Selected quad for the lemma: king_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
king_n	work_v	world_n	worthy_a	28	3	5.7242	4	false

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ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A68397	The breuiary of Britayne As this most noble, and renowmed iland, was of auncient time deuided into three kingdomes, England, Scotland and Wales. Contaynyng a learned discourse of the variable state, [and] alteration therof, vnder diuers, as wel natural: as forren princes, [and] conquerours. Together with the geographicall description of the same, such as nether by elder, nor later writers, the like hath been set foorth before. Writen in Latin by Humfrey Lhuyd of Denbigh, a Cambre Britayne, and lately Englished by Thomas Twyne, Gentleman.; Commentarioli Britannicae descriptionis fragmentum. English	Llwyd, Humphrey, 1527-1568.; Twyne, Thomas, 1543-1613.	1573 (1573)	STC 16636; ESTC S108126	73,902	228

had purposed ended the warre requiryng yet moe pleadges of whom notwithstandyng he receaued but few So Caesar returned in to the continent such thynges as were vnquiet durynge his absence he appeased gayning nothyng to him selfe nor to the Citie of Rome out of Britayne but only the glorie of the expedition taken in hande Which both he himselfe did very much set foorth in woordes and the Romans extolled wonderfully at Rome In so muche that in consideration of these deedes so happely atcheeued they decreed a supplication or thankes gyuyng of twentie dayes And in another place The Britaynes callyng foorth their fellowes and communicatynge the effect of their entent vnto Suella who amongst all the Petiroyes or Erles of that Ilande was of greatest power they marched vnto the Roman shyppes where they rode at anker With whom the Romans meetynge at the first encounter were troubled with the Wagons but anon making a lane amongst them and auoyding the Wagons they cast their Dartes agaynst the enemie which cam runnyng in sidelonge vpon them and so restored the battell After this battell bothe partes stoode still in the same place and in another conflict when the barbarous people had ouercome the Roman footemen yet being discomfited by the horsemen retyred backe to the Riuer Thames Moreouer Herodian in the life of Seuerus writeth thus of the Britaynes For diuers places of Britayne sayeth he by common wasshyng in of the Oceane doo become Marish In these Marishes therefore the Earbarous people doo swymme and wade vp to the belly not regardyng the mierynge and durteynge of their naked bodies For they know not the vse of garments but they arme their bellies their neckes supposing that to be an ornament a token of ritches like as other barbarous people doo Golde They paynte also their bodies with diuers pictures and shapes of al manners of beastes liuyng thynges Wherfore they weare on nothinge least thereby they should hide the payntyng of their body It is a very warlike Nation and greedie of slaughter contented only with a narow Sheild and a Speare and a Sworde hangyng downe by their naked side They are altogether ignorant of the vse of the breastplate and headpeece taking them to be a let vnto them in passing ouer the Fennes and Marishes Besides these Eutropius of the French warre writeth thus Caesar passeth ouer into Britayne hauynge thereto prepared lxxx shippes partly for burthen and partly to fight and maketh warre vpon the Britaynes Where beyng first wearied with a sharpe battayle and afterward fallyng into a cruell tempest returned into Fraunce and so foorth And afterward Agayne at the beginnynge of the sprynge he sayled into Britayne where at the first encounter of the Horsemen he was vanquished and there was Labienus the Tribune slayne and at the seconde battayle with greate perill of his owne men he ouercame the Britaynes and constrayned them to flie Suetonius Tranquillus affirmeth that Vespasianus ouercame in battell two mightie and valiant nations of Britayne and that he faught thirtie times with the enemy which is a token of no cowardly but of a most stoute and warlike nation Eutropius also in the. ix booke of his hystory writeth thus When notwithstandyng Warre was in vayne made agaynst Carausius the Britayne a man very expert in martial assayres in the