from Blanch the first-borne of the said Elenor and this both Rodericke Archbishop of Toledo booke nine chapt fiue And Pope Innocent who should better be beleeued that liued in the same time denie as false Fourthly Because she was descended of Beatrice the Daughter of Henrie the third King of England and in the meane time they forget that she had Brothers two Edward the first King of England and Edmund Earle of Lancaster from whom besides those of the Royall Family sprang a whole nation of Nobles in England Fiftly They deriue this right of the Infanta from the Portugall Familie as also from Philip the Daughter of Iohn of Gâ—unt Duke of Lancaster whom they say was the first-borne by his former wife Blanch when as for all this Frossard that liued at the same time at Court in 169. page of the second part demonstrates vnto vs that Elizabeth married to Iohn Holland who was afterwards Duke of Exâ—tâ—r was the first-borne But we haue sufficiently refelled these Genealogicall phantasies which were bred out of the vaporous crudities of treacherie wherewith that Booke much aboundeth But yet cannot but wonder that these men should be so vnmindfull of their owne profession scorning both the authority of the Councell of Trent concerning auoiding all secular affaires and occasions as also of the Toletan Councell and their own Lawes but the very last yeare at Rome newly reuiued onely to curry fauour with the Spaniard to abuse simple men to strew the way for tumultuous insurrections to prouidâ— Ladders for the ambitious though to their owne ruine and to offer violent haâ—ds to the Truth making their Religion the cloake for all their â—reason Nay in the conceit of this new made Right of the Infanta some of them went so farre on that they compelled the English Priests in their Spanish Seminaries to subscribe to this Right of the said Infanta if we may euen beleeue themselâ—es that related it These things whatsoeuer Parsons the lesuite thought they would effect yet after all failed and that Iames of Scâ—tland was proclaimed King of England after the death of the Queene then hee stroue to excuse the matter in Letters to most of his Friends as if so be that those words in his Book against the right of the King of Scotland had not beene spoken of him out of any ill will or desire any way to hurt the King but onely out of an earnest desire he had to bring the King to the profession of the Roman Caâ—holike Religion also he thought that it would serue well enough for his excuse that those iniuries hee offered the King were not preiudiciall to him because they tooke no effect But whilest these Turne-coats faine to themselues a false Hâ—ire in Spaine God that laughed at their deâ—ises raised vp to Iames of Scotland the true Heire a Sonne that might also haue beene his heire For on the 19. of February was borne to him Henry Prince of Scotland the loue and delight of Britaine whom Queene Elizabeth in an â—onourable Embassage by Robert Earle of Sussex was Godmother to Now as the learned sort of our English 〈…〉 studied to enthroane the Spanish Infanta in the 〈◊〉 of Englâ—nd by their writings So some of them tooke the nearer way of murther hauing sent ouer priuy murthâ—reâ—s to 〈◊〉 â— way the Queene The Spaniards on the other side they 〈◊〉 with poyson but much suspecting the truth of the English thinking the Nation affoorded none so cruell against â—is Princesse they made vse of Roderike Lopez a Iewish Sâ—ctary and a Houshold Phisitâ—on â—o the Queenes Court and 〈…〉 of him but also of Sâ—â—phan Fâ—rreira Gama and Emanuel Lowise Portugalls for at that time many Portugalls vnder the pretence of their banished Anthony crept here into England They hauing beene apprehended by reason of some of their Letters that were intercepted and being accused towards the latter end of February both confessed that they conspired to make away the Queene by poyson Lopez being of a well-tried honesty and neuer suspected confessed voluntarily that he was thereunto induced by Andrada a Pâ—rtugall to doe so much seruice to the King of Spaine that also he had receaued from Don Christophâ—ro de Moro one of his intimatest Counsellours a very pretious Iewell who as fast as he could learne any thing from him still enformed the Spaniard of it till at last the agreement was made and for 50000. Crownes he promised to poyson the Queene and that he had certified the Conde de Fuentes and Ibarra Secretary to the Spaniard in the Low Countries as much as that came too Stephano Ferreira confessed that the said Câ—nde de Fâ—entes and Iâ—arra had certified him indeed both by Letters and Colloquies that they were putting their counsell in practise of taking away the Queene by poyson that he himselfe wrote Letters as Lopez dictated them wherein he promiseâ— to do it for 50000 Crownes he confessed also that Emmanuel Lowise was sent ouer from the said Conde de Fuentes to hasten Lopez to make an end of the matter Emmanuel confessed that hauing taken oath to conceale all his counsell Conde de Fuentes shewed him Letters which Andrada the Portugall had wrote in Lopez's name concerning the making of the Queene away also that now he was sent from him that he should deale with Ferreira and Lopez about the hastning the Queenes death also to promise both money to Lopez and preferment to all his children Lopez brought forth said but little but that Ferreira and 〈◊〉 were nothing but composed of deceit lying that he neuer thought any hurt against the Queene but alwaies hated the gift of that Spanish Tyrant that hee gaue to the Queene the Iewell sent him by the Spaniard that hee neuer intended more then to deceiue the Spaniard and cousen him of his money The rest said nothing for themselues but continually accused Lopez so that they were all three condemned and within three moneths after hanged at Tyburne Lopez still professing that hee loued the Queene as well as Christ Iesus which being spoken by a Iew as it was was but onely laughed at by the people The day after these were condemned one Patricke Culline an Irish Fencer also was condemned and one that being burdened with great promises and hauing money for his trauaile by the way giuen him by the turne-coats in the Low Countries promised to kill the Queene he his fault being in a manner knowne and proued by some tokens and signes being ready to die with fainting suffered the like punishment as those before Then also were apprehended Edmund Yorke and Richard Williams both hired to kill the Queene by Ibarra and suborned to that also by the turne-coates in the Low Countries and more incendiaries also to set the Queenes Nauie on fire with balles of wild-fire Thus did these miscreant English turne-coates as well Priests as others on the one side conspire the death of the Queene out of an vngodly
England Grant it that the Spaniard treatied not for a peace at Bourburgh which would not seeme honourable for his affaires yet would it not hurt vs although we are ready to fight to treate now about it That peace was alwaies kept with Heretiques by Popish Princes excepting onely the Pope ancient examples sufficiently testifie as of Charles the fifth and his successour in the Empire who alwaies kept their words with the excommunicated Protestants of Germany although they esteemed them as Heretiques Of Francis the first King of France who performed Fuâ—erall rites for Henry the eight of England at Paris although before he had beene excommunicated by the Pope Also of Henry the fourth now King of France who hauing beene reconciled to the Pope and surnamed the eldest sonne of the Church and his dearest Sonne yet he entred into both an Offensiue and Defensiue League with the Queene of England That the Spaniards heat of reuenge will be quickly cooled when his strength and forces shall faile him That the Queene might iustly forsake the States being she onely bound her self to aide them till such times as the Spaniard would propose equall conditions and a reasonable peace for their liberty which conditons if they refuse she is not bound to aide them That it is not fit for to giue to them againe those Townes which are pawned to her which they in reason cannot require And that once if there were a peace concluded there would be a speedy course taken for recouery of her monies That the States could not be so easily reduced vnder the Spaniard againe being that in tract of time many things fall out vnexpectedly and if so be they were peaceably reduced they could take no better care for themselues then that except they would resist their best commodity and profit But howsoeuer whatsoeuer became of them England and France conioyned in a solide and firme league would easily poise Spaine between them Lastly they deriued their reasons for peace from the very Law of Nature which chiefly intends the conseruation of it selfe and from the Law of Nations which commandeth the highest Law to be the safety of the people and lastly from the piety of true Christianity that they might spare bloud and confirme the Christian affaires against the Infidels The reasons for the warre against this peace were deduced onely from humane policy to driue away dangers farther off which indeed were better to be left to Gods disposing who would direct their counsels and consultations alwaies to the publike good by meanes which might be vsed with a good conscience and not by warres which are neuer commendable but when they are necessary And thus haue wee heard the matter on both sides largely enough discussed Burghley Lord Treasurer weighing well what wee haue said enclined to the peace by reason he knew the hazard of warre to be doubtfull and yet of infinite charges he knew the Treasure of the Exchequer was much impaired also that the disposition of the English were very prone to sedition if so be they were once taxed a little more then ordinarily he knew also the in-bred malic of the Commonalty against some of the Nobility and the poore hopes that were from Holland that our Neighbours were suspitious to trust to on euery side and that our owne people were hardly loyall enough at home also that the wealth of the Spaniard was inexhaustible wherefore he concluded that by this warre there could redound nothing to England but the turning away of euill which was but the smallest good that could be Essex on the other side being bred vp in Military affaires not allowing talke of this peace argues for the warre resolutely vrging it out of the cunning sleights of the Spaniard his desire of the vniuersall Monarchy and his inâ—eterate hate against the Queene and all England the diuersitie of his religion and the Axiome that Faith is not to be kept with Heretiques the power of the Pope to dispence with him if he breake the peace with many the like reasons insomuch that Burghley said he nothing but breathed warre and out of a strange presaging minde giuing him the Psalme booke secretly light vpon this verse Bloud-thirsty men shall not liue out halfe their daies Yet were there many that honoured much the spirit of Essex as one that greatly aimed at the honour and securitie of his Country But on the other side many also that whispered it to be for nothing but to fulfill his ambition and serue his owne turne But Essex hauing vnderstood of these calumnies writes his Apologie wherein he amplifies himself in this matter and besides shewes that Anthony Rolstoâ—â—n English run-away had bin lately sent ouer by the Spanish â—â—ction and Creswell a Iesuite vnder the colour of reconciliation and peace but in truth and deed as hee did confesse himselfe to espie what prouision there was for war to confirme the Papists and both by monies and promises to seduce from their loyalty any of the Nobility and the Earle of Essex by name Concerning this businesse of peace and the choosing of one fit to looke into the affaires of Ireland there was a great contention betweene Essex and the Queene no man being present but the Admirall Cecill the Secretary and Wiâ—debaâ—cke Keeper of the Seale The Queene she adiudged William Knolles Vncle to the Earle of Essex most fit to be â—ent into Ireland Essex to remoue him from the Court very stoutly affirmed that George Carew was farre fitter Which when he could not effect or perswade the Queene to being too much vnmindfull of his duety very vnciuilly as out of contempt he turnes his backe to the Queene in a manner scoffing at her The Queene growne very impatient thereupon gaue him a box on the eare and bid him be gone with a vengeance He forthwith layes his hand vpon his pummell the Admirall stepping into him he vowed and swore that he would not put vp so great an indignity nay that he could not euen at Henry the 8 ths hand forthwith in a chafe flew from the Court. And afterwards being admonished by the Lord Keeper of the great Seale in very graue Letters that he would supplicate to the Queenes mercie and giue place to time that he would remember that of Seneca That if the Law punish a man iustly he must giue way to Iustice if vniustly he must giue way to his Fortune That if hee had iustly done wrong to his Prince he could not giue her any satisfaction and if the Prince had done him any wrong that both his discretion duety and religion would command him to submit himself to so good a Queene seeing that betweene a Prince and a Subiect there is no proportion Essex answered all this at length very stomackfully his answer being afterwards aduisedly diuulged about by his followers appealing from the Queene to God Almighty riuetting into his discourse these and the like sentences THat no tempest rageth more then the
of the richest in all Friezland which neither could beare the seruile yoake of the Spaniard nor would admit of a subiection to the States made a motion vnto the Queene to receiue them into her protection which shee eagerly refused being vnwilling any way to benefit her selfe by the States discontentment At which time likewise shee was much offended with the Zelanders for â—husing the King of France their Patron and not acquainting the States of Holland with their purpose And publikely reprooued many of those Prouinces who vnder pretence of obedience and affection vnto her had occasioned many discontents and dissentions at home She was indeed somewhat larger in this reproofe then her ordinary displeasure would allow her because she was giuen to vnderstand that Richardot had been very importunate that pardon libertie of Religion should be granted to all Low-Countreymen who had fled out of their Prouinces if they would returne home againe which if he brought to passe she soone foresaw would be disaduantagious to the States by reason that such kinde of men formerly inhabited the emptiest Cities of Holland and would contribute much to the maintenance of war About which time also at the mediation of the Duke of Tuscany shee commanded some ships that had beene taken by the English to be restored to the Venetians and Florentines straitly commanding that none should offer violence to the Italian Venetian French Dane Low-Countrey-men or those of the Hanse Townes But the Spaniard as hee escaped the contents of this command so escaped hee not many onsets and affronts of the English some in the Atlantique Ocean and some at and about the Ilands of Azores where his Nauies from either Indies must necessarily come for refection and others by the Earle of Cumberland who surprised some of his ships demolished to the ground his Fort of Fayoll and brought from thence fifty eight great peeces of Ordnance and others by some more of the English who scouring the Gaditan Sea much endangered the ordinary safety of his vsuall Traffiques The glory of the Queene although it were farre spread and almost fearfull by reason of her prosperous successe in war yet was it more admirable and much better'd in report by a peace which shee obtained betweene the Great Turke and the Polonians euen at the brinke of a terrible battell and the Vayvode of Moldauia whom the Great Turke sorely perplexed also which courtesie of hers the Polonian and his Chancellour by their letters gratefully since acknowledged And now to confirme that inuiolable bond of amity betweene her and the King of Scots shee sent Edward Somerset Earle of Worcester to him to congratulate to him his happy mariage and his as happy returne home with some admonitions also that as her loue had lately beene manifested in honouring both him and the King of France with the order of S. George so his care should bee as circumspect to choake all popish practises euen in their birth The King most gently entertained both the loue and care of the Queene and to publish his desire of a continuation of amity with England and an vniuersall peace withall he sent Colonel Steward into Germany to treat with the King of Denmarke and the Embassadors of the other Princes about the renewing of a League betweene England Spaine and France France all this while was in a sore combustion which as the malice of the Leaguers first kindled so now their power as strongly fomented The Queene scanning all possibilities of quenching the same entred into many consultations and councells whether shee should ioyne her old English Souldiers that serued in the Low Countries with the forces that were a comming into France out of Germany or whether shee should leauy forces and send them ouer into the Low Countries to detaine still the Duke of Parma from entring into France But most of all shee controuerted this question how shee might keepe the Spaniard from the Sea coasts of France especially â—ince shee vnderstood that the Spaniard had seconded his violence by corrupt bribery to reduce New-hauen vnto his owne power and had also resolued to send a Nauy into low Britaine or Britania Armorica But before the varieties of consultations could be easily ripened to any resolution the D. of Parma entreth France For the Spaniard after his easie perswaâ—ion to it by the Leaguers who thirsted sore after some reuenge for their shamefull discomfiture at the Battle of Yurie straightly commanded the Duke this iourney by vertue of his Protectorship of the Catholikes and the comely glosse of charity to his neighbours The Duke hauing speedily runne quite thorow Picardy succoureth the fainting rebellion at Paris with variety of prouision and hauing ransack't Corbuâ—ile and Laygnay to store Paris with a larger plenty of prouision hee retyreth with his army which spake better of his skill in intrenching in and delaying of battell after the manner of the Romanes then of his warlike discipline which could not restraine the couetousnesse of his Souldiers from open and shamefull sacriledge On the otherside certaine Regiments of Spaniards vnder the conduct of Don Iuan d'Aquila hauing ariued at lower Britaine about the Autumnall Aequinox at Blawet assault and surprize Henebon a fortified towne by the Sea side by the meanes of Philip Emanuel Duke of Merceur one of the house of Lorraine who at that time when the Leaguers began to distribute and quarter France into their seueral portions sent for this troupe of Spaniards to seat him for his part in the Duchie of Britaine or in some part of it at least This thought he easie to accomplish by the helpe of the Spaniard and the right of his wife who was the onely daughter of Sebastian Martigne whose mother Caroletta was Duchesse of Britaine and Heire to I. Brosse Duke of Estampes This occasion the Spaniard without great importunity quickâ—y embraced being himselfe conceited also that Britaine by right belong'd to his Daughter being it was a Feminine fee and by reason that shee descended from Elizabeth of Valois the eldest daughter of Henry the second of France who by reason of the death of all her Vncles without Issue had right alsooâ— succession to the whole Crowne of France did not the Salique Law cut that off And although hee could not be ignorant that in the reigne of Francis the first the Duchy of Britaine was incorporated to the Crowne of France yet would he not subscribe to the resolution of all the Lawyers in France concluding that Whatsoeuer is once annexed or incorporated to the Crowne of France can neuer be dismembred or seuered from it Presently after the ariuall of these Spaniards Henry Bourbon sonne to the Duke Montpensier and Prince Dâ— Beare whom with La-Noue the King made Gouernour of Britaine requesteth ayde from England but it seemed good neitheâ— to the Queene nor her Councell to second this request with a grant because he was but a subiect the King being busied
from any honour and inheritance that might fall to him by his Vnckle Yet for all this although in the daies of Queene Mary he was besides condemned of treason he was by the Queene restored to his honour againe as if so be he had neuer been condemned But when as this Lord by the reason of the sentence of the Parliament could not enioy his Grandfathers honour by the especiall fauour of the Queene he was a new created Lord Da-la-ware and as long as he liued he enioyed his place according to the time of his creating The Queene referred this matter to the Parliament-house who hauing found that the former sentence against the former Lord was onely personall and not touching his progeny and that his banishment in the time of Queene Mary nothing hindered him from losing that honour which he had not and that he was restored againe shortly after as also that his ancient honour is not extinguished by reason of a new creation but onely as it were lay asleepe as long as he liued when it was not in him in the time of his being created they allotted him the place of his Ancestors betweene the Lord Willoughby and Barcley where he was iustly placed Also Thomas Howard the second sonne of the Duke of Norfolke who but lately before was made knight of the Garter was called to this Parliament by the title of Lord Howard of Walden and he being at that time sicke the Lord Scroope was brought into the vpper House betweene two Lords bearing his Roll in his Parliament Robes the King of Armes going before him That when the Lord Keeper had read publikely he was seated below all the rest of the Lords although that elsewhere the younger sonnes of Dukes take place of Viscounts Since as appeares in an act of the Parliament Records in the sixt yeare of Henry the eight when Thomas Howard Earle of Surrey being called to the Parliament challenged to himselfe the place of going or sitting before the Earles because he was the eldest sonne of a Duke It was decreed by the Parliament that he should sit in Parliament according to the order of his creation notwithstanding that his prerogatiue of honor and worth which is due to him as the eldest son of a Duke should be reserued to him without the Parliament house This yeare died William Brookes Lord Cobham of the Order of St. George Chamberlaine to the Queene and Constable of Douer Castle Gouernour of the Cinque Ports and Chancellour Henry his sonne begot of Frances Newton succeeded him Also there died William Powlet Marquesse of Winchester the third more famous for his great wealth then for any thing else hauing left his sonne William which hee had of Anne Howard of Effingham In Ireland when as the affaires there were very turbulent and dangerous for all Vâ—ster beyond Dundalke besides the Garrison Castles Newrie Knockfergus Carlingford Greene-Castle Armach Dâ—ndrâ—m and Oldorfleet and almost all Conaugh had reuolted from the Queene the Lord Deputy Russell was recalled againe and the Lord Burrough made Deputy instead of him a man indeed of a sharpe wit and great courage but scarce insighted into the very elements of warre wherefore his election was beyond all mens opinion or expectation and more Norrises who by his deserâ—s and worthy skill had assured himselfe thereof But when as hee perceiued that his enemies at Court much preuailed and his friends as fast failed when he saw one now whom in birth he thought himselfe almost equall to and in honour and glory by reason of his exployts much superiour preferred before him and himselfe which was worst to be commanded vnder his authority to continue in the Lieutenant-ship of Mounster 〈◊〉 what with griefe thereof and discontent that Tir-â—â—n by his dissembling had mock't him out of the iudgment he was thought to haue had he shortly after died A man he was certainly of great worth and to be celebrated amongst the famous Captaines of our Nation in his time He was the second sonne of Henry Lord Norris borne of the Daughter and the other heire of the Lord Williams of Tame He first practised himselfe in warre vnder the Admirall Coline in the French ciuill warres afterwards being but a young man he was a Captaine in Ireland vnder Walter Earle of Essex He was Colonell generall of the English vnder the States of the Low Countries Marshall of the Army of the States vnder the Earle Hâ—hâ—nlâ— He was President of Mounster twelue yeares although absent most part thereof Generall of the auxiliary English in Britaine in France And to conclude he was a man of great worth if himselfe had not knowne it and he was well rewarded for his worth if his conceit had been so humble as not to haue aspired aboue if not his merits yet his birth Tir-Oâ—n now being warie enough to prouide for the security of his owne state sends his Letters to the new Deputy and very humbly desires a truce or a cessation from Armes or any kinde of hostility and it seemed indeed at that time somewhat to concerne the good of the Kingdome to grant this truce although the Deputy himselfe iudged it very hurtfull to the State Wherefore it was graunted for a moneth When the moneth was expired he assembles all his forces to the credit of his new authority and sets out in battaâ—le against the Rebels and being brought if not into danger yet either to the conceit or feare of danger and some streights hee opens himselfe a safety by valour and valiantly winnes by assault Blacke water the onely Fort of the Rebels besides the woods and bogs whereby is the entrance into the County of Tir-Oen and gaue the Rebels to vnderstand how easily they might be vanquished if hee would but insist vnpon them a little And now on the very same day wherein the Deputy and all his Army were giuing thankes vnto God for their late victory there was a sodaine alarme and all called to their armes by reason the enemy shewed himselfe from a Neighbour hill Henry Earle of Kildare with a wing of horse and some of the Nobler sort voluntaries issued forth against them and put them to flight Of the English there was wanting Francis Vaughan brother in law to the Deputy â— Turner Serjeant maior whose deaths the Earle of Kildare tooke so sorrowfully that within few dayes after he died for griefe thereof Tir-Oen now thought his fortune and credit quite vndone vnlesse he recouered againe the Fort at Black-water wherefore hee strongly besieged it The Deputy forthwith hasteneth thither as fast as he could being resolued surely to passe further into Vlster But in his full path way to great victories death arrested him leauing the great desire of him to the good and to the â—ad longer security Had â—e but liued in the iudgement of the wisest he had soone weakned the hopes of the enemy and the matters had neuer come to that danger
to the Romane Religion 〈◊〉 Honour and profit too For certainely there was at this time a great hope nurst vp at Rome that it would come to passe that they in England would dealâ— more fauourably with the professours of Poperie who now might returne home againe and both preserue their Religion and also disperse and sow it abroad also with lesse danger then before Also he esteemed that a conclusion of this peace would be no lesse glorious to him then the discouery of a new world was to his ancestors That the inferiour Princes now should be more obserâ—eable in all respects towards him if once he were not incumbred with any warre and so hee might set an Arbiâ—ator ouer all the world The profit that thereby hee expected was that the States of Holland and Zealand would presently then be brought to reasonable conditions That hee should saue the charges of maintaining his warres there and of conâ—eighing home his Nauie from the Indies yeerely That they returning safe euery yeere would shortly infinitely inrich 〈◊〉 That the English by degrees would neglect their Nauigations when once they inâ—reaâ—ed 〈◊〉 their estaâ—es with the Spaniards wealth and so that at length being rockt in a long peace disaccustomed to warre either by sea or land they might the easier be inuaded on a sudden Although the Queene was not ignorant of these things yet after mature deliberation adiudging this Peace commodious and honourable both to England and her credit hauing been lately importuned to it by the French King left it to his disposing that he should appoint both the time and place of meeting The King of France appointed May the time and Bolonia a sea coâ—st of France anciently called Bononia the place But when it was foreseene that likely there would arise a contention or question about prioritie of place in sitting or going betweene England and Spaine some men were selected that should make enquiry into that matter They obserued out of the booke of Ceremonies of the Court of Rome which as the Canons say like a Ladie Mother and Mistresse directs others that among the Kings Temporall the first place was due to the King of France the second to the King of England and the third to the King of Casteell That the English quietly enioyed that place in the Generall Councells of Pisa at Constance and at Basil too although the Embassadour of Casteell somewhat vnmannerly opposed himselfe in the last Besides that Casteell which Title the Spaniard preferreth before all his other to bee the King of is but lately a Monarchie in respect of England and that it had neither Earles nor Kings before the yeere of Grace 1017. and that those Kings are not anointed Moreouer they found that the King of England is reckoned the third amongst those Kings that are titled Most Illustrious and the Spaniard is reckoned the fourth Also that Pope Iulius the third Bishop of Rome gaue sentence for Henry the seuenth of England against Ferdinand King of Casteele Also that the Queene of England is more ancient both in yeeres and Reigne and therfore before the Spaniard by their owne argument at the Councell at Basil vsed by the Spaniard against Henry the sixt King of England Lastly the Lawyers with one accord generally pronounced that that Precedencie whose Originall exceeds the memory of man is to bee reckoned as constituted and so ordained by Right Besides they obserued that in the first Session of the Councell of Trent vnder Pope Paul the third when there was one and the same Embassadour of Charles the fiâ—t Emperour who was also King of Spaine and that that Embassadour tooke place of the French by reason of the Emperors right that since the Spaniards haue arrogated to themselues the prioritie not onely by the vertue of the Emperour but as they are Kings of Spaine because none euer contradicted it And at that time the English found great want of discretion in the French Embassadour because hee contradicted them not and made no publike contesting with the Emperours Legate if so be he had made as he tooke place of him in right of the Spaniard and not the Emperour Besides they noted that the Spaniard by reason of his large vast dominions spread far and neere by reason of his power ouer other Princes and his Merits from the Church of Rome of whom hee well deserues and by reason of prioritie before the French stolne in the Councell of Trent would challenge his higher place to himselfe But let vs omit this On the day appointed at Bolonia came for the Queene Henry Neuill the Leager in France Iohn Herbert newly made one of the Secretaries Robert â—eale Secretary to the Northren Councell and Thomas Edmunds the Queenes French Secretary For the Spaniard came Balthasar Ds. de Zâ—niga Fonseca one of the priuie Councell and Embassadour in the Low-Countries Ferdinand Carill of the order of S. Iames and Counsellour to the King at Casteele For the Arch-Duke came Iohn Richardot President of the Councell and Lodouike Verre-Keiâ—e chiefe Secretary The Instructions of the English were that before all thingâ— they would haue great care to the kingdome and the Queenes honour safetie and profit As concerning the Honor that in no case they giue the more Honourable place to the Spaniard but directly modestly and from the foresaid arguments challenge it themselues If so bee the Spaniard would not condescend that then the English should not altogether preferre Honour before Profit but propose some meane and equall debatement as this to cast lots for the prioritie of going or sitting first Then as concerning the safety and profit of England and the Queen that they should haue a care that no cosenage or deceit be put vpon England or the Low-countries in their trafficks That the English may haue libertie to trade at the Indies by reason that was granted before in the Treatie 1541. in all the dominions of Charles the fift but especially in those places where the Spaniards are themselues seated and peopled also to trade with all the Indian Princes that are vnder the Spaniards gouernment That first the Spaniard should propound their Conditions because they inuited the English thither to a Treatie That they should not speake a word of the Rebels and Run-awayes who according to the ancient Leagues made with the Burgundians were to be driuen out on both sides and restored againe to those with the French But if so be they should propose that that they should tell them that there are no Low-countrey men in England besides the Merchants and handy-crafts-man but that in the Low-countries the English are hired with Pensions to breed stirres and commotions The Copies of their Delegation being on both sides exhibited to each other the Spaniards tooke exception at that of the Queenes against the Epithite Most Illustrious in the title of the Arch-Duke who being as they said descended from Sacred Emperours and was both sonne in law
might be sent with whom he might deale about it Mounson was the man was sent to whom these conditions were propounded That all that were in the Caracke for there were 300. of the Nobler sort that had met there to defend her should be forthwith dismissed with their weapons that their Colours should not be taken downe that the ship and Ordnance should come to the King of Spaine againe but all the Merchandize to the English Mounson condescended that within three daies all should be dismissed that Spanish Colours should be displayed in the sight of the English but onely at the Poope of the ship but for granting the Ship and Ordnance backe to the King of Spaine that he would not heare of Afterwards it came to this agreement that within two dayes the Portugals there should be dismisseâ— hauing their Matches put out their Colours should be laid downe that the Ship Ordnance and Merchandize should be safely deliuered vp to the English and that in the meane time there should be no shooting from the Castle out vpon or against the English The same night all were dismissed out of the Caracke except the Master and some few more that were set a shoare early in the morning And the very same day the English put forth with the Caracke hauing a good winde brought home a lusty prey hauing not lost aboue fiue of their Marriners the prey being valued by the Portugals at 1000000. Crownes After their returne Mounson being sent backe againe towards the coasts of Spaine continued thereabouts till the middest of Winter to hinder any attempt vpon Ireland While hee launcheth out into the deepe towards Spaine Fredericke Spinola with six Gallies that had gotten out safe at the skirmish comming along by the French shore came at last to the British Ocean on the 23. of September with intent to enter at some Hauen or other in Flanders Sir Robert Mansell ley in wait for him with one or two of the Queenes ships and foure Hollanders that were dispersed here and there They resolued to set on two Gallies first espied by the Hollanders but hauing espied one of the Queeenes ships aloofe off they turne them onely the other way so to spend the day and by the benefit of the night put into Hauen Sir Robert Mansell persued them from eight of the clockâ— in the morning till Sun set besides two Hollanders with him but the Gallies vpon the approaching of night taking their course towards England came so neere that some of their Gallie slâ—ues that were chained to their Oares hauing shooke off their Fetters and leaping forth swoome to the land the Gallies vnawares came to a place where one of the Quâ—â—nes ships and some Hollanders lay at anchor Hereupon 〈◊〉 being sure to light vpon them the bâ—tter to come to them he turnes saile on purpose tâ— put himselfe betweene the shore of Flanders and the Gallies But they light vpon one of the Queenes ships called the Answere Broadgate Master of the ship who by reason of the noyse of the Ordnance he heard a farre off had prepared himselfe for battaile gaue them 38. shot and the Hollanders forthwith thundered vpon them too The Gallies hauing not answered one piece of Ordnance as speedily as they could escaped away and fainting in a most â—empestuous night one of them chanced to light vpon Mansell he dischargeth all his Ordnance against it feld the Mast and â—earing a lamentable noise comming neere by an Interpreter he offered them mercy But fiue other Gallies comming in to helpe he turned his broad side and discharged all his Ordnance amongst them What slaughter hee made aâ—though â—he night were a cleare one cannot be told neither after that was heard the noyse of a piece of Ordnance till such time as a Hollander fastening vpon one of the Gallies so scoured her Sterne that presently after she â—â—ncke with all her passengers Another Hollander by chance driuen vpon one of the Gallies sorely battered it and almost was split it selfe Another of the Gallies by the negligence of the Marriners whilest it made hast to get to Calis was cast away Two of them recouered Newport Spinola in the Admirall with great store of wealth escaped into Dunkerke but the next yeare beiâ—g wounded with a great piece of Ordnance in a Sea fight against the Hollanders died with great praise We haue heretofore said that the Voyage of the Bishop of London Christopher Perkins and I. Swall Doct. of the Law whom the Queene had delegated at Embden in 1600. to treat with the Danes Delegates was to no purpose And now againe are sent to Bremen by the Queene concerning the same matter Ralph Lord Euers Sir Iohn Herbert secondary Secretary Daniel Dun Doctor of the Law and Master of Requests Stephen Leisiure adioyned Assistant The King of Denmarke delegated Maâ—derope Persberge Arnold Whitfield Chancellour of the Realme and Ionas Charise Doctor of the Law The English complained that their free sayling to Mâ—scoâ—y through the Northerne Sea and their fishing about the shore and the Islands was denied them and that there was too great an exaction of tribute and tolls onely for their passage of the Sound They required that the ancient Leagues betweene Henry 7. King of England and Iohn King of Denmarke in the yeare one thousand foure hundred and ninety also that that betweene Henry 8 of England and Christierne of Denmarke in 1523. should be reuiewed againe and applied to these times that this manifolde exaction of new tolls should either be taken away oâ— lessened and that the set rate should bee in a booke with a certaine reason of confiscation of goods that then the ships should not be detained at Sea longer then was fitting that the complaints of priuate men should be quickly composed After this arose a disputation whether or no it be lawfull for a Prince against ancient Leagues to encrease his toll and tribute according to his good pleasure Whether or no it be not against equity aâ—though it be vsuall since that custome ought to waite vpon truth and equity Whether or no those things that haue been ordained by graue councell and for a while tolerated can be abrogated without iniury to the Princes authority Then whether or no those tolls that were imposed vpon all forreigne traders in the Raigne of Queene Mary for bringing in or carrying oâ—t of Merchandize were not more iust then those that the Daâ—es require for a passage onely in the Sea who for charges to secure their sayling exact a Rose-Noble for euery ship and one piece of money for euery hundred besides Lastage Whether or no tolls ought to bee exacted for passage which elsewhere are not payed but onely for landing and selling of merchandize Whether or no it be not free for the Eâ—glish to fish in the North Sea and the Islands thereabouts or to saile to Moscouy since the Sea is free for all men since
of this combating with Bookes whether in earnest or deceitfully vndertaken the Councell came to finde out that both the Iesuites and the Priests in this matter secretly conspired to withdraw the Subiects of the Queene from their obedience to her and to excite the Commonalty to the maintenance of the Romish Religion euen with Armes Hereupon the Queene by Proclamation commanded the Iesuites and Secular Priests belonging to them to depart the Kingdome as for the rest that seemed to be mediators betweene both they had two moneths allotted to resolue whether or no they would professe loyalty to the Queene if not to he gone and neither of both sorts euer to returne againe except they will hazard the punishment of the Law and without doubt this Proclamation came out by the great prouidence of God to auert a great meditated mischiefe For amongst these affaires Thomas Winter as hee himselfe afterwards confessed and Tesmund a Iesuite being sent for by some of them into Spaine vnderwent most pernicious consultations to cut off the Queene and to exclude Iames of Scotland from his Right of inheritance And not onely these in England but also in the Low Countries seditious Souldiers conspired against the Arch-Duke and in France also some stâ—â—red vp commotions against the King insomuch that a storme seemed by some Starre to be raised against all Christian Kings and Princes In France Marshall Byrone who had practised wicked counsels against his Countrey and with pricking words wounded the Maiesty of the King was now beheaded I doe not well know whom the Marshalls confession detected but amongst others it so aymed at the D. of Bulloigne that being commanded to shew himselfe before the King he appeared not but fearing the anger of the King and the power of his aduersaries about the Court hee with-drew himselfe into Germany The French King made his great complaint of him to Queene Elizabeth accusing his marriage with his Sister Mary of Florence as vnlawfull and the Popes dispensation as vneffectuall and that thereby his Sonne was illegâ—timate That he had allotted the Prince of Conde to succeed in the Kingdome That he conspired the destruction of the chiefest Catholikes in France That he had conspired to betray the vnited Prouinces to the Spaniards that would giue most for them That he detracted from the Iudgement of the Parliament at Paris by appealing to the Court of Warre which indeed had no Iurisdiction in such matters as those That he tooke exception against his accusers which in case of Treason is not lawfull to doe Concluding that these things were nothing but tergiuersations in detracting all Iudgements and arrogating to himselfe the Kings authority Wherefore he asketh councell of the Queene what hee should doe in this matter She answereth him by her Leager in France that she was exceeding sorry to heare of these things and that she esteemed it great honour done to her that he would impart it vnto her She much commended his moderate minde which being suggested by so great dangers yet was rather guided by the councell of his friends then the affection of his owne selfe As concerning the councell which he required she made answer that if the proofes were as manifest against him as the obiections were odious he should do well to proceed legally against him but that it was dangerous for her to councell him to any thing till such time as the proofes were cleare against him left perchance she should offend God if so be he were innocent or offend the King if he should suspect his own safety to be neglected wherefore that she held it most fitting in soâ—doubtfull a case to be silent Yet withall she requesteth the King to vse both iudgement and conscience in his councell and accurately examine both the accusations and confessions to see whether or no they come from men of trust vncorrupted and no way suspected of partiality by reason that commonly no mans innocency can protect him from others base calumny Withall informing him that bare assertions are but slender proofes to informe the conscience of a iust Iudge against a man of so well-tried vertue and valour As also that those obiected crimes being not amply prooued did seeme as incredible to be fathered on such a man as they are in their owne nature execrable For who would belieue said she that hee being brought vp in the feare of God and continuing so long in an vnspotted loyalty euen in greatest dangers both towards his King and Countrey should euen imagine now such mischieuous villany against so well a deseruing Prince or euer ioyne councell with men both of lost estates and hopes with whom there was neuer any conformity of manners or religion and from whom hee could not but expect perfidious dealing Wishing him rather to suspect that these suggestions were coyned in the Spanish Mint to set the French againe together by the â—ares The King heaâ—d this with discontented eares and forthwith burst out into these words THe Queene thinkes better of Bouillon theâ— he deserues For he was amongst the chiefest of Essexes conspiracie neither dissembled â—e it when I obiected it to him but smiling put me off without an answere Then he constantly affirmed that those things obiecâ—ed were most true Then he recalls the benefits he had be bestowed on him as first that he numbred him amongst his Family then that he procured him a rich match with the heire of the Family of Bouillon that he had set him in the possession of Sedan that he honoured him amongst the Nobles of the Inward Admission that he made him Duke and Marshall and that once he had resolued to shew mercy to him if he would come aske pardon but now since he scorned it and out of an ill conscience since he fled away he saw no reason of shewing mercy now againe to him Then he added how that in the like case he interceded with the Queene for the Earle of Essex till hee vnderstood the â—einousnesse of his fact and then he gaue ouer The Embassador returned that the Queene only thought well of the Duke because hitherto he had shewen his loyalty and valour towards his King and Country but that she would be very sorry if that the obiections should be found true as it was in Essexes case and that then she wou'd detest and hate him from her very heart Concluding that this her admonition proceeded from no other ground then her minde troubled aswell for the Kings safety and security as her owne If we may belieue the French Writers and the politick'st English Byrone Bouillon and others perswading themselues that by their loyalty and valour they had brought the King to the Crowne and now perceiuing that the King was indulgent towards the Conspirators against his life and belieued them soonest as men best deseruing and recompencing their offence by duty and disposing of honours giuing them those Offices now in peace which before they possessed in time
