be_v lade_v with_o wine_n and_o return_v to_o the_o coast_n of_o england_n the_o hand_n of_o heaven_n have_v not_o as_o yet_o disfranchise_v he_o from_o be_v a_o citizen_n and_o member_n of_o the_o city_n of_o london_n and_o as_o to_o two_o of_o the_o ship_n the_o say_a george_n hanger_n have_v his_o abode_n here_o until_o such_o time_n as_o they_o be_v in_o the_o port_n at_o london_n safe_a from_o be_v swallow_v by_o the_o surge_a wave_n of_o the_o sea_n secure_a from_o the_o surprise_v of_o the_o desperate_a pirate_n the_o which_o be_v so_o that_o three_o of_o the_o four_o time_n as_o to_o all_o the_o four_o ship_n be_v pass_v during_o the_o time_n that_o he_o be_v a_o member_n of_o the_o city_n and_o also_o part_v of_o the_o four_o time_n as_o to_o two_o of_o the_o ship_n it_o be_v reasonable_a to_o think_v that_o these_o ship_n shall_v participate_v of_o immunity_n and_o privilege_n it_o be_v discharge_v of_o the_o payment_n of_o prisage_n which_o be_v grant_v by_o the_o charter_n make_v bâ—_n king_n edward_n the_o three_o notwithstanding_o that_o the_o last_o time_n be_v not_o comâ—_n before_o his_o death_n and_o the_o more_o especial_o also_o because_o the_o law_n have_v such_o regard_n unto_o the_o commencement_n and_o beginning_n of_o a_o thing_n and_o will_v have_v respect_n unto_o it_o notwithstanding_o that_o there_o belong_v distance_n of_o time_n between_o the_o in_o choation_n and_o consummation_n of_o it_o anâ—_n therefore_o where_o a_o servant_n have_v a_o intention_n to_o kill_v his_o master_n do_v depart_v ouâ—_n of_o his_o service_n and_o long_a time_n after_o his_o departure_n out_o of_o his_o master_n service_n do_v kill_v he_o that_o be_v petty_a treason_n in_o the_o servant_n 7._o in_o regard_n of_o the_o retrospect_n which_o the_o law_n have_v to_o the_o first_o intention_n of_o the_o servant_n when_o he_o be_v in_o his_o master_n service_n and_o yet_o if_o you_o respect_v the_o time_n of_o the_o murder_n commit_v without_o regard_n have_v unto_o the_o first_o time_n it_o can_v be_v petty_a treason_n because_o the_o servant_n be_v out_o of_o his_o service_n at_o that_o time_n seven_o it_o be_v to_o be_v observe_v that_o 7._o this_o charter_n to_o be_v discharge_v of_o the_o payment_n of_o prisage_n grant_v by_o king_n edward_n the_o three_o be_v grant_v unto_o the_o mayor_n and_o commonalty_n of_o london_n which_o be_v a_o body_n that_o always_o continue_v and_o never_o die_v and_o so_o howsoever_o that_o george_n hanger_n unto_o who_o as_o unto_o a_o member_n of_o that_o body_n the_o privilege_n of_o that_o charter_n be_v distribute_v be_v dead_a and_o cut_v off_o from_o that_o body_n yet_o in_o so_o much_o that_o the_o body_n politic_a of_o the_o mayor_n and_o commonalty_n unto_o who_o the_o charter_n be_v make_v live_v the_o privilege_n and_o immunity_n of_o george_n hanger_n to_o have_v his_o wine_n discharge_v of_o the_o payment_n of_o prisage_n will_v live_v and_o continue_v in_o that_o body_n notwithstanding_o that_o george_n hanger_n be_v dead_a eight_o this_o charter_n be_v a_o charter_n make_v for_o the_o advancement_n and_o good_a of_o 8._o merchandise_n and_o trade_n which_o be_v as_o it_o be_v the_o blood_n which_o give_v nourishment_n unto_o the_o politic_a body_n of_o the_o kingdom_n be_v to_o have_v a_o favourable_a and_o benign_a construction_n whereby_o trade_n may_v be_v the_o better_o support_v and_o maintain_v and_o the_o life_n of_o the_o state_n long_o continue_v and_o therefore_o where_o king_n edward_n the_o three_o in_o the_o three_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n grant_v unto_o the_o merchant_n of_o almagne_n france_n and_o spain_n that_o they_o shall_v come_v safe_o and_o secure_o with_o their_o merchandise_n into_o england_n and_o shall_v be_v free_a from_o pontage_n murage_n and_o such_o other_o tolles_n this_o grant_n be_v allow_v to_o be_v good_a and_o receive_v a_o exposition_n according_a unto_o the_o law_n oâ—_n merchant_n which_o be_v the_o law_n of_o nation_n and_o howsoever_o it_o will_v not_o bâ—_n good_a by_o the_o strict_a rule_n of_o the_o common_a law_n because_o the_o merchant-strangeâ—_a be_v not_o a_o corporation_n able_a to_o take_v yet_o it_o be_v admit_v sufficient_a by_o that_o aâ—gem_n marcatoriam_fw-la according_a to_o whicâ—_n in_o some_o case_n of_o merchant_n the_o judge_n of_o the_o common_a law_n ought_v to_o give_v the_o judgement_n wherefore_o in_o the_o case_n at_o the_o bar_n this_o charter_n concern_v the_o city_n of_o london_n which_o be_v the_o university_n of_o merchant_n and_o this_o case_n concern_v george_n hanger_n which_o be_v a_o scholar_n train_a â—â—_o this_o in_o school_n and_o have_v be_v matriculate_v in_o this_o place_n the_o judge_n be_v to_o fram_a and_o give_v their_o judgement_n so_o as_o the_o unversity_n and_o scholar_n of_o it_o may_v receive_v the_o better_a encouragement_n to_o proceed_v and_o may_v not_o be_v dishearten_v to_o diveâ—_n their_o course_n intend_v from_o merchandise_v and_o trade_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o striâ—_n construction_n of_o charter_n which_o giu_v unto_o they_o immunity_n and_o priuledge_n nine_o and_o last_o this_o very_a case_n receive_v 9_o former_o the_o resolution_n of_o three_o baron_n in_o the_o exchequer_n upon_o a_o information_n exhibit_v there_o by_o sir_n thomas_n waller_n that_o frances_n hanger_n shall_v be_v discharge_v of_o prisage_n for_o the_o wine_n in_o all_o the_o four_o ship_n whereupon_o sir_n thomas_n discontinue_v his_o information_n and_o exhibit_v it_o denove_n in_o the_o king_n bench_n whereby_o he_o will_v take_v the_o opinion_n of_o this_o court_n likewise_o and_o there_o have_v be_v former_a opinion_n conceive_v for_o the_o discharge_n of_o they_o it_o be_v more_o agreeable_a with_o reason_n to_o have_v this_o opinion_n confirm_v than_o oppose_v but_o sir_n thomas_n fleming_n sir_n john_n crook_n and_o sir_n robert_n haughton_n seem_v opinion_n upon_o the_o reason_n hereafter_o ensue_v that_o judgement_n ought_v to_o be_v give_v for_o sir_n thomas_n waller_n and_o that_o prisage_n ought_v to_o be_v pay_v by_o frances_n hanger_n both_o for_o the_o wine_n which_o be_v in_o the_o ship_n that_o be_v arrive_v before_o the_o death_n of_o george_n hanger_n as_o likewise_o for_o the_o wine_n which_o be_v in_o the_o two_o ship_n which_o be_v upon_o the_o sea_n at_o the_o time_n of_o the_o death_n of_o george_n hanger_n howsoever_o by_o way_n of_o advice_n they_o wish_v that_o for_o the_o wine_n in_o the_o ship_n which_o be_v come_v home_o during_o his_o life_n the_o payment_n of_o prisage_n ought_v not_o to_o be_v press_v by_o sir_n thomas_n waller_n first_o in_o regard_n the_o charter_n extend_v 1._o only_o to_o discharge_v the_o wine_n of_o such_o a_o person_n as_o be_v a_o citizen_n of_o london_n of_o the_o payment_n of_o prisage_n and_o george_n hanger_n be_v dead_a and_o so_o a_o citizen_n of_o the_o heaved_o jerusalem_n may_v not_o be_v long_o say_v to_o be_v a_o citizen_n of_o london_n and_o so_o not_o within_o the_o compass_n of_o the_o immunity_n granred_n by_o the_o charter_n second_o this_o privilege_n to_o be_v discharge_v 2._o of_o the_o payment_n of_o prisage_n be_v in_o respect_n of_o the_o person_n who_o be_v the_o owner_n of_o the_o wine_n and_o not_o in_o respect_n of_o the_o wine_n themselves_o and_o then_o there_o be_v a_o remotion_n of_o the_o person_n unto_o who_o the_o exemption_n be_v tie_v there_o be_v a_o remotion_n of_o the_o exemption_n itself_o and_o therefore_o notwithstanding_o a_o tenant_n in_o ancient_a demesne_n be_v by_o the_o common_a law_n of_o this_o realm_n to_o be_v discharge_v of_o the_o payment_n of_o toll_n in_o all_o fair_n and_o market_n yet_o if_o the_o tenant_n in_o ancient_a demesne_n make_v his_o executor_n and_o die_v the_o executor_n for_o the_o good_n of_o the_o testator_n be_v to_o pay_v a_o toll_n in_o so_o much_o that_o it_o be_v only_o a_o personal_a privilege_n which_o die_v together_o with_o the_o person_n three_o this_o charter_n bereave_v the_o king_n of_o the_o payment_n of_o prisage_n which_o be_v a_o flower_n of_o his_o crown_n aught_o to_o have_v a_o strict_a construction_n so_o as_o none_o may_v take_v benefit_n of_o it_o but_o only_o such_o as_o be_v within_o the_o precise_a word_n of_o the_o charter_n wherefore_o george_n hanger_n be_v dead_a and_o so_o no_o more_o a_o citizen_n of_o london_n howsoever_o the_o wine_n in_o the_o ship_n may_v be_v say_v to_o be_v the_o wine_n of_o george_n hanger_n to_o a_o special_a intent_n that_o be_v to_o say_v for_o the_o payment_n of_o his_o debt_n and_o the_o performance_n of_o his_o legacy_n according_a to_o his_o true_a intendment_n express_v in_o his_o will_n yet_o may_v they_o not_o be_v say_v to_o be_v the_o good_n of_o george_n hanger_n to_o every_o intent_n in_o so_o much_o that_o frances_n hanger_n the_o executrix_n have_v
