which as it brought the Citie of Venice to such extremety that it seemed readie to render it selfe to the mercy of the Geneuois so in the ende it was cause by the alteration of fortune that the Geneuois beeing in sundry fights and conflicts on the seas aâ—ter ouerthrowen by the Venetians came to miserable ruine and seruitude for thereby they were enforced to yeelde themselues to the Archbishop of Milane whom they made gouernour of their Citie of Geanes and to sell all their lands and Seigneuries to the communaltie and brotherhood of Saint George which is within their Citie and lastly to submit themselues to the french Kinges protection vnder whose subiection they remained a while vntill hee gaue them to Iohn Duke of Calabre sonne to Reignard King of the realme of Naples vntill they reuoulted to Philippe Duke of Milane whom in the end they forsooke to in such sort as through their inconstancie they did not know well to what good Saint to vow themselues howbeit the greatest mischiefe was that this forenamed warres gaue an vndoubted occasion to the vtter losse of Surie the realme of Hierusalem what was worse then that the same opened to the Turks the gate and entry to Greece and other parts of Europe as heereafter I shall declare all which was about the time that Lewes de Bauiere Frederic of Austrich contended about the obtaining of the Empire of Alemaign The said Orcan reigned two twenty yeres vnto the beginning of the reigne of Iohn the french king which was in the yeere of our Lord God 1350. leauing behinde him his sonne Amurath Amurath whom the Hungarians and the Sclaâ—â—nes doe call Ammarat and the Turkes Moratbeg which is as much to say as the Lord Morat but Frossart supposing to pronounce this name as they doe calleth him Lamorabaquin entred to his dominions when as Catacusan pursued the Emperour his sonne in law through the aide of Marâ— Carlouich the Despot of Bulgaria this word Despot is so much to say in our English tongue as Prince or Lord and the Prouince of Bulgaria is that Country which anciently was named Gaetae and Gepidae This Amurath was secretly fauored among certaine of the Nobility of Grecia whom the Emperor Caloiaun hated who finding that hee was to weake to encounter with the Nobilitie that reuoulted hee was constrained to demaund and require aide of Amurath who forthwith sent him twelue thousand horsemen through whose help when the Emperour had pacified his affaires hee gaue the Turks leaue to returne home But they hauing seene tasted the sweetnesse beautie of the region of Grecia after their returne perswaded as it was easie to doe Amurath to goe in person to inuade Grecia Which he so did who accompanied with threescore thousand men by the help of two great ships of the Geneuois among whom he bestowed a threescore thousand ducats Amurath passed the famous straits called by the ancients Hellespontus and now the straits of Calipoli or the Castells by reason of two castells whereof the one is situated in Asia and the other in Europ wherin ancient time were also the townes of Sestus and Abydos The french doe call these straits Le Bras de Sainct George Saint Georgesarme where the said Amurath wan the towne of Calipoli beeing on this side those straits in Grecia than tooke Adrianople and Philippopoli aunciently called Olympias and so ouerran the Prouince of Romany in times past called Thracia vnto the Mountaine Rhodope which the Greekes doe name 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 the Queene and Lady of those Mountaines which some a so do call the mountaine of Siluer by reason of the mines of siluer that are found in the same and after ouercame in â—attaile the aforenamed Marc Carlouich taking prisoner the Conte Lazaro of Seruia which is Misia Inferior whom Frossart calleth Le Conte â—e Lazaran whose head hee smote off which was when Charles the fourth was letted from resisting the sonnes of the Emperour Lewes of Bauer to deâ—end himselfe against Frederic Marquiz of Misne the Countie of Wittenberg his competiteurs leauing the Empire after him to his sonne Lancelot who sold the Cities and Segneuries of Italy as Milane to the family of the viconts and others In the ende Amurath was slaine by a seruant of the said Conte Lazaro as reuenging the death of his saide Maister the yeere of our Lord God 1373 after that hee had reigned 23 yeeres about the beeginning of the reigne of Charles the fifth the french king and left two sonnes Pasait and Seleyman Pazait or Basait as the Turks doe name him who neuer pronounce this letter P. and called by Frossart le Roy Basant sonne of Lamorabaquin and sometime â—morabaquin according to his fathers name Enguerran Master Nicolâ—â— Gâ—les that collected the Annales of Fraunce call him the king Basaaâ—g This Pazait was hardy diligent and very couragious he sâ—â—wâ—iaâ— battaile Marc Carlouich where with him the whole Nobilitie of Seruia and Bulgaria ended their liues and after did ouerrun the territories of Thessalia and Macedonia now called Thumnestie and Albanie He wasted whole Grecia vnto Athens which at this day is called Cethine and spoiled the territories oâ— Bosna which is called Misia Superior Crocia and Sclauonie that are named aunciently Dalâ—â—tia and Liburnia and this at that time when the Emperour Lancelot sonne of Charles the fourth liued so vertuouslie that his subiects sundry