ex his Equis nati pulli non amplius triâ—nnio vivunt Varro de Re Rustica Nay Pliny comes in with his Constat as if he were very sure of the matter Constat saith he in Lusitania circa Olyssipponem oppidum Tagum amnem Equas Favonio flante obversas animalem concipere spiritum idque partum fieri gigni pernicissimum ita sed triennium vitae non excedere Pag. 21. Lin. 6. Iaques Clement a Monke to murther him This is that murther which gaue the first breath to the damnable doctrine of King-killing which first quickened from the mouth of Antichrist himselfe and after that budded in his subordinate Impes the Iesuites for assoone as this horrible murther was committed and the newes of it flowne to Rome our Lord God Sixtus Quintus could not but bewaile the Kings death in this lamentable Elegy Facinus hoc esse which before he had stiled Rarum Insigne Memorabile Non sine Dei Opt. Max. particulari providentia dispositione spiritus Sancti suggestione designatum longé majus esse quam illud S. Iudith quae Holofernem è medio sustulit This sparke did quickly kindle and what effect it tooke you may easily iudge by this of the Iesuite Franciscus Verona Constantinus in his Apology for Iohn Casteele c. Cum eo tempore intolerabilis factus sit Rex condemnatio Clementis neque de Iure neque de Facto comprobari potuit propter tyrannidem Henrici Regis contra Statum Ecclesiam tà m quoad homicidium Blesis perpetratum quà m hostili impetu hodierno quo ad oppressionem religionis est prolapsus mactando Sacerdotes profanando Sacramenta repudiando censuras fauendo haereticis Quibus de causis totum se priuatum reddidit subjectum utrique Iuri tam Civili quam Canonico Actio igitur Clementis neutiquam Illicita fuit quippe quae perpetratâ— contra hostem publicum condemnatum Iuridicè in 〈◊〉 omnis obligatio reverentiae atque debiti sublata fuitâ— Part. 2. cap. 2. c. I cannot but English it The King being become now absolutely intolerable it was neither lawfull de Iure or de Facto to condemne this act of Clement by reason of the tyranny of this Henry both in the Church and the Common-wealth and not onely by reason of those horrible murthers he caused at â—loys but also by reason of his oppressing Religion murthâ—ring of Priests prophaning the Saâ—raments reâ—using submission to Ecclesiasticall censures and openly fauouring of Heretiques by which meanes he became onely a priuate man and subiect both to the Ciuill and Canon law And that vpon these considerations this act of â—lement could not be iudged vnlawfull being committed vpon the body of him that was an open enemy and Legally condemned and from whom all obedience and alleagiance of his Subiects was taken away I know that some of their Historians would make the world belieue that his Clement did the deed without any instigation but of his owne Genius and of that opinion is Platina or Cicarella rather adioyned to him and he would make it also the common opinion Communis erat opinio saith he â—um à nemine ad hoc factum subordinatum sed à sâ—ipsâ— postquam duobus aut tribus mensibus in hoc animi conceptâ— persevâ—raverat ad hoc arâ—uum opus permotum esse instigatum post jejunia longa post orationes ad Deum continuas sese certissimum hoc periculum adijsse c. in vita Sixti Quinti pag. 480. But there Iohannes Mariana a Spanish Iesuite one that hath made the best of this deed that euer any could is not yet of that opinion who in a Narration and prosecution of the Story saith Cognito à Thâ—ologis quoâ—â—â—at sciscitatus Tyrannum iure interiâ—i posse c. For this Iaques Clement although he had often premeditated the matter with himselfe yet at length he imparted it to some Diuines who concluded that it was lawfull for him to doe it because it is lawfull for any man to kill a King that is a Tyrant Marian. lib. 1. de Rege Regis Institutione cap. 6. pag. 53. So little doe they regard the expressâ— Canon of the Councell of Constance to the contrary of Si quis Tyrannus c. which doth strictly forbid any man either by deceit or policy or open armes to take away the life of his Prince yea though he be a Tyrant Pag. 32. Lin. 6. Which we call Pound-men In the Originall the words are The Pound-men but both the Translation and the Originall are false for the words should be thus which we call the Three-pound men as may appeare in the true Manuscript of Mr. Cambden himselfe as also because that the words may very well be so by reason that no man is a Subsidy man whose goods are valued vnder the rate of Three-pounds at which rate most of the meaner sort valuing their goods and estates gaue occasion of the name to be called Three-pound men Pag. 35. Lin. 29. In the Reigne of Francis the first For indeed Francis the first King of France and the third of that name Duke of Britaine in the right of his wife Claude that was eldest daughter to Lewis the twelfth King of France and Anne in the yeare of our Lord God 1532. with the consents of the States of Britaine inseperably vnited the Dukedome of Britaine to the Crowne of France Pag. 36. Lin. 13. That this businesse concern'd her more then that of Edward the third Pâ—â—er de 〈◊〉 in the right of his wife Alice daughter of Constance by the second marriage was the first that being Duke of Britaine made that Dukedome subiect vnto the Soueraignty and homage of the French Kings After him was Iohn the first Sonne to Peter de Dreux after him Iohn the second Sonne to Iohn the first after him Arthur the second Sonne to Iohn the second after him Iohn the third Sonne to Arthur the second This Iohn the thirdâ— dying without heâ—res caused the Right to the said Dukedome to be controuerted betweene Iohn Earle of Montfort the younger Sonne to Arthur the second Charles de Bloys Husband to Ioane la Boiâ—â—use Daughter to Guye second Son to Duke Arthur the second Edward the third King of England aided the first to wit Iohn Earle of Montâ—ort and Philip de Valoys King of France aided the other to wit Charles de Bloys to maintaine his warres But neither side yet prenailing it chanced that Iohn of Montfort died whose Sonne Iohn the fourth surnamed the Valiant after the decease of Charles de Bloys who was ouerthrowne by him and the valour of the English that assisted him at the battaile of Auray became sole Duke of Britaine and so the controuersie ceased Pag. 39. Lin. 22. Iohn Basilides Emperour of Russia The familiar Translation of these words in the Language which Merchants and Trauellers in those Countries vse is â—van Vasilowicke Emperour of all Russia although indeed
affecteth the Kingdome of France ibid. The Queene propoundeth a marriage to the K. of Scots 25 He is betrothed to Anne of Denmarke ibid. He passeth ouer to Norway 26 Tempests raised in his Voyage by Witches ibid. Bothwell accused by them ibid. The Countesse of Sussex dieth ibid. Sir Walter Mildmay dieth ibid. The Earle of Worcester dieth 27 And the Lord Sturton ibid. And the Lord Compton ibid. And the Lord Paget ibid. And Doctor Humphrey ibid. Anno M.D.XC. SVndry Hauens fortified Pag. 29 Charges for the Nauy ibid. Money lent to the French King 30 The rates of the Custome-house raised 31 The Queenes care of the States 32 She restoreth ships to the Veâ—eâ—ians 33 She procureth peace from the Turke for the Poloâ—â—â—ns and Moldauians ibid. She congratulateth the marriage of the King of Scots 34 Her care of France ibid. French Hauens taken by the Spaniard 35 His pretence of right to the Dutchy of Britaine ibid. Aide from England requested 36 The Queene prouides for Britaine ibid. And for all France ibid. Wherefore she heaâ—â—â—neth not to the ill suggestions of some both English and French men 37 Her obseruation ibid. The Earle of Warwickes death ibid. And Sir Francis Walsingham's ibid. The death of Sir Thomas Randolph 38 And of Sir Iames Croâ—â— 39 And of the Earle of Shrewesbury ibid. The death of the Lord Wentworth 40 Tir-Oen strangleth Gauâ—loc ibid. He is sent for into England and pardoned ibid. Hugh Roâ—-Mac-Mahon hanged by the Lord Deputy 41 Whereupon Brian O-Râ—cke rebels ibid. Anno M. D.XC.I THe Queenes care of the French King Pag. 43 She sendeth him aide 44 The conditions and articles that are agreed vpon betweene them ibid. A Proclamation in England against the French Leaguers ib. Sir Iohn Norris is sent into France 45 La-Noue that famous warriour dieth of a wound ibid. Sir Roger Williams behaueth himselfe brauely in the French warres ibid. Anthony Reaux sent ouer to the Queene 46 He demandeth more ayde from her ibid. The Queene sendeth ouer into France the Earle of Essex ib. He is sent for presently to Noyon by the King of France ib. He knighteth many of his followers to the great discontent of some of the English 47 He is disappointed of his promise by the French men ibid. His Brother Walter dieth of a wound at his approach to Roan ibid. He is sent into Champaigne by the French King 48 The French King breaketh promise with the Queene ibid. He sends the Earle of Essex ouer into England to require more aide of the Queene ibid. Hee sends moreouer the Lord Mourney du-Pleffis for the same purpose ibid. The education and behauiour of William Hacket 49 His extraordinary calling and Reuelations ibid. His confederates and who they were ibid. They all seeke to accuse the Lord Archbishop of Canterbury and the Lord Treasurer of Treason 50 Hackets hatred to the Queene 51 His Disciples sent abroad 52 They are apprehended 53 Hacket condemned ibid. His blasphemy at the time of execution ibid. Coppinger starued himselfe 54 Arthington recants ibid. The Queens iurisdiction in spirituall matters impugned ibid. It is defended and maintained 56 Captaine Greenuile in the Reare Admirall called the Reuenge is assailed 56 He is sorely wounded 57 Greenuile yeelded vpon condition ibid. The Reuenge suncke ibid. A requitall for her losse 58 The East-Indie Voyage ibid. Riman drowned ibid. Their returne 59 Cauendish his Voyage to the Magellane Streights ibid A Proclamation against transportation of the prouision into Spaine ibid. The death of Sir Christopher Hatton 60 Brian O-rorke arraigned 61 He is hanged at Tiburne 62 Anno M. D.XC.II BOthwell is proclaimed traitour Pag. 64 The Earle of Murray slaine 66 Bothwels attempt at the Court at Falkland ibid. The zeale of the Ministers in Scotland ibid. Letters and Blanckes taken by them 67 Sir Iohn Perot questioned ibid. He is accused ibid. The Articles of his accusatioâ— ibid. He is condemned 68 He dieth in the Tower of a disease 69 His goods are intailed vpon his Sonne ibid. The Earle of Essex returnes from France ibid. The K. of France requesteth more aide from the Queene 70 She condiscendeth vpon some conditions ibid. Captaine Norris is sent ouer 71 The Duke of Parma dieth ibid. Sir Walter Rawleighs expedition 72 A Portugall Caracke persued by Burrough ibid. He is assaulted by the English 73 The spoile taken and the value of it ibid. The couetousnesse of some English Merchants noted 74 A Proclamation about making of Ordnance ibid. The Queene going on progresse visiteth the Vniuersity of Oxford ibid. The Thames dried vp 75 A discourse about the reason of it ibid. The death of Viscount Mountague 76 And of the Lord Scroope ibid. And of Sir Christopher Wray ibid. Anno M. D.XC.III A Parliament assembled at Westminster Page 77 What Subsidies were granted more then ordinary and the caution about them 78 The summe of the Queenes speech ibid. Henry Barow a Sectary hanged 79 The Queenes care of Scotland ibid. Her admonition to the King of Scotland 80 The L. Burrough sent ouer to Scotland on an Embassie 81 What the Queene demanded by him ibid. What the K. of Scotland answered to the Queens demands ib. Bothwell being demanded of the Queene by the King of Scotland when he lurked in England wherefore not deliuered vp to him 82 Bothwell returneth secretly into Scotland ibid. Hiâ— insolent behauiour there 83 Tumults by him raised in the Court and the Chancellour thence remooued ibid. Libels in Germany against the Queene 84 Which the Queene procureth to be called in ibid. She procureth peace betweene the Turke and the Transiluanian and betweene the King of Sweden and the Muscoâ—ian ibid. Captaine Norris his proceeding in Britaine 85 His returne againe into England ibid. The King of France reconciled to the Church of Rome ibid. The reasons which he gaue for his conuersion 86 The Queenes Letter written in Latine which she sent him so soone as she heard thereof 88 A Booke of Boëtius translated by her 89 The French King excuseth his breaking promise with the Queene ibid. Agreements made betweene the Queene and him ibid. The Queenes care for the Protestants in France 90 She fortifieth her Islands of Garnsey and Iersey and sundry other places 91 A great plague in London ibid. Hesket hanged and wherefore ibid. The death of the Earle of Darby ibid. And of the Earle of Sussex 92 And of the Lord Grey ibid. And of the Lord Cromwell ibid. And of the Lord Wentworth ibid. And of Sir Christopher Carlile ibid. Complaints of the Irish. ibid. Grudges betweene Tir-Oen and Marshall Bagnall 93 Mac-Guir rebelleth ibid. Ineskelline taken 93 Tir-Oen vsurpeth the title of O-Neale 94 Shan O-Neales Sonnes surprized by Tir-Oen ibid. Anno M. D.XC.IV THe Lord Zouch sent Embassador into Scotland Pag. 96 The answer of the King of Scots 97 Bothwell againe rebelleth ibid. The pretence and cloake of his rebellion 98 Bothwell put to flight 99 The Scotch Papists banished the Realme ibid. Their plots
and new deuices 100 The pretended right of the Infanta to the Crowne of England 101 Parsons the Iesuite excuseth his Booke of Dolman 103 Prince Henry borne ibid. Treason against the Queene conspired by Lopez and others ibid. Their seuerall confessions 104 The Traitors condemned ibid. Cullin executed 105 Yorke and Williams apprehended ibid. The Queene informeth the Spaniard of treason 106 Antonio Perez lurketh in England ibid. The strength of the Leaguers much impaired 107 Norris sent ouer into Britaine ibid. Morley taken ibid. Quinpercorentine taken 108 Crodon assaulted ibid. It is taken 109 Fourbisher slaine ibid. Norris recalled ibid. Hawkins his Nauigations 110 He reacheth the 〈◊〉 Streights 110 He is assaulted 111 He yeeldeth vpon condiâ—â—on 〈…〉 set at liberty ibid. Lancasters voyage 112 Honour conferred by a forreigne Prince 〈…〉 at home ibid. The death of Cardinall Allen. 113 And of Doctor Piers Archbishop of Yorke 114 And of the Earle of Darby ibid. Contention about the Isle of Man 115 The death of the Lord 〈◊〉 116 And of the Lord Eâ—ers and of the Lord Chandoys and the Lord Montioy 117 Sir William Russell made Lord Depâ—â—y of Ireland ibid. Tir-Oen submitteth to him ibid. He is accused by Marshall Bagnall 118 Buâ— for all that is dismissed ibid. The Lord Deputy prosecuteth the Rebells â—â—9 Tir-Oen bewrayeth his rebellious 〈◊〉 ibid. Anno M. D.XC.V THe King of Scotland 〈…〉 Spaniard Page 121 Yorke and Williams hanged 122 Warre proâ—laimed in France against the Spaniard 123 The warre 〈…〉 Luxenborough and â—iccardy ibid. Ayde required from England 124 The Queene prouides against the spâ—â—â—ard ibid. More ayde required 〈◊〉 England 125 The Queene acquitteth her selfe of 〈◊〉 imputations about the taking of Cambra 125 The King of France perswaded to and disswaded from a peace with the Spaniard 127 Conditions proposed to the King of France by the Pope and 〈…〉 128 Coâ—nwall inuaded by the Spaniard ibid. Rawleighs voyage to Guiana 12â— Sir Iohn Hawkiâ—â— and Sir Francis Drakes expedition into America 130 The voiage to Porto-Rico 131 〈◊〉 de-la-Hach fired and 〈…〉 132 〈…〉 ibid. The death of Sir Francis Drake ibid. 〈…〉 ibid. â— distast betweene the Queene 〈…〉 Low Countries the reason of 〈◊〉 â—â—3 Sir Thomas Bodly sent ouer ibid. His message ibid. The answer of the 〈◊〉 134 Some monies offered in part of paiment ibid. 〈…〉 ibid. Great debating about the matter 135 Conditions proposed by the States to the Queene what they are 136 The Queene accepteth of them 137 〈…〉 ibid. The Queenes answere thereunto ibid. The death of the Earle of Arundell and of the Lord 〈◊〉 and Sir Thomas 〈◊〉 and of D. Whitaker 14â— Sir Iohn Norris sent into Ireland 141 Tir-Oen taketh Blackwater 14â— He is proclaimed Traitour ibid. The strength of the Rebells 〈…〉 Ireland 143 Norris sets forward toward Tir-Oen 143 And the Lord Deputy ioyneth with him ibid. Tir-Oen lurketh ibid. Captaine Norris seemeth too much to 〈◊〉 Tir-Oen 1â—â— He entertaineth a parley with Tir-Oen 1â—â— Tir-Oens counterfeit submission to Norris ibid. And of O-donells and Feagh-Mac-Hughâ— 1â—â— A truce made and the danger of it ibid. Anno M. D.XC.VI SIr Henry Wallop and Sir Robert Gardner sent to parley with Tir-Oen O-donell and the rest of the Rebels and to heare their grieuances Page 147 The complaints of Tir-Oen of O donell 148 Of Shan-Mac-Brian Mac-Phelim and O-Neale and 〈◊〉 others 149 Propositions proposed to the Rebels they flight 〈◊〉 reiect them 150 The manner of the truce câ—ncluded betweene them ibid. The Queenes opinion of the 〈◊〉 151 Tir-Oen dealeth vnder-hand with the Spaniard ibid. Tir-Oen sendeth Letters of the Spaniards to the Lord Deputy 152 He deludeth Captaine Norris and 〈…〉 from them a writ of pardon ibid. The Lord Deputy reduâ—eth O-Maden ibid. Tir-Oens dissimulation layd open 154 The Lord Deputy pursueth Pheagh-Maâ—h-Hugh 155 He is slaine by 〈…〉 ibid. His head is sent to 〈◊〉 and the head of Iames 〈◊〉 ib. Callis assaulted by the Arch-Duke of Aâ—stria and 〈◊〉 156 The Queene prepareth a Nauie of 140. ships ibid. The Earle of Essex and Lord Hâ—â—ard equall Generals of the Forces 157 The Prayer of Queene Elizabeth for the Nauie 158 The Nauy sets forward to Cadiz 159 Where it arriues the 20. of Iune 160 Certaine Gallies of the Spaniards withdraw themselues into the open Sea 161 The English Souldiers are set on shoare ibid. They breake downe Suaco Bridge ibid. They take the towne 162 They set fire on some Spanish ships 163 No man of note lost in this expedition but Captaine Wingfield ibid. The names of those that were knighted 164 The English consult what to doe 165 They come to the towne Pharo ibid. From thence to the 〈◊〉 166 They returne home ibid. How glorious this victory was to the English how profitable to them and how hurtfull to the Spaniard 167 Sir Francis Vere made Gouernour of Brill 168 Which the Earle of Essex taketh very ill but worse the choice of Sir Robert Cecill to be the Queenes Secretary he hauing appointed Sir Tho. Bodley for that place ibid. The Spaniard prouides a new Fleet. ibid. The greatest part whereof cast away 169 Queene Elizabeth fortifies the shoare she entreth into a new League with the French King ibid. Which they both sweare to 170 The King of France made Knight of the Garter 171 Counterfeit Purâ—euants and Apparators punished ibid. Thomas Arundell Count of the sacred Empire 172 The question discussed whether a Subiect be to admit of the honour which is conferred on him by a forreigne Prince ibid. Such honours not to be admitted 173 Counts and Viscounts such as some Officers in the Court of Rome 174 Count-Palatines and who boasted themselues so to be ibid. The Queenes iudgement on that question ibid. The death of Sir Iohn Puckering and of Richard Fletcher Bishop of London and of the Lord Hunsdon and Sir Francis Knolles 175 The death of the Earle of Huntington and of the Countesse of Darby 176 Anno M. D.XC.VII THe battle of Tournhalt in Brabant Page 177 The Queene furnisheth a Nauy to surprize the Spanish Nauy at Azores returning from the Indies 178 Sir Walter Rawleigh lands at Faiall 181 He takes the towne 182 The Earle of Essex angry for his landing ibid. Rawleigh defendeth himselfe and at last is receiued into fauour againe 183 The Islands Gratiosa and Flores yeeld to the Earle of Essex ibid. Villa Franca taken 185 An Indian Caracke burnt ibid. The English Fleet returneth ibid. The Spanish Nauy dispersed 186 Grudges betweene the Earle of Essex and Sir Walter Rawleigh and betwixt the Earle of Essex and Sir Robert Cecill ibid. Essex discontented at the Titles giuen to the Lord Admirall whereupon the Queene makes him Earle Marshall of England 187 Paâ—lâ—s D'l'aliâ—e sent Embassadour from the King of Poland 187 His Oration to the Queene full of contempt The Queenes sodaine answer made him in Latine 188 The Queene leâ—â—es him and answereth him by her Councellors afterwards 189 The Merchant Aduenturers are
forbidden traffiquing in Germany 190 And those of the Hanse-townes here in England 191 The Embassie of Sir George Carew into Poland ibid. What he effecteth with those of Dantsicke 192 And with the Polacke ibid. And with those of Elbing ibid. An Embassadour from Christian the fourth King of Denmarke ibid. The King of France requesteth aide from the Queene 193 He recouereth Amiens 194 The King of Spaine enclineth to a peace 195 A Parliament assembled in England ibid. The Lord De-la-ware restored to his old place 196 And also Thomas Lord Howard of Walden 197 The death of the Lord Cobham ibid. And of W. Powlet Marquesse of Winchester ibid. The Lord Burrough made Deputy of Ireland ibid. Captaine Norris dyeth 198 The Lord Deputy winnes the Fort at Blackwater 199 The Earle of Kildare dyeth ibid. The Rebels besiege Blackwater Fort. ibid. The Lord Deputy dyeth ibid. Iustices appointed in Ireland in the meane time 200 Tir-Oen presents his grieuances to the Earle of Ormond now Lieutenant of Ireland ibid. Anno M. D.XC.VIII THe King of France would mediate for a peace betweene the Queene of England and the Spaniard Page 202 Embassadours sent ouer about that businesse 203 Cecill Secretary to the Queene sent ouer to France ibid. He ouertaketh the King of France at Andes ibid. The resolution of the King of France about warre 204 Cecils answere in the behalfe of the Queene ibid. The Kings reply and promise to conclude a peace shortly for the benefit of both â—ingdomes ibid. But hee dealeth vnder hand with the Arch-Duke about the said peace whereupon some expostulations past betweene him and the Queene 205 Barneuelts Oration before the French in the behalfe of the Estates of the Low Countries ibid. A difference between Secretary Cecil and some of the French whereupon he is dismissed with faire words onely 207 Sir Thomas Edmonds thereupon is sent ouer by the Queene with Letters which the French King tâ—â—ke not very pleasantly ibid. The King of France stands stoâ—tly for the Queen in the Treatie at Veruins 208 The order of Session amongst the Delegates ibid. The French take exceptions that in the peace there was no mention of the Queene of England 210 The Queene hath a care of her ownâ— estate ibid. A disceptation about a peace with the Spaniard ibid. The reasons which were collected for peace 211 The reasons that were collected against it 213 The reply of those that stood for a peace 215 Burghley Lord Treasurer particularly for the peace 217 The Earle of Essex much against it ibid. Whereupon he writes and publisheth his Apologie 218 A kinde of contention betweene the Queene and the Earle of Essex ibid. The Earle behaues himselfe somewhat irreuerently before the Queene 219 Her distast thereat ibid. His answeres full of indignation to those that gaue him good aduice or counsell ibid. The death of the Lord Burghley Treasurer of England 220 His Natiuity and kindred his education he was Master of Requests and Secretary to King Edward he began to retaine vnder Queene Elizabeth 221 He is made Baron and Treasurer of England and Knight of the Garter 222 His Issue ibid. New articles of agreement between the States and the Queene 223 Sir Thomas Bodley of Councell for the Estates he restored the publique Library of Oxford first instituted by Humphrey Duke of Gloucester 224 The Lord Zouch and Christopher Perkins sent ouer into Denmarke by reason of some contention betweene the Danes and the English 225 Isabella Daughter to Philip King of Spaine betrothed to Albert of Austria ibid. The death of the King of Spaine being aboue seuenty yeares of age ibid. Three places which he was wâ—nt to call the Keyes of the Kingdome of Spaine ibid. George Clifford Earle of Cumberland returnes home from Sea He tooke Porto-Rico and other places but continued not there by reason of a disease that happened amongst his Souldiers 226 The treason of Edward Squire discouered the proceedings therein he is instigated to it by Walpole a Iesuite he bedawbes the pummell of the Queenâ—â— Saddle with poison but to no purpose He besmeared a Chaire of the Earle of Essex's with poison but to no more purpose 227 He is questioned and confesseth all and is hanged 228 Rumors scattered abroad against the K. of Scots ibid. Especially by one Valentine Thomas at the time of his execution 229 The Queenes admonition to the King of Scots in behalfe of this businesse ibid. Bookes written in the behalfe of the K. of Scots ibid. The Contents of those Books about the course of kingdomes 230 The K. himselfe writeth his Booke called Basilicon-doron 231 The affection of the Queene towards good studies ibid. Bookes that she her selfe translated ibid. The death of D. Stapleton Professour at Doway ibid. And of D. Cosins Deane of the Arches ibid. The death of Edmund Spencer the Arch-Poet his buriall at the cost and charges of the Earle of Essex 232 Black-water Fort in Ireland besieged by the Rebâ—ls ibid. The English hauâ— the worst of it in a battle ibid. The Fort not long after yeelded vp to the Rebels 233 All the Prouince of Mounster reuolts from the Queene ibid. Protections hurtfull to the Common-wealth 234 Mounster all spoilâ—d and hauockt by the Rebels ibid. Tir-Oens brags of his successe and victory ibid. Sir Richard Bingham sent ouer againe into Ireland 235 Who died there presently after his arriuall ibid. Anno M. D.XC.IX A Great consultation in England about the choice of a new Lord Deputy to be sent into Ireland Pag. 237 The Earle of Essex secretly desires it himselfe ibid. He is at length made Lord Deputy of Ireland 238 An army allotted him and the number the greatest that Ireland euer saw 238 The summe of his Commission His departure ibid. He marcheth to Mounster against some petty Rebels and neglects the tenour of his Commission ibid. The Queene takes it vnkindly and he as much the making of Sir Robert Cecill Master of the Wards an Office which he himselfe expected 240 The Earle excuses the fault and laies it on the Irish Councell ibid. Sir Coniers Clifford sets forward against the Rebells ibid. He is slaine in the battell with Sir Alexander Ratcliffe 241 A fresh supply sent ouer from England into Ireland ibid. Tir-Oen desires a Parly of the Earle of Essex ibid. Which is at last condiscended vnto at Balla-Clinch Riuers Foord ibid. Tir-Oen and the Earle of Essex talke together almost an houre 242 Tir-Oen desires to haue another conference with the Earle of Essex ibid. Whereupon a truce is made for sixe weekes ibid. Whereat the Queene is angry with the Lord Deputy ibid. She sends letters to him and to the Councell of Ireland 243 The Earle of Essex much discontented at the letters ibid. His secret plots to take some vnlawfull course to subdue his enemies at Court 244 An army of 6000. men mustered in London halfe whereof lay at watch and ward for the safety of the Queene ibid. The Earle of Essex makes an
vnexpected returne into England with some few followers ibid. He comes and kneeles before the Queene at None-such 245 He is committed to custody in the Lord Keepers house 246 He endeauoures to remooue the suspition of ill that was conceiued of him by reason of his sodaine returne ibid. When some would haue freed him by force out of custody hee would not agree to it 247 The Truce broken in Ireland by Tir-Oen in the Earles absence ibid. The proud answere and the reason thereof ibid. Tir-Oen behaues himselfe very proudly 248 The feather of a Phoenix sent him from the Pope ibid. The Lord Keeper of the Seale laies open the cause of the Earle of Essex in the Starre-Chamber to appease the people and the Lord Treasurer and the Lord Admirall and Secretary Cecill 249 The Earle of Essex wholly deuoted to prayer and godly meditation 251 A peace betweene Spaine and England proposed ibid. The Spanish Gallies arriue at Flanders 252 Charles King of Swethland sends ouer to excuse himselfe to the Queene of England ibid. The death of Richard Hooker 253 Anno M.DC. TItles to Crowne-Land confirmed by the Queene 154 A Proclamation that no gold or siluer should be carried out of the Kingdome 255 Tir-Oen conferreth honours vpon his followers ibid. Mac-Guir and Warrham Saint Leger are slaine ibid. Charles Blunt Lord Montioy made Deputy of Ireland who arriued there in the very midest of winter ibid. The Pope of Rome encourageth the Rebells of Ireland with his iudulgence and generall pardon 256 The forme and manner of it ibid. The Rebells sound an Alarme in the very suburbs of Dublin The Deputy neglects them and onely sets forward after Tir-Oen 257 But Tir-Oen preuents him ibid. The Deputy sends a Garrison to Vlster 257 The Citie of Derry is fortified and Tir-Oen repulsed 258 Ony-Mac-Mory-Og the chiefe of the Family of O-More is slaine ibid. The Lord Deputy sets forwards againe towards Vlster 259 He breaketh through many difficulties ibid. Mont-Norris Fort erected ibid. Henry Docwray chaseth the Rebels ibid. The Lord Deputy Montioy restraineth the furie of the Rebels in the Prouince of Leinster 260 After that he returnes againe to Vlster ibid. The exploits of Sir George Carew President of Vlster and what he did in that Prouince 261 A new proposall of a peace with Spaine againe ibid. Vpon what hopes this peace was propounded 262 Bononia or Bolonia the place appointed for the Treaty 263 Obseruations about the precedency of the kingdomes of Spaine England and France ibid. Peeres designed for the Queenes part 264 The instructions of the English for the Queenes honour ibid. Exceptions taken on both sides concerning some tearmes in the Commissions of the Delegates 265 The title of Most Illustrious canuased ibid. The English challenge for the Queene the first place 274 The Spaniards will not yeeld them place equall with them ibid. New instructions to the English from the Queene 275 The complaint of the Archduke about the Queenes succouring the Hollanders in the time of Truce answered 276 By reason of Priority or Equality denied to the Queene the Treaty breakes off very abruptly after it had continued three moneths 277 The battle at Newport with the rest of the proceedings there 278 Sir Francis Vere wounded in the leg and the thigh and his Horse slaine vnder him 280 They that were taken of the enemy they that were wounded and the Englishmens names that best deserued in the battle 281 Contentions betwixt the English French about prizes ibid. The matter of agreement betweene both parties 282 Contentions betweene the English and the Danes concerning Traffique and Fishing 283 The English complaine of the exactiâ—n of tribute for passing the Sound the Danish Delegates depart for want of victuals 285 Two Breefes sent priuately by the Pope against the K. of Scots nexâ— Heire to the Crowne of England ibid. The treason intended by the Ruthwens the Brothers of Earle Gowry 286 Great complaint in England for the scarsity of Corne. ibid. The Earle of Essex commanded to keepe his house 287 He appeares before the Lords Commissioners ibid. The Earle makes answere for himselfe 288 The L. Keeper interrupts the Earle in his answere 289 Great hopes of the Earles liberty collected from the Queenes naturall inclination to mercy 290 As also from the noblenesse vertuous disposition of the heart of Essex himselfe ibid. Considerations in what course of life the Earle was best to imploy himselfe 292 Great humblenesse of minde in the Earle of Essex 293 The Earles message to the Queene full of humility ibid. The Queenes answere in words she would often vse 294 Cuâ—â—e gets accesse to the Earle of Essex ibid. But the Earle is yet deafe to his bad counsell ibid. The Queen will not yeeld to Essex's petition 295 Whereat the Earle grew much discontented ibid. And now begins to hearken to ill counsell ibid. He keepes open entertainment for all commers 296 The death of Roger Lord North. ibid. Anno M.DC.I. EMbassadours sent from Maâ—ritania and Russia Pag. 297 Diuers Princes resort to visite the Quâ—â—ne ibid. The Earle of Essex quite deafe to any good aduice 298 He is mâ—re and more enraged but especially for the Earle of Southamptons beiâ—g assaâ—lâ—ed by the Lord Grey in the open street 299 He eâ—deauoureth to draw the King of Scots to his party ibid. The Earle of Southampton Sir Charles Dauers Sir Ferdinando Gorge Sir Iohn Dauis and Iohn Littleton made priuy to the Earle of Essex secret plots and purpâ—ses 300 Their meeting in Drewry house the things proposed there the conclâ—siâ—n of surprizing the Court. 301 Whereupon suspition is daily encreased of the Earles loyalty ibid. And the Earlâ— him â—elfe sent for to the Lord Treasurers 302 Bâ—t he excusâ—â—h himselfe by reason of ill health and went not ibid. He beginneth to conceiue new plots ibid. A great multitude of people assemble about Essex house 303 Some Lords of the Coâ—ncell sent to know the reason 304 The Earle of Essex his complaint to them ibid. The open clamors of the multitude to kill the Councellours 305 The Lords are lockt vp in Essex house ibid. The Earle himselfe entreth London to the Sheriffes-â—â—use 306 He is presently proclaimed Traitor ibid. He thinkes which way to returne home againe 307 Sir Ferdinando Gorge sets the Lords of the priuy Councell free ibid. A conflict neere the Bishop of Londons Palace ibid. The Earle takes bâ—at at Queene-hith and fâ—rtifies his house 308 The Earle of Essex commanded to yeeld will not but vpon some conditions ibid. The Admirall will giue none ibid. Tbe Earle determineth to issue forth vpon them ibid. But vpon better aduice begins to thinke of yeelding 309 They all yeeld themselues vp to my Lord Admirall ibid. The Earles of Essex and Southampton imprisoned ibid. The care of the Citizens highly commended by the Queene in a Proclamation 310 Thomas Lee taken and executed at Tiburne ibid. A Proclamation against 〈◊〉 and Râ—n-awaies 311 The plots of the Conspirators are
perswaded them into a strong mutiny The drift and scope of their purpose was that hauing surprised the King they might make way for some forreigne forces to restore the decaying Romish Religion to its former perfection and then to assayle England in reuenge of the death of the Queene of Scots The pretences whereby they drew the facil disposition of the comminalty into a fauouring and following of the businesse were That the king was against his will constrayned to the custody of Maitland the Chancellour and some others of the English faction That the English men flesht as it were with the safe and vnreuenged death of the Queene of Scots had now made themselues ready euen to roote out the whole Scottish nobility and that they at the request of the King himselfe had put themselues thus in armes to rescue Him from the strictnesse of his custody and the Realme from ruine The King hauing beene gone a hunting and certified by many messengers vpon one and the same day that on the one side Bothwell was neere at hand with a troope of Borderers and that Huntley and the rest came marching towards him from the Northerne quarters with a compleat army by his Proclamation to and for the same purpose declares them all Traytors and sendeth out a presse amongst his loyall Subiects excepting none but those whom eyther by reason of defect of sixteene yeeres or excesse aboue threescore not his clemency so much as Nature exempted from seruice Heereupon Bothwell discomfited for the very feare of an ouerthrow forsakes his courage as his complices did him and betakes himselfe to his places of retire But the Earle of Huntely still keepeth on his march and by the way surpriseth Glamise an old enemy of his and Captaine of the Kings Guard The Queene of Englands discretion entertayning a iealous thought that her owne Kingdome would share in the dolefull effects of those mischiefes that Scotland hatched left nothing vnattempted which the forcible argument eyther of money or reason could effect to spurre on the King of Scots to an immature crushing of this Spanish policy which notwithstanding the ripenesse of his owne iudgement had already prompted him to For being as wary to preuent as skilfull to foreknow the storme that might follow hee presently sets forward towards Huntley But he whether out of a guilty feare of Maiesty imprinted in the heart of rebellion or out of some politique distrust of his owne or his complices ability hauing marched on as farre as Dee-bridge no sooner vnderstood of the approach of the Kings forces but dismissing Glamise he betakes himselfe to the deceitfull security of his owne dwellings amongst the ragged hilles at Strathbolgie Thither when the King more eager of the chase then carefull either of his age or Person vnacquainted with labour want and such course entertainment as those sharpe climates affoorded had narrowly pursued him first the Earle tendred a submission vpon the condition of safety both of life and goods but afterwards hee wholly and absolutely yeelded vp himselfe to the pleasure of the King who at the first indeed vouchsafing him not so much as the curtesie of conference straightway committed him to prison but not long after released him both from his punishment and his offence neither only pardoned he him but extended the same mercy to euery one of his complices whose sober discretion could so farre dispense with their proud ambition as to petition for it The same moneth that these affayres went thus harshly with the Spaniards fauorites in Scotland was Philip Howard Earle of Arundel now after three yeeres imprisonment in the Tower for suspition of too good affection to the Spaniard arraigned at Westminster Hall before Henry Earle of Darby appointed Lord High Steward of England for this matter and the rest of his Peeres William Cecil Lord Burgheley High Treasurer of England William Marquesse of Winchester Edward Earle of Oxford Lord High Chamberlayne of England Henry Earle of Kent Henry Earle of Sussex Henry Earle of Pembrooke Edward Earle of Hartford Henry Earle of Lincolne The Lord Hunsdon The Lord Willoughby of Eresby The Lord Morley The Lord Cobham The Lord Gray The Lord Darcy of the North The Lord Sands The Lord Wentworth The Lord Rich The Lord Willoughby of Parrham The Lord North The Lord Saint-Iohns of Bletso The Lord Buckhurst The Lord La-ware and the Lord Norrice The Earle being commanded to lift vp his hand lift vp both that and his voyce in these words Behâ—ld a hand cleare and a minde syncere The principall heads whereof hee was accused were First that he was of too intimate acquaintance with Cardinall Allan Parsons the Iesuite and other Traytors who lay in continuall wayt for the destruction both of Prince and people and who by exciting both Forrayners abroad and Naturall Subiects at home plotted the reducement of the Romish Religion to its ancient vigour Secondly that in letters sent by Weston otherwise Burges a Priest he had ingaged his promise to the sayd Cardinall for the promotion of the Catholique cause and to that intent would secretly haue conueyed himselfe out of the Realme Thirdly that he was priuy to the Bull of Sixtus Quintus Bishop of Rome whereby the Queene her selfe was deposed and her kingdomes bequeathed to the inuasion of the Spaniard Fourthly that in the time of his imprisonment in the Tower of London he caused Masse to be sayd for the prosperous successe of the Spanish Fleet and that hee himselfe had vsed diuers peculiar prayers to the same purpose Then being demanded whether he were guilty or not he requires his fourefold acâ—usation with a fourefold interrogation of the Iudges as First whâ—ther it were lâ—wfull to wrap and knead vp so many particular offences in one Inditement To whom they answered it lawfull Secondly whether Coniecturall Arguments were of force or no to convince a truth To whom they answered it lawfull for him to interpose exception against them Thirdly whether they could lustly accuse him of things that were made treason in the thirteenth yeare of the Queene now after the time alotted in the very law To whom they promised no proceeding against but out of the old law for treason enacted by King Edward the third Lastly he demanded whether that were a formall Inditement which erred both in time and place To whom they returned the thing what and not so much the time when or the place where to be chiefely to be considered Then being demanded againe whether he were guiltie or no he pleaded not guiltie submitting his cause to God and the iudgement of his Peeres requesting withall that the weakenesse of his memorie much impayred by the great indisposition of his bodie and the long time of his imprisonment might occasion no harme or disaduantage vnto him â—f he should by chance falter in such multiplicitie of matter Sergeant Puckering dilating vpon the former part of the Inditement declares vnto them how that Cardinall
