alienated from Richard the third to speake his minde frankely vnto him in matters of State the Bishoppe aunswered him In good faith my Lord I love not much to talke with Princes as a thing not all out of perill although the words be without fault Forasmuch as it shall not be taken as the partie meant it but as it pleaseth the Prince to construe it And ever I thinke on Aesopes tale that when the Lien had proclaimed that on paine of death there should no horned beast abide in that wood one that had in his forehead a bounch of flesh fledde away a great pase The Foxe that sawe him ruune so fast asked him whither he made all that haste hee answered In faith I neither wote nor recke so I were once hence because of this proclamation made of horned beasts What foâ—le quoth the Foxe thou mayest well enough abide the Lion meant not by thee for it is no horne that is vppon thy head No Mary quoth hee that wote I well enough but what and hee call it an horne where am I then Tho Moore Sir Thomas Rokesby being controlde for suffering himselfe to be served in treene Cuppes answered These homelie cuppes and dishes pay truly for that they containe I had rather drinke out of treene and pay golde and silver than drinke out of golde and silver and make woodden payment VVHen Richard the third was slain at Bosworth and with him Iohn Howard Duke of Norffolke King Henry the seaventh demaunded of Thomas Howard Earle of Surrey the Dukes sonne and heire then taken prisoner how he dâ—rst beare Armes in the behalfe of that tyranne Richard He answered He was my crowned King and if the Parliamentary authority of England sette the Crowne vppon a stocke I will fight for that stocke And as I fought then for him I wiâ— fight for you when you are established by the said authoritie And so hee did for his sonne King Henry the eight at Flodden field Anonymus When Margaret the widdow of Charles the Hardie Duke of Bargundie and sister to king Edward the fourth envying much the happy estate and raigne of Henry the seaventh descended of the adverse family of Lancaster had at sundry times suborned two rascalles to counterfeit the persons of her two brothers sonnes thereby to withdrawe the hearts of his subiects and raise vproares in his realme the king sent over vnto Philippe the Duke of Burgundie doctour Warrham afterward Archbishop of Canterbury to informe him of her treachery This Doctour in the latter â—â—d of his Oration thus nipped the seditious Dutchesse That within few yeeres after shee was past threescore yeeres of age she had brought foorth two monsters Lambert and Peter and not in the nine and tenth moneths as women naturally doe but in the hundred and fourescore moneth for they were both about fifteene yeeres of age when shee brought them abroade as it were out of her belly neither were they Crisomers but such childe-choppers that as soone as ever they were borne they were able to wage warre with a mighty King Th More The earle of Kildare being charged before king Henry the seaventh for burning the Metropolitane Church of Cassilles in Ireland and many witnesses procured to avouch the trueth of the Article against him hee sodainely confessed it to the great wondring and detestation of the Counsell Then it was looked how he should iustifie that fact By Iesus quoth hee I would never have done it if it had not beene tolde me that the Archbishop had beene within it And because the Bishop was one of the busiest accusers present merrily laughed the king at the plainnesse of the man to see him alledge that intent for excuse which most of all did aggravate his fault When among many articles the last article exhibited by the Irish against that Earle of Kildare the last was Finally All Ireland cannot rule this Earle Then quoth the King shall this Earle rule all Ireland and shortly after hee made him Deputie thereof When one reprooved King Henry the seaventh for his slownesse in making warres on those that wronged him he answered If we Princes should take every occasion that is offered vs the worlde should never be quiet but wearied with continuall warres When a Gentleman none of the wisest tolde King Henry the seaventh that hee found sir Richard Grâ—ftes who was made Banneret at the battell of Stoke to be a very wise man The King answered Hee doubted not that but marvelled much how a foole could knowe a wiseman It hâ—ppened that there was fallen in communication the story of Ioseph how his maister Putiphars wife a great mâ—n with the King of Aegipt would have pulled him to â—eâ—bâ—d â—nâ— he fled away Now Maister Mâ—â—o hee was the King Almoner quoth king Henry the seaventh You be a tall strong man on the one side and a cunning Doctor on the other side what would you have done if you had not beene Ioseph but in Iosephs steade By my troth fir quoth he and it like your Grace I cannot tell what I would have done but I can tell you what I should have done Tho Moore The Lady Margaret Countesse of Richmond mother to king Henry the seaventh a most worthy Patronesse of good Letters would often say On the condition that Princes of Christendome would combine themselves and march against the common enemy the Turke shee would most wilâ—ingly attend them and be their Laundresse in the campe There was a poore blind man in Warwick-shire that was accounted verie cunning in prognosticating of weather vpon a day Empson a great lawier as hee road that way sayd in scorne of his cunning I pray you tell me father when doth the Sunne change The chafed old man that knew his corrupt conscience answered when such a wicked Lawier as you goeth to heauen Doctor Collet the Deane of Paules said that if the Clergie were naught the Laitie were worse for it could not otherwise be but the laye men must ever be one degree vnder the Clergie for surely it can be no 〈◊〉 that our Sauiour sayth himselfe who sayth of the Cleargie that they be the salt of the earth and if the salt once appall the world must needes waxe vnsauerie and he sayeth that the Clergie bee the light of the world and then sayeth he if the light bee darkened how darke will then the darkenesse be that is to wit all the world beside whereof he calleth the Clergie onely the light Cardinall Wolsey his teeth watering at the rich Bishopricke of Winchester sent one vnto Bishop Foxe who had advaunced him vnto the kings service for to move him to resigne the Bishopricke because extreame age had made him blind the which message and motion Foxe did take in so ill part that he willed the messenger to tell the Cardinall thus from him that although olde age bereaving me of sight I know not white from blacke yet I can discerne truth from falshoode and right from wrong yea and that now I
and was but Herrâ—â— reversed Aventinus turneth it Treasure of the kingdome See Aubry ROBERT Germ. Famous in Councell for it is written most anciently Rodbert Rod Red and Rod do signifie councell See Conrad and Albert This name was given to Rollo first Duke of Normandy an originall Ancestour of the Kings of England who was called first by the Normans and French Rou wherevnto some without ground thinke that Bert was added so that it should signifie Rou the renowmed Others vntruly turne it Red-â—eard as thogh it were al one with Aenobarbus of the Latines or Barbarossa of the Italians Iohn Bodin or Pudding that I may give him his true English name maketh it full wisely Red-bara but I thinke no Robert which knoweth what Bardus meaneth will like of it ROGER Ger. Ruger Quiet the same with Tranquilles in Latine Frodoard writeth it alwaies Rottgarius or Rodgarus so it seemeth to signifie All councell or strong councell ROLLAND Ger. Whereas it was anciently written Rod land it may seem to signifie Councell for the Land And the first that I finde so named was land-wardeÌ„ in France vnder Carolus Magnâ—s against the Piracies of the Normans The Italians vse Orland for Rowland by Metathesis ROMANE Lat. Strong from the Greeke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 answerable to Valens RVBEN Heb. The sonne of visions or a quick-seeing sonne Philo. REINFRED Sax. Pure peace S SALOMON hebr Peaceabiâ— SAMPSON hebr There the second 〈◊〉 SAMVâ—L hebr Place of God SAVLE Hebr Lent of the Lord or â—â— some will Fox Sâ—â—ASTIAN gre Honorable or 〈◊〉 as Augustus or Augustinus among the Romans SIGâ—SMVND germ Victoâ—â—â—â— peace 〈◊〉 victory with peace That Sig signifieth Victorie Aâ—frie Dasâ—podius and Luther do all agree yet Hadr 〈◊〉 turneth it Victorious or prevailing speech So Sigward now Seward victorious preserver Sighâ—m victorious defence Sighere Conqueror of an army or victorious Lord and Sigbert now Sebright victorious fame or fame by victory SILVESTER Iat Woodman SYLVANVS Lat Woodman or rather Wood-god See Walter SIMON Hebr Obedientlistening Philâ— STEPHEN gre A Crowne SVVITHIN Sax From the olde English Switheaâ—n that is Very high as Ceâ—â—â—s or Exâ—periuâ— with the Romans This name hath bin taken vp in honour of Saint Swithin the holie Bishop of Wâ—nchester about the yâ—â—re 860. and called the Weeping saint 〈◊〉 for that about his feast Praesepe and Aselli 〈◊〉 constellanons do 〈◊〉 Cosmicâ—â—y and commonly cause raine T THEOBALD â—â—mmonly Tibald and Thibald Gods power as B Rhenanius noteth But certaine it is that in our Saxon Psalter Gentes is alwayes translated by Theod and in the English-Saxon old Annales the English nation is often called Englâ—-thâ—â—d The same Lipsâ—â—â— in Poliâ—â—ceticis affirmeth to be in the auntient German Psalters So that Theobald seemeth in his opinion to signifie Powerfull or bolde over people It was the common name in the familie of the Gorges and of the Lord Verdons of whom the Earles of Shrâ—wsburie and Essex are descended THEODORE gre Gods gift now corruptly by the Welsh-Britans called Tydder THEODOSIVS gre the same with Theodore THEODERIC ger contractly Deric and Torry with the French Powerable or Rich in people according to Lipsius THEOPHILVS gre A lover of God THOMAS hebr Bottomles deepe or Twinne TIMOTHY gre from Timotheus Honouâ—ing God TOBIAS hebr The Lord is good TRISTRAM I knowe not whether the first of this name was christned by king Arthurs fablâ—r If it be the same which the French â—all Tristâ—â— it commeth from sorrow for P. Aemiâ—ius noteth that the sonne of Saint Lewes of Francâ— horne in the heavie sorrowfull time of his fathers imprisonment vnder the Saracens was named Tristan in the same respect TVRSTAN Sax for Trustan most true and trustie as it seemeth V VALENS Lat Puissant VALENTINE Lat The same VCHTRED ger High counsell vsed in the old family of Raby From whence the Nevilles VINCENT Lat Victorious VITAL Lat Hee that may live a long life like to Macrobius or Lively the same that Zosimus in Greeke VIVIAN Lat the same VRBANVS Lat Curteous civill VRIAN The same with George as I have heard of some learned Danes It hath beene a common name in the family of Saint Pier of Chesshire now extinguished W VVALTER ger from Waldher for so it is most auntiently written a Pilgrime according to Reneccius other make it a Wod-Lorde or a Wood-man aunswerable to the name of Silvius Silvanus or Sylvester The old English called a wood Wald and an hermite living in the woods a Waldbroâ—der But if I may cast in my conceit I take it to be Herwald inverted as Herric and Richer Winbald and Baldwin And so it signifieth Governour or Generall of an Armâ—e as Hegesistratus See Herman and Harold WALVVIN Some have interpreted out of the German tongue a Conquerour as Nicholaus and Nicodemus Victor in Latine but wee now vse Gawen insteede of Walwyn Architrenius maketh it Walganus in Latine But if Walwin was a Britan and king Arthurs nephew as W Malmesbury noteth where hee speaketh of his giant-like bones found in Wales I referre the signification to the Britans WARIN Iovianus libr. 1. de Aspiratione draweth it from â—â—rro But whereas it is written in all Records Guarinus It may seeme mollified from the Dutch Gerwm that is All-victorious See Gertrud WILLIAM ge For sweeter sound drawne from Wilhelm which is interpreted by Luther Much Defence or Defence to many as Wilwald Ruling many Wildred Much reverent feare or Awfull Wilfred Much peace Willibert Much brightnesse or Very bright Willibrod Much increase So the French that cannot pronounce W have turnd it into Philli as Phillibert for Willibert Much brightnes Many names wherein wee have Will seeme translated from the Greeke names composed of 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 as Polydamas Polybius Polyxenus c. Helm yet remaineth with vs and Villi Willi and Bills yet with the Germans for Many Other turne William a Willing Defender and so it answereth the Roman Titus if it come from Tuendo as some will have it The Italians that liked the name but could not pronounce the W if wee may beleeve Gesner turned it into Galeazo retaining the sence in part for Helme But the Italians report that Galeazo the first Viscount of Millâ—â—â—â— was so called for that many Cockes crew lustily at his birth This name hath beene most common in England since king William the Conqueror insomuch that vppon a festivall day in the Court of king Henry the second when Sir William Saint-Iohn and Sir William Fitz-Hamon especiall Officers had commaunded that none but of the name of William should dâ—â—e in the great Chamber with them they were accompanied with an hundred and twentie Williams all Knights as Robert Moutensis recordeth Anno 1173. WILLFRED Sax Much peace WIMVND Sax Sacred peace or holy peace as Wibert Holy and Bright for Wi in Willeramus is translated Sacer. WISCHARD or GVIâ—CARD Norm Wilie and crafty shifter W Gemiticensis Falcandus the Italian interpreteth it
Pace had a sonne at his circumcision named Haly hee would be called Aven Pace concealing Haly but his sonne howsoever hee were named would be called Aven-Haly c. So Surnames passing from father to sonne and coÌ„tinuing to their issue was not antiently in vse among any people in the world Yet to these single Names were adioyned oftentimes other names as Cognomina or Sobriquetts as the French call them and By-names or Nicke-names as we terme them if that word be indifferent to good and bad which still did die with the bearer and never descended to posteritie That we may not exemplifie in other nations which would afforde great plenty but in our own King Eadgar was called the Peaceable king Ethelred the Vnreadie king Edmund for his Valour Iron-side king Harold the Hare-foote Eadric the Streona that is the Getter or Streiner Siward the Degera that is the Valiant King William the first Bastard king William the second Rouse that is the Red king Henry the first Beauclarke that is Fine Scholler so in the house of Aniou which obtained the Crowne of England Geffrey the first Earle of Aniou was surnamed Grisogonel that is Grey-cloake Fulco his sonne Nerra his grand-childe Rechiâ— for his extortion Againe his grand-childe Plantagenet for that he ware commonly a broome-stalke in his bonnet His sonne Henry the second king of England Fitz-Empresse because his mother was Empresse his sonne king Richard had for surname Corde-Lion for his lion-like courage as Iohn was called Sans-terre that is Without land So that wheras these names were never taken vp by the sonne I knowe not why any should thinke Plantagenet to be the surname of the royall house of England albeit in late yeeres many have so accounted it Neither is it lesse strange why so many should thinke Theodore or Tydur as they contract it to be the surname of the Princes of this Realme since king Henry the seaventh For albeit Owen ap Merâ—dith Tydur which married Katharine the daughter of Charles the sixth king of France was grandfather to king Henry the seventh yet that Tydur or Theodore was but the Christian name of Owens grandfather For Owens father was Meredith ap Tydur Ap Grone Ap Tydur who all without Surnames iterated Christian names after the olde manner of the Britaines and other nations heeretofore noted and so lineally deduced his pedegree from Cadwallader king of the Britans as was found by Commission directed to Griffin ap Lewellin Gitteu Owen Iohn King and other learned men both English and Welsh in the seaventh yeare of the said king Henry the seventh Likewise in the line Royall of Scotland Milcolme or Malcolme was surnamed Canmore that is Great head and his brother Donald Ban that is White Alexander the first the Prowde Malcolme the fourth the Virgine William his brother the Lion As amongest the Princes of Wales Brochvail Schitrauc that is Gaggtothed Gurind Barmbtruch that is Spade-bearded Elidir Coscorvaur that is Heliodor the Great house-keeper and so in Ireland Murough Duff that is Blacke 〈◊〉 Roo that is Red Nemoliah that is full of wounds Patric Ban that is White Gavelcâ— that is Fetters To seeke therefore the auntient Surnames of the royall and most antient families of Europe is to seeke that which never was And therefore greatly are they deceived which thinke Valoys to have beene the surname of the late French kings or Borbon of this present king or Habsburg or Austriac of the Spanish king or Steward of the late kings of Scotland and now of BRITAINE or Oldenburg of the Danish For as all know that have but sipped of Histories Valoys was but the Apponage and Earledome of Charles yonger sonne to Philip the second from whome the late kings descended so Borbon was the inheritance of Robert a yonger sonne to saint Lewes of whom this king is descended Habsburg and Austria were but the olde possessions of the Emperors and Spanish Kings progenitours Steward was but the name of office to Walter who was high Steward of Scotland the progenitour of Robert first King of Scots of that family and of the King our Soveraigne And Oldenburg was but the Erledome of Christian the first Danish king of this family elected about 1448. But yet Plâ—â—tagenet Steward Valois Borbon Habsburg c. by prescription of time have prevailed so farre as they are now accounted surnames But for surnames of Princes well said the learned Marcus Salon de Pace Reges cognomiue now vtâ—ntur qâ—â—ia vt Regum familiae agnationes memoriae conserventur 〈◊〉 cognomina non sunt necessaria prout in alijs inferioribus quorum ipsa cognomina agnationum ac familiarum memoriâ—â— tutantur About the yeare of our Lord 1000. that we may not minute out the time surnames beganne to be taken vp in France and in England about the time of the Conquest or else a very little before vnder King Edward the Confessor who was all Frenchified And to this time doe the Scottishmen referre the antiquitie of their surnames although Buchanan supposeth that they were not in vse in Scotland many yeares after But in England certaine it is that as the better sort even from the Conquest by little and little tooke surnames so they were not setled among the common people fully vntill about the time of King Edward the second but still varied according to the fathers name as Richardson if his father were Richard Hodgeson if his father were Roger or in some other respect and from thenceforth beganne to be established some say by statute in their posteritie This will seeme strange to some Englishmen and Scotishmen which like the Arcadians thinke their surnames as ancient as the Moone or at the least to reach many an age beyond the Conquest But they which thinke it most strange I speake vnder correction I doubt they will hardly finde any surname which descended to posteritie before that time Neyther have they seene I feare any deede or donation before the Conquest but subsigned with crosses and single names without surnames in this manner in England Ego Eadredus confirmavi ✚ Ego Edmundus corroboravi ✚ Ego Sigarius conclusi ✚ Ego Olfstanus consolidavi c. Likewise for Scotland in an old booke of Duresme in the Charter whereby Edgare sonne of King Malcolme gave lands neere Coldingham to that Church in the yeare 1097. the Scottish Noblemen witnesses therevnto had no other surnames than the Christian names of their fathers For thus they signed S. ✚ Gulfi filij Mâ—niani S ✚ Culverti filij Donecani S ✚ Olavi filij Oghe c. As for my selfe I never hitherto found any hereditarie Surname before the Conquest neither any that I know and yet both I my selfe and divers whom I know have pored and pusled vpon many an old Record and Evidence to satisfie our selves heerein and for my part I will acknowledge my selfe greatly indebted to them that wil cleare me this doubt But about the time of the Conquest I
