of Hungary some from William Count of Bourgongne brother of Raymond Count of Outre-Soane and others also from Guy Count of Vernoeil in Normandy brother of this William Aux Antiquitez de la Gaule Belgique Furthermore there are that report that he was son of Henry Duke and Earl of Limbourg and Duke of Lorraine Lastly others which have followed the Error of Richard of Vassebourg a Modern Historian are of Opinion that William was his Father who was called Baron of Joinville whom they make to be Governor of Lorraine in the absence of his Father the great Godfrey of Buillon elected King of Jerusalem But all these Opinions and Imaginary descents have been worthily refuted by Theodore Godefroy Advocate in the Court of Parliament of Paris in a Treatise which he hath published of the Original of the Kings of PORTUGAL having first revived this Opinion and clearly justified by proofs and undeniable reasons that they are descended in Line Masculine from the Royal House of FRANCE by this HENRY the chief of his Branch And he groundeth principally upon the Authority of the Fragment which yet remaineth of an old Latin History of France which begins at the decease of King Robert and is continued to the Reign of Philip the first An History composed by a Monk of the Abbey of Saint Benedict Lez Fleury upon the Loir in the Diocess of Orleance who lived in the time of the same HENRY This Fragment with other Historians hath been published at the end of the last Age by the Learned Peter Pithou Note here the terms of this Ancient Author which hath been translated Our design is not here to mention how many times the King Andefonse he is called also Alphonso the VI. King of Castille and Leon generously behaved himself against the Sarazins Bragm Hist à Rege Roberto ad Philipp I. nor the number of the Battels in which he hath vanquished them It 's he which wrested from them and subjected to his Empire the strong City of Toledo He espoused Constance daughter of Robert Duke of Bourgongne and had a daughter by her which he gave in marriage to Raymond Count of Outre-Sonne As for his other daughter begotten out of marriage He espoused her to HENRY one of the sons of the sons of the same Duke of BOURGONGNE and upon the Confines of Spain opposed them both against the Agarenes He nameth also the Infidels under whose yoke Spain at that time mourned and of which they possessed a good part This is the more to be credited for that the Historian who wrote it was co-temporary with the Prince of whom we speak as may be gathered by other Passages of his History Jo. Mariana Hist Hisp. lib. 10. cap. 1. Several give unto HENRY the Title and Quality of Count of PORTUGAL and agree in this Point that he was established Earl thereof in the Years of CHRIST 1090 year One thousand fourscore and ten by the King of Castille his Father in Law who gave him this County in Dower in hope as this King did verily believe he would war upon the Moors in Portugal as Hugh the first of the name Duke of Bourgongne his elder brother had done in Arragon in which he was not deceived for he served as a Rampire to check the course of those Barbarians But it is otherwise to be presumed and that the same Queen of Castille Constance Th. Godefroy who was Aunt by the Fathers side of this HENRY and lived in the time of the marriage might have contributed her recommendation for the attainment of this Province of Portugal in Dower and Note also that the Count of Outre-Soan who espoused the other lawfully begotten Daughter of the same King as we have said had in Marriage with her only a summe of money Godefroy is not only of this opinion for it was also followed by Jaques Augustus de Thou President in the Court of Parliament in the History of his time by Prudencio de Sandoval Bishop of Pampelona in Navarre and Historiographer of Philip the III. King of Spain in the History of Ferdinand I. and other Kings of Castille by Andrew du Chesne the Kings Geographer in the Histories of Bourgongne and Vergy as also by Antonio de Vasconcellos a Portugues of the Order of Jesus and Rector of the University of Evora in the Latine History of the Kings of Portugal which he hath written in a most elegant Stile This natural Daughter of King Alphonso Duarte Nunez en Chron. des Reis de Port. and of Ximena de Gusman wife of HENRY OF BOURGONGNE was named TERESA Years of CHRIST 1089 OF CASTILLE He left France in the Year One thousand fourscore and nine accompanied with a good number of Lords for the succour of the King of Castille among which there are named seven Counts the principal of which were Raymond the son of William Count of Bourgongne Raymond of St. Gilles and Toulouse Chronique M S. de S. Denys this HENRY who by mistake is sirnamed of Lorraine in the History Rotrou de Perche and William Viscount of Melun they are all said to be at the same Battel for which cause some suppose it had the appellation of the Seven Counts But the Histories of Spain speak otherwise The Count HENRY Ordered the City of Conimbra for his principal residence and that of his Court Vasconcellius Anacephaloeosi I. and the City of Braga for Metropolitane of the other Churches He vanquished and put to flight some Moorish Kings at Visco and Lamego and seized also upon Lisbonne it hath since been the Capital City of the Kingdom which not long after they recovered again But this great Prince being impatient of repose without honour if we Years of CHRIST 1097 credit some Authors undertook the Crossiade with Godfrey of Buillon and other Princes for the recovery of the Holy Land where he performed wonders Duarte Nunez Being upon his return from this Voyage of which some make a doubt he vigorously continued his War against the Moors nor did his great age cause him to discontinue the performance of his Martial Affairs And lastly His Death Vasconcellius he dyed at the Siege of the City of Asturia in the Year One Years of CHRIST 1112 thousand one hundred and twelve being then aged about Threescore and ten years yet there be some that extend the Course of his Life to a longer period He was inhumed in the Cathedral Church of the City of Braga Duarte Nunez which is one of the chief of the Kingdom of Portugal In the Year One thousand five hundred and thirteen Diego de Sousa being then Bishop who was descended from Prince HENRY caused a Chappel to be built in which he reposed the bones of this Prince and wrote an Epitaph which declared him to be Son of a King of Hungary But Edward Nunez In his Chronicle of Portugal a judicious and learned person hath with reason refuted the error of this Original
Arms of Portugal Now MAUD understanding the design of the King her Husband to take another wife From France she undertook a journey into Portugal and there made her protestations and opposition against this unlawful Marriage which ALPHONSO regarded not but slightly passed over When this would not move him to Justice the Princess and her kindred of the number of which was the King St. Lewis made their appeal to Pope Alexander IV. with whom their complaint and the Princesses tears took such effect Mariana that he first mildly admonished ALPHONSO to receive again his lawful wife and forsake BEATRIX but continuing refractory and stubborn the same Pope thundred out his Excommunications against him and his Kingdom prohibiting Divine Service throughout all his Dominions under which Interdiction he lay the space of two years and to the death of MAUD happening in the Year Nunez One thousand two hundred Years of CHRIST 1262 threescore and two when the Prelates of the Kingdom so carried the matter to Pope Urban IV. that he not only removed this Excommunication but also approved the Marriage this proceeded principally from the Relation of kindred the said Pope had to the King ALPHONSO and for the peace and welfare of the Kingdom MAUD having made her last Will and Testament in the Year One thousand two hundred forty and one bequeathed unto her Husband King ALPHONSO the Summe of Twenty thousand Livets Idem beside the right she had to another Summe of Four thousand l. due unto her by the Count and Countess of Flanders Also to others she left many pious Legacies and ordered for the Executors of this her last Testament Robert Bishop of Beauùais her Cousin Matthew de Trie and others Gifts which were approved by Gaucher de Chastillon sieur de Monjay her Kinsman who had espoused Jane her daughter Mariana descended from her first Marriage Nunez Lastly His Death King ALPHONSO having lived Threescore and nine years Vasconcellius and Reigned Three and thirty finished his dayes at Lisbonne the Capital City of his Estate in the Year One thousand two hundred threescore Years of CHRIST 1279 and nineteen He received the honour of Sepulture within the Church of St. Dominick in the same place and from thence ten years after his body was transported to the Chappel dedicated to St. Vincent in the Abbey of Alcobace where lieth also Queen Beatrix of Castille his Wife Tâ—aâ—té du droit de succession sur la Portugal de la Royne Catherine de Medicis Some are of opinion that he had by the Countess of Bolongne two sons the elder of which named after him Alphonso dyed young the younger called Robert lived in France and was Count of Bolongne from whom are descended the other Earls unto Jane de la Tour who exchanged this County for that of Lauregais and had issue her daughter Magdelene de la Tour Mother of Queen Katherine de Medicis wife of Henry II. King of France The same Queen as being descended from Robert pretended a right to the Kingdom of Portugal after the death of the Kings Sebastian and Henry And at what time the Estates were assembled to Advise of a Successor to the Crown she sent her Embassadors also thither to represent her Right and Pretentions as also did several other Princes upon the same account At the same time there was published in France a Treatise which is reputed to have for Author Peter Beloy afterwards the Kings Advocate in the Court of Parliament of Toulouse concerning the right and lawful succession of the Kingdom of Portugal appertaining to this Queen Katherine Mother of the most Christian King Henry III. En Chronica des Reis de Portugal But the Castillian and Portugal Historians among others Edward Nunez will not admit of this descent of the House of Bolongne nor that ALPHONSO III. had any children by Queen MAUD his first Wife But to confound this extraction and to prove it only imaginary he grounds upon divers Circumstances and pregnant Conjectures which he particularly toucheth upon in the Chronicle of the Kings of Portugal by him published in his own Language Conjectures drawn from the time as also from the consideration of the Age of the Princess and the words of her last Testament in which there is mention made only of her daughter by the first Bed And lastly from the Contents of that Supplication Years of CHRIST 1262 presented by the Prelates to the Pope intreating his Holiness to give Absolution to their King and a Dispensation to the end that he and Beatrix might lawfully continue and live together and that their Children after them might be capable of the possession of their Estates Children of ALPHONSO III. King OF PORTUGAL and of BEATRIX OF CASTILLE his second Wife DIONYSIO OR DENIS King OF PORTUGAL and the ALGARVES continued the Posterity ALPHONSO OF PORTUGAL Lord of Portalegre PORTUGAL-PORTALEGRE Chasteauvieux His Marriage Marvau and of Arouce was joyned in Marriage with YOLAND OF CASTILLE daughter of the Infant Emanuel son of Ferdinando III. King of Castille Party de CASTILLE and of Constance of Arragon his Wife And because that ALPHONSO married his daughters to Castillian Lords De gueulles au Chastean d'or and would have given them those places of his appennage in Portugal his brother King DIONYSIO opposed him But this difference was at last appeased by exchange made betwixt the King and this Lord of Portalegre who consented to part with places upon the Frontire of Castille for those that were situate within the middle of Portugal He was inhumed in the Church of St. Dominick at Lisbonne and left issue a Son and four Daughters which follow 7. ALPHONSO OF PORTUGAL Seigneur of Leiria dyed without Children 7. ISABEL OF PORTUGAL BISCAY Comme cy devant Wife of JOHN Lord of BISCAY sirnamed the Purblind 7. CONSTANCE OF PORTUGAL Party de PORTUGAL espoused to GONCALE-NUNEZ DE LARA LARA Party de PORTUGAL son of John Nunez de Lara called the Good 7. MARY OF PORTUGAL was conjoyned in Marriage with TELLEZ son of Alphonso Infant OF MOLINA 7. ISABEL OF PORTUGAL sirnamed the Young to difference her from her elder Sister of the same name was married unto JOHN-ALPHONSO Lord of Albuquerque son of Alphonso-Sanceo who was Nephew of Dionysio King of Portugal Here follow the Children of King ALPHONSO III. and of BEATRIX OF CASTILLE FERDINAND OF PORTUGAL dyed young in the City of Lisbonne BLANCHE OF PORTUCAL Abbess of Loruano then of that Das Holgas at Burgos This Princess was exceeding rich For the King of Castille her Grand-father by the Mother and King Dionysio her Brother gave her the Seigneuries of Monmor le Vicil and Campo-Major CONSTANCE OF PORTUGAL having been with Queen Beatrix her Mother in Castille for to visit the King her Grand-father she there dyed in the City of Seville being young Her body was brought home and buried in the Abbey of