put to flight his Catholique Maiesties forces the most potent Prince in Europe landed in fowre seuerall places marched with banners displayed in the enemies ground seuen dayes together attempted one of their greatest cities with no small forces lodged three nights together in the suburbes thereof chased the enemy to their owne gates tooke two castles by the sea side and vnfurnisht the enemy of great store of warlike prouision Yet wanted there not some discontented detractors who by interposing the losse of six thousand souldiers and mariners which the violence of the disease swept away sought to discredit the true glory of this noble and heroicke enterprize But certainely by it England hath learned not to feare the conceited power of the Spaniard and is now better flesht against the next occasion of the like seruice It hath beene much controuerted concerning the originall cause of this disease amongst thâ— English whether or no it proceeded from immoderate drinking of wine and excessiue eating of fruit from the naturall disproportion of theirs and our ayre or from all of them And it is an obseruation as worth our wonder as our memory that expeditions from England into Spaine haue beene for the most part euer infortunate to this Nation as was that of Iohn of Gaunt Duke of Lancaster about the yeere of Grace MCCCLXXXVI wherin of twenty thousand Englishmen ten thousand died And that of the Marquesse Dorset in the yeere 1512. wherin of ten thousand English a disease murthered 1000. in a short space and that in the hithermost coasts of Spaine But the obseruation of the learned may giue this wonder a probability of reason For they argue that an army comming from the South into the North is thereby the more hardened according as the Inward heat is either remitted or intended by the outward ayre and that that of Vitruvius is very true They that remooue out of cold countries into hâ—tter cannot long continue But they that come from hot countreyes into colder in the North doe not impeaâ—h their health by this change of ayre but confirme it When that the tract of small time had acquainted those of the Hanse townes with the vnexpected surprizall of their captiue Hulkes they begin to fashion their discontents into a forme of complaint seasoned with some weake 〈◊〉 which they present to the Queene concerning the violations of their ancient Priuiledges and customes The Queene returnes them this answer That her former admonition to them of not transporting come or any other warlike prouision to the Spaniard had made this surprizall which they complayned of very lawfull and that it could be thought of no otherwise vnlesse that they would haue her preferre their Priuate commodities before the good publique of her owne common wealth That shee ought not to auouch such Priuiledges which are onely Priuate Lawes against the safety of her Dominions whiâ—h is a Supreme Law And that the same Act with which they vrge the violating of their customes doth annihilate their complaints for that in the Priuiledge granted to them by King Edward the First there is this clause interweaued That they should not transport or conuey any 〈◊〉 or merchandize into the countreyes of manifest and notorious enemies of the Kingdome of England That therefore in the heat of any warre their Traffique was wont to be stayed when they furnished eyther enemy And that not onely the English serued them so but euen Charles the fift the King of Sweden and Denmarke and Poland and not long since the Prince of Orange and all iustly euen according to the Law of Nations wishing them heereafter so to vse the benefit of their neutrality that whilest they aâ—â—isted the one they iniured not the other party And lastly gently admonishing them of their vnseemly threats especially to a Prince who in respect of Ability dreaded not the mightiest Monarch breathing yet in respect of her Honour would imbrace a peace with the meanest and most constantly obserue all lawes of Neighbourhood And of this her constancy the King of Nauarre and France was no small witnesse one whereof shee succoured both with money and munition to the suppressing of a difficult warre and the other she established in quietnesse euen vpon the very point of despayre of it Foâ— to digresse yet a little in the way the Duke of Aniou brother to the King dying without issue the King at that time being both without children and the very hope of euer hauing any the kingdome of France was lineally to descend to the King of Nauarre and afterwards to the Prince of Conde both zealous professours of the Reformed Religion Whereupon the Catholike Princes of France not vnknowne either to the Pope or to the Spaniard complotted a diuellish conspiracy wherin they had onely interested the cause of Religion and therefore termed it the Holy League vtterly to ouerthrowe the King by heaping the enuie of the whole land vpon him and so by peruerting the naturall course of succession with that to ruinate also the Reformed Religion They that impiously combined themselues in this conspiracy bound themselues by a strong oath neuer to suffer any one to rule France that eyther had euer or was likely to professe any Religion but the Romane Catholique that they would neuer allow of one that being brought vp and bred in the Reformed Religion should afterwards absolutely forsweare it least hauing once gotten the Kingdome he should change his Religion with his State Who could be so besotted in his iudgement as not to see that this businesse tended onely to excluded Nauarre and the Prince of Conde Yet notwithstanding the mystery of this conspiracy wrought so couertly that it was long ere it could come to ripenesse For first the Duke of Guise the chiefe Head of this villany hauing valiantly defended Poitiers against the Protestants and vanquished the Germane horsemen sent by the Duke of Alenzon and scattered the mighty leauy of Germanes vnder the conduct of Baron D'onawe was so infinitely magnified both by the Laity and the Popish Clergie of France that to the preiudice of the King himselfe he was euery where stiled the Sole defender of the Catholique Religion and the Hammer of the Protestants Vpon but his very 〈◊〉 into Paris at one time there arose such an vproare amongst the inconstant people that the King for the safety of his person was compelled to impeach his owne Honour to retire from Paris and to call a Councell aâ— Bloys In which Councell his necessities droue him to a forced patience of these inconueniences to consent to this Holy League by his expresse Proclamation in Iulie to root out the Reformed Religion to constitute the Duke of Guise the Great Master of the French Warres and to seale to him the confirmation of these Articles with the receipt of the Sacrament The King himselfe now fearing him whom he himselfe had made thus to be feared and so great that no Law could question him or
his proceedings began now to aâ—gment his feare to a cautelous suspition lest the Dukes ambitious policy should lay wayt for his life and concluding his owne life and safety out of the necessary murther of the Duke shortly after as he was entring the Arras of his Priuy chamber caused him to be run through and his Brother the Cardinall to be strangled committing the Dukes sonne Cardinall Bourbon and as many of the Leaguers as the danger of those times would licence his enquiry for to the safe custody of close prison And now began a generall confusion to ouerrun the face of all France the disiointed limbes of a compleat Kingdome lept into a variety of rebellion The peopâ—e began at their pleasure to disburthen themselues of their duty to Magistrates to rob the Kings veâ—y Court at Paris Some Cities began to affect and estâ—bâ—ish Democracy others Aristrocracie the rest Oligarchy few or none a Monarchie The villany of this conspiracy hauing now growne ripe for such misery that by striuing to make as it were many Kingdomes they had almost reduced it to none At their next assembly the Leaguers cause a new Seale for the administring the affayres of the Realme to be engrauen arrogating to their ambitious rebellion all Princely Iurisdiction they share amongst it themselues the best fortified places and sometimes whole Prouinces They stop the Reuenewes of the Crowne and recall the Spanish forces out of the Low Countries foure whole Parliaments of France seconding them with their vnanimous suffrages and all the Clergie of the Realme preaching nothing but warre against their owne Souereigne Insomuch that the King turning to the Protestants and they turning from their allegiance caused one Iaques Clement a Monke to murther him The Leaguers although not onely his right of Succession but aâ—so the Kings option on his death bed assured him of the Crowne by a Proclamation banisht Nauarre not more from the Crowne then the Kingdome declaring him guilty of Heresie and of drawing the enemies forces into his owne countrey But although all of them agreed in this to exclude Nauarre yet euery mans priuate engagement could not easily come to an agreement whom they should create King Charles Duke of Maine Brother to the slaine Duke of Guyse thought himselfe most worthy of it because hee had forced the Protestants many times to a great incoÌ„uenience most of their Cities to their ancient obedience Likewise because Cardinall Bourbon being feeble a Priest and now in prison would if he should be elected rather exercise the wits of the French to scoffe and scorne him than their allegiance to reuerence and obey him yet that by making him King they might not onely acknowledge the Right of the familie of the Bourbons to the Crowne but also recall the old Right of the Vncle against the Nephew But the controuersie came not so neare the hope of reconcilement for others preferred the Cardinall of Lorraine or any of his familie that so now at length the ancient Right so long abused by Hugh Capet at first might be restored to the familie Vrging that the Spaniard greatly fauoured that House and that hee would bequeath his daughter to any one that was chosen out thence Others opposed against him the Duke of Sauoy sonne of the daughter of the King of France sonne in law to the King of Spaine a neighbour Prince and as truly couragious as noble The rest nominated Guise by reason of his Grandfather and Fathers seruice done the Realme and the Catholique Religion Neither were there wanting some scattered suffrages for the Spaniard himselfe which flattery would easily haue encreased had there beene any hope of speeding But the maior part pretending a very forme of iustice in the height of a rebellion reflecteth vpon the Cardinall of Bourbon as being one degree neerer to the deceased King than his Nephew Nauarre was and as one that had suffered much in the Catholique cause by whose meanes after an easie deliuerance out of the prison to the Throne they might if not with as much speede yet with more conuenience represse the Reformed Religion than by crauing forraine helps for assistance in that matter This conclusion was cunningly broacht by Mendoza the Spaniards Embassadour who since he perceiued hee could not pleasure his master with his conceited hope of an Immediate election thought to lay here a foundation of reducing by degrees that Kingdome vnder his Dominion So that now amongst these Leaguers and Conspiratours Cardinall Bourbon is proclaimed King and coynes dispersed about in traffique with his inscription of Charles the tenth The Duke of Maine is declared to be Lieutenant Generall of the Crowne of France who presently to bring his office into execution musters all his forces with an intent either to surprise Nauarre proclaimed likewise King of France amongst his confederates at Deepe where he resided or driue him by violence out of France The French King being now reduced to so great streights hauing pitched his campe neere vnto Deepe with as good successe as speed presently dispatched Beauore La Noe-cle and immediatly after Buhie and Bozenuale into England to proffer to the Queene an offensiue and defensiue league and to desire some aide from her The Queene vnwilling to be defectiue to his doubtfull hopes in such a courtesie out of her true zeale to his Religion and fortune mixt with a iealous feare of the reuolting of the Germans and Switzers his stipendiaries who to gaine but the emptie riches of a large promise were likely to endanger their fidelity presently furnisht him with two and twenty thousand pounds of english Gold A somme which either somewhat to the disparagement of his owne estate or more to the true token of his gratitude he ingenuously acknowledged he neuer yet saw paralell'd besides munition and some foure thousand men vnder the conduct of Peregrine Lord Willoughby who after the departure of the Earle of Leicester out of the low countries had in succeeding him purchased no small honor She appointed Sir Thomas Wilford who was also Marshall Sir Iohn Burrough Sir William Drury and Sir Thomas Baskeruile Colonels allotting them a moneths pay before hand who after their arriuall in France behaued themselues both to the Kingdoms and their owne honour The brute of their expected arriuall mingled with the ouerthrow as much against their reason as their hopes which the French King lately gaue the Leaguers at Arques so discouraged the pride of their hopâ—s that the very day before the arriuall of the English they fled from before the King with bagge and baggage The King partly encouraged with this victory the obiect of his wonder as much as ioy and partly with the welcome arriuall of the English began to draw his forces towards Paris where the English and the Switzers attempting that part thereof which lies betweene Saint Marcels gate and the riuer Seine made such a resolute breach through their rampiers and inclosures that hauing
gotten as farre as Saint Victors they esteemed the entrance of the mayne Citie as the last so the least part of the assault The French King whether out of feare of the disabilitie of his forces or of hope that shortly it would yeeld or perswasion that the Duke of Maine would not bid him battaile sounds presently a retreate from Paris and remoues to Estampes leauing the Lord Willoughbie and the English on the way to blocke vp the Leaguers passage till such time that both the Towne and Castle yeelded After this they took Vendosme the same place which with the whole country Henry the Fift of England had formerly giuen to Robert Willoughby Gouernour of Normandy as a sure argument of his loue and the others valour They reduced likewise to their due obedience Caën Alanzon Falais Loux and Honfleure After which time and trauell of aboue fiue hundred miles besides the wearinesse of their Irish service they that suruiu'd returned home to England The chiefe of note that died either by disease or battaile were one Captayne Hunning and Stubs who hauing formerly lost his right hand for writing against the mariage of the Queene with the Duke of Aniou heere lost his life and Sir William Drury one without doubt who had enioyed a longer life if reason could haue preuayled with his passion to haue preserued it For contending with Burroughs a Lords yonger sonne for the vpper â—and against the order of ranking Nobility in England he was slaine by him in a single combat The Queene intended not so speedy a returne of the English and the French King greeued at it hauing had intelligence that the Spaniard lay in wayt for the Kingdome of France for he already through the meanes of Morea Taxie and Bernardine Mendoza got it propounded in the Councell of the Leaguers that to recompence his charges which he had beene at for their assistance they should nominate him the Protectour of the Catholiques in France and confer vpon him the same Prerogatiues that he enioyes in the Kingdome of Naples and Sicily of bestowing by his Delegates all Offices whether Ecclesiasticall or Ciuill The loftinesse of this vndermining request intermingled with the eager promoting of it by Cardinall Caietan the Popes Nuntio came yet so short of their expectation of successe that it occasioned great discontentment in the French themselues whose riper iudgements prompted them to this caution by promoting their Religion not to lose their Reason And as the Queene imploied no small care in establishing Nauarre in the Kingdome of France so had she a long time sought opportunity to contriue a match betweene his sister Katharine and the King of Scotland wisely considering that both of them would stand her in great stead to refell the force of Catholiques and their plots against Protestants but the euent prooued not answerable by reason that her age was of the most and her meanes of the least her brother himselfe likewise being much impouerished by these neuer discontinuing warres The King of Scotland notwithstanding being still vnmarried ceased not very often to sollicite the Queen for her aduice in the choice of a wife who being more slow in answering him then the desire of the Scots although not then reason required gaue occasion to the Scots not only to suspect but euen to vent this suspitioÌ„ in open clamors that the English by their cunning trickes sought to depriue the King both of Honour and Issue thereby conceyting an impunity for the death of his mother and to exclude the Scottish race from succession in England This when the Queene vnderstood shee exhorted the King to choose himselfe a wife and such a one that might well please him not displease the people nor occasion the long amity betweene them to fall into suspition The King of Scots therefore hauing somewhat about a yeere before setled his affection on Anne the daughter of Fredericke the Second King of Denmarke who was also honoured with the Queenes ample commendations this yeere about Iuly contracted himselfe to her by his Proxie the Earle Marshall But shee being shipped for Scotland in the middest of her voyage was driuen backe by a tempest into Norway which so bruised her ships that shee could not in long time put to sea againe The King to the prayse of his Religion as well as his loue about October next passeth to Norway for the Sates of the Kingdome appointed and he himselfe sealed their resolution with a vowe to marry within the compasse of a yeare and there celebrated the marriage where both of them were compelled to stay till next May before their ships necessity and a seasonable opportunitie would licence their departure It was first the opinion of many but afterwards their faith that these tempests at sea were raysed by the execrable power of sorcerers and witches by reason of the violence of the waues and windes that were more turbulent and the stormes shorter and yet oftner than ordinarie whereupon they concluded some operatiâ—e power besides nature partly by reason that euill spirits Princes of the Ayre may with better safety trade with the poore ignorant people in the Northerne clymate from whom partly their pouerty and want of other mens industry hath concealed the light of the Gospel but especially by reason of the open confessions of some Witches that were vpon some occasion apprehended who confessed that they raysed those stormes on purpose to keepâ— the Queene from Scotland and that likewise Bothwel had beene with them to know the Kings fortune This being denounced Treason amongst the Scots by a Law of Queene Marry coâ—t Bothwel a strict imprisonment yet it seemes not so strict but that shortly he brake out from that into worse troubles wherewith all Scotland was annoyed There died this yeere Frances the Countesse of Sussex widow of the Thomas Earle of Sussex and sister to Henry Sidney who hauing giuen many precepts of vertue in her life at her death taught it by example in erecting Sidney Sussex Colledge in Cambridge And Sir Walter Mildmay a man as full of variety of vertues as euer he was of offices yet was hee chosen by Henry the Eigth to bee ouerseeâ— of the Court of Augmentation Knighted by King Edward the Sixt made a Priuy Counsellour by Queene Elizabeth Chancellour of the Exchequer and Subtreasurer He founded Emanuel Colledge at Cambridge in the yeere 1584. endowing it with meanes and reuenewes to mayntayne threescore and two Students and a President Him succeeded Sir Iohn Fortescue an excellent man and a good Grecian who was long time Tutor to the Queene and Master of her Wardrobe Likewise there died William Somerset Earle of Worcester the Sonne of Henry and Nephew of Charles whom his onely Sonne Edward succeeded a man so prosperous in his issue that he might reckon more sonnes and daughters then most Noble men in England There died also Iohn Lord Sturton the sonne of Charles whom Queene Mary
elsewhere in difficult affaires and no more acquainted with this message than the occasion of it The Queene notwithstanding could not wel endure that the Spaniard should be possessed of so rich and conuenient a place to inuade England Holland or Zeland from In so much that the continuall meditation of this matter wrought these words out of her that This businesse concern'd her more than that of Edward the third who at excessive charges maintained the cause of Iohn of Montfort to keepe the French from possessing themselues of Britaine There were indeed some about the Court to the commendation of their warinesse more than wisdome that prompted the Queene to a parâ—imony aduising her not to be at so great charges for others good but rather to regard her owne wishing her not to put any confidence in French-men as being traâ—terous euen to their owne Kings thence taking an occasion to returne to her memory their cruelty in butchering one of their Kings that was a professed Catholike and their villany in thus persecuting another that is a Protestant They vrged to her likewise the vniust claime the French laid to Metz Toul and Verdune formerly annexed to the Empire of Germany which notwithstanding the memory of later ages witnessing as much they by violence haue disioynted from it That they doe as constantly hate the English euen now when they are friends as others doe when they are enemies that they doe so duely breake promise in repaying of monies to the English that they vse to Nick-name other Creditors whom they likewise disappoint with this by-word Les Anglois These are Englishmen Lastly that by their homebred seditions they haue so rent a flourishing estate into factions that the whole Realme might rather excite her neighbours pity than occasion their feare it being now like a grosse body burthened with its owne weight and so disordered by the mutable obedience of the people that if it should chance to faile of an enemy abroad it would soone find one at home The Queene as desirous of the commendations of the French from the mouth of an English man as careful of their safety from the hands of an enemy entertained this discourse both with disdaine and laughter and when not onely the English but euen some French themselues counsel'd her to put in for her share and ceaze vpon Picardie or Normandie as the Spaniard and the Leaguers had already cantonized all France putting her in minde of the saying of Charles of Burgundy that It was best for all neighbour nations when France had twenty Kings She heard them with a much forced patience and disdainfully putting them by said That whensoeuer France it's last day should be at hand the euening thereof would bring in Englands ruine and destruction Whilst these businesses were on foot Ambrose Dudley Earle of Wâ—rwicke sonne of Iohn Duke of Northumberland and Knight of the Order of S. George departed this life as full of vertue as empty of Issue And not long after Sir Francis Walsingham also the Queenes Secretary and Chancellour of the Duchie of Lancaster and of the Order of the Garter He was a man as commendable for industrie as imitable for his wisdome and piety one that had beene employed in many honourable Embassies a strict professour of the reformed Religion a curious searcher out of secrets one that could diue into mens dispositions and worke them to his owne ends at pleasure His Art that way as it was past imitation so was it beyond the Queenes owne expectation in so much that the Papists euery where traduced him as a subtle enginere to screw simple Proseâ—ytes within the danger of the law This intelligence which hee continually had of all plots and deuises that were hatched within the Realme cost him such excessiue charges that hauing spent not onely his estate but euen his credit which was much impeached by his abundant debts he was in the night time buried at Pauls without any Funerall solemnity Hee left but one daughter who first marrying Sir Philip Sidney bore him a daughter married to Roger Earle of Rutland and then marrying her second husband the Earle of Essex bore him one sonne and some daughters and afterwards being married to the Earle of Clan-Richard an Irish Lord bore to him also Children of both sexes Not long aboue a moneth or two Sir Thomas Randolph ouer-liued him yet not so neere to him in his death as hee was in acquaintance and loue in his life This was he whose brother Edward a braue souldier died victoriously in Ireland in the yeare 156â— In the time of his youth hee liued a Ciuill Lawyer in Christ-Chuch in Oxford and afterwards became the Principall of Broad-gates Hall since named Pembroke Colledge Hee had beene imployed in many seuerall Embassies thrice to the Peeres in Scotland thrice to Queene Mary of Scotland after her returne from France Seuen times to Iames the sixt of Scotland thrice to Iohn Basilides Emperour of Russia once to Charles the ninth of France and againe to Henry the third The Queene rewarded this his seruice with the Chamberlaines Office in the Exchequer heretofore a place of great honour and worth the Mastership of the Post-horses and some small land Neither could ambition or the charge of many chiâ—dren occasion any appetite in him of greater wealth to the true patterne of a contented minde for all high and worldly men whereof there are very few but haue lesse occasion and greater desire And let mee not forget that which may benifit posterity with the memory of it a letter which hee sent to Sir Francis Walsingham a little before his death wherein hee declared how fitting it was and how necessary that the one should leaue of the trickes of a Secretary and the other of an Embassadour and imploy the time before their death in repentance for the sinnes of their life Shortly after him died Sir Iames Croft who in the dayes of Edward the sixt valiantly defended Hadington in Scotland against the French He was for a while Lord Deputy of Ireland hauing beene condemned for treason in the hot dayes of Queene Mary was as gratiously pardoned by Queene Elizabeth and made Gouernour of Barwicke and the Easterne borders He likewise was Comptroller of her Maiesties houshold and a Delegate at the Treaty of Bourbourge After all which hauing had the vertue to excite the very enuie of the Court against him and yet hee happy fortune to ouercome it liued and died in the loue and fauour both of Prince and people With the yeere also ended George Talbot his lifeâ—being Earle of Shropshire the sonne of Francis and the seuenth Earle of that House who in the Reigne of Queene Mary hauing to the number of three thousand vnder him committed to him by his Father the Generall of the Army in the Scottish warres rescued the Earle of Northumberland at Lo-wick out of most eminent danger Hee was also Captayne of a troupe
of fiue hundred horse He was one of the appointed Guard for the Queene of Scots Afterwards at the decease of the Duke of Norfolke he was substituted Earle Marshall of England For the space of fifteene yeeres he continued in such trusty loyalty that neyther the calumny of the Court the plots of his enemies nor the troubles hee sustayned by his second wife could vndermine or shake it to the glory of his wisedome as well as valour Hee had by Gertrude the daughter of Thomas Earle of Rutland his first wife Francis that died vntimely Gilbert that was his heire married to Mary Cauendish the daughter of his mother in Law Edward married to the daughter and ioint heyre of the Lord Ogle with Henry and Thomas Hee had daughters Catharine married to Henry the sonne of the Earle of Pembroke that died issuelesse Mary married to Sir George Sauil and Grace to Sir Henry Cauendish By his later wife Elizabeth the widow of William Cauendâ—sh hee had no issue And to make vp the Catalogue of this yeeres mortality Thomas Lord Wentworth also departed this life being the last English Gouernour of Callice whose second sonne Henry for the eldest died when the Father liued succeeded In Ireland the last yeere Hugh Gaueloc so nicke-named by reason of his long continuance in fetters the naturall son of Shane-Oneale had accused Hugh Earle of Tyre-Oën for hauing had priuy conferences with some Sp aniards that in 88 were cast vpon the Irish shoares which accusation the Earle coueting to frustrate by some speedy preuention gaue order that he should be surprized by some tricke or other and strangled and when the reuerence of him and his familie had strucke such a conscience into the exeâ—utioner that was prescribed for this villany that hee refused to doe his office the Earle himselfe was reported to haue fitted the cord and strangled him hâ—mselfe Heereupon being cited into England he craued the Queenes pardon for his fault and obtayned it at her Maiesties Manour of Greenwich where he protested a peace with all his neighbours but especially with Turlogh Lenigh and gaue hostages for the assurance of the performance also of not assuming vpon himselfe the title of O-Neale or the exercise of any Iurisdiction ouer the Nobility that were hâ—s neighbours of reducing all Tyr-Oen into the compleat forme of a County of imposing no taxations which they call Bonaghti vpon his poore Countrey men that were vnder him Of not blocking vp the passage for prouision for the English Garrison at Blacke water or the riuer More of not admitting Monkes Friers or Nunnes or other rebels to reside within his territories or dominions and of performing many more such like Articles yet on this condition also that Turlogh Leâ—igh and the rest of the Nobility neere him might bee bound to a peace also with him lest that his necessity of quietnesse should excite their after iniuries After his returne into Ireland he made a confirmation of his former protestation before Sir William Fitz-Williams Deputy of Ireland and other Councellours of Estate and indeed for some time there was such an vnexpected reformation in his outward cariage that might promise an vnquestioned loyalty of an obedient subiect which he so coloured with the smooth pretence of vertue that his now exemplary duty seemed vnto many from conscience more then the feare of disobedience Not long before the Lord Deputy hauing apprehended at home Hugh Roe-Mac-Mahon a great Noble man in the County of Monaghan whom his owne iudgement before had preferred before some others of the Nobility that contended with him for principality caused a company of common souldiers to passe Iudgement vpon him as the Irish complayne condemned and hanged him for hauing displaied his banners after the rude custome of the Irish and demanded his tributes from them His lands were diuided amongst the English and some of the Mac-Mahons certaine reuenewes onely being alotted them which they were to hold of the English The policy of this iustice was to weaken as much as might bee a House greater then the rest and â—tronger in the multitude of dependants and also vtterly to extinguish both the tyranny and the name of Mac Mahon A title that whosoeuer could purchase eyther by might or right seemed to priuiledge them to any iniurious tyranny The terrour of this seuere Iustice so amazed the guilty conscience of Brian Ororcke a noble man in Brennie that lies next to Monaghan that striuing to preuent such torture in himselfe he prouoked it and for feare of being apprehended turned traytor and tooke vp armes against the Queene But being vanquished by Sir Richard Bingham President of Conaugh he fled ouer into Scotland and was deliuered at her demand to the hands of the Queene The King of Scotland willingly sending her both him and this answer That hee esteemed euery one of her enemies his owne which indeed appeared for hee not onely sleighted his Popish Peeres in Scotland and the Earle of Westmorland with some other factious English who would haue incensed him against the Queene but also caused Iames and Donald Mac-Conell to giue in caution not to nourish any sedition in Ireland either out of the Hebrides or Scotland THE FOVRE and thirtieth Yeere OF HER REIGNE Anno Domini 1591. IN all this variety of troubles there was not any more busied the whole thoughts of the Queene then the affayres in Bretaigne and the desire of succouring the distressed King of France Wherefore in the beginning of this yeere sending ouer to him Sir Edmund Yorke who louingly reproued him for his last three months silence she admonished him to enter into consideration how much it stood him vpon to secure the Dutchie of Bretaigne and to contriue some possible meanes to preuent the second comming of the Duke of Parma promising him sufficient assistance to driue out that enemy that had alreadie possessed his Countrey vpon condition that the King would but paralell her forces The French King hauing much extolled the care and loue of the Queene gaue her ampâ—e thankes and larger promises requesting her for some three thousand men for his war in Britaine and some Regiments to be forthwith transported ouer into Picardy nominating Cherburge Glanuile or Brest and â— laweâ— too I know not whether to make a ieast rather than an answer for Ports for retyring for them Hereupon hee gaue full authority to Beavâ—ire No-cle his ordinarie Embassadour in England to couenant for him with the Lord Burghley Treasurer Charles Howard Lord Admirall and the Lord Husdon Chamberlaine Delegates for the Queene whom he brought to these Articles First that three thousand should be sent ouer into Picardy and Britaine reâ—dy furnished Secondly that the King â—hould repay the charges of their transportation their payes and the prices of their furniture and all necessaries at London within a whole yeare or sooner if so bee the enemy should bee remoued sooner out of the Kingdome The Queene
indeed was the more willing to condiscend to these couenants by reason shee had heard that the Spaniard had admission into Paris the greatest city in France and that the Parisians vouchsafed their lawfull King no other title but the King of Bearne acknowledging the Spaniard as their Lord and King who hereupon conceiued no small hope of reducing France vnder his gouernment which conceit he not at all dissembled before Ianine the Leaguers Embassadour then in Spaine Likewise because she vnderstood that Pope Gregory the thirteenth of that name had leuied many forces in Italy and Switzerland vnder the Duke Monâ—martin against the King of France whom hee had already by his Bull excommunicated which Bull notwithstanding the Parliament at Paris and the other at Tours condemned and causing it to be hung vpon a Gibbet by the Hangman set fire to it Hereupon came forth a strict Proclamation in England that no man vpon paine of treason into any parts or places belonging either to the Spaniard or Leaguers should transport corne munition or any kind of traffique And the same also was before set forth by the King of Scots About which time Sir Henry Palmer being sent forth with some few men of warre surprized thirteene of â—heir Ships at their returne from Noua Francia And Sir Roger Williams with some six hundred souldiers passed ouer to Diepe where the enemy lay roauing about hauing expresse Commission to recide in those quarters and Sir Iohn Norris presently after shipt ouer with the rest of the Souldiers into Britaine vnder whom were Sir Henry his brother and Sir Anthony Sherley worthy Commanders These hauing ioyned forces with the Kings and in vaine hauing assaulted Lamballe where that famous Warriour Fr. La-Noue died of a wound tooke Castiliâ—n the vttermost of their glory in it being stretcht to a keeping vnder of the Spaniard and Leaguers not a remouing of them Sir Roger Williams with his forces and Chattre the Gouernour of Diepe hauing broken thorow the inclosures barricadoed with wine vessels at Cinquensanoe scattered all the Leaguers that infested the passage by â—remble-Court and Lounde and vanquished them being rewarded for his valour by a commendatory letter ' from the King to the Queene This remembrance of his commendations wrought him into such a forgetfulnesse of his Commission that he left Diepe accompanied the King to the suburbs of Paris and sent a Challenge to the Spaniards to hazard with him two hundred Pikes and a hundred Musketiers against so many English which being not performed he returned againe to Diepe but scarce had he bin come to it but the King sending speedily for him he posts with his Army presently to Noyon hauing no such warrant in his Commission where being too prodigall of others blood hee exposed many English to great danger in the assault the Queene not knowing of it and thâ—refore being the more angry At that time the French King sent Anthony Reaux to certifie the Queene that hee had resolued to bring Roan and New-Hauen vnder his subiection before the Duke of Parma should set foot into France too farre and to that effect hee craued of her foure thousand English to be sent ouer into Normandy intreating her to giue them pay for two months promising that if they continued a longer time hee would pay them and presently vpon their ariuall come and ioyne his forces with them But that in the meane time he would continue still at Picardy least otherwise those of Roan should haue some inkling of his resolution The Queene who desired nothing more than the remouall of the Enemy from the Sea coasts willingly condiscended so that the couenants were agreed vpon in the same fashion as before onely with this clause that they should bee confirmed and authorized by Act of Parliament within few daies after The number being compleat arriued at Diepe vnder the command of Robert Earle of Essex a worthy young man and in great fauour with the Queene Many Noblemen of note accompanied him amongst whom Thomas Leighton and Henry Killegrew were appointed to be of his counsell The Earle at his ariuall here in France vnderstood that the King was at Noyon hee saw not so much as any preparation for warre neither could any man instruct him what to doe with his forces insomuch that he greatly wondred at the King that hee should so sleightly esteeme of his promise After some small continuance there Sir Roger Williams posteth vnto him intreating him in the name of the King to make all possible speed to Noyon there to conferre about the manner of the war thither when the Earle came the King declared vnto him that of necessity hee must dispatch into Champagne to ioyne forces with the Germanes promising to send to him Marshall Byron and the Duke Montpeâ—sier to besiege Roan Hereupon the Earle returned to his owne forces who had now encamped at Arques where to win the hearts of warlike men hee knighted many thinking to adde courage by this addition of Honour but not without the enuy and anger of many that enioyed that title at home who tooke it ill to see him lauishly prostitute that title of so great credit with the English which the Queene was so thriâ—ty in bestowing euen vpon deseruing men Byron and Montpensier after so long expectation as yet appeare not the one being gone into Champagne to the mariage of the Vicount Turene with the daughter of the Duke of Balloigne and the other hauing turned out of his way to the vnnecessary besieging of Pierre-pont Castle The Queene hauing beene very vrgent by her Leagier Sir Henry Vmpton with the King for the siege of Roan caâ—sed him to send Reaux ouer into England to certifie her the reasons why hee prolonged the siege Shee was likewise very earnest with him for the ratifying of his late Couenants by Act of Parliament but being a long time delayed was at last forced to a content with his bare Confirmation of them All this while lay the Earle of Essex idle although not without discontent of minde who afterwards to satisfie his thirsty minde with some difficult exploit approached Roan where hee lost Sir Walter his brother who was shot through with a bullet the Queene indeed checkt him both for his voyage to the King without her knowledge and for his inconâ—iderate approaching Roâ—â— but hee quickly made his peace with her by a smooth Letter and in the meane time behau'd himselfe brauely in the assault and taking of Goâ—rnay with the Marshall Byrâ—n About which time also the French King sent ouer Beauoir with Letters to the Queene to desire her to let the Earle of Essex passe into Champaigne with his forces as if he had not so much as thought of the besieging of Roan which the Queene tooke so ill at his hands that she began to expostulate with him concerning it obiecting also that now twâ— moneths were expired since the couenant
to the holy and indiuiduall Trinity in the place where was before the Monastery of All-Saints shee enricht the same with the priuiledges of teaching and conferring and bestowing degrees the titles and honour of learning which priuiledges the Bishop of Rome had granted to that City in 1320. thereby hoping to propagate both humanity and religion throughout the whole Iland and to ease well giuen Parents of the great cost and charges of sending their children into forraine Vniuersities At the same time Hugh Odonell whom Sir Iohn Perot Lord Deputy hauing by a trick inticed into a Ship had committed to prison in Dublin for feare lest that being of a turbulent spirit hee should cause some vproares now escaped out of prison againe and by letters to the Lord Deputy now certified him that his father had resigned vnto him the authority of O-dâ—nell that is rule of Tir-Câ—nelâ— whereupon he began a fresh to mutinie in Ireland as Bothwell did in Scotland concerning whom although willingly I would not weaâ—e my selfe into a mixture of the affaires of Scotland yet somewhat must bee spoken especially since they are both so riueted together that the one yeelds light to the others vnderstanding which otherwise would bee clouded in much obscurity Bothwell tâ—erefore whâ— had beeâ—e accused of trading in witchcraft 〈◊〉 had latelâ—â—scaped 〈◊〉 of prison â—eing most outragiously incensed against Metellane the Chancellour whom he suspected the greatest engineer of his accusations altogether applieth himselfe to the bringing vnder of both him and the King himselfe to his power and to that intent towards the end of December he breaketh in vpon the Court which was at Edenborough with some more of his accomplices and English borderers and there assaulted the Queens Chamber with a mallet and the Kings and Chancellors both with fire But his plot being frustrated in successe by the nimble obedience of the Citizens that came in against him hee suffered a repulse and was glad to flie some of his attendants and Pages were thereupon hanged and the Mallet also vpon the Queenes Chamber dooâ—e in remembrance of so bold a villanie THE FIVE and thirtieth Yeere OF HER REIGNE Anno Domini 1592. AT the very entrance in of the next yeere the King by Proclamation declared that Bothwell was the author of this dangerous and ignominious enterprize that he was a fellow so moulded and soadred together with all vices that hauing giuen defiance to vertâ—â— and godlinesse hee durst insult ouer God himselfe much more vpon the authority ordained by God Declaring also how that after his returne from Italy he had associated himselfe with all manner of companies although hee had nothing to doe with them that very villainously he had slaine Dauid Humes â—hicâ— offâ—nce 〈◊〉 his mercy had condoned and pardoned him that he eschewed by all meanes possible to come to tryall for any of his â—normious oâ—â—rages because a Wizard in Italy had foretold him that his destruction would come from the iust iudgement of the King Adding how that this iealous feare of triall greatly increased in him at that time when hee outragiously had slaine William Stewart of Vchiltre the Kings seruant and how that thereupon with all his 〈◊〉 and might with â—is â—loody villaines and compâ—ices 〈…〉 and Spaniard the destruction of both Realmes Then how hee had ranked himselfe to theâ—â— side who aâ— the Riuer 〈◊〉 at the Bridge there 〈…〉 the Court out of some priuate discoâ—ten◠〈…〉 downe their â—rmes He still marched and 〈…〉 his Campe against Edenborough where hee surprized some and from whence he retreated not till such time as he heard the King was in a readinesse 〈◊〉 him Then was declared how after that hee had betooke â—â—â—selfe to diuellish Arts to 〈◊〉 and Witchcraft to 〈◊〉 away the life of his King when he was absent in Denmarke which was onely out of hope of auoiding his desert of punishment and obtaining 〈◊〉 authority 〈…〉 so much feared to wit the Crowne That hereupon 〈…〉 committed to prison from whence euen when hee was 〈◊〉 to be set out vpon some easie conditions his â—onscience so prickt him that by priuate escaping he 〈…〉 courtesie of his â—awfull deliuery And then how to expiate this offâ—nce he had 〈◊〉 another more hainous to wit in assaulting the Court vpon no other resolution but by making away his King to â—ick Iustice vnder feet to dominere in his villany 〈…〉 that he sought out for the King attempted the Kings and Chancellours lodgings by fire and the Queenes with a 〈…〉 â—ntailed vpon his 〈◊〉 bâ—fore-hand who had married the sister of the Earle of Essex and afterwards the Queene confirmed also the same â—hus did the vnbridlâ—d vntowardâ—â—sse of a roauing tongue cause distruction to a worthy man and one that deserued will of the Common-wealth leauing an admonition to all posteritie that reproachfull words against Princes finde a deepe impresion in them and commonly a very sharpe memorie Tâ—e French King whom wee said had pitcht his Campe tâ—e last yeere with the auxiliary forcâ—s of the Earle of Essex at 〈◊〉 there also with his small army wintred The spring 〈◊〉 and â—e wearied with these troubles of his 〈◊〉 siedge and finding himselâ—â— vnable for the taking of so 〈…〉 into the City hee called to him the Earle of Essex and suffered it not for the 〈◊〉 of the Frenchman was such that 〈…〉 it not good to 〈◊〉 a Câ—â—y bee ransack't by the 〈◊〉 which 〈…〉 shortly yeeld iâ— selfe into 〈…〉 The Eaâ—le of Essex being deâ—priâ—ed of any hope of matters to doe after he had challenged Villâ—â—s thâ— Gouernour of the City of Roan to a single combate and hee no◠〈…〉 weather beaten and wâ—â—ne away 〈…〉 tooke his leaue of the 〈◊〉 King and made hast ouer being called by the Queenâ— and aduised by his friends that many enuious men at Court had 〈…〉 and secretly and crafâ—â—ly had set 〈…〉 〈…〉 â—arched vpâ—ards in to Frâ—â—ce with his sonne 〈…〉 as intending to bring aide to those that lay in Garrison in Châ—â—me He tooke Neâ—fve-Chastel and hauing skirmished somewhat fortunately against the King â—t 〈◊〉 hee so encreased the stomackes of those of Roâ—aâ— that bursting forth they inuaded the Kings Campe and got many of his peeces of Ordnance The Duke returnes to Abbeuille as if hee were going home the King indeed thought hee had beene gone home and vpon that dissolues the siege for want of prouision and dismisseth a great part of his Army Vpon that the Duke without any delay embracing his occasion pursues his enterprize againe and hauing made sound the Riuer Sâ—yne for a passage for victuals hee takes 〈◊〉 and reliâ—cues the distressed City with store of pronision hee strengtheneth the Rebels and out of a craâ—ty warlike policy alwaies delaieth battle yet not without great losse and being distempered in body returnes home All which time how valiantly the English behaued themselues in battell when the Army of the Leaguers was vanquished at 〈◊〉 the