Geffrey the sonne of Robert Fitz-Maldred and Isabel his wife heire of the Norman house of the Nevilles tooke the name of Nevill and left it to his posteritie which was spread into very manie honourable families of England In like manner the sonne of Ioscelin of Lovan a yoonger sonne to the Duke of Brabant when he had married Agnes the onely daughter of William Lord Percy so named of Percy forrest in the county of Maen from whome they came and not of piercing the king of Sâ—â—ts through the 〈◊〉 as Hâ—ctâ—r Bâ—â—tius fableth his sonne and posteritie vppon a composition with the same Lady tooke her name of Percy but retained theyr olde coate armour to shew from whome they descended So Adam de Montgomery marrying the daughter and heire of Carew of Molesford her sonne relinquishing his owne left to his posteritie his mothers name Carew from whom the Barons Carew the Carews of Haccomb of Berry of Authony Beddington c. have had their names and originall Likewise Ralph Gernon marrying the daughter of Cavendish or Candish left that name to his issue as Th Talbot a learned Genealogist hath prooved So Robert Meg the great favourite of king Iohn took the name of Braybrooke whereof his mother was one of the heires So sir Iohn de Haudlow marrying the daughter and heire of the Lorde Burnell his posteritie tooke the name of Burnell So sir Tibauld Russell tooke the name of De Gorges to him and his issue for that his mother was sister and one of the heirs of Ralfe de Gorges as it appeareth in the controversie betweene Warbleton and the saide Tibauld de Corges for the coate of Armes Lozengy Or and Azure 21. of Edward the third before Henry Earle of Lancaster and others at the siege of Saint Margaret Not many years since when Iames Hâ—rsey had married the daughter of De-Le-vale of Northumberland his issue tooke the name of De-la-vale Heerevnto may they also bee referred who changed their names in remembrance of their Progenitours being more honourable as the sonnes of Geffrey Fitz-Petre tooke the name of Magnavilla or Mandevile when they came to be Earles of Essex because their grandmother Beatrix was of the house of Mandevile as appeareth by the Abby booke of Walden So Thomas de Molton tooke the name of Lucy and many other which I omit Others also have taken the name of them whose lands they had As when King Henry the first gave the lands of the attainted Robert Moubray Earle of Northumberland being 120. Knights fees in Normandy and 140. in England to Nigall or Nâ—â—le de 〈…〉 who in the battell at 〈◊〉 tooke Robert Duke of 〈◊〉 prisoner he commanded withall that his posteritie should take the Surname of Moâ—bray which they accordingly did and retained the same as long as the issue male continued which determined in Iohn Moâ—bray Duke of Norfolke in the time of King Edward the fourth whose heires were married into the families of Howard and Barkeley Remembrance of benefits made others to change their names as William Mortimer descended from those of Richards Castle tooke the name of La-Zouch and named his sonne Alan de la-Zouch for some favour received from the Lord Zouch of Ashby de la-Zouch as appeareth by Inquisition 11. 21. Ed. 3. In respect of adoption also very many in all ages have changed their names I neede not particulate it for all know it Some of their owne dislike of their names have altered them for as I have read in the booke of Fornesse William Fitz-Gilbert Baron of Kendall obtained licence of King Henry the second to change his name and call himselfe and his posteritie Lancaster from whom the Lancasters in Westmâ—rlaud c. are descended Heerevpon some thinke that without the Kings licence new names cannot be taken or old names given away to others Yet Tiraquell the great Civilian of France in Leg. quin. Conub Tit. 92. seemeth to incline that both name and Armes may be transferred by will and testament and produceth Augustus who by his Testament commanded Tiberius and Livia to beare his name How in former times Herevile Dunvile Clauwowe gave and granted away their Armes which are as silent names distinctions of families and the same was thought vnlawfull afterward when the Lord 〈◊〉 would have done the same shall be declared in more convenient place But the inconvenience of change of names hath beene discovered to be such in France that it hath beene prâ—pounded in 〈◊〉 at 〈◊〉 that it should not be permitted but in these two respects eyther when one should bee made heire to any with especiall words to assume the name of the testatour or when any one should have a donation surmounting a thousand crownes vpon the same condition But to retyre to our purpose Not a few have assumed the names of their fathers Baronies as in former times the issue of Richard Fitz-Gilbert tooke the name of Clare which was their Barony and in late time since the Suttons came to the Barony of Dudley all their issue tooke the name of Dudleyes that I may omit others The dislike of others hath caused also a change of names for King Edward the first disliking the iteration of Fitz commanded the Lord Iohn Fitz-Robert a most ancient Baron whose Ancestours had continued their Surnames by their fathers Christian names to leave that manner and to be called Iohn Clavering which was the capitall seate of his Barony And in this time many that had followed that course of naming by Fitz tooke them one setled name and retained it as Fitz Walter and others Also at that time the names of Thomson Richardson Willson and other of that forme began to be setled which before had varied according to the name of the father Edward the fourth likewise as I have heard loving some whose name was Picard would often tell them that hee loved them well but not their names wherevpon some of them changed their names and I have heard that one of them which tooke the name of Ruddle being the place of his birth in that respect And in late yeares in the time of King Henry the eight an ancient worshipfull gentleman of Wales being called at the panniell of Iury by the name of Thomas Ap William Ap Thomas Ap Richard Ap Hoel Ap Evan Vaghan c. was advised by the Iudge to leave that old manner Wherevpon he after called himselfe Moston according to the name of his principall house and left that Surname to his posterity Offices have brought new names to divers families as when Edward Fitz-Thâ—â—bald of Ireland the Earles of Ormond and others descended from them tooke the name of Butler So the distinct families of the Constables in the County of Yorke are saide to have taken that name from some of their Ancestours which bare the office of Constables of some Castles In Like manner the Stewards Marshalls Spencers That I may say nothing of such as for well acting on the stage have carried
at his eyes This his devise had no life because it had no Motte but his answer gave it life when he said to one demaunding his meaning That they were his sonnes which did so pecke him and that Iohn the yongest whome he loved best practised his death more busily than the rest Giraldus Cambrensis distinct King Henry the third as liking well of Remuneration commaunded to be written in his Chamber at Woodstocke as it appeareth in the Recordes in the Tower Qui non dat quod amat non accipit iâ—le quod optat Edmund Crâ—uch-backe his second sonne first Earle of Lancaster vsed a red Rose wherewith his Tombe at Westminster is adorned Edward the third bare for his devise the rayes of the Sunne dispersing themselves out of a cloude and in other places a golden truncke of a tree The victorious Blacke Prince his sonne vsed sometimes one feather sometime three in token of his speedy execution in all his services as the Postes in the Roman times were Pterophori and wore feathers to signifie their flying post-haste But the tradition is that hee wonne them at the battell of Poitiers whereunto hee adioyned this olde English word IC DEN that is I serve according to that of the Apostle The heire while he is a childe differeth nothing from a servant These feathers were an anâ—ent ornament of militarie men as is evident by that of Virgil Cuius olorina surgunt de vertice pennae And were vsed by this Prince before the time of Canoy Chan the Tartarian who because his life was saved by an Owle would have his people weare their feathers from whome Haithon fableth that the people of Iurope received first the vse of feathers Iohn of Gaunt Duke of Lancaster brother to this Prince tooke a red Rose to his devise as it were by right of his first wise the heire of Lancaster as Edmund of Langley Duke of Yorke tooke the white Rose Before these two brethren tooke these two Roses which the fautors and followers of their heires after bare in that pittifull distraction of England betweene the families of Lancaster and York a white Rose-tree at Longleete bare vpon one branch a faire white rose on the one side and as faire a red rose on the other which might as well have beene a fore-token of that division as the white henne with the bay sprigge lighting in the lap of Livia Augusta betokened the Empire to her posteritie which ended in Nero when both the brood of that hen failed and the baies of that sprigge withered The said Edmund of Langley bare also for an Imprese a Faulcon in a fetter-locke implying that he was locked vp from all hope and possibility of the Kingdome when his brethren beganne to aspire therevnto Wherevpon he asked on a time his sonnes when he saw them beholding this devise set vp in a window what was Latine for a fetter-locke Whereat when the yong gentleman studied the father said well then you cannot tell me I will tell you Hic haec hoc taceaâ—s as advising them to be silent and quiet and therewithall said Yet God knoweth what may come to passe heereafter This his great Grandchilde King Edward the fourth reported when he commanded that his yonger sonne Richard Duke of Yorke should vse this devise with the fetter-locke opened as Roger Wall an Herald of that time reporteth King Richard the second whose vntrained youth and yeelding lenitie hastened his fall vsed commonly a white Hart couchant with a crowne and chaine about his â—â—cke For wearing the which soone after his deposition lost their lives He also vsed a pescod branch with the cods open but the pease out as it is vpon his Robe in his Monument at Westminster His wife Anne sister to Wenceslaus the Emperour bare an Ostrich with a naile in his beake King Henry the fourth as it is in Maister Garters booke vsâ—d onely a Fox tayled pendent following lysanders advise if the Lions skin were too short to peece it out with a Foxes case His halfe brethren surnamed Beausort of their natall place who after were dukes of Sâ—mmerset c. bare a port-cullis golde wherevnto not long afterward was added this word ALTERA SLCVRITAS And not long since by the Earles of Worcester issued from them MVTARE AVT TIMERE SPâ—RNO His yonger sonne Humfrey Duke of Glocester a noble fautor of good letters baâ—e in that respect a Laurell branch in a golden cup. That most martiall Prince King Henry the fift carried a burnâ—ng Cresset sometime a Beacon and for his word but not appropriate therevnto VNE SANS PLVS One and no more King Henry the sixt had two feathers in saltire King Edward the fourth bare his white Rose the fetter-locke before specified and the sunne after the battell of Mortimers crosse where three Sunnes were seene immâ—diately conioyning in one King Richard the third bare a white Boare which gave occâ—sion to the ryme that cost the maker his life The Cat the Rat and Lovell the Dog Rule all England vnder an Hog King Henry the seaventh in respect of his descent from the house of Summerset vsed the Portcullis before mentioned and in respect of the vnion of the two houses of Lancaster and Yorke by his marriage the white Rose vnited with the red sometime placed in the Sunne And in respect he was crowned in the field with King Richards crowne found in an hawtherne bush hee bare the hawthorne bush with the crowne in it with this he filled the windowes at Richmond and his Chappell at Westminster His wife Queene Elizabeth had a white and red rose knit together His mother Lady Margaret Countesse of Richmond had three white Dasies growing vpon a turfe When king Henry the eight beganne his raigne the English wits beganne to imitate the French and Italian in these devises adding the Mots First king Henry himselfe at the interview betweene him and king Francis the first whereat also Charles the fift was present vsed for his Impresse an English Archer in a greene coat drawing his arrow to the head with this inscription CVI ADHAEREO PRAEEST whenas at that time those mighty Princes banding one against the other wrought him for their owne particular His wife Queene Anne a happy mother of Englands happines by her most happy daughter bare a white crowned Faulcon holding a Scepter in her right talon standing vpon a golden truncke out of the which sprowted both white and red roses with MIHI ET MEAE To the honour of Queene Iane who died willingly to save her childe King Edwarde was devised after her death a Phaenix in his funerall fire with this Motte NASCATVR VT ALTER King Edward the sixt bare as the Blacke Prince three feathers in a crowne while his father survived as Prince of Wales with IC DEN. Queene Mary when she was Princesse of Wales vsed both a red and white Rose and a Pomegranate knitte together to shew her descent from Laâ—caster Yorke and Spaine When she
her Sonne winged Cupid in a nette with QVI CAPIT CAPITVR The Starre called Spica Virginis one of the fifteene which are accompted to be of the first magnitude among the Astronomers with a scrole in written MIHI VITA SPICA VIRGINIS declared thereby happly that hee had that Starre in the ascendent at his Nativitie or rather that he lived by the gracious favour of a virgin Prince One in our sea-faring age adventuring himselfe and all he had to the Seas proposing no certaine arrivall to himselfe made a Ship with full sayles in the Sea and superscribed PORTVS IN IGNOTO His minde mounted above the meane which devised for himselfe one that had clambred much more then halfe the way of a sleepe Mountaine adding this worde neere him DIXERVNT FATVI omitting the other part of the verse Medicum tenuere beati Likewise he hoped to attaine the height of his desire which made one climing to the middle of a Piramis with HAC SPE by him and ILLIC SPES aboue him Another also which climed in his conceyt but as it seemeth fearing a fall made a man vpon the vppâ—r degreeâ— of a Ladder with this Mot adioyned NON QVO SED VNDE CADO. He referred Fate Fortune and all to his Soveraigne which drew for himselfe the twelve houses of heaven in the forme which Astrologians vse setting downe neither Signe nor Planet therein but onely placing over it this worde DISPONE The like reference had he which onely vsed a white Shield and therein written FATVM INSCRIBAT ELIZA It may bee doubtfull whether hee affected his Soveraigne or iustice more zealously which made a man hovering in the aire with FEROR AD ASTAEAM You may easily coniecture what he conceyued who in his shield reared an Oare with a â—aile fastned therevnto adding FO RS ET VIRTVS MISCENTVR IN VNVM Full of loving affection was he to his Ladie which bare a Rose vpon his pricking branch and ABIGITQVE TRAHITQVE With many a blustring blast he seemed to have beene tossed which painted an Horizon with all the Cardinall and collaterall windes blowing and in the middest RAPIVNT QVEFERVNT QVE As to the honour of Magellanus whose ship first passed round about the world though he miscaried was devised the terrestriall Globe with TV PRIMVS CIRCVMDEDISTI ME. So our Sir Francis Drake who fortunately effected the same had devised for him a Globe terrestriall vpon the height whereof in a ship vnder sayle trayned about the Globe with two golden halsers by direction of an hand out of a cloud and a dragon volant vpon the hatches regarding the direction with these wordes AVXIâ—IO DIVINO An Imprese too perplexed and vnfitting for so worthy a maÌ„ who as one said to him most exceleÌ„tly in this Distich PLVS VLTRA Herculeis inscribas Drake 〈◊〉 Et magno dicas Hercule maior 〈◊〉 A man veâ—â—ly worthie to bee eternized by some good pâ—n as also his seruant Iohn Oxenham who ariving with 70. men in the straight of Dariena in America drew a land his ship and hiding it with boughes marched ouer the lâ—nd with his companie guided by Negros vntill bee came to a riuer where he cut wood made him a Pinasse entred the South sea went to the Island of Pearles lay there ten dayes intercepted in two Spanish shippes 60. thousand weight of golâ—e and one hundred thousand in barres of silver returned safely to the maine land but through the mutinie of his souldiers he miscaried and as the Poet saiâ—h Magnu excidit ausis In an adventure never attempted by any and therefore not to be forgotten when as the Lopez a Spaniard hath recorded it not without admiration as you may see in the Discoveries of the leaâ—ned and industrious M Rich. Haâ—kluit But pardon this dâ—gression occasioned by the memorie of Sir Fr. Drake It seemed a difficultie vnto him to lâ—â—e rightly either in libertie or in bondage wâ—iâ—h painted one Greyhound coursing with IN LIBERTATE LABOR and another â—iâ—d to a tree gâ—zâ—ng on the game with IN SERVITVTE DOLOR I can not imagine what he mâ—ant which tooâ—e for his deuise a small brooke passing along the lands â—â—ldly till it came to a damme and there rising and raging overflowed the lands with MAGIS MAGIS QVE written in the place ouerflowed vnlesse he would giue vs to vnderstand that the more his affections were stopped the more they were stirred He which tooke a man armed at all poynts with ME ET MEVM while he shewed a resolution in his owne behalfe forgat God and that of King Henrie the eight DIEV ET MON DROIT God and my right In the Impreses of Ruscelli I find that Sir Riâ—hard Shetley Knight of S Iohâ—s vsed a white Faulcon with thâ—s Spanish Motto FE Y FIDALGVIA Id est Faith and gentlenesse which Faulcon he quartered in his armeâ— by the name of Michelgroue As they say Whereas the Laurell sacred to learning is never hurt by lightning and therefore the Cocke resorteth therevnto in tempests as naturall Historians testifie He seemed studious of good learning and feareful of daunger which caused to be painted for him a Cocke vnder a Laurell with SIC EVIT ABILE FVLMFN An amorous affection was onely noted in him which set downe an eye in an heart with VVLNVS ALO. Hee also helde one course and levelled at one marke which made a Riuer in a long tract disgorging himselfe into the Sea with SEMPER AD MARE Hee doubted not to find the right course by indirect meanes which did set downe a sphericall crooked paire of Compasses with PER OBLIQVA REâ—TA Hee proposed to himselfe honour in Martiall seruice which made a Trophee or truncke of a tree with harnesse and abillements of warre and a Sepulchre not farre off adding vnder-neath AVT SPOLIIS LAETEMVR OPIMIS Omitting that which followeth in Virgâ—â—l Aut Laetho insigni A warie man would he seeme and carefull for his owne which shewed a village on fire with I AM PROXIMVS ARDET Tyred might he seeme with Law-delayes or such like sutes which deuised for himself a tottering ship with torne sayles driuen vp and downe with I AM SEVTIMA PORTAT You know what followeth Omnâ—bus errantem terris fluctibus astas In the beginning of her late Maiesties raigne one vpon happie hope conceyved made an halfe of the Zodiake with Virgo rising adding I AM REDIT ET VIRGO Suppressing the wordes following Redeunt Saturma regna Varietie and vicissitude of humane things he seemed to shew which parted his shield Per Pale Argent Sables and counterchangeably writte in the Argent ATER and in the Sables ALBVS He elegantly shewed by whom he was drawne which depainted the Nâ—â—ticall coÌ„passe with AVT MAGNES AVI MAGNA Another ascribing his life and all to his Ladie pictured at 〈◊〉 neere a spring and at the roote thereof QVOD VIVAM TVVM He shevved himselfe to be a Martiall and a Mercuriall man vvhich bare a svvorde in one hand and a