Luciadum Regnum cujus vide stemmata Christi Mittit enim rebus stemmata quisque suis. A Genealogical History OF THE KINGS OF PORTUGAL And of all those Illustrious Houses that in Masculine Line are branched from that Royal Family CONTAINING A DISCOURSE Of their several Lives Marriages and Issues Times of Birth Death and Places of Burial With their Armes and Emblazons according to their several alterations as also their Symboles and Mottoes All Engraven in Copper-Plates Written in French by SCEVOLE and LOVIS DE SAINCTE-MARTHE Brethren and Advocates in the Court of Parliament of PARIS Unto the Year M.DC.XXIII Rendred into English and continued unto this present Year M.DC.LXII By FRANCIS SANDFORD Rouge-Dragon Pursuiuant of Armes LONDON Printed by E. M. for the Author ANNO 1662. TO THE MOST Glorious Monarch CHARLES II. KING of GREAT BRITAIN FRANCE and IRELAND c. Royal SIR THose Presents which in themselves are rich and beautiful cannot lose any thing of their esteem though tendred by the meanest hand the Diamond falls not under its true value when found among the low-prized Pebbles Nor will I hope this History which with all due Reverence I presume to lay at Your Majesties Feet be thought worthless although presented to the greatest of Kings by the least and lowest of his Subjects Yet my presumption bears with it a more extentive Modesty than to possess me with a belief that what I now bring can as far as it is any thing of mine be worthy the least regards of Majesty For it's Worth Consists in it self and being a Genealogical History of a Royal House Indubitably Descended from our English Kings cannot I hope find a less Gracious Acceptance from our Great Monarch than it hath formerly done from His most Christian Majesty in Favour of those who but disputably have maintained it to be a Branch of the Royal Stem of France but it may much more engage Your acceptance when Your Majesty considers that out of this Renowned Stock Your Majesty hath made choice of Your most Excellent Queen For from Philippa the daughter of the great Duke of Lancaster John of Gaunt descended that numerous issue which hath since supplyed PORTUGAL for above Three hundred years with a Succession of Heroick and Valiant Kings and was not discontinued but by the Power of the Castillians under Philip II III IV. Kings of Spain and hath been as miraculously restored in the Person of K. John IV. so that as King John I. much augmented the Glory of that Nation by allying himself with England another King John hath no less renewed it not more by redeeming his Kingdom out of the hands of Ambitious Seisers than in being Father to that Daughter by whom in the Persons of Your Royal Majesty and our Gracious Queen KATHERINE a second and much firmer union is contracted between these two so antiently allied Crowns But here Dread SIR I do conclude lest I should too long disturb Your Royal thoughts with those Prayers which all good Subjects are bound to make That as the Portuguesses have acknowledged that Match with England to be the most happy and fortunate that ever any of their Kings contracted both for the strength and glory of that Kingdom So that Heaven would likewise give Your Majesty as numerous and as glorious an issue by this second Match that Generations to come may have cause to Bless that Day wherein a Monarch of Great Britain did Espouse an Infanta of PORTUGAL Thus prayes YOUR MAJESTIES most Faithful and most Obedient Subject and Servant FRANCIS SANDFORD Rouge-Dragon Pursuiuant at Arms. The TRANSLATOR to the READER I Need not a better Authority for the Reputation of this History then to inform you That the first Part thereof from Henry Count of Portugal to Anthony Prior of Crato with the Second Book containing the Pedigrees of the Royal House of Braganza and other Princes of the Blood of Portugal is Translated out of the Genealogical History of the Royal House of France written by Scevole and Lovis de Saincte-Marthe Persons Eminent for their Knowledge in Antiquity and most exact in the Descents of the Kings of France and no less curious in this of Portugal as being a Branch of that Royal Stem The later Part continued from Anthony to the Sixth Year of the Reign of King Alphonso VI. being this present Year One thousand six hundred threescore and two is taken out of the Letters of Francisco Loredano a Noble Venetian and an Able Statesman employed Ambassador from that Republick to most of the Princes and Potentates of Europe Englished by an Ingenious young Gentleman not long since To these French and Italian Authors I have made several Additions out of Don Antonio de Sousa de Macedo a Portuguesse concerning the several Changes of the Arms of that Kingdom The Ceremonies used at the Coronations and Burials of the Kings of Portugal from Conestaggio an Italian And the Modern Additions to the Descents of the Younger Houses either out of Nicholaus Rittershusus a Germain or from the faithful Report of some of the Nobility of the Portugal Nation Having chosen rather to make use of Authors that were strangers and unbiassed with Interest than Natives of that Kingdom both for the Satisfaction of my Reader and also because the Exploits of that Warlike and Industrious People would seem from their own Relations almost incredible For if we consider the small Beginnings out of which they have gained such vast Territories we cannot but confess That they have out-done most of the greatest Conquerors for those with mighty Armies subjected the Old World but these with small Numbers have not only carried Victory to the East but found out New Worlds to Conquer So that the Dominions of Alphonso the first King of Portugal are not the Tenth part of those Kingdoms possessed by King Alphonso VI. If I have too much made use of the French Idiome in this Translation most Gentlemen will I presume pass by that Errour it being almost impossible to meddle with that Language and not to receive some Impressions thereby The Errours of the Press I have entred on the other side of the Leaf in the Errata which I would intreat you to Correct and then I hope you will find the Satisfaction expected in the perusal of this History Farewel F. S. WE having perused this Book which is for the most part a Translation out of French of a Genealogical History of the Kings of Portugal do not find that the same doth materially vary from the Sense of the Authors nor that there is in it any thing contrary to the Rules of Armory EDWARD WALKER Garter Principal King of Arms. WILLIAM DVGDALE Norroy King of Arms. ERRATA PAge 1. line 32. for Idolatrous read Idolators p. ibid. l. 36. for Histories r. Historians p. 2. l. 12. for Father r. Brother p. 3. l. 43. after to be built add in that Cathedral p. ibid. l. 44. to an Epitaph aâ—d in Latine p. 5. l. 36.
He often nameth TERESA Queen as being a Kings Daughter She deceased about the Year One thousand one hundred and thirty Her body lieth near unto that of her Husband Count HENRY Andr. Resendius lib. 4. Antiquit Lusit Although the greater number of Writers give her the Qualification of a Natural Daughter there is an Author of this Time famous and well read in the knowledge of the Portugal Antiquities who assures us that in the Ancient Chronicles in Manuscript she is called the Daughter of the Queen Ximena de Gusman lawful Wife of King Alphonso Dom. Anton. de Sousa denieth that Teresa was a Bastard and also writeth that her younger Sister Uracca usurped the Kingdom of Castille against her These are his words Tharasia mater Alphonsi primi Regis lusitaniae filia erat Legitima natu major Alphonsi 6. Regis Legionis Castellae cumque pater mortuus fuerit sine filio masculo ut est notorium ipsa extabat haeres Legitima Regnorum ejus Qâ—ae tamen Uracca soror junior usurpavit quapropter inter utramque orta sunt bella Appen ad Lusit Lib. Cap. 4. Actio Prima and also Nunez and Vasconcellos seem to be of the same opinion which is confirmed by the quality of Ximena who was descended from one of the most Illustrious Houses of Spain The History of Portugal hath been written by several Authors and iâ— several Languages among others by Edward Galvan Stephen Garibay the same NuneZ or Nonius Leo a Portugal Lawyer John de Maris John de Barros Lopez de Castagneda Damiano de Goez Hierosme Osorio Bishop of Silva John Mariana the same Vasconcellos Hierosme Francchi Conestaggio Joseph Texera Theodore Godefroy and others who have conjointly treated of the History of SPAINE Children of HENRY OF BOURGONGNE Count of PORTUGAL and of TERESA OF CASTILLE his Wife ALPHONSO Count afterwards first King of PORTUGAL continued the Posterity Nunez Vasconcellius URACCA OF PORTUGAL Wife to Veremond Paaez de Trava Count of TRASTEMARE TERESA others name her SANCE OF PORTUGAL Her Marriage married to FERDINAND MENDEZ a Puissant Lord in Gallicia Natural Children of HENRY OF BOURGONGNE Count of PORTUGAL PETER Bastard of PORTUGAL made a Journey into France in the Year One thousand one hundred seven and forty Years of CHRIST 1147 and reported unto King Alphonso his Brother the Miracles performed by St. Bernard Abbot of Clervaux He incited this King to Found the rich Monastry of Alcobace into which this PETER retired and there passed the rest of his dayes in great humility where he was also entombed 2 ALPHONSO I KING OF PORTUGAL CHAP. II. PORTUGAL D'argent a cinq escussons d'Azure peris en Croix Chacun charge de cinq besans d'argens pose en sately avec un poiâ—â— de sable PORTUGAL Party de MAURIENNE ou Savoye D'or a l' Aigle de sable 〈◊〉 bâ—é â—â—quâ— de guelles Being only Eighteen years old at the death of his Father he was by some of the Portugals judged too young to undergo and manage those grand Warres begun as well against the Moors as those of Leon and therefore they endeavoured to marry Theresa Widow of the defunct to the Count of Trastamare who upon this occasion should undertake the Government of Portugal But the young Prince ALPHONSO not suffering it opposed him with so much courage that having Vanquished the Count he was constrained to with-draw And nevertheless by the Agreement afterwards setled betwixt them he caused him to marry his Sister Uracca of Portugal as we have said before by which we may presume that the Marriage of Teresa with the Count of Trastamare was only proposed It 's true which we add That ALPHONSO so ill resented his intended Deprivation from the Government that it urged him to confine this Princess to a Prison Vignier souâ— l'an 1147. in which she finished her life Whereupon not long after began that cruel Warre with Alphonso VII King of Castille and Leon his Cousin from which nevertheless he ever came off with honour and according to some wounded this King in a Battel put the flower of his Nobility to the Sword Vasconcelloâ—â— to the number of seven Earls that accompanied him and took the Queen of Castille his wife prisoner Whom some believe to be as it 's probable she was the Mother of ALPHONSO Afterwards the Count of Portugal directed the course of his War against Ismar and four other Infidel Kings whom he defeated at Ourique in a pitched field â—aribay Mariana Nunez and also that Puissant Army by them raised some Historians write that upon the day of 〈…〉 Aire in that form he was Crucified Vasconcellius who bowing his body downward and casting his eyes on the ground expressed these words ALPHONSO thou shalt overcome in this sign which came to pass for the five Sarazen Kings were kill'd upon the place iâ— memory of which signal Victory to the end there might remain a perpetual mark thereof to Posterity The Arms of Portugal are changed ALPHONSO changed the Azure-Cross which he did before bear in a silver field for his Armes into five Escocheons also Azure every one of them charged with five pence of silver and this in commemoration of the thirty pieces of silver for which our Lâ—â—â— was â—â—â—d by the Jews Nunez Viguâ—â—r In the same Year of our Salvation One thousand one hundred and nine and thirty in pursuit of the Years of CHRIST 1139 same Victory those of the Aâ—â—y of ALPHONSO acknowledged and saluted him for King at Conimbra leaving the name of Duke which he had before changed into that of Count. Aud. Favine Lib. 6. c. 18. Alphonso Henriquez first King of Portugal having conquered from the Moors the City of Evora Anno 1147. there placed a Garison or number of brave-spirited Knights to defend it who made themselves known under the name of Fellow-Brethren of St. Mary of Evora The same King Alphonso not long after gave them the strong Castle d'Avis and therefore the Knights of this Order were called Brethren d'Avis who preserved the memory thereof in their Armes which they took thus D'or a la Croix Fleur deâ—isee de Synâ—ple en pointe deux Osieaux kinâ—â— que des Corbeaux de sable Le Ordin de Avis tâ—â—o su principio en al anno de 1147. en tiempo del Rey Dom Alonso primero Rey du Portugal L'lamose al principio la Cavalleria de Ebora porque tuuo su Conveâ—to en la Ciudad d'este dâ—mbre Su primer Maestre sellamo Dâ—m Ferdinando Monteiro despues sucedio en el Maestrado Dâ—m Fernand Tannes a qui el Rei Dom Alonso de Portugal die el Castillo de Avis anno 1161. y fâ—endo allirans la dado el Convento primero sellâ—mo DE AVIS â—so por segnal una Cruz como la de Alcantara y por Armus la misma Cruz en Campo d'Oro y at pie della dos Aves negras por alusion
