord Roger Clifford the yoonger and manie other were slaine and the king himselfe was driuen to take the castell of Hope for his safegard In the meane time was the Earle of Glocester Sir Edmund Mortimer with an armie in Southwales where were manie that serued the king and there fought with the princes freends at Lhandeilo Vawr and gave them an overthrow wherein on the kings side yoong William de Valence his coosen germane and foure knightes more were slaine And all this while the Prince destroied the countrie of Caerdigan and all the lands of Rees ap Meredyth who serued the king in all these warres But afterward the prince separated himselfe from his armie with a few and came to Buelht thinking to remaine there quietlie for a while and by chance as he came by the water Wy there were Edmund Mortimer and Iohn Gifford with a great number of soldiours and either partie were abashed of other Edmund Mortimers men were of that country for his father was lord therof Then the prince departed from his men and went to the vallie with his esquire alone to talke with certeine lords of the countrie who had promised to meete him there Then some of his men seeing their enimies come downe from the hill kept the bridge called Pont Orewyn defended the passage manfullie till one declared to the Englishmen where a foord was a little beneath through the which they sent a number of their men with Helias Walwyn who suddenlie fell vpon them that defended the bridge in their backs and put them to flight The princes esquire told the Prince as he stood secretlie abiding the comming of such as promised to meete him in a little groue that he heard a great noise and crie at the bridge and the prince asked whether his men had taken the bridge and he said Yes Then said the Prince I passe not if all the power of England were vpon the other side But suddenlie behold the horssemen about the groue and as he would haue escaped to his men they pursued him so hard that one Adam Francton ranne him thorough with a staffe being vnarmed and knew him not and his men being but a few stood and fought boldlie euer looking for their Prince till the Englishmen by force of archers mixt with the horssemen wanne the hill and put them to flight And as they returned Francton went to spoile him whome he had slaine and when he saw his face he knew him verie well and stroke off his head and sent it to the king at the Abbie of Conwey who receiued it with great ioy and caused it to be set vpon one of the highest turrets of the Towre of London This was the end of Lhewelyn beetraied by the men of Buelht who was the last Prince of Brytaines blood who bare dominion and rule in Wales So that the rule and gouernment of the Brytaines euer continued in some place of Brytaine from the first comming of Brutus which was in the yeare before Christes incarnation 1136. to the yeare after Christ 1282. by the space of 2418. yeares Shortlie after that the King had brought all the countrie to his subiection the countrie men themselues brought to him Dauid the Princes brother whome he kept in Ruthlan castell and after put him to death at Shrewesburie Then the king builded two strong holdes in Northwales the one at Conwey and the other at Caernaruan When Rees Vachan hard how all things went he yeelded himselfe to the Earle of Hereford who at the kings commandement sent him to the Towre of London to be imprisoned there And so the king passed through all Wales and brought all the countrie in subiection to the crowne of England to this daie Thus endeth the Historie of the Brytish Princes The Princes of Wales of the blood royall of England collected for the most part out of the Records in the Towre Edward of Caernaruon Then the king hauing the countrie at his will gaue whole lordships and townes in the middest of Wales vnto English lords as the lordship of Denbigh to Henrie Lacy Earle of Lincolne the lordship of Ruthyn to the lord Reginald Gray second sonne to Iohn lord Gray of Wilton and other lands to manie of his nobilitie This Henrie Lacy lord of Denbigh was the sonne of Edmund Lacy the sonne of Iohn Lacy lord of Halton Pomfret and Constable of Chester who maried Margaret the eldest daughter and one of the heires of Robert Quincy Erle of Lincolne the said Henrie married Margaret the daughter and sole heire of William Longspee Earle of Sarum and had issue Edmund and Iohn which both died yoong of whom the one perished by a fall into a verie déepe well within the castell of Denbigh and a daughter named Alicia maried vnto Thomas Plantagenet Earle of Lancaster who was in the right of his said wife Earle of Lincolne and Sarum lord of Denbigh Halton Pomfret and constable of Chester After the death of the said Thomas king Edward the second gaue the lordship of Denbigh to Hugh lord Spencer Earle of Winchester after whose death the same lordship was giuen by king Edward the third Anno Regni sui primo as appeareth of Record to Roger Mortimer Earle of March with diuerse other lordships in