Pace had a sonne at his circumcision named Haly hee would be called Aven Pace concealing Haly but his sonne howsoever hee were named would be called Aven-Haly c. So Surnames passing from father to sonne and coÌ„tinuing to their issue was not antiently in vse among any people in the world Yet to these single Names were adioyned oftentimes other names as Cognomina or Sobriquetts as the French call them and By-names or Nicke-names as we terme them if that word be indifferent to good and bad which still did die with the bearer and never descended to posteritie That we may not exemplifie in other nations which would afforde great plenty but in our own King Eadgar was called the Peaceable king Ethelred the Vnreadie king Edmund for his Valour Iron-side king Harold the Hare-foote Eadric the Streona that is the Getter or Streiner Siward the Degera that is the Valiant King William the first Bastard king William the second Rouse that is the Red king Henry the first Beauclarke that is Fine Scholler so in the house of Aniou which obtained the Crowne of England Geffrey the first Earle of Aniou was surnamed Grisogonel that is Grey-cloake Fulco his sonne Nerra his grand-childe Rechiâ— for his extortion Againe his grand-childe Plantagenet for that he ware commonly a broome-stalke in his bonnet His sonne Henry the second king of England Fitz-Empresse because his mother was Empresse his sonne king Richard had for surname Corde-Lion for his lion-like courage as Iohn was called Sans-terre that is Without land So that wheras these names were never taken vp by the sonne I knowe not why any should thinke Plantagenet to be the surname of the royall house of England albeit in late yeeres many have so accounted it Neither is it lesse strange why so many should thinke Theodore or Tydur as they contract it to be the surname of the Princes of this Realme since king Henry the seaventh For albeit Owen ap Merâ—dith Tydur which married Katharine the daughter of Charles the sixth king of France was grandfather to king Henry the seventh yet that Tydur or Theodore was but the Christian name of Owens grandfather For Owens father was Meredith ap Tydur Ap Grone Ap Tydur who all without Surnames iterated Christian names after the olde manner of the Britaines and other nations heeretofore noted and so lineally deduced his pedegree from Cadwallader king of the Britans as was found by Commission directed to Griffin ap Lewellin Gitteu Owen Iohn King and other learned men both English and Welsh in the seaventh yeare of the said king Henry the seventh Likewise in the line Royall of Scotland Milcolme or Malcolme was surnamed Canmore that is Great head and his brother Donald Ban that is White Alexander the first the Prowde Malcolme the fourth the Virgine William his brother the Lion As amongest the Princes of Wales Brochvail Schitrauc that is Gaggtothed Gurind Barmbtruch that is Spade-bearded Elidir Coscorvaur that is Heliodor the Great house-keeper and so in Ireland Murough Duff that is Blacke 〈◊〉 Roo that is Red Nemoliah that is full of wounds Patric Ban that is White Gavelcâ— that is Fetters To seeke therefore the auntient Surnames of the royall and most antient families of Europe is to seeke that which never was And therefore greatly are they deceived which thinke Valoys to have beene the surname of the late French kings or Borbon of this present king or Habsburg or Austriac of the Spanish king or Steward of the late kings of Scotland and now of BRITAINE or Oldenburg of the Danish For as all know that have but sipped of Histories Valoys was but the Apponage and Earledome of Charles yonger sonne to Philip the second from whome the late kings descended so Borbon was the inheritance of Robert a yonger sonne to saint Lewes of whom this king is descended Habsburg and Austria were but the olde possessions of the Emperors and Spanish Kings progenitours Steward was but the name of office to Walter who was high Steward of Scotland the progenitour of Robert first King of Scots of that family and of the King our Soveraigne And Oldenburg was but the Erledome of Christian the first Danish king of this family elected about 1448. But yet Plâ—â—tagenet Steward Valois Borbon Habsburg c. by prescription of time have prevailed so farre as they are now accounted surnames But for surnames of Princes well said the learned Marcus Salon de Pace Reges cognomiue now vtâ—ntur qâ—â—ia vt Regum familiae agnationes memoriae conserventur 〈◊〉 cognomina non sunt necessaria prout in alijs inferioribus quorum ipsa cognomina agnationum ac familiarum memoriâ—â— tutantur About the yeare of our Lord 1000. that we may not minute out the time surnames beganne to be taken vp in France and in England about the time of the Conquest or else a very little before vnder King Edward the Confessor who was all Frenchified And to this time doe the Scottishmen referre the antiquitie of their surnames although Buchanan supposeth that they were not in vse in Scotland many yeares after But in England certaine it is that as the better sort even from the Conquest by little and little tooke surnames so they were not setled among the common people fully vntill about the time of King Edward the second but still varied according to the fathers name as Richardson if his father were Richard Hodgeson if his father were Roger or in some other respect and from thenceforth beganne to be established some say by statute in their posteritie This will seeme strange to some Englishmen and Scotishmen which like the Arcadians thinke their surnames as ancient as the Moone or at the least to reach many an age beyond the Conquest But they which thinke it most strange I speake vnder correction I doubt they will hardly finde any surname which descended to posteritie before that time Neyther have they seene I feare any deede or donation before the Conquest but subsigned with crosses and single names without surnames in this manner in England Ego Eadredus confirmavi ✚ Ego Edmundus corroboravi ✚ Ego Sigarius conclusi ✚ Ego Olfstanus consolidavi c. Likewise for Scotland in an old booke of Duresme in the Charter whereby Edgare sonne of King Malcolme gave lands neere Coldingham to that Church in the yeare 1097. the Scottish Noblemen witnesses therevnto had no other surnames than the Christian names of their fathers For thus they signed S. ✚ Gulfi filij Mâ—niani S ✚ Culverti filij Donecani S ✚ Olavi filij Oghe c. As for my selfe I never hitherto found any hereditarie Surname before the Conquest neither any that I know and yet both I my selfe and divers whom I know have pored and pusled vpon many an old Record and Evidence to satisfie our selves heerein and for my part I will acknowledge my selfe greatly indebted to them that wil cleare me this doubt But about the time of the Conquest I
amiddest the ennemies And God bee thanked I have sufficient revenews left by my Aâ—ncestours to maintaine me in your service Whereupon the Prince praising his prudence and liberalitie confirmed his gift made to his Esquiers and assigned him moreover sixe hundred markes of like land in England â—rossard William Wickham after Bishoppe of Winchester came into the service and also into the great favour of King Edward the third by beeing overseer of his great woorke at Windesor wheras before he served as a poore parish priest Wherfore he caused to be written in one of his windows This worke made Wickham Which being tolde vnto the King hee was offended with Wickham as though hee had gone about to robbe him of the glorie of that magnificent worke But when Wickham tolde him that his meaning was that that worke had beene his making and advauncement the King rested content and satisfied Vita Wiccami When the saide William Wickham as it is commonlie saide sued vnto Edward the third for the Bishoppricke of Winchester the King tolde him that hee was vnmeete for it because he was vnlearned but hee saide In recompence thereof I will make many learned men The which hee performed indeed For he founded New Colledge in Oxford and another in Winchester which houses have affoorded verie many learned men both to the Church and to the Common-wealth When Henry of Lancaster surnamed the Good Earle of Darby had taken 1341. Bigerac in Gascoigne hee gave and graunted to every souldier the house which every one should first seaze vpon with all therein A certaine souldier of his brâ—ke into a Mint-maisters house where hee found so great a masse of money that hee amazed therewith as a prey greater than his desert or desire signified the same vnto the Earle who with a liberall minde aunswered It is not for my state to play boyes play to give and take Take thou the money if it were thrice as much Walsingham When newes was bâ—ought vnto king Richard the second that his vnkles of Yorke and Gloucester the Earles of Arundell Warwicke Darby and Nottingham with other of that faction who sought to reforme the misorders of the King or rather of his wicked Counsellors were assembled in a woodde neere vnto the Court after hee had asked other mens opinions what was to be done in so weightie and doubtfull a case At length hee mernly demaunded of one sir Hugh a Linne who had beene a good militarie man in his dayes but was then somewhat distraught of his wittes what he would advise him to doe Issue out quoth sir Hugh and let vs set vppon them and stay them every mothers sonne and by Gods eyes when thou hast so done thou hast killed all the faithfull friendes that thou hast in England Anonymus KIng Henry the fourth a wise Prince who full well knew the humour of the English in his admonition to his sonne at his death saide Of Englishmen so long as they have wealth and riches so long sâ—alt thou have obeysance but when they be poore then they be alwayes ready to make insurrections at every motion Hall King Henry the fourth during his sickenes caused his Crowne to be set on his pillow at his beds head and sodainâ—ly his pangue so sore troubled him that hee lay as though his vitall spirites had beene from him departed Such chamberlaines as had the care and charge of his bodie thinking him to be dead covered his face with a linnen cloth The Prince his sonne being thereof advertised entred into the chamber and tooke away the Crowne and departed The father being sodainely revived out of his traunce quickely perceived that his Crowne was taken away and vnderstanding that the Prince his sonne had it caused him to repaire to his presence requiring of him for what cause he had so mis-used himselfe The Prince with a good audacitie answered Sir to mine and all men iudgements you seemed dead in this world wherefore I as your next and apparant heire tooke that as mine owne not as yours Well faire sonne saide the King with a great sigh what right I had to it and how I enioyed it God knoweth Well quoth the Prince if you die King I will have the garland and trust to keepe it with the Sworde against all mine enemies as you have done Hall KIng Henry the fift when he prepared warres against Fraunce the Dolphin of Fraunce sent him a present of Paris Balles in derision but hee returned for answere That he would shortly resend him London Balles which should shake Paris Walles Anonymus Angticè When King Henry the fift had given that famous overthrowe vnto the French at Agincourt hee fell downe vppon his knees and commaunded his whole armie to doe the same saying that verse in the Psalme Non nobis Domine non nobis sed nomini tuo da gloriam Not vnto vs O Lord not vs but vnto thy name give the glorie HEnry the sixt did take all iniuries whereof he received plenty so patiently that he not only did not seek to revenge them but Gave God thankes that hee did send them to punish his sinnes in this life that hee might escape punishment in the life to come Vita Henrici Sexti As the Emperor Fredericke the third when he heard of the death of a great noble man of Austria who lived ninety three yeeres most wickedly in fleshly pleasures and yet never once afflicted with griefe or sickenes saide This proâ—veth that which Divines teach that after death there is some place where wee receive rewarde or punishment when wee see often in this worlde neyther the iust rewarded nor the wicked punished The same King Henry having in Christmasse a shew of yoong women with their bare breasts layde out presented before him hee immediately departed with these wordes Fie fie for shame forsooth you be too blame Idem He receiving on a time a great blowe by a wicked man which compassed his death hee onely sayde Forsooth forsooth yee doe fowly to smite a King annoynted Not long before his death being demaunded why hee had so long held the Crowne of England vniustly hee replied My father was King of England quietly enioying the Crowne all his raigne and his father my grandfire was also king of England and I even a childe in cradle was proclaimed and crowned King without any interruption and so held it fortie yeeres wel-neere all the states doing homage vnto mee as to my Auncestors Therefore wiâ—â— I say with King David My lot is fallen in a faire ground I have a goodly heritage my helpe is from the Lord which saveth the vpright in heart Idem Thomas Montacute â—arle of Sarisbury when hee besieged Orleans and had so enforced it that the Inhabitants were willing to articulate and to yeelde themselves to the Duke of Burgundie then being in his company he highly disdaining it saide in the English proverbe I wil not beate the bush and another shal have the birdes Which proverbiall speech so offended the
Burgundian that it wholy alienated his minde from the English to their great losse in all the French warres following Paulus Aemilius Lib. 10. Iohn Lorde Talbot first Earle of Shrewsbury of that familie supprised vppon the sodaine by the French army at Chastilion farre from cowardly fâ—are of death and fatherly affected to his sonne the Lorde â—isle who woulde not forsake him in that danger advised him to fâ—le saying My death in respect of my former exploites can not be but honourable and in respect of thy youth neither can it be honourable for thee to die nor dishonourable to fâ—ie But this yong Lord in height of courage nothing degenerating from so worthy a father lost his life with his father in the field and with them a base sonne and a sonne in lawe of the sayde Earles Paulus Aemilius Lib. 10. Commentarij Pij PP 2. Lib. 6. After this battell when the flames of inward warre beganne to flash out in England the martiall men of England were called home out of Fraunce to maintaine the factions heere at which time a French Captaine scoffingly asked an English-man when they woulde returne againe into Fraunce He answered feelingly and vpon a true ground When your sinnes shal be greater and more grievous in the sight of God than ours are now ¶ Vntill this time from the beginning of King Edward the first which was about an hundred and sixtie yeeres whosoever will with a marking eie consider the comportment of the English Nation the concurrent of martiall men their Councells military discipline designs actions and exploites not onely out of our owne Writers but also forraine Historians cannot but acknowledge that they were men of especiall worth and their prowesse both great and glorious Why afterward it should decay as all other professions which even like plants have their times of beginning or in-rooting their growing vp their flourishing their maturitie and than these fading were a disquisition for the learned Whether it proceedeth from celestiall influence or those Angelles which Plato makes or the Secundei which Trithâ—â—â—ius imagined to have the regiment of the world successively or from the degenerating of numbers into summes which I confesse I vnderstand not being an ignorant in abstruse learning Onely I have read in Paterculus that when either envie or admiration hath given mâ—n an edge to ascend to the highest and when they can ascend no higher after a while they must naturally descend Yet I relie vpon that of Eccclesiastes as I vnderstand it Cuncta fecit bona in tempore suâ— Deus mundum tradidit disputationi eorum vt non inveniat home quod operatus est Deus ab initio vsque ad finem But pardon mee I cannot tell how I have beene by admiration of our Progenitours diverted from my purpose In the yeere of our Lord 1416. when a fifteene hundred English vnder the coÌ„duct of I Beaufort erle of Derset were encompassed betweene the sea and fifteen thousand French The Erle of Arminac generall of the French sent to the Earle advising him to yeelde himselfe but hee answered It is not the manner of the English to yeelde without blowes neither am I so heartlesse that I will deliver my selfe into their handes whom God â—ay deliver into mine And accordingly God gave him the honour of the day to the great confusion of the enemy Walsingham in Ypodigmate VVHen Elizabeth the widow of sir Iohn Gray was a suter vnto King Edward the fourth against whome her husband lost his life for her ioynture the kinde King became also a suter to her vnto her for a nights lodging But she wisely answered him when hee became importunate That as she did account her selfe too base to be his wife so shee did thinke her selfe too good to be his 〈◊〉 When love grew so hote in this K. Edward the fourth that hee would needes marry the saide Elizabeth widow of sir Iohn Grey to the great discontent of his Counsell but especially of his mother who alleaging many reasons to the contrary saide That onely widowhood might be sufficient to restraine him for that it was high disparagement to a King to be dishonoured