times did enprison him but in the end was deposed by the Alemans who elected at one time two Emperours the one called Ioce Nephew to Lancelot and the other Robert of Bauiere otherwise called Ruebrecht which is interpreted in their Alleman language Trouble Peace But to returne to Bazait who then inuaded Hungary there ouerthrew king Sigismond that afterward was Emperour of Alleman called by the Historiographer Engerrant de Mountralet Sagimont in the renowned battaile of Nicopoli the cause of the losse wherof was for that the french men ther seruing would not bee aduised by the king Sigismond nor frame themselues according to the pollicie of these wars as the Allemans also counsailed them the which Frossart imputeth likewise to the orgulitie and pride of the french where was taken prisoner the Conte of Neuers Iohn who afterward vvas Duke of Burgoign sonne of Philippe the first duke Philip Darthois Conte de Eue constable of Fraunce Iohn le Maingre called Boucicault and sundrie others beeing men of estimation to the number of seauen or eight vvho all vvere sent to Bursie the rest of that nacion vvere slayne to the number of a thousand horsemen This battaile was foughten on Michaelmas euen Anno Domini 1396 and these prisoners vvere after redeemed for no little ran some in expedicion vvherof great dilligence vvas vsed by one Iames Hely a gentleman of Picardie vvho also vvas taken prisoner among them and beefore had serued in the Court of Amorabaquin After this battaile Bazait beesieged the Citie of Constantinople and had wonne it
dominsons vvho if he were like in condicions either to his father Soliman or to his grand father Selymus and Germany to continue in his Intestine and inward contencions and diuisions as it still doth it is to be much fâ—aâ—ed but that it vvould happen to Germany â—vvhich alredy â—ath chaunced to the infortunate countries of Thracia Dacia Maesia and the most part of their vvofull and miserable neighbour the Kingdom of Hungary For it is an assured and very true sayeng that Nulla tam magna tamque firma potentia est quam discordia non comminuat et perdat There is no Kingdome or Power be it neuer so great and mightie vvhich discord and ciuill discencion in it selfe doth not distroy and bring to confusion The end of the third Booke ¶ To the three worshipfull brothers worthy Patrons of vertue and all good Arts Robert Carr William Carr and Edward Carr in the Countie of Lincolne Esquiers Raffe Carr their most affectionate kinsman wisheth all content HAuing Right worthy Gentlemen formerly made knowne to euery of you by such simple remembrances as my power could aford how much I desire dayly studie in perticuler to serue honor you I thought it now not amisse treating of one argument comd of the same kindred deriued from the general obseruations which euery where with profit in these three first bookes are to be gathered thus ioyntly to you all to perticipate this common good For if the vse which euery one ought arightly to make in the reading of Histories be grounded chiefely in the election of taking or leauing the better or worse of such things as by examples are faithfully propounded which vpon occasion should be applied either to the well gouerning of a priuate life or to the inabling of our vnderstanding for counsell in our countries seruice In either part I say I know none of many who haue had these Turkish affaires with the perpetuall felicitie in consideration to whome with more credit a man may giue beleefe then to Hubert Folieta the Genuoys whilst with much wisedome grauitie and discreation he handleth though briefely the causes of the greatnesse of the Turkish Empire to his deere friend the famous Captaine Marcus Antonius Columna A treatise I suppose to euery conceauing man or such whome the care of a common good doth possesse very acceptably This same therfore for the former alleged reasoÌ„s haue I heere annexed so faithfully as I could persuade the nice Italian tongue to speake our proper language To which I haue further added that the occasion of this discourse might the better be apparant the narration of the war of Ciprus held betwixt the Turk and Venetians some xxx yeeres agoe In which their wars the VenetiaÌ„s being excedingly ouerborne notwithstanding that notable victorie obtained by them and their confederates in the Gulfe of Corinth made priuely their peace without knowledge giuen therof either to the Pope or king of spaine who in these wars had ben their associats whilst Marcus Antonius Columna Pope Pius quintus general alwaies in opinion against the same persuaded to his power the contrary that so worthy an occasion of further victory should not so vnworthely be relinquished Of which matter imparting his mynde to his friend Folieta it became the subiect of this ensuing discourse wherin Folieta not intermedling with what the Venetians had done onely layes downe in general such causes as by great reason may be thought of those fortunate successes which hourely attend the Turkish Ensignes To which I had rather remit you then longer to deteine with the harshnes of an ill pleasing Epistle And now hauing for the present done that due obseruance to you all of me long both determined and desired I most earnestly beseech you to take my boldnesse in good part void of all saucie presumption my meaning as it is clothed in a sincere