ende peace was concluded And Sextus Ruffus recityng the Roman Legions amonge the Legions of the mayster of the footemen reckneth vp Britannicians and British and amonge the Legions Comitalensis the seconde British Legion And again among the Legions of the mayster of the horsemen the French Britons and agayne Britons And afterward with the worthy approued erle of Spayne the inuincible yonger Britons And in an other place he numbreth the yonger British carriars with the Earle of Britayne But what shall it be needfull to tu●n ouer the woorkes of so many learned men that the glory of Britayne may appeare When as so many puissant kynges so many inuincible captaynes so many noble Roman Emperours spronge forth of the British bloud haue made manifest vnto the world by their noble actes wel worthy immortality what maner men this Iland bringeth foorth For what shall I speake of Brennus the tamer of the Romans and Grekes and almost of all the nations in the worlde What of Caswallan to whom as Lucane reporteth Iulius Caesar did turne his fearfull backe What of Cataracus who molested the people of Rome with warre the space of ix yeres What of Bunduica that valiant manlike dame Who to beginne with all and for han●●ll sake slew lxx thousand Romans Of whom such feare inuaded Rome and Italy as Virunnius writeth as neuer the like before neither at commynge of Brennus nor of Hannibal What of Aruiragus the inuincible kynge of Britayne Who in despite of the Romans whiche were Lordes of all the worlde preserued his libertie What of those noble Captaynes which faught thirtie times with Vespasian Who also with sorow and angwise of minde killed Seuerus the moste valiant Emperour bycause he coulde not ouercome them What as I say shal I speake of these when as Britayne hath yelded foorth communicated to the rest of the world Constantinus Magnus not only a most valiant and fortunate Captaine but that more is a perfect goodman and the first Emperour of the Christians instructed by Helene his Mother a Britayne also How much Fraunce and Italy for their deliuerie from Tyrannes are indebted vnto Britayne for this man which was brought foorth out of the midst of the bowels therof all men do well know only Polydorus excepted and William Petit the Monke his scholemayster of late brought to light vnworthy euer to haue seene light by the slaunderers detra●tours of the British glory And for as much as a certeine Frēchman of late daies and also an auncient Greeke author of the name of Maior affirme that he was borne at Dyrachiū called now Durazo I meane to brynge foorthe the most auncient wordes of the Panegyricus whiche was pronounced before Constantinus himselfe O sayth he most fortunate and now aboue all landes most blessed Britayne whiche diddest first beholde Constantinus the Emperour Nature hath worthely endued thee with all benefites of ayer and soyle in whom is neither ouermuch colde of Wynter nor heate of Summer Where there is also suche plentie of Corne that it suffiseth for the vse of Ceres and Liber that is to say for Bread and Drinke Where are also Wooddes without wilde and cruell beastes the Earth without hurtfull Serpentes Contrarywise of tame Cattell an innumerable multitude stroutyng with Milke and laden with Flieses with all other thynges necessarie and commodious for our life verie longe dayes and no nightes without some light whylst that vttermoste playnes of the Sea shoare rayseth no shadowe and the shew and aspect of the Starres of Heauen deo exceede the boundes of night that the Sunne which to vs seemeth to goe downe appeareth there but to

he did besides that there are many errata in erratis But perhappes some wil merueile what is my reason that I haue termed this worke in English the Breuiary of Britayne since it is not intitled so in Latine To them I answere that if they deeme of the Latine title a right they shal perceaue that I haue not strayed one iote from the authours meanyng For where he calleth this booke Commētarioli Britannicae descriptionis fragmentum that is to say a fragment of a litle treatise or discourse of the description of Britayne waygh and iudge indifferently good Reader how muche I haue gone byside the purpose And here peraduenture it may be looked for accordyng vnto the custome of