with bigamy in his first marriage The King merrily aunswered In that shee is a widdow and hath already children by Gods blessed Lady I am a batcheller and have some too and so each of vs hath a proofe that neither of vs are like to be barren And therefore Madam I pray you be content I trust in God she shal bring you forth a yong Prince that shall please you And as for the bigamy let the Bishop hardly lay it in my way when I come to take Orders for I vnderstand it is forbidden to a Priest but I never wist it yet that it was forbidden to a Prince His note love neverthelesse was partable among three other of his Mistresses of whome hee was woont to say The one was the fairest the other the merriest and the third the holiest for she had wholy devoted her selfe to his bedde and her beades When Lewes the eleaventh French King entertained diverse Councellors of king Edward the fourth with large pensions to steede him in England hee sent Peter Cleret one of the maisters of his housholde vnto the Lorde Hastings the Kings Chamberlaine to present him with twoo thousand crownes Which when he had received Petre Cleret did pray him that for his discharge he would make him an acquittance The Lorde Chamberlaine made a great difficultie thereat Then Cleret dooth request him againe that hee would give vnto him onely a letter of three lines for his discharge to the King signifying that hee had received them The Lord Chamberlaine answered Sir that which you say is very reasonable but the gift comes from the goodwill of the King your Maister and not at my request at all If it please you that I shall have it you shall put it within the pocket of my sleeve and you shall have no other acquittance of me For I will never it shal be saide for mee that the Lorde Chamberlaine of the King of England had beene Pentioner to the King of Fraunce Nor that my acquittances shal be found in the Chamber of accompts in Fraunce The aforesâ—id Cleret went away male-content but left his money with him and came to tell his message to his King who was very angry with him But thenceforth the Lord Chamberlaine of England was more esteemed with the French and alwayes payde without acquittance Philippe de Commines KIng Richard the third whose monstrous birth foreshewed his monstrous proceedings for he was born with all his teeth and haire to his shoulders albeit hee lived wickedly yet made good Lawes and when diverse shires of England offered him a benevolence hee refused it saying I know not in what sence I haa rather have your hearts than your money Ioannes Rossus Warwiceusis Iohn Morton then Bishoppe of Elie but afterward of Canterbury being solicited by the Duke of Buckingham then
Schollers who were bigge men Which when the Emperour sawe hee smiling saide In good faith Maister Iohn you are no indifferent divider Yes if it like your Highnesse verie indifferent saide he for heere poynting to himselfe and the two great fishes be two great ones and a little one and so yonder reaching his hand towardes the Schollers are two great ones and a little one Idem Wenefridus borne at Kirton in Devonshire after furnamed Boniface who converted Freesel and to Christianitie was wont to say In olde time there were golden Prelats and woodden Chalices but in his time woodden Prelates and golden Chalices Beatus Rhenanus libr. 2. rerum Germenâ—arum Ethelwold the Bishop of Winchester in the time of king Edgar in a great famine solde away all the sacred golde and silver vessells of all his church to releeve the hunger-starved poore people saying That there was no reason that the senselesse temples of God should abound in riches and living temples of the holy-ghost starve for hunger Whenas Kinnad King of Scotâ— a vassall to King Eadgar of England had saide at his Table That it stoode not with the honour of the Princes of this Isle to be subiect to that Dandiprat Eadgar who was indeede but of small stature yet full of courage He vnderstanding thereof withdrew Kinnad privately into a wood as though hee had to conferre with him of some important secret where he offered him the choice of two swords prepared for that purpose with these wordes Now we are alone you may try your manhood now may it appeare who should be subiect to the other retire not one foote backe It standeth not with the honour of Princes to brave it at the Table and not to dare it in the field But Kinad heere-at dismaied desired pardon by excuse and obtained it Malmesburiensis pag. 33. The same king Eadgar having brought into his subiection the aforesaid Kinnad king of Scottes Malcolm king of Cumberland Mac cuis the arch pirate lord of the Isles with Dufnall Griffith Howell Iacob Iudethilâ— Princes of Wales was rowed by them in triumphant manner in his barge vpon the river of Dee at Chester at which time it is reported he saide Then may my successours the Kings of England glorie when they shall doe the like Marianus Scotus Anno 973. When Hinguar of Denmarke came so sodainely vppon Edmund the king of the East-Angles that hee was forced to seeke his safetie by flight hee happened vnhappily on a troupe of Danes who fell to examining of him whether hee knew where the king of the East-Angles was whome Edmund thus answered Even now when I was in the palace he was there and when I went from thence he departed thence and whether he shall escape your handes or no onely God knoweth But so soone as they once heard him name God the godlesse infidells pittifully martired him Vita Sancti Edmundi When Brithwold a noble Saxon marching against the Danes encamped neare Maldon was invited by the Abbot of Elie to take his dinner with him he refusing answered Hee would not dine from his companies because hee could not fight without his companies Liber Eliensis King Canutus commonly called Knute walking on the sea sands neare to Southampton was extolled by some of his flattering followers and tolde that hee was a king of kings the mightiest that raigned farre and neare that both sea and land were at his commaund But this speach did put the godly King in mind of the infinite power of God by whome Kings have and enioy their power and therevpon hee made this demonstration to refell their flatterie He tooke off his cloake and wrapping it round together sâ—te downe vpon it neare to the sea that then beganne to slowe saying Sea I commaund thee that thou touch not my feete 〈◊〉 he had not so soone spoken the worde but the surgâ—ng wave dashed him He then rising vp and going backe saide Ye see now my Lorde what good cause you have to call me a King that am not able by my commaundement to stay one wave no mortaâ—l man doubtlesse is woorthy of such an 〈◊〉 name no man hath such commaund but one King which ruleth all Let vs honour him let vs call him King of all kings and Lord of all nations Let vs not onely confesse bvt also prâ—fesse him to be ruler of the heavens sea anâ— land Polydorus and others When Edric the extorteâ— was deprived by King Câ—ute of the government of Mercia hee impatient of the disgrace tolde him he had deserved better for that to pleasure him hee had first revolted from his Soveraigne king Edmund and also dispatched him Whereat Câ—ute all appalled answered And thou shalt die for thy desert whenâ—â— thou arte a traitour to God and me in killing thy king and my confederate brother His bloud be vpon thy head which hast layed handes vpon the Lordes annoynted Some reporte that he saide For his deserts he should be advaunced above all the Nobilitie of England which hâ— câ—mmediately performed advauncing his head vpon the Tower of London Florilegus King Edward the Confessour one afternoone lying in his bedde with the curtaine drawne round about him a poore pilfering Courtier came into his chamber where finding the Kings Casket open which Hugoline his chamberlaine had forgotten to shut going foorth to pay money in haste hee tooke out so much money as hee couldâ— well carry and went away But insatiable desire brought him againe and so the third time when the King who lay still all this while and would not seeme to see beganne to speake to him and bade him speedily be packing For he was well if hee coulde see for if Hugoline came and tooke him there he were not onely like to loose all that he had gotten but also stretch an halter The fellow was no sooner gone but Hugoline came in and finding the Casket open and much money taken away was greatly mooved But the King willed him not to he grieved For saide he he that hath it had more neede of it then wee have This at that time was adiudged Christian lenitie but I thinke in our age it will be accounted simplicitie in the woorst sense Vita Sancti Edwardi This Edward hasted out of Normandie whither his expelled father king Ethelred had fled with him with a great power to recover the kingdome of England from the Danes neere vnto whose forces hee was encamped ready to give them battell But when his Captaines promised him assured victorie and that they would not leave one Dane alive God forbid quoth Edward that the kingdome should be recovered for me one man by the death of so many thousand men It is better that I do leade a private and vnbloody life then be a King by such but chery And therewithall brake vp Campe and retyred into Normandy where he staied vntill God sent oportunitie to obtaine the kingdome without blood Paulus Aemilius Harold as hee waited on the cup of the said king Edward chanced
to stumble with one foot that he almost kissed the ground but with the other legge he recovered himselfe and saved the wine whereat his father Godwyn Earle of Kent who then dined with the King smiling saâ—d Now one brother did helpe another At this word although spoken proverbially the Kings blood beganne to rise thinking how shamefully they had murdered his brother Alfrede and angerly answered And so might my brother have beene a helpe to me if it had pleased you VitaS Edwards The same king Edward passing out of this life commended his wise to the Nobilitie and said That she had carried her selfe as his wife abroad but as his sister or daughter at home Afterward seeing such as were present weeping and lamenting for him he said If you loved me you would for beare weeping and reioyce because I go to my father with whom I shall receive the ioyes promised to the faithfull not through my merits but by the free mercy of my Saviour which sheweth mercy on whom he pleaseth Eilredus Rivallensis Sywarde the martiall Earle of Northumberland feeling in his sicknes that he drew towards his end arose out of his bed and put on hiâ— Armour saying That it became not a valiant man to die lying like a beast and so he gave vp the Ghost standing As valiantly both spoken and performed as it was by Vespasian When the said Siward vnderstood that his sonne whom he had sent in service against the Scottishmen was staine he demaunded whether his wound were in fore part or hinder paâ—t of his body when it was answered in the fore part he replied I am right glad neither wish any other death to me or mine Hen. Huntâ—ngdon In this age when a Bishop living loosely was charged that his conversation was not according to the Apostles lives he made a mocke at it and excusâ—d himselfe with this verse which was after taken vp for a common excuse in that behalfe Nunc aliud tempus aâ—â—j pro tempere mâ—res Anonymus When the fatall period of the Saxon Empire was now complete and battells were marshalled betweene William Duke of Normandy and Harold King of England Girthe Haroldes yonger brother not holding it best to hazard the kingdome of England at one cast signified to the King that the succâ—sse of warre was doubtfull that victory was swayed rather by fortune than by valour that advised delay was most important in Martiall affaires and if so bee brother said he You have plighted your faith to the Duke retyre your selfe for no force can serve against a mans owne conscience God will revenge the violation of an â—the You may reserve your selfe to give them a new encounter which will be more to their terrour As for me if you will commit the charge to me I will performe both the part of a kinde brother and a couragious Leader For being cleare in conscience I shall sell my life or discomfit your enemy with more felicitie But the King not liking his speech answered I will never turne my backe with dishonour to the Norman neither can I in any sort disgest the reproach of a base minde Wel then be it so said some discontented of the company let him beare the brunt that hath given the occasion Anonymus VVIlliam Conquerour when he invaded this Iland chanced at his arrivall to be graveled and one of his feete stacke so fast in the sand that he fell to the ground Wherewithall one of his attendants caught him by the arme and helped him vp saying Stand vp my â—iege Lord and be of good cheare for now you have taken fast footing in England and then espying that he brought vp sand and earth in his hand added Yea and you have taken livery and seisin of the Country For you know that in delivering of livery and seisin a peece of the earth is taken Hist Normanica A Wizard or a Wise-man as they then called them had fore-told William that he should safely arrive an England with his whole Armie without any impeachment of Harold the which after it came it passe the King sent for the Wizard to conferre further with him But when it was told him that he was drowned in that ship which onely of all the whole fleete miscarried The Conquerour said He would never make account of that science that profited more the ignorant then the skilfull therein for he could fore-see my good fortune but not his owne mishap Idem That morning that he was to ioyne battell with Harold his atmorer put on his backe-peece before and his breast-plate behinde the which being espied by some that stood by was taken on them for an ill token and therefore advised him not to fight that day to whom the Duke answered I force not of such fooleries but if I have any skill 〈◊〉 South-saying as in sooth I have none it doth prognosticate that I shall change copie from a Duke to a King Idem Magike in the time of Nerâ— was discovered to be but a vanitie in the declining state of the Roman Empire accounted by the Gentiles a verity in the time of Hildebrand if we beleeve Authors so approoved that it was commonly practised For as in the time of Valeâ—s divers curious men as hath beene said by the falling of a ring Magically prepared vpon the letters 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 iudged that one Theodorus should succeede in the Empire when indeede Theodosius did So when Hildebrand was Pope by like curiosities it was found that Odo should succcede Wherevppon Odo Earle of Kent and Bishop of Bayeux brother to king William the Conquerour devoured the Papacy in hope sent mony his perswading messengers to Rome perchased a pallace there and prepared thitherward when king William for his presumption and other his misdemenours staied him and committed him saying Offensive foole-hardines must be timely restrained Liber Cadomensis When the same Odâ— who was both Bishop of Baiâ—ux in Normandy and Earle of Kent in former time had so disloyally carried himselfe against king William the Conquerour that he complained of him to his Lords Lanfranc Archbishop of Canterbury advised the King to commit him But what say youâ— quoth the King whenas he is a Clergyman You may not saide he commit the Bishop of Baieux but you may well 〈◊〉 the Earle of Kent W Malmsbur Like vnto this was that distinction of Piramus Secretary to Charles the fift in late yeares when Pope Iulius the second did combine with the French king against the Emperour of the Popes honesty and Iulius dishonesty This King William by reason of sickenes kept his chamber a long time whereat the French King scoffing saide The King of England heth long in childe-bed Which when it was reported vnto King William hee aunswered When I am churched there shal be a thousand lights in France alluding to the lights that women vsed to beare when they were churched and that hee performed within few dayes after wasting the French frontires with fire and sword The