commonalty_n for_o payment_n of_o the_o say_a sum_n at_o a_o certain_a day_n and_o thereupon_o be_v enlarge_v the_o four_o hundred_o mark_n be_v not_o pay_v at_o the_o day_n whereupon_o the_o mayor_n and_o commonalty_n affirm_v a_o plaint_n against_o he_o in_o london_n for_o the_o say_a debt_n the_o defendant_n obtain_v a_o habeas_fw-la corpus_fw-la to_o remove_v the_o body_n and_o the_o cause_n into_o the_o king_n bench_n upon_o a_o supposition_n that_o he_o be_v to_o have_v the_o privilege_n by_o reason_n of_o a_o priority_n of_o suit_n in_o the_o king_n bench_n and_o upon_o return_n of_o the_o habeas_fw-la corpus_fw-la all_o this_o matter_n appear_v unto_o the_o court_n and_o it_o be_v move_v by_o sir_n henry_n montague_n now_o lord_n chief_a justice_n of_o the_o king_n bench_n than_o one_o of_o the_o sergeant_n of_o the_o king_n and_o recorder_n of_o london_n that_o a_o procedendo_fw-la may_v be_v grant_v whereby_o the_o major_a and_o commonalty_n may_v proceed_v against_o he_o in_o the_o court_n at_o london_n it_o be_v a_o customary_a suit_n mere_o ground_v upon_o the_o custom_n of_o london_n but_o that_o be_v deny_v by_o sir_n edward_n cook_n chief_a justice_n and_o the_o whole_a court_n because_o by_o the_o law_n chamberlain_n have_v cause_n of_o privilege_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o priority_n of_o suit_n against_o he_o in_o the_o king_n bench_n may_v not_o be_v re-manded_n but_o he_o be_v to_o answer_v in_o that_o court_n whereupon_o the_o major_a and_o commonalty_n do_v declare_v against_o he_o upon_o the_o say_a obligation_n in_o the_o king_n bench._n second_o it_o be_v move_v that_o the_o action_n upon_o this_o obligation_n may_v be_v lay_v in_o some_o indifferent_a county_n and_o not_o in_o london_n forasmuch_o as_o the_o trial_n there_o must_v be_v have_v by_o those_o that_o be_v party_n unto_o the_o action_n it_o be_v bring_v by_o the_o mayor_n and_o commonalty_n but_o sir_n edward_n cook_n and_o the_o court_n will_v not_o upon_o this_o surmise_n take_v away_o the_o benefit_n which_o the_o law_n give_v to_o every_o plaintiff_n upon_o a_o transitory_a action_n which_o be_v to_o lay_v it_o in_o whatsoever_o county_n he_o will_n and_o if_o there_o be_v any_o such_o cause_n as_o be_v surmise_v then_o after_o plea_n plead_v he_o may_v make_v a_o allegation_n that_o the_o city_n of_o london_n be_v a_o county_n in_o itself_o and_o that_o all_o the_o citizen_n there_o be_v party_n to_o the_o action_n which_o be_v bring_v whereby_o there_o may_v not_o be_v a_o indifferent_a trial._n and_o upon_o this_o surmise_n the_o court_n shall_v order_v the_o trial_n to_o be_v in_o a_o foreign_a county_n the_o which_o be_v do_v according_o and_o so_o the_o matter_n proceed_v the_o case_n of_o the_o merchant-adventurer_n king_n edward_n the_o three_o in_o the_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n by_o letter_n patent_n do_v incorporate_v certain_a person_n by_o the_o name_n of_o the_o merchants-adventurer_n of_o england_n and_o do_v give_v power_n unto_o they_o to_o transport_v white_a clothes_n into_o divers_a part_n beyond_o the_o sea_n restrain_v they_o from_o carry_v over_o wool_n the_o merchants-adventurer_n do_v trade_n beyond_o the_o sea_n and_o continue_v the_o transpose_n of_o clothes_n white_a until_o the_o 29._o of_o august_n in_o the_o ten_o year_n of_o his_o majesty_n reign_n that_o now_o be_v at_o which_o time_n the_o king_n by_o his_o letter_n patent_n do_v encorporate_v the_o earl_n of_o sussex_n late_a lord_n treasurer_n of_o england_n sir_n thomas_n vavasour_n sir_n stephen_n soam_n william_n cockayn_n and_o other_o by_o the_o name_n of_o the_o merchant_n adventerer_n of_o the_o new_a trade_n of_o london_n with_o full_a power_n &_o authority_n to_o transport_v die_v and_o dress_v clothes_n into_o divers_a part_n beyond_o the_o sea_n with_o a_o restraint_n prohibit_v all_o the_o old_a merchants-adventurer_n which_o do_v not_o join_v themselves_o unto_o this_o new_a company_n to_o tranport_v any_o under_o the_o forfeiture_n of_o they_o and_o also_o inhibit_v the_o new_a merchant_n from_o transport_v any_o clothes_n but_o such_o as_o be_v die_v and_o dress_v and_o after_o three_o year_n pass_v they_o have_v power_n during_o that_o time_n to_o transport_v 36000_o white_a clothes_n and_o there_o be_v a_o refusal_n of_o the_o old_a merchant_n adventurer_n to_o surrender_v up_o their_o patent_n the_o king_n bring_v a_o quo_fw-la warranto_fw-la against_o divers_a of_o the_o merchant_n of_o the_o old_a company_n by_o particular_a name_n to_o know_v by_o what_o warrant_n they_o do_v without_o licence_n of_o the_o king_n transport_v clothes_n white_a undied_a and_o undress_v beyond_o the_o sea_n the_o merchant_n upon_o the_o return_n of_o the_o quo_fw-la warranto_fw-la do_v make_v their_o appearance_n and_o a_o information_n be_v exhibit_v against_o they_o by_o sir_n fr._n bacon_n knight_n now_o lord_n chancellor_n of_o england_n and_o then_o attorney_n general_n unto_o his_o majesty_n come_v into_o the_o king_n bench_n and_o move_v the_o court_n that_o the_o old_a merchant_n adventurer_n may_v have_v a_o short_a day_n the_o next_o ensue_a term_n to_o answer_v unto_o the_o information_n exhibit_v against_o they_o insomuch_o that_o the_o new_a company_n of_o merchant_n adventurer_n stand_v at_o a_o gaze_n as_o be_v uncertain_a of_o what_o validity_n the_o old_a patent_n will_v be_v do_v slack_a to_o transplant_v the_o dyer_n and_o other_o tradesman_n out_o of_o the_o low-countries_n into_o england_n be_v necessary_a instrument_n for_o the_o put_v in_o execution_n of_o this_o design_n because_o there_o be_v not_o here_o in_o england_n those_o that_o be_v able_a to_o die_v and_o dress_n in_o that_o manner_n that_o the_o low-country_n man_n do_v and_o so_o there_o be_v in_o the_o interim_n a_o stop_n of_o the_o current_n of_o merchandize_v with_o our_o cloth_n the_o which_o be_v the_o principal_a commodity_n that_o we_o have_v here_o in_o england_n the_o fleece_n that_o cause_v it_o may_v well_o and_o apt_o have_v the_o term_n of_o the_o golden_a fleece_n and_o there_o be_v a_o stop_v make_v of_o the_o traffique_a and_o trade_n with_o these_o clothes_n it_o be_v as_o dangerous_a unto_o the_o politic_a body_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n as_o the_o stop_n of_o a_o vein_n can_v be_v to_o the_o natural_a body_n for_o as_o by_o the_o stop_n of_o a_o vein_n the_o blood_n be_v debar_v of_o his_o free_a passage_n and_o so_o of_o necessity_n there_o must_v be_v a_o consumption_n by_o the_o continuance_n of_o it_o follow_v unto_o the_o body_n natural_a so_o traffic_n be_v the_o blood_n which_o run_v in_o the_o vein_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n it_o can_v be_v but_o that_o the_o hindrance_n of_o it_o by_o any_o long_a continuance_n must_v breed_v a_o consumption_n unto_o the_o state_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n wherefore_o to_o open_v this_o vein_n which_o be_v as_o yet_o somewhat_o stop_v and_o to_o give_v a_o more_o free_a passage_n unto_o the_o blood_n he_o be_v a_o suitor_n unto_o the_o court_n on_o the_o behalf_n of_o the_o company_n of_o the_o new_a merchant-adventurer_n that_o the_o court_n will_v give_v expedition_n in_o this_o case_n for_o they_o conceive_v that_o if_o this_o new_a design_n may_v take_v its_o full_a effect_n as_o it_o be_v intend_v it_o can_v not_o be_v but_o of_o necessity_n there_o must_v a_o great_a benefit_n redound_v to_o the_o commonwealth_n for_o first_o whereas_o our_o state_n grow_v sick_a by_o reason_n of_o the_o many_o idle_a person_n england_n which_o have_v not_o mean_n to_o be_v set_v on_o work_n this_o die_v and_o dress_n of_o clothes_n within_o our_o kingdom_n will_v give_v sufficient_a employment_n unto_o they_o all_o whereby_o there_o shall_v be_v a_o cure_n to_o the_o lazy_a leprosy_n which_o now_o overspread_v our_o commonwealth_n second_o whereas_o now_o we_o send_v out_o clothes_n white_a and_o the_o low-country-man_n 2._o receive_v they_o of_o we_o and_o dye_v they_o and_o dress_v they_o and_o afterward_o transport_v they_o unto_o foreign_a part_n make_v a_o wonderful_a benefit_n to_o themselves_o both_o in_o point_n of_o profit_n and_o likewise_o in_o respect_n of_o maintain_v their_o navy_n whereas_o if_o the_o clothes_n be_v die_v and_o dress_v by_o ourselves_o we_o may_v reap_v that_o matter_n of_o gain_n and_o also_o be_v master_n of_o the_o sea_n by_o strengthen_v ourselves_o in_o our_o ship_n three_o whereas_o there_o happen_v 3._o often_o a_o confiscation_n of_o all_o our_o clothes_n and_o much_o disgrace_n and_o discredit_n light_v upon_o our_o nation_n and_o our_o clothes_n by_o the_o abuse_n of_o the_o low-country-man_n in_o stretch_v they_o a_o great_a length_n than_o they_o will_v well_o bear_v when_o they_o dye_v and_o dress_v they_o now_o it_o shall_v be_v prevent_v when_o they_o shall_v never_o have_v the_o finger_n of_o they_o to_o put_v that_o abuse_n in_o practice_n wherefore_o this_o patent_n make_v by_o
the_o parish_n of_o grace-church_n street_n london_n for_o which_o house_n a_o rent_n of_o five_o pound_n yearly_o have_v be_v reserve_v time_n out_o of_o mind_n in_o the_o three_o year_n of_o the_o king_n that_o now_o be_v by_o indenture_n a_o do_v make_v a_o lease_n for_o five_o year_n unto_o one_o withers_n of_o part_n of_o the_o house_n and_o of_o the_o shop_n render_v the_o rent_n of_o five_o pound_n by_o the_o year_n at_o the_o four_o usual_a feast_n that_o be_v to_o say_v at_o the_o feast_n of_o the_o annuciation_n etc._n etc._n by_o even_o and_o equal_a portion_n and_o in_o the_o same_o indenture_n it_o be_v further_o covenant_v and_o agree_v that_o wither_v the_o leassee_n shall_v pay_v unto_o burrel_n the_o leassor_n a_o hundred_o &_o fifty_o pound_n ann_n in_o name_n of_o a_o fine_a and_o income_n the_o which_o say_v hundred_o and_o fifty_o pound_n be_v to_o be_v pay_v in_o manner_n and_o form_n follow_v that_o be_v to_o say_v thirty_o pound_n yearly_a and_o every_o year_n during_o the_o say_a term_n at_o the_o four_o usual_a feast_n by_o even_o and_o equal_a portion_n the_o term_n of_o five_o year_n expire_v the_o say_a burrel_n in_o the_o ten_o year_n of_o the_o say_a king_n by_o indenture_n make_v a_o new_a lease_n for_o the_o term_n of_o seven_o year_n of_o the_o say_a part_n of_o the_o house_n and_o the_o warehouse_n unto_o one_o goff_n render_v the_o rent_n of_o five_o pound_n by_o the_o year_n at_o the_o feast_n of_o s._n michael_n the_o archangel_n and_o the_o annunciation_n of_o