that she would goe to church barefoote and alwayes exercise herselfe in workes of charitie insomuch that when David her brother came out of Scotland to visite her he found her in her privie chamber with a towell about her middle washing wiping and kissing poore peoples feete which he disliking saide Verily if the King your husband knew this you should never kisse his lippes She replied That the feete of the King of heaven are to bee preferred before the lippes of a King in earth Guil Malmes Math. Paris Simon Deane of Lincolne who for his Courtlike carriage was called to Court and became a favourite of this king Henry the first was wont to say I am cast among courtiers as salt among quicke Eeles for that he salted powdred and made them stirre with his salt and sharpe quipping speeches But what saieth the Author who reporteth this of him The salt lost his season by the moysture of the Eeles and was cast out on the dunghill For hee incurring hatred in Court was disgraced committed and at last banished Henr. Huntingdon in Epistola VVHen the Scottes in the time of king Stephen with a great army invaded England the Northerne people brought to the field the Earle of Albemarle the only respective heire of those partes in his cradle and placed him by the Standard hoping thereby to animate the people But Ralph Bishop of Duresme animated them more with this saying Assure your selves that this multitude not trained by discipline wil be combersome to it selfe in good successe and in distresse easily discomforted Which proved accordingly for many Scottishmen left their carcases in the field Historiola de Standardo MAwd the Empresse daughter and heire of this king Henry the first which stiled her sâ—lfe Lady of the Englishmen would often say to her sonne king Henry the second Be hasty in nothing Hawkes are made more serviceable when yee make faire shewes of offering meate often and yet with-hold it the longer Cualterus Mapes Others Maximes of her In arte Reguands proceeding from a niggish olde wife I wittingly omitte as vnbefitting a Prince Robert Earle of Gloucester base sonne to king Henry the first the onely martiall man of England in his age vsed Stephen Beauchampe with all grace and countenaunce as his onely favorite and privado to the great dislike of all his followers Whereupon when he was distressed in a conflict he called to some of his companie for helpe but one bitterly bade him Call nowe to your Stephen Pardon mee pardon me replieth the Earle In matters of Venery I must vse my Stephen but in Martiall affaires I relie who he vppon you Gualter Mapes de Nugis Curialium HEnry the second caused his eldest sonne Henry to bee crowned kâ—ng and that day served him at the Table Whereuppon the Archebishop of Yorke said vnto the yoong king Your Maiestie may reioyce for there is never a Prince in the world that hath this day such a waiter aâ— his Table as you have Wonder you so much aâ— that my Lord saide the yong king and dooth my father thinke it an abasement for him being discended of royall bloud onely by his mother to serve me at the Table that have both a King to my father and a Queene to my mother Which prowde speech when the vnfortunate father heard hee rounded the Archbishop in the care and saide I repent mee I repent me of nothing more than of vntimely advauncements Anonymus Wimund Bishop of the Isle of Man in the time of King Stephen a martiall Prelate as many were in that age after he had with many an inrode annoyed the Scots some English procured by them sodainely apprehended him put out his eies and gelded him as my Author saieth for the peace of the kingdome not for the kingdome of heaven Who after retiring himselfe to the Abbey of Biland in Yorkeshire would often couragiously say Had I but a sparrowe eye my enemies should never carry it away scot-free Newbrigensis When king Plenry the second was at S. Davis in Wales and from the cliffes there in a cleere day discovered the coast of Ireland that most mighty Monark of this realme saide I with my shippes am able to make a bridge thither if it be no further which speach of his beeing related to Murchard king of Lemster in Ireland he demaunded if hee added not to his speech with the grace of God when it was answered that hee made no mention of God Then saide hee more cheerefully I feare him lesse which trusteth more to himselfe than to the helpe of God Giraldus Cambrensis Owen of Kevelsoc Prince of Powis admitted to the table of king Henry the second at Shrewsbury the king the more to grace him reached him one of his owne loaves which he cutting in small peeces and setting them as farre off as he could reach did eate very leasurely When the king demaunded what he meant thereby he aunswered I doe as you my Soveraigne meaning that the king in like manner tooke the fruition of offices and spirituall preferments as long as he might Giraldus The same king Henry returning out of Ireland arrived at saint Davis in Wales where it was signified vnto him that the Conqueror of Ireland returning that way should die vpon a stone called Lech-laver neere the churchyard whereupon in a great presence he pasted over it and then reprooving the Welsh-Britans credulity in Merlins Prophecies said Now who will heereafter credite that liar Merlin Giraldus Gilbert Foliot Bishop of London disliking Thomas Becket Archbishop of Canterbury woulde say oftentimes Ad Zachaeum non divertisset Dominus nisi de sicomoro iam descendisset That Zachaeus had never entertained and lodged Christ vnlesse he had come downe from the figge tree As though Christ could never like the lofty vntill they should humiliate themselves and come downe Anonymus Ms. The same king would often say The whole world is 〈◊〉 enough for a great Prince Girald in Distinct In the time of this Henry the second the See of Lincolne was so long voyde as a certaine Convert of Tame prophecied that there should be no more Bishoppes of Lincolne But he prooved a truthlesse prophet for Geffrey the kings base sonne was preferred after sixteene yeeres vacancie thereunto but so fitte a man as one saide of him That he was skilfull in fleecing but vnskilfull in feeding Vitae Episcoporum Eboracensium This gallant base Bishoppe would in his protestations and othes alwayes protest By my faith and the King my father But Walter Mapes the kings Chaplan told him You might doe aswel to remember sometimes your mothers honesty as to mention so often your fathers royaltie Mapes de Nugis Curialium This Bishop Ceffrey in all his Instruments passing from him vsed the stile of G. Archiepiscopus Eborum but in the circumference of his Seale to notifie his royall parentage Sigillum Galfredi filij Regis Anglorum as I observed in his Seales SAvage a Gentleman which amongst the first English had
planted himselfe in Vlster in Ireland advised his sonne for to builde a castle for his better defence against the Irish enemy who valiantly answered that hee woulde not trust to a castle of stones but to his castle of bones Meaning his body Marâ—ebrigensis Robert Bâ—anchmaines Earle of Leicester was wont to say Soveraigne Princes are the true types or relemblances of Gods true maiestie in which respect saieth mine Author treason against the Princes person was called Crimen maiest at is Polycraticon Pope Adrian the fourth an English man borne of the familie of Breakespeare in Middlesex a 〈◊〉 commended for converting Norway to christianity before his Papacie but noted in his Papacie for vsing the Emperour Fredericke the second as his Page in holding his stirroppe demaunded of Iohn of Sarisbury his countryman what opinion the world had of the Church of Rome and of him who answered The Church of Rome which should be a mother is now a stepmother wherein sit both Scribes and Pharises and as for your selfe whenas you are a father why doe you exspect pensions from your children c. Adrian smiled and after some excuses tolde him this tale which albeit it may seeme long and is not vnlike that of Menenius Agrippa in Livie yet give it the reading and happly you may learne somewhat by it All the members of the body conspired against the stomacke as against the swallowing gulfe of all their labors for whereas the eies beheld the eares heard the handes labored the feete traveled the tongue spake and all partes performeds their functions onely the stomacke lay ydle and consumed all Hereuppon they ioyntly agreed al to forbeare their labors and to pine away their lasie and publike enemy One day passed over the second followed very tedious but the third day was so grievous to them all that they called a common Counsel The eyes waxed dâ—mme the feete could not support the body the armes waxed lasie the tongue faltered and could not lay open the matter Therefore they all with one accord desired the advise of the Heart There Reason layd open before them that â—ee against whome they had proclaimed warres was the cause of all this their misery For he as their common steward when his allowances were withdrawne of necessitie withdrew theirs fro them as not receiving that he might allow Therfore it were a farre better course to supply him than that the limbs should faint with hunger So by the perswasion of Reason the stomacke was served the limbes comforted and peace re-established Even so it fareth with the bodies of Common-weales for albeit the Princes gather much yet not so much for themselves as for others So that if they want they cannot supply the want of others therefore do not repine at Princes heerein but respect the common good of the whole publike estate Idem Oftentimes would he say All his preferments never added any one iote to his happinesse or quietnesse Idem He also that I may omitte other of his speeches would say The Lord hath dilated me by hammering me vpon the anvild but I beseech him he would vnderlay his hand to the vnsupportable burthen which he hath layde vpon me Idem When it was signified vnto king Richard the first son to the foresaide King Henry sitting at supper in his pallace at Westminster which we call the old pallace now that the French king besieged his towne of Vernoil in Normandie he in greatnes of courage protested in these wordes I will never turne my backe vntil I have confronted the French For performance of which his princely word hee caused the wall in his pallace at Westminster to be broken downe directly towardes the South posted to the coast and immediately into Normandie where the very report of his sodaine arrivall so terrified the French that they raised the siege and retired themselves Ypodigma The same king Richard purposing an expedition into the holy land made money at all handes and amongst other things solde vnto Hugh Pudsey Bishop of Durham the Earledome of Northumberland merrily laughing when he invested him and saying Am not I cunning and my crafiesmaister that can make a yoong Earle of an olde Bishoppe But this Prelate was fitte to be an Earle for the worlde as one of that age saide of him was not crucifixus to him but infixus in him Lib. Dunelm One Fulke a Frenchman of great opinion for his holinesse tolde this king Richard that hee kept with him three daughters that would procure him the wrath of God if he did not shortly ridde himselfe of them Why hypocrite quoth the king all the worlde knoweth that I never hadde childe Yea saide Fulke you have as I saide three and their names are Pride Covetousnesse and Lechery It is so saide the king you shal see me presently bestow them the Knightes Templers shal have Pride the while Mâ—nkes Covetousnesse and the Cleargy Lechery and there have you my three daughters bestowed among you When there was a faire opportunitie offered vnto this king Richard and to Hugh duke of Burgundie for the surprise of Ierusalem they marched forward in two battalles from Acres The king of England led the first the Duke of Burgundie the other when they approched the Duke of Burgundie envying the glory of the English signified to the king of England that he would retire with his companies because it should not be said that the English had taken Ierusalem While this message was delivering and the King grieving that so glorious an enterprise was so overthwarted by envie one amongest the English companies cryed alowde to the King and said Sir Sâ—r come hither and I will shew you Ierusalem But king Richard cast his coate of armes before his face and weeping vttered these wordes with alowde voice Ah my Lord God I beseech thee that I may not see thy holy Cittie Ierusalem whenas I am not able to deliver it out of the handes of the enemies Ian Sire Signour de Ionville in the life of Saint Le wes cap. 70. This Author also giveth this testimony of the saide king in the eight chapter of the saide Booke This Prince was of such prowesse that he was more feared and redoubted amongest the Sarazens then ever was any Prince Christian Insomuch that when as their little infants beganne to crie their mothers would say to make them holde their peace King Richard commeth and wil have you and immediately the little children hearing him named would forbeare crying And likewise the Turkes and Sarazens when their horses at any time started they woulde putte spurre to them and say What you iades you thinke King Richard is heere When the same king Richard had fortunately taken in a skirmish Philippe the Bishop of Beavoys a deadly enemy of his hee cast him in prison with boltes vpon his heeles which being complained of vnto the Pope he wrote earnestly vnto him not to detaine his deere sonne an Ecclesiasticall person and a sheepheard of the Lordes but to send him
amiddest the ennemies And God bee thanked I have sufficient revenews left by my Aâ—ncestours to maintaine me in your service Whereupon the Prince praising his prudence and liberalitie confirmed his gift made to his Esquiers and assigned him moreover sixe hundred markes of like land in England â—rossard William Wickham after Bishoppe of Winchester came into the service and also into the great favour of King Edward the third by beeing overseer of his great woorke at Windesor wheras before he served as a poore parish priest Wherfore he caused to be written in one of his windows This worke made Wickham Which being tolde vnto the King hee was offended with Wickham as though hee had gone about to robbe him of the glorie of that magnificent worke But when Wickham tolde him that his meaning was that that worke had beene his making and advauncement the King rested content and satisfied Vita Wiccami When the saide William Wickham as it is commonlie saide sued vnto Edward the third for the Bishoppricke of Winchester the King tolde him that hee was vnmeete for it because he was vnlearned but hee saide In recompence thereof I will make many learned men The which hee performed indeed For he founded New Colledge in Oxford and another in Winchester which houses have affoorded verie many learned men both to the Church and to the Common-wealth When Henry of Lancaster surnamed the Good Earle of Darby had taken 1341. Bigerac in Gascoigne hee gave and graunted to every souldier the house which every one should first seaze vpon with all therein A certaine souldier of his brâ—ke into a Mint-maisters house where hee found so great a masse of money that hee amazed therewith as a prey greater than his desert or desire signified the same vnto the Earle who with a liberall minde aunswered It is not for my state to play boyes play to give and take Take thou the money if it were thrice as much Walsingham When newes was bâ—ought vnto king Richard the second that his vnkles of Yorke and Gloucester the Earles of Arundell Warwicke Darby and Nottingham with other of that faction who sought to reforme the misorders of the King or rather of his wicked Counsellors were assembled in a woodde neere vnto the Court after hee had asked other mens opinions what was to be done in so weightie and doubtfull a case At length hee mernly demaunded of one sir Hugh a Linne who had beene a good militarie man in his dayes but was then somewhat distraught of his wittes what he would advise him to doe Issue out quoth sir Hugh and let vs set vppon them and stay them every mothers sonne and by Gods eyes when thou hast so done thou hast killed all the faithfull friendes that thou hast in England Anonymus KIng Henry the fourth a wise Prince who full well knew the humour of the English in his admonition to his sonne at his death saide Of Englishmen so long as they have wealth and riches so long sâ—alt thou have obeysance but when they be poore then they be alwayes ready to make insurrections at every motion Hall King Henry the fourth during his sickenes caused his Crowne to be set on his pillow at his beds head and sodainâ—ly his pangue so sore troubled him that hee lay as though his vitall spirites had beene from him departed Such chamberlaines as had the care and charge of his bodie thinking him to be dead covered his face with a linnen cloth The Prince his sonne being thereof advertised entred into the chamber and tooke away the Crowne and departed The father being sodainely revived out of his traunce quickely perceived that his Crowne was taken away and vnderstanding that the Prince his sonne had it caused him to repaire to his presence requiring of him for what cause he had so mis-used himselfe The Prince with a good audacitie answered Sir to mine and all men iudgements you seemed dead in this world wherefore I as your next and apparant heire tooke that as mine owne not as yours Well faire sonne saide the King with a great sigh what right I had to it and how I enioyed it God knoweth Well quoth the Prince if you die King I will have the garland and trust to keepe it with the Sworde against all mine enemies as you have done Hall KIng Henry the fift when he prepared warres against Fraunce the Dolphin of Fraunce sent him a present of Paris Balles in derision but hee returned for answere That he would shortly resend him London Balles which should shake Paris Walles Anonymus Angticè When King Henry the fift had given that famous overthrowe vnto the French at Agincourt hee fell downe vppon his knees and commaunded his whole armie to doe the same saying that verse in the Psalme Non nobis Domine non nobis sed nomini tuo da gloriam Not vnto vs O Lord not vs but vnto thy name give the glorie HEnry the sixt did take all iniuries whereof he received plenty so patiently that he not only did not seek to revenge them but Gave God thankes that hee did send them to punish his sinnes in this life that hee might escape punishment in the life to come Vita Henrici Sexti As the Emperor Fredericke the third when he heard of the death of a great noble man of Austria who lived ninety three yeeres most wickedly in fleshly pleasures and yet never once afflicted with griefe or sickenes saide This proâ—veth that which Divines teach that after death there is some place where wee receive rewarde or punishment when wee see often in this worlde neyther the iust rewarded nor the wicked punished The same King Henry having in Christmasse a shew of yoong women with their bare breasts layde out presented before him hee immediately departed with these wordes Fie fie for shame forsooth you be too blame Idem He receiving on a time a great blowe by a wicked man which compassed his death hee onely sayde Forsooth forsooth yee doe fowly to smite a King annoynted Not long before his death being demaunded why hee had so long held the Crowne of England vniustly hee replied My father was King of England quietly enioying the Crowne all his raigne and his father my grandfire was also king of England and I even a childe in cradle was proclaimed and crowned King without any interruption and so held it fortie yeeres wel-neere all the states doing homage vnto mee as to my Auncestors Therefore wiâ—â— I say with King David My lot is fallen in a faire ground I have a goodly heritage my helpe is from the Lord which saveth the vpright in heart Idem Thomas Montacute â—arle of Sarisbury when hee besieged Orleans and had so enforced it that the Inhabitants were willing to articulate and to yeelde themselves to the Duke of Burgundie then being in his company he highly disdaining it saide in the English proverbe I wil not beate the bush and another shal have the birdes Which proverbiall speech so offended the