alienated from Richard the third to speake his minde frankely vnto him in matters of State the Bishoppe aunswered him In good faith my Lord I love not much to talke with Princes as a thing not all out of perill although the words be without fault Forasmuch as it shall not be taken as the partie meant it but as it pleaseth the Prince to construe it And ever I thinke on Aesopes tale that when the Lien had proclaimed that on paine of death there should no horned beast abide in that wood one that had in his forehead a bounch of flesh fledde away a great pase The Foxe that sawe him ruune so fast asked him whither he made all that haste hee answered In faith I neither wote nor recke so I were once hence because of this proclamation made of horned beasts What foâ—le quoth the Foxe thou mayest well enough abide the Lion meant not by thee for it is no horne that is vppon thy head No Mary quoth hee that wote I well enough but what and hee call it an horne where am I then Tho Moore Sir Thomas Rokesby being controlde for suffering himselfe to be served in treene Cuppes answered These homelie cuppes and dishes pay truly for that they containe I had rather drinke out of treene and pay golde and silver than drinke out of golde and silver and make woodden payment VVHen Richard the third was slain at Bosworth and with him Iohn Howard Duke of Norffolke King Henry the seaventh demaunded of Thomas Howard Earle of Surrey the Dukes sonne and heire then taken prisoner how he dâ—rst beare Armes in the behalfe of that tyranne Richard He answered He was my crowned King and if the Parliamentary authority of England sette the Crowne vppon a stocke I will fight for that stocke And as I fought then for him I wiâ— fight for you when you are established by the said authoritie And so hee did for his sonne King Henry the eight at Flodden field Anonymus When Margaret the widdow of Charles the Hardie Duke of Bargundie and sister to king Edward the fourth envying much the happy estate and raigne of Henry the seaventh descended of the adverse family of Lancaster had at sundry times suborned two rascalles to counterfeit the persons of her two brothers sonnes thereby to withdrawe the hearts of his subiects and raise vproares in his realme the king sent over vnto Philippe the Duke of Burgundie doctour Warrham afterward Archbishop of Canterbury to informe him of her treachery This Doctour in the latter â—â—d of his Oration thus nipped the seditious Dutchesse That within few yeeres after shee was past threescore yeeres of age she had brought foorth two monsters Lambert and Peter and not in the nine and tenth moneths as women naturally doe but in the hundred and fourescore moneth for they were both about fifteene yeeres of age when shee brought them abroade as it were out of her belly neither were they Crisomers but such childe-choppers that as soone as ever they were borne they were able to wage warre with a mighty King Th More The earle of Kildare being charged before king Henry the seaventh for burning the Metropolitane Church of Cassilles in Ireland and many witnesses procured to avouch the trueth of the Article against him hee sodainely confessed it to the great wondring and detestation of the Counsell Then it was looked how he should iustifie that fact By Iesus quoth hee I would never have done it if it had not beene tolde me that the Archbishop had beene within it And because the Bishop was one of the busiest accusers present merrily laughed the king at the plainnesse of the man to see him alledge that intent for excuse which most of all did aggravate his fault When among many articles the last article exhibited by the Irish against that Earle of Kildare the last was Finally All Ireland cannot rule this Earle Then quoth the King shall this Earle rule all Ireland and shortly after hee made him Deputie thereof When one reprooved King Henry the seaventh for his slownesse in making warres on those that wronged him he answered If we Princes should take every occasion that is offered vs the worlde should never be quiet but wearied with continuall warres When a Gentleman none of the wisest tolde King Henry the seaventh that hee found sir Richard Grâ—ftes who was made Banneret at the battell of Stoke to be a very wise man The King answered Hee doubted not that but marvelled much how a foole could knowe a wiseman It hâ—ppened that there was fallen in communication the story of Ioseph how his maister Putiphars wife a great mâ—n with the King of Aegipt would have pulled him to â—eâ—bâ—d â—nâ— he fled away Now Maister Mâ—â—o hee was the King Almoner quoth king Henry the seaventh You be a tall strong man on the one side and a cunning Doctor on the other side what would you have done if you had not beene Ioseph but in Iosephs steade By my troth fir quoth he and it like your Grace I cannot tell what I would have done but I can tell you what I should have done Tho Moore The Lady Margaret Countesse of Richmond mother to king Henry the seaventh a most worthy Patronesse of good Letters would often say On the condition that Princes of Christendome would combine themselves and march against the common enemy the Turke shee would most wilâ—ingly attend them and be their Laundresse in the campe There was a poore blind man in Warwick-shire that was accounted verie cunning in prognosticating of weather vpon a day Empson a great lawier as hee road that way sayd in scorne of his cunning I pray you tell me father when doth the Sunne change The chafed old man that knew his corrupt conscience answered when such a wicked Lawier as you goeth to heauen Doctor Collet the Deane of Paules said that if the Clergie were naught the Laitie were worse for it could not otherwise be but the laye men must ever be one degree vnder the Clergie for surely it can be no 〈◊〉 that our Sauiour sayth himselfe who sayth of the Cleargie that they be the salt of the earth and if the salt once appall the world must needes waxe vnsauerie and he sayeth that the Clergie bee the light of the world and then sayeth he if the light bee darkened how darke will then the darkenesse be that is to wit all the world beside whereof he calleth the Clergie onely the light Cardinall Wolsey his teeth watering at the rich Bishopricke of Winchester sent one vnto Bishop Foxe who had advaunced him vnto the kings service for to move him to resigne the Bishopricke because extreame age had made him blind the which message and motion Foxe did take in so ill part that he willed the messenger to tell the Cardinall thus from him that although olde age bereaving me of sight I know not white from blacke yet I can discerne truth from falshoode and right from wrong yea and that now I
little when I first read it But nothing can bee gathered thereby but that the Saxons our progenitours which planted themselves heere in the West did also to their glorie place Colonies likewise there in the east As in the Latine tongue the learned make in respect of time foure Idioms the Antient the Latine the Roman the Mixt so we in ours may make the Antient English-Saxon and the Mixt. But that you may seeme how powerable time is in altering tongues as all things else I will set downe the Lords prayer as it was translated in sundrie ages that you may see by what degrees our tongue is risen and thereby coniecture how in time it may alter and fall againe If we could set it downe in the antient Saxon I meane in the tongue which the English vsed at their first arrivall heere about 420. yeares after Christs birth it would seeme most strange and harsh Dutch or Gebrish as women call it or when they first embraced Christianitie about the yeare of Christ 600. But the antientst that I can finde was about 900. yeare since about the yeare of Christ 700. found in an antient Saxon glossed Evangelists in the hands of my good friend M. Robert Bowyer written by Eadfride the eight Bishop of Lindiffarâ—â— which after was translated to Durrham and divided according to the antient Canon of Eusebius not into chapters for Stephen Langton Archbishop of Canturburie first divided the holy Scriptures into chapters as Robert Stephan did lately into verse and thus it is Vren Our Fader Father thic which arth art in in heofnas heaven Sie be gehalgud hallowed thin thin noma name to cymeth come thin thy ric kingdom Sie Be thin thy willa will sue so is as in in heofnas heaven and and in in eortho earth Vren Oure hlaf lofe ofer Super wirtlic substantiall sel give vs vs to to daeg day and and forgâ—f forgive vs vs scylda debts urna euâ—es sue so we we for for gefan give scyldgum debts vrum oures and and no do inlead not led vsith vs in into custnung temptation Ah But gefrig deliver vrich every one from from ifle evill Amen Some two hundred yeeres after I finde this somewhat varied in two translations Thu vre fader the eart on heofenum Si thin nama gehalgod Cum thin ric Si thin willa on eorthan swa swa on heofo num Syle vs to daeg vrn daegthanlican dayly hlaf And forgif vs vre gyltas trespasses swa swa we for gifath tham the with against vs vs agyltath have trespassed And ne led the vs on costnung Ac alys vs from yfle Si Be it it swa so About an hundred and three score yeeres after in the time of king Henry the second I find this in time sent from Rome by Pope Adrian an Englishman to be taught to the people Vre fadyr in heaven rich Thy name be halyed everlich Thou bring vs thy michell blisse Al 's hit in heaveny-doe Evar in yearth beene it also That holy bread that lasteth ay Thou send it ouâ— this ilke day Forgive ous all that we havith don As wee forgivet vch other mon Ne let ous fall into no founding Ac sheild ous fro the fowle thing Amen Neither was there any great variation in the time of king Henry the third as appeereth in this of that age as I coniecture by the Character Fader that art in heavin blisse Thin helge nam it wurth the blisse Cumen mot thi kingdom Thin holy will it be all don In heaven and in erdh also So it shall bin full well Ic trâ— Gif vs all bread on this day And forgif vs vre sinnes Ai we do vre wider winnes Let vs not in fonding fall O ac fro evill thu syld vs all Amen In the time of king Richard the second about a hundred and odde yeeres after it was so mollified that it came to be thus as it is in the Translation of Wickliffe with some Latine wordes now inserted whereas there was not one before Our fadyr that art in heaven halloed be thy name thy kingdom com to be thy will done so in heaven and in erth gif to vs this day our bread over other substance and forgif to vs our dettis as we forgeven to our detterâ— and leed vs nott into temptation but deliver vs fro evill Amen Hitherto will our sparkefull Youth laugh at their great grandfathers English who had more care to do well than to speake minion-like and lâ—ft mâ—re glory to vs by thâ—ir exploiting of great actes than we shall do by our sonnetting Great verily was the glory of our tongue before the Norman Conquest in this that the olde English could expresse most aptly all the conceiptes of the minde in their owne tongue without borrowing from any As for example The holy service of God which the Latines called Religion because it knitted the mindes of men together and most people of Europe have borrowed the same from them they called most significantly Fan-fastnes as the one and onely assurance and fast anker-holde of our soules health The gladsome tidings of our salvation which the Greekes called Evangelion and other Nations in the same word they called Godspel that is God speech For our Saviour which wee borrowed from the French and they from the Latin Salvator they called in their owne word Haelend from Hael that is Salus safetie which we â—â—tame still in Al-hael and Was-hael that is Ave Salve Sis salvus They could call the disciples of Christ Leorning Cnibtas that is Learning Servitours For 〈◊〉 which is now a name of worship signified with them an Attendant or servitour They could name the Pharises according to the Hebrew Sunder-halgens as holy religious men which had sundred and severed themselves from other The Scribes they could call in their proper signification as Booke-men Bocer So they called parchment which wee have catcht from the Latine Pergamenum Boc-fell in respect of the vse So they could call the sacrament Haligdome as holy iudgement For so it is according as we receive it They could call Fortilitie and fruitfulnesse of land significatively Eordes-wela as wealth of the earth They could call a Comet a Faxed starre which is all one with Stella Crinita or Cometa So they did call the iudgement seate Domesettle That which we call the Parlament of the French Parier to speake they called a Witten mot as the meeting and assembly of wise men The certaine and inward knowledge of that which is in our minde be it good or bad which in the Latine word we call Conscience they called Inwit as that which they did inwardly wit and wote that is know certainely That in a river which the Latines call Alveus and Canaâ—is and from thence most nations of Europe name the Chanel Kanel Canale c. they properly called the Streame-race Neither in the degrees of kinred they were destitute of significative woordes for he whom we of a French
Regi Regilianus whereat the souldiers which in all actions are forward beganne with acclamation Ergo potest Rex esse Ergo potest regere Deus tibi regis nomen imposuit and so invested him with imperiall roabes In this Isle also at Silcaster in Hamshire Constantinus a militarie man of some reputation in hope of his luckie name and that he would proue another Constantinus Magnus to the good of the people was by the Britan Armie proclaimed emperour against Henorius who exployted great matters in his owne person in Gallia and by his son in Spaine So in former times the name of Antoninus in remembrance of Antoninus Pius was so amiable among the Romans as he was supposed vnfit for the empire who bare not that name vntill Antoninus Elagabalus with his filthie vices distained the same We reade also that two Ambassadours were sent out of France into Spaine to King Alphonse the 9 to dâ—mand one of the daughters that he begat of the daughter of King Henry the second of England to be married to their Soveraigne King Lewes the eight one of these Ladies was very beautifull called Vrraca the other not so beautifull but named Blanche When they were presented to the Ambassadours all men held it as a matter resolved that the choyce would light vpon Vrraca as the elder and fairer But the Ambassadours enquiring each of their names tooke offence at Vrraca and made choyce of the Lady Blanche saying That her name would be better received in France than the other as signifying faire and beautifull according to the verse made to her honour Candida candescens candore cordis oris So that the greatest Philosopher Plato might seeme not without cause to advise men to be carefull in giving faire and happie names as the Pythagoreans affirmed the mindes actions and successes of men to be according to their Fate Genius and Name One also well observeth that these seven things Virtue good Parentage Wealth Dignity or Office good Presence a good Christian name with a gratious Surname and seemely attire doe especially grace and adorne a man And accordingly saieth Panormitan Ex bono nomine oritur bona presumptio As the common Proverb Bonum nomen bonum omen The divell neverthelesse who alwayes maligneth God and goodnesse wrought by the cruelty of Valens the emperour the destruction of many men of worth who hadde happy names beginning with Theo signifying God as Theodorus Theodubis Theodoretus Theodosius c. For that diverse curious companions had found by the falling of a ring magically prepared vpon those letters onely of all the Alphabâ—t graven in a Charger of sundry mettals and set vpon a Laurell trivet that one who had his name beginning with Theod should succeede in the empire which was verified in Theodosius not long after In times of Christianity the names of most holy and vertuous persons and of their most worthy progenitors were given to stir vp men to the imitation of them whose names they bare But succeeding ages little regarding saint Chrysostoms admonition to the contrary have recalled prophane names so as now 〈…〉 names of vnhappy disastre are as 〈◊〉 some 〈…〉 they were in Pagaâ—â—smâ—s Albeit in our late 〈…〉 of good consideration have brought in 〈…〉 Iosias c. as better agreeing with our saith but without contempt of our countrey names as I hope which have both good and gratious significations as shal appeare hereafter Whereas in late yeeres Surnames have beene given for Christian names among vs and no where else in Christendome although many dislike it for that great inconvenience will ensue neverthelesse it seemeth to proceede from hearty good-will and affection of the Godfathers to show their love or from a desire to continue and propagate their owne names to succeeding ages And is in no wise to be disliked but rather approoved in those which matching with heires generall of worshipful antient families have given those names to their heires with a mindefull and thankefull regard of them as we have now Pickering Wottâ—n Grevill Varney Bassingburne Gaâ—â—dy Culthorp Parker Peesâ—ll Bracâ—â— Fuz-Raulfe Chamberlaine who are the heiâ—â—s of Pickering 〈◊〉 Bassingburn Grevill Calthorp c. For beside the continuation of the name we see that the selfe name yea somtime the similitude of names doth kindle sparkles of love and liking among meere strangers Neither can I beleeve a waiward olde man which would say that the giving of Surnames for Christian names first began in the time of king Edward the sixt by such as would be Godfathers when they were more then halfe fathers and thereupon would have perswaded some to change such names at the Confirmation Which that I may note by the way is vsuall in other countries as wee remember two sonnes of king Henry the second of France christâ—â—ed by the names of Alexander and Hercules châ—â—â—ged them at their Confirmation into 〈◊〉 and Francis But two Christian names are rare in England and I only remember now his Maiesty who was named Charles Iames as the Prince 〈…〉 and among private men Thomas Maria Wingfield and sir Thomas Pâ—sthâ—â—â—us Hobby Although it is common in Itaâ—â—e to adioyne the name of some Saint in a kinde of devotion to the Christian name as 〈◊〉 Baptista Spinalu Iohannes Franciscns Borâ—omeus Marcus Antonius 〈◊〉 and in Spaine to adde the name of the Saint on whose day the childe was borne If that any among vs have named their children Remedian 〈◊〉 Imago sâ—euâ— or with such like names I knowe some will thinke it more then a vanitie as they do but little better of the new names Free-gift Reformation Earth Dust Ashes Delivery More fruite Tribulation The Lord is neare More triall Discipline Ioy againe From above which have lately beene given by some to their children with no evill meaning but vpon some singular and precise conceit That I may omit another more vaine absurditie in giving names and surnames of ruen yea and of the best families to dogges beares and horses Whenas wee reade it was thought a capitall crime in Pomposiamas for calling his base bondslaves by the name of grand captaines Here I might remember how some mislike the giving of parents names successively to their heires for that if they should be forced to proove descent it will be hard to proove the Doner and the Done in Formedon and to distinguish the one from the other It were impertinent to note heere that destinies were superstitiously by Onomantin desciphered out of names as though the names and natures of men were sutable and fatall necessitie concurred heerein with voluntary motion in giving the name according to that of Ausonius to Probus Qualem cravit moribus Iussit vocari nomine Mundi supremus arbitar And after where he playeth with bibbing mother Mereâ— as thogh she were so named bicause she would to drink meere wine without water or as he pleasantly 〈◊〉 it â—â—rum Merum for as he saieth Qui primus Mere◠〈◊〉
