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the_o practice_n of_o other_o but_o from_o sabellicus_n 1._o gliscere_fw-la indy_n id_fw-la malum_fw-la augebatur_fw-la duarum_fw-la gentium_fw-la audaciâ_fw-la apparebatque_fw-la brevi_fw-la totam_fw-la insulam_fw-la alienatam_fw-la iri_fw-la nisi_fw-la ejusmodi_fw-la conatibus_fw-la maturé_fw-la iretur_fw-la obviam_fw-la 5._o how_o it_o be_v imaginable_a that_o the_o pict_n find_v themselves_o in_o so_o great_a danger_n from_o the_o roman_n and_o briton_n the_o one_o very_o considerable_a for_o their_o valour_n and_o the_o other_o for_o their_o great_a number_n will_v not_o have_v entreat_v the_o scot_n to_o stay_v constant_o with_o they_o for_o though_o they_o have_v be_v equal_a to_o their_o enemy_n when_o the_o scot_n and_o they_o be_v together_o yet_o they_o can_v not_o be_v but_o much_o more_o inferior_a to_o they_o when_o the_o scot_n leave_v they_o once_o every_o year_n 6._o if_o the_o irish_a have_v constant_o send_v in_o auxiliary_n to_o assist_v against_o the_o roman_n it_o 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frith_n of_o forth_n and_o clyde_n and_o yet_o he_o confess_v 156._o that_o among_o the_o south-pict_n there_o be_v a_o monastery_n of_o st._n martin_n at_o whit-horn_n found_v by_o st._n ninian_n in_o honour_n of_o that_o saint_n and_o whit-horn_n be_v in_o galloway_n in_o the_o further_a south_n point_n of_o our_o scotland_n near_o eighty_o mile_n besouth_o forth_o and_o himself_o also_o confess_v 83._o whit-horn_n to_o be_v in_o galloway_n the_o four_o objection_n be_v that_o our_o historian_n have_v follow_v jeffrey_n of_o monmoth_n in_o many_o ridiculous_a invention_n which_o be_v pure_o his_o own_o and_o particular_o in_o the_o history_n of_o bassianus_n who_o be_v emperor_n be_v by_o he_o pretend_v to_o have_v be_v kill_v in_o britain_n by_o fulgentius_n which_o though_o buchannan_n do_v not_o exact_o follow_v yet_o he_o still_o make_v bassianus_n to_o have_v be_v a_o roman_a lieutenant_n and_o to_o have_v be_v kill_v in_o britain_n whereas_o it_o appear_v not_o from_o any_o 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the_o great_a objection_n use_v by_o the_o bishop_n against_o our_o antiquity_n lie_v in_o the_o four_o §_o of_o the_o bishop_n first_o chapter_n wherein_o he_o assert_n that_o ireland_n be_v people_v by_o the_o scot_n and_o be_v the_o only_a scotland_n before_o these_o time_n viz._n before_o the_o year_n 503_o and_o in_o the_o 5_o §_o that_o there_o be_v no_o scot_n in_o britain_n before_o the_o say_a year_n 300._o and_o in_o the_o 6_o and_o 8_o §_o that_o the_o scot_n betwixt_o the_o 300_o and_o 500_o year_n be_v indeed_o here_o but_o not_o settle_v and_o only_o by_o way_n of_o incursion_n and_o in_o the_o 9th_o §_o he_o assert_n that_o about_o the_o year_n 500_o they_o first_o settle_v here_o and_o erect_v the_o kingdom_n of_o argile_n and_o in_o the_o 12_o and_o 13_o §_o he_o assert_n that_o after_o the_o year_n 900_o we_o get_v the_o rest_n of_o the_o country_n and_o then_o only_o it_o come_v to_o be_v call_v scotland_n for_o clear_v all_o these_o mistake_v without_o partiality_n 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they_o be_v only_o spurious_a author_n or_o the_o conjectural_a readins_n of_o new_a critic_n as_o bishop_n 728._o usher_n who_o my_o lord_n st._n asaph_n follow_v allege_v 4._o porphyry_n only_o except_v who_o testimony_n be_v admit_v by_o he_o to_o be_v in_o the_o three_o century_n it_o clear_o follow_v that_o my_o