of Flaunders nephew to this King William the Conquerour sonne to Robert who vnhappy in his state loosing the hope of the Kingdome of England dying of a wound in his hand was not altogether vnhappy in his Poet which made him this Epitaph Vnicus ille ruit cuius non terga sagittam Cuius nosse pedes non potuere fugam Nil nisi fulmen erat quoties res ipsa mouebat Et si non fulmen fulminis instar erat King Henry the first for his learning surnamed Beauclerc had this flatterng Epitaph as Poets could flatter in all ages Rex Henricus obit decus olim nunc dolor orbis Numina flent numen deperijsse suum Mercurius minor eloquio vi mentis Apollo Iupiter imperio Marsque vigore gemunt Anglia quae curá quae sceptro Principis huius Ardua splenduerat tam tenebrosa ruit Haec cum rege suo Normania cum Duce marcet Nutrijt haec puerum perdidit illa virum Of him also another composed these in respect of his peaceable gouernment and the troubles which ensued vnder King Stephen both in England and Normandie Anglia Iugeat hinc Normannica gens fleat illinc Occidit Henricus modò lux nunc luctus vtrique Vpon William sonne of King Henry the first and heire apparent of this Realme drowned vpon the coast of Normandie I haue found this Epitaphe Abstulit hunc terrae matri maris vnda nouerca Proh dolor occubuit Sol Anglicus Anglia plora Quaeque priùs fueras gemino radiata nitore Extincto nato viuas contenta parente But well it was with England in that he was so preuented which threatned to make the English draw the Plough as Oxen. Hypodigma Mawd daughter to the foresaid King wife to Henry the Emperour mother to King Henry the 2. who intitled her selfe Empresse Augusta for that she was thrice solemnly crowned at Rome as R. de Diceto test fieth Anglorum Domina because she was heire apparent to the crowne of Englād was very happy in her Poet who in these 2. funerall verses contained her princely parentage match issue Magna ortis maiorque viro sed maxima partu Hic iacet Henrici filia sponsa parens Alberic Vere graundfather to the first Earle of Oxford and his sonne William were buried together Anno 1088. with this Epitaphe at Colne where he was founder afterward Monke as it is in the Annales of Abingdon En puer en senior pater alter filius alter Legem fortunam terram venêre sub vnam In which the maker seemed to imitate that of Conrad the Emperour at Spires in Germany Filius hîc pater hîc annus hî proauus iacet istic Thomas Beket Arch-bishop of Canterbury had these Epitaphes expressing the cause the time place of his death made by his especiall fauourer Pro Christi sponsa Christi sub tempore Christi In templo Christi verus amator obit Quinta dies natalis erat flos orbis ab orbe Carpitur et fructus incipit esse poli Quis morritur praesul cur pro grege qualiter ense Quando natali quis locus ara Dei For Theobald of Bloys Earle of Champaine nephew to King Henry the first Giraldus Cambrensis Bishop of S. Dauids in Walles made this Ille comes Comes ille pius Theobaldus eras quem Gaudet habere polus terra carere dolet Non hominem possum non audeo dicere numen Mors probat hunc hominem vita fuisse Deum Trans hominem citraque Deum plus hoc minus istud Nescio qui◠neuter inter vtrumque fuit Vitalis Abbot of Westminster which died in the time of the Conquerour had this Epitaph Qui nomen traxit a vita morte vocante Abbas Vitalis transijt hicque iacet And for Lawrence Abbot of the same place which died 1176. was made this alluding to his name Pro meritis vitae dedit isti Laurea nomen Detur ei vitae laurea pro meritis These two happely may finde as much fauour with some if one word do not preiudice as that auncient one of Floridus so highly commended Quod vixi flos est seruat lapis hic mihi nomen Nolo Deos manes flos mihi pro titulo Geruays de Bloys base sonne to King Stephen and Abbot also of the same church was buried with the foresaid in the cloyster with this De Regum genere pater hic Geruasius ecce Monstrat defunctus mors rapit omne genus William de Albeney Erle of Arundel and Butler to the King was buried at Wimodham which he founded with this Hunc Pincerna locum fundauit hîc iacet alla Quae dedit huic domui tam sine fine tenet That mighty Monarch King Henry the second which by his owne right adioyned Anioy Maine and Tourain by his wife Aquatine Poyctov and by conquest Ireland to the Crowne of England and commanded from the Pyrene mountaines to the Orcades had this Epitaph according to his greatnesse Rex Henricus eram mihi plurima regna subegi Multiplicique modo Duxque Comesque fui Cui satis ad votum non essent omnia terrae Climata terra modo sufficit octo pedum Qui legis haec pensa discrimina mortis et in me Humanae speculum conditionis habe Sufficit hic tumulus cui non suffecerat orbis Res breuis ampla mihi cui fuit ampla breuis Rosamond the faire his paramour daughter to Walter Lord Clifford and mother to William Longspee the first Earle of Sarisbury aeternised by maister Daniels muse had this nothing answerable to her beauty Hac iacet in tumba rosa mundi non Rosamunda Non redolet sed olet quae redolere solet William Longspee Earle of Sarum base sonne to King Henry the second by this Lady had an Epitaph not vnlike to that of his mother Flos comitum Willielmus cognomine longus Ensis vaginam caepit habere breuem The glory of that magnanimous and lionlike prince king Richard the first renowned for his Conquest of Cyprus The king whereof he tooke and kept in setters of siluer and for his great exployts in the holy land stirred vp the wits of the best Poets in that age to honor him with these Epitaphs which follow when he was slaine in viewing the Castle of Chaluz in Limosin Hic Richarde iaces sed mors si cederet armis Victa timore tui cederet ipsa tuis Another also writt of him Istius in morte perimit formica leonem Proh dolor in tanto funere mundus obit An English poet imitating the epitaph made of Pompey his children whose bodies were buried in diuerse contries made these following of the glory of this one king deuided in three places by his funerall Viscera Carccolum corpus fons seruat Ebrandi Et cor Rothomagum magne Richarde tuum In tria diuiditur vnus qui plus fuit vno Non vno iaceat gloria tanta loco At Font Euerard where
Nicetas and Nicophorus The Yorkeshireman which was Schoolemaister to Carolus Magnus and perswaded him to found the Vniversitie of Paris is in an English-Saxon treatise called Alwin But the French as it seemeth not able to pronounce the w called him Alcumus and Albinus ALBERT Germ. All-bright as Epiphanius Phaedrus Eudoxus with the â—racians Lucilius Illustrius Fulgentius with the Latines Beert and Bert as Alfricus and Rhenamus do translate it is famous faire and cleare Which the rather I beleeve for that Bertha a German Lady sent into Greece was there called Eudoxia in the same sence as Luitprandus reporteth They moreover that in auntient Bookes are written Ecbert Sebert Ethelbert in the latter are written Echright Sebright Ethelbright So that Bert in composition of names dooth not signifie Beard as some translate it AELFRED Sax. All peace not varying much in signification from Irenans Eal Ail Ael in old English compound names is answerable to Pan and Pam in Greek names as Pamphilus Pammachius Panaetius Pantalcon c. ALDRED Sax. All reverent feare ALEXANDER Gre. Succour-man or Helper of men ALPHONS if it be a German name and came into Spaine with the Gothes a German nation it is as much as Holfaâ—s that is Our helpe and probable it is to be a Gotish name for Alphens the first king of Spaine of that name Anno 740 was descended from the Gothes AMERY in Latine Almaricus from the German Emerich that is alwayes rich able and powerfull according to Luther the French write it Aumery as they of Theoderic Henric Frederic make Terrey Henry Frery AMBROSE grâ—â— Divine Immortall AMIE from the French Amiè that is Beloved and that from Amatus as Renè from Renatus The erles and dukes of Savoy which be commonly called Aimè were in Latine called Amadeus that is Loving God as Theophilus and so was that erle of Savoy called which did homage to king Henry the third of England for Bourg in Bresse Saint Maurice in Chablais Chasteau Bard c. which I note for the honour of England We doe vse now Amias for this in difference from Amie the womens name Some deduce Amias from Aemilius the Roman name which was deduced from the Greeke Aimulios Faire spoken ANANIAS heb The grace of the Lord. ANDREVV gre Manly or Manfull Freculphus turneth it Decorus Comely and Decent I know not vpon what ground See Charles ANARAVD brit corrupted from Honoratus that is Honorable ANGEL gre a Messenger ANTHONIE gre as Anthoros flourishing from the greeke Anthos a floure as Florens and Florentius with the Latines and Thales Euthalius with the Greekes There are yet some that drawe it from Anton a companion of Hercules ANSELM germ Defence of Authoritie according to Luther Whether this name came from the Gotish word Anses by which the Gothes called their victorious Capitaines as Demi-gods I dare not determine yet Ansbert Ansegis Answâ—ld Germane names and Ansketel vsed much in the antient house of the Mallories seeme to descend from one head ARCHEBALD vide Erchenbald ARFAST Sax. Goodly-man Alfricus ARNOLD ger Honest but the Germans write Ernold Probus in Latine Luther It hath beene common in the old familie of the Boyses ARTHVR a Latin name in Iuvenal drawne from the goodly fixed starre Arcturus and that from Arctus is the Beare as Vrsicinus amongst the Romanes The famous Arthur made this name first famous amongest the Brittaines AVGVSTINE Latine â—ncreasing or Maiesticall from Augustus as Victorinus Iustinus Constantinus diminutives from Victor Iustus Constans according to Molinaeus One observeth that adoptive names doe end in anus as Aemilianus Domitianus Iustinianus adopted by Aemilius Domitius Iustinus Lilius Giraldus B BALDVVIN Ger. if we beleeve Luther Speedie Conquerour if Rhenanus and Lipsius Victorious power But whereas Iornandes cap. 29. sheweth that king Alaric was surnamed Baldh id est Audax for that he was bold and adventurous and both Kilianus and Lipsius him selfe doth confesse that it was antiently in vse for Bold and confident Baldwin must signifie Bold victor as Winbald the same name inverted Ethelbald nobly bold Willibald very bold and confident concurring somewhat in signification with Thraseas Thrasimachus Thrasibulus Thrasillus of the Graecians So all the names wherein Win is found seeme to imply victorie as Tatewin Learned victor Bertwin Famous victor Earlewin Glorions or honourable victor and Vnwin yet amongst the Danes for invincible Ionas Turson as Anicetus in Greeke Accordingly we may iudge that most names wherein Win is found to resemble the Greeke names Nicetes Nicocles Nichomachus Nicander Polynices c. which have Nice in them BAPTIST gre A name given to S. Iohn for that he first baptized and to many since in honor of him BARDVLPH Ger. from Bertulph .i. faire helpe Viph Wolf Hulf Aelf Hilp Helf signifie Help as Luther and others assure vs. So Aelfwin-Victorious helpe Aeelfric Rich or powerfull helpe Aelfwold Helping Governour Aelfgiva Helpe-giver Names conformable to Boetius Symmachus c. BARTHOLMEVV Hebr. the sonne of him that maketh the waters to mount that is of God which lifteth vp the minde of his teachers and droppes downe water Szegedinus BARNABAS or Barnabie Heb. sonne of the Master or Sonne of Comfort BARVCH Hebr. the same which Bennet blessed BASIL Gre. Royall Kingly or Princely BEDE Sax. He that praieth or a devout man as Eucherius or Eusebius in Greeke We retaine still Bedman in the same sence and to say our bedes is but to say our praiers BEAVIS may seeme probably to be corrupted from the name of the famous Celtique King Bellovesus Wherâ—as the French have made in like sort Beavois of the olde Cittie Bellovacum In both these is a significancie of beautie In latter times Boge hath beene vsed in Latine for Beavis BENET Lat. contracted from Benedictus i. Blessed BENIAMIN He. The son of the right hand or Filius dierum Philâ— See Ioseph li. 1. Archaielogias BERNARD Germ. Saint Bernardes Cluniac Monks drew it from Bona Nardus by allusion some turne it Hard child in which sence Barne is yet retained with vs in the North. If it be derived as the Germans wil have it from Bearne which signifieth a Beare it is answerable to Arthur Others yet more iudicially translate Bernard into Filialis indoles Childe-like disposition toward parents as Bernher Lord of many children It hath been most common in the house of Brus of Connigton and Exton Out of the which the Lord Harrington of Exton and Sir Robert Cotton of Connington are discended as his most excellent Maiestie from Robert Brus eldest brother to the first Bernard BERTRAN for Bertrand Faire and pure some thinke that the Spaniards have with sweeter sound drawne hence their Fernando and Ferdinando BLASH Gr. Budding forth or Sprewting with encrease BONIFACE Lat. Well doer or Good and sweete face See Winefrid BONAVENTVRE Lat. Good adventure as Eutychius among the Greekes Paustus and Portunatus among the Latines BOTOLPH Sax. contracted into Botall
daughter or maide But whereas it is written in Deedes Amabilia and Mabilia I thinke it commeth from Amabilis that is Loveable or lovely MAGDALEN Hebr Maiesticall MARGARET gre commonly Marget pearle or pretious MARGERIE Some thinke to be the same with Margaret others fetch it from Marioria I know not what floure MARIE Hebr Exalted The name of the blessed Virgine who was blessed among women because of the fruit of her wombe MAVD for MATILD ger Matildis Mathilidis and Matilda in Latine Noble or honourable Ladie of Maides Alfric turneth Heroina by Hild. So Hildebert was heroically famous Hildegard heroicall preserver and Hilda was the name of a religious Lady in the Primitive church of England MELICENT Fr Hony-sweete MERAVD Vsed antiently in Cornewall from the pretious stone called the Emeraud MVRIEL from the Greeke Muron Sweete perfume N NEST Vsed in Wales for Agnes See Agnes NICHOLA See Nicholas NICIA gre Victorious O OLYMPIAS gre Heavenly ORABILIS Lat Easely intreated P PENELOPE gre The name of the most patient true constant and chaste wife of Vlysses which was given to her for that she carefully loved and fed those birdes with purpre neckes called Penelopes PERNEâ—L from Petronilla Pretty-stone as â—iere and Perkin strained out of Petre. The first of this name was the daughter of Saint Petre. PRISCA Lat Antient. PRISCILLA A diminutive from Prisca PRVDENCE Lat whome the Greekes call Sophia that is Wisedome PHILIPPA See Philip. PHILADELPHIA gre A lover of her sisters or brethren PHILLIS gre Lovely as Amie in Latine POLYXENA gre Shee that will entertaine many guests and strangers R RADEGVND Sax Favourable councell Hadrianus Iunius translateth Gund Favor so Gunther Favorable Lord Gunderic Rich or mighty in favour c. RACHEL Hebr A sheepe REBECCA Hebr Fatte and full ROSAMVND Rose of the world or Rose of peace See in the Epitaphs ROSE Of that faire floure as Susan in Hebrew S SAEINA As chaste and religious as a Sabine who had their name from their worshipping of God SANCHIA Lat from Sancta that is Holie SARAH Hebr Ladie Mistris or Dame SCHOLASTICA gre Leasure from busines SVSAN Hebr Lillie or Rose SISLEY See Caeselia SOPHRONIA gre Modest and temperate SYBILL gre Gods councell other draw it from Hebrue and will have it to signifie Divine Doctrine Peucerus SOPHIA gre Wisedome a name peculiarly applied by the Primitive Christians to our most blessed Saviour who is the wisedome of his Father Epistle to the Hebrewes by whome all things were made And therefore some godly men do more than dislike it as irreligious that it should bee communicated to any other T TABITHA Hebr Roe-bucke TAMESIN or THOMASIN See Thomas THEODOSIA gre Gods-gift TACE Be silent a fitte name to admonish that sex of silence TEMPERANCE Lat. The signification knowne to all V VENVS Lat. Comming to all as Cicero derived it à Veniendo a fit name for a good wench But for shame it is turned of some to Venice In Greeke Venus was called Aphrodite not from the foame of the Sea but as Enripides saith from Aphrosune that is Maddefollie VRSVLA Lat. A little Beare A name heeretofore of great reputation in honour of Vrsula the Britan Virgin-Saint martyred vnder Gods-scourge Attila W VVALBVRG Gratious the same with Eucharia in Greek Luther We have turned it into Warburg WINEFRID Sax. Win or get peace If it be a Britaine word as some thinke it to be written Guinfrid it signifieth Faire and Beautifull countenance Verily Winifred a native of this Isle which preached the Gospel in Germany was called Boniface for his good face or good deedes iudge you OTher vsuall names of women I do not call to remembrance at this time yet I know many other have beene in vse in former ages among vs as Dervâ—rgild Sith Amphilas c And also Nicholea Laurentia Richarda Guilielma Wilmetta drawne from the names of men in which number we yet retaine Philippa Philip Francisca Francis Ioanna Iana c. These English-Saxon German and other names may be thought as faire and as fit for men and women as those most vsuall Praenomina among the Romans 〈◊〉 for that hee was nourished of the gods Luciuâ— for him that was borne in the dawning of the day Marcus for him that was borne in March Manius for him that was borne in the morning Cneus for him that had a wart Servius for him that was borne a slave Quinctius for him that was fift borne c. And our womens names more gratious than their Rutilia that is Red-head Caesilia that is Grey-eyed and Caiaâ— the most common name of all among them signifying â—oy for that Caia Caesilia the wife of King Tarquinius Priscus was the best distasse-wife and spinster among them Neither doe I thinke in this comparison of Names that any will proove like the Gentleman who distasting our names preferred King Arthurs age before ours for the gallant brave and stately names then vsed as sir Orson sir Tor sir Quadragan sir Dinadan sir Launcelot c. which came out of that forge out of the which the Spaniard forged the haughty and lofty name Traquitantos for his Giant which hee so highly admired when hee had studied many dayes and odde houres before hee could hammer out a name so conformable to such a person as hee in imagination then conceited Surnames SVrnames given for difference of â—amilies and continued as hereditary in families were vsed in no nation antiently but among the Romans and that after the league with the Sabines which called theÌ„ Nomina and Nomina Gentilitia as the former were called Praenomina But the French and wee termed them Surnames not because they are names of the sire or the father but because they are super-added to Christian names as the Spaniards call them Renombres as Renames The Hebrewes keeping memory of their Tribe vsed in their Genealogies in steede of Surnames the name of their father with Ben that is Sonne as Melchi Ben-Addi Addi Ben-Cosam Cosam Ben-Eâ—â—adam c. So the Graecians 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Icarus the sonne of Dedalus Dedalus the sonne of Eupalmus Eupalmus the sonne of Metion The like was vsed amongst our auncestors the English as Câ—oured Ceolwalding Ceolwald Cuthing Cuth Cuthwining that is Ceonred soâ—ne of Ceolwald Ceolwald sonne of Cuth Cuthe son of Cuthwin c. And to this is observed by William of Malmesbury where he noteth that the sonne of Eadgar was called Eadgaring and the son of Edmund Edmunding The Britans in the same sence with Ap for Mab as Ap Owen Owen Ap Harry Harry Ap Rhese as the Irish with their Mac as Donald Mac Neale Neale Mac Con Con Mac Dâ—rmâ—tt c. And the olde Normans with Fitz for Filz as Iohn Fitz-Robert Robert Fitz-Richard Richard Fitz-Ralph c. The Arabians onely as one learned noteth vsed their fathers names without their owne forename as Aven-Pace Aven Rois Aven-Zâ—ar that is the sonne of Pace Rois and Zoar As if
