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A43199 Ductor historicus, or, A short system of universal history and an introduction to the study of that science containing a chronology of the most celebrated persons and actions from the creation to this time, a compendious history of ... transactions ... of the ancient monarchies and governments of the world, an account of the writings of the most noted historians ... together with definitions and explications of terms used in history and chronology, and general instructions for the reading of history / partly translated from the French of M. de Vallemont, but chiefly composed anew by W.J., M.A. Hearne, Thomas, 1678-1735.; Vallemont, abbé de (Pierre Le Lorrain), 1649-1721. Elémens de l'histoire. 1698 (1698) Wing H1309; ESTC R15760 279,844 444

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likelihood he was none of the Author of it It may be divided into 3 Parts 1. Until the VII Chapter it is an Exhortation to the Study and Love of Wisdom 2. To the X. Chapter it Explains the Origin of Wisdom 3. All the rest Describes the Effects and Productions of Wisdom XXVI Ecclesiasticus was Compos'd in imitation of Solomon's Ecclesiastes as may appear by the great number of Moral Sentences almost the same with his Iesus Son of Sirach writ it in Hebrew whereof S. Ierom says he has seen a Copy The Greater Prophets XXVII Isaiah of these is the Chief and most Excellent He himself has collected into one Volume all the Prophecies he made under the several Reigns of Osias Ioathan Ahaz Ezechias and even to the time of Manasses by whose Command according to the Tradition of the Iews he was cruelly Saw'd asunder with a wooden Saw XXVIII Ieremiah Prophecy'd for 45 Years to wit from the third Year of King Iosias to the fifth after the Taking of Ierusalem and Destruction of the Temple that is to say from the Year of the World 3375. to 3420. and 584 Years before the Birth of Christ. He was of the Sacerdotal Race He always declar'd after an undaunted manner against the Irregularities of his Time His Style according to S. Ierom is Mean as to Words but Majestick in its Thought The Prophet Baruch was his Secretary who in Collecting the several Prophecies which Ieremiah has made upon divers Occasions observ'd no order of Time This Holy Prophet was Ston'd by some impious Iews in Egypt who were not able to bear with the freedom of his Admonitions XXIX Baruch was Secretary and Disciple to Ieremiah which does not hinder but he might be of Noble Birth as Iosephus says he was He says himself that he wrote this Book of Prophesies in Babylon but it is not exactly known at what time XXX Ezechiel of the Sacerdotal Race was Transported under Iechonias into Babylon where he began to Prophesie the fifth Year after his Captivity His Book is all over full of Riddles and Figures and which 't is thought he affected to the end that the Caldeans might not be acquainted with the condition of Affairs among the Iews He foretold the Deliverance of this People the Reign of Messias the Calling of the Gentiles the establishing of the Church its Victories and the Downfall of its opposers XXXI Daniel descended of a Royal Stock was carried when but an Infant a Captive into Babylon by Nebuchodonozor He was Educated in the Learning of the Caldees for 3 Years It was about this time that he deliver'd Susanna accus'd by the two Vicious Elders and that but a little after he began to Prophesie The Iews will not allow him a place among the Prophets because say they he liv'd in the Babylonish Court rather like a Courtier than a Person inspir'd by God nevertheless Iesus Christ himself stiles him a Prophet The Twelve Minor Prophets XXXII Hoseas writ all the Prophesies that go under his Name S. Ierom finds his Style Pathetic and Sententious He Prophesied under 4 Kings viz. Iosiah Ioathan Ahaz and Hezechias In his Prophecies he takes upon himself the Person of God He quarrels with punishes and repudiates the Synagogue which he represents as if taken in Adultery and places the Church in its stead Thus he foretels 1. The Reprobation of the Synagogue and the Calling of the Church 2. He reproves Idolatry and the other Crimes of the Israelites And 3. He promises