lord_n st._n asaph_n have_v without_o sufficient_a warrant_n assert_v in_o the_o forementioned_a place_n that_o ireland_n be_v call_v scotland_n before_o the_o year_n 300_o he_o admit_v no_o author_n for_o this_o save_v porphyry_n who_o book_n he_o acknowledge_v not_o to_o be_v extant_a but_o to_o be_v only_o cite_v by_o jerom_n who_o live_v long_o after_o the_o year_n 300._o 3._o my_o chief_a design_n in_o this_o book_n be_v not_o to_o debate_v the_o antiquity_n of_o the_o name_n of_o scotia_n or_o scoti_n but_o only_o when_o we_o first_o settle_v under_o king_n in_o this_o isle_n and_o consequent_o though_o archbishop_n usher_n and_o the_o bishop_n of_o st._n asaph_n can_v prove_v that_o the_o word_n scotia_n and_o scoti_n be_v not_o know_v the_o first_o 300_o year_n except_o in_o porphyry_n yet_o that_o can_v prove_v that_o we_o be_v not_o settle_v here_o before_o that_o time_n for_o it_o be_v undeniable_a that_o many_o nation_n have_v have_v peculiar_a name_n before_o those_o name_n can_v be_v find_v in_o history_n as_o scaliger_n very_o well_o prove_v and_o they_o can_v not_o be_v know_v in_o history_n till_o other_o nation_n have_v commerce_n with_o they_o and_o write_v of_o they_o which_o be_v a_o thing_n very_o accidental_a and_o foreigner_n do_v ofttimes_o design_v nation_n by_o appellative_n which_o they_o themselves_o invent_v and_o it_o be_v assert_v by_o bp_o usher_n that_o the_o scot_n inhabit_v ireland_n long_o before_o the_o year_n 300_o though_o till_o then_o he_o can_v give_v a_o author_n for_o that_o word_n and_o who_o can_v deny_v that_o the_o pict_n live_v long_o here_o before_o eumenius_n who_o first_o mention_v they_o and_o 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which_o may_v give_v we_o likewise_o a_o hint_n how_o by_o name_n without_o history_n most_o ancient_a monument_n of_o antiquity_n may_v be_v preserve_v and_o it_o be_v full_o prove_v before_o that_o time_n we_o be_v know_v in_o this_o country_n under_o the_o name_n of_o 1._o dalreudini_n and_o agricol_n caledonii_n 4._o all_o those_o uncontroverted_a testimony_n that_o make_v first_o mention_n of_o the_o scot_n and_o of_o scotland_n be_v only_o applicable_a to_o we_o such_o as_o claudian_n pacatius_n ammianus_n etc._n etc._n as_o have_v former_o be_v full_o prove_v and_o since_o hegesippus_n be_v the_o first_o author_n produce_v by_o the_o bp_o of_o st._n asaph_n who_o mention_n scotia_n and_o that_o it_o have_v be_v former_o prove_v that_o these_o passage_n relate_v to_o we_o and_o not_o to_o ireland_n it_o follow_v clear_o that_o the_o name_n scotia_n be_v give_v to_o we_o before_o it_o be_v give_v to_o ireland_n or_o
civil_a law_n the_o best_a standard_n of_o the_o latin_a language_n must_v acknowl_v that_o there_o be_v mum_o patria_fw-la originis_fw-la as_o well_o as_o incolatû_n &_o domicilii_fw-la and_o it_o may_v be_v just_o say_v of_o those_o of_o virgina_n and_o other_o english_a plantation_n that_o anglia_fw-it est_fw-la proprie_fw-la illorum_fw-la patria_fw-la and_o general_o it_o be_v observable_a that_o the_o author_n relate_v both_o to_o we_o and_o they_o do_v first_o call_v the_o people_n scoti_n and_o then_o the_o country_n scotia_n but_o still_o the_o more_o ancient_a author_n call_v we_o scoti_n before_o they_o and_o our_o country_n scotia_n before_o they_o as_o to_o the_o citation_n out_o of_o adamnanus_n in_o vita_fw-la columbae_fw-la and_o beda_n it_o be_v certain_a that_o adamnanus_n be_v late_o publish_v by_o a_o irish_a hand_n as_o appear_v by_o the_o