del â—ombre de AVIS Thus much out of Dom Damiano a Goas Radeâ— de Andrada and the Count of Lansarote in his Nobility of Aâ—daluâ—ia Memorable was that Assembly Convened by this King Alphonso in the City of Lamogo consisting of the three Estates of the Kingdom where were made many Laws which they justly account their Fundamentals Nunez Vasconcellos as unalterable as those of the Meâ—ds and Persians made Sacred by the observation of them both by Prince and People among which it was enacted First That the said King Alphonso's son Grandson and so forward should reign after him for ever But if the King have only daughters the eldest should be Queen after her father upon condition she be married to a Native of Portugal and that he be a Noble-man who shall not take upon him the name of a King until he hath a son born nor wear a Crown on his head nor take the right hand of his Wife But the last clause is most to be considered which my Author hath faithfully transcribed out of the said Laws Sit istadex in sempiterâ—um quod Prima Filia Regis â—â—â—piat maritum de Portugale ut non veniat RegnuÌ„ ad Extraâ—â—s si â—asaverit cum Principe extranto non sit Regina quia 〈◊〉 volumâ—â— nostrum Regnum ire de Portugalâ—â— sibus qui nos sua fortitudine Reges fecerunt sine Adjutorio alienâ— per suam fortitudinem cum sanguine suó This Law was put in execution after the death of Ferdinando the 9th King of that race for Donna Beatrice his daughter being married to John the first of the name King of Castille a Forrein Prince was excluded and John the first King of Portugal though illegitimate was advanced to the Throne In the mean time an Army composed of divers Nations viz. English Flemmings Normans and Lorrainois being embarqued in England and bound for Jerusalem Robt. de Monte. to give succour to the Christians under the Conduct of William Longespe Duke of Normandy my Author meaneth Earl of Salisbury passed by the coast Years of CHRIST 1147 of Spain where making some stay at the instance of King ALPHONSO they besieged and took the City of Lisbonne which the Moors possessed the Siege having continued five months They were at length defeated by the Christians who delivered this City into the hands and power of ALPHONSO he also Conquered from them the Cities of Leirta Santarem Evora Elvas Beja and several other Towns and Fortresses which make at present the better part of the Kingdom of Portugal which he annexed to the Province situate between the Rivers of Dourho and Minho and that of Tarsâ—s Moâ—tes as also a part of Estremaduru where are Brâ—ga Conimbra Visco and other Cities Provinces which descended to him by succession from his Mother the Countess Teresa Now fell out the dispute betwixt Ferdinando King of Castille and Leon Idem Years of CHRIST 1179 and his Father-in-law King ALPHONSO about the City of Badaios which the Castillian urged belonged unto him as being enterprised upon the Moors being come to blows the King of Portugal having by an accident been hurt before the fight fell within the power of the King of Castille his Enemy but afterward a peace being concluded betwixt them the Portugues remitted unto Ferdinand part of the Provinces of Galicia Years of CHRIST 1181 His success was more propitious in the Enterprise he undertook against Alboias King of Seville whom he also subdued Vasconcellos and after the Victory obtained instituted a Military Order called Of the Eagle The device was An Eagle Purple enfermed within a Circle Or. After all these Warres ALPHONSO had attained to a very great age nevertheless he ceased not to exercise himself in his Martial affairs with his Valiant Son who seconded him in his high and generous Enterprises But that hindred not his inclination to Piety and the erection of several Churches and Monasteries Idem among others he Founded that of St. Croix at Conimbra which he so richly endowed and with so stupendious a revenue that the famous University of this City hath a sensible apprehension thereof and that it is at this day the most Famous and Flourishing of all Spaine ALPHONSO also Founded the Monasteries of St. Bernard of Alcobace and of St. Vincent near Lisbonne in the same place where he encamped at the Siege thereof In short the Portugal Historians give him the reputation of having Built and Founded an hundred and fifty Churches and Religious Houses In fine this great Prince being aged Fourscore and eleven years Nunez and after he had Reigned Six and forty His Death departed out of this life into a better in Years of CHRIST 1186 the same City of Conimbra the Ninth day of December in the Year One thousand one hundred fourscore and six and not two years before as some believe and lieth in this Church of St. Croix King Emanuel one of his most Illustrious Successors erected for him a long time after a most Magnificent Tomb. There are divers opinions among Authors Nunez about the House from which Queen MAUD wife of ALPHONSO did descend His Marriage Pingonius whom he married in the Year One thousand one hundred and six and forty and not two Years of CHRIST 1146 years before as some are of opinion Dami. a Gotz For those which write the History of Portugal and Savoy Vasconcellos say that she was Daughter of Amides the second of the name Count of Savoy or Maurienne and of Maud Daughter of the Count of Albon they would say Viennois his second Wife In the Hist of Arragon But Hierosme Surita writes that she was Sister of Peter Count of Lara and Molona and Daughter of Henry Count of Lara and of Ermensiâ—dâ— Vicountess of Narbonna An opinion which is reproved by Nunez And nevertheless it may be that he married both the one and the other certain it is that Queen Maud dyed in Anno One thousand one hundred threescore and eighteen Years of CHRIST 1178 and was interred with her Husband Children of ALPHONSO I. KING OF PORTUGAL and of MAUD OF SAVOY his Wife HENRY PRINCE OF PORTUGAL dyed young There is mention made of him in a Letter which the King his Father wrote to St. Bernard Abbot of Clerveaux in Bourgongne SANCEO first of the name succeeded his Father and was King of Portugal LEON D'argent au lyon de pourpre Party de PORTUGAL Comme cy devant VRACCA OF PORTUGAL Queen of LEON Her Marriage was married unto Ferdinand II. of the name King of LEON and Galicia And notwithstanding she had a son by him which carried the name of Alphonso and was King of Leon after his Father yet this Marriage was dissolved by the Pope because of the proximity of blood betwixt them FLANDERS D'or an lyon de sable TERESA OF PORTUGAL Countess of FLANDERS whom the Flemmish Historians call MAUD Her Marriage
and this name was given her when in the Year One thousand one hundred fourscore and four she was espoused to Philip of Alsace Count of Flanders Party de PORTUGAL who dyed at the Siege of Years of CHRIST 1184 Ptolemais or Acre in Syria in the War against the Infidels in the Year One thousand one hundred and ninty one In gest Philippi Aug. During his absence the Queen Countess Years of CHRIST 1191 MAUD for so is she called by Rigord and other Historians as being the Daughter of a King and the Wife of a Count did with great prudence govern his Estates and Seigneuries After the death of Philip she was re-married and was first wife unto Eudes III. Duke of Bourgongne Her Death but was divorced by the Authority of the Church Maâ—or History of Flanders Em. Sueyro Nunez TERESA lived to a great age and afterwards dyed the sixth day of May in the Year One thousand two hundred and eighteen by an accident Years of CHRIST 1218 that hapned unto her near the City of Furnes For her Coach falling into a Fenne she could not be drawn out until she expired since which time this place hath been called The Queens Ditch Her body was first inhumed in the Monastery of Dunes and afterward removed to the Abbey of Clervaux It 's probable it was so ordered because she was issued from the Ancient Dukes of Burgundy by the King her Father This Princess is much commended for her great Courage and Prudence she made Adam Bishop of Tourouenne the Executor of her last Will and Testament She also had the happiness to see her Nephew Ferdinand of Portugal established in the County of Flanders Idem Some write that the eldest Daughter of King ALPHONSO was Maud who espoused Raymond the son of Raymond Count of Barcelona but the more judicious are of opinion that this alliance is not creditable Bastard Children of ALPHONSO first of the name King of PORTUGAL Vasconcellius ALPHONSO OF PORTUGAL Knight of the Order of St. John of Hierusalem at Rhodes a man Couragious witness several high enterprises he undertook but he quit this Order near the end of his life and returned into Portugal where he dyed in the Year One thousand two hundred and seven some by mistake name him Pedro Alphonso TERESA OF PORTUGAL married unto SANCEO NUNEZ by whom he had issue Uracca Sancez married unto Goncalo de Sousa Nunez created by King Sanceo the first Count of MENDEZ and from him is descended the Illustrious Familie of SOUSA in Portugal 3 SANCEO I. Of the Name KING of PORTUGAL PORTUGAL CHAP. III. Comme cy devant PORTUGAL Party de ARRAGON D'or a quatre pal's de gueulles His Birth He took his first Breath at Years of CHRIST 1154 Conimbra the Eleventh day of November Nunez in the Year One thousand one hundred and four and fifty Before he came to the Crown two Mahumetane Princes having besieged the City of Badaios he came to the relief thereof so opportunely that he raised the Siege and afterwards gained a memorable Victory Vasconcellos He performed several other Noble adventures But most miraculous was that Trophie he obtained upon the Puissant King of Marocco Miramolin For neither the assistance of thirteen other Kings wherewith he was accompanied nor the infinite number of Sarazens his followers and who had besieged SANCEO in Scalube could hinder him the gaining a Victory upon so many Enemies conjured to the Ruine of him and also of his House After so many Warres observing Portugal to be almost Desert and the Land unmanured He favoured so much labouring men and rendred himself so great a Proficient in the Knowledge of Agriculture that he was ordinarily called THE LABOURER Idem as if he had been the whole course of his life exercised in this Employment although indeed he was intirely born a son of Mars A great lover he was of Architecture and took the care to re-build several Cities and Castles ruined by those Warres History of Flanders It fell out that a Fleet of Ships composed of Danes Frisons and Hollanders Years of CHRIST 1189 having put to Sea as at other times bound for the Holy Land to Warre upon the Infidels were by foul weather driven into the Port of Lisbonne And then SANCEO taking this opportunity as his father had done before him so ordered it Vasconcellius that they assisted him in the Reduction of the City of Silva in the Kingdom of the Algarbies a place at that time most flourishing and strongly Fortified which hath since been made the Metropolis of that Kingdom But as the Time and the Affairs of the World are often crossed by sinister events it hapned that another Miramblin also King of Marocco came and assaulted Portugal committing several Ravages and Spoyles and there leaving the marks of a most sad desolation unfortunately followed with Rain and Inundations Nunez then with extream Drouths Famine and other contagious diseases which swept away so great a number of people that Portugal was reduced to a miserable estate for the space of eight or ten years Vasconcellius So that the Moors took advantage by these calamities to seize upon several Cities and places Accidents which caused King SANCEO to contract a League with them for the space of five years during which time there fell out another Warre betwixt him and the King of Leon all which mis-fortunes hindred his Voyage beyond Sea which he had resolved against the Infidels having only sent to the oppressed Christians some pieces of Money This League being ended the Sarazens began again their incursions The last memorable Action of War performed by King SANCEO Years of CHRIST 1200 was the Prise of the City of Elva from the Moors His Death which they had possessed a long time and not long after he dyed in the Year One thousand two Years of CHRIST 1212 hundred and twelve being aged eight and fifty years and having Reigned seven and twenty He was interred in the Church of St. Croix where King Emanuel raised a Tomb for him like unto that of his father He left behind him great Treasure and remarkable summes of money of which by his Testament which he had made two years before his death he disposed for Legacies to his Children and several Churches In the Year One thousand one hundred fourscore and one the same King SANCEO was conjoyned in Marriage with DOULCE Nunez Surita Vasconcellius His Marriage or ALDONSE OF ARRAGON daughter of Raymond Berengarius Years of CHRIST 1181 Earl of Barcelona and of Perrenella daughter and Heir of Raymer King of Arragon The which Queen DOULCE dyed in the Year One Years of CHRIST 1198 thousand one hundred fourscore and eighteen Nunez After her Death the King her Husband suffered himself to be transported to unlawful Loves and had several Bastards Which incontinence did somewhat eclips the lustre of those