will alwaies to serue honor you my request as I shall deserue for euer to be preserued in your good opinion Wherwith if you shall so much grace me I protest there can no one thing giue more fulnesse to much of that happinesse which in this world I affect wherof nothing distrusting though meanely deseruing I take my leaue and rest Your most bounden for euer Raffe Carr. ¶ THE NARRATION of the warres of Cyprus held betwixt the Venetians and the Turks â— during the yeeres 1570. and 1571. CYprus so called by reason of the rich Copper Mynes therein conteined plentiefull and abounding in excellent Wynes Wheate Oyle Suger being in deed that true Mecarian Isle vnder xxxv degrees of the Poles eleuation standeth in the Gulfe Issicus distant twentie German myles from Syria conteining in length fiftie miles of the sayd German measure but in breadth ten or twelue at the most and in diuers places lesse Salamis the Citie of Cyprus built by Teucer Aeaâ—ide held for their Kings for many discents the same Teucrians of vvhich race Euagoras and Nicocles vvere men celebrated and made famous by Isocrates Orations To these Teucrians succeded the Ptolomees to them the Romans vnder vvhose gouernment although much and grieuously vexed by the Saracines they coÌ„tinued firme and constant vnto the time of Andronicus Commenus and Henry the sixt Emperors For about the yeere 1190 Richard the sonne of Henry the second King of England sayling towards Palestine and put from landing in that Island by Isaac Commenus then the gouernour tooke the same by force vvhich afterwards he gaue to Guy of Lusignan sonne in law of King Almerick vvho had lost the Citie of Hierusalem in exchange for the bare tytle and name to him and his posteritie of the sayd Crowne of Hierusalem The issue and lyne of vvhich Guy enioyed the sayd Kingdome of Cyprus 250. yeeres vntill the tyme that Peter reigned vvho vvas taken prisoner by the Souldan of Aegipt but afterward vpon Tributarie condicions restored to vvhich Peter succeded Peter the sonne vvho at the death of his Father being very young vvas afterward married to Haelena Paleologa and by hir had issue Carlotta married first to Iohn King of Portugall But lastly to Lewes Duke of Sauoy vvhich Lewes for a small time reigned King of Cyprus This second Peter â—ad likewise a bastard issue called Iames vvho by the help of the Souldan of Egipt expelled from the kingdome of Cyprus the sayd Lewes of Sauoy Iames tooke to vvyfe Katherin the daughter of Marcus Cornelius adopted by the state of Venice vvho being vvith childe by hir husband and he before hir deliuerie dyeng in the yeere 1470. The said Common vvealth tooke to their charge both the mother child and Kingdome But shortly after the enfant dyed supposed to haue bene poisoned by the practise of that state vvho solely thereby possessing themselues of the kingdome reduced the same into the forme of a Prouince Katherin the mother being brought back to Venice vvho liued to the yeere 1510. Now Selymus the first Emperour of the Turks after the vtter oppressing
last king of the line of the Gothes was slayne And taking hold of occasion the Sarazines so farre then proceded that they conquered in manner the whole kingdome of Hispain where they lost the name of the Sarazins and were called by the Spanierds Moores of the name of the countrie in Afrique from whence they came called Mauritania THE yeere 725. Eudes Duke of Aquitain otherwise called the Dâ—chie of Guien discended from Alarie king of the Gothes who in the yeere of our Lord 412. at such time as the Emperour Honorius reigned dyd possesse the same duchie of Guien from whence passing into Hispain and from thence chasing the Vandales as before I haue sayde brought into Fraunce against Theoderick brother of Chilperick sonnes of Dagobert the second of that name which Theodorick was the last king of the ligne of Pharamond Those Sarazins who at that time were in Hispain conducted by Abderaman whom the French Historiographers doe call Adramar King of Cordoua who after their entrie into Fraunce tooke the townes of Bourdeaulx Tholose Narbone Nimes Arles and Auignon Platina Blondus Sabellicus and other Historiographers doe write that those Sarazins came euen to towres where they were fought with by Charles Martel father of Pipin and ouerthrowen so as all that euer was wonne by them before was againe recouered by the same King Charles and the Sarazins chased into Hispain where after they remayned more than 700. yeeres Vnto such time as Ferdinand the king of Aragon did win from them the Citie and Countrie of Granado which was in the yeere of our Lord God 1487. Howbeit ther tarried and remayned still sundrie townes and villages entier peopled with the Sarazins whom the Emperour Charles the fifth of that name comming to his dominions in Hispain found ther dwelling and caused to embrace the christian faith yet they could neuer bee coÌ„pelled to chaunge their habit or the language of the Sarazins nor perhaps secretly their abhominable Mahometical sect what face outwardly so euer they shew In the yeere of our Lord God 500. the Sarazins of Africk did take the Isles of Corsica and Sardinia and two and twentie yeeres after they pilled and sacked the Isles of Candia and Sicilia and so held them more than two hundreth yeeres at what time Pope Leo was persecuted by the Lumbards and succoured