the_o bless_a virgin_n mary_n by_o even_o and_o equal_a portion_n and_o in_o the_o same_o indenture_n it_o be_v further_o covenant_v and_o agree_v that_o goff_n shall_v pay_v unto_o the_o say_v burrell_n 175._o l._n in_o the_o name_n of_o a_o fine_a and_o income_n in_o manner_n and_o form_n follow_v that_o be_v to_o say_v twenty_o five_o pound_n yearly_a during_o the_o say_a teâ—m_n at_o the_o say_v two_o usual_a feast_n by_o even_o and_o equal_a portion_n dunn_n parson_n of_o grace-church_n exhibit_v his_o petition_n unto_o the_o then_o lord_n mayor_n of_o london_n against_o the_o say_a burrel_n and_o goff_n wherein_o he_o suppose_v that_o tithe_n be_v pay_v unto_o he_o only_o according_a to_o the_o rate_n of_o five_o pound_n by_o the_o year_n where_o in_o truth_n he_o ought_v to_o have_v a_o allowance_n according_a unto_o the_o rate_n of_o thirty_o pound_n by_o the_o year_n the_o lord_n mayor_n by_o the_o advice_n of_o his_o council_n do_v call_v the_o say_a burrell_n and_o goff_n before_o he_o and_o upon_o full_a hear_n of_o the_o say_a cause_n do_v order_v the_o payment_n unto_o dunn_n according_a unto_o the_o rate_n of_o five_o pound_n by_o the_o year_n and_o not_o according_a to_o the_o rate_n of_o thirty_o pound_n by_o the_o year_n whereupon_o the_o say_v dunn_n do_v exhibit_v his_o bill_n of_o appeal_n unto_o the_o lord_n chancellor_n of_o england_n in_o the_o chancery_n wherein_o he_o do_v make_v a_o recital_n of_o the_o decree_n make_v and_o establish_v by_o act_n of_o parliament_n in_o 37._o h._n cap._n 12._o and_o also_o of_o the_o case_n special_a as_o it_o stand_v charge_v the_o say_a goff_n and_o burrell_n with_o a_o practice_n of_o fraud_n and_o covin_z in_o the_o reservation_n of_o this_o twenty_o five_o pound_n by_o year_n by_o way_n of_o fine_a and_o income_n and_o defraud_v he_o of_o that_o which_o belong_v unto_o he_o the_o say_v goff_n and_o burrell_n do_v make_v their_o answer_n and_o show_v that_o the_o rent_n of_o five_o pound_n by_o the_o year_n be_v the_o ancient_a rent_n reserve_v and_o that_o they_o be_v ready_a and_o have_v often_o tender_v the_o payment_n of_o their_o tithe_n according_a to_o that_o proportion_n but_o it_o have_v be_v deny_v to_o be_v accept_v and_o they_o do_v take_v a_o traverse_n unto_o the_o fraud_n and_o covin_z wherewith_o they_o stand_v charge_v and_o upon_o this_o answer_n dunn_n the_o parson_n demur_v in_o law_n and_o this_o case_n be_v first_o argue_v in_o the_o chancery_n by_o sir_n francis_n moor_n sergeant_n and_o thomas_n crew_n on_o the_o behalf_n of_o dunn_n and_o by_o sir_n anthony_n benn_n late_a recorder_n of_o london_n and_o john_n walter_n on_o the_o part_n of_o the_o defendant_n the_o lord_n chancellor_n have_v call_v sir_n henry_n montague_n chief_a justice_n of_o the_o king_n bench_n sir_n henry_n hobart_n chief_a justice_n of_o the_o common_a plea_n sir_n john_n doddridg_n one_o of_o the_o justice_n of_o the_o king_n bench_n and_o sir_n richard_n hutton_n one_o of_o the_o justice_n of_o the_o common_a plea_n to_o be_v his_o assistant_n and_o after_o two_o argument_n hear_v on_o each_o side_n in_o the_o chancery_n upon_o suit_n make_v to_o the_o king_n by_o sir_n francis_n bacon_n than_o lord_n chancellor_n of_o england_n a_o special_a commission_n be_v grant_v unto_o thomas_n lord_n archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n sir_n francis_n bacon_n lord_n chancellor_n of_o england_n thomas_n earl_n of_o suffolk_n late_a lord_n preasurer_n of_o england_n edward_n earl_n of_o warwick_n keeper_n of_o the_o privy_a seal_n william_n earl_n of_o pembroke_n lord_n chamberlain_n of_o the_o king_n household_n john_n bishop_n of_o london_n bishop_n of_o eli_n sir_n henry_n montague_n sir_n julius_n caesar_n master_n of_o the_o roll_n sir_n john_n doddridg_n and_o sir_n richard_n hutton_n wherein_o there_o be_v a_o special_a recital_n of_o the_o question_n and_o cause_n depend_v between_o dunn_n on_o the_o one_o part_n and_o burrell_n and_o goff_n on_o the_o other_o part_n and_o power_n give_v unto_o they_o for_o the_o hear_n and_o determine_v of_o this_o cause_n and_o likewise_o for_o the_o mediate_a between_o the_o citizen_n of_o london_n and_o the_o parson_n of_o the_o several_a parish_n and_o church_n in_o london_n and_o make_v a_o arbitrary_a end_n betwixt_o they_o whereby_o a_o competent_a provision_n may_v be_v make_v for_o the_o minister_n of_o the_o church_n of_o london_n and_o too_o heavy_a a_o burden_n may_v not_o beimpose_v upon_o the_o citizen_n of_o london_n with_o a_o command_n further_o that_o they_o shall_v certify_v the_o king_n what_o be_v do_v in_o the_o premise_n and_o this_o commission_n be_v sit_v upon_o at_o york-house_n where_o the_o case_n be_v argue_v at_o several_a time_n by_o sir_n randal_n crew_n and_o sir_n henry_n finch_n sergeant_n of_o the_o king_n on_o the_o part_n and_o behalf_n of_o the_o minister_n of_o london_n and_o by_o sir_n henry_n yeluerton_n attorney_n of_o the_o king_n and_o sir_n thomas_n coventry_n solicitor_n of_o the_o king_n on_o the_o behalf_n of_o the_o citizen_n of_o london_n and_o because_o the_o main_a question_n remain_v as_o yet_o undetermined_a and_o no_o resolution_n be_v give_v either_o in_o point_n of_o law_n nor_o arbitrary_a end_n by_o way_n of_o mediation_n i_o shall_v only_o open_v the_o part_n of_o the_o case_n and_o make_v a_o summary_n report_n of_o they_o without_o further_a debate_n of_o they_o the_o case_n divide_v itself_o into_o six_o part_n that_o be_v to_o say_v first_o whether_o any_o thing_n can_v be_v demand_v by_o the_o person_n for_o house_n in_o london_n 1._o according_a to_o the_o course_n of_o the_o common_a law_n second_o whether_o custom_n can_v establish_v 2._o a_o right_n of_o payment_n of_o any_o thing_n unto_o the_o parson_n for_o house_n and_o of_o what_o nature_n the_o payment_n establish_v shall_v be_v three_o what_o be_v ancient_o payable_a 3._o by_o the_o citizen_n of_o london_n for_o their_o house_n unto_o the_o minister_n of_o london_n and_o how_o grow_v the_o payment_n four_o whether_o this_o twenty_o five_o 4._o pound_n reserve_v upon_o a_o covenant_n by_o way_n of_o fine_a and_o income_n be_v a_o rent_n within_o the_o word_n of_o the_o decree_n make_v 37._o h._n 8._o cap._n 12_o five_o whether_o this_o reservation_n of_o twenty_o five_o pound_n by_o the_o year_n by_o way_n 5._o of_o fine_a and_o income_n shall_v be_v adjudge_v to_o be_v a_o rent_n within_o the_o intent_n and_o meaning_n of_o the_o statute_n a_o decree_n or_o no_o six_o who_o shalâ—_n be_v judge_n of_o the_o tithe_n for_o house_n in_o london_n and_o the_o remedy_n for_o the_o parson_n in_o case_n that_o payment_n be_v not_o make_v unto_o he_o according_a to_o the_o decree_n as_o to_o the_o first_o part_n which_o be_v whether_o by_o the_o common_a law_n any_o thing_n can_v be_v 53._o demand_v for_o the_o house_n in_o london_n it_o be_v to_o be_v agree_v and_o clear_a that_o nothing_o can_v be_v demand_v for_o that_o which_o the_o parson_n ought_v to_o demand_v of_o house_n be_v tithe_n and_o it_o be_v improper_a and_o can_v be_v that_o tithe_n can_v be_v pay_v of_o house_n first_o in_o regard_n that_o house_n do_v not_o increase_v and_o renew_v but_o rather_o decrease_v for_o want_v of_o reparation_n and_o
it_o be_v agree_v and_o resolve_v that_o it_o may_v and_o do_v well_o enough_o hold_v for_o howsoever_o that_o none_o be_v charge_n able_a at_o the_o common_a law_n by_o the_o name_n of_o a_o administrator_n inasmuch_o as_o by_o the_o statute_n of_o 31._o ed._n 3._o cap._n no_o accusation_n lay_v against_o a_o administrator_n by_o that_o name_n and_o that_o a_o custom_n may_v not_o commence_v since_o the_o make_n of_o that_o statute_n yet_o inasmuch_o as_o he_o be_v chargeable_a at_o the_o common_a law_n as_o a_o executor_n for_o his_o administration_n so_o that_o the_o name_n of_o the_o charge_n be_v only_o change_v and_o yet_o in_o substance_n be_v all_o one_o for_o every_o executor_n be_v a_o administrator_n and_o the_o plead_n be_v upon_o a_o action_n bring_v against_o a_o executor_n that_o he_o never_o be_v executor_n nor_o ever_o administer_v as_o a_o executor_n and_o a_o administrator_n have_v the_o quality_n and_o office_n of_o a_o executor_n therefore_o the_o custom_n of_o foreign_a attachment_n will_v hold_v against_o a_o administrator_n as_o well_o as_o against_o a_o executor_n as_o to_o the_o three_o question_n which_o be_v whether_o the_o foreign_a attachment_n for_o quest_n the_o debt_n due_a unto_o the_o intestate_a after_o the_o promise_n break_v be_v such_o a_o dispensation_n with_o the_o promise_n that_o no_o action_n now_o lie_v for_o the_o administrator_n upon_o the_o breach_n of_o the_o promise_n it_o be_v agree_v and_o resolve_v that_o the_o promise_n be_v dispense_v with_o and_o no_o action_n lay_v upon_o the_o breach_n of_o it_o for_o the_o debt_n due_a by_o tenant_n unto_o the_o intestate_a which_o be_v the_o ground_n and_o cause_n of_o the_o promise_n make_v unto_o spink_n the_o plaintiff_n be_v take_v away_o by_o the_o judgement_n have_v in_o london_n upon_o the_o custom_n of_o foreign_a attachment_n et_fw-la sublato_fw-la fundamento_fw-la fallit_fw-la opus_fw-la and_o therefore_o if_o after_o the_o promise_n break_v there_o have_v be_v a_o recovery_n have_v of_o the_o principal_a debt_n by_o the_o plaintiff_n as_o administrator_n or_o otherwise_o there_o have_v be_v a_o release_n make_v unto_o the_o defendant_n now_o the_o action_n upon_o the_o case_n upon_o the_o promise_n will_v have_v fail_v inasmuch_o as_o the_o debt_n which_o be_v the_o consideration_n and_o ground_n of_o the_o promise_n be_v go_v and_o so_o the_o dampnification_n which_o he_o shall_v have_v have_v by_o not_o performance_n