Helpe shippe as Saylers in that age were called Botescarles In parte it is answereable to the Greeke names Nauplins Naumachius c. BRIAN Fre. written in old bookes Briant and Brient Shrill voyce as among the Romans Voconins Nicotius BALTHASAR heb Searcher of Treasure or without treasure C CALER Heb. Hearty Philo. CALISTHENES Gre. Beautifull strong CARADOC Bri. Deerely beloved Quaere CEASAR This came a late to be a Christian name among vs. Spartianus saith it was first given for killing of an Elephant which in the Moores language is called Caesar or that he was cut out of his mothers woombe or borne with a bush of haire or grey eyes Such variety of opinions is concerning a name which as he saith Cum â—ternitate mundi duraturâ—â—â— CHARLES Germ. according to I. Du Tillet from Carl that is strong stowt couragious and valiant as Virius Valerius Valeus c. with the Romans Craterus c. with the Greekes not from the Greeke Charilans which signifieth Publicola the Claw-backe of the people The Hungarians call a king by a generall name Carl Aventinus And Carl is onely in the coines of Carolus Magnus Ful. Scaliger makes Caellman Carlman answerable to the Greeke Andreas CHRISTOPHER Gre. Christe-carrier a name as learned men thinke devised and a picture thereunto mystically applied as a representation of the dueties of a true Christian and was as their Nosce teipsum Of such mystical Symboles of the Primitive Christians See Ioseph Scaliger ad Freherum CHRYSOSTOME gre Golden-mouth CLEMENS lat Meeke Milde and Gentle CONSTANTIN Lat Fast or Firme for which in some partes of the realme we vse Custance CONRAD germ Able-counsell or Advised valour as Iulius Scaliger will Exercitat 256. But heere is to be noted that Rad Red and Rod signifie counsell and advise Luther Alfricus Killian and differ onely in Dialect as Stan Sten Stone And this appeereth by that which the Northerne men cried when they killed Walter bishop of Duresme Short Rad good Rade quell yee the Bishop that is Short councell Good councell c. M. Paris CORNELIVS Lat All drawe it from Cornis an horne CVTHBERT Sax. Not Cut-beard as some fable but famous bright and cleare skill or knowledge according to the olde verse Quique gerit certum Cuthbert de luce vocamen No man doubteth but Cuth signified knowledge as vncuth vnknowne So Cuthwin skilfull victor Cuthred skilfull in counsell CYPRIAN gre from Cypria a name of Venus so named of the Isle of Cyprus where she was especially honoured CADVVALLADER Brit A warrelike name deduced from Cad that is Battaile as it seemeth but I referre it to the learned Britans CRESCENS Lat Increasing D DANIEL Hebr. Iudgement of God DAVID Hebr. Beloved DEMETRIVS Ger. belonging to Ceres DENIS Gr. for Dronisius which some fetch from Dios nous s. divine mind It is one of the names of the drunkard Bacehus derived by Nonnus in his Dionysiacis from Iupiter his lame leg for Nises signifieth saith he lame in the Syrian tongue and we will imagine that Iupiter halted when Bacehus was enseamed in his thigh But Saint Denis of Fraunce hath most graced this name DRV in Lat Drugo or Drâ—gâ— Subtile as Callidius in Latin if it come from the Saxon or German but if it bee French Lively and Lustie Ni cetius DVNSTAN Sax. One that writeth S. Dunstans life saith the name is answerable to Aaronâ—s Mountaine of fortitude That Dun with the old English signified a mountain or high hill is apparant that they called mountaine man Dunlettan and Downe continueth in the like sence with vs. Others suppose it to signifie Most high as among our Ancestors Leofstan signified Most beleved Betstan Best of al Fridstan most peacefull c. Stan being the most vsuall termination of the Superlative degree E EADGAR Sax for Eadigâ—ar Happy or blessed honor or power for I find it interpreted in an old history Faelix potestas The last verse of Ethelwardus historie seemeth to proove the same and Eadigi for the which Ead was vsed in composition is the word in the c. of saint Math. in the English Saxon testament so ofteÌ„â—terated for Blessed in the Beatitudes That Ear or Ar signifie Honor it appeareth in the Saxon lawes and in Ionas Turson Danish Vocabulary as Artic Earlic Honourable And from honor commeth our honourable name of Earles which came hither with the Danes as may be gathered out of Ethetwerdus EDMVND Sax. for Eadmund Happy or blessed peace Our Lawyers yet doe acknowledge Muna for Peace in their word Mundbzeck for breach of Peace So Aelmund all peace Kinmund Peace to his kinred Ethelmund noble peace yet I know that some translate Mund by Mouth as Pharamund True Mouth EADVLPH Sax. Happy helpe EADVVIN Happy victor EDVVARD in Sax. coins Eadward happy keeper The Christian humilitie of King Edward the Confessor broght such a credit to this name that since that time it hath beene most vsuall in all estates That Ward signifieth a Keeper is apparant by Wood ward Mill-wara c. EALDRED Sax. All reverent feare EALRED Sax All Councell EBVLO See Thell EGBERT or rather Ecbert Sax. Alwaies bright famous for ever as the olde English called Everlasting life Ec-life ELLIS Heb. corruptly for Elias Lord God ELMER Sax. Contracted from Ethelmer Noble and renowened For Willeranus translateth 〈◊〉 by Celebris and Famosus So Merwin renowmed Victor Merwald renowmed Governour Yet I know B. 〈◊〉 turneth Mier Mere by Governor Cap. vlt. Rer. Ger. EMANVEL Heb. God with vs. EMERY See Amery ENION Brit. From Aenâ—â—s as some thinke but the British Glossarie translateth it Iustus .i. Iust and vpright ENGELBERT Germ. Bright Angell ERASMVS Gr. Amiable or to be beloved ERCHENBALD Ger. Powerfull bold and speedie learner or observer Dasypodius ERNEST Germ. in Casar Ariovistus Severe Aâ—entinus in the 〈◊〉 sence we still retaine it ESAY Heb. Reward of the Lord. ETHELBERT or Edlebert Noble bright or nobly renowmed for Ethel or Adel signifie in Germany Noble From whence happily Athalric King of the Gothes had his name From hence it was that the heires apparant of the Crowne of England were surnamed Etheling .i. Noble borne and Clito .i. Inclitus as in the declining estate of the Roman Empire the heires of Emperours were called Nobilisssimi hence also the Spaniards which discended from the German Gothes may seeme to have partly borrowed their Idal-guie by which word they signifie their noblest gentlemen ETHELRED Sax. Noble advise and Councell ETHELARD Sax. For which we now vse Adelard Noble disposition Eâ—HELâ—â—AN Sax. Noble jewell 〈…〉 or most noble ETHELVVARD Sax. Now Aeâ—ward Noble Keeper ETHELVVOLD Sax. Noble Governour for the old booke of S. Augustines in Canterbury Wileranus and Luther do agree that Wold Wald doth signifie Praefectus a Governour So Bertwold and Brightwold Famous Governour Kinwald Governour of his kinred ETHELVVOLPH Sax. Noble helper EVERARD ger Wel reported as Gesnerus writeth like to Eudoxus
Erro that is Wanderer But in a Norman name I rather beleeve the Norman Writer WOLSTAN Sax Comely decent as Decentius Dasipodius WVLPHER Sax Helper the Saxon name of a King of Middle England answering to the Greeke name Alexias or rather Epicurus The most famous of which name was a hurtefull man albeit he had a helpefull name Y YBELL Brit Contracted from Eubulus good Councellor YTHELL Brit Likewise contracted from Euthalius very flourishing Z ZACHARY Hebr The memorie of the Lord. Christian Names of Women Lest Women the most kinde sex should conceive vnkindenes if they were omitted somewhat of necessitie must bee saide of their names ABIGAEL Heb. The fathers ioy AGATHA Gr. Good Guth in old Saxon. AGNES Gr. Chaste the French write Ignatia but I know not why ALETHEIA Gre. Veritie or â—uth ALICE Ger. Abridged from Adesiz Noble See Ethelbert But the French make it defendresse turning it into Alexia ANNA Heb. Gracious or mercifull ARBELA Heb. God hath revenged as some translations have it Index Bibliorum ADELIN Ge. Noble or descending from nobles AVDRY Sax. It seemeth to be the same with Etheldred for the first foundresse of Ely church is so called in Latine histories but by the people in those parts S. Audry See Etheldred AMIE Fr. Beloved in Latine Amata the name of the ancient King Latinus wife It is written in the like sence Amicia in old Records ANCHORET Gr. for Anachoreta Solitarie liveâ— which retyred her selfe from the world to serve God AVICE Some observe that as it is written now Avice so in former times Hawisia and in elder ages Helwisa where-vpon they thinke it detorted from Hildevig that is Lady-defence as Lewis is wrested from Lodovicus and Ludwig AVREOLA Lat. Pretty-little golden dame ANSTASE Gr. Anastasia and that from Anastasis as Anastasius given in remembrance of christs glorious resurrection ours in Christ B BARBARA Gr. Strange of vnknowne language but the name respected in honour of S. Barbara martyred for the true profession of Christian religion vnder the Tyranne Maximian BEATRICE Lat. From Beatrix Blessed BLANCH Fr. White or faire BRIGID Contracted into Bride an Irish name as it seemeth for that the ancient S. Brigid was of that Nation the other of Suetia was lately Canonized about 1400. Quaere BERTHA Ger. Bright and famous See Albert. BONA Lat. Good BENEDICTA Lat Blessed BENIGNA Lat Milde and gentle C CASSANDRA Gr. Inflaming men with love CATHERIN Gr Pure Chaste CHRISTIAN A name from our Christian profession which the Pagans most tyrannically persecuted hating as Tertullian writeth in his Apologetico a harmelesse name in harmelesse people CLARA Lat Bright the same with Berta Claricia in latter times CICELY From the Latine Caecilia Grey-eyed D DENIS See before among the name of men DIANA From the Greeke Diâ—s that is Iove as Iovina or Ioves daughter or Gods daughter DIONYE From Diana DIDO A Phaenician name signifying a manlike woman Servius Honâ—ratus DOROTHYE Gr The gift of God or given of God DORCAS Gr A Roe-bucke Luâ—retius lib. 4. noteth that by this name the Amorous Knights were wont to salute freckled wartie and wodden-faced wenches where he saith Caesâ—a Palladiâ—n naevosa â—ignea Dorcas DOVZE From the Latine Dulcia that is sweetewench DOVSABEL Fr Sweete and faire somewhat like Glycerium DOVGLAS of the Scottish surname taken from the river Douglas not long since made a Christian name in England as Iordan from the river of that name in the holy Land was made a Christian name for men E ETHâ—LDRED Noble advise See Audrey ELA See Alice ELEANOR Deduced from Helena Pittifull ELIZA Heb. God saveth ELIZABETH Heb. Peace of the Lord or Quiet rest of the Lord the which England hath found verified in the most honoured name of our late Soveraigne Mantuan playing with it maketh it Eliza-bella EADE Sax. Drawne from Eadith in which there is signification of happines In latter time it was writen Auda Ada Ida and by some Idâ—nea in Latine EMME Some wil have to be the same with Amie in Latine Amata Paulus Merula saith it signifieth a good nurse and so is the same with Eutrophime among the Greekes Rog Hoveden pag. 246. noteth that Emma daughter to Richard the first Duke of Normandie was called in Saxon Elfgiva that is as it seemeth Helpe-giver EMMET A diminitive from Emme EVA Heb. Giving life F FAITH FORTVNE The signification well knowne FREDISVVID Sax. Very free truely free FRANCIS See Francis before FAELICE Lat. Happy FORTITVD Lat. FLORENCE Lat. Flourishing G GERTRVD gr All true and amiable if German signifieth All-man as most learned consent and so Gerard may signifie All-hardy Althamerus GRACE the signification is well knowne GRISHILD Grey Lady as Caesia see Maud. GLADVSE Brit from Claudia GOODITH Sax Contracted from Goodwife as we now vse Goody by which name king Henry the first was nicked in contempt as William of Maâ—nesbury noteth H HELENA gre Pittifull A name much vsed in the honour of Helena mother to Constantine the Great and native of this Isleâ— although one on â—he Authour maâ—eth hâ—r a Bithiniâ—n but Baronius and our Historianâ— will have her a Britaine HAVVIS See Avice J IANE See Ioane for 32. Eliz Regâ—â—a â—t was agreed by the court of the Kings Bench to be all one with Ioane IVDITH Hebr. Praising Confessing our auncestors turned it into Iuet IOYCE in Latine Iocoâ—a Mâ—rry pleasant IAQVET Fr from Iacoba See Iames. IENET a diminitive from Ioan as litle and prettie Ihoan IOANE See Iohn In latter yeeres some of the better and nicer sorte misliking Ioane have mollified the name of Ioane into Iane as it may seeme for that Iane is never found in olde Recordes and as some will never before the time of king Henry the eight Lately in like sort some learned Iohns and Hanses beyond the sea have new christned themselves by the name of Ianus ISABELL The same with Elizabeth if the Spaniardes doe not mistake which alwayes translate Elizabeth into Isabel and the French into Isabeau IVLIAN from Iulius Gilian commonly yet our Lawyers libr. Assis 26. pa. 7. make them distinct names I doubt not but vppon some good ground K KATHARIN See Catharin KINBVRG Sax Strength and defence of her kinred as Kinulf help of her kinred L LETICE Lat Ioyfulnesse mirth LYDIA gre Borne in that region of Asia LORA Sax Discipline or Learning but I suppose rather it is corrupted from Laura that is Bay and is agreeable to the Greeke name Daphne LVCIA Lat Lightsome Bright A name given first to them that were borne when daie-light first appeared LVCRETIA Lat An honourable name in respect of the chaste Lady Lucretia if it as Lucretius doe not come from Lucrum gaine as a good huswife I leave it to Grammarians Lucris a wench in Plautus seemed to have hir name from thence when-as hee saieth it was Nomen omen quantivis pretij M MAEEI Some will have it to be a contraction of the Italians from Mabella that is my faire
lieth such addition should be to the name of the Defendant to shew his estate mysterie and place where he dwelleth and that such Writts shall abate if they have not such additions if the Defendant do take exception thereat they shall not abate by the office of the court Also Duke Marquesse Earle or Knight be none of that addition but names of dignitie which should have beene given before the statute Aud this was ordained by the sayde statnte made in the first yeare of king Henry the seaventh chap. 5. to the intent that one man may not be grieved or troubled by the vtlary of an other but that by reason of the certaine addition every man might be certainely knowne and beare his owne burden How the names of them which for capitall crimes against Maiestie were creazed out of the publike Records Tables and Registers or forbidden to be borne by their posteritie when their memory was damned I could shew at large but this and such like with Misnomer in our lawes and other Quidities I leave to the professours of lawes Somewhat might be said here of the adjuncts to names or titles which in most antient times were â—â—ther none or most simple For Augustus was impatient to be called Dominâ—â—â— yet Domitian liked well to be called Dom â—nus Deusque and Dominus was taken vp by everie private man as appeereth by Seneca and the poore Graecian which refused that title by alluding 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Nevertheles it was never vsed by the Emperors from Domitian to Dioclesianus as Victor noteth but afterward it was continued by the Christian Emperors yea vpon their Coines And that which is more strange they vsed then as appeareth in the Constitutions for themselves Aeternitat nostra Perennitas nostra Numen nostrum and to their principall officers Vir illustriâ— Viâ—â—spectabilis Magnifica cellitudo Sublimis magnitâ—do tua Illustris magnificentia Sublimâ—tas Miranda sublimitas Eminentia tua Excellentia tua Praecelsa magnificentia tua c. As appeareth in the Volumes of the Civill Lawe So as I know not whâ—e that Spite king Buchanan should envy lesser titles to Princes the verie Tipes of Gods maiestie yea verie Gods in earth and brand them with the marke of Sericâ—â—â— nebulones which honour Princes therewith The Romans vnder the latter Emperours had a verie curious and carefull observation in giving titles to men of reputation which as I have read were onely five Illustris was the highest appropriated to the Praefecti Praetorio of Italy and Gallia the Prafectus of the Cittie of Rome Magister Equitum Magister Peditum Quaestor Palatij Comes Largitania c. and all that had voice in the Senate Spectabilâ—â— was the second 〈◊〉 due to the Lievtenants generall and 〈◊〉 of Provinces c. So in Notitia Provinciarum Vicarius Britanniarum Comes Littoris Saxonici per Britanniâ—â— Dux Britanniae are stâ—â—ed Viri