by Charlemain The yeere of our Lord God 837. The Sarazins vnder the leading of Sultan Saua wan the port of Ciuitauechia in Italy and sacked the citie o Rome and the Church of Saint Peter with the Mont Cassin otherwise called Saint Germain which is the chiefe monestary or abbie of Saint Benet And twentie yeeres after that they tooke the port of Ancona and ouer ran all the coasts on that side of the Golfe of Venice and likewise those on thother side on the coast of Sclauonie and this done in the reignes of Lotharie son of Lois le Piteux king of Fraunce and Michaell Emperour of Constantinople about the yeere of our Lord God 900. they likewise assailed the territories of Pulia Calabria in the kingdome of Naples wan Mont Gargan otherwise called Le Mont Saint Auge when as Constantine sonne of Leo who was sonne of Basilius Emperour of Constantinople reigned and that Berengier of the ligne of the Lombards caused the eics of Lewes who was last Emperour of the ligne of the French men and sonne vnto to the Emperour Arnold to bee put foorth In the yeere 923. Roman the Emperour of Constantinople did stir the Sarazins to inuade the territories of Pulia and Calabria which rebelled against him Howbeit the Sarazins were ouerthrowen at the riuer of Garriglian by the Marquiz of Tuscan named Aulbry or Alberic at the especiall instance of Pope Iehan the eleuenth of that name In the yeere 930. the Sarazins wonne the towne of Gennes and spoiled all that coast of the Sea when the Berengiers occupied the Empire fortified the towne of Fraxinet which they kept 100 yeeres Thus the Sarazins continued inuading and spoiling the sertile regions of Italy while the controuersies were depending about the right of possessing the Empire betweene the French the Greekes and Lombards the discentions were on foote betweene the Popes the people of Rome in such sort as they enioyed the most part of Pulia and Calabria which they kept euen vnto the yeere of Grace 990 or thereabouts that they were chased both from thence and out of Sicilia also by Tancred de Haulte Ville or Haulte Fuâ—ille in Normandy who first beegan with them but ended by Guillaume Ferrabach sonne of the said Tancred with the help of Maloch leiuetenant of Michaell Cathalau Emperour of Greece And so they did bring back from the hands of the Sarazins Pulia Calabria and Sicilia whereof the said Guillaume remained lord in the time of Robert the French king and of the Emperour Otho the third of that name In the yeere of our Lord 1040. the number of Sultains or Soldains began to be many For in euery Prouince the Caliph as I before declared did institute one as at Damasco one at Hames another at Halep the third in Egipt another the like in sundry other places who falling at dissention one with the other did in the end reuoult from the obedience of the Caliph In Hispain likewise euerie of the Moors that could get vnder his obedience a citie or towne would immediately vsurpe the name of a king as at Granado Cordoua Toledo Sarragosa Ciuilia and Valentia In like manner was it vsed in Africk as at Tunes Tripolis Bugia Maroch Fesse and Tremessen and other places also there so as in manner no kinde of amitie or friendship was maintained among these kings but for the most part continuall dissention wars Wherof when the Turks had got intelligence who as yet rested vnder the obedience of the Caliph who were meruailously this while encreased both in wealth number of people and withall perceiuing that the Sarazins were wonderfully weakened and diminished through these intestine deuisions wars thus among them selues they made a king whoÌ„ they called Sadoc which name is so much to say as Iust and inuaded the Sarazins whom within short time they ouerthrew so as therby they made theÌ„selues shortly dominators ouer whole Persia and Syria alwaies with great reuerence regarding in no wise to touch the Caliph for the high estimation that they bare him who was suffered still to liue quietly at Baudras And at whose hands the said Sadocke would be named and created the Sultan of Asie howbeit he liued not long afrer After Sadoc his sonne Dogriz succeded who did annex to the gotten Empire of his father the country of Mesopotamia which Diogines the Emperour of Constantinople had recouered from the Sarazins at such time as they had warres among them selues as likewise the whole countrie of Cilicia which hee gaue to his cosen Arthot To Dogriz succeeded Aspalam his sonne who about the yeere of our Lord God 1080. did send his
others in dignitie So hath the Soldain foure Emir Quibir surmounting the rest in honour next vnto the Soldain For this word Emir betokeneth an Admerall and Quibir signifieth great So as this woord Emir Quibir is as much to say a great Admerall Besides they had in their society a great constable called in their tongue Derdard Quibir whom Paulus Iouius calleth the great Diadaro The Soldain being but a Mammaluch is chosen to that dignitie by the rest of the brothers as they doe elect the great Maister of the Rhodes and most often hee is of one of their Emirs Who being thus elected to be Soldain giueth to euery of the other Mammaluchs by way of reward a hundred Duckets for his welcome All which Mammaluchs were Christians Renies or sonnes of Christians as are the Ianizaries who in no case would receiue any Turke Moore or Iewe to be of their societie