King himselfe by letters dated at â—iscara-ville to the Queene sufficiently witnessed extolling Sir Roger Williams likewise as another Câ—sar and Sir Matthew Morgan The French King being ouer-whelm'd with these weighty warres againe flies for aide to the Queene of England desiring proâ—ision for Warre and six thousand men for his war in Britaine She condiscendeth to send foure thousand and some pieces of Ordnance and other furniture vpon condition agreed vpon by 〈…〉 and 〈◊〉 Delegates for the King of France That the King should not enter into a League with the Leaguers vnlesse they had first submitted themselues and promised assistance to driue the Spaniard out of the Kingdome That hee should not also make a peace with the Spaniard except shee were agreeing thereto That he should allot some harbour and reâ—â—ptacle for the English and ioyne to them foure thousand French footmen and a thousand horsemen that within a yeare hee should pay the charges of their transportations and money for their pay and that this agreement should bee registred amongst the Acts of the Chamber of Accounts Vpon this Captaine Norris who had beene sent for out of Britaine into France to certifie the Queene of the proceedings therein was sent backe againe in October When the English had arriued in France there was not any Frenchmen to ioyne forces with them acâ—ording to the agreements But Captaine Norris cal'd from one place to another sometime to warre in Normandie and Lamaine sometimes elsewhere suffering the Spaniards all this while to strengthen themselues in Britaine at which the Queene was so discontented that had shee not for certaine vndâ—rstood that the Duke of Parma was on another expedition into France to supply the forces in Britaine and to seize vpon some other Hauens certainly she had recal'd her men home againe But whilst the Duke of Parma was in a readinesse for this expedition hee died hauing beene Commander of the Spanish forces in the Low Countries fourteene yeeres He was a Prince most abundant in all vertues hauing purchased loâ—e and respect euen amongst his enemies whom euen the Queene neuer named but very honourably and with commendation but â—et so warily that his praises hurted not The Queene being not ignorant that the Spaniard maintained these warres not trusting vpon his owne strength as the gold of America and that by that meanes hee pierced into all secrets of States corrupted good councell and much impaired many mens loyalty determined to send Sir Walter Raâ—leigh with fifteene men of warre into America to seize vpon Panama where they bring together their gold or to surprize the Spanish Fleet but hauing exceeding contrary windes hee was three whole months before he strucke saile At last hauing out reacht the Promontory of Neriâ—â— hee vnderstood of a certaine that the Spaniard had expresly commanded that none set out of America this yeare Not long after a mighty tempest dispersed the English Fleet and drowned their little Fliâ—-boates so that now the opportunity of following his intent being lost being about to returne againe hee distributedd his Nauy into two parts committing the one to Sir Iohn Borrough second sonne to the Lord Borrough and the other to Martin Fourbisher hee giues â—he one charge to â—oaue about the Spanish coast and hinder ships from entring willing the other to tarry at the Ilands of Azâ—râ—s for the returne of the Carackes out of the East Indies Neither did this purpose faile of a wished successe for whilst the Spanish Admirall at sea rests onely in obseruing and watching Fourbisher hee altogether neglecteâ— his care of the Carackes Borrough to omit some small ships hee tooke from the Spaniard and how valiantly hee winded himselfe out of danger when hee was encompassed betweene the Spanish Coasts and the enemies Nauy hauing arriued at a little towne called Santa Cruce in the â—land Flores within a few daies after espied a Portugall Caracke which three of the Earle of Cumberlands ships lay in wait for but by reason of a sluggish calme they could not come neere them a tempest arising in the night compelled both the English and the Portugals to take vp anchor but on the next morning the English might discerne the Portugalâ—s vnlading at the Iland Flores as fast as they could possibly who discrying the English making after them presently set their ship on fire Borrough hauing vnderstood by one or two Captiues whom he had taken that more and greater Carackes were to come that way seuered all his ships to the space of two leagues distance ouer against the Iland Flores and thereby had 〈◊〉 of viewing farre and neare the Coast about him neither did fortune deâ—aine them long in expectation for behold a great Caracke called the Mother of God which was a hundred and sixty foot long and seuen deckes in height laden with rich Merchandise and manned with six hundred men came in their sight The English set vpon her with many peeces of Ordnance in diuers places and with as diuers successe being indeed more couragious than ordinary by reason of the hope of the expected prey but being equally amazed with the hugenesse of it and the multitude of Souldiers in it they began to desist skirmishing till such time that Robert Crosse twharting the fore-Castle of the Caracke with the Queenes ship called the Prouidence maintained skirmish three whole houres together Then the rest fell so fiercely vpon her on euery side especially on the poope that at the sterne no man durst appeare First of all Crosse brake in and borded and after him all the rest where finding a great slaughter committed dead men being mingled with halfe dead and the whole with the wounded so confusedly that pitty moued them to vse their victory mildly The spoile that was brought home was valued at a hundred and fifty thousand pounds of English money besides those commodities which seuerall Commanders Mariners and Souldiers pilfered and snatched for themselues and when there was a strict inquisition made after these men for those goods that were stolne away in this manner vnder pretence that they had not discharg'd the due â—raight for cariage and afterwards when a Proclamation came forth seuerely threatning to punish those as Robbers and Pirates that brought these pilfred commodities not to light againe yet did their wickednesse easily frustrate the busie industry of the Delegates in this matter and the periury of many of them mocking the publike sâ—uerity of the Proclamation preâ—enâ—ed the execution of it for they stucke not to say That they had rather endanger their soules by periury before God that was exceeding mercifull that their whole fortunes and estates before men that were so vnmercifull Not vnlike to this was the treacherous couetousnesse of many Merchants here who to glut their desire of wealth euen in this time of open warre although not proclaimed yet betweene England and Spaine furnished the Spaniard with Ordnance of brasse and iron both wherewith they stored their wants in
hauing professed her loue to all her people first protested that all her care onely watched to this entent that the glory of God and the Common-wealth might be enlarged and that she would spend onely to that end all whatsoeuer they should bestow vpon her After that with her flowing â—loquence quickly and liuely she runnes through how farre she alwaies hath beene from a sâ—â—ggish want of courage how that trusting still to God and the buckler of her good conscience she neuer knew how to feare nay not her greatest and her most potent enemies Lastly to put courage into their hearts she discoursed very accurately of the valour of the English and among other things that euen our enemies themselues could not but acknowledge that the English out of a naturall inbred valour were alwayes prompt to vndergoe any dangers and that they found so much indeed by experience too although they dissembled it that they should yet try it more fully if so be that the English slept not too much in security or be not fallen vpon being vnprouided then concluding with hearty thankes for Subsidie monies she promised to dedicate all her thoughts to God and the good of the Common-wealth And indeed how she performed this promise towards God let the Ecclesiasticall Writers tell what punishment she inflicted vpon Henry Barowe and his Sectaries who by the seed-plot of dangerous opinions condemning the Church of England derogating from the Queenes authority in spirituall matters had not a little distempered the peace of the Church But as concerning her promise towards the good of the Common-wealth certainly she amply also fulfilled that in employing all her greatest care to weaken the strength of the Spaniard to hinder all his proceedings and possibly to remoue his forces out of Britaine And as she did this so likewise bestowed she little lesse care and paines to keepe them from Scotland instly fearing lest that a troublesome confusion of affaires which we haue said was in Scotland might open a doore for the Spaniard to both Kingdomes destruction For she had most certainly vnderstood that the Popish Nobility of Scotland bad by the tricks and plots of the Priests conspired to bring in the Spaniard into Scotland to alter the Religion there and to set vpon England on that side and that one Creicton a Iesuit whom she had lately set at liberty hauing passed his faith that he would neuer combine against the good of England had vnder this pretence passed ouer often into the Low Countries and into Spaine She wisely foresaw that the Comminalty of Scotland especially those in the west parts would be easily corrupted with Spanish gold also she weighed how full of Hauens the Scottish shores were how warlike the Nation it selfe was and how well furnished in Horsemen how easily then they might enter England as at a backe-doore Besides all this considering of what an vnstable loyalty the English themselues were that are neighbours ot Scotland most of them being Papists and euery one desirous of innouations who had their meanes and their hopes in their own hands And lastly that there is alwaies more courage in them that doe oppugne then in them that defend who as it were onely cast dice for their owne lot Wherefore she gaue the King of Scotland to vnderstand these things admonishing him to keepe vnder his Nobility betimes and willing him to exercise his Regall power ouer such seditious persons that hee might not seeme to reigne at their pleasure And truely he did that of his owne accord by instituting seuere Lawes against the Papists and the Abettors of them as in that he punished Dauid Graham Fentrey for being secret to the conspirators as also in that he persecuted the Earles of Anguise Huâ—tlâ—y and Aroll whom he easily scattered a sunder Bothwell in the meane time hauing laine lurking in England collogued with the Queene by his flattering letters promising that if the King of Scotland would but enter him into his fauour againe he would faithfully serue and obey him and much weaken the Spanish faction withall entreating her to intercede with the King for his pardon But the Queene assoone as she vnderstood that the King of Scotland tooke it but very iâ—l that Bothwell had beene entertained here in England she detesting his impious rashnesse that he durst offer violence to his Prince the expresse â—igne and Type of God himselfe and put him into so great feares sent the Lord Borough on an Embassie into Scotland that he might truely informe the King that Bothwell was not harboured here but that he secretly crept in and that she would seuerely punish those that had entertained him withall she incensed the King against the Spanish faction wishing him to procure a new Association of Protestants to keepe himselfe in safety and to defend Religion against all outward seditions with hearts and hands knit together and this was shortly after effected The Lord Borough hauing expected the Kings returne out of the Northerne quarters of Scotland demanded these things in writing from him That he would certifie the Queene of all the Spanish enterprises against England that he heard of That by his iustice he would defend his Regall authority and if that he could not execute iustice vpon the bodies of such Traitours that hee would haue their goods confiscated That he would chause into his Councell men of pure and well-tried trust That all these things he would certifie the Queene of by his owne hand that both she and also all other Princes of the same religion might easily vnderstand with what a prouident care he resisted the enemies thereof Lastly that he would take order for a peace in the Borders of both Kingdomes Adding withall That if these things were done she would not be wanting in any thing as she lately was not in seuerely mulcting those Englishmen that had entertained Bothwell To these things distinctly the King answered that he had certified her of all the machinations of the Spaniard as soone as he found them out that as speedily as hee could hee had persecuted all the Rebels punishing some with losse of goods and others with life That he had appointed Lieutenants in their Dominions and that he would haue all of them banished by act of Parliament and after their banishment their goods should be confiscated That he would admit to Councell onely men of sound iudgment of purity in Religion and loue to their Countrey and that he would witnesse all this to the Queene with his owne hand-writing that he would also take order about the Borderers But then that it was meet that the Queene should furnish him with monyes to bring this to passe both to resist the Spaniard and his owne Rebels that were of great wealth and strength Last of all hee required that She would punish those that fauoured Bothwell and since hee was a fellow of vnexpiable villany detestable before all Princes euen to example that shee would
deliuer him vp to his hands if hee lurk't in England since shee could not chuse but esteeme the fauourers and friends of such an enemy as her owne enemies But notwithstanding when Sir Robert Meluill came and demanded Bothwell and monies also for to pursue the rebellious Papists some monies indeed were sent but as for Bothwell it was answered that hee should bee deliuered vp according to the couenants of the former Treatise or banished out of England Now the reason of this vnexpected answer to the King of Scotland might well bee vnknowne when indeed it was no other but because some Scottishmen in England had enueagled the Queene with conceit that the King of Scotland dealt too fauourably with his popish Nobility Bothwell about the same time hauing beene proclaimed Traitor by the States of Scotland returneth secretly home againe and brought into the Kings Chamber by some of his friends vpon a sudden he fell downe at the Kings feet he little dreaming of any such matter and casting his sword on the ground humbly beg'd for mercy by the importunate intercession of many hee obtained it vpon certaine conditions to wit that hee should depart from the presence of the King that he should appeare personally in iudgment of the case of his dealing with witches that if he be absolu'd and quitted of that he should depart the Kingdome and liue any where where it should please the King Yet for all this the day after hee was quitted from his dealing with Witches he by force drew many of the Kings seruants out of the Court till at length his faction grew so potent in the Court that the King for his owne safeties sake and the peace of the Realme was faine not onely to pardon him and all his Pages and Attendants but also to remooue out of the Court the Chancellour the Treasurer the Lord Humes and George Humes whome he esteemed most loyall vnto him But afterwards within a moneth weighing with himselfe to his great discontent how to the indignity of his Maiesty these things had bin extorted from him against all reason he declared in the next assembly of the Nobility of Scotland that they esteemed no better of him than of a Captiue and euen Bothwel's captiue that hee could no longer suffer a subiect that had now thrise waged was within the walls and chamber of his Prince both to triumph ouer him and his seruants who had so well deserued at his hands And hee easily had it granted by the States that they did approoue him a free Prince to exercise his authority and to chuse his Councellors and other Seruants and Officers according to his owne discretion Hereupon he recals to his Court the Chancellour and the rest againe cancelling whatsoeuer before against his will he had granted to Bothwell Yet notwithstanding by reason of his milde nature hee vouchsafed to pardon him and all his complices all their offences and to restore them to their goods if so bee they supplicantly sought for the same vpon condition that quietly they betake themselues home and approach not to the Court except they bee sent for that Bothwell within a limited and appointed time doe depart into some place beyond Sea and continue in set places so long as it shall please the King Hee makes great alteration in the Court in a short time banisheth Bothwell who thinketh still of worser mischiefe towards the King and Kingdome and to that end lay hid lurking still within the confines of the Kingdome Yet for all this was not Scotland yet at quiet for the Clergy men and Ministers tooke it very hainously that the King persecuted not the Papists with fire and sword against whom they themselues made assemblies and without anthority from the King assembled together the Lords and Burgesses to consultation about it to preuent danger that might fall out to the Common-wealth At this time in Germany there came out in print many libels against Queene Elizabeth calumniating her as if shee had incensed the Turke to warre against all the Christian World the letters came forth also which she had sent to the Turke in many places corrupted altered and changed and many malicious calumnies added and feigned on purpose But the Queene hauing sent a messenger to the Emperour so cleerely washed away these calumnies that forthwith the bookes were called in and the Copies of them burnt at Prague for certainely shee tooke all the paines she could for remoouing the Turke from Christendome and the Emperour acknowledged as much Neither surely had she any thing to doe with the Turke but onely to secure her subiects traffique at Turkie to which purpose she had her agent there at Constantinople as the French Polacke Common-wealth of Venice and others had there he Agent did nothing but helpe the businesse of her Merchants traffique and at their owne charges About this time also Shee procured peace betweene the King of Swedon and Muscouy as also between the Turke Sigismond Bathor Vaiuod of Tranâ—iluania For when as the Turke had trespassed beyond his limited bounds and laid taxes vpon them not only beyond the forme and fashion of their league but euen beyond their strength and ability Sigismond by his Embassadour Stephen Kakaze entreated her earnestly to trie what fauour shee could finde in the Turkes Court and interceed for him that nothing might be exacted beyond the ancient order and that nothing might be detracted from his territories and Dominions Which thing since that euen the good of all Christians was interessed therein she vndertooke and prosecuted according to her mercy wherewith she was wont to succour all her distressed neighbours In lower Britaine in France Norris hauing expected still Marshall D'Aumont and also Espinay of Saint Luke who had promised to ioyne forces spent all the winter the last yeare to no purpose in which time a disease consumed many of the English and the Queene was put to the charges of paying euery weeke three thousand and two hundred pounds of English money Indeed about Aprill next following Espinay came and ioyned his forces whereupon Ravendeers troopes were vanquished at Saint Sulpice Guearch surrendred vp and the forces of the Gouernour of Lauall amongst whom most were slaine quite vanquished wherein also Captaine Randolph Bourley and Christmasse couragious English men were all slaine Marshall D'Aumont not as yet drawing downe towards Britaine neither assigning the English a safe place of retyre as was couenanted for gaue the Queene such iust occasion of discontent that she forth with recalled Sir I Norris home againe notwithstanding that Aumont earnestly â—ollicited the Queene by his letters for more forces from England who had so discourteously entertayned these that were so lately sent before But whilst the Queene onely for Religions sake aydes the French King distrusting his owne strength at so great charges and so great troubles of mind as if â—he esteemed his losse her owne behold a most certaine report flies ouer
into England spreading it out that the French King either had embraced or would shortly embrace the profession of the Romish Religion Hereupon Sir Thomas Wilkes is disspatched into France to know the certainty and if as yet he had not altered his Religion to disswade him by forceable reasons contained in writing But before he came the King had made a publike profession of the Roman Catholike Religion at S. Dennis although notwithstanding euen some Papists at that very time lay in waight for his life The King ingeniously layd open to Wilkes the motiues of his conuersion thus VVHen first said he I was chosen King of France I tooke a solemne oath that at a set time I would be instructed in the Romish Catholike Religion neither was I admitted King vpon any other condition I haue deferred this my instruction in that Religion this full foure yeares neither but against my will I haue now condescended to it The King my Predecessour being taken away I was necessarily to retaine the same Counsellours and Seruants and by their voices being the major part haue things so beene carried that all my consultations against the Leaguers haue beene snatcht vp by them and neuer came to a prosperous successe Those that were Protestants and of my Counsell were seldome or neuer there being more then was needfull intending onely their owne affaires insomuch that I was quite forsaken euen of those in whom I put my confidence and fearing also lest that I might be forsaken by the Papists too I was necessarily glad to subscribe to their determinations and counsels I doe most solemnly protest that assoone as I was called to the Crowne eight hundred Noblemen and nine Regiments of Protestants returned home neither could I detaine them by any reason insomuch that I had not any but euen my houshold seruants of my Bed-chamber The Papists when they saw me forsaken euen of my own side began to domineere a little vrge me to an alteration of my religion saying that Catholikes cannot with a safe conscience obey an Heretike Yet I still prolonging it from day to day so delayed time till that seeing my owne weaknesse who being but relieued with a few supplies from my friends being vnequal to the Popes Spaniards and the Leaguers forces was faine to yeeld especially finding a third faction on foot betweene the Princes of the bloud-Royall the Officers of the Kingdome the Prelates and most of the Nobility who had entred into a consultation with the Gouernours of most Prouinces and Cities of my Kingdome to forsake me vtterly as one of a most hereticall naughtinesse and to share my Prouinces amongst them man by man And when my necessity afforded me no meanes of preuention for this vndertaken counsell I passed my word I would be conformed to the Roman-Catholike Religion They allowed me one or two moneths to conforme my selfe sending to Rome for my Absolution The Leaguers to preuent this made all possible speed to the election of another King many vowed their endeauour to enthrone Guize in my seate vpon condition that the places of Office that they did enioy might be assigned to them for euer and to their Heires Therefore with good deliberation haue I embraced the Romish Religion yet the Prelates refused to admit me into the Church without the aduice of the Pope of Rome till that I hardly perswaded them to admit of my conuersion without any information disputation or debating And by this meanes I haue throughly ioyned to my selfe the third faction preuented the election of Guize purchased the good will of my people and bound the Duke of Tuskany to me perpetually besides I haue saued the Reformed Religion from danger of burning which would necessarily haue followed if that my conuersion had beene brought to passe by Informations Disputations or Debates These things in the meane time Morlant certifieth the Queene of colouring what the King had done with very faire words but she much grieuing at it and discontented in minde hauing snatcht her Pen presently sent him a Letter much after this manner ALas what griefe what flowing sorrow what heauy groanes haue I endured in minde in hearing this newes from Morlant O the faith of men Is this an age could it be that worldly respects should put the feare of God from before thee can we possibly expect an happy end of these things couldst thou imagine that he that hath so long defended thee and preserued thee should now forsake thee certainly it is dangerous to doe ill that good may come thereon Then let some better spirit put thee in a better minde In the meane time I will not cease to commend thee in my prayers to God and earnestly beseech him that the Hands of Esau spoile not the Blessing of Iacob That you doe esteeme so well of our friendship I thinke I haue deserued it at a good rate neither would it haue repented me had you not changed your Father Certainly I cannot hereafter be your Sister by the Fathers-side But I will alwaies loue mine owne Father dearer then a counterfeit one as God himselfe knowes who in his good time bring you to a better path and a sounder iudgement Subscripsit Vostre Seur si ce soit à la vieille mode auec â—ouuelle je n'ay que faire ELIZABETHA R. In this her trouble she onely found ease and solace from the holy Scriptures the writings of holy Fathers often conferences with the Archbishop and euen sometimes out of the Philosophers she drew comfort For certainly I know that at that time she was very conuersant in the Booke of Boëtius and that she then translated it into English Amongst these things Wilkes certified the French King that he was nothing so good as his word in the affaires of Britaine that this lingring of Marshall D' Aumont was very hurtfull to his Mistresse the Queene both in regard of the losse of her Souldiers and the expences of her money and that it was as vnprofitable to him himselfe that the Queene would not encrease the number of her men in Britaine except there were some place of repose allotted for them The King laying the fault altogether vpon the negligence of Marshall D' Aumont promised to heale all such incommodies and prouide a place for the Queenes Souldiers Also hee gaue the Queene to vnderstand these things by Mouie a Gentleman of his Bed-chamber commending health and happinesse vnto her acknowledging that hee is beholding to her for his kingly honour promising withall that assoone as businesses were compassed at home and a truce made that he would march with his Army into Britaine In the meane time there is an agreement made between the Queene and him at Mellun in August vnder their hands and seales in good faith and the word of a Prince that with ioâ—nt forces the shall warre against the Spaniard both with offensiue and defensiue warre as long as hee shall warre against either of them
conditioned men to be his witnesses that he had incensed the Lord Deputy himselfe to his destruction that he had laine in wait for his life and not truely or sincerely to haue deliuered his answers to the Queene And truely the Marshall was altogether beleeued about the Court till such time as the Earle Tir-Oen hauing sent Letters into England proffered to come to his triall either in England or Ireland Yet on the other side certaine it is that the Earle had made a League with the Nobility of Vlster very secâ—etly to defend the Romish Religion for Religion was the onely cloaâ—e time afforded for warre and to shut out the Sheâ—â—ffes and all that lay in Garrison within their Territories to defend mutually their owne Rights and propell the Englishmens iniuries The next after O-Donell that encreased the rebellion was Mac-Guir a Nobleman who was thrust out as farre as Fermanagh for his more easier practise Hee was a man of a troublesome spirit and contentious who much complained that he was too much molested and troubled and vndeseruedly by the Sheriffe of that County Wherefore he rushed out preying on his neighbours grounds he enters Conaught hauing Gaurâ—n a Priest accompanying him whom the Pope had created Primate of Ireland This Gauran still egged him on to try his fortune and trust to the helpe of God assuring him that there could be no doubt of victorie But yet it fell out otherwise for by the valour of Richard Bingham Mac-Guiâ— was put to flight and his Primate and many more slaine Hereupon Mac-Guir breakes out into an open rebellion whom Tir-Oen persuing out of a counterfeit officiousnesse receiued a great wound to the praise both of his valour and loyalty Dowdall an Englishman and a valiant Commander beset tooke Iâ—eskelline neere the Lake Erne which was Mac-guirs best and strongest fortresse wherein he slew most that lay at Garrison in it And at that time were the pure Irishmen first chosen to be Commanders and put into Bands who being alwaies disloyall to the English made most thinke it then most vnprouidently done which truely they all found afterward indeed In the meane time the Earle of Tir-Oen keeping a watchfull eye ouer his owne affaires now began to challenge to himselfe the Title of O-Neale in comparison whereof the very Title of Caesar is base in Ireland by reason that Turlogh Lenigh was newly dead who before bore that Title forgetting his oath and promised faith to the Queene and paine of treason Yet it seemes hee forgot it not but would excuse it that hee onely did challenge it to himselfe to preuent others that likely else would doe so much And at last hee promiseth to renounce and disclaime all his right to it but yet earnestly desires that he be not bound thereto by any oath Presently after that he surpriseth one or two of Shan O-Neales sonnes that either by their own craftâ—nesse or some others conâ—iuence had escaped out of prison fearing leâ—t they might be a hinderance vnto him for he well knew in what esteeme they were amongst their owne and how easily they might bee able to crush all his pâ—ots and practises whatsoeuer Therefore when hee was expresly commanded by the Lord Deputy to set them at liberty hee still refused it onely complaining grieuously of the ill will of the Lord Deputy towards him the treachery of the Marshall and the iniuries of them that lay in Garrison yet he so couertly boâ—â— all this as that as if he had forgotten it all he came and professed obedience vnto the Depâ—ty giâ—ing his faith for security thereof and so in an humble submission returned home againe THE SEVEN and thirtieth Yeere OF HER REIGNE Anno Domini 1594. THe Queene perswaded her selfe that she could easily quench this young and modest rebellion that scarce durst shew it selfe in Ireland if that once she had but weakened a little that apparant and open faction in Scotland Wherefore hauing beene asked her counsell by the King of Scotlâ—â—d what she thought of the Decrees made by the States of Scotland for the preseruation of Religion and the peace of the Kingdome She sendeth Edward Lord Zouch into Scotland that he might confirme the Peeres of the English partie in their obedience and exact greater seuerity against those of the Spanish then that which the Decree ordained Since that it was most certainly confirmed that they had beene at Masse that they harboured Iesuites and Priests that they had sent blancks ouer into Spaine with their hands and seales thereto And â—ince that euen the Spaniard was now in contemplation and very neere practise of inuading England by Land-forces through Scotland which before he could not by Sea with all his inuincible Nauy The King made answer thereunto that he would vse all seuerity against the Papists that the Statutes of the kingdome could allow and that if they being giuen warning to shall not obey he would pursue them till such time that he should bring them into order or driue them out of the kingdome if so be that the Queene whom it concerned as much as himselfe would ioyne with him Zouch being somewhat peremptory in vrging seuere persecution of the Papists for indeed some of the zealous Ministers of Scotland continually suggested to the Queene that the King dealt more fauourably with Papists then either the necessity of the time would or his owne conscience if it were vpright could suffer him to doe the King demanded whether or no he were vnder any bodies authority or whether his Queene would prescribe him a forme of gouernment that was an absolute King But withall protesting that he would strongly defend his Religion and inuiolably preserue peace and amity with the Queene Yet againe somewhat complaining that Bothwell a most troublesome Rebell should be fostered vp in England since that hee so readily had deliuered to the Queenes hand the Irish Rebell O-Rorke that lurked in Scotland But Bothwell it seemes staid not long lurking in England but againe hee bore vp his rebellious Ensignes against his King and hauing entred Scotland with foure hundred Horse of Borderers of Scotland hee came as farre as Leeth without any impediment or resistance and hauing come thither after the Art of rebellion that colours fowlest deeds with fairest pretences he published this in writing SInce that the true Religion towards God the safety of the King the Honour the Iustice thereof the Commonwealth it selfe and that commodious friendship betweene the Kingdomes of Scotland and England were now in the extremity of danger by reason of some pernitious Counsellours who had crept into the Common-wealth who had suffered Masse-Priests to wander from Village to Village who had giuen ostages to the Low Countries and sent for Spaniards ouer to oppresse both the Religion and the Common-wealth and to breake the League with England That therefore he with the Nobility the Lords and Burgesses ioyned with him had determined out of their
feare of God and the loue of their King to pursue these Consulters after an hostile manner till such time that they either willingly submit to come to triall or fly out of the Kingdome And that he made the more haste to the prosecution thereof because the Spaniard was euen vpon arriuing and landing in Scotland Wherefore he humbly entreats the King exâ—orts the Nobility commands the people that forthwith they ioyne armes with him in this so godly iust and so necessary a cause demanding the authority besides of the Magistrate to further the prosecution of this enterprise Concluding that whosoeuer assisted these Counsellers with helpe should be punished with great seuerity To this purpose he sends his Letter to the Synod which at that time was at Dunbarre aâ—d also hee sends it to the English Embassadours for indeed both these were said to fauour his designes and not very obscurely He on the very same day that hee had vnderstood that the Kings forces set forwards from Edinborough which was scarce three miles off parted in two his Troupes and set forth out of Leeth But being vnequall to the Kings forces by reason that very few flockt to him euen since his publike Edict hee being skilfull enough how to eschew danger as mischieuous to intend it seekes all byâ—places and once hauing set on the Kings forces vpon a steepe hill droue them backe hauing taken some few of them but not any man killed Keeping his order he retreats to Dalkeeth and from thence being pricked with the conscience of a Rebell he betakes himselfe to his accustomed lurking-holes in the confines of the Realme But the Queene forbad by Proclamation any man neere the borders of Scotland to entertaine succour or assist him And this was very acceptable to the King who on the other side to shew his desire of requitall assembled his Peeres in Parliament for the banishing of these Popish Earles and Nobles of the Realme The Nobility but few being met yet all refused to giue their voices against them in respect that although it were true that they had sent such Papers into Spaine yet nothing but onely bare coniectures could be gathered from thence what their intents might be Yet for all that the number of the Clergy men and Burgesses making a plurality of Voices they were all banished the Realme Their Coats of Armes and Badges of Gentility according to the custome of Scotland were broake and cast out of the windowes of the Towne-house and their banishment publikely proclaimed by a Herald Afterwards the Earle of Aâ—gile was sent out with forces against those Earles but hauing receiued of them an ouerthrow in a set battaile at Genliuet the King himselfe after many tedious and difficult iourneies comes thither and there suffereth the Eaâ—le Huntlies Houses at Strathbolgie Slanie and Newton to be quite demolished Shortly he brought the Earles to that passe that Huntley first withdrew himselfe to his Aunt the Countesse of Sutherland and afterwards was compelled to bee gone into France and the rest to change their soile And so it came to passe that the mutuall good will that was betwixt the Queene and the King of Scotland his setled constancy in Religion which could neuer be battered by the meanes the prayers the promises or the subtill practises of the Papists the seuere lawes against the Iesuites and men of that faction the punishment maturely inflicted on Graham Fentree one of the fauourers of the Spanish party the supreame authority in spirituall matters conferred vpon the Prince by Parliament and their mutuall endeauours against the growth of Papistry all these I say did so shake the very hopes of restoring Romish Religion in England and in Scotland which the Iesuites had long conceiued that some of them began to deuise new plots and to try since they could not immediately estate their Religion in its former honour if they â—â—uld at last estate some Professour of the Religion in the â—â—rone of England which so might both countenance and protect it But when the disagreeing multitude of them could not meet vpon one person fit to their purpose a great while at last they reflected vpon the Earle of Essex in whom although he were no Romish Catholike yet they expected a well-qualified temper of Religion because his clemency draue him to a perswasion that in case of Religion men should not suffer death The right of inheritance which they â—eigned for him was drawne from Thomas of Woodstock the Son of Edward the 3 from whom hee descended But the runnagates and fugitiues stood hardly for the Infanta of Spaine although they feared that the Queene and the Court of Parliament would preuent that by making euery one take the oath of Allegiance Not long after came a booke out dedicated to the Earle of Essex vnder the belyed name of Dolman but not without the notable malice of Parsons the Iesuite against this Dolman a Priest but of a milder disposition if I may beleeue the Priests for the Authors of that booke were Parsons a maine enemy to Dolman Cardinall Allan and Francis Inglefield In this booke â—etting at nought the right of Birth they only discourse of changing the Lawes of the Realme allowing hereditary succession in the Kingdome of England of bringing in a new manner of election and lastly that no man should be admitted King of what neernesse in bloud soeuer he were of except he were a Roman Catholike In the same they most contumeliously traduce most of the Kings of England that many were not Legitimate or at least vncapable of the gouernment of the Kingdome Besides they teare to pieces the most certaine Right of the King of Scotland and seeke to deriue the Right of succession vpon the Infanta of Spaine because she was a Roman Catholike But oh I am amazed to say how falsly it was affirmed by such as they were since the lips of the Priests should preserue knowledge and since they should stand hauing their loynes girt with truth The colours that they vsed for her right were many First Because she as the Booke saith descended from Constance the Daughter of William the Conquerour from whom she drawes her pedigree This Constance was wife to Alane Fergant Earle of Britaine yet notwithstanding Gulielmus Gemeticensis one that liued about that time in his last Booke beareth witnesse that this Constance died without any Issue and so say all our Chroniclers of Britaine with one accord Secondly Because she drawes her parentage from Elenor the first-borne of King Henry the second married to Aâ—phonsus the ninth King of Castile But that not Eleâ—or but Matilda wife to Hâ—nry Leo Duke of Saxony the Mother of Otho the fourth Emperour was the first-borne to the said Henry Pope Innocent the third will giue vs to vnderstand as it is in Mathew Paris pag. 381. whom also Robert Abbaâ— de Monte Michaelis who was her Godfather writes to haue beene borne in the yeare 1162. Thirdly Because she descends
opinion and almost now inbred in them that Princes that were excommunicated were to be rooted out and the Spaniard on the other side out of an inbred hate which they bare alwaies against her But she neuer fearing but of a manlike vertue and wary carefulnes relying vpon God contemned all these trecheries and treasons and euer and anon would call to minde the words of the Kingly Psalme-writer Thou art my God my times are in thy hand And as she was carefull for her owne safety so she was diligent in others too for she informed Ernest Arch-Duke of Austria Gouernour of the Prouinces vnder the Spaniard in the Low Couâ—tries that the like treacheries were also laid by Ibarra and other seruants of the Spaniard and runnagate English intreating him besides to signifie to the Spaniard that he would blot out the very thought of this wickednesse from any way appertaining to him by punishing his seruants that stroue to attempt the same and by giuing vp into her hands againe the English Architects and chiefe compilers of this wickednes to wit Hugh Owen Tho. Throcmorton Holcot a Iesuite Giffard Worthington Diuines lest that otherwise hee but deceiue the good estimation and honour which hee hath among the people whilest hee shall nourish with him such wicked creatures And lest that hee might require also Don Antonio Perez of late Secretary to the Spaniard who had now flowne by reason of vproares he raised in Arragon and lurked in England She protested that hee was sent by the French King into England to his Embassadour against her knowledge and that she neither did or euer would relieue him either with her pension or protection And certaine it is that neither she nor Burghley Lord Treasureâ— would so much as speake with him that against his oath had reuealed the secrets of his Prince yet indeed the Earle of Essex gaue him entertainment and supplied him with great cost making vse of him as an Oracle that was so well skilled in the secrets of the Spanish Court and that was a man of an excellent wit and wisedome who notwithstanding as most commonly such king of men alwaies are was so tossed vp and down by fortune that he bestowed vpon his Picture nothing but this Motto THE MONSTER OF FORTVNE And now by this time in France that boisterous fury of conspiracy that had ranged through France eight yeares a little more or lesse began to cease a little For when as the King by his forces had much much empaired the strength of the Leaguers seuered their forces by his sleights which he vsed and the last yeare hauing embraced the Roman Religion had his Inauguration solemnized the beginning of this yeare many of the Nobility being reconciled by great promises againe returned to a dutie to him Others would not but vpon condition that they alwaies might enioy those offices which now they possessed for them and their heires according to the courtesie of Hugh Capet King of France who to get the good wills of all his Nobility gaue their offices hereditarily to them and their heires Now many of the rebellious Cities were yeelded vp and many sodainly seazed on Paris it selfe the King being priuily called in yeelds to him with the great ioy of the Citizens and hence was the break-necke of the Spaniards hope of ioyning to them the French Kingdome by the marriage of the Infanta with the Duke of Guise for now they themselues were glad to depart out bagge and baggage and not without foule scoffes from the French that now had learned a little more wit But when those Spaniards which had beene called in by the Duke of Merceur into Britaine continued still in their resolutions and strengthened the Sea-coasts the better to maintaine their possession Captaine Norris that had beene sent for ouer to enforme the Queene of the affaires of Britaine was sent backe again with Commission that he should assault the Spanish Fort at Crodon neere to the Hauen Brest and he arriued at Pimpole with a new Band of men on the Kalends of September At which time Marshall D'Aumont and Thomas Baskeruile that in the absence of Norris commanded the English forces besieged Morlay and vpon the returne of Captaine Norris had it yeelded to them Yet for all that although it were before agreed by the French Embassadour in England that if it were taken it should serue for a retyring place to the English Marshall D'Aumont to preuent that made it one of the Articles of their yeelding that none but Roman Catholikes should be admitted into the Towne After that the Marshall and Norris hauing taken also Quinpercorentine both French and English set forward to the Spaniards Fort at Crodon on the Kalends of Nouember and there Martin Furbisher expected them in the Bay with ten English men of warre This Fort on two sides is washed round with the water and on the Land side there are two great Fortresses betweene which there runnes a wall that is full seuen and thirty foot broad Within is a very thicke Countermure and Rockes defend the Fortresses vpon the â—ide whereon there are placed peeces of Ordnance The English and French men heape vp Bulwarkes and entrench there where the Fortresse lookes towards the Land The Spaniards rusht out once vpon them to hinder their proceedings but they quickly retreated in againe there Anthony Wingfield Serieant Major of the English forces a famous old Souldier hauing made his Will but the day before being shot cleane through died vpon it Vpon the 23. day of the moneth 700. shot from their Ordnance made a small gap in the wall and threw downe their Inclosures against the wall which Lister an Englishman presently seazed vpon But when the valour in the cheerefull assaulter was not greater then the firme resolution of the stubborne Defendants there were many slaine Bruder Iackson and Barker Commanders of great note many wounded and many dangerously blowne vp with wild-fire There were many in England that accused Norris for being too prodigall of the English bloud in hazarding it euen rashly vpon all dangerous occasions Surely the Queene oâ—t of her inbred mercy and fauour commanded him by her Letters that hee should more regard the safety of her Souldiers then his honour That in these assisting warres he should not put them vpon certaine destruction that he should not prodigally waste mans bloud that the forward boldnesse of some hot spirits is rather to be kept vnder then to be cast vpon apparant danger then should his wisedome be thought lesse wanting by many men then should not his vnmercifulnesse be condemned by all but both his and the Queenes loue of the English bloud be sufficiently praised But these Letters came too late The Siege growing hot it seemed good to D'Aumont and Norris to vndermine the Easterne part of the Fortresse where the French men had beene dealing and that succeeded happily for they made a gap in the wall big enough