Mariana 11. JAMES OF PORTUGAL dyed shortly after his Father some write that he succeeded him in his Honours and Dignities which others make a doubt of CASTILLE 11. ISABEL OF PORTUGAL Queen OF CASTILLE Her Marriage Anno Escurtelé de LEON One thousand four hundred seven and forty was conjoyned by Marriage unto JOHN second of the name King of CASTILLE Party de PORTUGAL Years of CHRIST 1447 Son of Henry III. and of Katherine of Lancaster his Wife He dyed at Valedolit the Nineteenth day of July in the Year One thousand four hundred fifty and four leaving among other Children a Daughter named Isabel of Castille Wife to the King of Arragon Alphonso V. She was a Magnanimous Princess PORTUGAL-VISCO 11. BEATRICE OF PORTUGAL Her Marriage was the Wife of her Cousin FERDINAND OF PORTUGAL Duke of Visco Party de PORTUGAL a younger Son of King Edward This Princess had for her Son among others King Emanuel of Portugal in the Year One Years of CHRIST 1479 thousand four hundred threescore and nineteen she effected the peace betwixt the Kings of Portugal Alphonso V. and of Castille Ferdinand V. and is much commended by Historians for her singular Prudence and grand Authority 11. PHILIPPA OF PORTUGAL never married FERDINAND OF PORTUGAL youngest Son of John I. King of Portugal Vasconcellius and of Philippa of Lancaster Grand Master of the Order d'Avis Seigneur of Atouguie and of Sanueterre was given in Hostage by his Brother King Edward to the General of the Sarazens Aben Sala until that the said King should deliver up into their Hands the Town of Septe according to the Composition made after the fatal Battel of Tangier In the mean time Edward's death procured his deliverance and although he had Ordered it so in his Will yet FERDINAND ceased not to continue in the hands of these Barbarians the space of six years where he suffered many hardships which he underwent with much constancy and incredible patience and was moreover of so holy a life that he deserved to be Registred in the Rubrick of Martyrs His Death He dyed Aº One thousand Years of CHRIST 1443 four hundred forty and three in the One and fortieth year of his age His bones were brought out of Affrick into Portugal and reposed in the Abbey of Battel BLANCHE OF PORTUGAL eldest Daughter of John I. King of Portugal and of Philippa of Lancaster dyed young Her Marriage ISABEL OF PORTUGAL second Daughter BOURGONGNE was espoused in the Year One thousand four hundred nine and twenty unto PHILIP Years of CHRIST 1429 sirnamed the Good Duke of BOURGONGNE Escartelē Au 1 4. de FRANCE a la bordure componneē d'argent de gueulles qui est BOURGONGNE moderne Au 2. bandê d'or d'azure de six pieces a la bordure de gueulles qui est BOURGONGNE l'ancien Party de sable au Lyon d'or qui est BRABANT Au 3 des mesmes Armes de BOURGONGNE l'ancien Party de LIMBOURG qui est d'argent au Lyon de gueulles couronnē d'or Sur le tout de FLANDRES qui est d'or au Lyon de sable Le tout party de PORTUGAL and dyed in the Year One thousand four hundred threescore and thirteen Natural Children of JOHN I. of the name King of PORTUGAL ALPHONSO OF PORTUGAL Duke of BRAGANZA who hath given original to that illustrious House from which the two last Kings of Portugal John IV. Father of King Alphonso VI. now Reigning Aº 1662. are descended BEATRIX OF PORTUGAL was three times married in England first to Thomas Fitz-Allan Earl of Arundel secondly to Gilbert Lord Talbot but had issue by neither her third Husband was Thomas Fettiplace of Shefford in the County of Berks Esq by whom she had issue John Fettiplace servant to King Henry VI. from whom is descended Fettiplace of North-Denchworth Pusey and Letcombe in the same County Joseph Texera a Portugues hath committed a notorious errour as he hath often done in writing the Genealogies of his Kings when he reporteth That King John I. of the name beside Blanche and Isabel had three other lawfully begottten Daughters viz. Philippa whom he writeth to be Wife of Eric King of Denmark Jane of Henry III. King of Castille and Leonora of the King of Arragon Peter IV. For which this Texera is justly reproved by Edward Nunez in that Censure which he hath published against him 10. EDWARD KING of PORTUGAL and the ALGARVES CHAP. XII PORTUGAL Comme cy devant PORTUGAL Party d' ARRAGON D'or a quatre pals de gueulles Nonius The beginning of his reign was employed in the War of Affrick Mariana at the Siege of Tangier which succeeded not according to his desire Vasconcellius so that for the accomplishment of a Treaty which he made with the Moors into whose hands he promised to render in a certain time the City of Septe he was constrained to give them in Hostage the Prince Ferdinand his Brother who dyed in their hands The Estates of Portugal thinking it not reasonable to quit unto those Infidels a place of so great importance It was also in the beginning of his reign that the Popes Martin V. then Eugenius IV. assembled the Council of Basil at which all the Christian Princes were exhorted to give their assistance King EDWARD resolved to go thither in person Idem But the grand affairs that at this time lay upon his hands impeaded his Journey For to supply which default he sent thither a Solemn Embassade of which Alphonso Bishop of Porte and the Count of Ouren were chief They obtained of the Pope That from that time forward the Knights of the Military Orders of St. James and St. John should be dispensed for Marriage As also that the Kings of Portugal might from that time be Anointed and Sacred as the Kings of England were The same King EDWARD was of a temper couragious and that which is rare in a Prince joyned the exercise of Armes with the knowledge of Letters and Sciences Mariana and so earnestly dedicated himself to the study of Philosophy that he composed many rare and excellent Works among others a Treatise of the Administration of Justice and the Duty of a Prince another of the Office of the Faithful Councellour and a third also of the Art of Riding and Managing of Horses His Eloquence and Piety History makes famous He was a favourer of Learned men and of all those that he observed to be excellent in any Art giving them access to his person and conferring familiarly with them for the advantage and information of his judgement Among those evils wherewith he was afflicted Vasconcellius that of the Plague was the most fatal which hapned in his Kingdom and from which his Royal person it self was not exempted For he was touched with a contagious Disease upon the opening of a Letter which one sent him from an infected place suddenly after which
for Affrick with an Army of Eighteen thousand men King Sebastian's second expedition into Affrica Mariana in Summario de Hist Hisp. and the assistance of a great number of the Nobility of his Kingdom among which were several Princes and Lords descended from the Royal Family At his arrival Muley Moluc Conestaggio fearing that the event of this War might fall out to his disadvantage offered him ten miles Circuit about every one of his Fortresses of Affrica for Tillage But SEBASTIAN would not hearken to any Composition unless he would yield into his hands the Towns of Tituan Alarache and the Cape of Aghero which the Cherif refused In the mean time the Portuguesses being disswaded from marching by land to lay Siege to Alarache to avoid the iminent danger which the Army would fall into thereby were so ill councelled and so unfortunate as to forsake that by Sea the far more advantagious and of less hazard The Battel of Alcacer The Armies then coming to an engagement the Fourth day of August Thuanus Hist sui temp Years of CHRIST 1578 in the Year One thousand five hundred threescore and eighteen in the Plain of Alcacer King SEBASTIAN's Horse had for sometime the better of the Moorish Cavalry Errera but the grand advantage the Moors had of the Christians in number being ten to one so much prevailed that what they could not perform by their valour Nonius they executed with their number so that the Christians wearied with Conquering were at last wholly defeated Conestaggio The King was first wounded in the right Arm with the shot of a Harquebuze whereof making small account he went ordering things in all parts of the Army But being at that time deprived of the greatest Treasure which young Kings ought to have in so important occasions a person sage and advised to whom he should give ear when he began to see his men break he fell furiously with some Gentlemen that were about him into the Enemies ranks valiantly fighting to give incouragement to the Souldiers Those that saw him wondred at his Courage for although they had kill'd three Horses under him without any whit daunting him yet was he indefatigable in charging striking and relieving all parts of the Army where it was most oppressed But being but a man seconded by few he cannot resist the Enemies fury nor make his Friends partakers of his Valour so that being unhorsed he was taken and disarmed His Death And upon a dispute hapning among the Moors for this royal Prisoner was by them most inhumanely butchered Years of CHRIST 1578 in cold blood Vasconcellius Such was the death of this unfortunate King wherein did rencounter all things that might make it deplorable his youth the expectation of his Virtues the want of Succession the violence of his Death and the prison of his body remaining in the hands of the Moors He was indued with excellent qualities which were of no advantage to him wanting because of his youth that Virtue which ought to govern our Actions Conestaggio For all his designs which carried him to a precipitate end were built upon his Magnanimity Liberality his desire of Military Glory the Disposition of his body and the Vigour of his Courage So that we may well say of this unfortunate young Prince that which was sometimes spoken of Alexander the Great That Nature had given him Virtue and Fortune Vices For to say truly SEBASTIAN had his Virtues from Nature and his Vices from his Education Mariana This Battel was the more remarkable for that the two other Kings Moluc and Mahumed dyed there also the first with the violent access of a natural disease the other was drowned in passing the River of Mucazen to save himself by flight There dyed Three thousand Moors and as many Christians or more among which were many persons of Honour For besides the Captains of the strangers and the Duke of Aueiro there was slain Alphonso of Portugal Count of Vimioso Lewis Coutinho Earl of Rodondo Vasco de Gama Count of Vidiguera Alphonso of Norogna Earl of Mira John Lobo Baron of Alvito Alvara of Mello eldest Son to the Count of Tentugal James brother to the Duke of Braganza John de Silveira eldest Son to the Earl of Sorteglia Christopher of Tauora and many others of account so as some Noble Families were there wholly extinct and Theodosius Duke of Barcellos and Anthony Prior of Crato with many others were taken Prisoners Errera The Body of King SEBASTIAN pierced with seven wounds not being known till two dayes after the fight was brought unto Alcacer and afterwards the King of Spain Uncle to the Defunct by the permission of the Cherif King of Morocco caused it to be conveyed to Septe where it rested until that in the Year One thousand five hundred fourscore and two it was from thence transported into the Kingdom of Portugal and with Magnificent Funeral Pomp performed in the presence of the same King interred in the Monastery of Bethleem Conestaggio with the Kings of Portugal his Ancestors And here I cannot omit to inform you of that Ceremony used by the Portuguesses in bewailing their dead Kings The Ceremony used by the Portuguesses in bewailing their dead Kings Idem and performed by them upon the news of the death of this King SEBASTIAN First there parted from the Magistrates house a Citizen on Hors-back covered himself and his Horse all in Black with a great Ensign in his hand likewise of Black bearing it on his shoulder that it might trail on the ground after him followed three old men on foot in Mourning weeds with three Scutchions in their hands like Shields or Targets bearing them high upon their heads without any figure upon them but all Black Then followed some Citizens of the same Magistrates and other inferiors in great numbers All these went through the principal Streets of Lisbonne and coming to the steps of the Cathedral Church which is near unto the place from whence they parted those which hold the Scutcheons mount up certain degrees and one of them lifting up his Shield cries with a loud voice People of Lisbonne lament your King SEBASTIAN who is dead Then all the people weep and cry Having ended his words he breaks his Scutchion as a vain thing striking it on the place where he stands Then proceed they on and being come to the New Street ascending the Stairs of the little Church of our Lady of Oliuera another of them which carried the Scutchions pronounceth the same words the former had done and breaks his Shield in the same manner The like is done by the third upon the stairs of the Hospital So as all the three Scutchions being broken in those places they all return home and thus is the Ceremony ended The same King was at the time of his death aged Four and twenty years Nonius Seven Months and Fifteen Dayes