being all Liuerous for so the Turkes doe name them This Liuerous were aunciently named Hiberi and Circassi whom they call Cercaz among whom the Colchi Georgii Albani and others Christians who were Iacobits and Nestorians remaining about the riuer of Phaso otherwise called Phasis were accounted This Circassi beeing young whan the Tartarians dyd surprise and take them were carryed by troopes and solde to the saide Emirs with whom they were brought vp in the exercise of armes but chiefely on horsback who beecomming very valyaunt were made Mammaluchs obseruing the Mahumeticall law This order of the Mammaluchs beganne at such time as the king saint Lois was taken prisoner before Damyate which some cal Heliopolis among whom the first Soldain was named Melechsalem whom they dyd kill and was the cause that the sayd saint Loys was the more easily deliuered But to returne to Bazait this ouerthrow that the Turkes thus receiued nigh to the Golfe of Layasse by the Mammaluchs was the greatest calamitie that euer came to the Turckes whereof Bazait hauing receiued intelligence and perceiuing that his affaires had small good successe on that side retired his force into Sclauonye and there tooke the towne of Durazo aunciently called Dirrachium and Epidamnus perteigning to the familie of the Carlouichs who affirmed themselues to haue descended out of the house of the kings of Fraunce That is to say from Charles of Durazo surnamed de le Faix sonne of Peter Duke of Grauyn sonne of Charles second king of Naples and of Hungary in the right of his wife The which Charles was sonne of Charles D'aniou king of Naples brother to the said king saint Loys IN the yeere of our Lord God 1493. Bazait sent eight thousand horsemen vnder the leading of Cadum Bacha to ouer runne the Countries lying betweene Hungarie and Sclauonie against whom certaine of the Nobility of Hungary Croace and Sclauony dyd assemble themselues and encountered the Turckes nigh vnto the Riuer of Moraua auncientlie called Moschus where the Christians were ouerthrowen Fiue yeeres after Haly Bacha the Albaneze and Enuch with a great armie by sea made towardes the towne of Iara or Iadera situated on the shore of the Golfe of Venice in the coast of Sclauony And albeit that the forces of the Venetians which was very mightie on the sea pursued the Turkes yet durst they not charge thē which Haly Bacha perceiuing tooke at their noses the towne of Lepantho aunciently called Naupactum IN the yeere of our Lord God 1500. Bazait came in person to Modon that somtime was called Methones in Moree and tooke the same And after when Lewes the twelfth the French King ioyned in aliaunce with the Venetians against Ludouic Sforza the vsurper of the Duchie of Milayn Bazait at the request of Sforza caused tenne thousand horsemen to inuade the territorie of Friol insomuch as they approched euen to the towne of Triuiso in the view of the Citie of Venice For which the Venetians prepared immediatly a great armie on the sea against the Turkes with whom the Gallies of Fraunce vnder the charge of Seigneur Rauestaing as also the Gallies of the king of Aragon vnder the leding of the famous Don Ferrando Consaluo ioyned with which armie they dyd win from the Turks the Islands of Cephalonia and saint Mauro But vpon certaine conclusions of peace traicted by the meanes of Messire Andreas Gritti who afterwardes was Duke of Venice betwixt the Venetians the Turkes were againe surrendered yet the Gallies of Fraunce passed forwardes to the Isle of Lesbos otherwise called Metheline hopeing to haue subdued the same but not able to bring their enterprise to passe they returned home againe About this time beeganne the fame and renowne of Siach Ismael the king of Persia by surname called the Sophie according to the name of his father who was sonne to the Daughter of Vssuncassan and of one Seich Ayder that is to say the good Religioux for he was reputed among the Persians to bee a very good and holy man and a Prophet called Sophi of that sect new begunne among the Mahumetists which they call Sophi or Sophilar of the which I dyd speake beefore according to the which hee lyued Some holde opinion that hee was called Sophi of the Countrey of Sophena which was vnder his dominion But neyther the Turkes nor yet the Persians know what Countrey Sophena is The sayde Seich Ayder after the death of Vsuncassam was shamefully slayne by the commandement of Iacopbeg his brother in law doubtting that the people of Persia who meruailously were affected owardes Seich would haue deposed the sayd Iacopbeg and made Seich to haue beene theyr King For which Seich Ismaell hearing of his fathers death beeing than not passing eyght yeeres of age fledde to the towne of Leziam situated vppon the Sea of Abacuth commonly called Caspium where hee remayned vntill hee came to mans age and than returned into Persia where finding meanes to assemble but three hundered men thorough theyr help hee tooke the towne of Sumach and after increasing his number hee wanne the Citie of Taurys in Armeny with the towne of Syras where the good Armours are made Hee afterwardes vanquished and slew in fight Aluant sonne of Iacopbeg who made him-selfe King after the death of his father who was sonne to Vsuncassan Vncle to the sayde Ismaell and entered in league with the Prince Aladulad or Anaudule and the Soldain of Egypt by whome hee was drawne to mooue warre against Bazait against whom he obtayned sundry victories About this time Selym the youngest sonne of Bazait departed from Trebisconde whereof he was gouernour and without the knowledge of his father married with the daughter of the Cham of Tartarie Prezecopie Thorough whose aide and a great number of Horsemen which his brother in law called of the Turkes Chamogly or Canogly brought to accompany him hauing already gained the hearts of his fathers Iannizaries Hee enforced Bazait his father to leaue to him his Empire Which Bazait purposing to draw himselfe to the cost of the sea Maior otherwise named Pontus Euxinus and there to leade