Mercy and Salvation to all such as shall be reclaim'd XXXIII Ioel. It is no easie matter to find out what time he Prophesied He foretels the Destruction of Ierusalem and under the Symbol of that City he speaks of the Destruction of the whole World and the last Judgment XXXIV Amos was a Shepherd or Herdsman of Tecoa a poor Town God who never makes use of slender Abilities chose this Person for a Prophet in the Time of Iosias King of Iuda and Ieroboam Son of Ioas King of Israel two Years before that Earthquake which hapned towards the 23d Year of Iosias's Reign about the Year of the World 3216. and 788 Years before the Birth of Christ. XXXV Obadiah It is not known about what time he Prophesied It is thought to be this Prophet that is mention'd in the III. Book of Kings Chapter the 18. and Verse 4. who was Governor of Ahabs House and who nourish'd the hundred Prophets in a Cave Of all the Prophets his Prophecy is the shortest altho' for the Mysteries it contains it yeilds in nothing to the others Prophecies says S. Ierom. XXXVI Ionas whom God sent to Niniveh to Preach Repentance not unlikely under the Reign of Phul which we believe to be Father of Sardanapalus about the Year of the World 3197. and 807 Years before the Birth of Christ. He was the only Prophet that God sent among the Gentiles He himself was Author of the Account of his Mission to Nineveh He was Native of Geth-Checher a Town belonging to the Tribe of Zabulon in Galilee This shews either the Ignorance or Malice of the Pharisees when they said to Nicodemus Art thou also of Galilee Search and look for there was never any Prophet came out of those Parts John 7.52 XXXVII Micah Prophesied under the Reign of Ioathan Ahaz and Hezechias He has the Character of Wit and Style like to that of Isaias He inveys vehemently against the Idolatry as well of the Two as the Ten Tribes He proclaims the Ruin of Samaria and the Captivity of those of Ierusalem by the Assyrians and Caldeans and he also foretels their deliverance and that Christ shall be born in Bethlem XXXVIII Nahum whose Country is unknown foretels the Destruction of Nineveh by the Caldeans because that People had persecuted the People of God It is likewise a little uncertain where he Prophesied XXXIX Habakkuk Neither his Country nor the time when he Prophesied is known There would be no great difficulty to know the time providing this Habakkuk were the same that the Angel carry'd by the Hair of the Head to Daniel's Den but which the Learned will by no means have to be XL. Zephania Illustrious by his Birth was of the Tribe of Simeon He liv'd at the same time with Ieremiah whose Works he seems to have Abridg'd especially considering his conformity of Style He speaks plainly of the Calling of the Gentiles the Foundation of the Church the Remission of Sins of Sanctification and Eternal Salvation by Iesus Christ. XLI Haggai earnestly exhorts the People of God to the building of the Temple He complains of the Iews neglect therein and promises Zorobabel who undertook that Work after it had been basely forsaken that the Messiah should be born of his Race XLII Zachariah liv'd in the time of Haggai and he also sollicited the re-building of the Temple He is full of Enigmas and Figures he speaks nevertheless very plainly of the coming of Christ and of his Life and Passion
Kings No body knows whether these Dynasties which some look upon as Successive and which they range one after another be not most of them Collateral and of the same time or no. Diodorus Siculus says upon his Honour that for all the Care and Pains he took in consulting the Priests of Egypt about their Antiquities yet he could find nothing in them but what was very dubious and uncertain and that whatever has been published of Egypt before the taking of Troy might very well be reckoned as Fabulous What Credit then can we give to what the Greek Historians have related from the Egyptian Priests with whom it was very common to extol the Grandeur and Antiquity of their Nation by Romantick and surprizing Relations Shall we believe them when they confidently tell us that the Gods and Demi-Gods reigned in Egypt 34201 years before any Kings reigned there With such Stories as these did the