of_o the_o promise_n fail_v and_o agree_v to_o this_o resolution_n be_v the_o case_n of_o one_o bardeston_n and_o humphrey_n 414._o cite_v to_o be_v adjudge_v whereupon_o a_o account_n he_o that_o be_v find_v in_o arrearge_n upon_o a_o consideration_n of_o forbearance_n by_o one_o month_n promise_v payment_n of_o they_o and_o those_o arrearage_n thus_o due_a be_v attach_v in_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o accountant_a after_o the_o promise_n break_v it_o be_v hold_v that_o no_o action_n may_v afterward_o be_v maintain_v upon_o the_o breach_n of_o promise_n the_o case_n concern_v the_o prisage_n of_o wine_n king_n edward_n the_o three_o in_o the_o first_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n 163._o do_v by_o his_o letter_n patent_n bear_v date_n the_o same_o time_n grant_v unto_o the_o mayor_n and_o commonalty_n of_o london_n that_o no_o prisage_n shall_v be_v of_o any_o of_o the_o wine_n of_o the_o citizen_n of_o london_n but_o they_o shall_v be_v free_a and_o discharge_v be._n from_o the_o payment_n of_o all_o manner_n of_o prisage_n george_n hanger_n be_v a_o citizen_n and_o freeman_n of_o london_n and_o resient_a within_o the_o city_n fraught_v four_o several_a ship_n with_o merchandise_n to_o be_v transport_v beyond_o the_o sea_n the_o which_o four_o ship_n be_v disburden_v of_o the_o say_a merchandise_n be_v lade_v with_o wine_n two_o of_o the_o ship_n come_v up_o the_o thames_n at_o london_n and_o before_o any_o unbulk_v of_o they_o george_n hanger_n make_v frances_n hanger_n be_v his_o wife_n his_o executrix_n and_o die_v afterward_o the_o other_o two_o ship_n come_v up_o to_o london_n sir_n thomas_n waller_n be_v chief_n butler_n of_o the_o king_n by_o virtue_n of_o letter_n patent_n make_v unto_o he_o demand_v the_o payment_n of_o prisage_n of_o the_o say_v frances_n hanger_n for_o the_o wine_n in_o the_o say_v four_o ship_n that_o be_v to_o say_v to_o way_n have_v of_o every_o of_o the_o ship_n one_o tun_n before_o the_o mast_n and_o one_o other_o tun_n behind_o the_o mast_n she_o deny_v the_o payment_n of_o it_o whereupon_o the_o say_a sir_n thomas_n waller_n as_o chief_a butler_n exhibit_v his_o information_n into_o the_o king_n bench_n against_o the_o say_a frances_n hanger_n whereunto_o the_o say_v frances_n plead_v a_o special_a plea_n in_o bar_n show_v the_o whole_a matter_n as_o abovesaid_a opon_n which_o sir_n thomas_n waller_n demur_v in_o law_n the_o question_n of_o this_o case_n be_v two_o the_o first_o be_v whether_o for_o the_o wine_n which_o come_v up_o the_o thames_n in_o the_o two_o ship_n before_o the_o death_n of_o george_n hanger_n any_o prisage_n ought_v to_o be_v pay_v unto_o the_o king_n or_o not_o the_o second_o be_v whether_o any_o prisage_n ought_v to_o be_v pay_v for_o the_o wine_n which_o be_v upon_o the_o sea_n in_o the_o ship_n before_o the_o death_n of_o the_o say_v george_n hanger_n but_o come_v not_o up_o the_o thames_n until_o after_o the_o death_n of_o george_n hanger_n the_o case_n be_v argue_v at_o several_a time_n by_o sir_n henry_n montague_n knight_n than_o recorder_n of_o london_n now_o lord_n chief_a justice_n of_o the_o king_n bench_n thomas_n coventry_n 5._o then_o utter_a barister_n now_o solicitor_n general_n unto_o his_o majesty_n and_o francis_n mingay_n a_o utter_a barister_n of_o the_o inner_a temple_n on_o the_o behalf_n of_o frances_n hanger_n and_o by_o henry_n yeluerton_n then_o a_o apprentice_n of_o the_o law_n of_o gray's-inn_n and_o now_o attorney_n general_n unto_o his_o majesty_n case_n and_o thomas_n crew_n of_o the_o same_o inn_n likewise_o a_o apprentice_n of_o the_o law_n on_o the_o part_n of_o sir_n thomas_n waller_n likewise_o it_o be_v argue_v at_o several_a time_n 8_o by_o the_o judge_n of_o the_o king_n bench_n that_o be_v to_o say_v first_o by_o sir_n thomas_n fleming_n chief_a justice_n of_o the_o king_n bench_n sir_n christopher_n yeluerton_n sir_n david_n williams_n and_o sir_n john_n crook_n and_o afterward_o by_o sir_n edward_n cook_n chief_a justice_n of_o the_o king_n bench_n sir_n john_n crook_n sir_n john_n dodridge_n and_o sir_n robert_n houghton_n and_o sir_n edward_n crook_n sir_n christopher_n defendant_n yeluerton_n sir_n david_n williams_n and_o sir_n john_n dodridge_n be_v of_o opinion_n that_o judgement_n ought_v to_o be_v give_v for_o frances_n hanger_n against_o sir_n thomas_n waller_n for_o they_o conceive_v upon_o the_o reason_n follow_v that_o no_o prisage_n ought_v to_o be_v pay_v neither_o for_o the_o ship_n that_o come_v in_o after_o the_o death_n of_o george_n hanger_n nor_o for_o the_o ship_n that_o come_v in_o before_o the_o death_n of_o george_n hanger_n but_o they_o all_o be_v to_o be_v discharge_v of_o the_o payment_n of_o prisage_n by_o virtue_n of_o the_o say_a charter_n make_v by_o edward_n the_o three_o unto_o the_o mayor_n and_o commonalty_n of_o london_n first_o in_o regard_n thath_fw-mi these_o wine_n thus_o 1._o in_o each_o of_o the_o four_o ship_n aforesaid_a remain_v notwithstanding_o the_o death_n of_o george_n hanger_n to_o be_v still_o the_o wine_n of_o george_n hanger_n for_o if_o frances_n hanger_n the_o executrix_n be_v to_o bring_v a_o action_n for_o the_o recovery_n of_o they_o she_o shall_v bring_v a_o action_n as_o for_o the_o wine_n of_o george_n hanger_n if_o frances_n hanger_n shall_v be_v wain_v or_o attaint_v of_o felony_n or_o treason_n those_o wine_n shall_v not_o be_v forfeit_v insomuch_o as_o they_o be_v not_o the_o wine_n of_o frances_n hanger_n but_o of_o george_n hanger_n if_o a_o judgement_n in_o debt_n or_o other_o action_n shall_v be_v have_v against_o frances_n hanger_n as_o executrix_n of_o george_n hanger_n these_o wine_n shall_v be_v take_v in_o execution_n as_o the_o wine_n of_o george_n hanger_n and_o so_o these_o wine_n thus_o bring_v in_o before_o and_o after_o the_o death_n of_o george_n hanger_n continue_v as_o yet_o the_o wine_n of_o george_n hanger_n to_o be_v recover_v as_o his_o 4._o wine_n to_o be_v take_v in_o execution_n as_o his_o wine_n and_o to_o prevent_v a_o forfeiture_n because_o these_o wine_n shall_v be_v say_v to_o be_v the_o wine_n of_o george_n hanger_n whereby_o they_o may_v be_v protect_v and_o privilege_v from_o the_o payment_n of_o prisage_n within_o the_o word_n intent_n mean_v of_o the_o before_o recite_v charter_n make_v by_o king_n edward_n the_o three_o which_o point_v rather_o at_o the_o wine_n then_o at_o the_o person_n of_o george_n hanger_n
king_n edw._n the_o 3._o bereave_v the_o king_n and_o commonwealth_n of_o these_o great_a benefit_n and_o commodity_n be_v against_o the_o law_n and_o so_o ought_v to_o be_v repeal_v and_o day_n be_v give_v according_o to_o put_v in_o their_o plea_n at_o which_o time_n many_o of_o the_o old_a merchants-adventurer_n be_v willing_a that_o trial_n shall_v be_v make_v whether_o the_o benefit_n intend_v unto_o the_o commonwealth_n may_v be_v compass_v do_v show_v to_o their_o obedience_n unto_o the_o king_n and_o desire_v of_o the_o good_a of_o their_o country_n surrender_v up_o their_o patent_n into_o the_o hand_n of_o his_o majesty_n since_o which_o time_n it_o be_v find_v by_o experience_n that_o the_o project_n have_v not_o that_o success_n which_o they_o expect_v and_o likewise_o cloth_n and_o wool_n lie_v dead_a because_o there_o be_v no_o vent_n for_o they_o abroad_o the_o king_n according_a to_o his_o power_n reserve_v unto_o he_o in_o his_o patent_n by_o which_o he_o erect_v and_o create_v the_o new_a company_n of_o merchant_n adventurer_n of_o london_n do_v make_v repeal_n and_o revocation_n of_o the_o say_v new_a patent_n and_o new_a company_n and_o do_v redeliver_v unto_o the_o old_a merchant_n their_o patent_n confirm_v it_o and_o likewise_o by_o another_o charter_n do_v enlarge_v the_o liberty_n and_o privilege_n of_o the_o old_a merchant_n by_o reason_n of_o which_o grace_n of_o the_o king_n the_o old_a company_n of_o merchants-adventurer_n of_o england_n be_v reestablish_v in_o that_o estate_n wherein_o they_o former_o be_v and_o they_o do_v now_o trade_v again_o as_o former_o they_o do_v to_o the_o great_a content_n of_o the_o subject_a and_o benefit_n of_o the_o king_n and_o country_n certify_v indictment_n upon_o certiorary_n iohn_n forner_n john_n evans_n and_o divers_z other_o bench._n be_v indict_v before_o sir_n thomas_n hayes_n lord_n mayor_n of_o london_n sir_n henry_n montague_n sergeant_n unto_o the_o king_n and_o recorder_n of_o london_n sir_n thomas_n lowe_n and_o divers_a other_o by_o virtue_n of_o a_o commission_n grant_v unto_o they_o a_o certiorari_fw-la be_v direct_v unto_o they_o as_o justices_z of_o peace_n out_o of_o the_o king_n bench_n for_o the_o certify_v the_o say_a indictment_n upon_o which_o certiorari_fw-la no_o return_n be_v make_v whereupon_o a_o second_o certiorari_fw-la be_v award_v unto_o the_o say_a commissioner_n command_v they_o to_o certify_v the_o say_a indictment_n upon_o a_o pain_n upon_o which_o certiorari_fw-la a_o return_n be_v make_v in_o this_o manner_n that_o be_v to_o say_v that_o king_n h._n 6._o in_o the_o 23._o year_n of_o his_o reign_n by_o his_o letter_n patent_n bear_v the_o same_o date_n do_v grant_v unto_o the_o mayor_n aldermen_z and_o sheriff_n of_o london_n that_o they_o shall_v not_o be_v compel_v upon_o any_o writ_n direct_v unto_o they_o to_o certify_v the_o indictment_n themselves_o take_v before_o they_o but_o only_o the_o tenor_n of_o they_o the_o which_o they_o have_v do_v according_o and_o exception_n be_v take_v unto_o this_o return_n for_o the_o insufficiency_n of_o it_o it_o be_v resolve_v by_o sir_n edward_n cook_n chief_a justice_n of_o the_o king_n bench_n sir_n john_n crook_n sir_n john_n doddridg_n and_o