of his age who the yeere next ensuing by the coūsail of Peribacha beseged Belgrado did win it from king Lewes of Hungary the son of Lancelot who at that time was very young hauing the Princes Lords of his Countrie at discord among them selues about the Regimēt of their King and of his Realme Whereby it came to passe that no maner of Order was foreseen either for the defence or succoring of that famous Place The next yeere after hee beesieged the Rhodes espying alwayes after the custome of his elders the discords diuisions among Christian Princes the which enterprice was cleerely against the minde and counsail of Peribacha who accompted that Iourney very doubtfull and of no litle aduenture Howbeit the same succeded too well with him as he desired In the yeere of our Lord God 1527. whan Italy was in wars troubles Solyman entred into Hungary in fauour as he said of Iohn de Ziphs the Vayuod of Sibenbourg who pretended that the kingdome of Hungarie dyd to him onely of right appertaine wher it came to passe that the young King Lewes comming in person to the fight was slaine after which the said Iohn attaining the kingdome dyed leauing a yong son an Infant behinde him vnder protection of Solyman with his Kingdome likewise The same Selyman in the yeare 1535. going in expedicion against Thomas king of the Persians toke from him the whole country of Mesopotamia vvith the citie of Babilon and in 1538 continuing at Aulona hee gaue an attempt to the vvinning of the Isle of Corcyra 1540 hee both besieged and tooke the strong fortres called Castell Nouo in Dalmatia In the yeere 1541 Iohn de Ziphs king of Hungaria being dead as aforesaid his widdow calling Solyman to hir aide who as then vvas besieged in the citie of Buda by Ferdinand king of the Romains The said Solyman not onely came to releeue hir but beating back the army of Ferdinand tooke the said citie placed therin a Bassa and sent the vviddovv vvith hir infant son into Transiluania The yeere following the same Solyman defended the city of Pestum in Hungaria against the vnited and assembled forces of the whole Germain Empire and after toke from them the two strong holdes of Strigonium and Alba Regalis and in fine concluded peace with Ferdinand king of the Romains and Hungaria vpon condicion of a yeerelie pension which they doe call a tribute to bee paied him In the yeere 1549 and 1550 hee vndertoke another expedicion against the Persians and established a Beglerbeg at Vanum in the confines of Media and Armenia after which he possessed himselfe of Tripolis in Africa Temeswar in Hungaria the which with the adioyning countries he committed to the defence of a new Bassa In the yeere 1553 he commanded his eldest son Mustapha to bee put to death at Halep gaue order though in vaine that Zegethum in Hungaria should be besieged afterward enforced his son Baiaseth desirous to succeed his father hauing first ouercome him in battell to fly to the king of the Persians where being apprehended he the said Baiaseth with his foure sons Solyman his nephews were cruelly slaine 1560 the Turks gaue a great ouerthrow to the Christians at the Iland of Garbe while the saide Christians were desirous to recouer the towne of Tripolis formerly taken as is said by the Turks After which the said Solyman attempted but with small succes the Iland of Malta yet toke that of Chios belonging to the state of Genua Lastly being againe recald into Hungaria by Iohn of Transiluania he died before Zegethum in the yeere 1566. and of his age seauentie sixe To whom succeeded his son Selimus the second this Selimus made peace with Maximilian the Emperour euery eight yeeres to be renewed toke from the possession of the Venetians the Isle of Ciprus in the yeere 1571 receiued that memorable ouerthrow in that worthy sea fought battell at Lepanto Hee likewise by Sinamus Bassa his generall toke in the kingdome of Tunis in Africk forty yeeres after that Charles the fift the Emperor had held it in his command caused that famous fort of the Gulet to be ouerthrowen leueled with the ground This Sinamus Bassa is he who at this day is the great cōmander of all ◠Turkish forces in Hungaria And so the said Selimus in the end of the yeer 1574 died Who left behind him a son called Amurath the third the which Amurath for the space of 14 continued yeers held wars both long some variable with the Persian king called Mahemet Hodobende as much to say as the seruant of God which wars scarce determined he began to make head against the Christians the Emperour Rodolphe by whose soldiors the Bassa Bosnensis 1593 and others at Sisciam in Hungaria had ben slaine This Amurath after many miseries inflicted vpon the