spectabiles Clarissimus was the third title peculiar onelie to the Consulares Correctores and Praesides of Provinces Perfectissimus was the fourth Egregius the fift And as Clarissimus was a title to those great officers above specified so no other could have that as neither of Perfectissimus and Egregius but graunted by Patents And in that age as it is in the Code of Theodosius Titulo Vt Dignitatem ordo servetur Si quis indebitum sibi locum vsurpaverit nulla seignoratione defendat sitque planè sacrilegij reus Amongst vs the Kings had these adiuncts when they were written and spoken vnto Gloriosus Gloriosissimus Pracellentissimus Charissimus Dominus Rex illustris lately Potentissimus Invictissimus Serenissimus Our â—ege Lord Our Soveraigne Our Dread Soveraigne c. As for Grace it beganne about the time of Henry the fourth Excellent Grace vnder Henry the sixt High and mighty Prince vnder Edward the fourth And Maiestie which first beganne to the Roman Emperours about the time of Gallienus came hither in the time of King Henry the eight as Sacred Maiestie lately in our memory Whereas among Christians it was appliâ—ble onely in former ages to God as among the old Romans to the Goddesse Maiestie the daughter of Honour and Reverence Among other men in former ages Dâ—n corrupted from Dominus was the greatest attribute both to Spiâ—ituall and Temporall and afterward Worshipfull and Right Worshipfull hath been thought convenient among vs for the great Dukes and Faâ—les but wee nowe beginne so to overlade men with additions as Spaniardes did lately vntill they were restrained by the Pragmaticall 1586. At which time Pasquil at Rome being demanded why Philip of Spaine had so taken away all titles from all sortes of men aunswered merrily albeit not religiously That it may be verified of him which is saide Tu solus Doâ—â—inus tu solus altissimus in respect of his voluminous long Title which will â—iâ—e the Reader Thus farre had I proceeded in names when it was hie time to stay for I am advertised that there is one which by Arte Trochilick will drawe all English surnames of the best families out of the pitte of Poetrie as Bourchier from Busyris the tyrant of Aegypt Percy from flying Perseus Darcy from Dircaus Apollo Lee from Laetus turned into a Swanne in Ovid Iakeson from Iason well hee may satisfie them herein whom I cannot As for my selfe I acknowledge that I cannot satisfie neither them nor my selfe in all particularities and well therefore I doe like hâ—m that said He dooth not teach well which teacheth all leaving nothing to subtill wittes to sift out And sure I am scrupulous Diligence lieth open to Envie But for such as wil not be content with that which is said I wish sir Iohn de Bilbao would coniure vp William Ockam the father of the Nominalles as Appion did Homer for their better satisfaction heerein Meane while I desire no man will take offence at any thing heere spoken when as I have beene so farre from giving offence that I dare protest it in that solemne auntient forme Superos Sydera testor Hating it in others and condemning it in my selfe even vnto the bottomles pitt of hell Allusions I Will now present vnto you a few extracts out of names I feare you will call them foolish foppeâ—â—es but call them what you please I hope a little folly may be pardonable in this our so wise an age Out of Names the busie wit of man continually working hath wrought vpon liking or dislike Allusions very common in all ages and among all men Rebus 〈…〉 ages both with learned and vnlearned and Anagrammeâ— though long since invented yet rare in this our refined times In all which I will briefly shew our Nation hath beene no lesse pregnant then those Southerne which presume of wits in respect of 〈◊〉 Afterward somewhat shall be said of Armes which as silent names distinguish families An Allusion is as it were a dâ—lliance or playing with words like in sound vnlike in sence by changing adding or substracting a
his learning great Grandfather to the honourable Charles now Earle of Denshire who is no lesse famous for his vertue and hereditary love of learning when hee was the Queenes Chamberlaine in an Epistle to Erasmus called king Henry the eight Octavius for Octavus resembling him thereby to Octavius Augustus the onely mirror of Princely vertues Lady Iane Grey daughter to the Duke of Suffolke who payde the pâ—â—ce of others ambition with her bloud for her excellency in the Greeke tongue was called for Greia Graia and this made to her honour in that respect Miraris Ianam Craio sermone valere Quo nata est primùm tempore Crata fuit When the duke of Buckingham was put to death by the practise of cardinall Wolsey a Butchers sonne the Emperour Charles the fift saide It was great pitty that so faire and goodly a Bucke should be woried to death by a Buchers curre alluding either to the name of Buckingham or to a Bucke which was a badge of honour to that familie Domingo a Spaniard in the time of Queene Mary offended with an Englishman that called him Domingus tolde him hee was Dominicuâ— but hee was I assure you more highly offended when hee after for Dominicus called him Dâ—moniacuâ— In the beginning of her late Maiesties raigne one alluded to her name Elisabetha with Illasa-Beata that is Safe without hurt and happy The sense whereof as the Almightie by his fatherly mercy performed in her person so shee by her motherly providence vnder God effected in this realme in blisfull peace and plenty whereas contrariwise other conâ—ining Regions have beene overwhelmed with all kinde of miseries The cause whereof one in this last French broyles referred by Allusion to Spania and Mania two Greeke words signifying Panury and Furie but implying therein closely the late King of Spaine and duke du Maine Rebus or Name-devises MAny approoved customes lawes maners fashions and phrases have the English alwayes borrowed of their neighbours the French especially since the time of King Edward the Confessour who resided long in Fraunce and is charged by Historians of his time to have returned from thence wholy Frenchified then by the Norman Conquest which immediately ensued after by the honourable aliances of the Kings of England with the most renowned families yea and with the verie royall house of Fraunce But after that the triumphant victorious king Edward the third had traversed Fraunce with his victories and had planted English colonies in Calice Havres and Guynes our people bordering vpon the pregnant Picardes beganne to admire their fooleries in painted Poesies For whereas a poesie is a speaking picture and a picture a speechlesse Poesie they which lackt wit expresse their conceit in speech did vse to depâ—int it out as it were in pictures which they called Rebus by a Latine name well fitting their devise These were so well liked by our English there and sent hither over the streight of Callice with full saile were so entertained heere although they were most ridiculous by all degrees by the learned and vnlearned that he was no body that coulde not hammer out of his name an invention by this wit-craft and picture it accordingly whereupon who did not busie his braine to hammer his devise out of this forge Sir Thomas Cavall whereas Cavall signifieth an horse engraved a gallopping horse in his scale with 〈◊〉 limping verse Thomae credite cùm cernitis eius equum So Iohn Eagleshead as it seemeth to notifie his name about his Armes as I have seene in an olde Sâ—ale with an Eagles head set downe this Hoc aquila caput est signumque figura Iohannis The Abbot of Ramsey more wisely sette in his Seale a Ramme in the sea with this verse to shew hee was a right ramme Cuius signa gero dux gregis est vt ego William Chaundler Warden of New colledge in Oxford playing with his owne name so filled the hall-windowes with candles and these wordes Fiat lux that hee darkened the hall Whereuppon the Vidam of Charters when hee was there saide It should have bin Fiant tenebrae Did not that amorous Youth mystically expresse his love to Rose Hill whome hee courted when in the border of his painted cloth hee caused to be painted as rudely as he devised grosely a rose an hill an eye a loafe a well that is if you will spell it Rose-Hill I love well You may imagine that Frauncis Cornâ—field did scratch his elbow when hee hadde sweetely invented to signifie his name Saint Francis with his Frierly kowle in a corne-field It may seeme doubtfull whether Bolton Prior of Saint 〈◊〉 In Smithfield was vviser vvhen hee invented for his name a bird bolt through a Tâ—nne or when hee built him an house vppon Harrow Hill for feare of an mundation after a great coniunction in the watry Triplicitie Islip Abbot of Westminster a man most favored by king Henry the seavenâ—h had a quadruple devise for his single name for somewhere hee sâ—tte vppe in his windowes an â—ie with a slip of a tâ—ee other places one slipping boughs in a tree in other places an I wiâ—h the saide slip and in some places one slipping from a tâ—ee with the woorde Islip Whosoever devised for Thomas Earle of Arundell a capitall A in a Rundle wherewith hee decked an house which hee built did thinke I warrant you that hee did the Nobleman great honour No lesse did he 〈◊〉 his invention which for sir Anthony Wingfield devisedâ— Wing with these foure letters F E L D quarterly about it and over the Wing a crosse to shew he was a Christian and on the crosse a red rose to shew that the followed the house of Lancaster Morton Archbishop of Canterbury a man of great wisedome and borne to the vniversall good of this realme was content to vse Mor vppon a Tunne and sometime a Mulbery tree called Morus in Latine out of a Tunne So Luton Thorneton Ashton did notifie their names with a Lute a Thorne an Ash vpon a Tunne So an Haâ—â— on a bottle for Harebottle a Maggot-pie vppon a goate for Pigot an Hare by a sheafe of â—e in the Sunne for Harrison Med written on a calfe for Medcalfe Chester a chest with a Starre over it Allet a Lot Lionel Duckes a Lion with L. on his head whereas it should have beene in his 〈◊〉 If the Lion had beene eating a ducke it had beene a raâ—e devise woorth a duckat or ducke-egge And if you require more I referre you to the witty inventions of some I â—â—doners but that for Garret Dews is most memorable two in agarret casting Dews at dice. This for Rebus may suffice and yet if there were more I thinke some lips would like such kinde of Lettice In parte to excuse them yet some of the greatest Romans were alittle blasted with this fooleriâ— if you so censure it Our great Maister Cicero in a dedication of his to his gods inscribed Marcus 〈◊〉 and that 〈◊〉 pulse lesse than 〈…〉 call I thinke
at his eyes This his devise had no life because it had no Motte but his answer gave it life when he said to one demaunding his meaning That they were his sonnes which did so pecke him and that Iohn the yongest whome he loved best practised his death more busily than the rest Giraldus Cambrensis distinct King Henry the third as liking well of Remuneration commaunded to be written in his Chamber at Woodstocke as it appeareth in the Recordes in the Tower Qui non dat quod amat non accipit iâ—le quod optat Edmund Crâ—uch-backe his second sonne first Earle of Lancaster vsed a red Rose wherewith his Tombe at Westminster is adorned Edward the third bare for his devise the rayes of the Sunne dispersing themselves out of a cloude and in other places a golden truncke of a tree The victorious Blacke Prince his sonne vsed sometimes one feather sometime three in token of his speedy execution in all his services as the Postes in the Roman times were Pterophori and wore feathers to signifie their flying post-haste But the tradition is that hee wonne them at the battell of Poitiers whereunto hee adioyned this olde English word IC DEN that is I serve according to that of the Apostle The heire while he is a childe differeth nothing from a servant These feathers were an anâ—ent ornament of militarie men as is evident by that of Virgil Cuius olorina surgunt de vertice pennae And were vsed by this Prince before the time of Canoy Chan the Tartarian who because his life was saved by an Owle would have his people weare their feathers from whome Haithon fableth that the people of Iurope received first the vse of feathers Iohn of Gaunt Duke of Lancaster brother to this Prince tooke a red Rose to his devise as it were by right of his first wise the heire of Lancaster as Edmund of Langley Duke of Yorke tooke the white Rose Before these two brethren tooke these two Roses which the fautors and followers of their heires after bare in that pittifull distraction of England betweene the families of Lancaster and York a white Rose-tree at Longleete bare vpon one branch a faire white rose on the one side and as faire a red rose on the other which might as well have beene a fore-token of that division as the white henne with the bay sprigge lighting in the lap of Livia Augusta betokened the Empire to her posteritie which ended in Nero when both the brood of that hen failed and the baies of that sprigge withered The said Edmund of Langley bare also for an Imprese a Faulcon in a fetter-locke implying that he was locked vp from all hope and possibility of the Kingdome when his brethren beganne to aspire therevnto Wherevpon he asked on a time his sonnes when he saw them beholding this devise set vp in a window what was Latine for a fetter-locke Whereat when the yong gentleman studied the father said well then you cannot tell me I will tell you Hic haec hoc taceaâ—s as advising them to be silent and quiet and therewithall said Yet God knoweth what may come to passe heereafter This his great Grandchilde King Edward the fourth reported when he commanded that his yonger sonne Richard Duke of Yorke should vse this devise with the fetter-locke opened as Roger Wall an Herald of that time reporteth King Richard the second whose vntrained youth and yeelding lenitie hastened his fall vsed commonly a white Hart couchant with a crowne and chaine about his â—â—cke For wearing the which soone after his deposition lost their lives He also vsed a pescod branch with the cods open but the pease out as it is vpon his Robe in his Monument at Westminster His wife Anne sister to Wenceslaus the Emperour bare an Ostrich with a naile in his beake King Henry the fourth as it is in Maister Garters booke vsâ—d onely a Fox tayled pendent following lysanders advise if the Lions skin were too short to peece it out with a Foxes case His halfe brethren surnamed Beausort of their natall place who after were dukes of Sâ—mmerset c. bare a port-cullis golde wherevnto not long afterward was added this word ALTERA SLCVRITAS And not long since by the Earles of Worcester issued from them MVTARE AVT TIMERE SPâ—RNO His yonger sonne Humfrey Duke of Glocester a noble fautor of good letters baâ—e in that respect a Laurell branch in a golden cup. That most martiall Prince King Henry the fift carried a burnâ—ng Cresset sometime a Beacon and for his word but not appropriate therevnto VNE SANS PLVS One and no more King Henry the sixt had two feathers in saltire King Edward the fourth bare his white Rose the fetter-locke before specified and the sunne after the battell of Mortimers crosse where three Sunnes were seene immâ—diately conioyning in one King Richard the third bare a white Boare which gave occâ—sion to the ryme that cost the maker his life The Cat the Rat and Lovell the Dog Rule all England vnder an Hog King Henry the seaventh in respect of his descent from the house of Summerset vsed the Portcullis before mentioned and in respect of the vnion of the two houses of Lancaster and Yorke by his marriage the white Rose vnited with the red sometime placed in the Sunne And in respect he was crowned in the field with King Richards crowne found in an hawtherne bush hee bare the hawthorne bush with the crowne in it with this he filled the windowes at Richmond and his Chappell at Westminster His wife Queene Elizabeth had a white and red rose knit together His mother Lady Margaret Countesse of Richmond had three white Dasies growing vpon a turfe When king Henry the eight beganne his raigne the English wits beganne to imitate the French and Italian in these devises adding the Mots First king Henry himselfe at the interview betweene him and king Francis the first whereat also Charles the fift was present vsed for his Impresse an English Archer in a greene coat drawing his arrow to the head with this inscription CVI ADHAEREO PRAEEST whenas at that time those mighty Princes banding one against the other wrought him for their owne particular His wife Queene Anne a happy mother of Englands happines by her most happy daughter bare a white crowned Faulcon holding a Scepter in her right talon standing vpon a golden truncke out of the which sprowted both white and red roses with MIHI ET MEAE To the honour of Queene Iane who died willingly to save her childe King Edwarde was devised after her death a Phaenix in his funerall fire with this Motte NASCATVR VT ALTER King Edward the sixt bare as the Blacke Prince three feathers in a crowne while his father survived as Prince of Wales with IC DEN. Queene Mary when she was Princesse of Wales vsed both a red and white Rose and a Pomegranate knitte together to shew her descent from Laâ—caster Yorke and Spaine When she