the Marches in performance of the kings promise while he remained in France with his mother for the prouision of a thousand pound lands of a reasonable extent for the said Roger assoone as by Gods grace he should come to the possession of the crowne and kingdome of England Within few yeares after the Earle of March being attainted the said lordship of Denbigh was giuen by the same king to the lord Montagu Earle of Sarum but shortlie after An. 29. Ed. 3. it was restored againe with the Earldome of March to the Mortimers in the which house the same remained vntill the whole inheritance of the Mortimers came with a daughter to the house of Yorke and so to the crowne as appeareth before pag. 317. And now of late it was giuen by the Quéenes Maiestie that now is An. Regni sui 6. to the right honorable Robert Earle of Leycester who was then created Baron of Denbigh it is counted now one of the greatest and best lordships in England The lordship of Ruthyn continued in the possession of the Grayes vntill in the time of king Henrie the seuenth George Gray Earle of Kent and lord of Ruthyn passed the same vpon some bargaine to the king and now it is of the possession of the right honorable the Earle of Warwicke There came the same time with king Edward to Northwales diuerse Gentlemen who grew afterward to be men of great possessions in the countrie whose posteritie doo enioy the same to this daie Rees ap

kings of Brytaine bicause it was and is the strongest countrie within this Ile full of high mountaines craggie rocks great woods and deepe vallies strait and dangerous places deepe and swift riuers as Dyui which springeth in the hils of Merionyth and runneth Northwest through Mowthwy and by Machynlaeth and so the sea at Aberdyui diuiding North and Southwales a sunder Dee called in Welsh Dourdwy springing also in the other side of the same hils runneth East through Penlhyn and the lake Tegyd downe to Corwen and Lhangolhen betweene Chirkeland and Bromefield where it boweth Northward toward Bangor to the Holt and to Chester and thence Northwest to Flynt castell and so to the sea There is also Conwey rising likewise in Merionyth shire and diuiding Caernaruon from Denbigh shire runneth vnder Snowdon Northeast by the towne of Aberconwey to the sea Also Clwyd which rising in Denbigh land runneth downe to Ruthyn and plaine North not farre from Denbigh to Saint Asaph and so by Ruthlan and to the sea There be manie other faire riuers of which some runne to the sea as Mawr at Traethmawr and Auon y Saint at Caernaruon and other that runne to Seauerne as Murnwy in Powys and to Murnwy Tanat some other to Dee as Ceirioc betwixt the lordships of Chirke and Whittington Alyn through Yal and Moldes dale and Hope dale and so to Dee a little aboue Chester And this shall suffice for the perfect description of that which in old time was called Gwyneth and Powys and at these daies the sixe shires of Northwales Now remaineth the last kingdome of Wales called Dineuowr which although it was the greatest yet was it not the best as Giraldus witnesseth cheefelie bicause it was much molested with Flemings and Normans and also that in diuers parts thereof the lords would not obey their Prince as in Gwent and in Morganwc which was their owne confusion as shall hereafter appeare This was diuided into sixe parts of the which Caredigion was the first and conteined foure Cantreds and ten comots as Cantref Penwedic had in it these comots Geneurglyn Perueth and Creuthyn Cantref Canawl had these Meuenyth Anhunoc and Pennarth Cantref Castelh had these comots Mabwynion and Caerwedros Cantref Syrwen had these Gwenionyth and Iscoed and this part is at this daie called in English Caerdiganshire and in Welsh Swydh Aberteiui This is a champion countrie without much wood and hath beene diuers times ouercome with Flemings and Normans which builded manie castels in it and at the last were beaten out of them all It hath on the East Northwales with the riuer Dyui and part of Powys vpon the South Caermardhynshire vpon the West Penbroke shire with the riuer Teiui and vpon the North the Irish sea In this part is the towne of Caerdigan vpon Teiui not farre from the sea The towne of Aberystwyth vpon the riuer Ystwyth by the sea and Lhanbadarn Vawr which was a great sanctuarie and a place of religious and learned men in times past And in this shire were a great number of castels as the castell of Stratmeyric of Walter of Lhanrysted of Dynerth of the sons of Wyneaon of Aber Reidol and a great number more with the townes of Tregaron Lhandhewibreui as you shall vnderstand in the historie folowing The second part was called Dyuet and at this daie Penbroke shire and had in it eight Cantreds and 23. comots which were these Cantref Emlyn that had these comots Vwchkuch Iskuch and Leuethyr Cantref Arberth had these Penrhyn ar Elays Esterolef and Talacharn Cantref Daugledhev had these Amgoed Pennant and Euelfre Cantref YCoed hath these Lhanhayaden and Castelh Gwys Cantref