away the names of the personages which they acted and have lost their owne names among the people Schollers pride hath wrought alteration in some names which have beene sweetned in sound by drawing â—hem to the Latine Analogâ—â— As that notable Non-resident in our fathers time Doctor Magnus who being a foundling at Newark vppon Trent where hee erected a Grammer schoole was called by the people T. Among vs for that he was found among them But he profiting in learning turned Among vs into Magnus and was famous by that name not onely heere but also in forraine places where he was often Ambassadour It were needelesse to note heere againe how many have taken in former times the Christian name of their father with prefixing of Fitz or Filz as Fitz-bugh Fitz-alan Fitz-william or adding of Son as Richardson Tomson Iohnson c. and so altered their Surnames if they had any Whereas divers ancient Gentlemen of England do beare Coates of Armes which by old roules and good proofes are knowne to belong to other names and families and cannot make proofe that they matched with those families it is worth observation considering how religious they were in elder times in keeping their owne Armes whether they were not of those ancient houses whose Armes they beare and have changed their names in respect of their habitation or partitions and lands gotten by their wives As Pickering of the North beareth Ermin a Lion rampant Azure crowned Or which as it is in the old Abby booke of Furnesse was the coat of Roger de Miythâ—rp In the same booke the coate of Dacrâ— Gules 3. Escalâ—pes Arg. is the coate of R. Gerâ—â—th of Cumberland and so the three pillowes Ermin of Redman of Northumberland is the coate of Ran. de Greystock So Vfford E. of Suffolk and Peitâ—n Fetiplace and Hide and many other Gentlemen of the same Armes may seeme to haue beene of the same stocke and to haue varied their names in diuers respects Finally among the common people which sway all in names many Surnames haue bene changed in respect of occupations and not a few have beene changed in respect of masters for in every place we see the youth very commonly called by the names of their ocupations as Iohn Baker Thomas Taylor Will Butcher Dic Barber and many by their masters names as Iohn Pickering Thomas Watkins Nicholas French whenas they served maisters of those names which often were conveyed to their posteritie and their owne Surnames altogether forgotten Some other causes of alteration of names may be found as for crimes committed when men have beene enforced to leave their countries But heereby it may be vnderstood that an Alias or double name cannot preiudice the honest and it is knowne that when Iudge Catiline tooke exception at one in this respect saying that no honest man had a double name came in with an Alias The party asked him what exception his Lordship could take to Iesus Christ Alias Iesus of Nazareth I doubt not but some men among vs in changing their names do imitate olde Goffer Simon the Cobbler in Lucian who when he grew fat in the purse would needes be called for Goodman Siâ—â—on Master Simonides as some women do follow the good Greeke wench Melissarton that is Pretty honny-Bee who when of a Commediant shee became a wealthy mans wife would be saluted Madam Pithias or Prudence And some likewise can change themselves from shee to hee and consequeetly their name as Cenis the wench into Ceneus the yong man as you may see in Ovid. Among the alteration of 〈…〉 how Kings of Armes 〈◊〉 and 〈◊〉 are new named with a bole of wine powred vpon their heads by the Prince or Earle Marshall when they are invested and the Kings crowned as Garter Clerenceux Nâ—rrey Lâ—â—caster Yorke Richmond Somerset c. which is as ancient as the time of King Edward the third For we reade that when newes was brought him at Windsor by a Pursuvant of the victory at the battell of Auroy hee bountifully rewarded him and immediately created him Herold by the name of Windsor Heere might I note that women with vs at their marriage do change their surnames and passe into their husbands names and iustly for that then Non sunt duâ— sed carâ— vna And yet in Fraunce and the Netherlands the better sort of women will still retaine their owne name with their husbands as if Mary daughter of Villevill be married to A. Vavin she will write herselfe Mary Vavin Ville vill But I feare husbands will not like this note for that some of their dames may be ambitiously over-pert and too-too forward to imitate it Beside these former alterations the tyran Time which hath swallowed many names hath also in vse of speach changed more by contrâ—cting syncopating cuâ—telling and mollifying them as beside them before mentioned Adrâ—â—y is now turned into Darcy Aldethelight into Awdley Sabrigworth into Sapsford Sitsil into Cecil Mountâ—â—y into Mungey Dunevet into Knevet if you belâ—eve Leland Grâ—vile into Greenefeild Haverington into Harrington Bourgchier into Bowcer Le Daiâ—erell into Dairell Ravensford into Rainsford Mohune into Moone Danvers into Davers Gernegan into Ierningham Cahâ—rs into Chaworth Dinâ—â—t into Dinham Wooderington into Witherington Estlegh into Astâ—y Turbervile into Troublefeild De Oileiâ— into Dâ—iley Pâ—gli into Polye De Alanson into Dalison Purefoy into Purfrey Cavendâ—sh into Candâ—sh Veinour into Fenner Harecourt into Harcot Sanctpaul into Sampol Fortesen into Fâ—skâ— Ferrers 〈…〉 Culwen into Curwen Pâ—â—tevin into Petsin Berenger into Beâ—ger Montacute into Montague Gerâ—â—us into Garnish Pulâ—â—ston into Pâ—ston Cholmondley into Cholmley Grosvenour into Gravener Meisuilwarin into Manwaring after into Manâ—ering Fitz-Gerard into Garret Okâ—ver into Oker Vvedale into Vdall Damprecourt first into Dabrigâ—court now into Dabscot Leventhrop into Lenthrop Wilburnhame into Willbram Aâ—kow from Ascouth and that from the old Christian name Ascuith which in Latine was Hasculphus and Hastulphus that is Speedy helpe c. It may not seem from this purpose if I here set down compare a few names of ancient good families as they are written in old Latine Records and histories with them now in vse whereof many are as it were so transformed in common pronunciation from the originall as they will scantly seeme to have beene the same ASHE De Fraxiâ—is BELLEVV De Bella aqua BEAVFOE De Bella fago BOYS De Boscâ— BEAVPRE ` De Bello prato BOVRCHIER De Burgo chare onely once BEAVMONT De Bello-monte BEAVCHAMP De Bello-campo BLOVNT Flavus sometimes BOVVES De Arcubus BOVIL De Bovis Villa CHAVVORTH De Cadurcis CHENEY De Casineto and De Querceto CHAMPAIGNE De Campania CANTLOVV De Cantelupo CHAVVMOND De Calvo Montâ— CHAMPFLOVR De Campo-floridâ— CAPELL De Capella CREVECVRE De Crepito corde CHAMPâ—RNOVN De 〈…〉 D'EVREVX De Ebrâ—iâ—is D'AVTRâ—Y De Altaripa D'AVNEY De Alâ—eto D'AVBENEY De Albeneie FRESHMERSH De Frisco-Marisco FERRERS De Ferrarijs HVSSEY De Hosato Hosatuâ— LORTY De
lieth such addition should be to the name of the Defendant to shew his estate mysterie and place where he dwelleth and that such Writts shall abate if they have not such additions if the Defendant do take exception thereat they shall not abate by the office of the court Also Duke Marquesse Earle or Knight be none of that addition but names of dignitie which should have beene given before the statute Aud this was ordained by the sayde statnte made in the first yeare of king Henry the seaventh chap. 5. to the intent that one man may not be grieved or troubled by the vtlary of an other but that by reason of the certaine addition every man might be certainely knowne and beare his owne burden How the names of them which for capitall crimes against Maiestie were creazed out of the publike Records Tables and Registers or forbidden to be borne by their posteritie when their memory was damned I could shew at large but this and such like with Misnomer in our lawes and other Quidities I leave to the professours of lawes Somewhat might be said here of the adjuncts to names or titles which in most antient times were â—â—ther none or most simple For Augustus was impatient to be called Dominâ—â—â— yet Domitian liked well to be called Dom â—nus Deusque and Dominus was taken vp by everie private man as appeereth by Seneca and the poore Graecian which refused that title by alluding 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Nevertheles it was never vsed by the Emperors from Domitian to Dioclesianus as Victor noteth but afterward it was continued by the Christian Emperors yea vpon their Coines And that which is more strange they vsed then as appeareth in the Constitutions for themselves Aeternitat nostra Perennitas nostra Numen nostrum and to their principall officers Vir illustriâ— Viâ—â—spectabilis Magnifica cellitudo Sublimis magnitâ—do tua Illustris magnificentia Sublimâ—tas Miranda sublimitas Eminentia tua Excellentia tua Praecelsa magnificentia tua c. As appeareth in the Volumes of the Civill Lawe So as I know not whâ—e that Spite king Buchanan should envy lesser titles to Princes the verie Tipes of Gods maiestie yea verie Gods in earth and brand them with the marke of Sericâ—â—â— nebulones which honour Princes therewith The Romans vnder the latter Emperours had a verie curious and carefull observation in giving titles to men of reputation which as I have read were onely five Illustris was the highest appropriated to the Praefecti Praetorio of Italy and Gallia the Prafectus of the Cittie of Rome Magister Equitum Magister Peditum Quaestor Palatij Comes Largitania c. and all that had voice in the Senate Spectabilâ—â— was the second 〈◊〉 due to the Lievtenants generall and 〈◊〉 of Provinces c. So in Notitia Provinciarum Vicarius Britanniarum Comes Littoris Saxonici per Britanniâ—â— Dux Britanniae are stâ—â—ed Viri spectabiles Clarissimus was the third title peculiar onelie to the Consulares Correctores and Praesides of Provinces Perfectissimus was the fourth Egregius the fift And as Clarissimus was a title to those great officers above specified so no other could have that as neither of Perfectissimus and Egregius but graunted by Patents And in that age as it is in the Code of Theodosius Titulo Vt Dignitatem ordo servetur Si quis indebitum sibi locum vsurpaverit nulla seignoratione defendat sitque planè sacrilegij reus Amongst vs the Kings had these adiuncts when they were written and spoken vnto Gloriosus Gloriosissimus Pracellentissimus Charissimus Dominus Rex illustris lately Potentissimus Invictissimus Serenissimus Our â—ege Lord Our Soveraigne Our Dread Soveraigne c. As for Grace it beganne about the time of Henry the fourth Excellent Grace vnder Henry the sixt High and mighty Prince vnder Edward the fourth And Maiestie which first beganne to the Roman Emperours about the time of Gallienus came hither in the time of King Henry the eight as Sacred Maiestie lately in our memory Whereas among Christians it was appliâ—ble onely in former ages to God as among the old Romans to the Goddesse Maiestie the daughter of Honour and Reverence Among other men in former ages Dâ—n corrupted from Dominus was the greatest attribute both to Spiâ—ituall and Temporall and afterward Worshipfull and Right Worshipfull hath been thought convenient among vs for the great Dukes and Faâ—les but wee nowe beginne so to overlade men with additions as Spaniardes did lately vntill they were restrained by the Pragmaticall 1586. At which time Pasquil at Rome being demanded why Philip of Spaine had so taken away all titles from all sortes of men aunswered merrily albeit not religiously That it may be verified of him which is saide Tu solus Doâ—â—inus tu solus altissimus in respect of his voluminous long Title which will â—iâ—e the Reader Thus farre had I proceeded in names when it was hie time to stay for I am advertised that there is one which by Arte Trochilick will drawe all English surnames of the best families out of the pitte of Poetrie as Bourchier from Busyris the tyrant of Aegypt Percy from flying Perseus Darcy from Dircaus Apollo Lee from Laetus turned into a Swanne in Ovid Iakeson from Iason well hee may satisfie them herein whom I cannot As for my selfe I acknowledge that I cannot satisfie neither them nor my selfe in all particularities and well therefore I doe like hâ—m that said He dooth not teach well which teacheth all leaving nothing to subtill wittes to sift out And sure I am scrupulous Diligence lieth open to Envie But for such as wil not be content with that which is said I wish sir Iohn de Bilbao would coniure vp William Ockam the father of the Nominalles as Appion did Homer for their better satisfaction heerein Meane while I desire no man will take offence at any thing heere spoken when as I have beene so farre from giving offence that I dare protest it in that solemne auntient forme Superos Sydera testor Hating it in others and condemning it in my selfe even vnto the bottomles pitt of hell Allusions I Will now present vnto you a few extracts out of names I feare you will call them foolish foppeâ—â—es but call them what you please I hope a little folly may be pardonable in this our so wise an age Out of Names the busie wit of man continually working hath wrought vpon liking or dislike Allusions very common in all ages and among all men Rebus 〈…〉 ages both with learned and vnlearned and Anagrammeâ— though long since invented yet rare in this our refined times In all which I will briefly shew our Nation hath beene no lesse pregnant then those Southerne which presume of wits in respect of 〈◊〉 Afterward somewhat shall be said of Armes which as silent names distinguish families An Allusion is as it were a dâ—lliance or playing with words like in sound vnlike in sence by changing adding or substracting a
his learning great Grandfather to the honourable Charles now Earle of Denshire who is no lesse famous for his vertue and hereditary love of learning when hee was the Queenes Chamberlaine in an Epistle to Erasmus called king Henry the eight Octavius for Octavus resembling him thereby to Octavius Augustus the onely mirror of Princely vertues Lady Iane Grey daughter to the Duke of Suffolke who payde the pâ—â—ce of others ambition with her bloud for her excellency in the Greeke tongue was called for Greia Graia and this made to her honour in that respect Miraris Ianam Craio sermone valere Quo nata est primùm tempore Crata fuit When the duke of Buckingham was put to death by the practise of cardinall Wolsey a Butchers sonne the Emperour Charles the fift saide It was great pitty that so faire and goodly a Bucke should be woried to death by a Buchers curre alluding either to the name of Buckingham or to a Bucke which was a badge of honour to that familie Domingo a Spaniard in the time of Queene Mary offended with an Englishman that called him Domingus tolde him hee was Dominicuâ— but hee was I assure you more highly offended when hee after for Dominicus called him Dâ—moniacuâ— In the beginning of her late Maiesties raigne one alluded to her name Elisabetha with Illasa-Beata that is Safe without hurt and happy The sense whereof as the Almightie by his fatherly mercy performed in her person so shee by her motherly providence vnder God effected in this realme in blisfull peace and plenty whereas contrariwise other conâ—ining Regions have beene overwhelmed with all kinde of miseries The cause whereof one in this last French broyles referred by Allusion to Spania and Mania two Greeke words signifying Panury and Furie but implying therein closely the late King of Spaine and duke du Maine Rebus or Name-devises MAny approoved customes lawes maners fashions and phrases have the English alwayes borrowed of their neighbours the French especially since the time of King Edward the Confessour who resided long in Fraunce and is charged by Historians of his time to have returned from thence wholy Frenchified then by the Norman Conquest which immediately ensued after by the honourable aliances of the Kings of England with the most renowned families yea and with the verie royall house of Fraunce But after that the triumphant victorious king Edward the third had traversed Fraunce with his victories and had planted English colonies in Calice Havres and Guynes our people bordering vpon the pregnant Picardes beganne to admire their fooleries in painted Poesies For whereas a poesie is a speaking picture and a picture a speechlesse Poesie they which lackt wit expresse their conceit in speech did vse to depâ—int it out as it were in pictures which they called Rebus by a Latine name well fitting their devise These were so well liked by our English there and sent hither over the streight of Callice with full saile were so entertained heere although they were most ridiculous by all degrees by the learned and vnlearned that he was no body that coulde not hammer out of his name an invention by this wit-craft and picture it accordingly whereupon who did not busie his braine to hammer his devise out of this forge Sir Thomas Cavall whereas Cavall signifieth an horse engraved a gallopping horse in his scale with 〈◊〉 limping verse Thomae credite cùm cernitis eius equum So Iohn Eagleshead as it seemeth to notifie his name about his Armes as I have seene in an olde Sâ—ale with an Eagles head set downe this Hoc aquila caput est signumque figura Iohannis The Abbot of Ramsey more wisely sette in his Seale a Ramme in the sea with this verse to shew hee was a right ramme Cuius signa gero dux gregis est vt ego William Chaundler Warden of New colledge in Oxford playing with his owne name so filled the hall-windowes with candles and these wordes Fiat lux that hee darkened the hall Whereuppon the Vidam of Charters when hee was there saide It should have bin Fiant tenebrae Did not that amorous Youth mystically expresse his love to Rose Hill whome hee courted when in the border of his painted cloth hee caused to be painted as rudely as he devised grosely a rose an hill an eye a loafe a well that is if you will spell it Rose-Hill I love well You may imagine that Frauncis Cornâ—field did scratch his elbow when hee hadde sweetely invented to signifie his name Saint Francis with his Frierly kowle in a corne-field It may seeme doubtfull whether Bolton Prior of Saint 〈◊〉 In Smithfield was vviser vvhen hee invented for his name a bird bolt through a Tâ—nne or when hee built him an house vppon Harrow Hill for feare of an mundation after a great coniunction in the watry Triplicitie Islip Abbot of Westminster a man most favored by king Henry the seavenâ—h had a quadruple devise for his single name for somewhere hee sâ—tte vppe in his windowes an â—ie with a slip of a tâ—ee other places one slipping boughs in a tree in other places an I wiâ—h the saide slip and in some places one slipping from a tâ—ee with the woorde Islip Whosoever devised for Thomas Earle of Arundell a capitall A in a Rundle wherewith hee decked an house which hee built did thinke I warrant you that hee did the Nobleman great honour No lesse did he 〈◊〉 his invention which for sir Anthony Wingfield devisedâ— Wing with these foure letters F E L D quarterly about it and over the Wing a crosse to shew he was a Christian and on the crosse a red rose to shew that the followed the house of Lancaster Morton Archbishop of Canterbury a man of great wisedome and borne to the vniversall good of this realme was content to vse Mor vppon a Tunne and sometime a Mulbery tree called Morus in Latine out of a Tunne So Luton Thorneton Ashton did notifie their names with a Lute a Thorne an Ash vpon a Tunne So an Haâ—â— on a bottle for Harebottle a Maggot-pie vppon a goate for Pigot an Hare by a sheafe of â—e in the Sunne for Harrison Med written on a calfe for Medcalfe Chester a chest with a Starre over it Allet a Lot Lionel Duckes a Lion with L. on his head whereas it should have beene in his 〈◊〉 If the Lion had beene eating a ducke it had beene a raâ—e devise woorth a duckat or ducke-egge And if you require more I referre you to the witty inventions of some I â—â—doners but that for Garret Dews is most memorable two in agarret casting Dews at dice. This for Rebus may suffice and yet if there were more I thinke some lips would like such kinde of Lettice In parte to excuse them yet some of the greatest Romans were alittle blasted with this fooleriâ— if you so censure it Our great Maister Cicero in a dedication of his to his gods inscribed Marcus 〈◊〉 and that 〈◊〉 pulse lesse than 〈…〉 call I thinke