sir_n robert_n haughton_n that_o the_o return_n upon_o the_o reason_n hereafter_o follow_v be_v insufficient_a for_o first_o the_o letter_n patent_n be_v grant_v unto_o they_o by_o the_o name_n of_o the_o 1._o mayor_n aldermen_z and_o sheriff_n of_o the_o city_n of_o london_n warrant_v only_o the_o not_o certify_v of_o indictment_n take_v before_o they_o as_o mayor_z aldermen_z and_o sheriff_n of_o london_n and_o where_o the_o writ_n be_v direct_v unto_o they_o by_o that_o name_n and_o they_o do_v not_o excuse_v they_o in_o case_n where_o the_o writ_n be_v direct_v unto_o they_o as_o justice_n of_o peace_n and_o where_o the_o indictment_n be_v take_v before_o they_o as_o justice_n of_o peace_n by_o virtue_n of_o the_o king_n commission_n and_o howsoever_o the_o mayor_n and_o alderman_n be_v justice_n of_o peace_n by_o charter_n yet_o insomuch_o that_o they_o be_v distinct_a power_n return_v make_v by_o they_o by_o the_o name_n of_o mayor_n and_o alderman_n where_o the_o writ_n be_v direct_v unto_o they_o as_o justice_n of_o peace_n will_v not_o be_v good_a second_o there_o be_v a_o resumption_n resumption_n make_v by_o act_n of_o parliament_n in_o 28._o h._n 6._o whereby_o all_o land_n tenement_n grant_n rent_n and_o fee_n grant_v since_o the_o first_o day_n of_o his_o reign_n be_v resume_v the_o letter_n patent_n make_v in_o 23._o h._n 6._o unto_o the_o mayor_n and_o commonalty_n be_v annihilate_v and_o make_v void_a and_o so_o no_o hold_n may_v be_v take_v of_o they_o and_o the_o statute_n make_v in_o 1._o edw._n 4._o cap._n 1._o only_o confirm_v those_o privilege_n not_o heretofore_o revoke_v and_o repeal_v by_o act_n of_o parliament_n or_o otherwise_o and_o howsoever_o there_o be_v a_o charter_n make_v by_o h._n 7._o in_o the_o first_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n whereby_o restitution_n be_v grant_v of_o this_o privilege_n yet_o no_o advantage_n may_v be_v take_v of_o it_o because_o it_o be_v not_o speak_v of_o upon_o the_o return_n and_o the_o court_n may_v not_o intend_v it_o three_o the_o letter_n patent_n of_o the_o king_n be_v the_o sole_a ground_n and_o foundation_n 3._o to_o make_v the_o return_n good_a be_v not_o sufficient_o return_v unto_o the_o court_n insomuch_o that_o it_o be_v say_v upon_o the_o return_n only_o that_o the_o king_n by_o his_o letter_n patent_n do_v grant_v unto_o the_o mayor_n commonalty_n and_o sheriff_n of_o london_n that_o they_o shall_v not_o be_v compel_v to_o certify_v the_o indictment_n themselves_o but_o it_o do_v not_o appear_v that_o they_o be_v seal_v with_o the_o grand_a seal_n and_o if_o they_o be_v not_o seal_v with_o that_o seal_n the_o letter_n patent_n may_v not_o be_v of_o any_o validity_n in_o law_n howsoever_o they_o be_v seal_v with_o the_o exchequer_n seal_n or_o duchy_n seal_n in_o respect_n of_o which_o they_o may_v well_o be_v call_v the_o letter_n patent_n of_o the_o king_n four_o the_o use_n have_v always_o be_v to_o remove_v indictment_n and_o the_o record_n 4._o of_o they_o upon_o a_o certiorari_fw-la award_v out_o of_o the_o king_n bench_n and_o there_o be_v never_o any_o denial_n make_v of_o it_o before_o this_o time_n and_o in_o 5._o ed._n 6._o where_o a_o certiorari_fw-la be_v direct_v unto_o they_o for_o the_o remove_n of_o a_o indictment_n of_o a_o woman_n which_o be_v indict_v for_o be_v a_o common_a whore_n the_o indictment_n be_v certify_v in_o obedience_n unto_o the_o writ_n although_o in_o the_o end_n of_o the_o return_n they_o show_v their_o charter_n and_o pray_v that_o it_o may_v be_v remand_v because_o it_o be_v a_o indictment_n only_o warrantable_a by_o the_o custom_n of_o the_o city_n and_o not_o by_o the_o common_a law_n and_o the_o court_n be_v of_o opinion_n in_o the_o return_n at_o the_o bar_n to_o have_v impose_v a_o fine_a and_o to_o have_v award_v a_o three_o certiorari_fw-la but_o it_o be_v stay_v and_o the_o second_o return_n be_v amend_v concern_v orphan_n portion_n the_o custom_n of_o london_n be_v that_o if_o any_o freeman_n devise_v and_o or_o other_o bench._n legacy_n of_o good_n unto_o a_o orphan_n that_o then_o the_o mayor_n and_o alderman_n have_v use_v to_o take_v the_o profit_n of_o the_o land_n and_o to_o have_v the_o disposition_n of_o the_o legacy_n until_o such_o time_n as_o the_o legatee_n shall_v attain_v unto_o the_o age_n of_o twenty_o one_o year_n or_o otherwise_o be_v a_o woman_n shall_v be_v marry_v and_o if_o the_o disposition_n of_o the_o profit_n of_o the_o land_n or_o of_o the_o personal_a legacy_n be_v declare_v by_o the_o testator_n in_o his_o will_n that_o then_o the_o mayor_n and_o alderman_n have_v use_v time_n out_o of_o mind_n of_o man_n to_o convent_n the_o person_n trust_v by_o the_o will_n of_o the_o testator_n before_o they_o and_o 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have_v three_o great_a commodity_n that_o be_v to_o say_v air_n for_o his_o health_n light_n for_o his_o profit_n prospect_n for_o his_o pleasure_n may_v not_o be_v take_v away_o no_o more_o than_o a_o part_n of_o his_o house_n may_v be_v pull_v down_o whereby_o to_o erect_v the_o next_o house_n adjoin_v and_o with_o this_o resolution_n agree_v the_o case_n of_o eldred_n report_v by_o sir_n edw._n cook_n in_o his_o nine_o report_n fol._n 58._o where_o he_o show_v the_o ancient_a case_n form_n of_o the_o action_n upon_o the_o case_n to_o be_v quod_fw-la messuagium_fw-la horrida_fw-la tenebritate_fw-la obscuratum_fw-la fuit_fw-la but_o if_o there_o be_v hindrance_n only_o of_o the_o prospect_n by_o the_o new_a erect_a house_n and_o not_o of_o the_o air_n 131._o not_o of_o the_o light_n than_o a_o action_n of_o the_o case_n will_v not_o lie_v insomuch_o that_o the_o prospect_n be_v only_o a_o matter_n of_o delight_n and_o not_o of_o necessity_n as_o to_o the_o second_o it_o be_v resolve_v by_o 2._o the_o opinion_n of_o the_o aforesaid_a judge_n that_o the_o custom_n of_o london_n will_v not_o enable_v a_o man_n to_o erect_v a_o new_a house_n upon_o a_o void_a space_n of_o ground_n whereby_o the_o ancient_n light_n of_o a_o old_a house_n be_v stop_v up_o for_o first_o the_o owner_n of_o the_o old_a house_n have_v possession_n of_o a_o lawful_a easment_n and_o profit_n which_o have_v be_v belong_v unto_o the_o house_n by_o prescription_n time_n out_o of_o mind_n of_o man_n may_v not_o be_v prescribe_v out_o of_o it_o by_o another_o thwart_a custom_n which_o have_v be_v use_v time_n out_o of_o mind_n of_o man_n but_o the_o latter_a custom_n shall_v rather_o be_v adjudge_v to_o be_v void_a and_o prescription_n against_o a_o prescription_n will_v never_o be_v allow_v by_o the_o law_n 2._o it_o may_v well_o be_v that_o before_o time_n of_o memory_n the_o owner_n of_o the_o say_v void_a piece_n of_o ground_n grant_v unto_o the_o owner_n of_o the_o house_n to_o have_v his_o window_n that_o way_n without_o any_o stop_n of_o they_o the_o which_o be_v do_v and_o continue_v according_o have_v beget_v a_o prescription_n the_o which_o may_v not_o be_v defeat_v by_o the_o allegation_n of_o a_o general_a custom_n and_o with_o this_o resolution_n do_v agree_v a_o case_n adjudge_v trin._n 29._o eliz._n rot._n 253._o in_o the_o king_n bench_n whereupon_o a_o action_n upon_o the_o case_n bring_v by_o thomas_n bloond_v against_o thomas_n mosley_n for_o erect_v of_o a_o house_n in_o the_o county_n of_o the_o city_n of_o york_n whereby_o the_o ancient_a light_n of_o his_o house_n be_v stop_v up_o the_o desendant_n do_v plead_v a_o custom_n for_o the_o city_n of_o york_n as_o there_o be_v here_o for_o the_o city_n of_o london_n and_o adjudge_v that_o the_o custom_n be_v naught_o whereupon_o the_o plaintiff_n have_v his_o judgement_n but_o if_o the_o house_n have_v be_v new_o erect_v house_n or_o otherwise_o window_n have_v be_v new_o make_v window_n in_o that_o ancient_a house_n the_o erection_n of_o that_o new_a house_n upon_o that_o void_a space_n of_o ground_n will_v have_v be_v lawful_a notwithstanding_o that_o the_o window_n and_o light_n be_v stop_v up_o for_o it_o shall_v not_o lie_v in_o the_o power_n of_o the_o owner_n of_o the_o ancient_a house_n by_o set_v out_o his_o new_a window_n to_o prevent_v he_o that_o have_v the_o void_a piece_n of_o ground_n from_o make_v the_o best_a benefit_n of_o it_o as_o to_o the_o three_o point_n it_o be_v conceive_v that_o if_o the_o new_a house_n be_v only_o erect_v neighbour_n upon_o the_o ancient_a foundation_n without_o any_o enlargement_n either_o in_o longitude_n or_o latitude_n howsoever_o it_o be_v make_v so_o high_a that_o it_o â—oppeth_v up_o the_o light_n of_o the_o old_a house_n yet_o he_o be_v not_o subject_a unto_o any_o action_n because_o the_o law_n authorize_v a_o man_n to_o build_v as_o high_a as_o he_o may_v upon_o a_o ancient_a foundation_n and_o it_o be_v no_o reason_n to_o foreclose_v a_o man_n from_o make_v his_o house_n convenient_a unto_o his_o estate_n and_o degree_n by_o build_v up_o high_o when_o there_o be_v no_o other_o impediment_n but_o only_o some_o window_n which_o be_v build_v out_o over_o his_o house_n and_o agree_v to_o this_o seem_v the_o old_a book_n of_o 4._o e._n 3._o 150._o to_o be_v where_o a_o assize_n of_o nusan_o be_v bring_v for_o erect_v his_o house_n so_o high_a that_o the_o light_n of_o the_o plaintiff_n in_o the_o next_o adjoin_v house_n be_v disturb_v by_o it_o and_o the_o plaintiff_n upon_o the_o opinion_n of_o herl_n chief_a justice_n do_v not_o proceed_v in_o the_o assize_n but_o let_v it_o fall_v to_o the_o ground_n but_o if_o the_o new_a build_a house_n exceed_v the_o ancient_a foundation_n whereby_o that_o excess_n be_v the_o cause_n of_o stop_v up_o of_o light_n then_o be_v he_o subject_a unto_o the_o action_n of_o he_o who_o light_n be_v stop_v up_o as_o