marginal_a note_n the_o publisher_n still_o add_v hibernia_n in_o the_o magin_n where_o scotia_n be_v in_o the_o text._n but_o however_o it_o be_v certain_a that_o adamnanus_n be_v abbot_n of_o hy_o which_o be_v ikolmkil_n among_o the_o scotish_n west_n island_n so_o that_o in_o dubio_fw-la he_o be_v presume_v to_o be_v a_o scots-man_n and_o not_o a_o irish_a and_o balaeus_n and_o other_o positive_o assert_v he_o to_o be_v a_o scots-man_n nor_o be_v there_o any_o reason_n for_o their_o call_v he_o a_o irishman_n but_o because_o all_o author_n who_o speak_v of_o he_o call_v he_o scotus_n and_o to_o assert_v a_o man_n to_o be_v a_o irishman_n because_o he_o be_v call_v scots-man_n be_v rather_o a_o bull_n than_o a_o reason_n but_o because_o he_o be_v mention_v by_o beda_n who_o live_v short_o after_o he_o and_o be_v a_o author_n of_o far_o great_a authority_n what_o i_o shall_v observe_v from_o beda_n will_v serve_v to_o clear_v the_o citation_n out_o of_o both_o and_o first_o beda_n 26._o relate_v that_o ecgfrid_n king_n of_o northumberland_n have_v send_v a_o army_n into_o ireland_n under_o bertus_n he_o waste_v the_o country_n and_o the_o innocent_a people_n and_o the_o next_o year_n have_v send_v a_o army_n to_o waste_v the_o province_n of_o the_o pict_n contrary_a to_o the_o advice_n of_o his_o friend_n and_o of_o st._n cuthbert_n god_n suffer_v that_o army_n to_o be_v destroy_v because_o the_o former_a year_n he_o have_v reject_v their_o advice_n id_fw-la that_o he_o shall_v not_o invade_v scotland_n which_o do_v not_o wrong_v he_o and_o to_o clear_v that_o the_o scotia_n here_o express_v be_v not_o ireland_n he_o add_v ibid._n the_o english_a and_o scots_a who_o abide_v in_o britain_n this_o passage_n as_o well_o as_o the_o other_o which_o i_o have_v cite_v and_o shall_v cite_v prove_v 1._o that_o scotland_n then_o be_v promiscuous_o express_v by_o the_o name_n of_o hibernia_n and_o scotia_n for_o the_o same_o thing_n be_v say_v first_o to_o have_v be_v do_v in_o hibernia_n and_o thereafter_o it_o be_v say_v to_o have_v be_v do_v in_o scotia_n and_o this_o answer_v the_o objection_n hiberni_fw-la revertuntur_fw-la domum_fw-la and_o where_o can_v their_o home_n be_v but_o in_o ireland_n 2._o it_o prove_v that_o this_o our_o country_n be_v call_v scotia_n in_o beda_n time_n and_o so_o long_o before_o the_o year_n 1000_o which_o the_o bishop_n deny_v nor_o can_v it_o be_v prove_v that_o the_o king_n of_o northumberland_n go_v to_o make_v war_n in_o ireland_n nor_o speak_v beda_n of_o any_o war_n with_o ireland_n the_o next_o passage_n from_o beda_n be_v where_o he_o say_v 4._o that_o columbanus_n a_o abbot_n and_o presbyter_n come_v in_o the_o year_n 565_o from_o ireland_n to_o britain_n to_o preach_v the_o word_n of_o god_n to_o the_o province_n of_o the_o north-picts_a and_o convert_v they_o and_o get_v from_o they_o possession_n of_o the_o former_a island_n for_o sound_v a_o monastery_n where_o he_o be_v bury_v out_o of_o which_o monastery_n meaning_n hylas_n many_o other_o monastery_n be_v propagate_v in_o ireland_n and_o britain_n in_o all_o which_o the_o same_o island-monastery_n be_v the_o chief_a and_o he_o take_v notice_n that_o the_o successor_n of_o this_o abbot_n differ_v in_o the_o observation_n of_o easter_n from_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n till_o the_o year_n 716._o and_o thereafter_o he_o say_v that_o 5._o aidan_n be_v send_v from_o this_o island_n for_o instruct_v the_o province_n of_o the_o english_a now_o he_o have_v