Penvro hath these Coedyr haf Maenor byrr and Penvro Cantref Ros hath these Hulfforth castelh Gwalchmai and Ygarn Cantref Pubidioc hath these Mynyw Pencaer and Pebidioc Cantref Cemais hath these Vwchneuer Isneuer and Trefdraeth In this part are diuers townes and hauens at this daie as Penbrooke Tenbie in Welsh Dynbegh y pyscot Herefordwest in Welsh Hulfforth with the faire hauen of Mylford called in Welsh Aberdaugledheu Saint Dauids or Menevia called in Welsh Mynyw the cheefest see in all Wales Then Fiscard called Abergwayn and Newport named Trefdraeth these be alongst the sea coast or not verie farre off Besides these there be diuers castels as Cilgerran Arberth Gwys Lhanhayaden Walwyn and diuers other This part was wonne first by Mountgomerys Earles of Sherewsburie and after giuen Marshalls and so to Valence and from thence were the Princes of Wales most troubled with the Normans and Flemings who doo remaine and inhabit about Tenbie Penbrooke and in Ros to this daie which can neither Welsh nor good English as yet Dyuet for so will I call it hereafter hath on the West and North the Irish sea vpon the South the Spanish sea and vpon the East Caermardhynshire on the Northeast Caerdiganshire The third part was Caermardynshire hauing foure Cantreds and 15 comots as Cantref Finioc with the comots of Harfryn Deruedh and Isgeneny Cantref Eginoc with these Gwyr now in Glamorganshire Cydweli and Carnwilheon Cantref Bachan with these Malbaen Caeo and Maenor Deilo Cantref Mawr with these Cethineoc comot mab Elvyw comot mab Vchdryd and Wydigada In this shire are the townes and castels of Caermardhyn Dyneuowr which was the Princes seat of the countrie Newtowne Lhandeilo Lhanymdhyfry Emlyn Swansey now in Glamorganshire called in Welsh Abertawy vpon the sea the castell of the sonnes of Vchtryd of Lhanstephan and others It hath vpon the West Dyuet or Penbrooke shire on the North Caerdiganshire vpon the Southweast the sea and vpon the Southeast Glamorgan and vpon the East Brecknockshire This is counted the strongest part of all Southwales as that which is full of high mountaines great woods and faire riuers speciallie Tywy In this and in the other two parts of Southwales were the notablest acts that this historie intreateth of atchiued and doone The fourth called Morganwc now Glamorganshire containing foure Cantreds with 15. comots As Cantref Croneth with these comots Rwngneth ac Avan Tir yr Hwndrwd and Maenor Glynogwr Cantref Pennythen with these Meyskyn Glynrhodny Maenor Talauan and Maenor Ruthyn Cantref Brenhinol with these Cibowr Senghennyth Vwchcaeth and Iscaeth Cantref Gwentlhwg which is now in Monmouthshire with these comots Yrhardh Ganol and Eithafdylygion In this part are these townes and castels Lhandaf the Bishops sea Caerdyffe called Caerdhydh Cowbridge called in Welsh Y bont vaen which is as much to saie as Stonebridge Lantwyd Caerffyli and others and hath diuers riuers which runne to the south sea as Lay Taf Tawy Neth Avan Ogwr and Lhychwr it hath on the south the sea of Seauerne which diuideth it from Deuonshire and Cornewall vpon the Weast Northweast Caermardhynshire vpon the Northeast Brechnockshire and vpon the East Monmouthshire Of this you shall read verie little for one Iestyn being cheefe of the countrie and hauing warre with his neighbours called one Robert Fitzhamon with a great

to Brytaine Armorike where they remaine to this daie and gaue Lhoegria now England to the Saxons And albeit that Caduan Cadwalhon Cadwalader were sithence intituled Kings of all Brytaine yet they could neuer recouer againe the quiet possession of the whole Iland afterwards After the departure of Cadwalader out of the land the Brytaines were gouerned within the countrie of Wales or Cambria by those men whereof this historie following doth intreate which were commonlie called Kings of such prouinces and countries as they possessed vntill the time of Owen Gwyneth who being in the daies of King Stephen and Henrie the second was the first that named himselfe Prince of Wales and so the rest after him kept that title and stile and yet neuertheles they are sometimes called Princes before him and Kings after him as I haue obserued by diuers charters and old records which I haue séene in the Tower of London and else-where Howbeit this author calleth the chiefest of them Kings till the time of the said Owen and sithence Princes IVOR IVOR the sonne of Alan Wherevpon Kentwinus King of Westsex gathered a great number of Saxons and Angles together and came against the Brytaines which were readie to abide the battell and as the armies were both in sight they were not verie desirous to fight but fell to a composition and agreement that Iuor should take Ethelburga to wife which was cousen to Kentwyn and quietlie enioie all that he had during the reigne of Iuor This Iuor is he whom the English Chronicles do call Iue or Iew King of West Saxons that reigned after Cedwall and they saie that he was a Saxon for Kentwyn reigned but fiue yeares