to stumble with one foot that he almost kissed the ground but with the other legge he recovered himselfe and saved the wine whereat his father Godwyn Earle of Kent who then dined with the King smiling saâ—d Now one brother did helpe another At this word although spoken proverbially the Kings blood beganne to rise thinking how shamefully they had murdered his brother Alfrede and angerly answered And so might my brother have beene a helpe to me if it had pleased you VitaS Edwards The same king Edward passing out of this life commended his wise to the Nobilitie and said That she had carried her selfe as his wife abroad but as his sister or daughter at home Afterward seeing such as were present weeping and lamenting for him he said If you loved me you would for beare weeping and reioyce because I go to my father with whom I shall receive the ioyes promised to the faithfull not through my merits but by the free mercy of my Saviour which sheweth mercy on whom he pleaseth Eilredus Rivallensis Sywarde the martiall Earle of Northumberland feeling in his sicknes that he drew towards his end arose out of his bed and put on hiâ— Armour saying That it became not a valiant man to die lying like a beast and so he gave vp the Ghost standing As valiantly both spoken and performed as it was by Vespasian When the said Siward vnderstood that his sonne whom he had sent in service against the Scottishmen was staine he demaunded whether his wound were in fore part or hinder paâ—t of his body when it was answered in the fore part he replied I am right glad neither wish any other death to me or mine Hen. Huntâ—ngdon In this age when a Bishop living loosely was charged that his conversation was not according to the Apostles lives he made a mocke at it and excusâ—d himselfe with this verse which was after taken vp for a common excuse in that behalfe Nunc aliud tempus aâ—â—j pro tempere mâ—res Anonymus When the fatall period of the Saxon Empire was now complete and battells were marshalled betweene William Duke of Normandy and Harold King of England Girthe Haroldes yonger brother not holding it best to hazard the kingdome of England at one cast signified to the King that the succâ—sse of warre was doubtfull that victory was swayed rather by fortune than by valour that advised delay was most important in Martiall affaires and if so bee brother said he You have plighted your faith to the Duke retyre your selfe for no force can serve against a mans owne conscience God will revenge the violation of an â—the You may reserve your selfe to give them a new encounter which will be more to their terrour As for me if you will commit the charge to me I will performe both the part of a kinde brother and a couragious Leader For being cleare in conscience I shall sell my life or discomfit your enemy with more felicitie But the King not liking his speech answered I will never turne my backe with dishonour to the Norman neither can I in any sort disgest the reproach of a base minde Wel then be it so said some discontented of the company let him beare the brunt that hath given the occasion Anonymus VVIlliam Conquerour when he invaded this Iland chanced at his arrivall to be graveled and one of his feete stacke so fast in the sand that he fell to the ground Wherewithall one of his attendants caught him by the arme and helped him vp saying Stand vp my â—iege Lord and be of good cheare for now you have taken fast footing in England and then espying that he brought vp sand and earth in his hand added Yea and you have taken livery and seisin of the Country For you know that in delivering of livery and seisin a peece of the earth is taken Hist Normanica A Wizard or a Wise-man as they then called them had fore-told William that he should safely arrive an England with his whole Armie without any impeachment of Harold the which after it came it passe the King sent for the Wizard to conferre further with him But when it was told him that he was drowned in that ship which onely of all the whole fleete miscarried The Conquerour said He would never make account of that science that profited more the ignorant then the skilfull therein for he could fore-see my good fortune but not his owne mishap Idem That morning that he was to ioyne battell with Harold his atmorer put on his backe-peece before and his breast-plate behinde the which being espied by some that stood by was taken on them for an ill token and therefore advised him not to fight that day to whom the Duke answered I force not of such fooleries but if I have any skill 〈◊〉 South-saying as in sooth I have none it doth prognosticate that I shall change copie from a Duke to a King Idem Magike in the time of Nerâ— was discovered to be but a vanitie in the declining state of the Roman Empire accounted by the Gentiles a verity in the time of Hildebrand if we beleeve Authors so approoved that it was commonly practised For as in the time of Valeâ—s divers curious men as hath beene said by the falling of a ring Magically prepared vpon the letters 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 iudged that one Theodorus should succeede in the Empire when indeede Theodosius did So when Hildebrand was Pope by like curiosities it was found that Odo should succcede Wherevppon Odo Earle of Kent and Bishop of Bayeux brother to king William the Conquerour devoured the Papacy in hope sent mony his perswading messengers to Rome perchased a pallace there and prepared thitherward when king William for his presumption and other his misdemenours staied him and committed him saying Offensive foole-hardines must be timely restrained Liber Cadomensis When the same Odâ— who was both Bishop of Baiâ—ux in Normandy and Earle of Kent in former time had so disloyally carried himselfe against king William the Conquerour that he complained of him to his Lords Lanfranc Archbishop of Canterbury advised the King to commit him But what say youâ— quoth the King whenas he is a Clergyman You may not saide he commit the Bishop of Baieux but you may well 〈◊〉 the Earle of Kent W Malmsbur Like vnto this was that distinction of Piramus Secretary to Charles the fift in late yeares when Pope Iulius the second did combine with the French king against the Emperour of the Popes honesty and Iulius dishonesty This King William by reason of sickenes kept his chamber a long time whereat the French King scoffing saide The King of England heth long in childe-bed Which when it was reported vnto King William hee aunswered When I am churched there shal be a thousand lights in France alluding to the lights that women vsed to beare when they were churched and that hee performed within few dayes after wasting the French frontires with fire and sword The
backe vnto his flocke Whereuppon the King sent vnto the Pope the armour that he was taken in and willed his Ambassadour to vse the words of Iacobs sonnes vnto their father when they had solde away their brother Ioseph Hanc invenimus vide vtrum tunica filij tui sit an 〈◊〉 This wee found see whether it be the coate of thy sonne or no. Nay quoth the Pope it is not the coate of my sonne nor of my brother but some impe of Mars and let him procure his deliverie of he will for I wil be no meane for him When the French king and king Richard the first beganne to parlee of peace his brother Iohn who had falsely and vnnaturally revolted vnto the French king fearing himselfe came in of his owne accord and suppliantly besought Richard brotherly to pardon his manifolde offences that he had vnbrotherly committed against him hee rehersed the straight league of brotherly piety he recounted the many merits of his brother he bewailed with teares that hitherto he had beene vnmindefull of them as an vnnaturall and vnthankefull person Finally that hee dooth live and shall live hee dooth acknowledge that hee hath received it at his handes The king being mollified with this humble submission saide God graunt that I may as easily forget your offences as you may remember wherein you have offended IN the wofull warres with the Barons when king Iohn was viewing of the Castle of Rochester held against him by the Earle of Arundel he was espied by a very good Arcubalister who tolde the Earle thereof and saide that hee would soone dispatch the cruell tyrant if he would but say the word God forbid vile varlet quoth the Earle that we should procure the death of the holy one of God What saide the souldier he would not spare you if hee had you at the like advantage No matter for that quoth the Earle Gods good wil be done and be wil dispose and not the King Math Paris When one about him shewed him where a noble man that had rebelliously borne armes against him lay verie honourably intoombed and advised the king to deface the monument he said No no but I would al the rest of mine enemies were as honourably buried Idem When diverse Greekes came hither and offered to proove that there were cettaine â—rrours in the Church of England at that time hee reiected them saying I will not suffer our faith established to be called in question with doubtful disputations Fragm antiquum aeditum à P. Pithaeo Yet when the saide king Iohn sawe a fatie Bucke haunched he saide to the standers by See how faire and fatte this Buâ—ke is and yet hee never heard Masse all his life long But this may be forged to his disgrace by the envious Math. Paris IN a solemne conference betweene king Henry the third of England and Saint Lewes king of France the onely devout kings of that age when the French king saide He had rather heare Sermons than heare Masses Our king replied which some will smile at now but according to the learning of that time That he had rather see his loving friend meaning the reall presence in the Sacrament than to heare never so much good of him by others in sermons This I note because it was then thought facetious which I doubt not but some wil now condemne as superstitious Gâ—â—l Rishanger Pecham that Opticall Archbishop of Canterbury who writte Perspectiva Communis when Pope Gregorie the tenth who had created him Archbishop commaunded him to pay foure thousand markes within foure moneths vnder paine of excommunication hee that came vnto the See then deepely indebted saide Beholde you have created me and as a creature doth desire to be perfected by his creator so I doe in my oppressions flie vnto your Holmesse to be recreated Archiep. Cantuar. Sewall Archbishop of Yorke much agrieved with some practises of the Popes collectors in England tooke all patiently and saide I will not with Chaâ— discover the nakednes of my father but cover and conceale it with Sem. As Constantine the Great saide that hee would cover the faults of Bishops and Fathers of the Church with his Imperiall robe Mat. Paris Pope Innocentius the fourth when he offered the kingdome of Sicil and Naples to Richard Earle of Cornewall with many impossible conditions You might as well say de the Earles Agent at Rome say to my Lord and Maister I sell or give you the Moone climbe vp catch is and take it Anonymus qui incipit Rex Pictorum Alexander successor to Innocentius sent vnto the saide Earle Richard to borrow a great masse of money but the Earle answered I wil not lend to my superior uppon whome I cannot distraine for the debts This Richard is reported by the saide Author to have had so great treasure that hee was able to dispend for tenne yeeres an hundred markes a day which according to the Standard of that time was no small summe Idem In the raigne of king Henry a Bishop of London stoâ—â—ly withstoode the Popes Nunciâ— that would have levied exactions of the Cleargie Whereupon the Nâ—â—ciâ— complained vnto the king who shortly menaced the Bishop and tolde him he would cause the Pope to plucke his peacockes toile but the Bishop boldely answered the King that the Pope and he being too strong for him might bereave him of his bishoprick by might but never by right and that although they tooke away his Mitre yet they would leave him his Helmet Lib. Cantuar. Wicked rather than wittie is that of a Deane high treasurer of England that had demeaned himselfe so well in his office that when he died he made this wicked will I bequeathe all my goodes and possessions vnto my liege Lords the King my body to the earth and my soule to the divell Idem VVHen Edward the first heard of the death of his onely sonne hee tooke it grievously as a father but patiently as a wise man But when hee vnderstoode shortely after of the departure of his father king Henry the third he was wholy deiected and comfortlesses whereat when Charles king of Sicile with whome he then soiourned in his returne from the holy land greatly marvelled He satisfied him with this God may send more sonnes but the death of a father is irrecoverable Waâ—singham This is that king Edward the first who as in lineaments of body he surpassed all his people being like Saul higher than any of them so in prudence conioyned with valour and industry he excelled all our Princes giving ther by sure ankerholde to the governement of this realme waving vp and downe before most vncertainely Which hee effected not so much by establishing good lawes as by giving life vnto his lawes by due execution And as my Author saith Iudices potissimùm iudicans quos constituit indices aliorum Who addeth also this of him Nemâ— in consilijs illo argutior in eloquâ—â— torrentiâ—r in periculis socurior in prosperis â—â—utiâ—r in adversis
constantiâ—r Commendatie lamentabilis in transiâ—n Regis Edw priâ—â— Whereas the kings of England before his time vsed to weare their Crowne vpon all solemne feast dayes he first omitted that custome saying merrily That Crownes doe rather â—nerate than honour Princes Idem tractatus When a simple religious man seeing him meanely attired wondering thereat asked him why hee beeing so potent a Prince ware so simple a sute he answered Father Father you know how God regardeth garments What can I doe more in royall robes than in this my gabbardine Idem When the Cleargie pretending a discharge by a 〈◊〉 lately made at the Councell held at Lyons in Fraâ—â—â— would contribute nothing to the temporall necessities of King Edward hee saide vnto them in parliament Seeing you doe refuse to helpe me I will also refuse to help you c. If you deny to pay tribute to me as vnto your Prince I will refuse to protect you as my subiects and therefore if you be spoyled robbed maiâ—â—ed and nurthered seeke for no succourner defence of me or mine The Pope sent an Iniunction vnto the same Edward the which was delivered vnto him in one of his iornies against the fautors of Iohn Balleal king of Scotland the tenour of it was that he should surcease to disquiet the Scottes which were an exempt nation and properly appertaining to the Roman Chappell wherefore the citty of Ierusalem could not but defend her Cittizens and helpe them that did trust in the Lord like mount Siâ—â— Hee hadde no sooner read it but rapping out an othe saide I will not holde my peace for Syon nor Ierusalems rest as long as there is breath in my bodie but wil prosecute my iust right knowne vnto all the world and defend is to the death Tho Walsing ham When Iohn Earle of Athâ—ll nobly descended who had with other murthered Iohn Coâ—â—in was apprehended by king Edward the first and some intreated for him The king answered The higher his calling is the greater must his fall be and as he is of higher parentage so he shal be the higher hanged which accordingly was performed for he was hanged on a gallowes fiftie foote high Florilegus Whenas in siege of the Castle of Strivelin in Scotland king Edward the first by his over-forwardnesse was often endaungered some advised him to have more regarde to his person hee aunswered them with that of David in the Psalme A thousand shall fall as my fide and tenne thousand at my right hand but it shall not come neere me Florilegus When the learned Lawyers of the realme were consulted in a cause by him and after long consultation did not satisfie him hee saide as kings impatient of delayes may be bolde with their Lawyers My Lawyers are long advising and never advised Florilegus As for other speeches of his I wittingly and willingly overpasse Eleanor wife to king Edward the first a most vertuous and wise woman when hee tooke his long and dangerous voyage into the holy land would not be disswaded to tarrie at home but woulde needes accompany him saying Nothing must part them whome God hath ioyned and the way to heaven is as neare in the holy land if not nearer as in England or Spaine This worthy Queene maketh mee remember Eubulus a scoffing Comicall Greeke Poet which curseth himselfe if ever hee opened his mouth against women inferring albeit Medea were wicked yet Penelope was peerelesse if Clytemnestra were naught yet Alcestes was passing good if Phâ—dra were damnable yet there was an other laudable But heere saith he I am at a stand of good women I finde not one more but of the wicked I remember thousandes Beshrew this scoffer yee good wives all and let his curse fall vpon him for of your kinde may many a million bee found yea of your owne country and that I may reserve other to a fitter place I will shew vnto you a rare example in this Queene of England a most loving and kinde wife out of Rodericus Sanctius not mentioned by our Historians When king Edward the first was in the holy land hee was stabbed with a poysoned dagger by a Sarazen and through the rancor of the poyson the wound was iudged incurable by his Physitions This good Queene Eleanor his wife who had accompanied him in that iourney endangering her owne life in loving affection saved his life and eternized her owne honour For she daily and nightly sucked out the ranke poyson which love made sweete to her and thereby effected that which no Arte durst attempt to his safety her ioy and the comfort of all England So that well woorthy was shee to be remembred by those Grosses as monuments which in steade of Statues were erected by her husband to hir honour at Lincolne Grâ—â—tham Stanford Goddington Northampton Stâ—â—y Straford Dunstaple Saint Albanes Waltham and Westminster called Charing crosse all adorned with her Armes of Castile Leon and Pontive Robert Winchelsey the Archbishop of Canterbury was banished by king Edward the first but afterward restored againe by him and all the rents that had beene sequestred during his absence repayed him whereby he became the richest Archbishop that had been in that feate before him Wherefore often recording his troubles hee woulde say Adversitie never burteth where no uniquity over-ruleâ—â— Liber Cantuar. William de March Lord Treasourer vnto king Edward the first caused all the treasure throughout all the land that was layed vppe in the Monasteries and Churches to be at one iustant violently taken away by military men saying It is better that money should be mooving and according to the name be currant and goe abroad to the vse of the people than resting in chests without fruits and occupation concurring in this last poynt with a Maxime of the Vsurers hall Of king Edward the second I finde nothing memorable but that which griefe and great indignitie wreasted from him when Corney and his rascall rabblements after his deposition would needes shave him on the way lest he should be knowne and rescewed They enforced him to sit downe vpon a mole hil and the knave Barber insulting told him that cold water taken out of the next ditch should serve for his trimming at that time Hee answered Whether you will or no there shall be warme water and therewithall hee shedding teares plentifully verified his words Thom de la More After the battell of Poitiers 〈◊〉 Lorde Audley was brought to the Blacke Prince in a Litter most grievously wounded for hee had carried himselfe most valiantly that day To whome the Prince with due commendations gave for his good service foure hundred markes of yeerely revenews The which hee returning to his tent gave as franckely to his foure Esquiers that attended him in the battell whereof when the Prince was advertised doubting that his gift was contemned as too little for so great good service the Lord Audley satisfied him with this answer I must doe for them who deserved best of me These my Esquiers saved my life