say_v before_o 3._o aidan_n who_o be_v send_v from_o the_o isle_n which_o be_v call_v hylas_n which_o be_v the_o chief_a of_o the_o scotish_n and_o pictish_a monastery_n and_o belong_v to_o britain_n and_o thereafter_o he_o 26._o say_v that_o colman_n see_v his_o doctrine_n slight_v and_o his_o adherent_n despise_v return_v to_o scotland_n so_o that_o we_o see_v that_o that_o which_o at_o the_o first_o be_v call_v 4._o ireland_n afterward_o be_v call_v ibid._n the_o say_a island_n and_o the_o monastery_n in_o it_o the_o ibid._n island-monastery_n and_o thereafter_o it_o be_v 3._o call_v the_o isle_n of_o hylas_n and_o thereafter_o it_o be_v 26._o call_v scotland_n i_o shall_v cite_v a_o three_o passage_n from_o beda_n where_o speak_v of_o a_o great_a plague_n in_o britain_n he_o add_v 27._o this_o plague_n also_o waste_v ireland_n with_o the_o same_o destruction_n at_o which_o time_n there_o be_v there_o many_o of_o the_o nobility_n and_o commons_o of_o england_n who_o in_o the_o time_n of_o the_o bishop_n finan_n and_o colman_n have_v leave_v their_o own_o native_a island_n for_o the_o great_a convenience_n either_o of_o divine_a study_n or_o a_o more_o strict_a life_n have_v retire_v thither_o all_o who_o the_o scot_n kind_o entertain_v and_o furnish_v with_o all_o thing_n necessary_a and_o give_v they_o free_o meat_n and_o book_n to_o read_v and_o learning_n and_o thereafter_o speak_v of_o egbert_n who_o be_v among_o they_o he_o add_v ibid._n that_o he_o be_v a_o good_a example_n to_o his_o own_o nation_n and_o to_o the_o nation_n of_o the_o pict_n and_o scot_n among_o who_o he_o live_v retire_o by_o which_o passage_n it_o be_v evident_a that_o that_o which_o be_v here_o call_v ireland_n be_v real_o our_o scotland_n first_o because_o it_o be_v say_v they_o come_v from_o england_n upon_o the_o occasion_n of_o finan_n and_o colman_n who_o be_v our_o countryman_n and_o who_o chief_a residence_n be_v the_o isle_n of_o hylas_n or_o icolm-kill_a from_o which_o they_o come_v which_o do_v then_o and_o do_v still_o belong_v to_o we_o only_o and_o which_o the_o bishop_n of_o st._n asaph_n also_o 109._o confess_v and_o then_o because_o in_o their_o monastic_a life_n it_o be_v say_v they_o reside_v among_o the_o scot_n and_o pict_n and_o pertinet_fw-la it_o be_v say_v before_o that_o the_o island_n where_o the_o monastery_n be_v belong_v to_o britain_n but_o for_o further_a clear_v the_o former_a citation_n from_o beda_n i_o shall_v offer_v these_o follow_a consideration_n 1._o that_o beda_n treat_v only_o the_o action_n of_o these_o five_o nation_n that_o do_v inhabit_v britain_n and_o if_o he_o do_v speak_v of_o france_n or_o ireland_n it_o be_v but_o upon_o occasion_n of_o they_o as_o of_o the_o situation_n of_o ireland_n from_o whence_o the_o scot_n come_v or_o of_o some_o monastery_n depend_v upon_o icolm-kill_a which_o perhaps_o be_v situate_v near_o we_o in_o the_o north_n of_o ireland_n and_o therefore_o unless_o all_o these_o passage_n be_v clear_o applicable_a to_o ireland_n they_o must_v be_v understand_v of_o scotland_n 2._o it_o be_v certain_a that_o beda_n in_o the_o begin_n of_o his_o book_n treat_v concern_v the_o scot_n in_o britain_n the_o roman_a war_n with_o they_o and_o palladius_n be_v send_v to_o they_o it_o necessary_o follow_v that_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o book_n mention_v the_o scot_n or_o that_o part_n of_o the_o isle_n possess_v by_o they_o be_v to_o be_v understand_v of_o we_o whether_o the_o country_n be_v call_v hibernia_n