all Difference concerning that Crown had sent Cardinal Riario Legat Apostolique with Order to disswade the Catholick King from raising Arms and that done to pass into Portugal and in his Holiness name and behalf to Arbitrate the Right between all Pretenders which designs of the Popes this crafty Spanish Fox circumvented for having pre-advice of it and resolving to pursue his own intentions of assuring to himself the Kingdom of Portugal and yet approve himself an obedient Son of the Church he gave Order in all places where the Legat was to pass he should be most Magnificently entertained so that by such sumptuous Treatments the time might be dexterously protracted and he possessed of that Kingdom before the Legal arrived at Court which was accordingly done and the Legat returned thanks for his Magnificent Entertainments though he was displeased at the ill success of his Negotiation But to proceed to the manner of his possessing himself of this Kingdom No sooner did the News arrive at the Spanish Court of the death of King Henry but Ferdinand de Toledo Duke D'Alva was commanded with an Army of Twenty thousand men to march toward Lisbonne and in the Name and Right of his Catholick Majesty to make Conquest of the Kingdom if he found opposition But all the appearance of opposition which he found was made by Don Antonio the Bastard-son of Lewis the Infante who having got into Lisbonne in the Head of a tumultuary Rabble rather than a well-formed Army endeavored at first to make some resistance but was soon discomfited and the Suburbs of Lisbonne being sacked to satisfie the Souldiers the City was surrendred to him whither soon after the King came and so by a mixt Title of Descent and Arms took possession of the Kingdom Ao 1510. Katherine Dutchess of Braganza being enforced to surrender to him all her interest and pretensions which you have read at large in Anthony The Nobility and People of Portugal were without doubt extreamly amazed to see themselves so suddenly surprized and made Subject to a Forein Prince and especially to a Prince of that Nation against whom they had a natural Antipathy but finding themselves in a condition not able to make any resistance they thought they should gain more by submitting freely to that King than by being forced to it and therefore they made their humble submission which PHILIP met as it were half-way and condescended in the General Assembly of Estates to be sworn to these Articles or Capitulations following I. That the said PHILIP King of Spain c. should observe all the Laws Liberties Priviledges and Customs granted to the People by the former Kings of Portugal II. That the Vice-King or Governor should be alwayes the Son Brother Uncle or Nephew of the King or else a Native of Portugal III. That all chief Offices of the Church or State should be bestowed upon the Natives of Portugal and not upon Strangers likewise the Governments of all Towns and places IV. That all Countries now belonging to the Portugal should so continue to the commodity and benefit of the Nation V. That the Portugal Nation should be admitted to all Offices in the Kings House as well as the Castillians VI. That because the King could not conveniently be alwayes in Portugal he should send the Prince to be bred up amongst them These Articles were shut up or concluded with a Blessing upon such Kings as should observe and keep them and a Curse on those who should break or violate them And some Authors likewise affirm that there was another Clause added to them signifying That in case which God forbid that the King which then was or his Successors should not observe this Agreement or should procure a Dispensation for this Oath the Three States of the Kingdom might freely deny Subjection and Obedience to the King without being guilty either of Perjury or Treason Though these Articles were thus sworn to and the Cardinal Albertus Archduke of Austria Son to the Emperour and Nephew to the King of Spain appointed Vice-King of Portugal PHILIP the Second durst not in Person yet leave the Kingdom for he perceived by their Murmurs and visible Discontents that their Submission to him proceeded more out of Fear than Love and that as he had in a moment gained that Kingdom so he should as soon lose it if he should but give them the least opportunity For that the People were highly discontented might easily appear by their attentive listning after old Prophesies among which was one of an old Hermit who told Alphonso the first King of Portugal Of the great Victory that he should obtain over the Five Kings of the Moors that he and his Posterity should Reign happily Kings of Portugal but that in the Sixteenth Generation his Line should fail but that God at length should have mercy again upon them and restore them Others had respect to a Letter written by St. Bernard to the same King Alphonso the Original of which is reported to have been given to the Portugal Embassadours by Lewis the Thirteenth King of France Aº One thousand six handred and forty one the substance of which was to this effect That he rendred thanks to him for the Lands bestowed upon him that in recompence thereof God had declared unto him That there should not fail a Native of Portugal to sit upon that Throne unless for the greatness of their sins God would chastise them for a time but that this time of Chastisement should not last above Sixty Years Other Prophesies there were of this Nature and to this Effect which put the People in hopes of a Deliverance and many of them flattered themselves That Don Sebastian was yet alive and would come and deliver them nay so foolish were some of them that though they believed him slain at the Battel of Alcacer in Barbary yet they thought he should live again and miraculously come to redeem them But that which most of all expressed the Peoples Discontents was what was publickly spoken by the mouths of their Oratours the Priests in their Pulpits who would ordinarily in their Sermons utter Speeches much in prejudice of the Spaniards Title and in Favour of the Dutchess of Braganza nor were they sparing to do so in the presence of the King himself who would therefore often say That the Portuguez Clergy had made the sharpest War with him Father Lewis Alvarez a Jesuite preaching one day before the Vice-Roy took his Text Surge tolle Grabatum tuum ambula and turning himself to the Duke said Sir the meaning of that is Arise Take up your Pack and be gone home But above all this might the Discontents be perceived in the Noblemens Chappels especially in the Duke of Braganza's where they were wont to sing the Lamentations of Jeremy applying all the scorn and reproach of the Israelites to themselves as Aquam nostram pecunia bibimus because of the Excize put by the Spaniards upon Wine and other Necessaries And that Servi
make some demonstration of reverence and mirth and by how much the more they thought themselves observed by so much the more they strove to seem other than they were His Majesty being arrived at the Palace instead of reposing himself addicted himself wholly to consult about carrying on the War knowing well that onely labour produces true rest The first consultations were concerning the expugnation of the Tower of St. John which of all the Forts in the Kingdom only held out for the Catholick King To reduce this Cittadel the Marquess of Ferreira was sent in person with a numerous Army though for the most part tumultuary and ill ordered but what they wanted in discipline they supplyed in affection not refusing to engage themselves in the extreamest dangers for two days the Marquess found strong ressistance but on the third day it yielded as it is supposed forced rather by bullets of Gold than of Iron Don Antonio de Mascarendas with a Portuguess Garison was appointed commander of this Fortress which he very diligently repaired not only of the damages now received by Battery but with other necessary fortifications to bring it to greater perfection The Kingdom thus suddenly reduced to the devotion of King JOHN the fourth the several Governors were commanded to their Countries to levy Forces who listed the inhabitants indifferently from the age of Eighteen to Sixty in whom they found so much disposition that many offered their estates and their lives and would follow the colours although they had licence to depart On the 25. of the same Month followed the Coronation of his Majesty accompanied with all those applauses demonstrations of joy which could proceed from a people of infinite Riches who weary of the Command of strangers were consequently ambitious of a King of their own Nation In the publique Place before the Palace upon a most sumptuous Theatre was erected a great Stage and upon that a less upon the top of which but three steps higher stood a Chair of State under a Canopy all covered over with Cloth of Gold About noon His Majesty came forth of his Palace Royal in a Suit of Chesnut coloured Velvet embroidered with Gold and buttons richly set with Diamonds about his neck was a Collar of great value whereunto hung the badge of the chief Order of Knight-hood called El Ordine di Christo He was girded with a gilt Sword his Robe was Cloth of God lined with white wrought with Gold and flowers the Sword was born before him by Don Francisco De Alello Marquess of Ferreira High Constable of the Kingdom and before him was the Kings Banner displayed by Ferdinando Telles de Meneses Earl Marshal before him went D. Manrique De Silva Marquess of Govea Steward of the Kings Houshold and so in order his Nobles and Grandees of the Realm one before another before all went Portugal King at Arms with the Heralds Pursuivants c. His Majesty being ascended the Stage and having placed himself in the Chair of Estate had the Crown set upon His Head and the Scepter delivered to him with the accustomed Ceremonies by the Archbishop of Lisbon which done he spoke to His Majesty to this effect Behold O most Sacred Majesty these your Subjects who do more rejoyce to see this day than of all the days of their lives They rejoyce to see the Crown of Portugal returned into its Antient stock they rejoyce to have found a Father who will govern them like Children not Tyrannize over them like slaves They here Great SIR offer their estates their lives and oblige themselves to run through all the accidents of fortunes to establish that Crown upon your Head which now with so much devotion with so much readiness they have placed upon it They cannot sufficiently express their affections to Your Majesty could they bring their hearts and lay them down at your Majesties feet they would not refuse to do it so sure are they that they have found a King all goodness all love who will not let slip any means for the Establishing of the Crown for the quiet of his Subjects for augmenting his Dominions and for the conservation of those priviledges which have been written with the blood of our progenitors Be your Majesty graciously pleased to accept this common resentment expressed by my mouth there being nothing that more comforts the minds of good Subjects than the pleasing of their Prince The good old Prelate spoke these words with so much feeling that the tears of his eyes testified the affection of his heart To this speech of the Archbishops His Majesty returned answer in expressions equal to his love and greatness That the weight of the Scepter and subjection to the Crown were things always dissonant to his Genius That he had of late years given them sufficient testimony of it whilst they were not more affectionate in offering than he was ready to deny the taking upon him the weight of the Kingdom That his now condescending to their desires was only to provide for the Kingdom which had been acquisted and agrandized with the blood of his Predecessors and to take it from the hands of those who besides their unjustly possessing it had rendred themselves unworthy of it by endeavouring by all means to ruine it in sum he concluded with thanks for their love offering himself ready to adventure his health and life for their preservation the redeeming them from slavery and maintaining of their priviledges This short discourse ended His Majesty went to the great Church in the same order as before where being set in a Chair of Estate raised upon a Stage for that purpose with a Christal Scepter in his right hand at which stood the Lord Constable and behind him the Lord Chamberlain there was placed before him a Table Covered with Cloth of Gold and a Cushion thereon upon the Cushion lay a Gold Crucifix and a Messal Here the Archbishops of Lisbon and Braga administred the ensuing Oath to the King WE swear and promise by the grace of God to rule and govern you well and justly and to administer justice as far as humane frailty will permit to maintain unto you your Customs Priviledges and liberties granted unto you by the Kings our Predecessors So God help us God and this his holy Gospel This Oath being administred the three Estates to wit the Clergy Nobility and Commons took the following Oath of Allegiance to his Majesty one for every one of the Estates pronouncing these words I Swear by this holy Gospel of God touching corporally with my hand That I receive for our King and lawful Soveraign the High and Mighty King DON JOHN the fourth our Soveraign and do homage unto him according to the use and custome of his Kingdoms This and the Ceremonies attendant ended his Majesty accompanied with all his Nobles returned to his Palace whether notwithstanding it was a very great rain all the Grandees went bare-headed where there was a most sumptuous Banquet prepared but his