poore remaynder of Hungaria the confines of Austria in the end of March the yeere 1595 concluded his daies To him succeeded Mahumet the third his son who now reigneth a yong man then of the age of thirty two yeeres little more or lesse of a great spirit able body infaligable minde who before the performance of his fathers funerall rites caused xviii of his brothers fathers sons by seuerall concubines to bee strangled all which with their said father he toke order should honorably in the same monument be enterred seauen twenty of his sisters he inclosed in the Seraglio a place in manner of a monestary deputed for the retyring of the great Senior his children the safe keeping of his concubines This Mahumet is thought to prosecut the wars against the Christians which his father left vnfinished with more feruent desire greater forces then any other before him In this sort as you see haue I for your content entred and finished this matter which required more largely to haue ben touched to haue busied one of better knowledge which things though but slightly run ouer may suffice to make aparant that since but meane princes in regard of the vnited Christian forces haue thus encombred the course of their conquests it is not Impossible the like againe may be done greater when God shall encourage vs thervnto The end of the second booke To the VVorshipfull his very good cosen Edward Carr of Sleford in the countie of Lincolne Esquier and one in hir Maiesties Commission of peace there SIR one and the same loue and duetie deriued from an infinit desire to serue and honour you formerly protested to your worthy brothers and now continued towards you hath drawen on this third booke in such sort as you see not without some speciall reason for heerein beeing in most liuely and faire lines laide forth the perfect modells of true valour and resolution with many other parts of action and exact military discipline admired presidents both for rule and example I could not in my owne conceit better dispose of then in commending vnto you beeing
wage soldiours Whereby partly by sorce and partly by good oppinion that was had in him all his neighbours obeyed him and so as his trayne growing to such a number thorough the multitude of Sarazins that repaired to him the Emperour Heraclius who at that time had vnder his dominion both the countries of Surie Egipt and Africk serued himselfe with these people in his warres against the Persians Howbeit it so afterwards came to passe that at a pay of the Emperours army among whoÌ„ at that time vvere certaine bands of the Sarazins so as mony vvas not so plentie there at that instant able to pay the vvhole army And that hee which had the order of the pay of the army among vvhom the bands of Sarazins also were attending for their vvages vndescretly gaue ansvvere to the Sarazins that the Emperor had not mony ynough there to pay the Chrictians that vvere Souldiours and therfore they being but dogges ought not to demaund for vvages With vvhich aunsvvere the Sarazins being not a little moued departed from the seruice of the Emperour and returned into Africk where they found Mahumet The Emperour Heraclius afterward sent into Africk to leuie his tribute there which seemed to bee not a little greeuous to the Africans to be so much troubled with subsidies as they were they falling into a mutinie and stirred thereto also with the subtill perswasions of Mahumet that told them the pleasure and will of God was that each one should liue at liberty the Commissaries of the Emperour were there slaine and the countries of Egipt and Africk reuoulted wholy from the obedience of the Empire of which rebellion Mahumet was chiefe and their Generall Who by reason of the same was immediately pursued both by the Christians and Iewes And albeit the Emperour did send against him a great army vnder the leading of one of his Nobilitie called Theodore who fought sundry battelles with the Africans yet in the end Theodore being ouerthrowne and slaine Mahumet with his Sarazius after this victorie departed from thence inuaded the countries of Sury Mesopotamia and made conquest of the same Thus then the Greekes lost the countries of Sury Egipt and Africk other territories which the Emperours of Rome and Grecia had euer in possession from the time of Iulius Cesar sauing that part of Africk which the Vandalls held who were Christians though Arrians there had continued from the time that the Romaines suffered them to inhabit And so Mahumet was crowned king in Damasco about the yeere of our Lord God 630. and liued after about tenne yeeres After the death of Mahumet the Sarazins preferred to his kingdome one of his disciples familiars named Othamar whom the Turks doe call Othmar Howbeeit some affirme that hee that next succeded Mahumet was one called Bubacher otherwise named Caliph which word signifieth enheritor or successor beecause hee was placed in the rome authoritie of Mahumet and so after him were called all his successors though some Italian authors doe call them Alipha The chiefest place where the Caliph had his residence was established at the citie of Baudars which the Italians call Baldat the Turks Bagdet that sometime was the famous citie of Babilon though others hold opinion that this Citie was that which in times past was named Susa and is situated vpon the riuer of Euphrates