some translatours I should fine and picke my penne to set foorth the commendation of mine authour as in very deede some of them had neede to do But I feare me much least in myne ouer rash attempt in takyng so worthy a writer in hand not beyng furnished with any greater skyll and learnynge in this his kinde then I am knowne to be I haue deserued iust blame and M. Lhuyd if he were liuynge woulde haue desired me of lesse acquaintance Whose passyng earnest traueile in attaynyng skil and knowledge hath deseruedly purchased vnto him immortal fame and so much the rather for that he hath therin endeuoured him selfe to doo his countrie good wherevnto all men are naturally bounden And not only contented to take the paynes for his owne knowledge sake but willing to pleasure other therby hath communicated the same vnto the worlde Which commendable example of his I trust shal be a prouocation vnto some other in this Realme that haue traueiled longe time and taken much paines in the searching out of antiquities and anncient Monuments of Britayne not without their greate charges Whose singular learnyng without suspition of partialitie I may not commende to attempte the l●k● ▪ 〈◊〉 that they be hindred b● 〈…〉 l●ng to do nothyng th 〈…〉 tie ought to be furtherers an 〈…〉 ●o others And for my parte I 〈…〉 en the paynes with hazard of mine e●emation for the English Readers sake whiche vnderstandeth not the Latine ●ongue To whom I thought it as 〈…〉 h appertayning to know the state and description of his owne country as to the learned be he Englishman or stranger Only for recompence gentle Reader let me haue thy good woorde and lawfull fauour and I aske no more Farewell hartly and enioy it ¶ A freind in prayse of the Authour THE British soyle with all therin that lies The surging Seas which compasse it about In what estate of heate or colde of skies It stands with many thinges of other rout Lhuyd in this booke hath put thē out of doubt Which though in viewe it be of body smale in breif discourse it doth comprise them all ¶ Ptolom his pen it seemes he had in hand Somtimes in Seas with NEPTVNE he did dwel IVNO to skies pluckt him to view the land Els surely could he not haue done so well That thus so right of euery thing doth tell As though he stoode aloft and downe did looke And what he saw wroat straight into his booke ¶ Ech Hill ech dale ech water worth the name With Forests wide and many a standing Wood Ech Citie Towne ech Castle great of fame Ech King prince spronge forth of noble blood Were bad his reigne or were it iust and good So much as skild him for to touch therin To tell the truth he forced not a pin ¶ Thy coūtry Lhuyd is bounden much to thee Which makest it vnto vs not only knowen But vnto such as in far countries be Wherby thy fame the greater way is flowen And eke thy countries praise the more is growē So by one deede two noble thinges are chanced Britayne and Lhuyd to heauen are aduanced ¶ In Latine thou the learned sort to please In single payne a double skill didst show In English Twyne hath turned for greater ease To those the ROMAN tongue that do not know The worke is one though tongues be twaynel trow The Latin thou the English Twyne did twyst The learned laud you both disprayse who lyst Finis Thomae Brounei Praebendarij VVestm in Commentariolos Britannicae descriptionis Humfredi Lhuyd Denbyghiensis Cambri Britanni FLumine Lhuyde fluis laxis effusus habenis Dulcis irrigno flumine LHVYDE fluis Nereides viridesque Deae pater Inachus aiunt Parnassi ex ipso vertice Lhuyde venis In mare dulcisono Lhuydus fluit amne Britannū Clamant Cluydae flumina Lhuydus adest Et nouus ille nouis auxit faelicius vndis Fontes Annales inclite Brute tuos Nomina vera docet Regionis fluminis vrbis Et cuiusque loci quae sit origo docet Vt vere scripsit sic vero interprete gaudet Sed Lhuydus Latij fluminis amne fluit Anglus hic interpres Romanum iam facit Anglū Scripsit vterque bene laus sit vtrique sua Ed. Grant Scholemaster of VVestminster in cōmendation of this treatise of Britanie pende in Latin by Hūfrey Lhuyd and translated into English by Tho. Twyne IF for to write of Brutus broode eche Britaynes brayne be bounde For zeale he owes to country soyle and eke his natiue grounde Then Wales may boast and iustly ioy that such