who 〈◊〉 â—â—â—â—â—ght the rest was adiudged to be burnt but the mercy of the Queene outâ— stript the seuerity of iustice and her life was saued On the otherside Marshall Bagnall hauing beene sent by the Deputy did raise the siege laid by Mac-Guir and Mac-Mahon at Monaghan Castle and he placed there a new band of Souldiers The Lord Deputy hauing diuers times â—ought to haue Tir-Oen whom he lately dismissed come againe vnto him although he sent most courteously for him yet he could by no meanes induce him to it For first he made as if he stood in feare of the Marshall that came on the errand and afterwards much vnmindfull of his dutie hee began proudly to talke of truce and peace which indeed a King doth not willingly heare of from the mouth of his Subiect insomuch that men exceedingly meruailed to see how much hee was changed and altered from that humblenesse wherein he lately submitted himselfe to the same Lord Deputy THE EIGHT and thirtieth Yeere OF HER REIGNE Anno Domini 1595. ANd now both the Queene and all England with her greatly reioyced to heare of the well approued good will of the King of Scotland and his earnest desire and endeauour to keepe Peace For he newly set forth a Proclamation whereby he commanded that there should be a Mustering throughout all Scotland to resist the Spaniard whom he heard had prouided a great Nauy for the destruction of all Britaine And that they might with greater ease and better successe resist him he exhorted his especially that aboue all things they lay aside their priuate enmities and discords and bend themselues to the publike good of the Commonwealth Hee seuerely commands the Borderers some whereof hauing beene baited and taken with Spanish gold had burst out into England preying all about on purpose to breake the League betweene England and Scotland not onely that they shew themselues not as enemies in any occasion but moreouer that with all their endeauours they preserue the frienship which the neare kindred betweene both Princes the profession of the same Religion and the likenesse both of Language and Manners had vnited and conioyned The Queene sets forth her Proclamation euen to the same purpose And when any iniuries were offered on either side it was agreed vpon that there should be Delegates on both sides to know the matter that both Iustice and Peace might be still preserued In the second moneth of this yeare Edmund Yorke Nephew to him that betrayed the Fort at Zutphen and Richard Williams who had beene apprehended the last yeare as we said now suffered at Tyburne for Treason Yorke confessed that Holt a Iesuite Hugh Owen Iames de Francesco and others proffered him an Assignement of 40000. Crownes that was sealed by Ibarra the Spaniards hand if he himselfe would either kill the Queene or assist Richard Williams in the fact That this Assignement lay in Deposito in custody to be deliuered vp by Holt hauing kist the holy Hoast and swore to deliuer vp the monies assoone as the murther was committed that withall he bound both Yorke and Williams to commit it by receiuing the Sacrament and confirmed it with their oaths taken Certainly notable was the villany of these times when sometimes these English runnagates would excite murtherers and sometimes villaines thirsting after gaine would proffer themselues to commit that murther and being once hired with mony would beâ—ray it Some vnfaithfull to themselues as if they were about some other matter would bring the rest to destruction being indeed so intangled with mutuall deceits that sometimes they were faine to burthen others with false lies to make their owne storie good The King of France by this time had resolued to denounce warre against the Spaniard by reason that hee had imployed all his endeauors to translate the Scepter of France and had stirred such dolefull commotions in France This thing hee certifies the Queene by Letters of withall entreating her to aduise him how they might follow the warre against him complaining that the recalling of the English out of Britaine was very hurtfull to him and would be very commodious to his enemies The Queene much commending his resolution of denouncing warre against the Spaniard wishing him all happinesse in the prosecution of it withall certifying that she had so openly waâ—â—ed against the Spaniard both by Land and Sea and that also in the Low Countries Spaine Portugall and America that the whole world may beare record of it And if so be that hee would doe as much too by offensiue warre which he had already done by defensiue the Spaniard could not be able to hurt either of them Answering also that the English were necessarily recalled from Britaine because the rebellion grew very thicke in Ireland besides that the English were to tarry there no longer according to the couenant because the Spaniards were then remoued from the Fortressâ— at Brest then complayning that they were very ill vsed that the ayd that was promised neuer came to ioyne and that Morlay which was promised to be a retyring place for them was not giuen them to that purpose Assoone as the Spaniard and the French King had sounded the Alarme for warre a dolefull warre raged about the Dutchy of Luxenburgh and Picardy Castelet and Dourlans were taken by the Spaniard and Cambray by him besieged Cheualiere of the Kings Counsell being sent ouer into England demands auxiliary forces to be sent ouer into Picardy within 15. dayes after the date of the Letter when as hee himselfe had spent 12. of them in his iourney and had left but three dayes to muster them and transport them Yet without delay there were forces mustered which should be sent ouer if need were to Calis Bulloigâ—e Diepe and the Sea coasts and this the Queene certified the King of France of by Sir Roger Williams and the Gouernours of these forenamed Townes But when those of the Kings Councell in England vehemently vrged that some Subsidie or aydâ— might be sent ouer to rescue and succour the French there was no definitiue answer made because they neither mentioned what number they would haue not to what end And now flew a rumour about not secretly stealing from mouth to eare but openly and by the tongue of all the parts of Britaine that the Spaniard had put from shoare with a mightier Armie then that he had before with intent to inuade England Hereupon round about the Sea coasts there was a Muster made of choyce men that should lye at watch and ward vpon the shoare and also two Nauies furnished one to goe against them in the British Ocean and the other for America vnder Hawkins and Drake Euery man prouided himselfe and buckled against the warre most complaining that so many valiant men that might now haue done their own Country good seruice and also that so much mony had bin lost in France for the expedition for Brest by Sea stood the
Queene in about Forty seuen thousand two hundred forty and three Crownes of the Sunne and her charges in sending ouer forces vnder the Earle of Essex Two hundred thousand sixe hundred and forty more both women and men mourning that their Sonnes and Brothers were slaine before and not reserued for to lose their liues in the defence of their owne Country About this time Lomené flies ouer into England and although he dissembled not the taking of Cambray yet he lies hard at the Queenes mercy to send ouer more auxiliary forces into Picardy and afterwards would that there should be Delegates chosen to treate about the manner of the warre Which when it seemed somewhat preposterous both to the Queene and her Councell he being impatient of the very shew of a deniall imputed to the Queene the losse of Cambray obiecting also that she delighted in the miseries of his King and would bring him to a peace with the Spaniard assoone as possibly he could She forthwith answered him presently and the King in her Letters by Sir Thomas Edmonds who then supplyed the place of an Embassadour that she tooke it very sorrowfully that Cambray was lost but yet more sorrowfully that Lomené should impute the losse thereof to her because her assistance was not as ready as their expectation and necessity Demonstrating that the narrow streights of the limited time could not produce those â—orces and that it was no wisdome the French hauing beene once or twise vanquished to cast her Souldiers vpon the triumphing cruelty of the Spaniard leâ—t that while she should so much esteeme his misery she might be compelled to relieue it with the losse of the liues of many of her Subiects and the loue of the rest Yet that she was so farre from reioycing at his vnfortunate misery or driuing him to a peace with their common enemy that neither he himselfe nor any man else without the preiudice of his discretion could light vpon any suspition especially if so be he would but recall to his memory the good Offices wherewith she honoured him the sacred bond of their friendship She promised all aid though not such as his desire yet such as her necessity could affoord confessing that both their fortunes were hazarded vpon one chance That none should need to require helpe from her against the Spaniard who since such time that hee put on hatred against England and vpon no other ground then because his enuy should encrease on the one â—ide as fast as her mercy did on the other in relieuing the distresses of her Neighbours neuer ceased either by Sea or Land to infringe the greatnesse of his power or to bend it from it's proper and assigned obiect euen that now all her thoughts haue beene euen bespoken to be employed against him and his Nauy and that therefore her excuse for not aiding him presently stood warrantable in Iustice vnlesse that she should vncloath her own Dominions of forces to furnish her Neighbours And by reason that she had heard it whispered into a common talke by the French as that she doubted of the Kings constancy in his friendship or beheld his prosperous succeeding with the eie of enuy or sorrow she protested that as such thoughts should be vnworthy of the brest of a Prince so were they of hers and were neuer harboured there Besides this she willed Edmonds to inculcate daily into the Kings memory that it is the part of a King sometimes euen to thwart the resolution of his priuate brest to giue some publike satisfaction to the desires of the people because the goodwill of the people is the rocke of the Princes safety And that since he himselfe had wisely done so for the preseruation of the loue of his people he could not value her good will by her outward performance which she abstained from for the loue she bare to her people to whose duty loue obedience and valour she accounted no ordinary blessing of God Their valour France it selfe could well testifie where many to get credit renowne lost their liues more would haue lost them there but that the dolefull cries of Mothers the grones of Kindreds and the lamentations of young children mourning the losse of their Fathers before they knew them had interceded a little for them and but that the affaires of warre at home or at least great rumour of warre had reprieued them to a longer time of execution That if the King would weigh these things in an vnpartiall iudgement she did not doubt but he would be sufficiently contented with this her answer that he would stop vp the eares of those that for the furtherance of the greater good of the common enemy had occupied all their endeauours to vnbinde their Peace That this is the principall endeauour of many that by their ill Offices they might rob the Prince of the good will of his Subiects and the hearts of his couragious Commons But on the other side the miseries of France multiplying as contiâ—ually as their warres many men incited the King to enter into a League with the Spaniard Perswasions were drawne from the actions of the Queene of England who they said did nothing but feed his eares with empty promises Some on the other side againe busied all their inuentions to deterre him from it especially Catharine of Nauarre Sister to the King the D. of Bulloigne Vmpton the Leager there obiecting incontineÌ„tly that his hope of Peace with the Spaniard would relie but vpon weake grounds if he should consider how long the Spaniard had deâ—ained from him Nauarre his Grandfathers Kingdome how he had molested all France and quartered it out into his owne possessions how he challenged little Britaine as the inheritance of his Daughter and how he hired a faigned Right for her to England against the King of Scots in Bookes set forth to that purpose insomuch that he seemes by the vertue of his vast conceipt to haue swallowed vp vnder his owne gouernment the huge Monarchy of all Europe When the King began to shut his eares against so forceable perswasions the Queene began in her minde much to question his promise and doubt of performance but more especially when she vnderstood out of the Colledge of Cardinalls that the Pope of Rome had entred him into a blessing of the Church vpon these conditions and these words HE shall abiure all heresies he shall professe the Catholique faith in that forme that shall be â—ere done by his Embassadours Hee shall bring in the profession of it to the Principality of Bearne and shall nominate all Catholike Magistrates in that Prouince He shall vndertake within a yeare to bring the Prince of Conde out of the hands of Heretiks and shall see him well instructed and grounded in the Catholike faith Hee shall cause the Decrees of the Councell of Trent to be published and receiued throughout all the Kingdome of France In all Churches and Monasteries hee shall nominate
them at their comming home and gaue peculiar thankes to euery particular man of any note but especially to the Earle of Essex and the Admirall whom she highly magnified with her eminent prayses When she had called to minde whome of these braue Souldiers she should make Gouernour of the Hauen of Brill which lay as a caution with her for the payment of the States money for the Lord Sheffeld had voluntarily resigned ouer his place Sr. Francis Vere Colonell of the English vnder the States seemed worthiest thereof And although many of the Nobility stood for the same nay although Essex himselfe opposed him and most of the Nobility thought the place more worthy of some nobler man The Queene that well knew his descent for hee was Nephew to Iohn Vere the fifteenth Earle of Oxford and besides found his valour and loyalty so well approued in that hee had vanquished the Spaniard at Rheinberg that hee had taken the Castles of Littenhouen and Buric and that he had recouered the Fort at Zutphen after due deliberation not onely preferred him in the election before the rest but withall gaue him leaue to keepe his place still amongst the States which many others much desired although she could confesse it was not very fitting to make one Gouernour of a Towne of the States that was pawned to her for the paiment of her money who besides was but an hyreling to the States for his pay This the Earle of Essex who had commended many to the Queene tooke heinously nay very vntowardly not hiding his anger from the simplest iudgements but worst of all when in his absence Sr. Robert Cecill was made Secretary to which office hee had before ordained Sr. Thomas Bodley by reason of his well-tried wisedome in the Low Country affaires and to the purpose had so highly extolled him to the Queene as one most fitting and bitingly calumniated Cecill with odious comparisons In the meane time the Spaniard to repaire the lost glory of Cadiz and to heale those incommodities which since that time daily grew vpon him rigging vp all ships he possibly could furnisheth his Nauy at Lisbone hee furnisheth himselfe with all the forreine ships that lay in the Hauen hee mustereth vp his Forces at Faroll from whence they were to saile into England and Ireland but in their voyage as report hath giuen vs to vnderstand a great tempest arising most of their ships either shipwrackt vpon the rockes or were suncke by the billowes insomuch that the loyall aire seemed to fight in the defence of England and her Queene for she heard of their destruction sooner then their expedition But for all that she fortifies her Castles and Forts by the Sea side at Sandford Portland Hurst Southsey Calshot S. Andrewes and S. Maudite and furnishâ—th them with munition And that her friendship and League with the French against the Spaniard might grow stronger shee strengthened it with these additions ALL former Treaties and confederacies shall be confirmed and continue in their force and vertue vnlesse there whereby they derogate from this present Treatie To this League shall all Princes and States be inuited whom it concernes to be carefull of the Spaniards practise Assone as possibly can be an Army shall be mustered to inuade the Spaniards Neither the K. of France or the Queene of England shall haue any treatise with the Spaniard without both's consent because the Spaniard now besets the Dominions of France that are neerest to the Low Countries the Queene shall send 4000. foot who shall serue the King of France six moneths this yeare in any place that shall not be aboue fiftie miles from Bononia by the Sea side In the next yeare following also if the affaires of England can spare them they shall serue the King as long wherein they shall stand to the assertion and conscience of the Queene When the Irish sedition shall be alayd the King shall stand to the good will of the Queene to haue 4000. sent ouer to him The English shall be vnder the French Kings pay from the time of their arriuall to the time of their departure The Queene shall from time to time supply the want of that number That the Pay-masters shall be the Queenes Seruants and her money euery moneth for which the King shall be bound within six moneths fully for to satisfie her hauing resigned ouer foure Townes If that the King shall stand in need of greater Forces the Queene shal muster them in England and the King shall pay them out of his owne moneyes The English that shall serue the King shall be subiect to the Kings officers and punished by them yet so that the English Captaines also be called by the said officers and sit with them in iudgement If the Queene chance to be inuaded and shall demand aide from the King he within two moneths shall muster vp 4000. foot and send them ouer into England at his owne charges and they shall not be drawen further then fifty miles from the shore and the Queene shall pay them from the time of their arriuall in England The said French Souldiers shall be subiect to the Queenes officers after the aforesaid manner the King shall also continually supply the number The one shall furnish the other with all kind of warlike prouision so long as it preiudiceth not the State The Merchants shall mutually defend each other in either Kingdome The King shall not suffer the English to be troubled in cause of Religion the paiments of the Captaines and Souldiers shall be set downe in a little roll And shortly after there was another Treatie wherein it was agreed that in this yeare onely 2000. English should be sent ouer which serue onely at Bononia and Monstrell vnlesse it chanced that the King was personally present in Picardy c. To the performance of these Couenants the Queene took her oath in the Chappell at Greenewich the 29. of Aâ—gust deliuering them to the hands of Henry de la Tour Duke of Bulloigne Viscount Turene and the Marshall of France the Bishop of Chichester giuing to her the holy Testament and many Noble men encircling her round about In September next William Talbot Earle of Shrewesbury is sent ouer into France vpon an Embassie that the King might make the like oath to him in the roome of the Queene that he might present Anthony Mildmay in the place of Leager in France by reason of the death of Henry Vmpton late Leager there that he might inuest the King with the Order of St. George and shortly after Sir Thomas Baskeruâ—â—e passeth ouer with 2000. foot into Picardy according to their last Couenants Amongst these warlike affaires that some what disquieted the peace of the Land there was also a base sort of people that hauing taken vpon them the authority and badges of the Queens Apparitors wandred vp downe England with falsified Commissions the hands of the Counsell other Delegates in
Ecclesiastical causes searching out all poore widows and Papists houses They took away almost by way of robbery al Vessels Chains Iewels or any thing that bare vpon it the picture of Christ or any of the Saints They seuerely exacted the allowance by the way due to Apparitors and cousened many poore silly fearefull people of their money that they might not appeare before the Magistrates Some of these being taken were compelled to restore againe what they had thus robbed men of and were set in the Pillory their eares clipped off and branded in the forehead as cheaters and couseners Yet for all this this seuerity could not keepe vnder this villany that had spred abroad vntill publique notice came that Apparitors should not demand their Viaticum before those that were cited did appeare and the Apparitors also with them before the Magistrate If that many were cited by the same Commission vpon one and the same day the Apparitors were also to be present If that any man that was cited suspected his Apparitor hee might warne him before the next Iustice of Peace to be examined that it may be knowne whether he be one or no. They who were cited vnder paine of excommunication were not to bribe the Apparitor that they might not appeare Also that the Apparitors take no such bribe vnlesse they would lose their places be imprisoned and lyable to seuere punishments This yeare returned Thomas Arundell of Wadour whom the Emperour created Earle of the Holy Empire and all and euery one of his Heires his Posterity and those that shall descend from him lawfully begotten of either sex Earles and Countesses of the Holy Empire for because the Queene in her Letters had commended him as her kinsman and because he had deserued so great an honour in his braue behauiour in the Hungary warre against the Turke This title whosoeuer is master of are said to enioy by vertue thereof these priuiledges that in all Imperiall Diets they haue both place and voyce they may purchase Land in the Empire they may muster vp Voluntaries and need not to appeare being cited to iudgement but onely in the Imperiall Chamber When he after his returne grew somewhat famous among the common people by reason of this Title there arose vpon it a question presently whether a Subiect ought to admit of any such Honour or Title from a forrâ—ine Prince his owne Prince being not acquainted with it There were indeed those that thought that such rewards for valour were to be allowed of from what Prince soeuer they were bestowed by reason that vertue growes lanke without her rewards of merit vrging the example of Henry the third King of England who very thankfully acknowledged Reginald Mohune made Earle of Somerset by the Apostolike authority of the Bishop of â—ome Also of Henry the eight who did so congratulate Robert Curson whom Maximilian the first Emperour had created Lord of the Holy Empire for his warlike valour that he reckoned him amongst his Lords of England and allowed him an annuall pension for the better maintenance of his dignity Besides they vrged some braue Scottish Souldiers as of Archibald Duglasse of Wigtone who receiued the Title of Duke of Tours from the French King and of Iohn Steward who was by the King of France made Earle D' Euereux that the Scottish kings esteemed this as an honour to the Nation But the Lords of England imagining that this would bereaue them and their Heires of some of their prerogatiues if so be they and their Heires were to giue place to such an vpstart Lord and his Heires for euer argued against it thus that such Titles of honour are neither to be receiued by the Subiect nor to be allowed of by the Prince That it is the property of the Prince for to conferre honours vpon his owne Subiects and not for any Forreiner to doe it according to the words of Valerian the Emperour LEt that be onely an Honour which is bestowed by our command Vrging that there is a great detraction both from the Maiesty of the Prince and the dutie of the Subiect if they may be tolerated to receiue Dignities from Forreiners For there must needs be a secret allegiance betweene him that is honoured and the party honouring That these kinde of Titles are nothing else but a cunning sleight to prefer men out of the obedience to their Prince to any strange Forreiner That there may be an action of theft against him that shall brand another mans sheepe with his marke Also that there may be an action of cousenage and deceit against him that shall spread abroad fodder to entice another mans sheep into his flocke And although mighty Princes are not bound to these Lawes yet are they by the equity of these Lawes and the Law of Nature As in the Citie and Common-wealth of Rome no man could be a Citizen of that and any other City whereupon Poâ—peius Atticâ—â— refused to be reckoned as a Citizen of Athens lest he should lose his right in the Citie of Rome So in the Common-wealth both of Venice and Genua whosoeuer receiue a Spirituall diginity from the Pope or any Temporall one from any forreine or strange Prince is held suspected of his Loialty and suspended from the vndertaking of any office publike Concerning the obiections they answered that indeed it might come to passe that Henry the third out of his simplicity and the times iniquity might allow of Reginald Mohune thrust into an Earledome by the Pope when as his Father hauing beene excommunicated and threatned depriuation was compelled to acknowledge himself the tributary King of the Pope of Rome and yet it appeareth vpon Acts and Records of those times that Mohune was not accounted as Earle of Somerset Concerning Henry the eight they made answer that he therefore accounted Curson as one of his Lords that he might obscure that shadowy title of Lord of the Holy Empire but withall obseruing that hee allowed him no voyce in Parliament But as for the Scots that it was no wonder if they receiued and allowed of honour from the French when they shew themselues to bee vnder the tuition of the French Floure-de-luce by their Kings armes and the Floure-de-luce therein Many indeed esteemed an Earle of the sacred Empire of no better ranke then a publike Notary as they esteemed all the Counts and Viscounts of the Holy Palace at Lateran created by the Pope or the Kings Physitians Lawyers Grammarians or Rhetoricians who hauing professed 20. yeares boasted themselues with the title of Count Palatines but we know that the Count Palatine is an honoured title and hath Princely iurisdiction in it's owne courts in Fees and fading heredities THe Queenes censure was that as a woman should not follow any man but her husband so a Subiect should not receiue any thing but from his owne Prince I would not sheepe my should be branded with anothers marke neither would I haue them to
Indian Caracke comming with full saile which when by reason of shot out of a Hollander she perceiued her enemies were neere about her violently put on shore where hauing vnladen very rich Merchandise and taken fire instead thereof she burnt two dayes Thus enuious fortune in this voyage thwarted the English designes And although chances fall no where more then at Sea yet these errours in them seemed to be willingly committed and the frustrated enterprizes proceeded from the enuious emulation whereby one would striue to steale credit from the other On the ninth of October wherein the Sea was very full of daily tempests Essex hauing giuen notice commanded that they should waigh anchor and turne home all for England But within a day or two after there arose a great tempest out of the North which scattered all the ships vpon the Sea euen the Spanish Nauie with all her prouision against England that lay at Feroll but so that neither the English nor Spanish Nauie euer came in sight of one another Not one of the English Nauie perished in this tempest but many of the Spanish as they reâ—ort one of them tumbled and tossed from place to place by the tempest at last was driuen vpon Dartmouth the Souldiers and Marriners almost starued with hunger These informed vs that the Spaniard had 〈◊〉 to sâ—aze vpon some Port in Cornwall whose scituation might be fittest for receiuing aide from Spaine that thereby they thought to keepe the English from warre as also to hinder their voyages into the East Indies and Spaine it selfe But so did the diuine powers that decide such controuersies of warre part the fierce quarrels betweene both Naâ—ions that for this time both their expectations were very much frustrated At length towards the end of October came Essex home safe to England but his ships very weary and weather-beaten but with a spoile of sufficient value Then concerning this Voyage many men seuerally spent their opinions some out of loue to Essex some out of ill will to Rawleigh and the loue of the Queene whereof both of them were very well experienced by a strange effect encreased the ill will of the people towards the one which indeed a sinister opinion of his impiety much encreased and the loue of them towards the other by reason of his affablenesâ—e and the great conceipt of vertue and valour that was in him Certainly none could finde a want either of valour in danger or of wisedome in consultations in either of them but happy successes to either none could assure himselfe of since they depend vpon the prouidence of the Almighty But certainly the enmity betweene Rawleigh and Essex euery day grew vp higher whilest one cast the misfortunes of the voyage vpon the others negligence Besides Essex was much grieued to see Robert Cecill the last yeare that was made Secretary to the Queene for all his opposition against him now in his absence to be made Chancelloâ—r of the 〈◊〉 of 〈◊〉 to whom hee alwayes opposed himselfe as emulous of his wisdome and too great a fauourite of Rawleigh But he was further grieued to heare Charles Howard Admirall made Earle of Nottingham with this Testimoniall in his letters of Honour THat he secured England from all danger of the Spanish inuasion hauing gotten a braâ—e victory in eighty eight That ioyntly with our deare kinsman Robert Earle of Essex he had valiantly and magnanimously by open violence taken the Island and City of Cadiz that was strongly fortified That he had wholly vanquished and ouerthrowne an entire Nauie of the King of Spaine that stood ready in the said Hauen to assault the Kingdome of England These things Essex who had challenged to himselfe all the glory thereof before now construed them as done in disgrace to him and great preiudice to his valour especially considering that the Admirall who being a Lord was behinde him in honour now by being made an Earle should haue the prerogatiue of superiority ouer him For it was established in the times of K. Henry the eight that the Lord High Chamberlaine of England High Constable the Marshall Admirall and Lord High Steward and Chamberlaine should haue preheminence about â—ll that were but of the same degree But yet the Queene which was alwaies a fauourer and an enlarger of the dignities and honours of Essex to qualifie his distast and so set him before â—im againe made him Earle Marshall of England an office which had â—aine a sleepe euer since the death of the Earle of Shrewesburie This yeare came Paulus Dzialinus Embassadour from Sigismond King of Poland a man of greater aâ—â—â—city then ordinarily the disposition of that Nation attaâ—nes vnto from whom when the Queen expected great acknowledgment of her Fauours and thanksgiuing for the peace wrought by her from Amurath Emperor of the Turks He after he had deliuered his Letters to the Queene sitting in her Chaire of state which the Nobles about her she began to reade them in a very vnseemly vnusuall manner in England descends to the lower part of the Priuy Chamber and there in a lowd tone began in a Latine Oration to complaine that the priuiledges Prutenick and of the Polonians were not onely much enfâ—inged but euen violated contrary to the Law of Nations in that their traffique with the Spaniard was made vnlawfull and prohibited by the Queene and that vnder colour of that that the Polonian goods were forfeited to the Queenes Exchequer Vrging that his Master could not beare with this without complaint in respect of the great damage which he hath sustained as also the affinity of him and the Spaniard and the House of Austria Wherefore that 〈◊〉 required of the Queene that these things that had been â—â—ken away should be restored againe and that he might hâ—â—â— free traffique with the Spaniard Which if she granted not that his Master would take some order to prouide for the safety of his Subjects and his owne estate and it may 〈◊〉 make those repent it that were the occasion of the first 〈◊〉 offered him The Queene somewhat amazed at the bold speech of 〈◊〉 Embassadour in a sober rebuking Rhetoricall answer â—â—ded him these words LOrd how was I deceiued I expected an Embassadour I found an Herold I neuer heard such an Oration all the daies of my life Neither can I sufficiently wonder at so great 〈◊〉 rashuesse If that your King euer willed you to these speechâ—s which I much doubt of I doe therefore thinâ— he did it because being a young man and not chosâ—â— according to the vsuall succession of bloud but by election he doth not vnderstand the affaires of Traffique or those businesses that haue been passed through by Vs and his Prâ—decessours For your part you seeme to Vs to be well read in many bookâ—â— but yet to be very shallow in Policy or matters belonging thereto For for asmuch as you haue so often vsed the Law of Nations in
your speech you ought to haue knowne that two Kings being at warre one against another it is lawfull for one side to seaze and surprize all aide and succour that is sent to the other side because he is bound to prouide that no damage from thence come to his kingdome and Common-wealth This we say is agreeable to the Law of Nations which we not onely do but euen the Kings of Poland Sweden haue done the like in the warres against the Muscouians As concerning the neere affinity which you boast of betweene your Master and the house of Austria you might also well remember that some of that Family of Austria were so neere your Master that they would haue got into his roome and got the Kingdome from him For other matters you shall vnderstand what Our will and pleasure is by our Counsellours And hauing spoke thus she betooke herselfe into her Closet The Embassadour in conference with some of the Queenes Councell that he might excuse himselfe shewed vnto them his Speech written which he said was made by others and deliuered to him by Thelitiskius Chancellor of Sweden Zamoske being absent and not knowing of it Shortly after the Queene sent Burghley Lord Treasurer the Admirall Robert Cecill and Fortescue of her Prluy Counsell willing them to certifie him these things That the priuiledges which haue beene heretofore granted to those Cities in Poland as also to the Hans-Townes in Germany were abrogated in the time of Edward the â—ixt yet that the Queene permitted them to traffique with the English vpon equall termes the like right But that she could not giue theÌ„ leaue to traffique by a better right vnlesse that like a wicked mother she should neglect her owne Children and make more of strangers That to surprize aide that goes to her enemies is not against the Law of Nations since Nature her selfe allowes that liberty that euery man should defend himselfe as well as he can and that that Law is not written but borne and bred in vs. Besides that in the mentioned priuiledges there was a Prouiso that those Cities should not furnish the enemies of England with any prouision as appeares in expresse words IT shall be lawfull for the foresaid Merchants to carry their Merchandise whither they will either within Our Realme of England or without prouided alwaies that they carrie them not to the Lands and Kingdomes of our manifest and notorious enemies Besides all this he was giuen to vnderstand that but lately which was fresh in their memories the Kings of Poland and Sweden surprized and conâ—iscated certain English ships and Merchandize onely vpon suspition that they had aided the Muscouian with prouision The Embassadour being demanded what he could say to these things made answer that he had no command to answer any thing but to deliuer his message and returne an answere and shortly after he was very courteously dismissed to returne home By this time the importunate supplications of the Hans-Townes to the Emperour of Germany had so farre preuailed that by Proclamation the society of Merchant Aduenturers were forbidden all traffique in Germany by reason that they traffiqued onely according to the Lawes of England in the Empire and not according to the Lawes of the Empire So that when the Queene had long time dealt with the Emperour by Sir Iohn Wroth and with the Princes of the Empire by Stephen Lesure for the suspention or delaying of this Proclamation and all was in vaine the very same day that the English Merchants were warned to depart Germany she banished all the Hans-Townes men and Merchandizes out of London commanding the Lord Major to take possession of the houses they had in the Citie of London which we call the Stiliard And hereupon they assembled all of the Hans-Townes at Lubecke on purpose to hinder the traffique of the English in Poland and Germany by all meanes The Queene that she might nuâ—lifie these malicious practises sent Sir George Carew Master of the Chancery into Prussia to enforme the King and States of Polonia and the Prutenic Cities those things which she answered to Dzialine the last Embassadour as also to certifie them that the Queene will willingly permit them to trade into Spaine with Corne and all kinde of Merchandize onely except warlike Munition although both by the Ciuill law and the law of Nations she might surprize any thing that is sent to her enemy Also that she was contented that the Hans-Townes should enioy their ancient priuiledges in England vpon condition that they should acknowledge them as her meere fauours and not as couenants lawfully and rigorously to be demanded for those priuiledges which are granted to Subiects by Princes much more to strangers and forreiners may be suspended reuoked and quite abrogated according to the diuersity of times the good of Common-wealths or other the like causes Withall that the Hans-Townes had had experience thereof in Denmarke and Sweden and in England in the time of Edward the sixt Philip and Queene Mary Besides that the case is not all one with Cities and Kingdomes and that Princes ought more to haue a care to protect and patronize their owne honour and Maiesty then the coâ—etousnesse of some Merchants Câ—rew so effectually dealt with them that they promised not to send any of there Embassadours to Lubecke or to conioyne them with the Hans-Townes in Germany Which hauing effected he passed ouer into Sweden where hee met the King of Poland at Steckburge brought into very narrow streights by his Vnckle Charles but he wrought but little with him by reason as the King himselfe courtâ—ously answered that alwaies it is prouided by the Lawes of the Realme that the King alone shall neuer enter into couenants or any bargaines or conditions with any Forreiner Hauing had other Leâ—ters deliuered to him by the Vice-Chancellour ready sealed he refused to take them the title of his 〈◊〉 the Queene being not absolutely perfect and compleat on all sides lest thereby he should seeme to derogate from her Honour and that is indeed the obâ—ect of an Embassadours greatest care although in the smallest matters as this was onely in the superscription From thence he passed vnto Elbing where he composed and ended many quarrels and contentions between the English and the Citizens thereof but this was in the next yeare yet I thought it fit to forestall the narration of it rather then to rent his owne voyage and the readers patience into a distraction This yeare also came Arnold Whitfield Chancellour of Denmarke from Christian the fourth King of Denmarke and with him Christian Bernick who restored againe the Carter of the Order of St. George wherewith the Queene had honoured Fredericke the Kings Father He requested the renewing of the ancient League betweene England and Denmarke also that the Danish goods might not be surprized by the English at Sea He pretended that the English vsed Fishing at Norway and the Islands