Majesty gave himself wholly to consult of preparations for the Warre shewing thereby that Kings in their greatest felicity and delights should not forget affairs of State and taking care for the preservation of their Subjects But amongst debates of the War abroad there happened one of an affair near home concerning the placing or displacing Officers of State and because His Majesty knew that the charge of such Officers must needs be with the resentment of many and that there is nothing more alienates the minds of men than to see themselves undeservedly deprived of their honours he took away only the places of two to wit that of the Providitore of the Custom-house because he was Son-in-Law to Diego Soarez and Brother-in-Law to Vasconsellos the late deservedly-slain Secretary and that of the Count of Castanhie who was President of the Tribunal or Court of Conscience because he was too much interessed with His Catholick Majesty As for the Infanta Margarita di Mantoua late Vice-Queen and the Marquess Della Puebla Kinsman to Olivarez the Castle called Pasos de Angiobregas was assigned them with Fourteen thousand Crowns a year for maintenance An honorable Prison it was nor could they desire any thing but liberty which show'd a great Nobleness of mind in King JOHN but Princes alwayes do like Princes and much it demonstrates the Magnanimity of the mind to honour our Enemies though they be our Prisoners Nor must we here forget the Magnanimous and Couragious Carriage of the Dutchess of Mantoua late Vice-Queen during these confusions and distractions for King JOHN sending to ascertain her That she should want none of those Civilities that were suitable to a Princess of her high Birth Provided she would forbear all Discourse and Practises which might infuse into any an ill opinion of his present Government She returned Thanks to the Duke for she would not stile him King for his Complement but withal fell into a grave Exhortation to those Nobles that carried the Message telling them That they should lay aside all vain hopes and not cozen themselves but return to their old Allegiance according as they were obliged by Oath which if they did she doubted not to find them all pardon The rest of the Castillians of Authority were confined in the Castle and all the Souldiers took the Portuguese Pay either because they believed doing so to be most for their interest or else because being most of them linkt in Parentage with the Portuguesses they believed the Portugal interest to be their own Shortly after Lucia now Queen of Portugal Sister to the Duke of Medina Sidonia with her Son the Prince Theodosio arrived at Lisbonne who were received with all imaginable expressions of joy the Queen was soon after Solemnly Crowned and the Prince installed at whose Installation the Nobles and Grandees of the Realm took to him the following Oath WE acknowledge and receive for our true and natural Prince the high and excellent Prince D. Theodosio as Sonne Heir and Successor of our Soveraign Lord the King and as his true and natural Subjects we do him homage in the hands of the King and after the death of our true and natural King and Soveraign of these Kingdoms of Portugal and Algarve and beyond Sea in Affrica Lord of Guiana of the Conquests Navigation and commerce in Ethiopia Arabia Persia India c. we will obey his Commands and Decrees in all and through all both high and low we will make War and maintain Peace with all those that His Highness shall Command us And all this we swear to God upon the holy Cross and the holy Gospel These Ceremonies performed with all fitting Solemnity the King to show that the good of his Subjects was his only care called an Assembly of the Three Estates of the Kingdom who being Convened and the King seated in His Royal Throne Don Emanuel D'Acugna Bishop of Elvas made a Speech to them to the following purpose THat one of the first Laws of Nature was the uniting of men together from whence Cities and Kingdoms had their Original and by which they after defended themselves in War and maintained themselves in Peace That for that cause His Majesty had called this Assembly to Consult for the better service of God Defence in War and Government in Peace That there could be no Service of God without Union of Religion no Defence without Union amongst men no Regular Government without Union of Councils That His Majesty did expect to be informed by his loyal Subjects what was for the good of the State That they were to render thanks to the Almighty who had given them a King that would govern them by known Laws That His Majesty did not esteem those Tributes lawful that were paid with tears and therefore did from that present take off from His Subjects all Tributes that had been imposed by the Kings of Castille because His Majesty would not Reign over their Goods nor over their Heads nor over their Priviledges but over their Hearts hoping that they would find out a sweet expedient to defend their Countrey against their Potent enemy who threatned to make them all slaves and to destroy and to annihilate their Nation That they would therefore considering His Majesties Goodness and their own Honor manifest at once unto the world That as never Subjects had such a Gracious King so never King had such Loyal Subjects The Bishop having ended his Speech the most antient Officer of the Chamber of Lisbonne stood up and in the name of all the three Estates who stood up likewise returned humble thanks to His Majesty for this gracious bounty heartily professing That they did not only offer up their Goods but their Lives to His Majesties service earnestly intreating His Majesty to dispose both of the one and the other as he pleased And to manifest that their hearts and their mouths concorded in this free offer of themselves to His Majesty they presently Voted That Two Millions should be immediately raised by the Kingdom but His Majesty wisely and politickly declined the imposing of a Tax upon his Subject chusing rather to accept of their Benevolence which made every one strive who should offer most so instead of the Two Millions there was in short time brought into the Treasury Four Millions of Gold Nor was this Money intended by them nor employed to any other use than to maintain the Grandezza and Splendour of the King and Kingdom there being no need of Money for the payment of Souldiers every one offering to serve freely and at their own Charge against their Vow'd Enemies the Castillians But let us for some time leave the Assembly sitting and give an account how this Action was resented into the Spanish Court Most mens minds were struck with consternation but Olivarez came smiling to the King saying Sir I pray give me las Albricias to hansel the good news for now you are more absolute King of Portugal than ever for the People have forfeited
all his dependants friends and acquaintance not sparing so much as the Priests These Sir are the Rules that the Holy Scripture teacheth to be practised upon the Families and People that abhor the Dominion of their own Soveraigns It was Sir very fatal to stand expecting and hoping for better times and opportunities for the securing of Portugal In the Yeer One thousand six hundred and thirty nine observing the ill affection of that Nation my Advice was That without any delay that Kingdom was to be secured by Force of Arms others were of the same Judgments but Fate would have it that for fear of new troubles by delayes way should be made for Rebellion than which there could not have been a greater although that Form of Government which was expedient for the Spanish Monarchy and was alwayes held necessary for the preserving that Crown had been put in execution with the greatest violence imaginable But when a Jewel is gone the main enquiry should be By what means it may be found again not How it came to be lost The first means of recovering that Crown may be what your Majesties Grand-father made use of to buy your Rights of your own Subjects by Gifts and Promises wherein your Majesty is to be as Prodigal as the Portugals are insolent in expecting or demanding and indeed experience teacheth That that Nation is so addicted to their own Interest that more may be effected this way than by a powerful Army to him will they be subject who will give most or from whom most can be expected herein Prodigality will be good Husbandry for when Portugal shall be returned to the obedience of your Majesty all that Wealth which hath been bestowed amongst them will return likewise The second means is by course of Arms but this will be difficult at present by Reason of the several Engagements of this Monarchy elsewhere I suppose Sir That in case Portugal should be Conquered by Force all their Conquests in the East-Indies c. will remain in their hands for thither will they all flie and from thence will they be alwayes ready to assist our Enemies wherefore it would be very expedient for your Majesties service that a Truce were first made with the Hollanders upon condition that they make War upon the Portugal in the Indies and have whatever they can Conquer whence will arise this Commodity that they will want the Wealth of their Conquests your Majesty being disengaged with the Hollander will sooner Conquer them at home and the Hollander will only come to receive to day at the hand of your Majesty what to morrow the Portugal must deliver up to them At the same time the Hollanders and Flemings may scour the Coast of Portugal and the English may be invited to a more frequent Navigation in the East-Indies and China whereby the Portugal Trade may easily be ruined The third way is that the Pope be perswaded to thunder his Excommunications against the House of Braganza and against the whole Kingdom as Perjured and Perturbators of the publick Peace animating all Christian Princes to assist in the regaining that Kingdom upon pretence of advancing the Catholick Faith Moreover diffidencies and jealousies between the Duke of Braganza and other people may easily be fomented by means of Merchants Strangers and by Flemings and Burgundians under the name of French And to effect these diffidencies the better a Treaty may really be begun with the Duke which being discovered by the People though it be before the Duke could know thereof they will destroy him and all his Family and in such case the Civil dissentions will open a way for your Majesty to recover your Rights desperate evils must have desperate remedies the Kingdom of Portugal is the Cancer of the Spanish Monarchy therefore Ense recidendum ne pars symera trahatur Let not your Majesty defer the right Remedy the greatest Rigor is here the greatest Charity and to have no Charity is to have much Prudence to Bury this Hydra in its own ashes will be Triumph enough to live without this arm will be better than to have it employed against ones own head Let your Majesty never believe or hope better of that Nation than you have seen these Sixty years past never think to keep that Countrey if not planted with other People the detestation against your Majesties Government is hereditary The Interest of the King Sir is very ample and hath no bounds against Rebels every action is just and honourable that tends to the recovery of the Kings right Moreover a Truces is to be made with the Catalonians whereby they being freed from the tumultuous courses of War will have time to take notice of the French insolencies and growing weary of that Yoke will at length easily embrace the next opportunity to return to their obedience which once effected will make the People of Portugal waver betwixt hopes and fears and beget variety of opinions amongst them which for the Conquering of Kingdoms the Emperour Julian used to say was much more advantageous than the force of an Army as the Grand-father of your Majesty found in the Succession of Portugal To this may be added That it will be very expedient that your Majesty name Bishops to dispose of all Governments and Offices of the Crown to the most confiding Persons in that Kingdom for this will beget distrust amongst them all and the ignorant people not knowing whom to trust will put all into Confusion whereby your Majesties service will be more easily advanced This in obedience to your Majesties Commands I have imparted my weak advice wherein if I have erred your Majesties goodness will attribute it to my want of abilities not of affection God preserve the Catholick and Royal Person of your Majesty as the Christian World and we your Majesties Subjects have need But notwithstanding all these endeavors and these proposed Artifices nothing prevailed towards the King of Spain's recovery of this Kingdom nor was it probable that any of these Deceits ever should whil'st is considered the extraordinary love and affection which the whole Nation of the Portuguesses bore to the Family of their present King and the inveterate hatred which they did and always have born to the Castillians which was so exceeding great that it is believed they would rather have suffered themselves to be extirpated and routed out than again submit their Necks to the Spanish Yoke And that ever the Spaniard should again recover it per force is incredible if we either consider the Union and Unanimity of the Portugal Nation and their Resolutions to undergo the greatest miseries of War can inflict or the Interest of all the other Princes of Christendom who may justly suspect the encroaching greatness of the Spaniard and therefore endeavor rather to Lop off more Limbs from that great Body than suffer this to be rejoyned But it is now high time to return to a Review of the Actions of the Grand Assembly of the