Egyptian Priests amuse Diodorus Siculus when he consulted them about the Antiquity of their Kings In one word it seems very likely that the Egyptian Priests invented those Fabulous Reigns that they might not yield the Glory of their Antiquity to the Chaldeans or Babylonians who assigned several Myriads of Years to their Monarchy There was a kind of Emulation upon this Point between these two Nations which inclined their Historians to invent several Successions of Imaginary Kings This Emulation is what is very real the Signs whereof are very visible in the Writings of the Ancients Wherefore all that can be said of the first Government of Egypt with any certainty is that C ham the Son of Noah having planted it govern'd this Land for about 160 years and was succeeded by Mizraim otherwise called Osiris after whom a great number of Kings are named but with such a mixture of Fable that we shall not trouble our selves or the World with a frivolous Account to their Dynasties which Manetho would have us believe were 17 before Thetmosis or Amasis their first known King We shall omit likewise to speak of their State under their unknown Kings or under those who were stiled The Shepherd Kings and will begin our Account of Egypt with Thetmosis or Amasis who began to reign in the year of the World 2207 from whom we shall continue the Succession down to Cleopatra's Death when it became a Roman Province which happened about the year 3920. This takes up the space of 1713 years which being too large to consider all together we shall treat of under three distinct States viz. 1. Under 47 Kings who all were Sirnamed Pharaoh 2. Under 11 Kings of Persia. 3. Under the Greeks namely Alexander the Great and the 12 Ptolemy's his Successors Sect. 1. The State of Egypt under 47 Kings Sirnamed Pharaohs which lasted 1220 Years till the Year of the World 3427 when it was conquered by Cambyses King of the Persians Years of the World Years before Christ. 2207. 1. THetmosis or Amasis he drove the Shepherd Kings out of Lower Egypt who retired into Phenicia He had been before King of Thebais or Vpper Egypt and reigned about 25 years 1743 2232. 2. Chebron reigned about 13 years 1718 2245. 3. Amenophis reigned 20 years and 7 months 1705 2266. 4. Amesses the Sister of Amenophis reigned 21 years and 9 months 1684 2288. 5. Mephres reigned 12 years and 9 months 1662 2300. 6. Maphramuthosis reigned 25 years and 10 months 1650 2326. 7. Themosis reigned about 10 years 1624 2336. 8. Amenophis II. reigned 30 years and 10 months 1614 2367. 9. Orus reigned about 5 years He built the Pyramids of Egypt 1583 2373. 10. Thermutis or Acenchres reigned about 43 years 'T is said that this is that new King who knew not Ioseph and who oppressed the Israelites He gave order to the Midwives to kill the Sons of the Hebrew Women but this not being executed he injoined his Subjects to drown them In his Reign Moses was born laid in the River found and saved by Pharaoh's Daughter who brought him up as her own Child and by a signal Instance of Providence committed him to be nursed by his own Mother In this King's Reign Cecrops the Egyptian transplanted a Colony of the Saites into Attica and there laid the Foundation of the Republick of Athens 1577 2416. 11. Rathotis the Brother of Acenchres succeeded and reigned about 9 years 1534 2424. 12. Acencheres I. succeeded his Father Rathotis and reigned about 12 years 1526 2436. 13. Acencheres II. succeeded and reigned 13 years 1514 2449. 14. Armais succeeded and reigned about 4 years This was that Pharaoh to whom Moses and Aaron were sent by God to prevail upon him to let the Children of Israel go In his time Moses brought the ten Plagues upon the Egyptians and thô Pharaoh was harden'd by the nine first yet he was forced by the last to yield to their Request and the Egyptians pressed the Israelites to be gone However Pharaoh pursued the Israelites with a great Army but he and all his Men perished in the Red Sea whilst the Children of Israel passed over it as upon dry Ground 1501 2453. 15. Armesis or Ramesses succeeded and reigned one year 1497 2454. 16. Amesis or Ramesses Miamun succeeded and reigned about 21 years 1496 2475. 