same King at the time of his death saide I appoint 〈◊〉 successour in the kingdome of England but I commend it to the eternall God whose I am and in whose handes all thinges are happly remembring that of the Monke before specified pag. 5. This king perceiving his owne defects in some poynts for want of learning did exhort his children oftentimes to learning with this saying An vnlearned Prince is a crowned Asse Which speech tooke so great impression in his sonne Henry that hee obtained by studie and learning the surname of Beauclearke or fine Scholler Annales Ecclesia Cant. Malmesburiensiâ— VVilliam Rufus loved wel to keep vacant Bishopriks and Abbies in his handes saying Christes bread is sweet dainty and most delicate for Kings But although this King made most commonly as it were port-sale of the Spirituall livings yet when twoo Monkes were at drop-vied Bezantines the currant golde of that age before him for an Abbey hee espied a third Monke of their company standing in a corner whom the King asked what hee would give to be Abbot Not one farthing saide he for I renounced the world and riches that I might serve God more sincerely Then said the King thou arte most woorthy to be made Abbot and thou shalt have it Liber Cantuar. When newes were brought him that the French King had besieged the cittie of Constances in Normandy â—e posted with a few to the sea coast to take ship But because the winde blew very strong from South the sailers signified that it was very dangerous for him to take Sea but the King replied Hoise vp sailes in Gods name for I have not heard of a King drowned by tempest You shall see both winde and weather serviceable to vs. Answerable to that of Iulius Caesar which inforced a poore Pilote in the like case to launch foorth and in the rage of the storme comforted him with saying Caesarem Caesaris fortunam vebis And as couragiously as that of Charles the fift who in the battel of Tunis when he was advised by the Marquise of Guâ—sto to retire his person when the great ordonance began to play saide Marquesse thou never heardst that an Emperour was slaine with a great shot I will heere present you with an other speech or call it what you will of the same King William Rufus out of the good and historicall Poet Robert of Glocester that you may compare a Princes pride in that age with our private pride and that our first finest Poets may smile at the verses of that time as succeeding ages after some hundred yeeres will happly smile at theirs As his Chamberlaine him brought as he rose on a day A morrow for to weare a paire of hose of Say He asked what they costned three shillings he seid Fie a dibles quoth the King who sey so vile a deede King to weare so vile a cloth but it costned more Buy a paire for a marke or thou shalt ha cory fâ—re A worse paire enough the other swith him brought And said they costned a marke vnneth he them so boght Aye bel-amy quoth the King these were well bought In this manner serve me other ne serve me not Hitherto also may be referred that of this king William who the morning before hee was slaine with an arrow in hunting tolde his company he dreamed the last night before that an extreame cold winde passed throgh his sides whereupon some disswaded him to hunt that day but hee resolved to the contrary answering They are no good Christians that regard dreames But he found the dreame too true being shot through the side by Walter Tirell Tragmentum antiquae historiae Franc. à P. Pâ—thâ—â— aditum OF Henry the first I have read no memorable speach but what I have read I will report He was by common voice of the people commended for his wisedome eloquence and victories dispraised for covetousnes cruelty and lechery Of which hee left proofe by his sixteene bastards But it seemeth that his iustice was deemed by the common people to be crueltie for the learned of that age surnamed him the Lion of Iustice Huntingd. Polycraticon Gemeticensis It was the custome of the Court in the time of King Henry the first that bookes billes and letters shoulde be drawne and signed for servitors in the Court concerning their owne matters without fee. But at this time Turstane the kings steward or Le Despencer as they then called him from whom the family of the L. Spencers came exhibited to the king a complaint against Adam of Yarmouth clarke of the Signet for that he refused to signe without fee a bill passed for him The king first heard Turstane commending the olde custome at large and charging the Clarke for exacting somewhat contrary thereunto for passing his booke Then the Clarke was heard who briefly saide I received the Booke and sent vnto your steward desiring him only to bestow of me two spice cakes made for your owne mouth who returned answer He would not and thereupon I denied to seale his Booke The King greatly disliked the steward for returning that negative and forthwith made Adam sit downe vppon the bench with the seale and Turstanes Booke before him but compelled the steward to put off his cloake to fetch two of the best spice cakes for the kings owne mouth to bring them in a faire white napkin and wiâ—h lowe curtsie to present them to Adam thâ— Câ—arke which being accordingly performed the Kiâ—g commaâ—ded Adam to seale and delive him his Booke and made them sâ—endes addâ—ng this speech Officers of the Court must gratifie anashew a cast of their office not onely one to another but also to all strangers whensoever neede shall require â—ualterus Mapes De nugis Curialium There was allowed a pottle of wine for livery everie night to be served vp to king Henry the first chamber but because the king did seldome or never vse to drinke in the night Paine Fitz-Iohn his Chamberlaine and the Pages of the Chamber did carowse the wine among them On a time it happened the King at midnight called for wine but none was to be found Paine and the Pages bestured themâ—elves in vaine seeking wine heere â—nd there Paine was called in to the King who asked him if there were not allowance for livery hee humbly answered that there was a pottle allowed everie night but for that hee never called for it to say the trueth in hope of pardon wee drunke it vp amongst vâ— Then quoth the King have you but one pottle every night that is too shorte for mee and you from hencefoorth there shall be a whole gallon allowed whereof the one pottle shall be for mee the other for you and yours This I note not for anie graviâ—e but that the King in that age was commended herein both for bountie and clemencie Cualterus Mapes Queene Mawd wife to King Henry the first of England and daughter to Malcolme Canmore King of Scotland was so devoutly religious
that she would goe to church barefoote and alwayes exercise herselfe in workes of charitie insomuch that when David her brother came out of Scotland to visite her he found her in her privie chamber with a towell about her middle washing wiping and kissing poore peoples feete which he disliking saide Verily if the King your husband knew this you should never kisse his lippes She replied That the feete of the King of heaven are to bee preferred before the lippes of a King in earth Guil Malmes Math. Paris Simon Deane of Lincolne who for his Courtlike carriage was called to Court and became a favourite of this king Henry the first was wont to say I am cast among courtiers as salt among quicke Eeles for that he salted powdred and made them stirre with his salt and sharpe quipping speeches But what saieth the Author who reporteth this of him The salt lost his season by the moysture of the Eeles and was cast out on the dunghill For hee incurring hatred in Court was disgraced committed and at last banished Henr. Huntingdon in Epistola VVHen the Scottes in the time of king Stephen with a great army invaded England the Northerne people brought to the field the Earle of Albemarle the only respective heire of those partes in his cradle and placed him by the Standard hoping thereby to animate the people But Ralph Bishop of Duresme animated them more with this saying Assure your selves that this multitude not trained by discipline wil be combersome to it selfe in good successe and in distresse easily discomforted Which proved accordingly for many Scottishmen left their carcases in the field Historiola de Standardo MAwd the Empresse daughter and heire of this king Henry the first which stiled her sâ—lfe Lady of the Englishmen would often say to her sonne king Henry the second Be hasty in nothing Hawkes are made more serviceable when yee make faire shewes of offering meate often and yet with-hold it the longer Cualterus Mapes Others Maximes of her In arte Reguands proceeding from a niggish olde wife I wittingly omitte as vnbefitting a Prince Robert Earle of Gloucester base sonne to king Henry the first the onely martiall man of England in his age vsed Stephen Beauchampe with all grace and countenaunce as his onely favorite and privado to the great dislike of all his followers Whereupon when he was distressed in a conflict he called to some of his companie for helpe but one bitterly bade him Call nowe to your Stephen Pardon mee pardon me replieth the Earle In matters of Venery I must vse my Stephen but in Martiall affaires I relie who he vppon you Gualter Mapes de Nugis Curialium HEnry the second caused his eldest sonne Henry to bee crowned kâ—ng and that day served him at the Table Whereuppon the Archebishop of Yorke said vnto the yoong king Your Maiestie may reioyce for there is never a Prince in the world that hath this day such a waiter aâ— his Table as you have Wonder you so much aâ— that my Lord saide the yong king and dooth my father thinke it an abasement for him being discended of royall bloud onely by his mother to serve me at the Table that have both a King to my father and a Queene to my mother Which prowde speech when the vnfortunate father heard hee rounded the Archbishop in the care and saide I repent mee I repent me of nothing more than of vntimely advauncements Anonymus Wimund Bishop of the Isle of Man in the time of King Stephen a martiall Prelate as many were in that age after he had with many an inrode annoyed the Scots some English procured by them sodainely apprehended him put out his eies and gelded him as my Author saieth for the peace of the kingdome not for the kingdome of heaven Who after retiring himselfe to the Abbey of Biland in Yorkeshire would often couragiously say Had I but a sparrowe eye my enemies should never carry it away scot-free Newbrigensis When king Plenry the second was at S. Davis in Wales and from the cliffes there in a cleere day discovered the coast of Ireland that most mighty Monark of this realme saide I with my shippes am able to make a bridge thither if it be no further which speach of his beeing related to Murchard king of Lemster in Ireland he demaunded if hee added not to his speech with the grace of God when it was answered that hee made no mention of God Then saide hee more cheerefully I feare him lesse which trusteth more to himselfe than to the helpe of God Giraldus Cambrensis Owen of Kevelsoc Prince of Powis admitted to the table of king Henry the second at Shrewsbury the king the more to grace him reached him one of his owne loaves which he cutting in small peeces and setting them as farre off as he could reach did eate very leasurely When the king demaunded what he meant thereby he aunswered I doe as you my Soveraigne meaning that the king in like manner tooke the fruition of offices and spirituall preferments as long as he might Giraldus The same king Henry returning out of Ireland arrived at saint Davis in Wales where it was signified vnto him that the Conqueror of Ireland returning that way should die vpon a stone called Lech-laver neere the churchyard whereupon in a great presence he pasted over it and then reprooving the Welsh-Britans credulity in Merlins Prophecies said Now who will heereafter credite that liar Merlin Giraldus Gilbert Foliot Bishop of London disliking Thomas Becket Archbishop of Canterbury woulde say oftentimes Ad Zachaeum non divertisset Dominus nisi de sicomoro iam descendisset That Zachaeus had never entertained and lodged Christ vnlesse he had come downe from the figge tree As though Christ could never like the lofty vntill they should humiliate themselves and come downe Anonymus Ms. The same king would often say The whole world is 〈◊〉 enough for a great Prince Girald in Distinct In the time of this Henry the second the See of Lincolne was so long voyde as a certaine Convert of Tame prophecied that there should be no more Bishoppes of Lincolne But he prooved a truthlesse prophet for Geffrey the kings base sonne was preferred after sixteene yeeres vacancie thereunto but so fitte a man as one saide of him That he was skilfull in fleecing but vnskilfull in feeding Vitae Episcoporum Eboracensium This gallant base Bishoppe would in his protestations and othes alwayes protest By my faith and the King my father But Walter Mapes the kings Chaplan told him You might doe aswel to remember sometimes your mothers honesty as to mention so often your fathers royaltie Mapes de Nugis Curialium This Bishop Ceffrey in all his Instruments passing from him vsed the stile of G. Archiepiscopus Eborum but in the circumference of his Seale to notifie his royall parentage Sigillum Galfredi filij Regis Anglorum as I observed in his Seales SAvage a Gentleman which amongst the first English had
backe vnto his flocke Whereuppon the King sent vnto the Pope the armour that he was taken in and willed his Ambassadour to vse the words of Iacobs sonnes vnto their father when they had solde away their brother Ioseph Hanc invenimus vide vtrum tunica filij tui sit an 〈◊〉 This wee found see whether it be the coate of thy sonne or no. Nay quoth the Pope it is not the coate of my sonne nor of my brother but some impe of Mars and let him procure his deliverie of he will for I wil be no meane for him When the French king and king Richard the first beganne to parlee of peace his brother Iohn who had falsely and vnnaturally revolted vnto the French king fearing himselfe came in of his owne accord and suppliantly besought Richard brotherly to pardon his manifolde offences that he had vnbrotherly committed against him hee rehersed the straight league of brotherly piety he recounted the many merits of his brother he bewailed with teares that hitherto he had beene vnmindefull of them as an vnnaturall and vnthankefull person Finally that hee dooth live and shall live hee dooth acknowledge that hee hath received it at his handes The king being mollified with this humble submission saide God graunt that I may as easily forget your offences as you may remember wherein you have offended IN the wofull warres with the Barons when king Iohn was viewing of the Castle of Rochester held against him by the Earle of Arundel he was espied by a very good Arcubalister who tolde the Earle thereof and saide that hee would soone dispatch the cruell tyrant if he would but say the word God forbid vile varlet quoth the Earle that we should procure the death of the holy one of God What saide the souldier he would not spare you if hee had you at the like advantage No matter for that quoth the Earle Gods good wil be done and be wil dispose and not the King Math Paris When one about him shewed him where a noble man that had rebelliously borne armes against him lay verie honourably intoombed and advised the king to deface the monument he said No no but I would al the rest of mine enemies were as honourably buried Idem When diverse Greekes came hither and offered to proove that there were cettaine â—rrours in the Church of England at that time hee reiected them saying I will not suffer our faith established to be called in question with doubtful disputations Fragm antiquum aeditum à P. Pithaeo Yet when the saide king Iohn sawe a fatie Bucke haunched he saide to the standers by See how faire and fatte this Buâ—ke is and yet hee never heard Masse all his life long But this may be forged to his disgrace by the envious Math. Paris IN a solemne conference betweene king Henry the third of England and Saint Lewes king of France the onely devout kings of that age when the French king saide He had rather heare Sermons than heare Masses Our king replied which some will smile at now but according to the learning of that time That he had rather see his loving friend meaning the reall presence in the Sacrament than to heare never so much good of him by others in sermons This I note because it was then thought facetious which I doubt not but some wil now condemne as superstitious Gâ—â—l Rishanger Pecham that Opticall Archbishop of Canterbury who writte Perspectiva Communis when Pope Gregorie the tenth who had created him Archbishop commaunded him to pay foure thousand markes within foure moneths vnder paine of excommunication hee that came vnto the See then deepely indebted saide Beholde you have created me and as a creature doth desire to be perfected by his creator so I doe in my oppressions flie vnto your Holmesse to be recreated Archiep. Cantuar. Sewall Archbishop of Yorke much agrieved with some practises of the Popes collectors in England tooke all patiently and saide I will not with Chaâ— discover the nakednes of my father but cover and conceale it with Sem. As Constantine the Great saide that hee would cover the faults of Bishops and Fathers of the Church with his Imperiall robe Mat. Paris Pope Innocentius the fourth when he offered the kingdome of Sicil and Naples to Richard Earle of Cornewall with many impossible conditions You might as well say de the Earles Agent at Rome say to my Lord and Maister I sell or give you the Moone climbe vp catch is and take it Anonymus qui incipit Rex Pictorum Alexander successor to Innocentius sent vnto the saide Earle Richard to borrow a great masse of money but the Earle answered I wil not lend to my superior uppon whome I cannot distraine for the debts This Richard is reported by the saide Author to have had so great treasure that hee was able to dispend for tenne yeeres an hundred markes a day which according to the Standard of that time was no small summe Idem In the raigne of king Henry a Bishop of London stoâ—â—ly withstoode the Popes Nunciâ— that would have levied exactions of the Cleargie Whereupon the Nâ—â—ciâ— complained vnto the king who shortly menaced the Bishop and tolde him he would cause the Pope to plucke his peacockes toile but the Bishop boldely answered the King that the Pope and he being too strong for him might bereave him of his bishoprick by might but never by right and that although they tooke away his Mitre yet they would leave him his Helmet Lib. Cantuar. Wicked rather than wittie is that of a Deane high treasurer of England that had demeaned himselfe so well in his office that when he died he made this wicked will I bequeathe all my goodes and possessions vnto my liege Lords the King my body to the earth and my soule to the divell Idem VVHen Edward the first heard of the death of his onely sonne hee tooke it grievously as a father but patiently as a wise man But when hee vnderstoode shortely after of the departure of his father king Henry the third he was wholy deiected and comfortlesses whereat when Charles king of Sicile with whome he then soiourned in his returne from the holy land greatly marvelled He satisfied him with this God may send more sonnes but the death of a father is irrecoverable Waâ—singham This is that king Edward the first who as in lineaments of body he surpassed all his people being like Saul higher than any of them so in prudence conioyned with valour and industry he excelled all our Princes giving ther by sure ankerholde to the governement of this realme waving vp and downe before most vncertainely Which hee effected not so much by establishing good lawes as by giving life vnto his lawes by due execution And as my Author saith Iudices potissimùm iudicans quos constituit indices aliorum Who addeth also this of him Nemâ— in consilijs illo argutior in eloquâ—â— torrentiâ—r in periculis socurior in prosperis â—â—utiâ—r in adversis