or_o scotia_n or_o we_o hiberni_n or_o scoti_n especial_o since_o beda_n mention_n a_o king_n call_v aidan_n and_o 152._o we_o have_v a_o king_n of_o that_o name_n in_o that_o time_n which_o the_o irish_a can_v pretend_v beda_n treat_v also_o concern_v the_o abbot_n of_o hylas_n which_o be_v icolm-kill_a as_o be_v clear_a by_o that_o passage_n 10._o where_o he_o say_v columba_n founder_n of_o the_o monastery_n in_o the_o isle_n of_o hylas_n venerable_a to_o the_o scot_n and_o pict_n which_o by_o a_o compound_a name_n from_o columba_n and_o cell_n be_v call_v icolm-kill_a and_o that_o the_o monk_n send_v from_o this_o monastery_n or_o island_n be_v the_o converter_n of_o the_o north-saxons_a and_o the_o first_o bishop_n of_o lindasfern_n or_o holy-island_n predecessor_n of_o the_o bishop_n of_o durham_n 3._o he_o make_v frequent_a mention_n of_o little_a island_n which_o never_o do_v belong_v to_o ireland_n but_o to_o sotland_n and_o be_v still_o call_v hebrides_n and_o so_o
as_o the_o chief_a of_o these_o isle_n where_o the_o abbot_n reside_v the_o record_n be_v keep_v and_o the_o king_n be_v bury_v may_v probable_o be_v call_v insula_fw-la hiberniae_fw-la or_o hibernia_n and_o that_o scotia_n may_v be_v the_o ordinary_a name_n to_o all_o that_o part_n of_o the_o isle_n of_o britain_n benorth_n the_o river_n of_o clyde_n so_o that_o the_o go_v from_o hiberniâ_fw-la or_o scotiâ_fw-la in_fw-la britanniam_fw-la be_v nothing_o but_o the_o go_n to_o the_o other_o side_n of_o clyde_n 12._o by_o which_o and_o graham's-dyke_n that_o part_n of_o the_o isle_n be_v distinguish_v from_o the_o rest_n as_o if_o it_o have_v be_v a_o distinct_a island_n 4._o the_o great_a controversy_n at_o that_o time_n be_v about_o the_o keep_n of_o easter_n laurentius_n mellitus_n and_o justus_n bishop_n do_v write_v a_o letter_n to_o we_o of_o the_o follow_a tenor._n 14._o laurentius_n mellitus_n and_o justus_n bishop_n servant_n of_o all_o the_o servant_n of_o god_n to_o our_o dear_a brethren_n the_o bishop_n and_o abbot_n through_o all_o scotland_n whileas_o the_o apostolic_a sea_n according_a to_o the_o custom_n it_o have_v observe_v in_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o world_n do_v send_v we_o to_o preach_v the_o gospel_n unto_o the_o heathen_n in_o these_o western_a part_n and_o that_o it_o happen_v to_o we_o to_o come_v into_o this_o isle_n which_o be_v call_v britain_n we_o hold_v in_o religious_a reverence_n both_o the_o scot_n and_o briton_n believe_v that_o they_o do_v walk_v after_o the_o custom_n of_o the_o universal_a church_n but_o after_o we_o have_v know_v the_o briton_n we_o judge_v the_o scot_n to_o be_v the_o better_o mind_v yet_o now_o we_o perceive_v by_o dagamus_n the_o bishop_n who_o be_v come_v hither_o and_o by_o columbanus_n the_o abbot_n in_o france_n that_o the_o scot_n differ_v nothing_o in_o their_o observation_n from_o the_o briton_n for_o dagamus_n be_v here_o refuse_v not_o only_o to_o eat_v with_o we_o but_o even_o to_o stay_v in_o the_o same_o inn_n or_o lodging_n now_o that_o this_o be_v only_o applicable_a to_o we_o and_o not_o to_o the_o scot_n in_o ireland_n the_o subject_n do_v prove_v be_v exhortatory_n letter_n to_o conform_v in_o the_o observation_n of_o easter_n wherein_o the_o british_a scot_n who_o follow_v columba_n differ_v from_o the_o roman_a church_n 2._o the_o letter_n be_v write_v to_o the_o scot_n and_o relate_v to_o other_o letter_n write_v to_o the_o briton_n in_o the_o same_o isle_n and_o who_o need_v the_o same_o