17. Armais succeeded and reigned about 45 years This is Danaus who being expelled the Kingdom by his Brother Egyptus went into Greece and laid the first Foundation of the Kingdom of Argos 1475 2520. 18. Amenophis III. succeeded and reigned in Egypt about 19 years 1430 2539. 19. Egyptus or rather Sethosis succeeded and reigned about 51 years He deposed Danaus but was so molested by him that his Daughters killed 49 of his Sons In his time Phenix and Cadmus came from Thebes to Egypt and thence went to Syria where they reigned over Tyre and Sidon 1411 2590. 20. Rampes or Rhampsaces succeeded and reigned about 61 years 1360 2651. 21. Amenophis IV. succeeded and reigned about 40 years 1299 2691. 22. Ammeneremes or Ammenepthes succeeded and reigned about 26 years 1259 2717. 23. Thuoris reigned about 7 years 1233 2724. Here happened a Dynasty of the Diospolites whose Kings are unknown and which lasted the space of 143 years 1226 2867. 24. Smendes reigned about 26 years 1083 2893. 25. Pseusenses reigned about 50 years 1057 2943. 26. Vaphres succeeded and reigned about 20 years He is by some called Mephercheres This is that Pharaoh who married his Daughter to King Solomon and gave her for her Portion Gezer a City belonging to the Tribe of Ephraim which he had taken from the Canaanites after he had put them all to Death 1007 2963. 27. Amenophis V. reigned 9 years 987 2972. 28. Sesonchis or Shishak succeeded and reigned 6 years It was this King to whom Ieroboam fled and with whom he tarried till the Death of K. Solomon After this Shishak marched from Egypt to Ierusalem rifled the Temple and carried away all the Treasures which were in the Royal Palace of Rehoboam the Son of
Artifices to raise an Insurrection among the Egyptians for which he was condemned by the King of Persia to drink Bull 's Blood of which he died 524 The next year Cambyses likewise subdued Ethiopia but carrying his Conquests too far it happened that his whole Army being then in a sandy hot and barren Country had like to have perished for want of Provision The Soldiers cast Lots among themselves and did eat every tenth Man upon whom the Lot fell The King of Persia being advertised of this horrible Disaster immediately broke up his Camp and quitted his Design At his return to Babylon he died but upon his going from Egypt he left a Governor over it named Ariandes By this means Egypt remained under the Dominion of the Kings of Persia. 3429. 2. Darius King of Persia reigned over Egypt 36 years 521 3464. 3. Xerxes King of Persia succeeded his Father Darius and possessed his Territories 22 years 486 3486. 4. Artaxerxes succeeded his Father Xerxes In his time Inarus King of Lybia and Son to Psammenitus caused the greatest part of Egypt to revolt and freed himself from the Tyranny of Artaxerxes He was made King by the Egyptians and called in the Athenians to his Assistance who were at that time before the Isle of Cyprus with a Fleet of 200 Sail. Artaxerxes upon notice of the Egyptians Revolt sent against them Achemenes or Achemenides with an Army of 400000 Foot and a Fleet of 80 Sail. But Inarus with the Assistance of the Athenians beat the Persians both by Sea and Land making great Havock of them and among the rest Achemenes himself was killed Artaxerxes upon the News of his Army's Defeat in Egypt sent fresh Forces thither under the command of Artabasus and Megabizus They were near 300000 strong defeated the Army of Inarus whom Megabizus wounded in the Thigh Inarus was put to flight and threw himself with the remainder of his Forces into Byblus a very strong City of Prosopis which is an Island in Delta form'd by two Arms of the River Nile very near its disemboguing it self into the Mediterranean By this Defeat Megabizus became Master of all Egypt except Byblus Within a year or two after the Persians turned the Stream of the River which formed that Island another way laid Siege to Byblus which surrender'd to them and all Egypt was again reduced and brought under the Subjection of Artaxerxe● There was still at that time another King named Amyrtes said to be the Son of Psammenitus He reigned in the Fens and Morasses where the Persians durst not set upon him His Forces were inur'd to Hardships and resolved to stand by him to the last Artaxerxes at the importunate Requests of his Mother yielded up Inarus to her Will and Pleasure who caused him to be hanged and 50 Grecians beside 464 3525. 