a Britayne bred which hath with serious serche of brain and toylyng trauell spred Throughout the coasts of Britany and forrayne countries strange The liuely fame of Brutus name that through the world doth range That longe lay hid in dungeons darke obscurde by tract of time And almost smouldred with the smok● of ignorances crime But now reuiude and polished by Lhuyd his busie brayne And brought to light former frame by his exhausted payne Whose diligence and iudgement great I can but muse to see That with such skill doth paynt the prayse of Brute and Britanie That with such loue to countryes soyle doth bryng agayne to light The shinyng shape and stately stampe of that was darckned quight By whose endeuour Polidore must now surseace to prate To forge to lie and to defame kynge BRVTVS worthy state By whose great paynes proude Hector must now leaue of to bable Such vaunts as of his Scottish soyle Scot he whilom seemd to fable By Lhuid their brags be beaten downe their forgyng lies be spide And Britaine needs must chaleng fame that erst it was denide Lhuid findeth forth hir former fame and antique names doth tell And doth refute their forged lies that did of rancor smell Brutes worthy race is blazed here by trumpe of flickering fame And Lhuid it is a flowyng flud that hath reuiude the same Who though enterred now in earth yet shall he neuer die But liue amongs his Britanists by this his Britanie whose thread of life wold god the Fates had yet not sought to spoyle Then had wee had a larger scope of Brutus sacred soyle Go litle volume go thy wayes by Lhuid in Latin pende And new attir'd in English weede

were parted into twayne Wherof the one were called Scordisci and dwelled in Hungarye the other by the name of Brenni possessed parte of the Alpes by the mount Brennerus in Tirolensis shier whom Appianus calleth all by the name of Cymbri Which doo all shew that they were Britaynes For Bathynad in our country language signifieth a formed Iudge For Bath is beautie or forme Ynad with vs is a Iudge in authoritie next to the kynge For when Brennus was dead they chose him to their captayne Farther Yscar with vs is to seperate Yscaredic signifieth those which be seperated Wher of this part of Fraunce when it departed from the residew was termed Yscaredic from whence Scordisci is deriued retaynyng the name of Brennus captayne And Brynn in British is a Mountayne or Hill of whiche woorde Brynnerus was so called Ouer and besides this Gatheli or the Irishmen when as about this time they departed out of Cantabria now Biscay wandring vpon the Sea to seeke new dwellings called al Britaynes Brennach of Brennus their famous captayne by which name they call our countrimen to this day And thus much sufficeth to haue sayde of Brennus But wheras some affirme that the Frenchmen vsed the British tongue by certayne French wordes cited by Rhenanus Sidonius and Lazius it appeareth to be most false Notwithstanding I can not sufficiently marueyle that of the tongue of this most mighty nation whose bowndes are comprised by the Rhyn the Pyrenei mountes Appeninus and the Oceane there is almost no shew or token to be founde remayninge And that it was most auncient it appeareth out of Berosus Annius Giambularius and Postellus Wherby Gallia now Fraunce was so called of Rayne whiche the Hebrues call GAL and the Britaynes Glaw as who should say berayned or ouerslowed by the Diluge Notwithstanding the Spayniards although they were afflicted by the Romans the Catti the Alani the Vandali the Gothes the Sueui and Mauri or Moores yet in Cantabria called now BISCAY and ASTHVRIA ▪ for these are onlye the verie true Spanyardes and Hiberi they haue preserued their auncient spéeche For that which is cōmonly called the Spanish tongue is but a medly made out of the Latine Gothish and Arabick But let vs omit all these thynges and returne agayne vnto our Cambria called VVales whiche wee in our mother tongue doo terme Cymbri This more then foure hundred yeres since as Gyraldus hath very well noted the Englishmen after the fashion and maner of the Germans haue called VVallia that is VVales For when the auncient Almaines had sometime ioynyng next vnto them of Forreyners the Frenchmen whom they called VValli it came to passe that afterwarde they called