Burgundian that it wholy alienated his minde from the English to their great losse in all the French warres following Paulus Aemilius Lib. 10. Iohn Lorde Talbot first Earle of Shrewsbury of that familie supprised vppon the sodaine by the French army at Chastilion farre from cowardly fâ—are of death and fatherly affected to his sonne the Lorde â—isle who woulde not forsake him in that danger advised him to fâ—le saying My death in respect of my former exploites can not be but honourable and in respect of thy youth neither can it be honourable for thee to die nor dishonourable to fâ—ie But this yong Lord in height of courage nothing degenerating from so worthy a father lost his life with his father in the field and with them a base sonne and a sonne in lawe of the sayde Earles Paulus Aemilius Lib. 10. Commentarij Pij PP 2. Lib. 6. After this battell when the flames of inward warre beganne to flash out in England the martiall men of England were called home out of Fraunce to maintaine the factions heere at which time a French Captaine scoffingly asked an English-man when they woulde returne againe into Fraunce He answered feelingly and vpon a true ground When your sinnes shal be greater and more grievous in the sight of God than ours are now ¶ Vntill this time from the beginning of King Edward the first which was about an hundred and sixtie yeeres whosoever will with a marking eie consider the comportment of the English Nation the concurrent of martiall men their Councells military discipline designs actions and exploites not onely out of our owne Writers but also forraine Historians cannot but acknowledge that they were men of especiall worth and their prowesse both great and glorious Why afterward it should decay as all other professions which even like plants have their times of beginning or in-rooting their growing vp their flourishing their maturitie and than these fading were a disquisition for the learned Whether it proceedeth from celestiall influence or those Angelles which Plato makes or the Secundei which Trithâ—â—â—ius imagined to have the regiment of the world successively or from the degenerating of numbers into summes which I confesse I vnderstand not being an ignorant in abstruse learning Onely I have read in Paterculus that when either envie or admiration hath given mâ—n an edge to ascend to the highest and when they can ascend no higher after a while they must naturally descend Yet I relie vpon that of Eccclesiastes as I vnderstand it Cuncta fecit bona in tempore suâ— Deus mundum tradidit disputationi eorum vt non inveniat home quod operatus est Deus ab initio vsque ad finem But pardon mee I cannot tell how I have beene by admiration of our Progenitours diverted from my purpose In the yeere of our Lord 1416. when a fifteene hundred English vnder the coÌ„duct of I Beaufort erle of Derset were encompassed betweene the sea and fifteen thousand French The Erle of Arminac generall of the French sent to the Earle advising him to yeelde himselfe but hee answered It is not the manner of the English to yeelde without blowes neither am I so heartlesse that I will deliver my selfe into their handes whom God â—ay deliver into mine And accordingly God gave him the honour of the day to the great confusion of the enemy Walsingham in Ypodigmate VVHen Elizabeth the widow of sir Iohn Gray was a suter vnto King Edward the fourth against whome her husband lost his life for her ioynture the kinde King became also a suter to her vnto her for a nights lodging But she wisely answered him when hee became importunate That as she did account her selfe too base to be his wife so shee did thinke her selfe too good to be his 〈◊〉 When love grew so hote in this K. Edward the fourth that hee would needes marry the saide Elizabeth widow of sir Iohn Grey to the great discontent of his Counsell but especially of his mother who alleaging many reasons to the contrary saide That onely widowhood might be sufficient to restraine him for that it was high disparagement to a King to be dishonoured with bigamy in his first marriage The King merrily aunswered In that shee is a widdow and hath already children by Gods blessed Lady I am a batcheller and have some too and so each of vs hath a proofe that neither of vs are like to be barren And therefore Madam I pray you be content I trust in God she shal bring you forth a yong Prince that shall please you And as for the bigamy let the Bishop hardly lay it in my way when I come to take Orders for I vnderstand it is forbidden to a Priest but I never wist it yet that it was forbidden to a Prince His note love neverthelesse was partable among three other of his Mistresses of whome hee was woont to say The one was the fairest the other the merriest and the third the holiest for she had wholy devoted her selfe to his bedde and her beades When Lewes the eleaventh French King entertained diverse Councellors of king Edward the fourth with large pensions to steede him in England hee sent Peter Cleret one of the maisters of his housholde vnto the Lorde Hastings the Kings Chamberlaine to present him with twoo thousand crownes Which when he had received Petre Cleret did pray him that for his discharge he would make him an acquittance The Lorde Chamberlaine made a great difficultie thereat Then Cleret dooth request him againe that hee would give vnto him onely a letter of three lines for his discharge to the King signifying that hee had received them The Lord Chamberlaine answered Sir that which you say is very reasonable but the gift comes from the goodwill of the King your Maister and not at my request at all If it please you that I shall have it you shall put it within the pocket of my sleeve and you shall have no other acquittance of me For I will never it shal be saide for mee that the Lorde Chamberlaine of the King of England had beene Pentioner to the King of Fraunce Nor that my acquittances shal be found in the Chamber of accompts in Fraunce The aforesâ—id Cleret went away male-content but left his money with him and came to tell his message to his King who was very angry with him But thenceforth the Lord Chamberlaine of England was more esteemed with the French and alwayes payde without acquittance Philippe de Commines KIng Richard the third whose monstrous birth foreshewed his monstrous proceedings for he was born with all his teeth and haire to his shoulders albeit hee lived wickedly yet made good Lawes and when diverse shires of England offered him a benevolence hee refused it saying I know not in what sence I haa rather have your hearts than your money Ioannes Rossus Warwiceusis Iohn Morton then Bishoppe of Elie but afterward of Canterbury being solicited by the Duke of Buckingham then
am blind I haue espâ—ed his malicious vnthankfulnesse the which I could never before perceive when my eâ—e sight was at the best And let my lord Cardinall take heede that his ambition and covetousnesse bring him not into a worse blindnesse then I have and make him fall before he feare At sir Thomas Moore his first comming to the service of King Henrie the eight the King gave him this godly lesson First looke vnto God and after vnto me He would also wish as I have heard of an ancient man of that age that his Councellers would commit simulation dissimulation and partâ—â—litie to the Porters lodge when they came to sit in councell The same King Henrie the eight finding fault with the disagreement of Preachers would often say Some are too stiffe in their olde Mumpsimus and other to busie and curious in their new Sumpsimus Happly borrowing these phrases from that which Master Pace his Secretarie reporteth in his booke De Fructu doctrinae of an old Priest in that age which alwayes read in his Portasse Mumpsimus Domine for Sumsimus whereof when he was admonished he said that he now had vsed Mumplimus thirtie yeares and would not leave his olde Mumpsimus for their new Sumpsimus A noble man of this time in contempt of learning sayd that it was for noble mens sonnes enough to winde their horne and carrie their Hauke faire and to leave studie and learning to the children of mean men To whom the foresaide Richard Pace replied Then you and other noble men must be content that your children may wind their bornes and keepe their Haukes while the children of meane men do manage matters of estate R. Pacaeus De fructu doctrinae Iohn Fisher Bishop of Rochester when the King would have translated him from that poore Bishopricke to a better he refused saying He would not forsake his poore little olde wife with whom he had so long lived Happly thinking of the fifteenth canon of the Nicone Councell and that of the Canonistes Matrimonium inter Episcopum Ecclesiam esse contractum c. There was a Nobleman merry conceited aud â—iotously given that having lately sold a Mannor of an hundred tenements came ruffling into the Court in a new sute saying Am not I a mightie man that beare an hundred houses on my backe Which Cardinall Wolsey hearing said You might have better employed it in paying your debts Indeede my Lord quoth he you say wel for my Lord my father owde my maister your father three half pence for a Calfs head hold here is two pence for it As Skelton iested at the Cardinal that he was descended of Sanguilâ—er hee was cast out of a Butchers stall for his father was a Butcher of Ipswich When Stephen Cardiner was advaunced vnto the Bishopricke of Winchester and sent over as Ambassadour into Fraunce with great pompâ—â— hee saide vnto an old acquaintance of his that came to take his leave of him Nowe I am in 〈◊〉 Gloria Patri Yea saide his friend and I hope â—t nunc semper Or replied the Bishop if it please the king my maister Sicut erat in principio A poore Scholler of Cambridge againe When sir Thomas Moore was Speaker of the Parliament with his wisâ—dome and eloquence hee so crossed a purpose of Cardinall Wolsey that the Cardinall in a chafe sent for him 〈◊〉 White-Hall where when he had daunced attendaunce long at length the Cardinall comming out saide in the presence of many Maister Moore I woulde you had beene at Rome when you were made Speaker of the Parliament house Hee immediately replied And if it pleased your Grace so would I for then I should have seene a famous Cittie whereof I have heard much but never sawe Vita Tho Mori impressa The same cardinal at a ful Counsel table when sir Thâ— Moore was first made privie Counseller moved that there might be a Lievteuant generall of the Realme chosen for certaine considerations and the body of the Counsell inclined thereunto Sir Thomas Moore opposed himselfe Whereuppon the Cardinall in a chafe saide Are not you ashamed who are the meanest man heere to dissent from so many honourable and wise personages you proove your selfe a plaine foole Whereunto maister Moore foorthwith aunswered Thankes be to God that the Kings maiestie hath but one foole in his right honourable Counsell Idem When hee was Lorde Chauncellour hee inioyned a Gentleman to pay a good round summe of money vnto a poore widdowe whome he had oppressed and the Gentleman saide Then I doe hope your Lordeship will give mee a good long day to pay it You shall have your request saide sir Thomas Munday next is Saint Barnabas day the longest day in all the yeere pay her mee then or else you shall kisse the Fleete When hee had no lust to growe greatly vpward in the worlde neyther would labour for office of authoritie and over that forsake a right worshipfull roome when it was offered him his wife fell in hand with him and asked him What will you do that you list not to put foorth your selfe as others doe Will you sit still by the fire and make goselings in the ashes with a sticke as children doe Woulde God I were a man and looke what I would doe What By God goe forward with the best for as my mother was wont to say It is ever more better to rule than to be ruled and therefore I warrant you I would not be so foolish to be ruled where I might rule By my trueth wife quoth he I dare say you say trueth for I never found you willing to be ruled yet He vsed when hee was Lord Chauncellor vpon every Sonday when he was at home to sitte in the Quire in his surplice and sing the Service and being one day espied in that attire by the Duke of Norffolke The Duke beganne to chafe crying Fie fie my Lorde the Lord Chauncellour of England a parish priest and a paltrie singing man you dishonour the King you dishonour the King No my Lord quoth sir Thomas it is no shame for the King if his servant serve his Soveraigne and Saviour who is King of kings During the time of his Chancellourship of England he vsed to send his Gentleman-Vsher to his wifes pew after divine service was done to tell her that he was gone but the next Sonday after hee gave vp his Chancellourship of England he came himselfe to her pew and vsed the vsuall words of his Gentleman-Vsher Madame my Lorde is gone His latter wife was a widdow of whom Erasmus writeth that hee was wont to say that shee was nec bella nec puella who as shee was a good huswife so was shee not voyde of the fault that often followeth that vertue somewhat shrewd to her servants Vppon a time sir Thomas found fault with her continuall châ—ding saying if that nothing else would reclame her yet the consideration of the time for it was Lent should restraine her Tush tush my Lord saide
his handes on his mouth and sayde Mouth thou liest And by and by thereupon he sette his handes vpon both his eyes and sayde But eyne quoth hee by the Masse yee lie not a whit When sir Thomas Moore had told one whom hee tearmeth in his Dialogue the Messenger how he might yeerly have seene a myracle done at the Rhodes if he would have gone thither So farre quoth the Messenge nay yet I had rather have Gods blessing to beleeve that I see not then to go so farre for it I am well apaid said sir Thomas thereof for if you had rather beleeve then take the paine of a long pilgrimage you will never be so stiffe in any opinion that you will put your selfe in ieopardie for pertinacy and stubborne standing by your part Nay Marie said the Messenger I warrant you that I will never be so madde to hold till it waxe too hot for I have such a fond fantasie of mine owne that I had rather shiver and shake for colde in the Summer then be burned in the mids of Winter It happened that a yong Priest verie devoutly in a Procession bare a Candle before the Crosse for lying with a Wench and bare it light all the long way wherein the people tooke such spirituall pleasure and inward solace that they laughed apace And one merrie Marchant sayd vnto the Priests that followed him Sic luceat lux vestra coram hominibus Thus let your light shine before the people But a lewde Priest in later time being reproved of his loose life and told that he and other of the Clergie ought to bee the Lanthornes of light How can we saide the shamelesse Priest be Lanthornes of light when as ye Lay men have all the hornes When a lustie gallant saw a Frier going barefoote in a great frost and snowe hee asked him why hee did take such paine Hee aunswered that it was a verie little paine if a man would remember hell Yea Frier quoth the Gallant but what and if there be no Hell Then arte thou a great foole Yea Maister quoth the Frier but what if there be hell then is mastership much more foole A Frier as he was preaching in the Countrey espied a poore wife of the parish whispering with her Pew-felow and he falling angrie thereat cried out vnto her aloude Holde thy babble I bid thee thou wife in the red hoode which when the huswife heard she waxed as angrie and sodainly she started vp and cried vnto the Frier againe that all the Church rang thereon Mary sir I beshrew his heart that babbleth most of vs both for I do but whisper a word with my neighbour here and thou hast babled there a good large houre King Ladislaus vsed much this maner among his servants when one of them praised any deed of his or any condition in him if he perceyved that they sayde nothing but the truth he would let it passe by vncontrolled But when he saw that they did set a glose vpon it for his praise of their owne making beside then would he shortly say vnto them I pray thee good fellow when thou faist grace never bring in Gloria patri without a Sicut erat Any act that ever I did if thou report it againe to mine honour with a Gloria patri never report it but with a Suut trat That is to wit euen as it was and no otherwise and lift not me vp with lies for I loue it not Frier Donalde preached at Paules Crosse that our Ladie was a virgin and yet at her pilgrimages there was made many a foule meeting And loude cried out Ye men of London gang on your selues with your wiues to Wilsdon in the Divils name or else keepe them at home with you with a sorrow Sir Iohn Moore was wont to compare the choosing of a wife vnto a casuall taking out at all a verie ventures of Eles out of a bagge wherein were twentie Snakes for an Ele. Sir Iohn Fineux sometime chiefe Iustice of the Kings bench was often heard to say Who so taketh from a Iustice the order of his discretion taketh surely from him more than halfe his office Wise was that saying of Doctor Medealfe You yong men do thinke vs olde men to be fooles but we olde men do know that you yong men are fooles Katherine wife to Charles Brandon Duke of Suffolke when her husband at a feast willed everie Ladie to take to sit by hir him that shee loued best prouided hee were not her husband she tooke Stephen Cardiner Bishop of Winchester saying Seeing she might not have him whom she loved best she would take him whom she loved worst KIng Edward the sixt when three swordes were delivered at his coronation vnto him as king of England Fraunce and Ireland sayd There was yet another sworde to be delivered vnto him Whereat when the Lords marvelled he sayd I meane sayd he the sacred Bible which is the sworde of the spirit without which we are nothing neither can do any thing Balaeus in Centurijs When sit Ralfe Fane was condemned to die by the practise of the Duke of Northumberland he said no more protesting his innocencie but My blood shall be the Dukes bolster as long as he liveth Meaning as I thinke that his conscience affrighted with shedding innocent blood shoulde enioy little quiet but passe restlesse nights Relatio Gallica Thirlby Bishop of Elie when he was Ambassador at Rome one of hir men negligently laying downe his liuery cloake in his lodging lost it wherewith the Bishop being angrie rated the fellow roughly who told him that hee suspected nothing in so holy a place as Rome was but did take them all for true men What knaue qvoth the Bishop when thou commest into a strange place thinke all men there to be theeves yet take heede thou doe not call them theeves When hee was prisoner in the Tower he was searched by the Lievetenaunt and five hundred French crownes found in his purse and in his doublet about him whereat when the Lievetenant wondering asked him what hee meant to carry so much money about him hee answered I love to have my friends still neere about mee and can not tell how I should be vsed if I lacked them In the rebellion in the Weast during the raigne of king Edward the sixt sir Anthony Kingston marshall of the field hanged vp a fellow that was servant to a rebellious Miller whome he affirmed himselfe to be vntill hee came vnto the gallowes and then his deniall would not be allowed Afterward the matter being better knowne sir Anthonie was tolde that hee had executed the man for the maister It is well enough quoth sir Anthony hee coulde never have doone his maister better service than have hanged for him THese following are taken out of the life of Cardinall Poole Archbishop of Canterbury written by a learned man and Printed at Venice When one asked counsell of Cardinall Poole what methode and way was best to be taken to