a second Son to His Majesty but first Child after he came to the Crown which added to the Magnificence of his Christning he was named Alphonso and his Brother Theodosio dying before his Father succeeded in the Kingdom and is at present King of Portugal Many Skirmishes had passed between the Castillians and Portuguesses many town had been surprized many lands wasted but never happened a set-battel between them till in the year One thousand six hundred and forty four when both Armies met upon the Border of Portugal in a field called Campo Major The Spanish Army which for the most part consisted of strangers was under the Command of the Marquess of Forrecusa and the Portugal Army consisting of Natives and some few Hollanders were commanded by Macchias de Albuquerque This fight was maintained with all possible courage and resolution on both sides but the Spaniards being more numerous especially in horse at length put the whole Portuguese Army in Disorder seized on their whole Artillery and Baggage and slew Albuquerques Horse under him took many Prisoners and assured themselves of an absolute Victory But Fortune which had thus favourably smiled upon them in the beginning of the Day frowned as harshly upon them in the Conclusion for Albuquerque being re-mounted Rallied again his scattered Forces re-charged the pursuing Spaniards put them to a total Rout and pursued the Chase for above three Miles In this Battel the Castillians lost One thousand six hundred men upon the place amongst which were the Lieutenant General the General of the Horse the General of the Artillery the Count de Montixo five Camp-masters two Adjutants of Horse three Serjeant Majors three and twenty Cornets together with many Knights of the Order of St. James Calatrava and Alcantara there were taken about Four thousand Arms and a thousand Horse On the Portuguese side there were not above Three hundred slain among which were two Camp-masters one Serjeant Major a Captain of Horse and eight of Foot but many Noblemen Commanders and Officers taken Prisoners in the first encounter were carried away by the Spaniards in their flight It was not long after this Battel that the Marquess De Montalban D. George Mascaneras Lord Treasurer President of the Council of the Indies and Councellor of Estate with some others were imprisoned upon suspition of a Conspiracy against the King of Portugal but it being upon Examination found that the suspition was by the Spaniards cunningly raised to deprive King JOHN of his most able Ministers and to make the World believe the Portuguese Nobility were discontented with their King they were set at Liberty and their Honours fully repaired by a Proclamation of the Kings For the Spaniards ceased not by all means and devices which the Will and Policy of the most wicked States-men could invent not only to weaken the Portuguess Nation within it self by breeding discontents if possible between the King and the three Estates but likewise to undervalue them and make their credit be slighted and disregarded by other Kingdoms and States their Confederates and Allies Yet besides these subtile Ambages the King of Castille did not desist the endeavoring to oppress this Kingdom by force of Arms but not only the resolved and immutable unity of the Portuguess Nation was a strong Tower and invincible Fortress against the Spanish Power but so extreamly was the House of Austria involved in Wars and Disasters on every side that that vast Body was rather in a condition to crave help and assistance from others than indeed to oppress them For besides the Wars in Catalonia which had put itself under the protection of the most potent King of France in the Low-countreys which had proved so tedious and so chargeable a War to Spains in Italy in this Kingdom and in Germany there happened several Commotions and popular Tumults in some of the King of Spain's Dominions which not only robbed the King of a present supply of Treasure but were otherwise retardments to the prosecution of his Wars in other places The first of these Commotions began in the Island of Sicily where the people gathering together in a tumultuous manner forced the Vice-roy to take off all new Imposts and Taxes which the Kings present necessities had enforced him to lay upon them This encouraged their neighbours on the adjacent Continent the Inhabitants of the Famous City of Naples in hopes to rid themselves of their oppressions to rise in like manner in Arms which they did encouraged and commanded by one Thomas Aniello or vulgarly Masaniello who though of so mean and obscure a birth as a poor Fisher-boy yet to the wonder of the World for ten dayes Commanded this mighty City and freed it from all Gabels so that ever since these two Kingdoms of Naples and Sicily have rather been a great charge than any benefit to the Spanish Monarch These Troubles and the Austrian Families being every where encompassed and embroiled in Wars together with the earnest desire of the King of Castille to prosecute a vigorous War against Catalonia and Portugal were I suppose the motives which perswaded the Catholique King to end those Wars which had lasted in the low Countreys for above ninety years by owning now at last what he had so long refused the united Provinces free States so an obsolute peace was concluded on and proclaimed at all the chief towns in the Netherlands on the 5. of June One thousand six hundred and forty eight a Peace no less advantagious to the Spaniards than disadvantagious to the Portugals by reason of the pretences the Dutch had to Brazil and other places in the West-Indies King JOHN of Portugal about the beginning of the year One thousand six hundred and forty nine thought his Son the Prince Theodosio arrived at an age fitting to keep a Court of himself Lodgings were therefore appointed for him divided from the Royal Palace and Officers of his Houshold nominated and appointed by the King amongst whom the Earls of Villa nova of Miranda of Valdereis Fernando Telles de Monezez who had formerly been Governour of the City of Port were entrusted as the principal Gentlemen of his Chamber The King likewise thought fit to adde a third to the two former Superintendants of his Revenue whom he nominated to be D. Rey de Moure Tellez whose former Office of Steward to the Queen was at the same time conferred on D. Antonio de Silva Lord of Billas Notwithstanding the Truce the Hollanders still continued their outrages on the other side the Line but principally in Brazil where they seized upon many of the Portugal sorts impeded the Traffick abused and murthered the Subjects which made His Majesty resolve to call the Earl of Castle Melhor from his charge of being General of the Portugal Forces upon the Frontiers of Gallicia and committing that to the young Viscount de Villanova de Servera that the Earl might be imployed as Viceroy to Brazil to curb the Flemmings insolencies and to secure the
fifty and Years of CHRIST 1460 Ten years after dyed at Tomar having had by his Love-Mistress BEATRIX DE SOUSA daughter of Martin-Alphonso de Sousa and of Yoland Lopez de Tauora this his only Son viz. ALPHONSO OF PORTUGAL was Bishop of Evora and before he followed the Profession of a Church-man had also by a Lady called DE MACEDON others say DE MELO these two Sons following 13. FRANCIS OF PORTUGAL first Count of VIMIOSO mentioned in the next place MARTIN OF PORTUGAL Arch-bishop of Fonchal afterwards Bishop of Algarvie and Patriarch of the Indies King John III. sent him Ambassadour to Pope Clement VII who made him his Nuncio to the Kingdom of Portugal He had two Bastard-Children by KATHERINE DE SOUSA a Bastard-daughter of Roderick de Sousa viz. 14. ELISHA OF PORTUGAL was of the Privy-Chamber to the Popes Pius IV. and Gregory XIII 14. MARY OF PORTUGAL second Wife to JAMES DE CASTRO 13. FRANCIS OF PORTUGAL first of the name Count of VIMIOSO and Lord of Aguiar THE King of Portugal Emanuel honoured him with the Dignity of Count of VIMIOSO and furthermore instituted him Super-intendant of his Affairs as did likewise King John III. afterward the Prince Portugal his Son made him his High Chamberlain He espoused for his first Wife BEATRIX DE VILLENA daughter of Roderick Tellez de Meneses Lord of Ugnon Steward of the Houshold to the Empress Isabel of Portugal Wife to the Emperor Charls V. His second Wife was JANE DE VILLENA daughter of Alvaro of Portugal of the House of Tentugal and of Philippa de Melo Countess of Olivenza A Daughter of FRANCIS OF PORTUGAL Count of Vimioso by his former Wife GUIOMAR DE VILLENA espoused to FRANCIS DE GAMA second Count of VEDIGUERA and Admiral of the Indies Children of FRANCIS OF PORTUGAL Count of Vimioso by his later Wife ALPHONSO OF PORTUGAL Count of VIMIOSO continued the Posterity MANUEL OF PORTUGAL had also Children as you shall see after we have deduced the Branch of his elder Brother JOHN OF PORTUGAL Bishop of Guarda 14. ALPHONSO OF PORTUGAL first of the name Count of VIMIOSO HE was eldest Son of Francis of Portugal first Earl of Vimioso by Jane de Villena his 2d Wife and was as his father before him Super-intendant of the Affairs of the Kings of Portugal John III. and Sebastian with whom he undertook the Expedition of Affrick The History notes thus much of him That having been this Kings Chamberlain and having Command in his first Voyage he deported himself so ill that those which emulated his Greatness took occasion to exclude him the Kings Favour He behaved himself no better in the second Expedition For being ambitious and desirous to regain that Reputation with the King which he had lost he seconded his will notwithstanding he knew it to be rash and prejudicial For the Army being landed in Affrick he perswaded them to make their passage by Land instead of that by Sea void of danger which he did principally out of complacency with the King whom he observed to be grounded in this opinion notwithstanding urged and disswaded by many more substantial reasons from several others So that he dyed with his Prince at the unfortunate Battel of Alcacer He was conjoyned by Marriage with LUCIA DE GUZMAN daughter of Francis de Guzman Great Steward of the Houshold to the Infanta Mary of Portugal youngest daughter of King Emanuel Children of ALPHONSO OF PORTUGAL first of the name Count of Vimioso FRANCIS OF PORTUGAL second of the name Count of VIMIOSO whose Story followeth in the next place JOHN OF PORTUGAL a Monk of the Order of St. Dominick a Learned man was of the Council general of the Inquisition LEWIS OF PORTUGAL succeeded his eldest Brother in the County of VIMIOSO ALVARO OF PORTUGAL dyed in Sicilie NUGNO-ALVAREZ OF PORTUGAL was President of the Chamber of Lisbonne and had been One of the Three Governours of Portugal By his Wife and Cosin JANE OF PORTUGAL daughter of Manuel of Portugal and of Margaret de Mendoza his second Wife he had besides some Children that dyed young Four Sons and Two Daughters 16. LEWIS OF PORTUGAL 16. JOHN ALPHONSO ANTHONY 16. MARY and MARGARET CONSTANCE DE GUZMAN Abbess of the Monastery of our Lady at Lisbonne BEATRIX DE GUZMAN also Abbess of the same place PHILIPPA DE GUZMAN Prioress of the Monastery of the Holy Sacrament at Lisbonne MENCIA and JANE also Nuns in the Monasteries of d'Esperanza at Lisbonne and of St. Catherine at Evora 15. FRANCIS OF PORTUGAL second of the name Count of VIMIOSO and Constable of Portugal THis Count accompanied King Sebastian of Portugal to the Battel of Years of CHRIST 1578 Alcacer and was there made a Prisoner but afterwards finding means to recover his Liberty and being upon his return into Portugal he there followed the Fortune of Prince Anthony who being declared King honored Years of CHRIST 1580 him with the Dignity of Constable of Portugal He followed this Prince in his Voyage for France Afterwards being at the Naval fight in Ao One thousand five hundred Years of CHRIST 1582 fourscore and two near unto the Azores betwixt the French Army Commanded by the Collonel Philip Strozzi and the Spanish Conducted by the Marquess of St. Croix Lieutenant General to the King of Spain Philip II. This Count of Vimioso was so grievously hurt that he lived but two dayes after the Fight The Marquess for all he was his Enemy did much lament and deplore his Fortune as being his Kinsman His end was more honorable than that of any of the other Lords that had followed Anthony He was young adorned with good parts both of body and mind and was one that joyned Learning to the Military profession 15. LEWIS OF PORTUGAL Count of VIMIOSO HIs eldest Brother the Count Francis II. not having been married and leaving no Children this Count succeeded him and espoused JANE DE MENDOZA daughter of Ferdinand de Castro first Count of Basto by the Countess Philippa de Mendoza his Wife This Count and Countess being touched with a singular Piety took a holy resolution to forsake the World and with mutual consent took upon them the Habit of Religious He entred himself into the Order of St. Dominick and the Countess JANE his Wife Cloystered her self in the Monastery of the Holy Sacrament at Lisbonne with the Barefoot Sisters an Abbey which she and her Husband had founded Children of LEWIS OF PORTVGAL Count of Vimioso ALPHONSO OF PORTUGAL second of the name Count of VIMIOSO continued the Posterity MICHAEL OF PORTUGAL Bishop of Lamego Archbishop of Lisbonne Ambassadour from the King of Portugal John IV. to Pope Urban VIII Anno 1641. He departed this world in the Year 1644. FERDINAND OF PORTUGAL was a Souldier in Flanders where he dyed LUCIA DE GUZMAN PHILIPPA DE CASTRO a Nun with her Mother in the Abbey of the Holy Sacrament at Lisbon 16. ALPHONSO OF PORTVGAL second of the name Count of VIMIOSO HE was