constantiâ—r Commendatie lamentabilis in transiâ—n Regis Edw priâ—â— Whereas the kings of England before his time vsed to weare their Crowne vpon all solemne feast dayes he first omitted that custome saying merrily That Crownes doe rather â—nerate than honour Princes Idem tractatus When a simple religious man seeing him meanely attired wondering thereat asked him why hee beeing so potent a Prince ware so simple a sute he answered Father Father you know how God regardeth garments What can I doe more in royall robes than in this my gabbardine Idem When the Cleargie pretending a discharge by a 〈◊〉 lately made at the Councell held at Lyons in Fraâ—â—â— would contribute nothing to the temporall necessities of King Edward hee saide vnto them in parliament Seeing you doe refuse to helpe me I will also refuse to help you c. If you deny to pay tribute to me as vnto your Prince I will refuse to protect you as my subiects and therefore if you be spoyled robbed maiâ—â—ed and nurthered seeke for no succourner defence of me or mine The Pope sent an Iniunction vnto the same Edward the which was delivered vnto him in one of his iornies against the fautors of Iohn Balleal king of Scotland the tenour of it was that he should surcease to disquiet the Scottes which were an exempt nation and properly appertaining to the Roman Chappell wherefore the citty of Ierusalem could not but defend her Cittizens and helpe them that did trust in the Lord like mount Siâ—â— Hee hadde no sooner read it but rapping out an othe saide I will not holde my peace for Syon nor Ierusalems rest as long as there is breath in my bodie but wil prosecute my iust right knowne vnto all the world and defend is to the death Tho Walsing ham When Iohn Earle of Athâ—ll nobly descended who had with other murthered Iohn Coâ—â—in was apprehended by king Edward the first and some intreated for him The king answered The higher his calling is the greater must his fall be and as he is of higher parentage so he shal be the higher hanged which accordingly was performed for he was hanged on a gallowes fiftie foote high Florilegus Whenas in siege of the Castle of Strivelin in Scotland king Edward the first by his over-forwardnesse was often endaungered some advised him to have more regarde to his person hee aunswered them with that of David in the Psalme A thousand shall fall as my fide and tenne thousand at my right hand but it shall not come neere me Florilegus When the learned Lawyers of the realme were consulted in a cause by him and after long consultation did not satisfie him hee saide as kings impatient of delayes may be bolde with their Lawyers My Lawyers are long advising and never advised Florilegus As for other speeches of his I wittingly and willingly overpasse Eleanor wife to king Edward the first a most vertuous and wise woman when hee tooke his long and dangerous voyage into the holy land would not be disswaded to tarrie at home but woulde needes accompany him saying Nothing must part them whome God hath ioyned and the way to heaven is as neare in the holy land if not nearer as in England or Spaine This worthy Queene maketh mee remember Eubulus a scoffing Comicall Greeke Poet which curseth himselfe if ever hee opened his mouth against women inferring albeit Medea were wicked yet Penelope was peerelesse if Clytemnestra were naught yet Alcestes was passing good if Phâ—dra were damnable yet there was an other laudable But heere saith he I am at a stand of good women I finde not one more but of the wicked I remember thousandes Beshrew this scoffer yee good wives all and let his curse fall vpon him for of your kinde may many a million bee found yea of your owne country and that I may reserve other to a fitter place I will shew vnto you a rare example in this Queene of England a most loving and kinde wife out of Rodericus Sanctius not mentioned by our Historians When king Edward the first was in the holy land hee was stabbed with a poysoned dagger by a Sarazen and through the rancor of the poyson the wound was iudged incurable by his Physitions This good Queene Eleanor his wife who had accompanied him in that iourney endangering her owne life in loving affection saved his life and eternized her owne honour For she daily and nightly sucked out the ranke poyson which love made sweete to her and thereby effected that which no Arte durst attempt to his safety her ioy and the comfort of all England So that well woorthy was shee to be remembred by those Grosses as monuments which in steade of Statues were erected by her husband to hir honour at Lincolne Grâ—â—tham Stanford Goddington Northampton Stâ—â—y Straford Dunstaple Saint Albanes Waltham and Westminster called Charing crosse all adorned with her Armes of Castile Leon and Pontive Robert Winchelsey the Archbishop of Canterbury was banished by king Edward the first but afterward restored againe by him and all the rents that had beene sequestred during his absence repayed him whereby he became the richest Archbishop that had been in that feate before him Wherefore often recording his troubles hee woulde say Adversitie never burteth where no uniquity over-ruleâ—â— Liber Cantuar. William de March Lord Treasourer vnto king Edward the first caused all the treasure throughout all the land that was layed vppe in the Monasteries and Churches to be at one iustant violently taken away by military men saying It is better that money should be mooving and according to the name be currant and goe abroad to the vse of the people than resting in chests without fruits and occupation concurring in this last poynt with a Maxime of the Vsurers hall Of king Edward the second I finde nothing memorable but that which griefe and great indignitie wreasted from him when Corney and his rascall rabblements after his deposition would needes shave him on the way lest he should be knowne and rescewed They enforced him to sit downe vpon a mole hil and the knave Barber insulting told him that cold water taken out of the next ditch should serve for his trimming at that time Hee answered Whether you will or no there shall be warme water and therewithall hee shedding teares plentifully verified his words Thom de la More After the battell of Poitiers 〈◊〉 Lorde Audley was brought to the Blacke Prince in a Litter most grievously wounded for hee had carried himselfe most valiantly that day To whome the Prince with due commendations gave for his good service foure hundred markes of yeerely revenews The which hee returning to his tent gave as franckely to his foure Esquiers that attended him in the battell whereof when the Prince was advertised doubting that his gift was contemned as too little for so great good service the Lord Audley satisfied him with this answer I must doe for them who deserved best of me These my Esquiers saved my life
his handes on his mouth and sayde Mouth thou liest And by and by thereupon he sette his handes vpon both his eyes and sayde But eyne quoth hee by the Masse yee lie not a whit When sir Thomas Moore had told one whom hee tearmeth in his Dialogue the Messenger how he might yeerly have seene a myracle done at the Rhodes if he would have gone thither So farre quoth the Messenge nay yet I had rather have Gods blessing to beleeve that I see not then to go so farre for it I am well apaid said sir Thomas thereof for if you had rather beleeve then take the paine of a long pilgrimage you will never be so stiffe in any opinion that you will put your selfe in ieopardie for pertinacy and stubborne standing by your part Nay Marie said the Messenger I warrant you that I will never be so madde to hold till it waxe too hot for I have such a fond fantasie of mine owne that I had rather shiver and shake for colde in the Summer then be burned in the mids of Winter It happened that a yong Priest verie devoutly in a Procession bare a Candle before the Crosse for lying with a Wench and bare it light all the long way wherein the people tooke such spirituall pleasure and inward solace that they laughed apace And one merrie Marchant sayd vnto the Priests that followed him Sic luceat lux vestra coram hominibus Thus let your light shine before the people But a lewde Priest in later time being reproved of his loose life and told that he and other of the Clergie ought to bee the Lanthornes of light How can we saide the shamelesse Priest be Lanthornes of light when as ye Lay men have all the hornes When a lustie gallant saw a Frier going barefoote in a great frost and snowe hee asked him why hee did take such paine Hee aunswered that it was a verie little paine if a man would remember hell Yea Frier quoth the Gallant but what and if there be no Hell Then arte thou a great foole Yea Maister quoth the Frier but what if there be hell then is mastership much more foole A Frier as he was preaching in the Countrey espied a poore wife of the parish whispering with her Pew-felow and he falling angrie thereat cried out vnto her aloude Holde thy babble I bid thee thou wife in the red hoode which when the huswife heard she waxed as angrie and sodainly she started vp and cried vnto the Frier againe that all the Church rang thereon Mary sir I beshrew his heart that babbleth most of vs both for I do but whisper a word with my neighbour here and thou hast babled there a good large houre King Ladislaus vsed much this maner among his servants when one of them praised any deed of his or any condition in him if he perceyved that they sayde nothing but the truth he would let it passe by vncontrolled But when he saw that they did set a glose vpon it for his praise of their owne making beside then would he shortly say vnto them I pray thee good fellow when thou faist grace never bring in Gloria patri without a Sicut erat Any act that ever I did if thou report it againe to mine honour with a Gloria patri never report it but with a Suut trat That is to wit euen as it was and no otherwise and lift not me vp with lies for I loue it not Frier Donalde preached at Paules Crosse that our Ladie was a virgin and yet at her pilgrimages there was made many a foule meeting And loude cried out Ye men of London gang on your selues with your wiues to Wilsdon in the Divils name or else keepe them at home with you with a sorrow Sir Iohn Moore was wont to compare the choosing of a wife vnto a casuall taking out at all a verie ventures of Eles out of a bagge wherein were twentie Snakes for an Ele. Sir Iohn Fineux sometime chiefe Iustice of the Kings bench was often heard to say Who so taketh from a Iustice the order of his discretion taketh surely from him more than halfe his office Wise was that saying of Doctor Medealfe You yong men do thinke vs olde men to be fooles but we olde men do know that you yong men are fooles Katherine wife to Charles Brandon Duke of Suffolke when her husband at a feast willed everie Ladie to take to sit by hir him that shee loued best prouided hee were not her husband she tooke Stephen Cardiner Bishop of Winchester saying Seeing she might not have him whom she loved best she would take him whom she loved worst KIng Edward the sixt when three swordes were delivered at his coronation vnto him as king of England Fraunce and Ireland sayd There was yet another sworde to be delivered vnto him Whereat when the Lords marvelled he sayd I meane sayd he the sacred Bible which is the sworde of the spirit without which we are nothing neither can do any thing Balaeus in Centurijs When sit Ralfe Fane was condemned to die by the practise of the Duke of Northumberland he said no more protesting his innocencie but My blood shall be the Dukes bolster as long as he liveth Meaning as I thinke that his conscience affrighted with shedding innocent blood shoulde enioy little quiet but passe restlesse nights Relatio Gallica Thirlby Bishop of Elie when he was Ambassador at Rome one of hir men negligently laying downe his liuery cloake in his lodging lost it wherewith the Bishop being angrie rated the fellow roughly who told him that hee suspected nothing in so holy a place as Rome was but did take them all for true men What knaue qvoth the Bishop when thou commest into a strange place thinke all men there to be theeves yet take heede thou doe not call them theeves When hee was prisoner in the Tower he was searched by the Lievetenaunt and five hundred French crownes found in his purse and in his doublet about him whereat when the Lievetenant wondering asked him what hee meant to carry so much money about him hee answered I love to have my friends still neere about mee and can not tell how I should be vsed if I lacked them In the rebellion in the Weast during the raigne of king Edward the sixt sir Anthony Kingston marshall of the field hanged vp a fellow that was servant to a rebellious Miller whome he affirmed himselfe to be vntill hee came vnto the gallowes and then his deniall would not be allowed Afterward the matter being better knowne sir Anthonie was tolde that hee had executed the man for the maister It is well enough quoth sir Anthony hee coulde never have doone his maister better service than have hanged for him THese following are taken out of the life of Cardinall Poole Archbishop of Canterbury written by a learned man and Printed at Venice When one asked counsell of Cardinall Poole what methode and way was best to be taken to