his body was enterred with a gilt image were these sixe excellent verses written in golden letters contayning his greatest and most glorions atchieuementes as his victory against the Sicilians his conquering of Cyprus the sinkinge of the great Galiasse of the Saracens the taking of their Conuoie which in the East partes is called a Caruana and the defending of Ieppe in the holye land against them Scribitur hoc tumulo Rex auree laus tua tota Aurea materiae conueniente notâ Laus tua prima fuit Siculi Cyprus altera Dromo Tertia Caruena quarta suprema Iope Suppressi Siculi Ciprus pessundata Dromo Mersus Caruana capta retenta Iope But sharpe and satyrical was that one verse which by alluding noted his taking the Chalices from Churches for his ransome and place of his death which was called Chaluz Christe tui calicis praedo sit praeda Caluzis Sauaricus Bishop of Bath and Wells a stirring prelate which laboured most for the redeeming King Richard when he was captiue in Austria and is famous in the decretalls lib. 3. tit 9. 0 Nouit ille had this Epitaph for that he was alwayes gadding vp and downe the world and had little rest Hospes erat mundo per mundum semper eundo Sic suprema diès fit sibi prima quies And the like in late yeares was engrauen vpon the monument of Iacobus Triulcio a military man of the same metall as Lodonic Guicciardin reporteth HIC MOR TVVS REQVIESSCIT SEMEL QVI VIVVS REQVIEVIT NVNQVAM But â—imilis Captaine of the guard to Adrian the Emperor when he had passed a most toylesome life after he had retired himselfe from seruice and liued priuatly 7. yeares in the countrie acknowledged that he had liued only them 7. yeares as he caused to be inscribed vpon his monument thus Hic iacet Similis cuius aetas multorum annorum fuit ipse septem duntaxat annos vixit It may be doubted whether Wulgrine the Organist was so good a Musician as Hugh Archdeacon of Yorke was a Poet which made this Epitaph for him Te Wulgrine cadente cadunt vox organa cantus Et quicquid gratum gratia vocis habet Voce lira modulis Syrenes Orphea Phoebum Vnus tres poteras aequiperare tribus Si tamen illorum non fallet fama locorum Quod fueras nobis hoc eris Eliijs Cantor eris qui cantor eras hic charus et illî Orpheus alter eras Orpheus alter eris Vpon one Peter a religious man of this age I found this Petra capit Petri cineres animam Petra Christus Sic sibi diuisit vtraque petra Petrum Vpon the death of Morgan base sonne of king Henry the 2. was made this Epitaph alluding to his name in that alluding age Larga benigna decens iacet his stirps regia morum Organa Morgano fracta iacente silent In the time of king Henry the third they began to make Epitaphs as they call it now out of Propria quae maribus as some do in our age but among them this was short and good for William Erle of Pembroke and Marshall of England buried in the Temple church Sum quem Saeturnum sibi sensit Hibernia Solem Anglia Mercurium Normannia Gallia Martem And this was not bad for Richard de Clare Erle of Glocestor and Hertford which died Anno 1262. Hic pudor Hippoliti Paridis gena sensus Vlissis Aeneae pietas Hectoris ira iacet I doubt not but this time of Simon Montfort Earle of Leicester slaine at Euesham found fauour in that age as the Earle himselfe who was so followed by the people that he durst confront his soueraigne king Henry the 3. and as the Epitaph doth implie was the peerelesse man of that time for valour personage and wisdome Nunc dantur fato casuque cadunt iterato Simone sublato Mars Paris atque Cato Vpon a gentleman as some thinke named None buried at Wimondham who gaue nothing to the religiÌ„ous there was made this Hîc situs est Nullus quia nullo nullior iste Et quia nullus erat de nullo nil tibi Christe Excellent is this which I found in the booke of Wimondham for Pope Lucius borne at Luca Bishop of Ostia Pope of Rome and dying at Verona Luca dedit lucem tibi Luci Pontificatum Ostia Papatum Roma Verona mori Imo Verona dedit tibi verè viuere Roma Exilium curas Ostia Luca mori If you will see an ould Deane named Hamâ— Sol resembled to the twelue sonnes of olde father Annus which had euery one as Cleobulus was wont to call them thirty daughters some faire some foule all dying and neuer dying read this epitaph Participat mensis dotes cuiuslibet Hamo Circumspectus erat vt Ianus crimina purgans Vt Februus veterana nouans vs Martius ipse Semina producens vt Apâ—ilis flore coruscans Vt Maiuâ— facie plaudens vt Iunius intùs Feruens vt Iulius frugis maturiâ—â— adultae Messor vt Augustus faecundans horrea more Septembris replens vino cellaria more Octobris pâ—stor pecundum sed spiritualis More Nouembris epulator dapsilis instar Omne Decembris habet hiemalis peste quiescens Another playing vpon the name Hamon made this for him Olim piscator hominum quasi pisces ab hamo Mortis captus hamo celebrat conuiuia vitae But witty was this whereas he died in a Leape yeare vpon the leape day accounted so vnhappy a day of the Romans that Valentinian the Emperour durst not peepe out in that day one made this Hamo Decane iaces toto fugit exul ab anno Interitum Solis ausa videre dies Verely he was a man of some good note in that time for I finde another of him alluding also to this leape day Nulla dies anni nisi bisextilis et anni Iudicio damnata sui nec subdita mensi Sed noctis lux instar erat lux nescia lucis Et lux existens inter luces quasi bubo Inter aues huius poterat concludere vitam Solis et humanum genus hac priuare lucerna AlexaÌ„der NechaÌ„ a great learned man of this age as appeareth by his books de diuinae sapientiae laudibus was buried in the cloister at Worcester with this but deserued a better Eclipsim patitur sapientia sol sepelitur Qui dum vinebat studij genus omne vigebat Soluitur in cineres Neccham cui si foret haeres In terris vnus minus esset flebile funus A mery mad maker as they call poets now was he which in the time of K. Henry the 3. made this for Iohn Calf O Deus omnipotens vituli miserere Iohannis Quem mors praeucaiens noluit esse bouem Robert de Courtnâ—y was buried at Ford as appeareth by the register of that place 12 â—2 vnder a stately Piramis who whether he was descenâ—ed from the Earles of Eodessa or from Petre the soÌ„ne of 〈◊〉 the Grosse K. of FraÌ„ce had but this bad inscriptioÌ„ which I insert more for the
Thomas Earle of Surrey father to Thomas late Duke of Norfolk and the right honourable and nobly learned now Earle of Northampton in the time of King Henry the eight first refined our homly English Poesy among many other made this Epitaph comparable with the best for Thomas Clere Esquire his friend and follower buried at Lambeth .1545 Norfolk sprang thee Lambeth holds thee dead Clere of the County of Cleremont though high Within the wombe of Ormondes race thou bread And sawest thy cosin crowned in thy sight Shelton for loue Surrey for Lord thou chase Aye me while life did last that league was tender Tracing whose steps thou sawest Kelsall blaze Laundersey burnt battered Bullen render At Muttrell gates hopeles of all recure Thine Earle halfe dead gaue in thy hand his will Which cause did thee this pining death procure Ere summers seauen times seaven thou couldest fulfill Ah Clere if loue had booted care or cost Heauen had not wonn nor earth so timely lost The Duke of Suffolke and his brother sonnes of Charles Brandon which died of the sweat at Bugden were buried together with this Vna fides viuos coniunxit religio vna Ardor et in studijs vnus et vnus amor Abstulit hos simul vna dies duo corpora iungit Vna vrna ac mentes vnus Olympus habet The Earle of Deuonshire Edward Courtney honorably descended from one of the daughters of King Edward the fourth is buried at Saint Anthonies in Padua with this which I set downe more for his honor then the elegancy of the verse Anglia quem genuit fueratque habitura patronum Corteneum celsa haec continet arâ—a Ducem Credita causa necis regni affectata cupido Reginae optatum tunc quoque connubium Cui regni proceres nou cosensere Philippo Reginam Regi iungere posse rati Europam vnde fuit iuuem peragrare necesse Ex quo mors misero contigit ante diem Anglia si plorat defuncto principe tanto Nil mirum Domino deficit illa pio Sed iam Corteneus caelo fruiturque beatis Cum doleant Angli cum sine fine gemant Cortenei probitas igitur praestantia nomen Dum stabit hoc templum viuanda semper erunt Angliaque hinc etiam stabit stabuntque Britanni Coniugij optati fama perennis eris Improba naturae leges Libitina rescindens Ex aequo iuuenes praecipitatque senes Walter Milles who died for the profession of his faith as some saye made this Epitaph for himselfe Non praua impietas aut actae crimina vitae Armarunt hostes in mea fata truces Sola fides Christi sacris signata libellis Quae vitae causa est est mihi causa necis This man was not so godly as he was impious as it seemeth who was buried in the night without any ceremony vnder the name of Menalcas with this Here lyeth Menalcas as dead as a logge That liued like a deuill died like a dogge Here doth he lye said I then saye I lye For from this place he parted by and by But here he made his discent into hell Without either booke candell or bell This may seeme too sharpe but happily it proceeded from some exulcerated minde as that of Don Petro of Toledo Viceroy of Naples wickedly detorted out of the Scriptures Hic est Qui propter nos nostram salutem descendit ad inferos A merry and wealthy Goldsmith of London in his life time prepared this for his Grauestone which is seene at S. Leonards neere Foster-lane When the Bells be merrilie runge And the Masse deuoutly songe And the meate merrily eaten Then is Robert Traps his wife and children quite forgetten Wherefore Ihesu that of Mary sprong Set their soules the Saints among Though it be vndeserued on their side Let them euermore thy mercy abide Doctor Caius a learned Phisition of Cambridge and a co-founder of Gunwell and Caius colledge hath onely on his monument there FVI CAIVS Which is as good as that great learned man of his profession Iulius Scaliger SCALIGERI QVOD RELIQVVM But that which Cardinall Pole appointed for himselfe is better than both Depositum Poli Cardinalis This ensuing for Sir N. Bacon Lord Keeper of the great Seale is worthy to be read both for the honour of the person who was a most wise Councellour and the rarenesse of Iambique verses in Epitaphes albeit this our age doth delight 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 But as he saith Malos Iambus enecat beat bonos Hic Nicolaum nâ— Baconum conditum Existima illum tam diu Britannici Regni secundum columen exitium malis Bonis asylum caeca quem non extulit Ad hunc honorem sors sed aequitas fides Doctrina pietas vnica prudentia Non morte raptum crede qui vnica Vita perennes emerit duas agit Vitam secundam caelites inter animos Fama implet orbem vita quae illi tertia est Hac positum in arca est corpus olim animi domus Ara dicata sempiternae memoriae W. Lambe a man which deserued well of the citie of London by diuerse charitable deeds framed this for himselfe As I was so be yee As I am yee shall be That I gaue that I haue That I spent that I had Thus I end all my cost That I left that I lost All which Claudius Secundus a Romane contained in these foure words HIC MECVM HABEO OMNIA Shorte and yet a sufficient commendation of M. Sandes was this Margareta Sandes Digna haec luce diuturniore Nisi quod luce meliore digna And answerable thereunto is this for a Gentleman of the same name Who would liue in others breath Fame deceaues the dead mans trust When our names do change by death Sands I was and now am dust Sir Philip Sidney to whose honour I will say no more but that which Maro saide of Marcellus nephew of Augustus Ostendunt terris hunc tantum fata nec vltra esse sinunt which also was answered by the Oracle to Claudius the 2. Emperour of his brother Quintilius hath this most happily imitated out of the French of Mons Boniuet made by Ioach. du Bellay as it was noted by Sir George Buc in his Poetica England Netherland the heauens and the arts The souldiers and the world hath made six parts Of noble Sidney for who will suppose That a small heape of stones can Sidney enclose England had his body for she it fed Netherland his bloud in her defence shed The heauens haue his soule the arts haue his fame The souldiers the griefe the world his good name Vpon the golden Lion rampaut in Gueles of the house of Albenye which the late Earle H. Fitz-Alan bare in his armes as receauing the Earledome of Arundel from the house of Albenye one composed this Epitaph Aureus ille leo reliqui trepidate leones Non in sanguineo nunc stat vt ante solo Nam leo de Iuda vicit victoque pepercit Et
Vale Vale Salue anima nos eo ordine quo natura iusserit sequemur With H. M. H. N. S for Hoc monumentum haeredes non sequitur When they would not haue their heires entombed therein with Rogo per Deos superos inferosque ossa nostra ne violes And most commonly with Sit tibi terra leuis in these notes S. T. T. L. And somtime with Quietem posteri non inuideant But omitting this discourse I will offer vnto your view a Century of choise Epitaphes of our nation for matter and conceit some good some bad that you may see how learning ebbed and flowed most of them recouered from the iniury of time by writers And will beginne with that at Rome as most auncient erected to the memory of a Britanne who after the maner of the time tooke a Romane name M. VLPIO IVSTO Q. SIG. AVG. MILITAVIT AN. XXV VIXIT XLV NATIONE BRITTO â—EC M. VLSIVS RESPECTVS VEH. AVG. AMICO OPTIMO DE SE BENE MERENTI Arthur the valerous vpholder of the ruinous state of Britaine against the Saxons about the yeare 500. was buried secretly at Glastenburie least the enimie should offer indignity to the dead body and about 700. yeares after when a graue was to be made in the Churchyard there a stone was found betweene two Pyramides deepe in the ground with a crosse of lead infixed into the lower part thereof and inscribed in the inner side of the crosse in rude Characters which the Italians now call Gotish letters HIC IACET SEPVLTVS INCLYTVS REX ARTVRIVS IN INSVLA AVALONIA Vnder which in a trough of Oke were found his bones which the Monkes translated into the church and honoured them with a tombe but dishonored him with these horne pipe verses Hic iacet â—rturus flos regum gloria regni Quem morum probitas commendat laude perenni Augustine the first Archbishop of Canterbury who first preached Christ to the English nation conuerted the Kentishmen reuiued Christianity in this Isle which flourished among the Britaines many years before his coÌ„ming was buried at Canterbury in S. Peters Porch with this Epitaph Hic requiescit dominus Augustinus Dorobernensis Archiepiscopus primus qui â—lim huc a beato Gregorio Remanae vrbis pontifice directus a Deo operatione miraculorum suffultus Aethelbertum regem ac gentem illius ab idolorum cultu ad Christi fidem perduxit completis in pace diebus officij sui defunctus est septimo Kalendas Iunias eodem rege regnante In the same place were interred the sixe succeeding Archbishops for whom and Augustin making the seauenth were these verses as coÌ„mon to them all written on the wall with this title as I finde them in Geruasius Dorobernensis Septem primae ecclesiae Anglorum columnae Augustinus Laurentius Mellitus Iustus Honorius Deus-dedit Theodorus Septem sunt Anglis primates protopatres Septem rectores caelo septemque triones Septem cisternae vitae septemque lucernae Et septem palmae regni septemque coronae Septem sunt stellae quas haec tenet area cellae But Theodore the last of the 7. which first taught Greeke in England and died in the yeare 713. had this seuerally inscribed vpon his tombe Scandens alma nouae foelix consortia vitae Ciuibus Angelicis iunctus in arce poli Cedwall King of the West Saxons went to Rome in the yeare 689. there being Baptized renounced the world ended his life and lieth buried with this Epitaph Culmen opes sobolem pollentia regna triumphos Exuuias proceres mania castra lares Quaeque patrum virtus quae congesserat ipse Caedwal armipotens liquit amore Dei With some more which you may see in Paulus Diaconus and Beda King Eadgar surnamed the Peaceable the great patron and fauourer of Monkes deserued well for his foundation of so many Abbayes this Epitaph Autor opum vindex scelerum largitor honorum Sceptriger Eadgarus regna superna petit Hic alter Salomon legum pater orbita pacis Quòd caruit bellis claruit inde magis Templa Deo templis monachos monachis dedit agros Nequitiae lapsum iustitiaeque locum Nouit enim regno verum perquirere falso Immensum modico perpetuumque breui To the honor of King Alfred a godly wise and warlike prince and an especiall aduancer of learning was made this better then that time commonly afforded Nobilitas innata tibi probitatis honorem Armipotens Alfrede dedit probitasque laborem Perpetuumque labor nomen cui mixta dolori Gaudia semper erant spes semper mixta timori Si modò victor eras ad crastina bella pauebas Si modó victus eras in crastina bella parabas Cui vestes sudore iugi cui sica cruore Tincta iugi quantum sit onus regnare probarunt Non fuit immensi quisquam per climata mundi Cui tot in aduersis vel respirare liceret Nec tamen aut ferro contritus ponere ferrum Aut gladio potuit vitae finisse labores Iam post transactos vitae regnique labores Christus ei sit vera quies et vita perennis It is meruailous how immediately after this time learning decayed in this Kingdome for Iohn Erigena alias Scotus fauoured of Charles the Bald King of France and the forsaid King Alfred for his learning when he was stabbed by his schollers at Malmesbury was buried with this rude rough and vnlearned verse Clauditur in tumulo Sanctus Sophista Iohannes Qui ditatus erat iam viuens dogmate miro Martyrio tandem Christi conscendere regnum Quo meritis regnant sancti per secula cuncti And from this time learning so lowe ebbed in England that betweene Thames Trent there was scant one found which could vnderstand Latin and that you may perceiue when as Hugolin Treasurer to King Edward the Confessor had these most sillie verses in grauen vpon his monument in the olde Chapter house of Westminster Qui ruis iniustè capit hic Hugoline locus te Laude pia clares qnia martyribus nece clares But shortly after the Conquest learning reuiued as appeareth by these that follow which were cast in a more learned mould than the former King William surnamed the Conqueror for his conquest of England was buried at Caen in Normandie with this Epitaph discouered in the late ciuill warres of France but mentioned in Gemeticensis Qui rexit rigidos Normannos atque Britannos Audacter vicit fortiter obtinuit Et Caenomanenses virtute contudit enses Imperijque sui legibus applicuit Rex magnus parua iacet his Gulielmus in vrna Sufficit magno paruae domus domino Ter septem gradibus se voluerat atque duobus Virginis in gremio Phoebus et hic obijt Vpon Stigand Archbishop of Canterbury degraded for his corruptioÌ„ I finde this most viperous Epitaph in an olde Manuscript Hic iacet Herodes Herode ferocior huius Inquinat infernum spiritus ossa solum William the Valiant Earle