all their Priviledges by this Rebellion besides the Estate of the Duke of Braganza with all his Complices are yours by right of Confiscation so that you have enough to distribute among your Loyal Subjects by way of reward But however Olivarez seemed thus to dissemble his passion it was believed that this news struck deeper into him than any The King of Spain upon the first news of the Proclamation of King JOHN sent a Letter to him to this purpose COusin and Duke Some odd news are brought me lately which I esteem but folly considering the proof I have had of the fidelity of your House give me advertisement accordingly because I ought to expect it from you and hazard not the esteem I make of your self to the fury of a mutinous Rabble but let your Wisdom comport you so that your Person may escape the danger my Council will advise you farther so God guard you Your Cousin and King To this Letter His Majesty of Portugal returned answer MY Cousin My Kingdom desiring its Natural King and my Subjects being oppressed with Taxes and new Impositions have executed without opposition that which they had often designed by giving me possession of a Kingdom which appertains to me wherefore if any will go about to take it from me I will seek Justice in my Arms God preserve your Majesty DON JOHN IV. King of Portugal Thus was this Kingdom utterly lost to the Spanish Monarchy and not only it but with it all that they enjoyed by that Kingdom in the East-Indies the Tercera Islands and other Islands in the Atlantick Sea the Kingdom of Algarve Brasil together with all they had in Affrica except the Town of Cexta which was the whole remained to the Spanish Nation of all those great Dominions But that all men might know the greatness of their loss and what the Crown of Portugal enjoys abroad take here a brief narration First Those Islands of the Tercera Madera and St. Michael so long time possessed by the Portugal Nation which though inconsiderable to their other Dominions yet deserve to be mentioned next those many strong places of which they have made themselves Masters in Affrica as in Guiana in the Kingdoms of Congo and Angola the great Island of St. Laurence of Soffola and Mozambique on the Continent thence passing the Month of the Red-Sea they have setled a Trade with Socatra and Calaite thence passing the Bay of Persia to the Mouth of the River Indus they subdued Calecut Coetium c. the Island of Goa Ciaul Daman c. thence toward the River Ganges they possessed Ceilam Malacca Sumatra Solon Larantuca c. Thence farther they were entred into the Kingdom of Pegu into Java-major and Minor into the Kingdom of Câ—ina where they fortified Macoa In sum the Kingdoms Provinces Islands and Cities that the Portugal Nation had Conquered and were possessed of abroad may in some measure be compared to the Antient Roman Empire nor was their Valour much inferior to the Romans if we consider the War they made with the King of Cambaia who for Puissance and Military Courage or numbers of Men of War did exceed Xerxes Darius or Pyrrhus the Battels they had with Ismalucco and Idaliam in the Kingdom of Decam both equal to mighty Kings and their Armies consisting of the best Warriors of the East the War they have waged with the Moors of Malacca Sumatra and Molucco as also with the Kings of Bengala Peug and Siam c. with many other formidable powers Many of those places most certain it is were lost while the Catholique King had possession of Portugal but with it he likewise lost and King JOHN IV. had possession of above Fifty Towns and Forts accounted impregnable such were Mozambique Cuama Monomotasca Mombaza Masiala Dui Damam Bazaine Chiaul Onor Barcelor Mangalor Cananor Cranganor Cochim Conlan Negapatan Meliapor the Isle of Ceilam the Kingdom of Jafanapalan the Cities of Manac and Nombrede Jesu then more Northward Azarim Danue Agazim Maim Trapor and many other places in all which were maintained Governours and Souldiers and a Vice-Roy residing at Goa with Courts of Justice c. Hither many Kings of the East used to send Ambassadors to maintain Amity with the King of Portugal and to bring Tribute to him Thus the Portugal Trade in the East extendeth it self no less than Four thousand Leagues by which Trade all the Garisons are maintained and all the Ships whereof they are oftentimes Two or three Fleets and much Wealth sent home every Year besides those aforementioned the Crown of Portugal has several Towns on the Coast of Affrica so strongly fortified That the Moors of the Countrey could never yet recover them such as Tangier c. In America they possess the famous Countrey of Brazile which stretcheth it self One thousand four hundred Leagues upon the Sea-Coast containing Fourteen Governments and many principal Cities St. Salvador Pernambuco c. Thus great a loss did the Spanish Monarchy suffer by the Revolt of Portugal which the Catholick King Philip the Fourth was very solicitous to recover and to that end and purpose did not only consult with the greatest States-men at home but likewise with those abroad from one of whom he to that effect received the ensuing Letter BY the Letter which your Majesty was pleased to write to me on the 6th of March past I am commanded to deliver my Advice touching the best Expedient for the Recovery of Portugal Sir the Clemency used by King Philip the Second your Majesties Grandfather towards the Kingdom of Portugal was a fatal presage of the present Calamities and future Destruction not only of Spain but the whole Spanish Monarchy because that Kingdom was only in name but never really Conquered remaining Rich and abundant with the same if not greater Priviledges than before the Grandees and Nobles at Home the People not at all Crushed and which is more than all the Government in the hands of Natives and all his Majesties other Subjects excluded from all places of Power Honour or Profit Sir The Holy Scripture which is the Mirrour and Rule of our Actions teacheth That when Salmanazar conquered the Kingdom of Israel he did carry away not only the Royal Family but transported all the Nobility and People into divers Provinces of his Kingdoms and into the new Conquests sent new Inhabitants yet the Israelites were never such inveterate Enemies to the Assyrians as the Portugals with devilish madness have shewed themselves against the Interest and Conveniencies of this Monarchy Moreover in the same Scripture it is read That Nebuchadonosor having Conquered Jerusalem transplanted all that he found in that Kingdom leaving only a few miserable inconsiderable people to remain there So Athalia Queen of Judah saw no other way to preserve a Kingdom newly Conquered but by extinguishing all the Generation upon whom the Jews could cast their eyes in hopes of Revolt And Jehu King elected by God extinguished all the Family of Ahab together with
Portuguess Merchants Ships from their Pyracies the King appointed a Fleet of forty Ships of War and six thousand Men to attend that service as Convoys His Holiness the Popes anger as yet continued towards the Kingdom of Portugal for he had not only hitherto refused to receive Ambassadors from thence but to supply those Archbishopricks Bishopricks and other Ecclesiastical Offices of the Kingdom which by the death of the former possessors were vacant this the King found a great inconveniency in and therefore thought fit once more to attempt his Holiness and to present him the names of such of his own Subjects whose piety learning or other sufficiencies he thought might make them capable of such dignities As first for the Archbishoprick of Braga formerly acknowledged to be the primacy of all Spain notwithstanding the pretensions of Toledo he nominated Don Pedro de Lancastro President of the Justice of the Palace of the House of Ameiro and descended from JOHN the second King of Portugal For the Archbishoprick of Evora His Majesty nominated D. Francisco Barrez Bishop of the Algarez Bishoprick he bestowed upon the Father Dennis Des Anges an Augustine Monk and Confessor to His Majesty for the Bishoprick of Guarda was appointed D. Antonio Pobo great Prior of the Military Order of St. James for the Bishoprick of Lamego D. Antonio de Mendosa Commissary of the Bula de la Croisaida for the Bishoprick of Lerida D. Deigo de Souza Inquisitor of the holy Office for that of Conimbra Don Sebastian Casar de Menerez who was before nominated for the Bishoprick of Porto but that was given by his Majesty to D. Pedro de Menerez once named Bishop of Miranda of which last place D. Pedro de Porros Tutor of the Prince D. Theodosio was now named Bishop These choices of his Majesty the Pope after some time Confirmed D. Francisco de Souza who was sent as extraordinary Ambassador notwithstanding the opposition of the Spaniards received not unlikely out of a fear that they would Officiate without his Confirmation and so in a manner Renounce the Power of the See of Rome But in the middest of this setling of Ecclesiastical affairs Arms were not silent for upon the Borders there hapned a Skirmish between the Castillians and Portuguese about the latter end of April One thousand six hundred forty and nine Lord of Themer Court Lieutenant General of the Portuguese Horse and Monsieur Du Quesne the Commissary General gained a Victory over a small Army of the Spaniards defeating Seven hundred of the Spaniards and taking divers Prisoners amongst whom was the Nephew of the Marquess of Melinguen Lieutenant General of the Castillian Army at Badajox who was after exchanged for the Count Fiesque Lauagna who for some years past had been Prisoner in Castille in this Conflict the Portuguese lost but Twenty five men the Chief of which was Sieur de la Touche a French Captain who had behaved himself most Valorously The Commotions of the Perisians against the King of France had given the Spaniard great hopes of better success than they had many years had but the middle of the Year One thousand six hundred and forty nine happily concluding them the news of their Pacification and that of a great Victory gained by the Portuguesses against the Hollanders in Brazile caused a general joy over all Portugal for the King appointed Publick Thanks to be given and Te Deum to be Sung in all Churches Hopes to revenge the late defeat given by the Lord Therimicourt and desire to do some Valiant Act before he departed from his Government made the Marquess of Leganez Governour of the Spanish Forces at Estramadura give an Alarum to the Portuguese Frontiers and enter into the Countrey with Two thousand Horse and Six thousand Foot but the Valiant Count of St. Laurence assaulting him forced him to retire with shame and excuse himself that he marched out only to meet the Marquess of Mortare who was appointed to succeed him in the Government Yet this small and worthless Alarum made the King of Portugal who knew that too much care could not be had of the Safety of his Kingdom to send Orders to the Governors to look more exactly to the Countreys committed to their Charges than formerly and strictly to give Charge to Don Juan de Menezez Governor of Porto The Viscount Ponte de Lima Governor of the Countreys between Douro and Mimbo to the Count of Arogna Governor of Trasmontes and Don Roderigo de Castro Governor of Beira to repair with all expedition to their several Commands Nor was his Majesty less careful of his Dominions abroad than of those near home which made him dispatch the Baron of Alviro to be Governor of Tanger and D. Francisco de Norogna to Mazagan both strong Forts in Affrica the last of which had been neer surprized by the Moors of Barbary but the Commander of that Party which assaulted it being slain by a Valorous French-man they were beaten off with loss for which service the King bestowed upon the French-man a Pension of Six hundred Crowns per annum And whil'st His Majesty was distributing his Bounties he could not forget the Lady Dona Maria Manuel Widow to the some-time before deceased D. Antonio Coello D. Caravallio who had ever since His Majesties coming to the Crown been one of His Privy-Councellors and was one of the Chief Persons that went Ambassadors into France to renew the Alliance and conclude a firm League between the King of Portugal and Lewis the Thirteenth King of France His Majesty therefore in consideration of his services bestowed a valuable Pension on his aforesaid Widow There was almost daily in-roads made upon the Frontiers in some places or other amongst the rest the Baron of Themericourt entred with a strong Party into the Spanish Territories surprised the Suburbs of the City of Albuquerque and brought away a very rich Booty without the loss of so much as one Souldier upon the place and not above Twenty wounded The succour of the distressed Subjects of the more distressed King of England about the Year One thousand six hundred and fifty gave occasion to the King of Portugal to manifest his affection to the English Nation which he did by giving assistance to the Gallant Prince Rupert who being by His Majesty of England made Admiral of those few Ships which in the Year One thousand six hundred and forty eight returned to their Allegiance had ever since been pursued by the more Potent Fleets of the English Rebels and was now by them driven to seek the protection of his Portugal Majesty who notwithstanding that the Fleet of the Rebels with threatning Bravado's demanded the said Kings leave either to assault them in his Port or to force them to come out bravely protected them under his Castles In Revenge of which the Rebels of England who stiled themselves a Parliament Proclaimed an open War with the Portugal Nation which his Majesty notwithstanding his