all straungers and those whiche dwelt in other prouinces VValli and VVallisei Like as at this present as well Frenchmen as Italians and Burgundians they call VValli al thinges that come foorth of strange countries Walshe This co●ntry I say whiche that I may vse the woordes of Gyraldus by a false name yet most frequented at these dayes but lesse proper is called VVallia Wales conteyneth in length two hundred myles and aboute one hundred in breadth For it reacheth in length from the Hauen Gordwr in Mona called Anglysey vnto the hauen Eskewyn in Venta eight dayes iorney In breadth from Porth Mawr that is to say the greate hauen of Meneuia vnto Rhyd helig which the Britaynes cal Vadū Salicis the Englishmen Wyllowford aboute foure dayes iorney A land muche aboundynge and very well fortified with high Mountaines low Ualleyes great Woddes Waters ▪ Fennes In such sort that from time the Saxons first vsurped this Iland the residew of the Britaynes which departed into those coastes neither by the Englishmen longe agoe neither since by the Normans coulde be altogether subdued As for those which betooke them selues to the South corner whiche of their Captaynes name was called Conauia bycause it is not so well defensed were not able to resist For the thyrd part of the Britaynes whiche doo now remayne possessyng the Southerly sea coast of Fraunce a singulare good country was not trāslated thither after the destruction conquest of Britayne but longe euer that by Maximus the Tyran Who after many sharpe battayles which the British youth sustayned vnder him durynge those warres was with this farthermoste shoare of Fraunce rewarded by the Emperours liberalitie Thus far Gyraldus This country sometime was inhabited only by the Britaynes but after ward the Englishmen began to possesse it vnto Offas ditch agaynst whom the welshmen made infinite warres vntill the commynge of VVylliam the Norman Under whose sonne Henry the Flemminges beyng then driuen out of their country by breaking in of the sea tooke vpon them the possession of Rosse a prouince of Demetia Who in many warres were prouoked by the Princes of VVales but alwayes valiantly defended them selues and theirs and at this day differyng from the VVelshmen in tongue and maners are yet in the same place recompted for Flemmynges The kynges of Englande especially Henry the First the Second and Third of that name callynge vnto them the Scots Irishmen and Cantabre Gascons did very much prouoke and molest this nation with continuall warres But the VVelshmen beyng deuided vnder three kynges whome they called Princes whiche was the very cause of theyr destruction defended them selues and their owne stoutly Howbeit certaine Regions of South wales as Rosse Gla Morgan Wenta Brechnocke and parte of Powys by Robert sonne to Hammon and certeyne worthy Erles of Glocester the Brussij the Bohunes Brian Gylford Adam of Newmercate but specially by Roger Mountgomery and his sonnes Hago whiche was slayne in Anglysey Robert of BELISINE and ARNVLPH whiche builded the Castell of Penbroke and the Fytzalanes Lordes of Oswastrey Clun were quayled and tamed in many battayles came into the right possession of the conquerours And Gwynedh although that part therof whiche lieth on this side Conway was first weakned by the erles of Chester afterwarde by the forenamed kynges which at the Riuer Cluda sundrie times wasted all with fier and sworde nōtwithstandyng after the departure of the kynges they draue the Englishmen thence and raced their Castels downe to the grounde and alwayes defended theyr boundes Untill the yere of our Lorde a thousande two hundred fourescore two Edward the first of that name leading a mighty armie agaynst prince Lew●lyn and an other arriuyng in the I le of Angly●ey and vanquishynge the same from whence they entred into Aruon a region exceedyngly well fortified by naturall situation by a bridge made of boates in the very same place where sometime Agricola lead ouer his Souldiers Where the two armies ioynyng together vanquished a great multitude of the Gascons and Biernes with diuers other noble men brought them in subiection to the Englishmen When as also at the same time his third armie vnder the Erle of Glocest●e and Roger Martumar sacked and spoyled Southwales beyng