Vale Vale Salue anima nos eo ordine quo natura iusserit sequemur With H. M. H. N. S for Hoc monumentum haeredes non sequitur When they would not haue their heires entombed therein with Rogo per Deos superos inferosque ossa nostra ne violes And most commonly with Sit tibi terra leuis in these notes S. T. T. L. And somtime with Quietem posteri non inuideant But omitting this discourse I will offer vnto your view a Century of choise Epitaphes of our nation for matter and conceit some good some bad that you may see how learning ebbed and flowed most of them recouered from the iniury of time by writers And will beginne with that at Rome as most auncient erected to the memory of a Britanne who after the maner of the time tooke a Romane name M. VLPIO IVSTO Q. SIG. AVG. MILITAVIT AN. XXV VIXIT XLV NATIONE BRITTO â—EC M. VLSIVS RESPECTVS VEH. AVG. AMICO OPTIMO DE SE BENE MERENTI Arthur the valerous vpholder of the ruinous state of Britaine against the Saxons about the yeare 500. was buried secretly at Glastenburie least the enimie should offer indignity to the dead body and about 700. yeares after when a graue was to be made in the Churchyard there a stone was found betweene two Pyramides deepe in the ground with a crosse of lead infixed into the lower part thereof and inscribed in the inner side of the crosse in rude Characters which the Italians now call Gotish letters HIC IACET SEPVLTVS INCLYTVS REX ARTVRIVS IN INSVLA AVALONIA Vnder which in a trough of Oke were found his bones which the Monkes translated into the church and honoured them with a tombe but dishonored him with these horne pipe verses Hic iacet â—rturus flos regum gloria regni Quem morum probitas commendat laude perenni Augustine the first Archbishop of Canterbury who first preached Christ to the English nation conuerted the Kentishmen reuiued Christianity in this Isle which flourished among the Britaines many years before his coÌ„ming was buried at Canterbury in S. Peters Porch with this Epitaph Hic requiescit dominus Augustinus Dorobernensis Archiepiscopus primus qui â—lim huc a beato Gregorio Remanae vrbis pontifice directus a Deo operatione miraculorum suffultus Aethelbertum regem ac gentem illius ab idolorum cultu ad Christi fidem perduxit completis in pace diebus officij sui defunctus est septimo Kalendas Iunias eodem rege regnante In the same place were interred the sixe succeeding Archbishops for whom and Augustin making the seauenth were these verses as coÌ„mon to them all written on the wall with this title as I finde them in Geruasius Dorobernensis Septem primae ecclesiae Anglorum columnae Augustinus Laurentius Mellitus Iustus Honorius Deus-dedit Theodorus Septem sunt Anglis primates protopatres Septem rectores caelo septemque triones Septem cisternae vitae septemque lucernae Et septem palmae regni septemque coronae Septem sunt stellae quas haec tenet area cellae But Theodore the last of the 7. which first taught Greeke in England and died in the yeare 713. had this seuerally inscribed vpon his tombe Scandens alma nouae foelix consortia vitae Ciuibus Angelicis iunctus in arce poli Cedwall King of the West Saxons went to Rome in the yeare 689. there being Baptized renounced the world ended his life and lieth buried with this Epitaph Culmen opes sobolem pollentia regna triumphos Exuuias proceres mania castra lares Quaeque patrum virtus quae congesserat ipse Caedwal armipotens liquit amore Dei With some more which you may see in Paulus Diaconus and Beda King Eadgar surnamed the Peaceable the great patron and fauourer of Monkes deserued well for his foundation of so many Abbayes this Epitaph Autor opum vindex scelerum largitor honorum Sceptriger Eadgarus regna superna petit Hic alter Salomon legum pater orbita pacis Quòd caruit bellis claruit inde magis Templa Deo templis monachos monachis dedit agros Nequitiae lapsum iustitiaeque locum Nouit enim regno verum perquirere falso Immensum modico perpetuumque breui To the honor of King Alfred a godly wise and warlike prince and an especiall aduancer of learning was made this better then that time commonly afforded Nobilitas innata tibi probitatis honorem Armipotens Alfrede dedit probitasque laborem Perpetuumque labor nomen cui mixta dolori Gaudia semper erant spes semper mixta timori Si modò victor eras ad crastina bella pauebas Si modó victus eras in crastina bella parabas Cui vestes sudore iugi cui sica cruore Tincta iugi quantum sit onus regnare probarunt Non fuit immensi quisquam per climata mundi Cui tot in aduersis vel respirare liceret Nec tamen aut ferro contritus ponere ferrum Aut gladio potuit vitae finisse labores Iam post transactos vitae regnique labores Christus ei sit vera quies et vita perennis It is meruailous how immediately after this time learning decayed in this Kingdome for Iohn Erigena alias Scotus fauoured of Charles the Bald King of France and the forsaid King Alfred for his learning when he was stabbed by his schollers at Malmesbury was buried with this rude rough and vnlearned verse Clauditur in tumulo Sanctus Sophista Iohannes Qui ditatus erat iam viuens dogmate miro Martyrio tandem Christi conscendere regnum Quo meritis regnant sancti per secula cuncti And from this time learning so lowe ebbed in England that betweene Thames Trent there was scant one found which could vnderstand Latin and that you may perceiue when as Hugolin Treasurer to King Edward the Confessor had these most sillie verses in grauen vpon his monument in the olde Chapter house of Westminster Qui ruis iniustè capit hic Hugoline locus te Laude pia clares qnia martyribus nece clares But shortly after the Conquest learning reuiued as appeareth by these that follow which were cast in a more learned mould than the former King William surnamed the Conqueror for his conquest of England was buried at Caen in Normandie with this Epitaph discouered in the late ciuill warres of France but mentioned in Gemeticensis Qui rexit rigidos Normannos atque Britannos Audacter vicit fortiter obtinuit Et Caenomanenses virtute contudit enses Imperijque sui legibus applicuit Rex magnus parua iacet his Gulielmus in vrna Sufficit magno paruae domus domino Ter septem gradibus se voluerat atque duobus Virginis in gremio Phoebus et hic obijt Vpon Stigand Archbishop of Canterbury degraded for his corruptioÌ„ I finde this most viperous Epitaph in an olde Manuscript Hic iacet Herodes Herode ferocior huius Inquinat infernum spiritus ossa solum William the Valiant Earle
of Bergeuenny and of many other great Lordships whose body resteth here vnder this tombe in a full faire vaulte of stone set in the bare roche The which visited with long sicknesse in the castle of Rohan therein deceased full Christianly the last day of Aprill in the yeare of our Lord God 1439. he being at that time Lieutenant generall of France and of the Duchie of Normandie by sufficient authoritie of our Soueraigne Lord King Henry the sixt The which body by great deliberation and worshipfull conduct by sea and by land was brought to Warwicke the fourth of October the yeare abouâ—said and was laid with full solemne exequies in a faire Chest made of Stone in the West dore of this Chappell according to his last Will and Testament therein to rest till this Chappell by him deuised in his life were made the which Chappell founded on the Roche and all the members therof his executors did fully make apparail by the auctority of his said last Will Testament And therafter by the said auctoritie they did translate worshipfully the said body into the vaulte aforesaid Honoured be God therefore His sister the Countesse of Shrewsbury was buried in Saint Faithes vnder S. Paules at London with this Here before the image of Ihesu lyeth the Worshipfull and right noble Lady Margaret Countesse of Shrouseburie late wife of the true victorious Knight redoubted Warriour Iohn Talbot Earle of Shrousebury which worshipfully died in Gien for the right of this lond the first daughter and one of the heires of the right famous and renowned Knight Richard Beauchampe late Erle of Warwicke which died in Roane and of dame Elizabeth his wife the which Elizabeth was daughter and heire to Thomas late Lord Berkely on his syd and of 〈◊〉 moders side Lady Lisle and Ties which Countesse passed from this world the xiiii day of Iune the yeare of our Lord 1468. On whose soule the Lord haue mercy For that valerous Earle her husband the terror of France I found no Epitaph but insteed thereof I will giue you â—o vnderstand that not long since his sworde was found in the riuer of Dordon and solde by a pesant to an Armorour of Burdeaux with this inscription but pardon the Latin for it was not his but his Camping priests SVM TALBOTI M. IIII.C.XLIII PRO VINCERE INIMICO MEO This inscription following is in the Cathedrall Church at Roan in Normandie for Iohn Duke of Bedford and Gouernour of Normandie Sonne to King Henry the fourth buried in a faire plaine monument which when a French Gentleman aduised Charles the eight French King to deface as being a monument of the English victories he said Let him rest in peace now he is dead whom we feared while he liued Cy gist feu de noble memoire haut puissant prince Iean en son viuant regent du Royaume de France Duc de Bethfort pour lequel est fondè vne Messe estre par chacun iour perpetuellement celebrâ—e en cest autel par le college des Clementins incontineâ—â— apres prime trespassa le 13. Septembre 1435. Au quel 13. iour semblablement est fondè poâ—r luy vn obït en ceste eglise Dieu face pardon à soname Vpon an auncient Knight Sir Iernegan buried Crosse-legd in Somerly in Suffolke some hundred yeares since is written Iesus Christ both God and man Saue thy seruant Iernegan Happy prudent K. Henry the 7. who stopped the streames of ciuill bloud which so long ouer-flowed England left a most peaceable state to his posteritie hath his magnificall monument at Westminster inscribed thus Septimus hic situs est Henricus gloria regum Cunctorum illius qui tempestate fuerunt Ingenio atque opibus gestarum nomine rerum Accessere quibus naturae dona benignae Frontis honos facies augusta heroica forma Iunctaque ei suauis coniunx perpulchra pudica Et faecunda fuit foelices prole parentes Henricum quibus octauum terra Anglia debes Hic iacet Henricus huius nominis VII Angliae quondam rex Edmundi Richmundiae Comitis filius qui die 22. Aug. Rex creatus statim post apud Westmonasterium 30. Octob. coronatur anno Domini 1485. moritur deinde xxi April anno aetatis Liii Regnauit annos xxii mens viii minùs vno die This following I will note out of Hackney Church that you may see that the Clergie were not alwaies anticipating and griping many liuings by this worthy man which relinquished great dignities and refused greater Christopherus Vrswicus Regis Henrici Septimi Elemozinaerius vir sua aetate clarus summatibus atque infimatibus iuxtà charus Ad exteros reges vndecies pro patria legatus DecanatuÌ„ Eboracensem Archidiaconatum Richmundiae DecanatuÌ„ Windsoriae habitos viuens reliquit EpiscopatuÌ„ Norwicensem oblatum recusauit Magnos honores totâ vita spreuâ—t frugali vita contentus hic viuere hic mori voluit Plenus annoruÌ„ obiâ—â— ab omnibus desideratus Funeris pompam etiam testamento vetuit Hic sepultus carnis resurrectionem in aduentum Christi expectat Obijt anno Christi incarnati 1521. Die 23. Martij Anno aetatis suae 74. This testamentarie Epitaph I haue read in an ould Manuscript Terram terra tegit Daemon peccata resumat Res habeat Mundus spiritus alta petat The name of the defunct is as it were enigmatically expressed in this ould epitaph Bis fuit hic natus puer bis bis iuuenisque Bis vir bisque senex bis doctor bisque sacerdos In the Cathedrall church of S. Pauls in London a stone is inscribed thus without name Non hominem aspiciam vltra OBLIVIO This man yet would not willingly haue bene forgotten when he adioyned his Armes to continue his memorye not vnlike to Philosophers which prefixde their names before their Treatises of contemning glorie Another likewise suppressing his name for his Epitaph did set downe this goodly admonition Looke man before thee how thy death hasteth Looke man behind thee how thy life wasteth Looke on thy right side how death thee desireth Looke on thy left side how sinne thee beguileth Looke man aboue thee ioyes that euer shall last Looke man beneth thee the paines without rest The Abott of S. Albanes which lieth buried there in the high Quire suppressed his name as modestly as any other in this Hic quidam terra tegitur Peccato soluens debitum Cuius nomen non impositum In libro vitae sit inscriptum In the Cloister on the north side of S. Pauls now ruinated one had this inscription vpon his Graue without name VIXI PECCAVI PAENITVI NATVRAE CESSI Which is as Christian as that was prophane of the Romane AMICI DVM VIVIMVS Vâ—VAMVS Queene Iane who died in Child birth of King Edward the sixt and vsed for her deuice a Phaenix has this therevnto alluding for her Epitaph Phenix Iana iacet nato Phaenice doendum Secula Phaenices nulla tulisse duos The noble
Thomas Earle of Surrey father to Thomas late Duke of Norfolk and the right honourable and nobly learned now Earle of Northampton in the time of King Henry the eight first refined our homly English Poesy among many other made this Epitaph comparable with the best for Thomas Clere Esquire his friend and follower buried at Lambeth .1545 Norfolk sprang thee Lambeth holds thee dead Clere of the County of Cleremont though high Within the wombe of Ormondes race thou bread And sawest thy cosin crowned in thy sight Shelton for loue Surrey for Lord thou chase Aye me while life did last that league was tender Tracing whose steps thou sawest Kelsall blaze Laundersey burnt battered Bullen render At Muttrell gates hopeles of all recure Thine Earle halfe dead gaue in thy hand his will Which cause did thee this pining death procure Ere summers seauen times seaven thou couldest fulfill Ah Clere if loue had booted care or cost Heauen had not wonn nor earth so timely lost The Duke of Suffolke and his brother sonnes of Charles Brandon which died of the sweat at Bugden were buried together with this Vna fides viuos coniunxit religio vna Ardor et in studijs vnus et vnus amor Abstulit hos simul vna dies duo corpora iungit Vna vrna ac mentes vnus Olympus habet The Earle of Deuonshire Edward Courtney honorably descended from one of the daughters of King Edward the fourth is buried at Saint Anthonies in Padua with this which I set downe more for his honor then the elegancy of the verse Anglia quem genuit fueratque habitura patronum Corteneum celsa haec continet arâ—a Ducem Credita causa necis regni affectata cupido Reginae optatum tunc quoque connubium Cui regni proceres nou cosensere Philippo Reginam Regi iungere posse rati Europam vnde fuit iuuem peragrare necesse Ex quo mors misero contigit ante diem Anglia si plorat defuncto principe tanto Nil mirum Domino deficit illa pio Sed iam Corteneus caelo fruiturque beatis Cum doleant Angli cum sine fine gemant Cortenei probitas igitur praestantia nomen Dum stabit hoc templum viuanda semper erunt Angliaque hinc etiam stabit stabuntque Britanni Coniugij optati fama perennis eris Improba naturae leges Libitina rescindens Ex aequo iuuenes praecipitatque senes Walter Milles who died for the profession of his faith as some saye made this Epitaph for himselfe Non praua impietas aut actae crimina vitae Armarunt hostes in mea fata truces Sola fides Christi sacris signata libellis Quae vitae causa est est mihi causa necis This man was not so godly as he was impious as it seemeth who was buried in the night without any ceremony vnder the name of Menalcas with this Here lyeth Menalcas as dead as a logge That liued like a deuill died like a dogge Here doth he lye said I then saye I lye For from this place he parted by and by But here he made his discent into hell Without either booke candell or bell This may seeme too sharpe but happily it proceeded from some exulcerated minde as that of Don Petro of Toledo Viceroy of Naples wickedly detorted out of the Scriptures Hic est Qui propter nos nostram salutem descendit ad inferos A merry and wealthy Goldsmith of London in his life time prepared this for his Grauestone which is seene at S. Leonards neere Foster-lane When the Bells be merrilie runge And the Masse deuoutly songe And the meate merrily eaten Then is Robert Traps his wife and children quite forgetten Wherefore Ihesu that of Mary sprong Set their soules the Saints among Though it be vndeserued on their side Let them euermore thy mercy abide Doctor Caius a learned Phisition of Cambridge and a co-founder of Gunwell and Caius colledge hath onely on his monument there FVI CAIVS Which is as good as that great learned man of his profession Iulius Scaliger SCALIGERI QVOD RELIQVVM But that which Cardinall Pole appointed for himselfe is better than both Depositum Poli Cardinalis This ensuing for Sir N. Bacon Lord Keeper of the great Seale is worthy to be read both for the honour of the person who was a most wise Councellour and the rarenesse of Iambique verses in Epitaphes albeit this our age doth delight 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 But as he saith Malos Iambus enecat beat bonos Hic Nicolaum nâ— Baconum conditum Existima illum tam diu Britannici Regni secundum columen exitium malis Bonis asylum caeca quem non extulit Ad hunc honorem sors sed aequitas fides Doctrina pietas vnica prudentia Non morte raptum crede qui vnica Vita perennes emerit duas agit Vitam secundam caelites inter animos Fama implet orbem vita quae illi tertia est Hac positum in arca est corpus olim animi domus Ara dicata sempiternae memoriae W. Lambe a man which deserued well of the citie of London by diuerse charitable deeds framed this for himselfe As I was so be yee As I am yee shall be That I gaue that I haue That I spent that I had Thus I end all my cost That I left that I lost All which Claudius Secundus a Romane contained in these foure words HIC MECVM HABEO OMNIA Shorte and yet a sufficient commendation of M. Sandes was this Margareta Sandes Digna haec luce diuturniore Nisi quod luce meliore digna And answerable thereunto is this for a Gentleman of the same name Who would liue in others breath Fame deceaues the dead mans trust When our names do change by death Sands I was and now am dust Sir Philip Sidney to whose honour I will say no more but that which Maro saide of Marcellus nephew of Augustus Ostendunt terris hunc tantum fata nec vltra esse sinunt which also was answered by the Oracle to Claudius the 2. Emperour of his brother Quintilius hath this most happily imitated out of the French of Mons Boniuet made by Ioach. du Bellay as it was noted by Sir George Buc in his Poetica England Netherland the heauens and the arts The souldiers and the world hath made six parts Of noble Sidney for who will suppose That a small heape of stones can Sidney enclose England had his body for she it fed Netherland his bloud in her defence shed The heauens haue his soule the arts haue his fame The souldiers the griefe the world his good name Vpon the golden Lion rampaut in Gueles of the house of Albenye which the late Earle H. Fitz-Alan bare in his armes as receauing the Earledome of Arundel from the house of Albenye one composed this Epitaph Aureus ille leo reliqui trepidate leones Non in sanguineo nunc stat vt ante solo Nam leo de Iuda vicit victoque pepercit Et