exhortation_n and_o it_o be_v to_o be_v remember_v that_o usher_n general_o conclude_v that_o where_o the_o scot_n and_o briton_n be_v mention_v in_o conjunction_n by_o scot_n there_o be_v to_o be_v understand_v the_o british_a scot_n 3._o irish_a camerarius_fw-la cite_v georgius_n newton_n who_o about_o the_o year_n 1500_o be_v then_o archdeacon_n of_o dumblain_n do_v write_v the_o act_n of_o that_o church_n and_o relate_v that_o he_o have_v see_v the_o antographum_fw-la of_o that_o letter_n among_o the_o record_n of_o that_o church_n and_o so_o it_o must_v necessary_o have_v be_v write_v to_o the_o scot_n in_o britain_n else_o it_o have_v not_o be_v in_o the_o custody_n of_o our_o churchman_n and_o at_o dumblain_n i_o can_v produce_v many_o other_o citation_n to_o prove_v scotland_n to_o have_v be_v call_v hibernia_n in_o those_o age_n but_o it_o be_v sufficient_a to_o add_v to_o these_o unanswerable_a proof_n already_o produce_v the_o authority_n of_o the_o roman_a martyrology_n whereinis_fw-la sanetus_fw-la beanus_n be_v design_v episcopus_fw-la aberdoniae_n in_o hibernia_n at_o the_o 16_o of_o december_n to_o which_o vardaeus_fw-la a_o irishman_n in_o vita_fw-la rumoldi_n answer_v that_o there_o may_v have_v be_v a_o place_n in_o ireland_n call_v aberdeen_n because_o aber_n be_v a_o irish_a word_n signify_v a_o marish_a and_o there_o be_v a_o town_n call_v down_n in_o ireland_n situate_v near_o a_o marish_a a_o pretty_a witticism_n indeed_o especial_o as_o he_o propose_v the_o objection_n and_o answer_v the_o same_o as_o you_o may_v see_v upon_o the_o margin_n 380._o but_o to_o take_v off_o all_o debate_n beanus_n be_v name_v in_o our_o chartulary_n as_o well_o as_o history_n as_o the_o first_o bishop_n of_o aberdeen_n and_o the_o mortification_n grant_v to_o he_o by_o our_o king_n malcom_n second_o in_o the_o year_n 1010_o of_o the_o land_n of_o murthlack_a clove_v and_o dounm_v be_v yet_o extant_a and_o his_o tomb_n be_v yet_o to_o be_v see_v in_o the_o cathedral_n of_o aberdeen_n at_o the_o postern_n door_n of_o the_o church_n to_o the_o former_a passage_n i_o must_v also_o add_v that_o albeit_o our_o country_n be_v promiscuous_o call_v scotia_n and_o hibernia_n as_o have_v be_v prove_v yet_o scotia_n even_o in_o that_o time_n be_v the_o more_o frequent_a name_n of_o our_o country_n and_o which_o to_o keep_v close_o to_o beda_n appear_v for_o when_o he_o speak_v of_o the_o isle_n hylas_n to_o which_o the_o former_a citation_n chief_o relate_v and_o which_o be_v the_o place_n of_o our_o country_n in_o which_o his_o history_n be_v ecclesiastic_a be_v chief_o concern_v as_o be_v then_o one_o of_o if_o not_o the_o most_o famous_a monastery_n in_o the_o western_a world_n he_o express_v it_o to_o be_v in_o scotia_n as_o where_o he_o tell_v that_o 21._o ceollach_n of_o the_o nation_n of_o the_o scot_n leave_v his_o bishopric_n in_o england_n return_v to_o hylas_n where_o the_o scot_n have_v their_o chief_a monastery_n and_o thereafter_o he_o tell_v that_o 24._o the_o same_o ceollach_n have_v leave_v his_o bishopric_n return_v to_o scotland_n and_o the_o same_o 16._o beda_n write_v of_o adamnanus_n call_v he_o abbot_n and_o presbyter_n of_o the_o monk_n that_o be_v in_o the_o monastery_n of_o hy._n and_o mention_v the_o same_o adamnanus_n 22._o he_o tell_v that_o he_o return_v to_o scotland_n after_o his_o embassy_n in_o england_n and_o how_o can_v it_o be_v deny_v that_o hylas_n be_v in_o scotland_n since_o beda_n 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