against the League and also promised his Masters endeuours to reconcile the Queen and the King of Spaine The Queene hauing courteously entertained them promiâ—eth that the League should be renewed the goods if any were surprized should be restored and that no more should be surprized also that the Fishing should be lawfully vsed according to the ancient Leagues But concerning a peace with the Spaniard who had first brake it so treacherously and especially to get it by a third man that should seeme to procure such a commodity for her she thought it not to stand with her honour nor the weale of her Kingdome she for her owne part being sufficiently so enuironed by the loyalty and valour of her owne people that she feared not any man And last of all would she make a Peace or trust to it made since that he so maliciously at this very time did so molest his confederate the French King with a cruell warre For the Spaniard had now by this time vnder the conduct of Ferdinand Teglio a little Dwarfe but of great skill and valour taken Amiens the greatest and strongest City in Picardy by a warlike stratageme of ouer-turning a Cart in the Port or Gate and had now brought the French King to such distresse that hee was faine to intreat 4000. English to aide him from the Queene Which indeed she denied him not vpon this condition that he should giue them pay when as the Nauy sent out lately to the Islands and the Army in Ireland had much consumed her treasure The King solemnly protested that he was not able to pay and that he might obtaine them without pay certifies the Queene that a most commodious peace was offered him by the Popes Nuncio with an absolute restitution of all the places taken in France besides Calis and Ardes if so be he would seperate himselfe from the Queene and not haue League with her and that the French Nation beg'd for peace most earnestly The Queene made answere that she could not belieue that so great a Prince conioyned to her by necessity and much benefited by her especiall good will and but lately bound by an oath would admit of such faire deceitfull shewes to draw him from the League made betweene them and the oaths and protestations made by either parties onely because she could not in this so great necessity helpe him as otherwise she would And Anthony Mildmay the Leager there very earnestly and not without offence to the Kings eares expostulated with him these things a man truely of an open heart and a true Englishman who very often would accuse to their faces the French Counsellours of tergiuersation and too much inconstancy in their answers and lightnesse too as if they onely mocked England But shortly afterwards when some men shrewdly hallucinated that the purpose of the Spaniard bended onely and aimed at this marke that hauing broken the League betweene the French and the Queene and retaining Calis still in his possession he might the easier assault England from thence The Queene thought good to send him ouer aide and to pay the Souldiers her selfe if so be he would onely warre in Picardy or Britains to remoue the Spaniard farther if so be he would ioyne greater forces to them and allot the English a place of retyring For otherwise by reason of her motherly loue towards her Nation she would not send them to be butchered by the cruelty of the Spaniard onely for the pleasure or benefit of the French And besides she lent him great store of monies for the which and all his debts besides he pawned to her Calis if so be the Queene at her owne cost and charges within a set time recouered it and the better to recouer it he allotted the English Boloigne for a retyring place But whilest these things are in action the French reget Amiâ—ns from the Spaniard after a tedious and difficult siege For the which as in his Letters to the Queene dated in September appeares he was much beholding to Baskeruile that died at the siege and Arthâ—r Sauage two worthy Commanders and the valour of the English Nation But the happinesse of this was much bettered by the age and necessity of the Spaniard which creeping on him very fast excited him continually to a desire of peace For when experience had well informed him that his affaires consisted more in report then strength and that all his wealth was not able to represse the assaults of the English that the warre in the Low Countries was to be prosecuted and that the places which he had taken in France were also to be defended that he was now in a good old age and that his strength failed him that his Sonne was but of small age and lesse experience of affaires that the French were very famous for warlike exploits he thought it his best course by the meanes of the Bishop of Rome who should be as an arbitratour betweene them to treate with the French King about peace who indeed was as desirous as himselfe of it the Spaniard adiudging it better to conclude his troubles in a well-setled peace then to leaue them all hereditary to his Son whose yeres were too tender to goe through them with good successe And truely this peace was shortly made betweene them as we shall speake of in its proper place Assoone as the first suspition of this vnperfect peace came to the Queenes eares she imagining that it was only the better to molest England and entrap it strengthened her selfe before hand both with monies which she almost lacked and the good will and loue of her people which she much encreased For she called a Parliament at Westminster where she made many very good and gracious Lawes acceptable to the people Vid. Act. The States presently after send ouer to congratulate the restauration of the true Religion and the happy administration of the Common-wealth to congratulate also the deliuery of the Realme from the hands of bloudy enemies the defence and protection whereby Ireland was secured the aide and assistance which she vouchsafed both the States and the French After this that the Queene might the better be ready furnished with store of money the Clergy voluntarily granted her three Subsidies and the Lay people entreated the Queene to take of them three whole and entire Subsidies six Fifteenes and Tenths Withall requesting that the necessity of these her occasions might not be patterne for future ages to measure their liberality by towards the Prince To this Parliament was Thomas De-la-ware his Father William being dead called who gaue vp his Petition to the Queene to intreat her to restore him again to the ancient place of the Lord De-la-ware The occasion was this That his Father William hauing an Vnckle of his whose inheritance and honour he gaped after prouided poison for him and thereupon by the authority of the Parliament in Edward the sixt his time he was depriued and shut out
as they did The Rebels hearing of the Deputies death assault the Fort with great clamours and as great violence and were droue backe with as great slaughter They that scaled vp by Ladders were cast downe headlong and at length they distrusting their owne abilities betake themselues to a consultation relying vpon a perswasion that they were furnished of prouision but for few dayes But for all that the Fort was strongly maintained by the valour of Thomas Williams the Gouernour and the rest that lay in Garrison who hauing suffered hunger the sword and all extremities hauing eate vp their horses â—ed vpon the hearbes that grew vpon the trenches and endured no small misery to enioy their liberty And now by this time by the Queenes authority from England was the Army in Ireland committed to the Earle of Ormond with the title also of Lieutenant Generall of the Army The disposing and gouerning of all ciuill matters was committed to Adam Lâ—fthose Archbishop of Dublin Chancellour and Robert Gardiner with the titles of Iustices of Ireland which office Thomas Norrris had exercised a moneth before Tir-Oen presently sends his long tedious Letters to the new Lieutenant wherein he exaggerates and aggrauates all his grieuances both old and new not omitting the least that might be strercht to the name of an iniurie Hee poorely excuseth his couenant breaking with Norris But especially much complaineth that Feogh Mac-Hugh was euen hunted to death that his Letters to the Queene were intercepted and suppressed that Impositions and Compositions vntolerable were layd vpon the Nobilitie and the Commons Hee added besides that he foresaw well enough that the territories of all the Peeres of Ireland should bed diuided amongst the English Councellours the Lawyers the Scribes and the Souldiers And at the very same time wherein hee assisted with helpe the Sonnes of Feogh Mac-Hugh to a new rebellion in Leinster hee exhibited to the Lieutenant a most submissiue writing humbly craues to be taken into fauour not sticking to promise any thing whatsoeuer although it was easily perceiued and knowne to all men that these rebellions were for no other end whatsoeuer else was pretended then to dislodge the English out of Ireland THE ONE AND Fortieth Yeere OF HER REIGNE Anno Domini 1598. IN the middest of all these Irish troubles there came as great almost out of France too For the French King although hee had lately recouered Ambiane yet being wearied with warre and the daily requests of his Subiects and the intercession of the Bishop of Rome the last yeare almost spent sent ouer Masie to the Queene signifying vnto her that hee had had some conference with the Spanish Factors concerning a peace but yet that he had determined not to prosecute the matter further till such time that he had both her consent and the States of the Low Countries since that he had made a League with them both for offence and defence Wherefore he requested that some might be sent ouer out of England and the Low Countries that might consult about this matter and heare what reasonable conditions were proposed The Queene to satisfie the French Kings desire sent ouer into France Robert Cecill Secretary to the Queene Iohn Herbert Master of Requests and Thomas Wilkes who died presently after his arriuall at France The States sent out to them Iustine Nassaw and Iohn Olden-Barneuelt and also to the Queene some others to dehort her from this Peace The English were informed by instructions before hand to know vpon what ground the mentioned peace relied and how farre it had gone on and whither or no it was propounded bona fide and not deceitfully and cunningly as in the Treaty at Borburgh also to know what good security shall be giuen to the States if they should condiscend to the Treaty and also to propose the restoring of Calis to the English for the monies due to the Queene were of greater value by much then so smal a Town could counteruaile Which the Queene the willinglier mentioned because the French King had intimated that this Treaty should be for some order taking about the Treaty of Cambray Castle in restoring euery man his owne but with this prouiso or clause added to them also that they should consent to nothing without the Hollanders confent also The King of France now was in iourny towards Britain to recouer his Prouince there for the Duke of Mercâ—eur and the Spaniards agreed not well by reason he denied to surrender into their hands Nannetu After long trauaile Cecill at last ouertooke them at Andes to whom the King hauing with a thankefull minde acknowledged the Queenes loue and good-will spake to him to this effect THat although the Queene had vndertaken and waged warre against the Spaniard and had had fortunate successe in the same yet for his owne part although he was borne a Souldier yet being a King and hauing people vnder him hee held it no point of Religion to expose his faithfull Subiects to the rage of warre but rather a great sinne and offence out of an irreligious ambition to refuss Peace c. Cecill made answer that the Queene was not so much against peace as he might imagine who now hauing sufficiently reuenged her selfe vpon her enemy desires nothing but quietly to maintaine the safety of her people and her own honour And then after that he required to be informed what condition of peace the Spaniard had proposed and what order should be taken with the state of the Low Countries if they should not accept of it The King in answering acknowledged that indeed the Queene had endammaged the Spaniard much but the Spaniard had as much him that yet now the Spaniard earnestly desired a peace and that thereupon he would also restore all places in France that he had taken euen Call is againe Also assuring him that shortly he would bring the Spaniard to agreement both with the Queene and the States solemnly and publikely protesting that it could not be if he should refuse this peace but France should wrap it self againe in the fire of ciuill warre by reason that he found the hearts of his people so prone to a rebellion Whilest these things are in hand he being carefull of the maine chance secretly agreed vpon some things concerning the peace with the Spaniard dealing with Albert the Arch-Duke till such time that some authority were delegated from Spaine to the finishing and perfecting of the peace This when the Queene certainly vnderstood she began somewhat to expostulate with the French King about it but he excused himselfe by reason of the delay the Queene vsed in sending ouer and by reason of the vrgency of his necessity and the offered opportunity which he could not neglect and so as it were hauing somewhat else to doe hee referred the matter wholly to his Counsell And first of all Barneuelt layes open before them in an Oration the affaires and estates of the Low
themselues The Spanish side would not admit thereof as being reiected by the King of Spaine thinking it also now a great preiudice to their honour if that if onely but by reason they were but guests among them the chiefe place were not granted to them by reason that they came to a towne of the French Kingdome which they would neuer haue done had it not beene to shew their obseruancy and respect to the Bishop of Rome and the Legate that represents him At length the Popes Legates much striuing in the matter it was agreed vpon that he should sit at the vpper end of the board and the Popes Nuncio should sit by him on the right hand then this choyce was giuen to the French whither or no they would sit nearest the Nuncio on the right hand or the Legate on the left The French they chose the left as nearest to the Legate The Spanish side willingly tooke the right hand because they thought it the best and because the Nuncio was none of the number of the Delegates and thereby they thought they sufficiently maintained the honour of their King For if so be that Caligarton the Generall of the Franciscan Friers who had chosen the lowest part of the boord out of his humility the badge of his profession who tooke great paines in this businesse had beene preferred before them and set on the left-hand neerest to the Legate they had determined to protest publikely and aloud that they knew well enough the place fitting for a Catholique King also that they would defâ—nd the same if they had beene delegated from the Catholique King but since they were onely Delegates for the Arch-Duke who would not equall himselfe with the most Christian King of France and that since in their Letters of Protection which they haue receiued from the most Christian King they were onely stiled the Delegates for the Arch-Duke they said they would willingly giue place to the French For the Spaniard prouidently carefull to maintaine his owne honour had resigned authority ouer to the Arch-Duke whereby he might delegate others for the matter that so the Spaniard himselfe might not immediately come to contend with the French for superiority which was worse for him to maintaine then a warre Assoone as the businesse was composed and the Charters of the Delegation on both sides exhibited the French tooke it very â—einously that in that of the Arch-dukes there was no mention of the Queene of England bâ—ing that there was of the Duke of Sauoy And the answer was that she was comprehended vnder the number of confederates but when this little contented the French they were faine to pretend this reason that she was alwaies an enemy to the King of Spaine and that euen at this present time she did molest him with a Nauy And yet all their pretences could not quiet the French till such times as they passed their faith that the Spaniard should try to make peace with her if she gaue but any hopes thereof vnto him The French King hauing how concluded this Peace although he was most famous for warlike glory yet now setled all his desires vpon quietnesse whereby he so rowzed vp the affaires of France which had beene for many yeares ouerwhelmed in ciuill warres both by assisting the Romane Religion and the Reformed by restoring ancient rightes by fostering of good learning by recalling Traffiques and by adorning the Kingdome with stately edifices that he far surpassed all the Kings of France before him as in misery lately so now in glory insomuch that he bare the name of Henry the great The Queene now more inwardly hauing a care of her own estate sent Sir Francis Vere ouer to the States to know of them whither or no they would condâ—scend to a Treaty with Spaine if not what they would bestow on the warre also earnestly to deale with them to repay those monies and charges which she had beene at for their sakes And in the meane time there was great disceptation in England whither or no to conclude a peace with the Spaniard were commodious either to the Queene or the Realme They that were desirous of peace vsed these and the like perswasions thereto First That a peace besides that that it is both pleasant and holesome would now take away that aspersion that is cast vpon the English as disturbers of the whole world as if so be that they thought themselues happy in other mens calamities and secure by others dangers Secondly That the Queene would be thereby more secure from forreigne practises Thirdly That an end of the cost and charges of warre against the Spaniard and Archâ—Duke would be thereby made Fourthly That the rebellion in Ireland would soone be lull'd asleepe when they should once perceiue no helpe would come to them out of Spaine Fiftly That Traffiques would be better and oftner vsed to the profit of Prince and people Sixtly That Spaine that lately was so fruitfull to the English Merchants would be open againe to them where they might exchange away Corne for Gold and Siluer Seuenthly That thereby the Emperours Proclamation against English Merchants would be reuoked Eightly That the danger of tumults at home and often taxes tributes and pressing of Souldiers would be thereby taken away Ninthly That the League of Burgundy would be renewed Tenthly That they need feare nothing then from the French Eleauenthly That England might take breath thereby and heape wealth together against future fortunes Twelfthly That thereby the credit and estimation of the Queene would be well prouided for in that she in An. 1585. when the States offered her the dominion of the Low Countries publikely and in print protested that by ayding the Low Country-men she meant nothing but their liberty and the peace and security of England For if so be that then it seemed great wisedome as the times then were to aâ—â—ist them and great equity to refuse the dominion and gouernment of so many Prouinces for the bearing of her charges in the warre certainly now would it seeme great indiscretion to pursue warre when that peace is offered on the one side by the Spaniard and nothing by them that so greatly desire the warre Besides that these things ought to be considered whither or no England were of sufficiency enough to wage warre in Ireland the Low Countries and elsewhere against Spaine Then whither or no by this nourishing of a warre there would be hope of bringing the Spaniard to better and more reasonable articles and conditions then now were proposed and that then it was most exactly to be considered since without doubt it was most conuenient for the English to haue an offensiue warre for woe to them that defend at home in what place they should haue it whither or no in the Sea coasts of Spaine or Portugall and then that indeed the Townes therein might be taken and ransacked with easie paines but not be retained but with great charges and
this yeare neither the Carackes set forth for the East Indie nor the American Nauy returned home to Spaine About this time also Edward Squire was called into question a base fellow and one that had beene a common base Scriuener afterwards hauing gotten some office in the Queenes Stables and after that serued vnder Drake in his last voyage taken in the little ship that was then surprised by the Spaniard hee was carried into Spaine and there at last came vnto the knowledge of Walpole an English Iesuite he quickly caused him to be brought into the Inquisition as one that was an Hereticke and at length by continuance of punishments drew the fellow to the faith of the Romish religion Afterwards he dealt with him to try if that hee would dare to doe any thing for his Religions sake that he might be sure hee truely professed it and afterwards after many courses of words as Squire himselfe confessed hee taught him indeed that to take the Earle of Essex away was a meritorious act but that it was farre more necessary to take away the Queenes life Then he shewed what an easie matter it was and as well done as conceiued as free from sin in doing so from danger after it is done if it were but by besmearing the pummell of the Queenes Saddle with poyson where she should lay her hand when she takes horse At length Squire hauing condiscended to this villany the Iesuite bound him by diuers solemne vowes vnder paine of damnation to keepe it secretly and to doe it So that Squire being now instructed to this villany and laden with the promises of euerlasting life tooke his blessing from him and the poyson and withall tooke order that he and another should be sent ouer into Englaâ—d concerning the ransoming of the Spanish Captiues in England that thereby no suspition might be had of him by reason of his returne from Spaine This Squire after his returne a little into England bedawb'd the Queenes pummell of her Saddle with poyson seeming to do somewhat else and praying with a lowd voice for good successe but by Gods mercy the poyson lost his nature as well as Squire his loyalty and had no power to hurt the Queene After all this he went for a Souldier with the Earle of Essex to the Island of Azores and went with him in the same ship to auoide all suspition besmearing also the Earles chaire with poyson which tooke no effect against the Earles life Afterwards returning into England he began to liue securely not suspecting that his Confessor Walpole would euer reueale him But it seemes Walpole either taking it very ill that this matter tooke no effect or else suspecting that Squire triâ—â—ed out all his vowes and mockt him he wholly bends himselfe for a reuenge Certainly there was one sent ouer into England that generally accused Squire of such an intended mischiefe which being of such a great moment Squire being hereupon examined at the first denied it and afterwards being more narrowly demanded in some circumstances and suspecting that now his Confessour had not dealt honestly with him he confessed all concerning Walpoles proposals and his consent and about the poyson laid to the Queenes Saddle But at the iudgment seat afterwards at the gallowes he professed that although he was suborned to this villany by Walpole others that yet he neuer resolued with all his heart to doe it After his death Walpole or one vnder his name set forth a booke wherein hee forswore and bitterly detested all these things which Squire confessed But howsoeuer some of our English runâ— awayes haue beene too much learned to the destruction of many men and their own great disgrace for they haue nourished this dangerous opinion that to murther excommunicated Princes is nothing else but to root out Tares out of the Lords Garden Much about this time were some idle busie-bodies whose onely businesse was to stirre where there was a calme much imployed to breed debate between the Queene and the King of Scotland who scattered rumours that he too much fauoured the Papists and was too much estranged of late from the Queene And to giue some credit to this report there was shewed her Letters sent to the Pope of Rome indited by the viâ—lany of the Kings Secretary and counterfeitly subscribed by the Kings hand and Seale But the Queene not giuing credit to all this report and their confirmation of it reiected these things as all nothing but deuices of wicked men to estrange the affections of all Protestants from him and to reconcile the Papists to him Nay when as this Valentine Thomas a notorious villaine and now condemned for theft required that he might be heard speake a little of a matter of great moment and being set by to speake accused the King of Scotland as ill affected towards the Queene the Queene was so farre from giuing heed to these whisperings that she the more loathed this villanous wretch onely accounting him a wicked calumniator or hired by some to say so to trouble the King of Scotland and her selfe or at the best as one that deuised such a lie thereby thinking to saue his life Yet notwithstanding she commanded the matter to be kept secretly and the villaines life to be repriued a while lest thereby any blemish might be cast vpon the king of Scotlands honour Besides the Queene in the height of these rumours of the King of Scotland sent to the King admonishing him seriously to consider these things VVHether there were any besides her that could doe him more good or more hurt then she could Whether hee knew any that had beene more well-willing to him Whether any one expected lesse from him then she did who indeed desired nothing else then that hee would promote the glory God and not be wanting to himselfe Neither indeed was the king any way defectiue For to disperse the rumour that was raised of him hee caused many men ouer England and Ireland to preach his constancy in Religion his wisedome his iustice his mercy and the rest of his Princely vertues thereby to draw the mindes of the Commonalty to a better perswasion of him There were also bookes written and dispersed that maintained his right of succession to the Realme of England also to informe them that the admittance of him would be beneficiall to both Kingdomes and farre more good then any others intrusion and that for these reasons First that he relies vpon excellent right thereto that he is a King that by ioyning both Kingdomes which hath beene so long desired he will much encrease the glory of both he will â—ull asleepe the warre in Ireland and in Spaine he will cause a liberty of Traffique againe he hath children the props of a Kingdome he hath power and strength enough to defend both him and his and is dearely beloued of all the Christian Princes in the world and then were proposed the lamentable ends not onely of â—surpers
but of those that stirred vp and put forward them too as that of Richard Neuill the Earle of Warwicke who placed Edward the fourth in his Throne and of the Duke of Buckingham who did so to Richard the third Then for the declaration of his succession sentences were heere and there sprinckled to this purpose THat Kings cannot depriue their kindred of the hope of the Kingdome that Kingdomes run along in the course of bloud that those things which by the benefit of nature fall vnto children cannot be taken away by a Fathers disinheritance neither remoued vpon any that are further off by the States of the Kingdome that the Lord spared not the Israelites but gaue them as a prey vnto the enemies because hauing despised the house of Dauid they chose Ieroboam the sonne of Nebat King that to remoue the gouernment of a Kingdome from the neerer to the further off is not onely repugnant to Humane Lâ—wes but also to Diuine As they that enter in ought patiently to expect the 〈◊〉 be it neuer so tedious of those that are comming out so those that are on comming out are bound to giue their Successours or commers in good ground of entrance lest that both complaine one being wearied with idle hope and the other with daily intreaties But better then all these was the booke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 written by the King and giuen to his Sonne wherein is the excellentest description of a Prince that can be insomuch that it is almost incredible to belieue how infinitely he reconciled the peruerse mindes of the people and what great expectation he stirred vp in euery one of future goodnesse How the Queene tooke it I know not but sure I am that she her selfe was so well affected to learning either alwaies reading or writing something that she had lately translated Salust de bello Iugurthino into English and about this time the greatest part of Horace de Arte Poëtica and the booke of Plutarch de Curiositate all which she wrote with her owne hands for all the rebellion in Ireland grew so hot as it did which after we haue giuen account of some of our men of note that died this yeare we will declare in order The first whereof was Thomas Stapleton Doctour of Diuinity borne in Sussex and bred in new College in Oxford hee was Ordinary Professour of Diuinity and the Controuersies of the Vniuersity at Doway for in the beginning of the Reigne of Queene Elizabeth out of the good will hee bore to his Romish religion hee went ouer into the Low Countries where by his publike Lectures and his printed workes hee at last grew very famous The second was Richard Cosin a Cambridge man Doctour of Law and Deane of the Arches who by maintaining the Ecclesiasticall Iurisdiction got him the report of great wisedome and learning The third was Edmund Spencer a Londoner borne and a Scholler of Cambridge who was borne to so great fauour of the Muses that hee surpassed all our Poets euen Chawcer himselfe his fellow Citizen But labouring with the peculiar destiny of Poets pouerty although hee were Secretary to Grey Lord Deputy of Ireland for there hauing scarse time or leisure to write or pen any thing hee was cast forth of doores by the Rebels and robbed of his goods and sent ouer very poore into England where presently after hee dyed and was buried at Westminster neere Chawcer at the charges of the Earle of Essex all Poets carrying his body to Church and casting their dolefull Verses and Pens too into his graue Now all this yeare the rebellion in Ireland continued very hot on foot still for Tir-Oen had got his pardon vnder the great Seale of Ireland which hee so dissemblingly implored at the hands of Ormond the Lieutenant yet on a sodaine dared hee to girt Black-water with a strong siege To remoue this siege the Lieutenant Generall of the Irish forces for as yet there was no Lord Deputy sends forth his choycest bands to wit thirteene Regiments of men of Armes vnder so many Ensignes all vnder Henry Bagnall the Marshall a bitter enemy of Tir-Oen The fourteenth day of August they marched from their Campes neere Armagh in a threefold battalion The first the Marshall Bagnall and Piercy led Cosby and Thomas Mary-Wingfield led the middle and Cuine and Billings the last Calisthenes Brooke Charles Montacute and Flemmings were leaders of the Horse They scarce marched a mile but too much seuered from themselues by reason of the swelling vp of some hils in their way there being nothing but a plashie plaine of one side and woods on the other but I say Tir-Oen being vehemently incensed with hatred against the Marshall brake in vpon the first Squadron with all his force and might and presently hauing slaine him amongst the thickest crowde put all his troupes out of order with the multitude of his forces whilest the rest of the English by reason of the hill between them scarce saw any such matter at the very same time the powder hauing by some strange chance taken fire blew vp many of them and maimed more Afterwards Cosby being sent to recollect the remnant of the dispersed Squadron had a great ouerthrow But Montacute although not without great danger reduced them to an order Wingfield in the last Squadron failing of powder returned to â—â—magh againe And Tir-Oen got thus a pleasant victory of the English and a more pleasant triumph ouer his enemy And certainly the English receiued not a greater slaughter then this since the time that they first set foot in Ireland hauing lost 13. stout and valiant Leaders and 150. common Souldiers that being put shamefully to flight were slaine vp and downe about the fields They that remained aliue were opprobriously blamed not their sluggishnes but their Captaines vnskilfulnesse neither was their complaint of that altogether friuolous for it was no great discretion in any Captaine to march so disioyntedly one company from another against such barbarous people who alwaies being heaped together are more beholding to their rude violence for their good fortune then any policy or discretion Not long after this slaughter of the English followed the yeelding of Black-water Fort to the Rebels the men that lay in Garrison keeping both their loyalty and their Armes still till such time that there was no hope of any succour This victory got great glory to the cause of the Rebels and this Fort of especiall vse for from hence they furnished themselues with all kinde of prouision of Armes and now Tir-Oen vnder the name of the Authour of their liberty being greatly swolne with pride thereof grew more fierce then before insomuch that all Mounster reuolted from the Queene and yet not so much out of this prosperous successe of the Rebels as out of their hatred towards the English vndertakers and Farmers who were brought into the lands and possessions of Desmond that fell
and brother to the King of Spaine and was also the husband and head of the most Puissant Princesse Isabella Infanta eldest daughter to the Spaniard was well worthy to bee honoured by all Princes with the title of most Puissant The English answered that an Arch-Duke ought not to bee equalled in Honourable Titles with a King besides that hee was no otherway titled then Most Illustrious in the ancient treaties betweene Philip the Arch-Duke the father of Charles the fift and Henry the eight The Spaniards answered that it was no wonder if that title onely were giuen to him when the very same and no greater was also giuen to Henry the eight himselfe On the other side the English found these faults in their King that the forme of their subdelegation was wanting that it was much obscured by the intermingling of other Commissaries that it was sealed but with a Priuate Seale when the Queenes was sealed with the Broad Seale of England Lastly that this clause was wanting that the King should ratifie whatsoeuer was concluded vpon They answered that their formall subdelegation was comprehended in those words Par trattar y hazar trattar That there is no such name in Spaine as the Broad Seale and the Priuate but that this was their Kings owne hand-writing in the presence of the Secretary and signed with the publike Seale of the King and Kingdome and that lastly by these words Estar y passar y estare y passare all was Ratified Within some few dayes after the English desired that they should meet for as yet they had onely dealt with the Arch-Dukes Delegates by writing also demanding the prioritie of the place for the Queene the Spaniards being angry somewhat with that that the English should first challenge the first place as if in such affaires Le premier demaundeur estoit le vaincueuer They answered that it was newes for the Kings or Queenes of England to stand vpon the tearmes of Equalitie with the Catholike King but that it was vnheard of to speake of Prioritie The English answered that the Precedencie of the Kingdome of England was very well knowne to all the world and strengthened with good and sound reasons and that besides the Embassadour Resident for the Queene hauing a double power ought to be preferred before him that comes onely with the bare title of a Delegate Edmonds was very earnest and assured them that before hand hee had informed Richardot that the Queene would not lose her Prioritie and when hee vrged him to answere he indeed denied it not but said that he would answere him when they met together and that hee did not thinke that the Treatie should haue broke off for that matter After this there were inuitations on both sides to their priuate houses vnder the pretence of familiaritie and talke together but indeed to worke them out of the conceit of the Prioritie But this effect was well enough shunned on both sides although the Low-Countrey men had enough to doe to mollifie the Spaniards a little who would not endure to heare that the Catholike King should once acknowledge the Queene for his Equall for because that thereby he must necessarily acknowledge the French his Superiour being it is on all sides confessed that England yeelds prioritie to France The English still doe continue strong in their resolution defending their ancient priuiledges saying that the Spaniard hath no cause to bee angrie thereat For he that vseth onely his owne Right not a whit preiudices another mans and that there was no reason why the Spaniard should not acknowledge the Queene as his Equall since shee is as Absolute a Monarch as hee is and hath as ample if not more ample Iurisdiction in her Maiesties Kingdomes Afterwards Edmonds was sent ouer into England returned with these Instructions to their Demands If there bee any equalitie in the Prerogatiue of honour that is not deceitfull or preiudiciall to the Queene let it be admitted and that they should not so strictly stand vpon their first Instructions That the Peace should be perpetuall both to the partie now contracting as also the further Succession for euer That there would be no mention of Tâ—uces That traffiques and trading should be recalled to the state wherein it was in 1567. That there should be a Couenant made that no ships be stayed without the consent of that Prince whose subiects those ships are That they should no way admit of that the Spanish men of warre should come into any Hauens of the Queenes That if the traffique into Indie were denied they should not stand vpon it but passe it ouer as the French did at the Treatie of Cambray and at Veâ—uins and so euery man should venter thither on his owne perill for by admitting of any Restriction or Limitation the voyages of many thither might much bee preiudiced That as the French did in the Treatie at Bloys and Veruins they should hold their tongue in the matter of Rebels and Run-awayes That they should promise that the English Garrisons in the townes pawned to her should onely defend the said townes and not warre against the Spaniard And that they should enforme them that the Queene had fully resolued that her Subiects might haue free â—rading in the Arch-Dukes Prouinces and that the English seruing now the States should not be recalled againe Lastly that they should fit themselues to Time and Place and to businesses accordingly which sometimes giues better counsell to the men then the men can to them also that they should carefully obserue to what end this Treatie tended whither or no it were to keepe the Queene in suspence whilest they either inuaded England or Ireland or whether it were not to draw to themselues the Vnited Prouinces and disâ—oyne them from England In the meane while the Arch-Duke being somewhat molested with his great warres in Flanders complaines that succour and Subsidie was sent by the Queene to the States and that ships were rigging for the Indies The Delegates made answere that they knew not of any such matter but if it were true that this was no Innouation of new stirres but a continuation of those things that were begun before the Treatie and that therefore they must bee borne withall patiently till such time as the peace be concluded Blaming the Spaniards againe that publikely they had furnished the Rebels in Ireland with prouision and money that hee had receiued of them Hostages and promised his succour that these things were to be seene extant in the very letters themselues of the Spaniards which were sent ouer to curry fauour from the Queene to the Rebels and could presently be produced Besides that that was a plaine innouation For his Father neuer assisted them but secretly if he did that Whilest these things were in controuersie and suspition on either side daily increased that the peace indeed is propounded but a worse thing treacherously intended The Spaniards declare that their Master the
Nations To let passe many words the Queene required the whole matter should be referred either to Delegates on both sides or to the Elector of Brandenburgh the Kings Father in Law the Duke of Mekelburgh Henry Iulius the D. of Brunswicke Vncle to the Kings Sister But when neither Stephen Leisiere nor Ferrar nor Nicholas Crage a learned man the one sent into England the other into Denmarke could compose the matter at length it was agreed on that Delegates should be sent to Embda thither the Queene sent Embassadours Richard Bancroft Bishop of London Christopher Perkins and Iohn Swale who might parley with the Delegates of Denmarke But when they came not at the appointed day whether hindered by the winde or some other errour the Danes alleaging that the time of their Delegates was out went home or as some thought because they wanted victuals for the Danes giue to their Embassadours Captaine victuals not mony as other Princes neither could endure to heare that they should require the prolongation of that authority Hence the English complained of the Danes as men proposing nothing else to themselues then that things should remaine as they were to wit that they might exact new tribute daily in the Oresund Sea that by new decrees they might confiscate their ships and merchandize that they might hold their fishng in the Northerne Sea and then saying through the same into Moscouia notwithstanding about these times for the better furtherance of Nauigation the Trades increase and the Kingdomes honour the Queene instituted the Company of East Indie Merchants giuing to them great priuiledges they sent thither with three ships Iames Lancaster of whom we before haue spoken that in the yeare 1594. he ouer came Fernambucke in Brasil Since that time and not vnluckily they sent euery yeare a small Nauy and to their Kingdomes honour erected Markets in Lurat the great Maguls Country in Mossolupatan Bantan Patane Siam Sagad Mecassar also in Iapan crushing by happy victories aswell the insolent enemy as the Turkish falsnesse but whether so great a summe of money daily transported hence and so many Marriners wasted be for the common good let wise men iâ—dge and posterity perceiue While the Queene thus prouides for her Subiects inrichment Clement the eight Pope vnderstanding her to be well in yeares for the better restoring of the Roman Religion to its former height in England sent thither two Breues one to the Clergy the other to the Laity in which hee admonished that they should admit no one to the Scepter after her decase how neere a kinne soeuer vnlesse he were one who would not onely grant a toleration of the Romish Religion but also with his best indeuour further it To the doing of which he must binde himselfe by an oath after the manner of his predecessours but the contents of these were as sparingly reuealed as they themselues closely sent notwithstanding hence was the originall of the monstrous powder-plot and as these Breues were sent from Rome to England for the easier excluding of King Iames from his inheriting England so at the same time was prepared in Scotland a deadly Sword by the Rethuens Brothers who in reuenge of the lawfull punishment inflicted on the E. of Gowry their Brother in the Kings minoritie appointed the same good King to die treacherously seducing him to their house and they had not come short in the performing of this designe had not the Protectour of Kings by these instruments the Kings fortitude the loyall endeauour of Iohn Ramsey and Thomas Areskins made themselues the authours of destruction on themselues for they were made aswell partners in death as in that plot and by decree of the State their goods confiscate their house made leuell with the ground themselues quartered and the Quarters hung on stakes through the Cities and as many as had to their surname Rethuen were commanded to leaue it for the better obliterating both of name and memory let it not be accounted fraud in me to relate their punishment since other Writers in this matter haue beene profuse about this Prince through England arose great complaint of the scarcity of victuals which also increased by reason of the moist constitution in the heauens at the end of the former yeare the vernall cold of this and the priuate auarice of some who by the abuse of an obtained licence transported great store into other Nations Hence the people moued no lesse with opinion then if they had had more rationall proofes by Libels railed on Buckhurst the Treasurer as if he had granted the licence but hee not lightly regarding these things repaires to the Queene from whom by Proclamation his innocence was testified a fault transferred on the Hucsters of Corne the Libellers apprehended and punished But such is the querulous enuy of the people that they complained the more and lashed him by priuate backe-bitings as if he had acknowledged it And now Essex hauing beene vnder the Lord Keeper of the great Seales custody this halfe yeare began mooued thereto by his naturall inclination to goodnesse and by this physicall affliction and many of his friends especially Henry Howard began I say to come to a better minde also determining to send away far from him those turbulent spirits that suggested him to all that was naught Gill Mericke and Cuffe he himselfe putting on such piety patience and modest humility that all his friends hoped well of him againe and his enemies enuied thereat The Queene in short time being pacified with his humble and submissue Letters commanded him to keepe onely his owne house vnder the free custody of Richard Barckly withall protesting that these her punishments were not entended for his ouerthrow but for his amendment But the common people altogether pleading for his innocency thinking him shrewdly wronged it seemed good to the Queene to eschew all kinde of seuerity iniustice or preiudice to her or her Councel that his cause should be heard yet not in the Starre Chamber lest he were too seuerely punished but onely priuately in the Lord Keepers house the Iudges thereof were allotted the Councell-table of the Queene foure Earles two Lords and foure Iudges that thereby he might onely be censured alike but with no marke of treachery or treason The summe of his accusation was that hauing no such authority in his Commission he made Southampton leader of the Horse that he knighted many that he drew his forces from Tir-Oen whom he should haue prosecuted into Mounster that he had priuate conference with Tir-Oen to the violation of the Maiesty of the Queene and the honor of the the Deputy himselfe and that this conference was the more suspected because it was priuate and secret These things the Lawyers sorely aggrauated bringing in also abrupt sentences of his out of Letters writ by himselfe some two yeres before the Copies whereof were dispersed by his followers vp and downe England such as these THat there is