it_o may_v appear_v by_o 22._o h._n 6._o 25._o and_o in_o the_o case_n at_o the_o bar_n judgement_n be_v give_v for_o the_o plaintiff_n because_o he_o have_v bring_v his_o action_n for_o building_n of_o a_o new_a house_n upon_o a_o void_a piece_n of_o ground_n by_o which_o his_o window_n be_v stop_v up_o and_o keeme_v the_o defendant_n only_o justify_v by_o the_o custom_n the_o erection_n of_o the_o house_n upon_o a_o old_a foundation_n and_o upon_o the_o void_a piece_n of_o ground_n the_o which_o be_v not_o any_o answer_n at_o all_o unto_o that_o which_o the_o plaintiff_n lay_v unto_o the_o charge_n of_o the_o defendant_n touch_v the_o custom_n of_o citizen_n leave_v that_o trade_n whereunto_o they_o have_v be_v apprentice_n seven_o year_n and_o betake_v themselves_o to_o other_o trade_n iohn_n tolley_n have_v be_v a_o apprentice_n rep._n in_o london_n by_o the_o space_n of_o seven_o year_n unto_o a_o wool-packer_n after_o the_o seven_o year_n expire_v be_v make_v a_o freeman_n of_o london_n afterward_o he_o leave_v the_o trade_n of_o a_o wool-packer_n and_o betake_v himself_o to_o the_o trade_n of_o a_o upholster_n and_o do_v exercise_v that_o trade_n by_o many_o year_n whereupon_o one_o thomas_n allen_n a_o informer_n do_v exhibit_v a_o information_n in_o the_o court_n of_o the_o mayor_n of_o london_n as_o well_o for_o the_o king_n as_o for_o himself_o upon_o the_o branch_n of_o the_o statute_n make_v in_o the_o five_o year_n of_o the_o late_a queen_n elizabeth_n etc._n cap._n 4._o whereby_o it_o be_v enact_v that_o after_o the_o first_o day_n of_o may_n next_o ensue_v it_o shall_v not_o be_v lawful_a unto_o any_o person_n or_o person_n other_o than_o such_o as_o now_o do_v lawful_o use_v or_o exercise_v any_o art_n mystery_n or_o manual_a occupation_n to_o set_v up_o etc._n etc._n any_o such_o occupation_n now_o use_v or_o occupy_v within_o the_o realm_n of_o england_n or_o wales_n except_o he_o shall_v have_v be_v bring_v up_o seven_o year_n at_o the_o least_o as_o a_o apprentice_n in_o manner_n and_o form_n aforesaid_a nor_o to_o 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require_v the_o one_o moiety_n according_a to_o the_o form_n of_o the_o say_a statute_n and_o this_o information_n bar_n be_v remove_v out_o of_o the_o court_n of_o the_o mayor_n of_o london_n by_o certiorari_fw-la into_o the_o king_n bench_n the_o say_a john_n tolley_n do_v plead_v a_o special_a plea_n in_o bar_n show_v that_o there_o be_v a_o custom_n of_o london_n which_o have_v be_v use_v time_n out_o of_o mind_n of_o man_n that_o every_o citizen_n and_o freeman_n of_o london_n which_o have_v be_v a_o appretice_n in_o london_n unto_o any_o trade_n by_o the_o space_n of_o seven_o year_n may_v lawful_o and_o well_o relinquish_v that_o trade_n and_o exercise_v any_o other_o trade_n at_o his_o will_n and_o pleasure_n and_o show_v further_a that_o all_o the_o custom_n
of_o london_n be_v confirm_v by_o k._n r._n 2._o in_o the_o parliament_n hold_v in_o the_o seven_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n and_o avert_v that_o he_o have_v serve_v one_o in_o the_o trade_n of_o a_o wool-packer_n as_o a_o apprentice_n by_o the_o space_n of_o seven_o year_n and_o that_o he_o be_v a_o citizen_n and_o a_o freeman_n of_o london_n and_o that_o he_o do_v relinquish_v the_o trade_n of_o a_o wool-packer_n and_o betake_v himself_o to_o the_o trade_n of_o a_o upholster_n as_o lawful_a it_o be_v for_o he_o to_o do_v and_o so_o he_o demand_v the_o judgement_n of_o the_o court_n if_o this_o information_n against_o he_o will_v lie_v and_o upon_o this_o plea_n in_o bar_n the_o say_a thomas_n allen_n do_v demur_v in_o law_n the_o question_n in_o the_o case_n be_v these_o 1._o whether_o the_o custom_n of_o relinquish_a one_o trade_n after_o that_o he_o have_v be_v a_o apprentice_n by_o the_o space_n of_o seven-year_n and_o betake_v himself_o to_o another_o trade_n wherein_o he_o have_v not_o be_v a_o apprentice_n be_v good_a or_o no_o 2._o whether_o it_o may_v be_v take_v as_o a_o custom_n or_o no_o or_o whether_o it_o shall_v be_v say_v to_o be_v the_o common_a law_n of_o the_o realm_n and_o so_o the_o allegation_n of_o it_o as_o a_o custom_n nought_o 3._o whether_o the_o statute_n of_o the_o confirmation_n of_o the_o custom_n of_o london_n make_v in_o the_o seven_o of_o r._n 2._o as_o it_o be_v plead_v shall_v be_v take_v to_o be_v a_o act_n of_o parliament_n or_o only_o a_o confirmation_n make_v by_o the_o letter_n patent_n of_o the_o king_n in_o parliament_n 4._o whether_o the_o branch_n of_o the_o statute_n of_o 5._o eliz._n cap._n 4._o be_v in_o the_o negative_a inhibit_v all_o man_n to_o exercise_v the_o trade_n when_o they_o have_v not_o be_v apprentice_n seven_o year_n thereunto_o be_v a_o controlment_n of_o the_o custom_n of_o london_n which_o can_v receive_v no_o support_n by_o the_o statute_n of_o confirmation_n and_o whether_o that_o custom_n shall_v stand_v good_a in_o opposition_n of_o that_o branch_n 5._o whether_o the_o trade_n of_o a_o vpholstor_n be_v a_o trade_n restrain_v by_o the_o statute_n of_o 5._o eliz._n so_o as_o john_n tolley_n may_v exercise_v it_o 1._o notwithstanding_o that_o he_o have_v not_o be_v a_o apprentice_n to_o it_o by_o the_o space_n of_o seven_o year_n according_a to_o the_o course_n of_o the_o common_a law_n 6._o whether_o the_o court_n of_o the_o mayor_n of_o london_n be_v such_o a_o court_n of_o record_n as_o that_o a_o information_n may_v be_v exhibit_v there_o 7._o whether_o a_o moiety_n may_v be_v demand_v of_o this_o forfeiture_n by_o the_o informer_n when_o as_o a_o proviso_n in_o the_o stat._n of_o 5._o eliz._n 4._o do_v appoint_v the_o levy_n gather_v and_o receive_v of_o such_o forfeiture_n as_o fall_n in_o a_o city_n or_o town_n corporate_a to_o the_o mayor_n or_o other_o head_n officer_n to_o the_o use_n and_o maintenance_n of_o the_o same_o city_n or_o town_n corporate_a as_o to_o the_o first_o question_n which_o be_v the_o lawfulness_n of_o the_o custom_n it_o be_v agree_v to_o be_v good_a for_o it_o may_v have_v a_o reasonable_a construction_n beginning_n and_o just_a cause_n for_o the_o put_n of_o it_o in_o execution_n insomuch_o that_o london_n be_v a_o famous_a city_n for_o traffic_n and_o commerce_n can_v but_o sometime_o have_v merchant_n and_o tradesman_n in_o it_o who_o by_o misadventure_n of_o pirate_n or_o shipwreck_n in_o the_o sea_n or_o by_o conffiscation_n of_o their_o good_n in_o foreign_a country_n abroad_o oâ—_n by_o casualty_n of_o fire_n etc._n etc._n at_o home_n have_v their_o estate_n sink_v whereby_o they_o be_v not_o able_a for_o want_v of_o stock_n and_o meaneâ—_n to_o continue_v that_o course_n of_o merchandize_v and_o trade_n wherein_o they_o have_v be_v bring_v up_o there_o be_v great_a stock_n and_o sum_n of_o money_n requisite_a for_o the_o continning_n of_o it_o whereupon_o they_o be_v force_v to_o leave_v that_o course_n and_o betake_v themselves_o to_o some_o other_o trade_n proportionable_a to_o that_o mean_n which_o they_o have_v leave_v and_o it_o be_v lamentable_a that_o wherâ—_n inevitable_a casualty_n have_v disable_v a_o man_n to_o proceed_v in_o that_o course_n wherein_o he_o be_v bring_v up_o he_o now_o shall_v not_o be_v permit_v to_o acquire_v his_o live_n by_o any_o other_o trade_n also_o it_o may_v be_v that_o the_o trade_n whereunto_o he_o be_v a_o apprentice_n require_v great_a labour_n and_o strength_n of_o body_n as_o the_o trade_n of_o a_o smith_n carpenter_z and_o such_o like_a and_o that_o through_o sickness_n or_o other_o disaster_n befall_v he_o he_o be_v become_v infirm_a in_o body_n and_o weak_a in_o strength_n whereby_o he_o be_v not_o able_a to_o use_v that_o trade_n now_o to_o debaâ—_n he_o of_o all_o other_o trade_n which_o be_v more_o be_v fit_v his_o crazy_a body_n be_v somewhat_o unreasonable_a wherefore_o to_o meet_v with_o these_o inconvenience_n and_o to_o give_v encouragement_n unto_o the_o citizen_n and_o freeman_n of_o london_n this_o custom_n of_o relinquish_a the_o trade_n whereunto_o they_o have_v be_v apprentice_n by_o the_o space_n of_o seven_o year_n and_o betake_v themselves_o unto_o another_o trade_n have_v have_v a_o perpetual_a allowance_n and_o be_v ground_v upon_o so_o good_a reason_n still_o have_v its_o continuance_n and_o may_v not_o any_o way_n be_v call_v in_o question_n for_o the_o unreasonableness_n of_o it_o as_o to_o the_o second_o question_n scil_n whether_o the_o allegation_n of_o it_o as_o custom_n in_o 2._o london_n that_o every_o citizen_n and_o freeman_n of_o london_n may_v relinquish_v his_o trade_n wherein_o he_o have_v be_v a_o apprentice_n by_o the_o space_n of_o seven_o year_n and_o exercise_v another_o trade_n or_o no_o be_v warrantable_a by_o the_o rule_n of_o law_n or_o no_o insomuch_o that_o before_o the_o stat._n of_o 5._o eliz._n 4._o which_o restrain_v it_o it_o be_v lawful_a for_o every_o man_n to_o use_v what_o trade_n he_o will_v although_o he_o have_v not_o be_v a_o apprentice_n by_o the_o space_n of_o seven_o year_n and_o then_o it_o be_v the_o common_a law_n of_o the_o realm_n that_o a_o man_n may_v use_v any_o trade_n although_o he_o have_v not_o be_v a_o apprentice_n for_o seven_o year_n it_o may_v not_o be_v allege_v by_o way_n of_o custom_n in_o london_n but_o it_o ought_v to_o have_v be_v show_v as_o the_o custom_n of_o the_o realm_n for_o that_o which_o be_v the_o common_a law_n of_o the_o realm_n be_v the_o custom_n of_o the_o realm_n it_o be_v answer_v sel._n and_o agree_v that_o as_o this_o custom_n be_v allege_v in_o this_o information_n the_o allegation_n of_o it_o be_v warrantable_a in_o the_o law_n and_o it_o may_v well_o be_v say_v to_o be_v a_o custom_n before_o the_o stat._n of_o 5._o eliz._n for_o