5. Xerxes II. 6. Sogdianus both of them Kings of Persia did not reign one whole year 425 3526. 7. Ochus or Darius Nothus succeeded them In his time Amyrtes Saites freed almost all Egypt from the Tyranny of the Persians to whom he was an inveterate Enemy and reigned 6 years He was succeeded by Nepherites a King of a New Dynasty 424 3545. 8. Artaxerxes II. King of Persia. In his Reign Achoris King of the Egyptians raised Forces from all Parts to drive the Persians out of Egypt Achoris was succeeded by Psammuthis who reigned one year and he again was succeeded by Nepheretes the last King of the Dynasty of the Saites who reigned no more than 4 months Nectanebis the first King of the Dynasty of the Sabennites reigned 12 years Artaxerxes at last made a Peace with the Greeks intending to joyn theirs with his Forces for the Reduction of Egypt But the Misunderstanding which happened between Pharnabazus General of the Persians and Iphicrates Commander of the Athenian Forces occasioned the Designs of Artaxerxes to miscarry 405 Much about this time Eudoxus a Native of Cnidos a City of Caria in Asia Minor being then in great Repute obtained Letters of Recommendation from Agesilaus to Nectanabis King of Egypt desiring Leave to converse with the Egyptian Priests The King recommended him to Iconuphis Priest of Heliopolis and among these Priests it was that he wrote his Octaeteride 3581. Teos succeeded Nectanabis and reigned 2 years but sending his Son Nectanebos with an Army against Syria this treacherous Son by fair Promises and Presents won the Army over to his side and caused them to proclaim him King of Egypt Teos fled to the King of Persia who received him kindly and gave him the Command of an Army for the Reduction of Egypt by the help whereof he was re-established upon the Throne but having learned in Persia to live Luxuriously he lost his Life amidst his Debaucheries 369 3583. Nectanebos was scarce Master of Egypt but another as Ambitious as himself was proclaimed King at the Head of an Army of 100000 Men which he had raised But this Nectanebos notwithstanding remained in possession of the Throne being assisted by Chabrias who commanded the Army of the Athenians and by Agesilaus General of the Lacedemonians and reigned 12 years 367 3588. 9. Artaxerxes III. or Ochus King of Persia was the Person that opposed Nectanebos He sent a puissant Army into Egypt against him who in the end conquered and forced him to fly to Memphis where seeing he should be taken if he tarried long he changed his Habit and went for Sanctuary into Ethiopia Others say that he went in Disguise through Pelusium and came to Pella a City of Macedon And thus was all Egypt again reduced by the Persians This was that Artaxerxes mentioned ch 3. p. 266. who rifled Egypt of its Treasures and Libraries and affronted the Egyptian's God Apis as has been already related 362 3611. 10. Arses King of Persia. 3614. 11. Darius Codomannus the last King of Persia who was conquered by Alexander the Great Sect. 3. The State of Egypt under the Greeks viz. Alexander the Great and the XII Ptolemy's which lasted 301 Years that is to the Year of the World 3920 when Augustus after the Death of Cleopatra made Egypt a Province of the Roman Empire Years of the World Years before Christ. 3619. ALexander the Great marched into Egypt where he found the People disposed to put themselves under his Protection For the Persians were grown so intolerable by their Tyranny Avarice and Sacrileges that the Egyptians upon Alexander's Arrival soon shook off the Persian Yoke waited upon him at Pelusium and submitted to his Government Mazagases Lieutenant to Darius Codomannus and Governor of Memphis delivering up that City to Alexander In this Expedition Alexander visited the Temple of Iupiter Ammon where the Priests corrupted by his Gifts prepared the Oracle to declare him the Son of that God as has been already mentioned Whilst he was in Egypt he built Alexandria giving it his own Name and making it the Metropolis of the whole Country This was in the Fifth Year of his Reign and the