that so being made poore neglected of the Queene and forsaken by his friends he might become the laughing stocke to his triumphing enemies Hereupon Southampton is sent for out of the Low Countries And some Diuines counsails in Oxford demanded but for what I know not and the Earle he himselfe returnes to London And now S. Christ. Blunt being much discontented that he had brought the Earle into these troubles for he perswaded him to come ouer out of Ireland but with a few with him hauing also vnderstood that Hen. Howard had in vaine made intercession for the Earle with his potent aduersaries admonished him now as he himselfe afterwards confessed to make his owne way to the Queen intimating that besides many of the Nobility would secure him his ingresse and regresse But the Earle answered that that would breed a scruple in his conscience except he had the fauourable opinion of Preachers thereto Yet for all that he sent word to Bluâ—t by Cuffe that shortly he would take some order what to do and impart the same to him assoone as he had resolued on it And now the Earle kept open house Mericke his Steward entertaining at boord all kinde of Souldiers audacious and discontented persons that would not care whom they wounded with their tongues Euery day there was a Sermon by some precise Minister or other whither all the Citizens almost flock't daily also Ritch the Sister of the Earle that hauing lost the honour of her marriage-bed found the great discontent of the Queene lying heauy vpon her frequented thither also daily And if any man thought ill of these things why he is presently noted as an iniurious person to the honour and freedome of the Earle In the last moneth of this yeare died Roger Lord North Treasurer of the Queenes Court Sonne to Edward Lord North he was a man of a liuely disposition and his wisedome equall to his courage We haue spoken of him sufficiently in 1567. and 1574. Dudley North his Heire succeeded being nephew by the son and Dorothy the daughter and heire of Valentine Dale an excellent Lawyer In his Treasurership William Knâ—lles succeeded him Sir Edward Wottâ—n shortly after succeeded him being a man well tried in many affaires of the Common-wealth THE FOVRE and Fortieth Yeere OF HER REIGNE Anno Domini 1601. IN the beginning of this yeare the Queene was wholly taken vp with very honourable â—mbassies from the South camâ— Hamets King of 〈◊〉 â—ingitana from the North 〈…〉 Pheodâ—riwâ—cke the Emperour of Russia's She also very 〈◊〉 entertained 〈◊〉 William the Sonne of 〈…〉 Count Palatine Duke of 〈…〉 and Virginius Vrsinus the Duke of 〈…〉 and the for he was beholding to him for it Sir Ferdinando Gorge Captaine of the Garrison at Plimmouth Sir Iohn Dauis Superuisor or Ouerseer of the Engines vnder him an excellent Mathematician and Sir Iohn Littleton of Fraâ—kell wise both in councell and warre if so be all his other behauiours had beene correspondent thereunto All these to auoid suspition meeting couertly in Drury House there Essex first proposed to them a Catalogue of the Nobility that were all addicted to him wherein of Earles Lords Knights and Gentlemen he reckoned about one hundred and twenty After this he willeth them to consider and tell him whether it were best to surprize the Queene or the Tower or both together and then what they should doe with the City But it seemed best to them all to surprize the Court and that after this manner S. C. Blunt with a choice company should seize on the Gate Dauis the Hall Danuers the great Chamber of the Guard where they sit seeing who is highest amongst them and also the Presence Chamber and then Essex should come out of the Mues with some choice company and hauing way made for him come humbly to the Queene and demaund that shee would remoue from her his potent aduersaries whom he had afterwards resolued as was by some of them confessed to cite to appeare before Iudgement and hauing assembled a Parliament to change the forme of gouernment in the State But whilest these Scottish â—mbassadours and a seasonable time for this matter were daily expected suspitions increased daily of him by reason of a continuall concourse of the Commonalty to Essex house vnder pretence of hearing Sermons as also by reason of some words that fell from one of their Preachers whereby he allowed that the great Magistrates of the Kingdome had power in necessity to restraine the Princes themselues Hereupon at small inckling of the matter on the seuenth of February came Robert Sackâ—ill the sonne of the Treasurer vnder pretence of an honourable visitation but indeed out of a desire of information by knowing who vsed to come thither and what they were Presently after that is Essex sent for to the Lord Treasurers house where the Councell met there to be admonished that he should moderately vse the benefit of his libertie and the very same day a litle note was put into his hands he knew not how wherin he was warned to looke to himselfe and provide for his owne safetie But the Earle fearing that somewhat had come to light and so hee might perchance be committed againe excused himselfe by reason of some distemper in his health that he could not come to the Councell And by this time his resolution which had beene foure moneths a digesting failed and he hasteneth againe to some new plot Wherefore hauing assembled his intimate friends againe and intimated to them that some of them would shortly be imprisoned he propounded to them whither it were best or no forthwith to seize vpon the Court or to try what the Citizens will doe for him and so by their helpe set vpon it or whither or no they had rather counsell him to fly and secure himselfe that way For the surprizing of the Court they were vnprouided of Souldiers and Engines and besides some affirmed that there had beene lately watch and ward duly kept there besides that to assault the Court was inexcusable treason against the Queene Whilest they were arguing about the loue of the Citizens and some obiected the vnstaâ—â—â— disposition of the common people behold one comes in as if sent from them that promised their vtmost endeauours against all their enemies Hereupon the Earle being somewhat cheerefull began to discourse how much hee was â—oued in the Citie by most that were much addicted to his â—ame and fortune which he beleeued absolutely to be true by reason of their continuall murmuring and crying out against his hated enemies Also by other mens speeches he was perswaded that Thomas Smith then Sheriffe of London who was then Captaine of a thousand trained Souldiers would be for him vpon all occasions Wherefore he was resolued by reason that such lingring is as dangerous commonly as rashnesse the next day which was Sunday to come through the Citie with two hundred of the nobler sort and so to passe to Pauls
of note wisheth it imputed to the fault of his memory not of his will The next day Sir Robert Vernon Sir William Constable Sir Edmund Baynham Iohn Littleton Henry Guffe Secretary to the E. of Essex and Cap. Whitlocke Iohn and Christopher Wright brothers and Orell an old Souldier were all arraigned Assoone as after the fashion they had held vp their hands the Queenes Letters came in who being informed by Sir Fulke Greuill that most of them were deceitfully enticed to this villany commanded that onely Littleton being sicke Bainham who ran headlong vpon the matter out of wantonnesse and contempt of the Magistrates and Orell should come to triall the rest she willed to be sent backe to prison againe Bainham and Orell pleaded ignorance in that they onely followed the Earle to testifie their obseruancy But Littleton being cast by the witnesse of Danuers who had brought him into the company could not denie but that he was there at their consultation Then in his accusation being accused of thinking some villany and sedition by reason of some Horses and Armour that he had in his Inne hee answered that his meanes would allow him to doe it and that he alwaies loued horses well Being condemned with the rest he said nothing but lifting vp his eies to Heauen Wee praise thee O God we knowledge thee to be the Lord. But yet all their liues were spared Bainham bought his of Rawleigh for money Littleton died very shortly by reason of his sicknesse Orell onely continued some time in prison The E. of Essex in the mean time whether or no out of his tender conscience voluntary or whether or no he were councelled into a conscience by the Minister that was with him was so molested that he was perswaded he should be vtterly damned if he concealed any of the truth and betrayed not all the conspirators Wherefore he requested to speake vnto some of the Councell and particularly Cecill who came to him with the Admirall Treasurer and Lord Keeper And first he asketh forgiuenesse of the Lord Keeper for keeping him in hold at his House and then of Cecill for traducing him in the case of the Infanta So that on both sides there was made a charitable and christian reconciliation And then he intimates vnto them that as long as he liued the Queene could not be safe Wherefore he desired to die priuately within the Tower Then he greatly condemneth some of his partakers in this matter for pernicious men viz. Blunt and Cuffe whom he desired to speake with And assoone as he saw Cuffe hee said O Cuffe aske God and the Queene pardon God grant thou maiest deserue it I am now wholly thinking vpon a better life hauing resolued to deale plainly before God and men neither can I choose but deale plainly with thee thou wert the first that brought'st me to this treachery Cuffe being examined vpon these words in some few words had a fling only at Essexes inconstancy for betraying his friends and then held his tongue Likewise Essex reueales Sir Henry Neuill not to be ignorant of this conspiracy who was now Leager in France and who thereupon returning about the confirming of the Treaty at Bloys and forbidding robberies on either side was at his returne committed to the Lord Admirals custody Likewise he reuealed some in Scotland France and the Low Countries and Lord Deputy Montioy in Ireland as no strangers to his resolution and besides many in England whom because they were so many and because the Deputy prospered so fortunately in Ireland the Queene tooke no notice of Neither was it sufficient enough for him as hee thought to declare these by word of mouth but also vnder his owne hand-writing which being afterwards shewed to the King of Scotland by his enemies lost him much of his credit The 25. of February which was allotted the time of his death there were sent vnto him early in the morning Thomas Montford and William Barlowe Doctors of Diuinity besides Ashton the Minister to confirme and strengthen his soule in her assurance of saluation The Earle before these gaue the Lord great thankes from the bottome of his heart that his purpose that was so dangerous to the Common-wealth tooke no effect That now God had enlightened him to see his sinnes it being to him a great cause now of his sorrow that he had so strongly defended his so vniust a cause Then he gaue hearty thankes to the Queene that she suffered him not to die publikely leâ—t that by the acclamation and noyse of the people his setled minde might haue beene drawne from it's resolution withall witnessing vnto them that now he had well learned what popularity and affectation of it were confessing that he ought indeed now to be spewed out for that was his word out of the Common-wealth by reason of his pernicious vndertakings which he compared to a Leprosie that had dispersed farre and neere and had infected many The Queene by reason of her good will alwaies to him somewhat now mooued in mind commanded that he should not die by Sir Edward Cary. But then on the other side weighing his contumacy and stubbornnesse that scorned to aske her pardon and that he had said that as long as he liued the Queene could not liue in safety she altered her resolution and by Darcy commanded the execution to proceed Wherefore on the same day was the Earle brought out betweene two Diuines vpon the scaffold in the Tower-yard where sate the Earles of Cumberland and Hartford Viscount Howard of Bindon the Lords Howard of Walden Darcy of Chile and Compton There were also present some of the Aldermen of London and some Knights and Sir Walter Rawleigh to no other end if we may beleeue him then to answere him if at his death he should chance to obiect any thing to him although many interpreted his being there to a worser sence as though he had done it onely to feed his eyes with his torments and to glut his hate with the Earles bloud wherefore being admonished that hee should not presse on him now he was dying which was the property of base wâ—â—de beasts he withdrew himselfe and looked out vpon him at the Armoury The Earle assoone as he had mounted the scaffold vncouereth his head lifting vp his eyes to Heauen confesseth that many grieuous were the sins of his youth for which he earnestly begged pardon of the eternall Maiesty of God through the mediation of Christ but especially for this his sinne which hee said was a bloudy crying and contagious sinne whereby so many men being seduced sinned both against God and their Prince Then he entreated the Queene to pardon him wishing her a long life and all prosperity Protesting he neuer meant ill towards Her He gaue God hearty thankes that he neuer was an Atheist or Papist but that alwaies he put his trust in Christs merits He beseâ—ched God to strengthen him against the terrours of
that Princes haue no Dominion ouer the Sea whiâ—h they can no more hinder men from then from the aire according to that of Antâ—ninâ—â— the Emperour I Truely am Lord of all the earth but the Law iâ— of the Sea Wherefore iâ—dge ye according to the Law of Rhodes Therefore is it not against the Law of Nations to vsurpe such authority ouer the Sea when Princes haue not any Iurisdiction vnlesse of the Sea adiacent to their coasts and that onely that saylings might be secured from Pyrates and enemies since that the Kings of England did neuer hinder sayling and fishing in the Irish Sea betweene England and Ireland although they were Lords of those shoares aswell as the King of Denmarke is of Norway and Island who vnder no other colour challengeth this right But yet if the Danes will exact tolls from the English for their passage the Queene might aswell exact as much of those Danes that saile within her Dominions Kingdomes or Islands Hereupon the Danes propounded that since their Kings Father allowed of their Nauigations which was very full of damage to him for the Queenes sake that now the Merchants of the English should redeeme the same for two hundred Rose Nobles yearely for the life time of the Queene That goods surprized on each side might be restored according to equity and honesty They grieuously complained then of the English Pirates requesting that although by reason of the heate of the war the Pirates insolency could not well be repressed yet that by seuerity of punishment they might be kept vnder a little or that otherwise they must allow of Arrests to repaire their iniuries and losses because it should principally concerne the King to see that his Subiects suffer no losses Lastly that the English ought not to complaine of their transporting warlike munition into Spaine by reason that they transport so little that the Spaniard was but little the better for it and might easily want for all their supply Now after that they had spent two moneths in these disputations by writings on both sides exhibited the Danes beyond all expectation certifie the English that they had no power to take notice of or to reforme the Leagues or taking away or lessening the tolls or of granting leaue for fishing in the Norway and Island Seas without the speciall licence of the King and some certaine conditions Withall which mooued much admiration they gaue warning to the English not to fish at the Island Ferâ—e vnder the paine whereby other fishings haue beene heretofore inhibited The English on the other side made protestation in expresse words concerning the nullity and inualidity of this Inhibition as also of any other declaration which should be made contrary to the League Lastly when they could no otherwise agree then to referre to the Princes on both sides what had beene done and what had beene gone through with and that the Danes had promised their diligence to intercede with the King for the publication of Tolls registred in a Booke whereby they might be certaine of measure number and waight and not feare to haue them altered according to the pleasure of the Toll-takers And that in case of confiscation those goods should be seized vpon and confiscated that were concealed and not named The Englishmen being content with these promises of the Danes the whole matter the right of the Queene and the Realme not any way infringed was suspended and prorogued till another time Whilest these things were in controuersie betweene both Princes the Ecclesiasticall Papists in England are together by the eares at home For the Iesuites against the Secular Priests with sharpe Pens and poisoned tongues and contumelious Bookes fought continually For they tooke it very heinously that Blackwell of Trinity College in Oxford sometimes fellow there who was altogether at Garnets beck the Generall of the Iesuites through England was now made their Arch-Priest insomuch that they much detracted from his authority Hereupon hee degraded them of their faculties and afterwards they appealing to the Pope of Rome he caused them in a Booke to be declared Schismatickes and Heretiques This aspersion they soone wiped off hauing the censure of the Vniâ—ersity at Paris approuing the same And setting forth Bookes vpon Bookes they highly commended the Queene in that from the very beginning of her raigne she had dealt with Catholiques very mercifully For first they shewed that in the first 11. yeares of her raigne there was not one brought in question of his life for matter of conscience or religion And that not for whole 10. yeares together after the Bull of Pius Quintuâ— published against her aboue 12. Priests were executed and that some of them were conuicted Traitors euen since the yeare 1580. when the Iesuites first crept ouer into England Then they shewed that their mischieuous practises against the Common-wealth had disturbed all and much empaired the Catholique religion and that they were the occasion of the seuere Lawes made against Catholiques Then they shewed that for all this in 10. yeares following there were but 50. Priests executed and that out of her mercy the Queene banished fiue and fifty more against whom she might haue proceeded Legally and executed them too Then they shewed that from that time there were Seminaries erected in Spaine at the care of Parsns an English Iesuite to entertaine English run-awayes in and how that from thence came yearely into England turbulent Priests How that Parsons incited the Spaniard to inuade England or Ireland againe that he confirmed the right of his Daughter to the Crowne of England in a Booke set forth to the same purpose and that an oath was exacted of all Students in the Seminaries to approue and maintaine the same Then they declared how that Holt of that society had suborned Hesket to a rebellion and enticed Câ—llin Yorke and Williams to kill the Queeneâ— and how that Walpole the Iesuite had perswaded Squire to make away the Queene by poison Insomuch that the Queene although she neuer loâ—ed to offer violence to the conscience yet could she not choose but vse necessary seuerity vpon these kinde of men vnlesse she would betray to her 〈◊〉 the safety and security of her own Realmes Then they abused Parsons whom they called Cowbucke for a bastard and one of the dregs of the Commonalty a fellow of a most seditious disposition a sycophant an Aequiuocator and one that would set Kingdomes to sale Then they much condemned these Libells of the Iesuites set out against the Queene of falsities accounting the Authours traitours both to God and the Queene And hauing discoursed and argued very solidly that the true Religion was to be propagated not by the sword but the spirit of meeknesse and mildnesse They concluded beseeching the English Papists not to send their children to the Iesuites Seminaries who vse in the very tendernesse of their yeares to infuse the poyson of Treason euen with their elements of Learning In the middest
disloyalty and treason that to encrease this great discontent in the Queene they would put in her head how that her authority grew weaker and weaker amongst the people when as onely the people alwaies enuying the command and authority of some great ones onely complained against the irregular power and might of some if not aboue yet growne as great as the Princesse her selfe Afterwards when the rumour began to be common that her sicknesse encreased and that she as alwayes heretofore she had done refused all Physicke It is impossible to belieue with what nimble hast the more zealous and Papisticall sorts and all ambitious kinde of men and flatterers euery man in conceit to perfect his own hopes posted night and day to Scotland both by Sea and Land to worship the rising King and to curry grace and fauour whose succession indeed the Queene although in policy she forbore in publique to speake of it yet in her heart she alwaies fauoured euen as all men of all sorts who had cast their affections and eyes vpon him the apparant Heire of the Crowne for all that false rumour of the marriage of the Lady Arabella the Daughter of his Vncle for all the French Ambassadour thought to hinder the vniting of both Kingdomes into one Dominion in one King About the beginning of March a kinde of numnesse and frowardnesse vsuall to olde age began continually to possesse her insomuch that she would sit and say nothing eate no meat and wholly giue her selfe to meditation being very impatient if any spake to her but the Archbishop of Canterbury with whom she vsed very often and very deuoutly to pray till such time as her speech failed her and after that she willingly heard him and within her heart prayed when she could not speake At which time the Lord Admirall telling the rest of the Councell what the Queene departing from Westminster spake by the way concerning her Successour it seemed good to them that he the Lord Keeper and the Secretary should goe to her and recall it to her minde againe signifying that the intent of their comming was to vnderstand her pleasure for her Successour The Queene almost out of winde made answere I haue said MY Throne is the Throne of Kings no ordinary man shall succeed me The Secretary asking what she meant by those words I Will said she that a King succeed me and what King but my neerest Kinsman the King of Scots Then being admonished by the Archbishop to haue her thoughts onely vpon God I Doe said she neither goeth my minde astray from him And when she could not vse her tongue as an Instrument of prayer with her hands and eyes she directed to God the deuotion of her heart praying euen in this that she seemed to grieue because she could not pray Shortly after vpon the 24. of March being the Eue of the Annunciation of the blessed Virgin Mary being the very same day whereon she was borne being called out of the prison of her flesh into her heauenly Country she quietly departed this life in that good manner of death as Augustus wished for himselfe being now in the fiue and fortieth yeare of her Raigne and of her age the seuentieth an age and a Raigne to which not any one King of England before her euer reached vnto The sad desire of her which her death bequeathed to all England was amply paralell'd with the hopes conceiued of the vertues of her famous Successor who within few houres after her death was with the acclamations and ioyfull shoutes of the people proclaimed King But yet let no obliuion euer rot the perpetuity of her fame and glory but let her liue in the very hearts of all true Englishmen and flourish in the happy memory of posterity Being that she was a Queene who hath so long and with so great wisedome gouerned her Kingdomes as to vse the words of her Successour who in sincerity confessed so much the like hath not beene read or heard of either in our time or since the daies of the Romane Emperour Augustus FINIS AN ALPHABETICALL INDEX OF THE CHIEFEST MEN OR MATTERS THAT ARE COMPREHENDED WITHIN THIS HISTORY A AGar Castle in Ireland taken by the Lord Deputy Page 376 Ainoth in Ireland fortified with a Garrison by Sir Henry Docwray 349 Aâ—len the Cardinall his acquaintance obiected to the Earle of Arundell 4. His mischieuous plots against the Kingdome 5. His Booke of admonitions 8. He had a hand in setting out the Booke of Titles fathered vpon Dolman 101. His death 113. He had the bringing vp of Sir Christopher Blunt afterwards beheaded in the cause of the Earle of Essex 318 Alane Fergant Earle of Britaine from whom the right of the Infanta to England should descend 101 Albert Cardinall of Austria married to Isabell the Daughter of Philip King of Spaine 225. He proposeth a peace betweene England and Spaine 269. His consecrated Sword ibid. He posteth to Newport 279. His proceeding there and ouerthrow 280. He besiegeth Ostend 339. He is deluded by Generall Vere about a truce 341 S. Alberts Fort yeelded vp to Count Maurice of Nassaw 278 Alenzon and his German Horsemen vanquished by the Duke of Guise 19 Alanzon recouered againe by the English for the King of France 24 Conde de Altemira intends to succour the Groine 13. But is preuented by Generall Norris ibid. America the expedition of Hawkins thither 110. Another of Captaine Hawkins and Sir Francis Drake 130. Sundry Townes taken there and fired 132 Anderson Lord chiefe Iustice of the Common Pleas angry at the arguing of the Recorder and Cuffe at his arraignment 331 Andrada assembles Forces at Puerte de Burgos 13 Andrew of Austria the Sonne of Ferdinand deales for a peace betweene England and Spaine 251 Anjou dies without issue 18. Leaues his Brother King ibid. The Earle of Anguish subscribes to Blankes to be sent to the King of Spaine 67. He is prosecuted by the King of Scots 80 Les Anglois a by-word vsed by the French to mocke the English with 36 The Prince of Anhault Generall of the German Forces 30 Anne the Daughter of Fredericke the second King of Denmarke betrothed to Iames King of Scotland 25 Antonio of Portugall his voyage thither with the English 11. The acclamations of the poore Portugesses at his entrance of the Suburbes of Lisbon 14. The richer sort will not reuolt to him 15. which makes the English depart for all his earnest entreaties 16 D'Aquila arriues with the Spanish Forces at Blawet 35. He was to succour Crodon the very same day it was taken 109 He arriueth with the Spanish Nauy at Kinsale Hauen in Ireland 352. He publisheth the reason of his comming thither 353. He is beset ibid He desires a parley 357. He is glad to depart Ireland againe vpon some conditions 358 Archer a Iesuite an Agent for the Rebels in Ireland 350 Arques battell where the King discomfited the Leaguers 23 Earle of Arroll an Agent in a mutiny in Scotland
2. He subscribes to Blanckes sent ouer to the King of Spaine 65. He is prosecuted by the King of Scots 80 Arthington a Disciple of Hackets 50. His prophesies dedicated to a Nobleman 5â— He is willed to annoint Hacket with the holy Ghost 52. He runs about the streets ibid. He is apprehended 53. He begins to repent and sets forth a a Booke to declare his follies and true conuersion from them 54 The Earle of Arundell arraigned at Westminster 3. The heads of his Inditement 4. His obseruation that none could be an absolute Papist but must needs be a Traitour 6. His answer for himselfe 7. He is found guilty 10. His life pardoned by the Queene ibid. His death afterwards in the Tower 140 The Admirall of Aragon taken prisoner at the battell of Newport 281 D'Aumale wounded at the same battell ibid. The Earle of Argile sent out against some Scottish Earles 99 Ashton a Minister and Chaplaine to the Earle of Essex requested to be still with him in the time of his imprisonment 321. He comes along with the Earle to the scaffold 324 Auerley a Riuer in Ireland 353 D'Aumont not yet come into Britaine 85. He deceiueth the English of their promise concerning Morlay 107. which the Queene taketh very ill 109. He is sent ouer with Marshall Birone into England 344. and honourably entertained at Basing ibid. B BAbington a Priest his confession vrged against the Earle of Arundell 6. The Queene of Scots commends the Earle of Arundell to him as the chiefe head of all the English Catholikes 7 Bagnall Marshall of the Irish Forces 93. Grudges betwixt him and Tirâ—Oen ibid. The reasons about the marriage of his Sister ibid. He accuseth Tir-Oen and preferreth articles against him 118 Ballemure the House of Feagh-Mac-Hugh 119. from whence the Lord Deputy driues him ibid. Baltimore lately possessed by the Spaniard at the arriuell of Iohn D' Aquila surrendred againe vnto the English 358 Bancroft Bishop of London sent by the Queene to Embden about a Treaty with the Danes 284. He effecteth nothing 285 Banton a place whether the English Merchants trauell 285 Bantre in Ireland rendred vp to the English 361 Sir Francis Barcley subdueth Glanemire in Ireland 269 Sir R. Barclay made keeper to the Earle of Essex 287 Sir Iohn Barclay Campe-Master in Ireland 356. He is slaine with a Bullet at Moher-lecow Fort. 376 Bainham one of the Earle of Essex complices arraigned 321. His plea of ignorance 322. His life bought for money of Sir Walter Rawleigh ibid. Bacons proceedings in the arraignment of the Earle of Essex 316 Barlow Doctor of Diuinity sent to the Earle of Essex the same morning that â—e suffered 324 Barneuelts Oration in the behalfe of the Low Countries 205 Barowes a Secretary hanged 79 Basing a place where the Queene vsed to lye in the Summer time 344 Sir Thomas Baskeruill made Colonell of the Forces that went into France 23 Beare in Ireland forsaken and left to the English 361 Bennet a Priest one of the witnesses against the Earle of Arundell 9 Bere-hauen that was lately gotten by the Spaniard surrendred againe vnto the English 358 Bertrand à Castro sets vpon Hawkins 111. Hawkins yeeldeth to him on conditions ibid. His honestie in endeauouring to haue him set at liberty ibid. Bingham President of Conaught 41. He vanquished Brian Ororke ibid. He was sent for ouer into England vpon the complaints of some of his Prouinces and committed 235. but afterwards sent thither againe with greater honour where he died presently after his arriuall ibid. Birone appointed by the King of France to helpe at the siege of Roan 47. He appeares not as expected ibid. He scoffes at the Earle of Essex for his religious manner of dying 325. He 's sent ouer to the Queene 344. His plots against the King ibid. He is beheaded 371 Blackwater assaulted and taken by Tir-Oen 142. He is remoued againe from it 348 Blackwell the Arch-Priest in England 368. The Secular Priests detract from his authority ibid. Bloise the King is compelled to retire from Paris thither 19. He causeth Guise then to be slaine 20 Sir Charles Blunt made Gouernour of Portsmouth 92. Afterwards Lord Montioy 117. He is thought vpon by the Queene as a fit man for to be Lord Deputy of Ireland 237. Essex puts him by it ibid. After Essex he is made Deputy of Ireland 255. See Montioy Sir Christopher Blunt disswades the Earle of Essex from comming ouer from Ireland with his Army 244. He admonisheth him to make his way to the Queene 296. His Office allotted him in assaulting the Court 301. Hee is arraigned 327. He requesteth to be beheaded 332. He suffereth vpon Tower-hill 334. His confession 335 Sir Thomas Bodley destinated by Essex for the Queenes Secretary 168. He is put by by Cecill ibid. His care in the affaires of the Low Countries 224. He restores the publike library at Oxford ibid. Sir Iosias Bodley his proceedings in Ireland 357 Bullen the place appointed by the King of France for a Treaty betwixt England and Spaine 263. The proceedings therein 265 c. It is dissolued 277 Cardinall Bourbon committed to prison 20. He is proclaimed King of France 22 Henry Bourbon Prince of Dumbare requesteth aide from England 35 Sir Iohn Borough Colonell of the English in France 23. He stayeth Sir William Drewry in a single combat 24. Hee persueth a Spanish Caracke 72 The Lord Borough sent Embassadour into Scotland 81. He is made Lord Deputy of Ireland in the roome of Russell 197 He dyeth shortly after 199 Bothwell an agent in the rebellion of Scotland 2. He assaults the Kings Court 63. His second assault 66. Hee lurketh in England 80. He is demanded of the Queene 82. Hee returnes and is pardoned 83. He rebelleth againe 97. His protestation published 98. He is put to flight 99 Sir Henry Bromley conueyed by boat to the Tower 309 Sir Calisthenes Brookes a commander in Ireland 232 I. Brose Duke of Estampes 35 Broughton slaine at the Battle at Ostend 343 Browne Viscount Montague his death 76 Buckhurst Delegate in the case of Sir Iohn Perot 67. He is made Lord high Steward of England for the hearing of the case of the Earle of Essex 311. Chancellour of Oxford 74 Bulles of the Pope sent into Scotland one to the Clergie and another to the Laity 285. Another sent into Ireland to encourage the Rebells and the forme of it 256 â—ulloine accused by Birone at the time of his execution 371. The King sends for him ibid. He refuseth to come 8. Appealeth to the Chamber at Castres ibid. The King complaines of him to the Queene ibid. Her answer 372. The French Kings reply 373 Burgesse a Priest Letters sent by him to Cardinall Allen 4. He confesseth the Earle of Arundell of his sinnes 6 Burghley one of the â—eeres of the Earle of Arundell 4. Deputed to the keeping of the great Seale 61. He lamenteth the cause of Sir Iohn Perot 68. He would not entertaine Don Antonio
Perez 106. He causeth the Queene to call in her monies from the States 133. His inclination to a peace with Spaine 217. His presage about the Earle of Essex 218 His death 220. The History of his life 221 Buzenuale sent ouer from France to the Queene 22. Monies lent the French King on his Bond. 30 C. CAhir Castle taken by the Earle of Essex before he dispatched into Vlster 240 Cardinall Caietans endeauours to promote the king of Spaines cause 24. His successe 25 Callice besieged by the Cardinall of Austria 156. It is taken ibid. the noise of the Ordnance heard to Greenwitch ibid. Canary in vaine attempted by Captaine Baskeuile 131 Chancellour of Scotland remoued from the Court by the meanes of Bothwell 83. Recalled againe ibid. Carackes espied by Borough 72. Fired ibid. Another called the Mother of God taken by the English 73. The value of the spoile ibid. Another assaulted in the Hauen of Cezimbra in Portugall 361. It yeelds vpon conditions 363 Carbery reduced into obedience by the two Harueyes Roger and Gawen 36â— Carboyle assaulted by the Duke of Parma by which meanes he relieueth Paris 34 Carew President of Mounster 268. His acts there 269. He surpriseth the titular Earle of Desmond and arraignes him 351. sends him ouer to England ibid. Carew's Embassy into Polony 191. The matter of it ibid. What he effected with them of Dantzicke 192. And with them of Elbing ibid. He refuseth to receiue Letters for the Queene because the superscription was not compleatly for her honour ibid. Carlile the famous Nauigator dyeth 92 Carigfoile yeelded vp to the English by the meanes of Carew 269 Carlingford slaughter where many Irish were slaine 259 Charles King of Sweden excuseth himselfe to the Queene about complaints of him 252 Carsey a Commander slaine in the skirmish at Portugall 15 Calcayes taken by the English 16 Casteele the antiquity of the Kingdome of it 263 Castillon in France taken by Sir Iohn Norris 45 Castell Rauen yeelded vp againe to the English 358 Cauendish his voyage to the Magellan streights 59. He dyeth ibid. Caudobec taken by the Duke of Parma 70 Charle-mont a Fort built in Ireland 375 Clan-Hattens the Family of them great friends to the Earle of Murray 66 Clement a Monke killeth Henry of France 21 Chattroe Gouernour of Deepe 45 Cherburgh a Port for the English Nauy to ride in 44 Clifford made Knight of the order of S. Michael by the King of France 112. His honour not approued at Rome 113 Cobham helpeth the Admirall to seize on Essex's garden 308 Compton dyeth 27. The Lord Compton besiegeth Essex house with others 308 Conde the Prince of Conde Heire to the Crowne of France 19 Counsellours shut vp in Essex house by the Earle 306. They are let out by Sir Ferdinando Gorge 307 Counstable accompanieth the Earle of Essex going to meet Tir-Oen at parley 242 Copinger a good Gentleman seduced by Hacket 51. He is bid by Arthington to annoint Hacket 52. apprehended 53. He starues himselfe in prison 54 Corke Hauen appointed for the Spaniard to enter at 351 Cowbucke the name of Parsons the Iesuite 369 Courtney a Family from whence Sir Charles Dauers comes 332 Croft Sir Iames Croft dyeth 39. Another wounded 356 Cromwell accompanieth the Earle of Essex through London 306 Creicton a Iesuite his practises in Scotland 1 Crodon assaulted by the English 108. Parades Gouernour thereof slaine 109. It is taken ibid. Crosse first comes aboord the Mother of God a Caracke 73 A piece of Christs Crosse kept in the Monastery of Typarara in Ireland 255 Cuffe bringeth letters from the E. of Essex to the Queen 242. The Earle intends to cashiere him 287. He vpbrayds to the Earle his puâ—illanimity 233. He aduiseth the Earle to breake but to a few 300. The Earle accuseth him much 323. He is arraigned 327. He defends himselfe 331. His execution and confession 333 Culline an Irish man hanged for being hired to kill the Queene 105 Cumberland three of his ships wait for a Spanish Caracke by the Island Flores 72. He proclaimeth the Earle of Essex Traitor 306. one of his Peeres 311 Custome-house farmed by Sir Thomas Smith 31. The rents raised ibid. from fourteene thousand pounds a yeare to fifty thousand by the meanes of one Caermardine ibid. D LOrd Dacâ—es his death 116 Danes treaty with the English about Merchandize 283. disagreements betweene them ibid. A treaty with them at Bremen 365. An Embassie thither 224 Danuers commeth ouer with the Earle of Essex from Ireland being not yet recouered of a wound he had receiued 244. He is made partaker of all their proceedings 300. The place in Court allotted for him to seize on ibid. He is arraigned 327. desireth to be beheaded 332. dieth 334 Darcy of the North one of the Peeres for the Earle of Arundell 4 Darcy of Chiche one of the Peeres of the Earle of Essex and Southampton 311 Dauis made priuie to the Earle of Essex plots 301. taunted for a Papist 329. he excuseth himselfe 330. he requesteth not to be quartered after his death 333 Dennis a Commander slaine at Ostend 343 Derry Castle in Ireland taken by Sir Henry Docwray 349 Derry fortified by Docwray and Capt. Morgan 258 Desmond Iames Fitz Thomas created by the Rebells Earle of Desmond 234. he receiuing honour from Tir-Oen 255. he is called the Titular Earle 269. he is persued ibid. he is taken 351. sent into England ibid. Docwray commeth ouer with the Earle of Essex from Ireland 245. he fortifies Derry 258. he takes Derry Castle 349. he is yet neglected and others preferred before him 376 Dolman a Booke set forth by Parsons and others about the right of the Spanish Infanta 101. Parsons excuseth it to the King of Scotland 103 Donegall Monastery taken 349. it is burnt 350 Donell Spaniah reduced into order by the English 268 Dorpe succeedeth Sir Francis Vere in the generall ship of the States Forces 343 Drake his expedition for Spaine 10. he is blamed 15. his expedition into America 130. he dieth 132 Drury slaine by Borough in a single combate 24 Sir Robert Drury helpeth Vere on his Horse when his owne was slaine 280 Dudley Earle of Warwicke dieth 37 Duke sent to relieue the Garrison at Ineskilline with prouision 117 Dumboy is possessed by Osuilliuant Beare 359. razed to the ground by the Lord Deputy ibid. Duncanon Hauen fortified by the Queene 29 E EAst Indie Company instituted 285 Edicts or Proclamations against transporting Corne to the French Leaguers 45. against transporting Corne into Spaine 59. against the Priests and Iesuites 60. about making of Ordnance none bigger then Minions 74. against transporting gold or siluer out of the Kingdome 255. against Iesuites 370 Edmonds the Queenes French Secretary 272. Delegated by the Queene to the treaty at Boloigne ibid. Earnest for the priority of the Queene 275. sent ouer into England ibid. returnes with new instructions from the Queene ibid. hee is sent ouer into France to congratulate the Kings
banisheth all the Hanse-Townes men out of London 191 Haruey knighted at Gadez 164. he lands with Rawleigh at Fayall 181 Hatton L. Chancellor of Engl. 60. the Papists commend him ibid. his death education parentage and preferment ibid. Harington receiueth an ouerthrow from the Rebels in Ireland 250 Hawkins his Nauigation to America 110. he râ—acheth the streights of Magellan ibid. he is taken prisoner and sent into Spaine 111. his second expedition 130. his death 131 Hay a Iesuite his practises in Scotland 1 Haywards booke of the life of Henry the fourth call'd in 332. exceptions taken at some words in the dedication ibid. he is imprisoned ibid. Heneage Chancellour of the Dutchy of Lancaster dieth 140. his daughter married to the Finches ibid. Henebon a Sea-town in France seized on by the Spaniard 35 Henry the third of France slaine by a Monke 21. Henry the fourth proclaimed King 22. the Queene aides him 23. conditions betweene them 44. he is reconciled to the Church of Rome 86. the Articles proposed to him by the Pope and his Conclaue of Cardinals 128. he recâ—uereth Amiens againe from the Spaniard 194 Henry la Tour Duke of Bouillon 170 Henry Prince of Scotland borne 103. christened by Queene Elizabeth ibid. Herbert sonne of the Earle of Worcester 162. afterwards knighted 164. Sir Iohn Herbert Secretary 365 Hesket condemned and executed for perswading the Earle of Darby to claime the Crowne of England 91 Heidon followeth Essex towards the Towne of Gadiz 162 Hill an Englishman sent ouer from the King of Swethland to excuse him to the Queene 252 Hobby Ancient at Cadiz 162 Holland Duke of Exeter 102 Holcot an English fugitiue and Iesuite 106 Holcroft a Commander in the battle at Newport 281 Hoâ—t a Iesuite promiseth forty thousand Crownes to kill the Queene 122 Honfleare reduced to obedience to the K. of France 24 Honorius the Emperour his obseruation 68 Honour conferred by a forreign Prince not to be admitted of at home 172. and 113 Howard would faine rescue Greenuill 57. made with Essex Generall of the Fleet for Gadiz 157. William sonne to the Admirall knighted 164. Howard of Walden called to the Parliament 197. Charles Howard Earle of Nottinghams declaration against the Earle of Essex in the Starre-Chamber 249 Horatio Pallauicine lends money to the Queene 30. it is demanded of the States to whom it was lent 133 Hulkes threescore taken by the English 16 Dauid Humes slaine by Bothwell 65 Humes remooued from the Court and the Lord Humes 83 Hunsdon delegated in the cause of Sir Iohn Perot 67. delegated betweene the French and the Queene 44. his death 175 Huntingdon Henry Hastings E. of Huntingdon dieth 17â— Huntley rebelleth in Scotland 2. the King persues him 3. makes him yeeld and pardons him ibid. he assaults the E. of Murray in his house 66. the E. of Murray is slaine and Huntley thereupon imprisoned ibid. he subscribes to Blanks sent ouer to the King of Spaine 67. is prosecuted by the K. of Scots 80. he flies ouer into France 100 Hutton remoued from the Bishopricke of Durham succeedeth Piers in the Archbishopricke of Yorke 114. he is made President of the Councell in the North. 176 Hugh Boy possesseth the Inheritance of S. Iohn Odogherty's sonne by the Deputies appointment 349 Hugh Roe-Mac-Mahon apprehended and hanged by the Lord Deputy Fitzwilliams 41. the reason ibid. Hugh Odonell escapeth out of prison 62. hee surprizeth Mont-Rosse Castle 93. he submitteth and giueth in Hostages 146. his complaints 148 Humphrey Duke of Gloucester first founder of the publique Library in Oxford 224 Hurst by the Sea side fortified 169 I IAckson a Commander â—laine in the assault of Crodon 108 Iames of Scotland the sixt writes his Booke of Basilicon-Doron 231. he marrieth Anne of Denmarke 25. â—he proclaimeth Bothwell traitor 64. his answer to the Queenes Embassadours 97. he prosecuteth the Papists 99. he is accused by Valentine Thomas at the time of his execution 228. Bookes written on his behalfe 229 Ibarra his treason against the Queene 104 Iersey Island fortified by the Queene 91 Iesuites banished by Proclamation and Secular Priests 370 Indy voyage by Lancaster 58 Infanta her right to the Crowne prooued by a Booke of Parsons the Iesuite 101 Ingratitude a sinne against the holy Ghost 207 Inglefield a Doctor had a hand in setting out Doleman 101 Ineskelline neere the lake Erne beset and taken by Dowdall 94. the English Garrison in it besieged by Mac-Guire and the English that came to helpe them vanquished 117. it is freed by the Deputy and a Garrison placed in it 119 Iohn Don Aquila arriueth with the Spaniards Forces at Blawet in France 35. he is made Gouernour of the Spanish Forces and arriues with them at Kinsale Hauen in Ireland 352. he desires a parley 357. Articles concerning yeelding to the English 358 Isabella Daughter to Philip King of Spaine espoused to the Cardinall of Austria 225 Iulians Fort well fortified with Ordnance 15 Iurisdiction of the Queene in spirituall matters impugned 54 maintained by her Lawyers 55 K KAkaze sent ouer by the King of Swethland to the Queene 84. his Embassie 85 Kerry Doctor of Law prepares to leaue Scotland 66. hee is stayed by the Scottish Ministers 67 Kildare an Irish Earle dyeth 199 Killegrew of Counsell to the Earle of Essex in France 46 Kinlosse sent an Embassadour to the Queene of England 337 Kinsale Hauen in Ireland possest by the Spaniards 352. yeelded againe by the Spaniards to the Deputy 358 Kerry the rebellion allaied there 360 Knight of Kirry sorely persecuted by Sir Charles Wilmot 360 Knolles the Lord Francis dyeth 175 L LAigny assaulted and ransackt by the D. of Parma 34 Lamballe in vaine assaulted by the English 45 Lambard Gouernour of the Garrison at Brenny 268 Lancaster his voyage to the East Indies 58 Lancerata taken by the Earle of Cumberland 226 Lanfranc a Mediatour for a peace between Spaine and England 251 Lasso taken in the battle at Newport 281 Latham a Commander helpes to assault Crodon 109 La ware restored to his ancient place in Parliament 196 Latware Doctor of Diuinity slaine 2â—9 Holy League in France 19. the summe of it ibid. Leaguers they cause a new Seale to be made 20. they are seconded by faire Parliaments 21. they are defeated at Arques 23 Lee apprehended about the priuy Chamber doore 310. hanged at Tiburne ibid. Lecalle the Mac-Genises expelled thence 348 Leicester a hinderer of Caermardine in the businesse of the Custome-house 31. the first that preferred Essex to the Queene 326 Leighton of Councell to the Earle of Essex in France 46 Leuison sent forth with eight of the Queenesâ—ships 361. he assaults a Caracke in Cezimbra Hauen 362. it yeelds vnto him 363 Libels made the case of Balenger about them 6 more against the Queene in Germany 84 Liffer Castle seized on by Sir Henry Docwray 268 Listwill Castle taken 269 Littleton one of the confederates of the E. of Essex 301. he is arraigned 321. he dieth