first_o the_o custom_n be_v restrain_v to_o a_o citizen_n 1._o and_o freeman_n of_o london_n so_o as_o he_o that_o be_v not_o a_o citizen_n and_o freeman_n may_v not_o enjoy_v the_o benefit_n of_o this_o custom_n and_o it_o be_v restrictive_a of_o the_o common_a law_n which_o give_v power_n unto_o all_o as_o well_o freeman_n as_o citizen_n to_o exercise_v what_o trade_n they_o will_v stand_v well_o in_o custom_n and_o may_v well_o be_v allege_v by_o way_n of_o custom_n this_o be_v allege_v to_o be_v the_o custom_n 2._o of_o london_n and_o so_o be_v tie_v to_o a_o particular_a place_n and_o howsoever_o it_o may_v be_v the_o common_a law_n of_o the_o realm_n in_o other_o place_n yet_o in_o london_n which_o be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n govern_v by_o their_o particular_a custom_n it_o may_v well_o be_v say_v a_o custom_n and_o so_o the_o plea_n in_o bar_n good_a enough_o as_o to_o this_o exception_n as_o to_o the_o four_o question_n soil_n whether_o the_o branch_n of_o the_o statute_n of_o 5._o eliz._n 4._o 4._o be_v a_o repeal_n and_o control_v of_o the_o custom_n of_o london_n concern_v the_o exercise_n of_o a_o trade_n where_o he_o have_v not_o be_v a_o apprentice_n by_o the_o space_n of_o seven_o year_n it_o be_v resolve_v that_o the_o custom_n of_o london_n be_v of_o force_n and_o be_v not_o any_o way_n control_v by_o that_o branch_n first_o in_o regard_n that_o this_o be_v a_o particular_a custom_n use_v in_o london_n the_o general_a 1._o word_n of_o the_o branch_n of_o that_o statâ—_n shall_v not_o be_v take_v to_o extend_v to_o the_o repeal_n of_o it_o for_o so_o much_o regard_n be_v to_o be_v give_v unto_o that_o city_n be_v camera_fw-la regis_fw-la and_o as_o dear_a to_o he_o as_o the_o apple_n of_o his_o eye_n that_o the_o custom_n of_o that_o place_n shall_v not_o be_v overthrow_v by_o the_o extent_n of_o general_a word_n where_o there_o be_v no_o particular_a provision_n
or_o the_o party_n and_o afterward_o be_v send_v by_o writ_n to_o the_o exchequer_n or_o any_o other_o the_o king_n place_n with_o their_o cause_n the_o same_o prisoner_n after_o they_o be_v deliver_v in_o the_o king_n court_n aught_o to_o be_v send_v to_o the_o say_a city_n to_o answer_v to_o the_o party_n and_o stay_v there_o for_o their_o deliverance_n item_n those_o which_o have_v tenement_n within_o the_o say_a city_n shall_v not_o be_v suffer_v to_o strip_v or_o waste_v their_o tenement_n demean_v nor_o to_o pull_v they_o down_o in_o deform_v or_o deface_v of_o the_o city_n unless_o it_o be_v to_o amend_v they_o or_o build_v they_o up_o again_o and_o any_o that_o do_v it_o or_o begin_v to_o do_v it_o shall_v be_v punish_v by_o the_o mayor_n and_o alderman_n for_o the_o offence_n according_a to_o the_o custom_n of_o the_o city_n item_n if_o wall_n penthouse_n or_o other_o house_n whatsoever_o within_o the_o say_a city_n stretch_v to_o the_o high_a street_n be_v so_o weak_a or_o feeble_a that_o the_o people_n pass_v by_o mistrust_v the_o peril_n of_o some_o suddaih_o ruin_n then_o after_o it_o be_v certify_v to_o the_o mayor_n and_o alderman_n by_o mason_n and_o carpenter_n of_o the_o city_n swear_v or_o that_o it_o be_v find_v in_o the_o wardmore_n that_o the_o danger_n be_v such_o than_o the_o same_o mayor_n and_o alderman_n shall_v cause_v the_o party_n to_o be_v warn_v to_o who_o the_o same_o tenement_n belong_v to_o amend_v they_o and_o repair_v they_o so_o soon_o as_o convenient_o he_o may_v and_o if_o after_o such_o warning_n they_o be_v not_o amend_v nor_o begin_v to_o be_v amend_v within_o forty_o day_n then_o next_o follow_v then_o shall_v the_o say_v tenement_n be_v repair_v and_o amend_v at_o the_o cost_n and_o charge_n of_o the_o say_a city_n until_o the_o cost_n be_v full_o levy_v of_o his_o good_n and_o chattel_n or_o other_o his_o tenement_n if_o â—eed_v be_v item_n if_o any_o house_n be_v find_v within_o the_o say_a city_n or_o the_o suburb_n of_o the_o same_o cover_v with_o straw_n reed_n or_o thatch_n he_o to_o who_o the_o house_n belong_v shall_v pay_v to_o the_o sheriff_n for_o the_o time_n be_v forty_o shilling_n and_o shall_v be_v compel_v to_o take_v away_o the_o same_o cover_n item_n if_o any_o house_n within_o the_o say_a city_n be_v burn_v so_o that_o the_o flame_n of_o the_o fire_n be_v see_v out_o of_o the_o house_n he_o which_o dwell_v in_o the_o say_a house_n shall_v pay_v to_o the_o sheriff_n forty_o shilling_n in_o a_o red_a purse_n item_n the_o mayor_n aldermen_z and_o sheriff_n and_o all_o other_o officer_n and_o minister_n of_o the_o say_a city_n be_v to_o be_v choose_v by_o the_o same_o city_n viz._n at_o the_o time_n when_o the_o mayor_n shall_v be_v choose_v the_o commons_o of_o the_o same_o city_n shall_v by_o custom_n be_v assemble_v in_o the_o guild_n hall_n and_o the_o same_o commons_o shall_v make_v election_n of_o two_o honest_a man_n of_o the_o say_a city_n of_o who_o the_o one_o shall_v be_v mayor_n and_o the_o name_n of_o the_o say_v two_o honest_a man_n shall_v be_v carry_v before_o the_o mayor_n and_o alderman_n which_o be_v for_o the_o time_n within_o the_o chamber_n of_o the_o guild-hall_n and_o then_o the_o one_o of_o they_o shall_v be_v choose_v to_o be_v mayor_n by_o the_o say_a mayor_n and_o alderman_n by_o way_n of_o screame_n and_o the_o say_a mayor_n so_o new_o choose_v the_o morrow_n after_o the_o feast_n of_o simon_n and_o jude_n shall_v be_v present_v before_o the_o bacon_n of_o the_o exchequer_n at_o westminster_n or_o in_o their_o absence_n to_o the_o constable_n of_o the_o tower_n and_o afterward_o shall_v be_v present_v to_o our_o sovereign_a lord_n the_o king_n himself_o according_a to_o the_o content_a of_o the_o charter_n of_o the_o say_a city_n and_o the_o say_a mayor_n shall_v have_v the_o government_n of_o the_o say_a city_n under_o the_o king_n for_o the_o year_n follow_v and_o the_o say_a mayor_n shall_v take_v fifty_o mark_n a_o year_n for_o the_o of_o coâ—n_n and_o fifty_o mark_n in_o time_n of_o peace_n of_o the_o merthant_n of_o anzen_n corby_n and_o needle_n according_a to_o the_o ancient_a order_n thereupon_o make_v and_o every_o mayor_n shall_v hold_v his_o general_a court_n at_o the_o guild_n hall_n the_o monday_n after_o the_o feast_n of_o the_o epiphany_n and_o then_o shall_v be_v assemble_v all_o the_o alderman_n of_o the_o same_o city_n and_o all_o the_o constable_n scavenger_n and_o beadle_n shall_v be_v swear_v anew_o well_o and_o faithful_o to_o do_v their_o office_n during_o the_o time_n they_o shall_v be_v officer_n and_o the_o wardmote_n hold_v by_o the_o alderman_n and_o the_o default_n find_v shall_v be_v then_o deliver_v up_o by_o the_o say_a alderman_n in_o writing_n and_o the_o default_n find_v in_o the_o ward_n shall_v be_v inquire_v and_o examine_v and_o the_o mayor_n for_o the_o time_n be_v by_o custom_n of_o the_o same_o city_n for_o maintenance_n of_o the_o peace_n and_o for_o the_o quiet_a of_o the_o city_n have_v authority_n to_o arrest_v and_o imprison_v the_o disturber_n of_o the_o peace_n and_o other_o malefactor_n for_o rebellion_n or_o lewd_a expense_n and_o other_o default_n according_a to_o their_o discretion_n without_o be_v appeach_v or_o afterward_o implead_v for_o the_o same_o item_n no_o mayor_n shall_v be_v choose_v within_o the_o say_a city_n before_o that_o he_o have_v be_v sheriff_n of_o the_o same_o city_n a_o year_n before_o item_n the_o mayor_n of_o london_n which_o have_v be_v for_o the_o time_n be_v accustom_v to_o have_v their_o sword_n bear_v upright_o before_o they_o within_o the_o say_a city_n and_o without_o the_o put_v the_o same_o down_o in_o the_o presence_n of_o any_o except_o the_o king_n and_o that_o sword_n be_v call_v the_o king_n sword_n also_o the_o sheriff_n of_o london_n be_v choose_v by_o custom_n of_o the_o say_a city_n on_o st._n matthews_n day_n in_o the_o guild-hall_n viz_o the_o one_o shall_v be_v choose_v by_o the_o mayor_n and_o the_o other_o by_o the_o commons_o and_o the_o say_a sheriff_n shall_v afterward_o be_v swear_v within_o the_o say_a guild-hall_n and_o the_o morrow_n after_o st._n michal_n present_v into_o the_o exchequer_n by_o the_o constable_n of_o the_o tower_n according_a to_o the_o form_n of_o the_o charter_n of_o the_o city_n as_o be_v aforesaid_a and_o the_o same_o sheriff_n shall_v have_v free_a election_n of_o all_o their_o officer_n and_o of_o their_o farmour_n and_o bailiff_n as_o well_o within_o the_o city_n as_o the_o county_n of_o middlesex_n and_o of_o the_o gaoler_n of_o the_o prison_n within_o the_o say_a city_n at_o their_o will_n and_o the_o same_o sheriff_n pay_v and_o be_v accomptant_n yearly_a to_o the_o king_n exchequer_n for_o the_o farm_n of_o the_o say_a city_n and_o county_n of_o middlesex_n according_a to_o the_o form_n of_o the_o say_a city_n and_o charter_n and_o by_o reason_n of_o that_o farm_n the_o say_a sheriff_n ought_v to_o have_v the_o ancient_a toll_n and_o custom_n of_o merchandize_n come_v into_o the_o city_n and_o go_v out_o of_o the_o same_o and_o forfeiture_n fine_n and_o amerciament_n and_o all_o other_o commodity_n of_o ancient_a time_n belong_v to_o their_o office_n and_o no_o merchandize_n shall_v pass_v out_o of_o the_o city_n by_o land_n nor_o by_o water_n by_o cart_n horse_n nor_o portage_n by_o man_n without_o a_o warrant_n seal_v by_o the_o say_a sheriff_n and_o foreigner_n must_v pay_v for_o their_o issue_n according_a to_o the_o ancient_a custom_n item_n the_o alderman_n every_o year_n be_v elect_v at_o the_o feast_n of_o st._n gregory_n and_o swear_v and_o present_v to_o the_o mayor_n and_o the_o say_a alderman_n be_v choose_v by_o man_n of_o the_o same_o ward_n which_o alderman_n ought_v to_o keep_v their_o wardmote_n item_n upon_o the_o death_n of_o the_o alderman_n of_o any_o ward_n the_o inhabitant_n in_o the_o ward_n be_v to_o choose_v a_o new_a alderman_n for_o their_o ward_n who_o they_o think_v good_a and_o be_v to_o certify_v the_o lord_n mayor_n of_o their_o choice_n who_o be_v to_o declare_v the_o same_o to_o the_o court_n of_o alderman_n at_o their_o next_o meeting_n and_o then_o to_o give_v the_o ward_n notice_n of_o their_o like_n of_o the_o choice_n but_o if_o it_o be_v a_o easy_a and_o quiet_a ward_n then_o by_o order_n either_o the_o lord_n mayor_n or_o elder_a knight_n on_o the_o bench_n be_v to_o have_v the_o same_o ward_n as_o alderman_n thereof_o yet_o the_o election_n be_v in_o the_o ward_n absolute_a of_o themselves_o who_o they_o will_v choose_v the_o commission_n and_o article_n of_o the_o ward-mote_n inquest_n by_o the_o mayor_n to_o the_o alderman_n of_o the_o ward_n 1._o we_o charge_v and_o command_v you_o year_n that_o upon_o st._n