after Iuors comming to England and after him his nephew Cedwall who after he had reigned ouer the West Saxons two yeares went to Rome and left his kingdome to Iue his cousen This Iue or Iuor whome the Brytaines call the sonne of Alan and the Saxons the sonne of Kenred being King of the Saxons and Brytaines which inhabited the west partes of England after manie victories atchieued against the Kings of Kent Southsex and Mertia left his kingdome to Adelred or as some call him Adelerdus his cousen and tooke his iournie to Rome where he made a godly end about the yeare of our Lord 720. Of Cadwalader Cedwall and Iuor there be diuers opinions Some hold that Cadwalader and Cedwall are the selfesame man and that the Saxon writers call him Cedwall whome the Brytaines do name Cadwalader who as the Brytish Chronicles do affirme after his foresaid vision did resigne all his right title and interest in great Brytaine to the said Alan king of Brytaine Armorike and so despairing that either he or his should euer haue anie thing to doo there leauing his sonne Edwal Ywrch and his people to the ordering of his cousen Alan went to Rome But this opinion séemeth to varie from the assertion of Bernardus Guidonius But certainelie in mine opinion it is more probable that this Cedwall was Edwal the sonne of Cadwalader for the name Edoal which in the ancient Brytish copie is written Etoal may well agrée with that which Guidonius writeth and an easie matter it were especiallie in proper names for the C. capitall to créepe in which is almost all one with that character which the Lawyers do call a paraph and is vsed commonlie in all old text hands at the beginning of periods or sections Of this matter thus writeth Guidonius In suo pontificali Catalogo sub Sergio primo Per idem tempus Ethoal rex Brytonum cùm per decem annos multis regulis obuiasset plura mala illis irrogasset tandem ipsis in pacem deuenientibus super occidentales Saxones regnauit annis duobus Videns autem Brytanniam multis miserijs contritam regnum spreuit terrenum propter aeternum Romam veniens paucis diebus transactis migrauit ad Christum Et paulo post Hic ex toto illud regnum antiquissimum Brytonum corruit quod omnibus ferè regnis diuturnius fuit A tempore Heli Sacerdotis vsque ad hoc tempus per annos 1825. Rob. Caenalis lib. 2. per. 2. That is At the same time Ethoal King of the Brytaines when he had by the space of ten yeares warred with diuers Kings and often put them to the woorse at length growing to an agréement with them he reigned ouer the West Saxons two yeares and then perceiuing Brytaine to be ouerworne with miseries preferring the heauenlie kingdome before the earthlie came to Rome and within few daies died and in him ended wholie that ancient kingdome of the Brytaines which continued in a maner longer than anie other from Helie the priest to this time by the space of 1825. yeares Further it is not like that Iuor comming to the aid of Edwal his cousen would euer séeke the kingdome to himselfe and defeate the right heire but verie well it may be if this Iuor be that man whome the Saxon writers call Inas or Iue after these Brytaines had arriued in the south part of this realme and fought diuers times with the Saxon kings and continued in Cornewall Deuonshire and Somersetshire by the space of two yeares that they should afterwards méet Centwyn in the field and so fall to an agréement that Iuor taking Ethelburga the cousen of Centwyn to wife should enioie the kingdome of the West Saxons after Centwyn and that therevpon Edwal resigning his title and interest to Iuor departed to Rome and so died as Guidonius saith All this notwithstanding it séemeth by the report of other writers of verie good account that Inas or Iue king of the West Saxons whose lawes are extant in print set out by maister William Lamberd Esquier a woorthie searcher and preseruer of the antiquities of this land was not a Brytaine but a Saxon who had warre against the Brytaines diuers times and vanquished them Matth. West reporteth that Inas or Iue fought with Gerent King of the Brytaines I haue an ancient booke written as Iohn Leland thinketh by Iohn Castoreus or Beuer sometimes Monke of Westminster who liued in the time of Edward the third which reporteth the historie of Inas in this sort About the yeare of grace 689. Iuor and Henyr sonnes of the daughter of Cadwalader sometime King of Brytaine came ouer from Ireland and taking to their aid the two Kings of Wales destroied the prouince of Chester and sent messengers to the Saxon Kings commanding them to restore againe to the Brytaines the countrie of Lhoyger out of the which they had wrongfullie expelled their parents and ancesters adding that if they would not so doo within fiftéene daies they should not enioie it anie longer The which message Inas the noble King of Westsex signified vnto all the other Saxon Kings who soone met together in Mount Campeden to whom Sibertus King of Essex spake thus Deare frends and companions let vs