in prison 322 Lixnaw Castle in Ireland taken 269 Logh Reagh yeelded vp to the Lord Deputy 376 Lofthose Archbishop of Dublin 200 Londoners their care commended by the Queene 310 Lopez a lew his treason against the Queene 103. his confession and execution 104 Louell Viscount Louell 346 Lodowike Nassaw hath a troupe of Horse committed to him at Newport battle 279 Lour yeelded vp to the King of France 24 Lumley Lord Lumley one of the Peeres of the Earle of Essex 311 M MAc-Baron vseth meanes for Tir-Oen to obtaine the Queenes mercy 378 Mac-Carty continueth still loyall 351 Mac-Conell giue caution for their loyalty 42 Mac-Cowley parlieth with the Earle of Essex 242 Mac-Dauy his complaints what they were 92 Mac-Genises expelled out of Lecalle 348 Mac-Guire rebelleth 93. layes siege at Monaghan Castle 119. commeth with Tir-Oen to parley with the Earle of Essex 242. is slaine by Warham St. Leger 255 Mac-Mahons a great house in Ireland 41 Mac-Phelim his câ—mplaints what they were 149 Mac-Swine Fanagh assaulted by Sir Henry Docwray 349 Madeson a worthy Commander at the battle of Ostend 343 Magellan streights Hawkins the sixt that euer reacht them 110 Mayne made Lieutenant of the Crowne of France 22. he marcheth against the King ibid. Maitland Chancellour of Scotland 2 Isle of Man a contention about it 115 Marre Earle of Marre Embassadour from the King of Scotland 337 Masse of the holy Ghost said for the prosperity of the Spanish Nauy 4 and 8. Maurice of Nassaw Generall of the Forces of the States of Holland 278. his proceedings at the battle of Newport 280 Medkercke a Low Country man Colonell 13 Meilery Creah Archbishop of Casseiles 62 Meluill comes to demand Bothwell of the Queene 82 Mendoza an Agent with the Leaguers for the Protectorship of the King of Spaine of all France 24 Merceur his pretended right to the Dutchy of Britaine 35 Merchants traffique forbid in Germany 190 Their couetousnesse forbid by Proclamation 74 Mericke one of Essex his retainers 181. he incenseth the E. of Essex against Sir W. Rawleigh 182. knighted at Cales voyage 164. he entertaines all manner of people into Essex house 296. he is arraigned 327. his execution at Tiburne 334 Metz formerly annexed to the Empire of Germany 36 Milford hauen fortified by the Queene 29 Mildmay dyeth 26. Founder of Emanuel College in Cambridge 27. Antony Mildmay Leaguer in France 171. his eager expostulation with the King 194 Ministers of Scotland their zeale in case of religion 66 Minshaw a Commander in the Irish warres 356 Moherlecow yeelded to the Deputy 376 Moghery the Passe of Moghery 259 Money changed in Ireland 348 Mont-Martine sent with an Army from the Pope against the King of France 44 Mont-Pensier appointed to besiege Roan 47 Monopolies restrained by act of Parliament 345. the Queenes speech in behalfe of them ibid. Mother of God the name of a Caracke 72 Morley yeelded to the King of France 107 Morley Lord Morley one of the Peeres of the Earle of Arundel 4 Morney du Plessis sent ouer to the Queene 48 Mortimers Earles of March their possessions in Ireland 92 Moro giueth to Lopez a pretious Iewell to poison the Queene 104 Motteé assaulteth Ostend in vaine 340 Mouie sent ouer to the Queene 89 Mounson his expedition to the Spanish coasts 361. his successes 363 c. N NAuarre excluded by the Leaguers from succeeding in the Kingdome of France 19 Neale Garue a friend to the English 376 Neuill called into question and committed 336 Newnham Castle taken by the Archduke 158 New-Castle taken by the Duke of Parma 70 New-Hauen to be brought to subiection 46 Newport battle and the manner of it 278 Newton a house of the E. of Huntly demolished 100 No-cle the French Kings Embassador Ordinary in England 44. sent with Letters to the Queene 48. Delegated for the King 70 Nombre de dios taken and burnt by the Englishmen 132 Norfolke the title of Philip Duke of Norfolke obiected against the Earle of Arundel 8 Norris his expedition for Spaine 10. vndermines the high Tower 12. meeteth the Forces of the Spaniard 13. driues them backe ibid. marcheth to Lisbon 14. he is sent ouer into France 45. he is recalled home againe 85. he is againe sent ouer into France 107. recalled againe 109. sent ouer into Ireland 141. he is too much addicted to Tir-Oen 144. he parlies with him 145. Tir-Oen makes a counterfeit submission to him ib. deluded by Tir-Oen 152. his death 198 North one of the Peerles of the E. of Arundel 4 Nottingham made Lord Admirall 187 La-Noue dieth of a wound at the siege of Lamballe 45 Nowel Deane of Pauls dieth 374 O O-Brien his complaints and what they were 92 Ocean a discourse about the freenesse of it for all Passengers The nature of the British Ocean O-conor Dun his complaints what they were 92 O-Dogherty dyeth 349 O-Donell his mutinies in Ireland 62. he surprizeth Montrosse Castle 93. he submitteth 146. he is put to flight 356. he flies into Spaine 357 Oâ—hanlon Standerd-bearer to the King in Vlster 268 O-Hegan made Bishop of Rosse by the Pope 360. he is slaine in battle 361 Oâ—maden an Irish rebell besieged by the Deputy 152 Oâ—my the Country laid waste by the English 128 D-Onaw Gouernour of the German forces 19 O-Neale Garue a faithfull friend of the English for all his seruice neglected 376 Oâ—Quine one of them that parlies with the E. of Essex 242 O-rals Rebels in Brenny 150 Order of sitting amongst the Delegates for Engl. and Spaine 274 Oroughan an Irish Priest whose life Sir Iohn Rewet before had pardoned an Informer against Sir Iohn 68 Ororke rebelleth 41. sent into England by the King of Scots 42. is arraigned at Westminster-Hall 61. executed at Tiburne 62 Ostend the description of it 340 Osuilliuant Beare seizeth vpon Dunboy Castle 349 O-Tooles tumultuary kindred giue in Hâ—stages 268 Ouerall Deane of Paules 375 Ouington one that parlies with the E. of Essex 242 Ouny-Mac-Rory-Og-O-More is slaine 258 Oxford visited by the Queene in her Progresâ—e 74. the summe of her speech at her departure ibid. P PAget dieth at Brussels 27 Palmer surprizeth thirteene ships returning from Noua Francia 45 Panama determined to be seiz'd on by Sir W. Rawleigh 71. the voyâ—age of the English thither 132 Paris the Kings Court there rob'd 20. it yeelds vp to the King 107 Parliament at Paris causeth the Popes Bull to be hung on a gibbet 45 A Parliament assembled 77. another assembled 195. another at Westminster 344 Count Palatines who boast themselues to be 174 Parma the Earle of Arundel intended to serue vnder him 8. he entreth France 34. he takes New-Castle 70. and Caudebec ibid. he dieth 71 Papists banished the Realme in Scotland 99 Peace with the Spaniard proposed 210. argued for 211. against 213 Peniche in Portugall taken by the English 14 Pembroke the Earle dieth 346 Perez the Spaniards Secretary lurkes in England 106. he is entertained by the Earle of Essex who
of Ostend 340. his successe there 342 Vendosme taken by the English 24 Verdune heretofore belonging to the Empire of Germany 36 Veruins the Treaty there 208 Saint Victors in Paris 23 Vigo a Towne fired by the English 16 Villa-Franca taken by tâ—e English 185 Villars Gouernour of Roan challenged to a single combate by the Earle of Essex 69 Vitruvius his obseruation about diseases in Armies 17 Vmpton the Queenes Leaguer in France 127. he dyeth there 171 Vniuersity founded by the Queene at Dublin 62 W WAlton bringeth in euidence against Sir Iohn Perot 68 Wallop Treasurer of the Army in Ireland 142 Walsingham a hinderer of Caermardine in the businesse of the Custome-House 31. he dyeth 37 Warwicke dieth 37 Weston a Priest alias Burgesse 4 Wentworth Lord Wentworth dyeth 40. another Lord Wentworth dyeth 92 Willoughby sent ouer into France with Forces to aide the King 23. sometimes Gouernour of Normandy 24 Wilford one of the Colonels of the English in France 23 Wingfield Gouernour of Geertrudenbergh 11. hee assaults the base Towne at Groine 12. dyeth 108 Wilkes sent Embassadour into France 86. he dieth in France 203 Westmerland a factious Earle 42 Wiginton a Minister one of Hackets confederates 49 Whitaker of Cambridge dyeth 140 Williams passeth ouer to Deepe with 600. English 45. his braue behauiour in France ibid. his challenge ibid. his commendations to the Queene 70 Wilmot made President of Corke 352 Williams sometimes Secretary to Sir Iohn Perot one of his chiefe accusers and informers 68 Williams a Traitour apprehended 105. executed 122 Wolley dâ—legated in the cause of Sir Iohn Perot 67 Worthington a fugitue Diuine 106 Whitfield Chancellour of Denmarke his Embasie into England 193. Delegated by the King to Embden 284 Wray Lord chiefe Iustice dyeth 76 Warham St. Leiger slayeth Mac-Guire 255 Walpole maketh Squire vndertake to poison the Queene 227. he is accused for it by Squire at his execution 228. he writeth a booke wherein he for sweares the matter ibid. Y YAxley A famous Commander in the battaile of New-port 281 Yorke sent ouer to the King of France 43 Yurie in France the Leaguers discomfited there 34 Yuecot in France the Leaguers there discomfited 76 Yorke a Traitour apprehended 105. he is executed 122 Z ZAnziber the place where Lancaster wintered 59 Zeile thither came Lancaster also ibid. Zelanders the Queene offended with them and wherefore 32 Zouch sâ—nt Embassadour into Scotland 96 Zutphen Fort recouered by Sir Francis Vere 168 FINIS AN APPENDIX CONTAINING ANIMADVERSIONS VPON SEVERALL PASSAGES CORRECTIONS OF sundry errours and Additions of some remarkable matters of the History neuer yet imprinted RObert Bruce a Priest Whether or no hee were a Priest is somewhat vncertain but which giues some probability to the matter certaine it is hee had his education vnder the Iesuites beyond Sea and the occasion of his comming to Scotland was in this wise Philip King of Spaine presently after the death of Mary Queene of Scots in England willed the Duke of Parma the Gouernour of his Forces in the Low Countries in his name to promise to the King of Scots both money and munition good store if so be he would attempt the Queene of England and her Dominions to reuenge the death of his Mother the Queene of Scots The Duke of Parma to effectâ— this businesse sends ouer this Robert Bruce or Brusse a Scottish man by birth and of a Noble Family with great summes of monies the better to quicken his purposes It chanced that at the very same time by the appointment of Sixtus Quintus Bishop of Rome the Bishop of Dublin also was dispatched ouer thither to promise to the King of Scots the Infanta of Spaine in marriage if so be he would but change his Religion and turne Catholique But the Bishop by reason of the faithfull loyalty and industry of the Chancellour Metellan to whom the King owed the preseruation of himselfe and Kingdome from destruction being frustrated of his hopes returned home againe with little thankes for his labour Amongst those whom he retained at the time of his comming ouer was one William Creicton a Iesuite and a Scottish man too who had heretofore beene Rector of the College of the Iesuites at Leiden who seeing his Bishop come short of his expectation determined to stay behinde himselfe to see what hee could doe with some of his friends there The first whom euer he broke withall concerning his minde was this Robert Brusse whom he would faine haue perswaded to haue murthered the Chancellour of Scotland who as he said alone nullified and dispersed all their plots and machinations Brusse being startled with the horrour of so â—oule a deed absolutely denied to consent thereunto as a cruell and vnconscionable demand Afterwards the King and the Chancellour both being inuited to a Banquet by a Nobleman of Scotland but much addicted to the Romish Religion this same Creicton assailes Robert Brusse againe that if so be he himselfe would not doe the businesse he would giue him some of the Duke of Parma's money to giue to the Nobleman where the Banquet was to tempt him to the fact But Brusse also denied that alleaging that he had other businesse to doe there with the monies and also that if it should be done it would be a great scandall and disgrace to them and occasion of their greater feare After many other passages the Iesuite Creicton at last was very instant with the said Brusse if so be hee would haue no hand in the businesse to deliuer to him the fifteene hundred Crownes which hee receiued of the Duke of Parma to distribute amongst three of the Scottish Nobility that should vndertake and effect the businesse by which meanes all scandall and feare should be remooued from them as hauing nothing to doe in so foule a murther But Brusse was very loath also to condiscend euen to that esteeming it an equall â—inne to commit one or hire another to a murther Insomuch that at last after the death of the Duke of Parma He accused this Brusse for a Traitour because indeed hee would not commit treason whereupon poore Brusse was imprisoned for fourteene moneths and had much adoâ— aâ— last to regaine his liberty They that desire information in more particular circumstances may aduice with Lodouicus Lucius where they may haue the story at large in these words dilated on Rex Hispaniarum Philippus haud diiâ— post mortem Mariae Regiâ—â— Scotorum Duci Parmensi Gubernatori suo in Belgio mandâ—rat vt suo nomine Regi Iacobo Scotiae pecunias exercitum adversus Reginâ—m Angliae promittereâ— quo facilius Matris mortem ulciâ—ei possâ—â— â—â de causâ Parmensis Nobilem Scotum Robertum de Brusse qui â— iuventute apud Iesuit as educatus fuerat in Scotiam multa cum pecunia ablegauit Eodem tempore advenit etiam in Scotiam jussu Sixâ—i Quinâ—i Ponâ—â—â—ieis is Romani Dublini Episcopus qui Infantem Hispanicam Scotiae Regi in matrimonium offerret
of being impudently vnmannerly who finding his Arme stronger then his Cause pull'd the Embassador of the King of England out of his seat which he had taken on the right hand of him and there far himselfe as Embassadour of Casteele Nam cum Henrici Regis Angliae Legatus saith he dexteram occupasset suâ validâ dextrâ eum à loco divulsum dejecit ibidemque ut Legatus Castellae sedit ut rem gestam etiam memoriae prodidit Ferdinandus Pulgar cap. 8 Illustrium virorum Valdesius de dignit Hispaniae in prooemio pag. 14. Pag. 371. Lin. 23. By appealing to the Court of warre Although in rendring the Latine words after this manner I followed the aduice of so discreet a iudgement that I might almost better errare with it then with another benè sentire yet hauing vpon stricter examination found that the words beare another Translation I shall willingly acquaint the Reader also with it It seemes the words ad Cameram Castrensem should not haue beene translated to the Court of Warre as they are in the body of this History but they should be rendred thus to the Chamber at Castres as appeares by part of a Letter sent by the Duke of Bouillon to the King in this businesse which I found thus translated I Most humbly beseech your Maiesty to send my Accusers and my Accusations thinking the imputation which is laid vpon me heauy and the time tedious vntill your Maiesty may be fully satisfied of mine innocency For the speedy effecting whereof I will attend at Castres the iustification of my Fault or Innocency iudging that the time which I should haue spent in going to your Maiesty would haue but prolonged the affliction of my soule remayning accused seeing that your Maiesty was to send me backe to the Chambers to condemne or absolue me being the Iudges which your Edict hath giuen me That it would therefore please you to relieue my minde speedily in giuing me the meanes to make my innocency knowne and that by this proofe you may rest assured of my faithfull seruice and I of your fauour the which shall be aboue all things desired of your most humble most obedient and most faithfull Subiect and Seruant Henry de la Toure Pag. 379. Lin 8. I acknowledge and aske pardon This is not Tir-Oens submission verbatim collected neither was it done as it is here specified before the death of the Queene For the Queene dying on the 24. of March the Lord Deputy Montioy vnderstood thereof not till the seuen and twentieth So vpon the 28. day the Lord Deputy being at Mellifant wrote to Sir William Godolphin to cause Tir-Oen to dispatch his comming to submit himselfe which he presently did hauing met Tir-Oen on the 29. of March at Toker some fiue miles beyond Dunganon On the 30. of March Tir-Oen and all of them came to Mellifant in the afternoone where Tir-Oen admitted into the Lord Deputies Chamber submitted himselfe vnto him but the next day signed this submission following with his own hand and deliuered it vp to the Lord Deputy The forme was thus I Hugh O-Neale by the Queene of England France and Ireland her most gratious fauour created Earle of Tir-Oen doe with all true and humble penitency prostrate my selfe at her Royall â—eet and absolutely submit my selfe vnto her mercy most sorrowfully imploring her gratious commiseration and appealing onely to her Princely clemency without presuming to iustifie my vnloyall proceedings against her sacred Maiesâ—y onely most sorrowfully and earnestly desiring that it may please her Maiesty rather in some measure to â—itigate her iust indignation against me in that I doe religiously vow that the first motiues of my vnnaturall rebellion were neither practise malice or ambition but that I was induced first by feare of my life which I conceiued was sought by my enemies practise to stand vpon my guard and afterwards most vnhappily led to make good that fault with more hainous offences which in themselues I doe acknowledge deserue no forgiuenesse and that it is impossible for me in respect of their greatnesse in any proportion euen with my life to make satisfaction I doe most humbly desire her Maiesty to pardon them that as I haue already beene a sufficient argument of her Royall power hauing little left but my life to preserue it selfe so that it may now please her Maiesty to make me an example of her Princely clemency the chiefest ornament of her high dignity And that I may bee the better able hereafter with the vttermost seruice of my life to redeeme the foulnesse of my faults I do most humbly sue vnto her Maiesty that she will vouchsafe to restore me to my former dignity and liuing in which estate of a Subiect I doe most religiously vow to continue for euer here after loyall in all true obedience to her Royall Person Crowne Prerogatiue and Lawes and to be in all things as farre and as dutifully conformable thereunto as I or any other Noble man of this Realme is bound by the duty of a Subiect to his Soueraigne or by the Lawes of this Realme vtterly renouncing and abiuring the Name and Title of O-Neale or any other authority or claime which hath not beene granted or confirmed vnto me by her Maiesty and that otherwise by the Lawes of this Realme I may not pretend iust interest vnto And I doe religiously sweare to performe so much as is aboue mentioned and the rest of these Articles subscribed by my owne hand as farre as shall any way be in my power and to deliuer such pledges for the performance thereof as shall be nominated vnto me by the Lord Deputy I doe renounce and abiure all forreigne power whatsoeuer and all kinde of dependancy vpon any other Potentate but her Maiesty the Queen of England France and Ireland and doe vow to serue her faithfully against any forreign power inuading her kingdomes and to discouer truly any practises that I doe or shall know against her Royall person or Crownes and namely and especially I doe abiure and renounce all manner of dependancy vpon the King or State of Spaine or Treaty with him or any of his forces or confederates and shall be ready with the vttermost of my ability to serue her Maiesty against him or any of his forces or confederates I doe absolutely renounce all challenge or intermedling with the Vriaghts or fostering with them or other neighbour Lords or Gentlemen out of my Countrey or exacting any Blacke Rents of any Vriaghts or bordering Lords I doe resigne all claime and title to any Lands but such as shall now be granted vnto me by her Maiesties Letters Patents Lastly as the onely being a Subiect doth include all the duties of a Subiect so will I be content to be informed here and aduised by her Magistrates and will be conformable and assisting vnto them in any thing that may tend to the aduancement of her seruice and the peaceable gouernment of this Kingdome as namely for the
Fourbisher slaine Norris recalled Hawkins his Nauigation He reacheth the Magellan streights Hee is assaulted Yeeldeth vpon condition He is sent prisoner into Spaine Set at liberty Lancasters voyage Honour conferred by a forrâ—igne Prince not to be admitted at home The death of Cardinall Alan And of Doctor Piers Archbishop of Yorke And of the Earle of Derby A contention about the lsle of Man And of the L. Dacres The death of the L Euers And the L. Chandos And the Lord Montioy Sir William Russell Lord Deputy in Ireland Tir-Oen submitteth to him He is accused by Bagâ—all But yet dismissed The Deputy prosecuteth the Rebels Tir-Oen bewrayeth his rebellious humours 1595 The King of Scotlands prouision against the Spaniard Yorke and Williams hanged Warre proclaimed in France against the Spaniard The warre growes hot Aide from England The Queenes prouision against the Spaniard More aide required from England She acquitteth herselfe of scandalouâ— imputations about the taking of Cambray The King of France perswaded to and disswaded from a Peace with the Spaniard Conditions proposed to the King of France by the Pope and his Conclaue of Cardinals Cornwall inuaded by the the Spaniard Rawleighs voyage to Guiana An expedition into America The voyagâ— to Porto Rico. Rio de la Hach fired And other little townes Their voyage towards Panama And to Scudo The Death of Sir Francis Drake The Nauy returneth home A distast betweene the Queene and the States of the Low Countries The reason of it Sir Thomas Bodley sent ouer His message The answer of the Stateâ— Some monies offered in part of paiment The Queene requireth more Great debating about the matter Conditioâ—s proposed by the States to the Queene The complaints of the Hans-townes to the Emperour against the Queene The Queenes answer The death of the Earle of Arundell And of the L. Vaulx And Sir Th. Heneage And of Doct. Whitaker S. Iohn Norris sent into Ireland Tir-Oen taketh Blacke-water Tir-Oen proclaimed Traitor The strength of the Rebels in Ireland Norris sets forwards towards Tir-Oen And the L. Deputy ioyneth with him Tir-Oen lurketh Norris seemeth too much to fauour Tir-Oen He parlieth with him Tir-Oens coâ—â—terfeit submission â—o Norris And O donells A Truce made And Feagh Mac-Hugh The danger of the Truce 1596 Wâ—llop and Gardiner sent ouer to parley with the Rebells The complaints of Tir-Oen O donels complaints Tir-Oens dissimulation layd open Feagh Mac-Hugh slaine Callis assaulted And takâ—n Queene Elizabeths praiâ—r for the Nauiâ— The Fleet weighs anchor Towards Cadiz The Nauie arriues at Cadiz The Gallies withdraw themselues The Souldiers are set on shore The bridge Suaco is broken downe The sâ—ips are burned Kâ—ights made They consult what is to be doâ—â— Pharâ— They come to Groyne They return How glorious this victory was to the English How profitable How hâ—rtfull to the Spaniard Sir Francis Vere made Gouernour of the Brill Sir Thomas Bodley is appointed Secretary The Spaniard armes a Fleet for England A great part of which was cast way Elizabeth fortifies the the shoare Enters into league with the French They both sweare to performe the league The King of France made Knight of the Garter Counterfeit Pursuivants and Apparitors are punished Thomas Arundell Count of the Sacred Empire Whether a subiect be to admit of the honour that is conferd on him by a forreine Prince Such honours not to be admitted Counts and Vicounts such as some officers in the Court of Rome Count Palatines The Queenes iudgement in this question The death of Iohn Puckering Of Richard Fletcher Bishop of London Of the Lord Hunsdon Of Francis Knolles â—f the Earle of Huntingdâ—n And of the Countesse of Darby 1597 The battle at Tournholt Rawleigh is receiued into fauour Gratiosa and Flores yeeld to Essex Villa Franca is taken A Caraque is burnt The English fleet returneth The Spanish Nauy is dispersed Contention growes betwixt Essex Rawleigh And betwixt Essex and Robert Cecill Essex is angry at the titles giuen to the Admirall Essex is made Earle 〈◊〉 Englâ—â—d An Embassadour froâ— Poland His Oration to the Queen The Queenes answer He is answered of her Counsellours The Merchants Aduenturers are forbidden trade in Germany And the Hans-Towns in England The Embassie of Sir George Carew into Poland Gedanenses What he effected with the Pâ—lacke And those of Elbing An Embassadour from the King of Denmarke The King of France requires succour from Elizabeth He takes again Amiâ—ns The Spaniard inclines to peacâ— A Parliament The Lord Laâ—ware is restored to his old place Thomas L. Howard of Walden The death of the Lord Cobham And William Powlet The L. Burrough made Deputy of Ireland Norris dieth The Deputy winnes the Fort at Black-water The Earle of Kildare dieth The Rebels besiege the Fort at Black-water The Deputy dyeth Iusticiars appointed in Ireland Tir-Oen presents his grieuances to Orâ—â—nd 1598 The King of France would mediate peace betweene the Queene and the Spaniard Embassadors sent about this businesse The King of France speakes to them The reply of the King Expostulations betweene the King and the Queene Barneuelts Oration A difference betweene Cecill and the French men The King of France stands stoâ—tly for the Queene The treaty at Vâ—râ—ins The order of the session amongst the Delegates The French haue a respect of the Queene The Elogie of Henry the 4 out of Ianine The Queene hath a carâ— of her owne estate A disceptation of peace with the Spaniard For peace Against the peace The reply for the peace Burghley for the peace Essex against the peace Essex writes his Apologie Coâ—tention betweene Essex and the Queene He beares himselfe towards her with too little reuerence He answers with indignation to this counsell Cecill Lord Burghley dies the 4. of August in the 77. yeare of his age His Natiuity and kindred Education Master of Requests Secretary to K. Edward He betakes himself to the seruice of Elizabeth He is made Baron and Trâ—asurer of England 1571. and Knight of the Garter 1584. His Issue A new agreement with the States Bodleyes Library Contention betweene the Danes and the English Philip King of Spaine died in the seuenty first yeare of his age The three keyes of the Spanish Empire The Earle of Cumberland returned into England Hee tooke Porto Rico. Râ—mors scattered against the King of Scots By Valentiâ—e Thomas The Queenes admonition to Thomas Bookes written on the King of Scots behalfe Basilicon doron The Queenes affection towards good studies The death of Thomas Stapleton Of Ri. Cosin Of Eâ—mund Spencer The Fort of Black-water besieged The English come by the worst The Fort yeelded vp Mounster reuolts 1599 Protections hurtfull to the common-wealth Mounster spoiled by the Rebels Tir-Oen brags of his victories Richard Bingham sent into Ireland He died presently after his arriuall 1599 Consultation about choosing a L. Deputie of Ireland Essex closely begs it He was made L. Deputie His Army is allotted His Commission The Earle of Essex goes into Ireland He marches
to Mounster against some petâ—y rebells neglecting his Commission Tir Oen and and Essex talk together Tir-Oen desireth to haue conference againe with Essex A truce made for sixe weekes The Queene is angry with the L. Deputy She writes backe to him The Deputy much discontented at the Queenes letters He plots secretly to take some indirect course An army of 6000 choice footmen mustered in London Essex vnlookt for returnes to England He comes and kneeles before the Queene He is committed to custody He remoues the suspitions conceiued by his returne When some would haue freed him out of custody by force hee would not Tir-Oen breakes the truce Tir-Oen beares himselfe very proudly A Feather oâ— a Phoenix sent to Tir-Oen from the Pope The Keeper of the Seale layes open the Earle of Essex his crimes The L. Treasurer layes them open And the L. Admirall And Secretary Cecill The Earle of Essex wholly denoted to pious meditations A peace with Spaine propounded The Spanish Gallies arriued at Flanders Charles K. of Swethland sends to excâ—se himselfe to the Queen Richard Hooker died this yeare 1600. Doubtfull law titles confirmed A proclamation that no gold nor siluer should be carried out of the Kingdome Vide Carlet p. 192. Tir-Oen confers honours on his followers Mac-Guyr and Warham of S. Leger are slaine Montioy arriued in Ireland The Pope of Rome encourageth the rebels by his Indulgence Essex most desirous to set vpoÌ„ Tir-Oen Tir-Oen preuents him He sends a Garrison to Vlster Derry is fortified Tir-Oen repulsed O-more is slaine The Earle of Essex sets forward again towards Vlster He breakes through many difficultis Mont-Norris Fort. Docwray chaseth the Rebels Essex restraines the fury of the rebels in Lagene He returnes to Vlster The Exploits of George Carew A new proposition concerning a peace to be made with Spaine Vpon what hopes this peace was propoâ—nded gathered out of a confeâ—ence held at Rome Boullâ—n or Bullen A treatie made at Bononia Obseruations of the precedency of England Spain Out of Volateran The Peores designed for the Queenes partie The instructions of the English Exceptions in the Commissions of the delegates on both sides The title Illustrious The English challenge the first place The Spanish will not yeeld them a place equall with them New instructions to the English from the Queene The Treaty is dissolued The skirmish at New-port Contentions betwixt the English and French about prizes Contentions with the Danes concerning traffique The East India company instituted Two Breues sent priâ—ily by the Pope of Rome against the King of Scots next heire to the Kingdome of England The treacherous plots of Earle Gowries Sons against him Great complaint in England for the scarcity of Corne. The Earle of Essex begins to repent him of his former purposes and actions Essex is commanded to his own house His appearance befoâ—e the Lords Commissioners The Earle makes answer for himselfe The L. Keeper interrupts his answer The hopes of his liberty gathered from the Queenes naturall inclination to pitty Next from tâ—e noblenesse and vertuous disposition of the Earle Thirdly from the diuers intents of his very aduersarins Considerations in what course of life the Earle 〈◊〉 best to imploy himsâ—â—fe The great humility of the Earle Cuffe railes at the Earle The Earles message to the Queene The Queens answer Cuffe againe intertained by the Earle The Earle is deafe to Cuffes bad counsell The Queene will not yeeld to Essex his petitions The Earle is much disconted at his deniall He hearkens to bad counsailes 1601 Embassadors from Mauritania and Russia Diuers Princes resorted to visit the Queene * I did purposely omit the genuine translation of these words because I vnderstand they were interserted since the body of this History was composed as may be seene in the Manuscript of M. Cambden himselfe which is now in the hands of that famous and worthy Scholler M. Iohn Selden Suspition daily increased of Essex his loyalty He plots new matters A great multitude assembled at Essex his house The Lords of the Priuie Councell sent to the Earle of Essex Essex his complaint The clamâ—ur of the multitude Essex enters London He is proclaimed Traitour The Earle thinkes of returning home againe Gorge sets the Councellours free that the Earle had lockt into a roome A conflict neere the Bishop of Londons He takes Boat at Queenehith and gets home to fortifie his house He is besieged He is commanded to yeeld himselfe The Earle â—etermines to â—â—ue forth He begins to thinke of yeelding They yeeld themselues Essex and Southampton imprisoned The loyall care of the Citizens is highly commended Thomas Lee is taken Lee is hang'd at Tiburne A proclamation against Vagabonds and run-awaies The conspirators complots are detected Essex and Southampton arraigned The heads of the accusations They are vnfolded by the Queenes Lawyers The Earles reply He excuseth his iniuries done to the Counsellours He layes open the iniuries done to himselfe The Earle seekes to extenuate Gorges testimony Southampton defends his owne cause Cases propounded to the Iudges assistants Essex accuseth his aduersaries Bacon remoues the accusations Essex interrupts his speech Cecill comes forth Cecill speakes to Essex Knolles is sent for Cecill inueighs against Essex Southampton againe excuseth himselfe The Iudges Assistants opinion concerning the Peeres protestations Sentence pronounced against Essex and South-hampton * Mr. Camden himselfe Others also arraigned Essex desires to speake with some of the Councell He accuseth Cuffe Essex reueales others that knew of the conspiracie Essex brought to execution He is beheaded His commendation His stocke and Ancestors His wife and issue Others are arraigned Blunt examined Danuers accused Dauis arraigned Cuffe arraigned The request of Sir Christopher Blunt and Sir Charles Danuers Cuffes execution and Mericks at Tiburne Blunt and Danuers beheaded Blunts confession Sir H. Neuill committed The punishment of Daniel an Imposter The Queens answer to the Embassadors of Scotland Gallies prepared The States thinke how to subdue Flanders They are preuented by the Arch Duke Vere made gouernour of Ostend The description and scituation of Ostend A parley about the yeelding vp of Ostend Vere breakes it off Marshall Birone sent ouer to England A Parliament at Westminster Monopolies restrained The Queenes speech concerning them The death of Henry Earle of Pembroke And of the Lord Norris The death of the Lord Willoughby A Proclamation against transporting money into Ireland Deliberation about altering the Irish Coine The Souldiers pay altered without any tumult or mutiny The Lord Deputy sets on towards the Rebels And Henry Docwray on the other part 500. English surprize Donegall Monastery Rumours concerning the Spaniards sailing towards Mounster calls the Deputy backe Ballashanon seized on The President intercepts the titular Earle of Desmond He findes out their consultation about the Spaniards conuenient landing He makes preparation to goe against them The President informes the Deputy of the affaires A consultation whether the Deputy should enter Mounster without his forces The Spaniards land in Ireland The reasons of their comming published The English beset them The Spaniards droue aut from Rincurran Castle Tir-Oen commeth into Mounster The Râ—bels determine to bring their forces into the Towne The English hinder them The Rebels retire The English persue them They fight the 24. of December The same day the Earthquake was in London The Rebels flie * Alferez The commodities of the victory The Spaniards desire a Parley Articles concerning yeelding 1602 Dumboy Castle assaulted by the President The Rebels reduced into order Bishop O-Hegan slaine A Nauie dispatcht to the Spanish shore The Gallies and Caracke set vpon in the Hauen of Cezimbra A Caracke and Gallies are set vpon The Gallies are put to flight Some of them taken A parley They yeeld The rest of the Gallies are for Flanders They light vpon the Queens ships They skirmish Their Gallies vaâ—quished The treaty at Bremen with the Danes They complaine of too much tribute paid for passing the Sounds Thâ—ir demands A controuersie discussed about the freenesse of the Sea The treaty breakes off Disagreements betwixt the Iesuites and Secular Priests See Watsons Quodlibets of Statâ— Iesuites and Secular Priests banished Marshall Byron beheaded The French King complaines of the D. of Bullen He askes Q. Elizabeths counsell what he should doe with him The Queens answere The French Kings reply The opinion of others concerning this matter Geneua relieued The death of Alexander Nowâ—ll Tir-Oeâ— feares both his owne power and his armies The Deputiâ— persues him He builds Charlemont And Fort Montioy Docwrâ—ay chaseth the Rebells Yet he is slightly regarded More of the Rebels submit themselues Tir-Oeâ— craues pardon Tir-Oen absolutely submits himselfe The Queene falls sicke * In the Kings preface to the Reader in his Basilicon Doron Pag. 1. lin 10. Lod. Lucius li. 4. Historiae Iesuiticae ca. 4. pa. 517. Basil. 1627. Rabad Append. schismat Anglican cap. 23. pag. 98.
health at Callice 344 Effingham Sonne to the Lord Howard Admirall 308. he helpeth his Father to seize on Essex Garden by the Thames ibid. Egerton Sollicitor to the Queene 8. his proceedings against the Earle of Arundell he findes him guilty of treason three times ibid. Elbing reconciled by Carew who in his Embassie went thither after he had beene at Dantzicke 192 Elizabeth she allayeth a mutiny in Scotland 3. she was angry at the Earle of Essex voyage to Portugall 13. the reason 14. she answereth the complaints of the Haâ—se-townes 18. she aydeth the King of Nauarre ibid. she aydeth the King of France 22. she proposeth marriage to the King of Scots 25. she fortifieth sundry Hauens 29 she allotteth yearly charges for her Nauy 30. she raiseth the rate of the Custome-house 31. her care of the States 32. she restoreth ships to the Venetians 33. she maketh peace betweene the Turke and the Polacke ibid. her obseruation about France 37. she sendeth Essex into France 46. her Iurisdiction in spirituall matters is impugned 54. defended 55. she visiteth the Vniuersity of Oxford 74. she calleth a Parliament 77. the summe of her speech 78. she sends Borough Embassadour into Scotland 81. she maketh peace between the Turke and the Transiluanian 84. she translateth a Booke of Boëtius 89. her Letter to the king of France 88 she fortifies Gernsey and Iersey 91. she sendeth Zouch Embassadour into Scotland 96. she christeneth Prince Henry 103. distaste betweene her and the States 133. the reason of it ibid. delating about it 135. it is reconciled 136. she answereth the Haâ—se-townes 137. her prayer for the Nauy that went to Cadiz 158. her censure about Honours conferred by a forreigne Prince 174. her speech to D. Ialine Embassadour from Poland 188. she striketh the Earle of Essex 219. she translateth Salust de Bello Iugurthino 231. and most of Horace de Arte Poëtica and Plutarch de Curiositate 231. she is angry at the proceedings of Essex in Ireland 242. she confines him to his Chamber 245. she is visited by diuers Princes and honourable Personages 297. she would haue pardoned the Earle of Essex 324. she answereth the Embassadours of Scotland 337. her speech concerning Monopolies 345. her answere to the King of France about the Duke of Bouillon 372. she falls sicke 380. her Ring sawed off her finger 381. she dyeth 383 Embden the place appointed for a Treaty 284 English arriue at Portugall 13. they march to Lisbon 14. the Spaniards sally forth vpon them 15. they beate them backe returne ibid. they are subiect to diseases in Spaine 17. the reason thereof in nature ibid. they arriue in France to aide the French King 23. they returne 24. they receiue an ouerthrow from the Rebels in Ireland 232. the greatest they euer receiued in Ireland 233. wearied with the first expedition of the Earle of Essex 240. they are oppressed with too much tribute by the Danes for passing the Sounds Sea 285. their valour in France 24. at the siege of Ostend 341. their famous victories 108. their exposing to slaughter blamed by the Queene 109. their priuiledges of fishing granted by the ancient Kings of Norway empeached by the Danes 284. their commendation euen of the Spaniards themselues 165 England a more ancient and eminenter Kingdome then Castile or Spaine 263 English Merchants their couetousnesse taxed 74 Ernest Arch-Duke of Austria 105. the Queene wisheth him to acquaint his Master the Spaniard with the treacherous plots of Ibarra and other of his seruants 106 Espinaâ— ioyneth Forces with Sir Iohn Norris 85 Essex ioyneth with the English Fleet that was for Portugall 13. his honour got there 14. he is sent ouer to France with 400. English 46. he knighteth too many 47. he lyeth idle by reason of the Frenches not comming to ioyne ibid. hee approacheth Roan ibid. he loseth his brother Sir Walter Deuereux ibid. he is dispatched into Champaigne 48. he challengeth Villars Gouernour of Roan 69. he returneth into England ibid. he is made Generall of the Forces that went to Gadez 156. he throwes away his Hat for ioy 160. he lands his Forces 161. enters the Towne 162. he would expect the returne of the Spanish Fleet at the Azores 166. but ouercome with most voices he returnes ibid. hee is made Generall of the Forces for the Islands Azores 178. his resolution before he went 179. the Islands Gratiosa and Flores yeeld vnto him 183. he returnes 185. grudges betweene him and Rawleigh 186. and betweene him and Cecill ibid. he is made Earle Marshall of England 187. he is against a peace with Spaine 217. he writes an Apologie in his owne defence 218. he is strucken by the Queene 219. he flings away from the Court ibid. he is made Lord Deputy of Ireland 238. the number of his Army 239. he marcheth to Mounster and neglecteth his Commission 240. he parlies with Tirâ—Oen almost an houre 242. hee makes a Truce with him ibid. the Queene sâ—nds him an angry Letter at it 243. he is discontented vpon the receit of it ibid. he returnes vnlookt for to London 244. kneeles before the Queene at Nonesuch 245. is committed 246. to his owne house 287. he is cited before the Lords of the Councell and appeares 288. the Queene denies him his Farme of the Sweet Wines whereat he is discontented and entertaines ill counsell 295. his consultations at Drury house 300. multitudes flocke to Essex house 303. the Lords of the Councell come thither 304. they are shut vp 306. let out 307. the Earle besieged 308. he yeelds 309. is arraigned 311. condemned 321. reconciled to Cecill 322. executed in the Tower 324. his Elogie 326 The Lord Euers dyeth 117 Exceptions against any of a Iury in case of Treason are vnlawfull 371 Expedition into Spaine 10. into Portugall 13. another to Cadiz 156. their victory and spoiles 163. another to the Islands of Azores 178. Townes taken 182. and their safe returne home againe 185 Another Expedition into the East Indies by Ryman 58. to the Magellan streights by Cauendish 59. to Guiana by Rawleigh 129. into America by Rawleigh 72. to the Spanish coasts vnder Sir Richard Leuison 361. another into America vnder Hawkins 110 F FAiall a Towne taken by Sir Walter Rawleigh 181. Essex angry at it 182. Rawleigh pleads for himselfe and at last is receiued into fauour 183 Fairfax a Commander in the battell at Newport 281. slaine at Ostend 343 Feagh-Mac-Hugh sorely persued by the Lord Deputy 119. his head is cut off by Serieant Milbourne and sent to Dublin 155 Ferdinand Carill delegated by the Spaniard to the Treaty at Bullen 272 Ferdinand Arch-Duke and Cardinall Brother to Maximilian the Emperour 251 Feroll the place appointed for the English Nauy to expect the returne of the Spaniards from the Indies 178 Fernambuc in Brasil taken by Lancaster 112 Ferrena his treason against the Queene 103. his confession 104 Fitzwilliams Deputy of Ireland 28. he apprehendeth Hugh-Roâ—-Mac-Mahon and arraigned him he causeth him