person_n for_o divide_v house_n or_o inmate_n to_o write_v the_o name_n and_o addition_n to_o the_o present_a landlord_n receive_v the_o rent_n and_o the_o name_n of_o the_o tenant_n in_o possession_n and_o of_o the_o inmate_n in_o any_o house_n and_o also_o to_o write_v in_o the_o margin_n on_o the_o side_n of_o every_o presentment_n the_o name_n or_o name_n upon_o who_o evidence_n you_o make_v such_o presentment_n a_o act_n of_o parliament_n for_o the_o preservation_n of_o the_o river_n of_o thames_n make_v in_o the_o 27._o year_n of_o king_n henry_n the_o 8._o where_o before_o this_o time_n the_o river_n of_o thames_n among_o all_o river_n within_o this_o realm_n have_v be_v accept_v and_o take_v and_o as_o it_o be_v indeed_o most_o commodious_a and_o profitable_a unto_o all_o the_o king_n liege_n people_n and_o chief_o of_o all_o other_o frequent_v and_o use_v and_o as_o well_o by_o the_o king_n highness_n his_o estate_n and_o noble_n merchant_n and_o other_o repair_n to_o the_o city_n of_o london_n and_o other_o place_n shire_n and_o county_n adjoin_v to_o the_o same_o which_o river_n of_o thames_n be_v and_o have_v be_v most_o meet_a and_o convenient_a of_o all_o other_o for_o the_o safeguard_n and_o order_n of_o the_o king_n navy_n conveyance_n oâ—_n merchandize_v and_o other_o necessary_n to_o and_o for_o the_o king_n most_o honourable_a household_n and_o otherwise_o to_o the_o great_a relief_n and_o comfort_n of_o all_o person_n within_o this_o realm_n till_o now_o of_o late_a divers_a evil-disposed_n person_n partly_o by_o misorder_v of_o the_o say_a river_n by_o cast_v in_o of_o dung_n and_o other_o filth_n lay_v nigh_o to_o the_o bank_n of_o the_o say_a river_n dig_v and_o undermine_v of_o the_o bank_n and_o wall_n next_o adjoin_v to_o the_o same_o river_n carry_v and_o convergh_v away_o of_o way-shides_a shore-pile_n board_n timber-work_n ballast_n for_o ship_n and_o other_o thing_n from_o the_o say_a bank_n and_o wall_n in_o sundry_a place_n by_o reason_n whereof_o great_a shelf_n and_o rise_n have_v of_o late_o be_v make_v and_o grow_v in_o the_o farway_v of_o the_o say_a river_n and_o such_o ground_n as_o lie_v within_o the_o level_n of_o the_o say_v water-mark_a by_o occasion_n thereof_o have_v be_v surround_v and_o overflow_v by_o rage_n of_o the_o say_a water_n and_o many_o great_a breach_n have_v ensue_v and_o follow_v thereupon_o and_o daily_o be_v like_a to_o do_v and_o the_o say_a river_n of_o thames_n to_o be_v utter_o destroy_v for_o ever_o if_o convenient_a and_o speedy_a remedy_n be_v not_o soon_o provide_v in_o that_o behalf_n for_o reformation_n whereof_o be_v it_o enact_v establish_v and_o ordain_v by_o the_o king_n our_o sovereign_a lord_n and_o by_o the_o assent_n of_o the_o lord_n spiritual_a and_o temporal_a and_o the_o commons_o in_o this_o present_a parliament_n assemble_v and_o by_o the_o authority_n of_o the_o same_o that_o if_o any_o person_n or_o person_n hereafter_o do_v or_o procure_v any_o thing_n to_o be_v do_v in_o the_o annoy_v of_o the_o stream_n of_o the_o say_a river_n of_o thames_n make_v of_o shelf_n by_o any_o manner_n of_o mean_n by_o mining_n digging_z cast_v of_o dung_n or_o rubbish_n or_o other_o thing_n in_o the_o same_o river_n or_o take_v pluck_v or_o convey_v away_o any_o board_n stake_n pile_n timberwork_n or_o other_o thing_n from_o the_o say_a bank_n or_o wall_n except_o it_o be_v to_o amend_v and_o the_o same_o to_o repair_v again_o or_o dig_v or_o undermine_v any_o bank_n or_o wall_n on_o the_o water_n side_n of_o thames_n aforesaid_a to_o the_o hurt_n impair_n or_o damage_n of_o any_o the_o say_a wall_n &_o bank_n than_o the_o same_o person_n or_o person_n and_o every_o of_o they_o shall_v forfeit_v and_o pay_v for_o every_o time_n so_o offend_v one_o hundred_o shilling_n the_o one_o moiety_n thereof_o to_o be_v to_o the_o king_n our_o sovereign_a lord_n and_o the_o other_o moiety_n thereof_o to_o the_o mayor_n and_o commonalty_n of_o london_n for_o the_o time_n be_v the_o same_o to_o be_v recover_v &_o obtain_v by_o the_o mayor_n &_o commonalty_n of_o london_n by_o bill_n or_o plaint_n write_v of_o debt_n or_o information_n several_o against_o every_o offender_n in_o any_o of_o the_o king_n court_n in_o which_o action_n and_o suit_n or_o any_o of_o they_o the_o party_n defendant_n shall_v not_o be_v essoyn_v or_o wage_v his_o law_n or_o any_o protection_n to_o be_v allow_v in_o the_o same_o and_o it_o be_v further_o enact_v by_o the_o authority_n aforesaid_a that_o if_o complaint_n shall_v happen_v to_o be_v make_v to_o the_o lord_n chancellor_n of_o england_n lord_n treasurer_n lord_n precedent_n of_o the_o king_n council_n lord_n privy_a seal_n or_o to_o any_o of_o they_o by_o any_o person_n or_o person_n or_o body_n politic_a that_o sir_n thomas_n spert_a knight_n now_o have_v the_o office_n and_o order_n of_o &_o for_o ballast_n of_o ship_n or_o any_o other_o that_o hereafter_o shall_v have_v the_o office_n and_o order_n of_o ballast_n of_o ship_n do_v take_v any_o ballast_n for_o ship_n near_o the_o say_a river_n of_o thames_n and_o do_v not_o take_v for_o parcel_n of_o the_o say_a ballast_n the_o gravel_n and_o sand_n of_o the_o shelf_n between_o greenhith_n and_o richmond_n within_o the_o say_a river_n of_o thames_n or_o in_o any_o place_n or_o place_n that_o be_v or_o shall_v be_v unto_o the_o damage_n or_o annoyance_n of_o the_o say_a river_n of_o thames_n or_o in_o any_o part_n thereof_o that_o then_o upon_o every_o such_o complaint_n the_o say_a lord_n chancellor_n lord_n treasurer_n lord_n precedent_n of_o the_o king_n most_o honourable_a council_n lord_n privy_a seal_n and_o every_o of_o they_o call_v both_o the_o chief_a justice_n of_o either_o bench_n or_o one_o of_o they_o shall_v have_v power_n and_o authority_n from_o time_n to_o time_n to_o hear_v and_o final_o determine_v every_o such_o complaint_n by_o their_o discretion_n and_o to_o put_v such_o order_n therein_o for_o the_o take_n of_o ballast_n for_o ship_n upon_o every_o such_o complaint_n as_o by_o their_o discretion_n shall_v seem_v most_o convenient_a for_o the_o preservation_n of_o the_o say_a river_n of_o thames_n and_o the_o party_n offend_v such_o order_n shall_v suffer_v imprisonment_n and_o make_v no_o less_o fine_a than_o five_o pound_n to_o the_o king_n use_n for_o every_o time_n offend_v or_o break_v the_o same_o provide_v always_o and_o be_v it_o enact_v that_o it_o shall_v be_v lawful_a to_o every_o person_n and_o person_n to_o dig_v carry_v and_o take_v away_o sand_n gravel_n or_o other_o rubbish_n earth_n or_o thing_n lie_v or_o be_v in_o or_o upon_o any_o shelf_n or_o shelf_n within_o the_o say_a river_n of_o thames_n with_o out_o let_v or_o interruption_n of_o any_o person_n or_o person_n or_o pay_v any_o thing_n for_o the_o same_o any_o thing_n contain_v in_o this_o present_a act_n to_o the_o contrary_a notwithstanding_o a_o act_n of_o common_a council_n concern_v the_o conservation_n and_o cleanse_n of_o the_o river_n of_o thames_n make_v the_o 28._o of_o september_n in_o the_o 30._o year_n of_o king_n henry_n the_o 8._o where_o by_o the_o statute_n make_v in_o the_o 27._o year_n of_o the_o reign_n of_o our_o sovereign_a lord_n king_n henry_n the_o eight_o among_o other_o for_o reformation_n of_o the_o misorder_n of_o the_o river_n of_o thames_n by_o cast_v in_o dung_n and_o other_o filth_n many_o great_a shelf_n and_o other_o rise_n have_v be_v of_o late_o grow_v and_o make_v within_o the_o same_o river_n by_o reason_n whereof_o many_o great_a breach_n have_v ensue_v by_o occasion_n thereof_o which_o of_o like_a shall_v be_v the_o occasion_n of_o the_o utter_a destruction_n of_o the_o say_a river_n unless_o that_o the_o same_o law_n be_v put_v in_o due_a execution_n according_a to_o the_o true_a intent_n and_o meaning_n thereof_o wherefore_o for_o a_o further_a reformation_n of_o the_o same_o and_o to_o the_o intent_n that_o the_o say_v good_a and_o wholesome_a statute_n may_v be_v put_v in_o more_o execution_n and_o better_a knowledge_n of_o the_o people_n it_o be_v enact_v by_o the_o authority_n of_o this_o common_a council_n that_o proclamation_n may_v be_v make_v within_o this_o say_a city_n and_o the_o same_o to_o be_v put_v in_o writing_n and_o table_n thereof_o make_v and_o and_o set_v up_o in_o divers_a place_n of_o this_o city_n that_o it_o shall_v be_v lawful_o to_o every_o person_n or_o person_n to_o dig_v carry_v away_o and_o take_v away_o sand_n gravel_n or_o any_o rubbish_n earth_n or_o any_o thing_n lie_v or_o be_v in_o any_o shelve_n or_o shelf_n within_o the_o say_a river_n of_o thames_n without_o let_v or_o interruption_n of_o any_o person_n or_o person_n and_o without_o any_o thing_n pay_v for_o the_o same_o and_o after_o that_o to_o sell_v the_o same_o