About this time the Sarazins conquered in a little space vpon the Greekes the territorie of Caramanie aunciently called Cilitia where the citie of Antioche standeth and Pamphilia which at this day is called Scauri and the towne of Selucia named by the inhabitants there Scandalor and after that they made enterprize vpon the kingdome of Persia which they call Pharsie and this was about that time when the Greekes did cut of the nose and the tongue also of the Empresse Martine and Heraclion hir sonne and of the Emperour Heraclius beecause they enpoisoned Constantine the eldest sonne of Heraclius begotten vpon an other wife at such time also the Lumbards entred into Italy Of Persia at this time was king one called Hormisda named also by Hayton that writeth of these matters Ascaiorth elected king next after Adaesar sonne of Syroe sonne of Cosroe or Cosdroe whom the Emperour Heraclius tooke prisoner when he recouered the city of Hierusalem Hormisda hauing assured intelligence that the Sarazins were comming to inuade him â—ought for succours at such as were his neighbours and chiefely of those of Turquesten who frontered vpon the Persians on the West towards the East on the realme which Hayton calleth Tarsie and vpon the famous riuer of Indus towards the North and to the Corasmins and Med on the South which are the verie confines and limits which Plinie and Strabo doe appoint to the Parthes whom the Turkes doe call Turguestain as Francis Freinston saith This nation which sithens by the Frenchmen other haue bene named Turguimans and afterward Turks who among them at that time had no manner of law or policy departed out of their countrie to the number of six thousand fighting men to come to the succour of king Hormisda But beecause according to their custome they brought their wiues and children with them they were the longer in comming so as before they came the Sarazins and king Hormisda had sought togethers and Hormisda ouerthrowen and slaine about the yeere of our Lord God 640. And so the Sarazins became Lords of Persia and of the whole countries about sauing the realme of Abeas which is in Georgia a part of the greater Armenie called Haloen who were the refuge receptacle of Christians The Turquiâ—â—ains being by this ariued in that part of Persia named Chorâ—â—â—eâ— or Câ—â—â—osley and by some Câ—rozâ—iâ— they vnderstoode of the ouerthrow and death of Hormisda for which cause they staied there and fortified themselues in the best wise they could and sent vnto the Sarazins requesting to accept them as their friends withall that they would receiue tribuit from them for vvhich alvvaies they vvould bee at their commandement to serue them faithfully in their vvars if it vvould further vouchsafe the Sarazins to beestovv on them the place vvhere they at that time vvere to inhabit The Sarazins receiued their ambassage curteously accepted them as their friendes and offred Tributaries hovvbeit they caused the Turks to lodge further of in a part of another countrie vvhich they appointed them to th ende that if they reuolted they should doe the Sarazins lesse harme In this manner remained the Turkes or Turquimains tributaries as it vvere subiects to the Sarazins vvhose customes lavvs maners they quickly learned through continuall trade and frequentation vvhich they had a among the Sarazins insomuch as in the end ther vvas no manner of difference betwixt theÌ„ either in religion law or forme of life which was very easie for the Turks to doe considering that be ore they liued without any law rule or pollicie which they wer sooner moued to embrace
onely to be pertakers of the honours and riches which the Sarazins of whom these Turks became familier companions and meruailously well beloued for that they tried themselues to be euery where in their warres their best souldiers Thus they liued togethers about three hundred yeeres that they were accounted in manner to be of one nacion Howbeit the Turquimains kept themselues alwaies a part by themselues and grew to bee of such wealth and might that about the yeere of our Lord God 1400 they became maisters ouer the Sarazins by occasion of discord growing among the Sarazins themselues as hereafter shal be declared This first Caliphe endured not very long because another Sarazin named Ascaly chased him from his place purposing to haue vsurped his rome howbeit he could not so attaine it for he was slaine by the Sarazins who preferred another to that dignitie called Haly. Haly the second Calphe was coosen Germain to Mahumet his sonne in law as some affirme hauing maried Faâ—â—ma whom the Turks pronounce Fatma the daughter of Mahumet whose lawes Haly chaunged or rather anulled and made new of his ovvne inuention through vvhich innouation of religion or rather supersticion the Sarazins beecame meruailously deuided Insomuch as those vvhich follovved Mahumet made a Caliph in Egipt The others remained in Persia vvith Haly vvho alvvaies continued in such reuerence and estimacion as vvell among them as vvith the Turks at this day that incontinently next to Mahumet vvhen they goe about any of their affaires they say Alla Mahumet Haly God Mahumet and Haly. Thus the Sarazins began to be deuided among themselues the vvhich diuision hath euer sithens continued and endureth yet For albeit the Turks the Persians also are in effect very Mahomâ—â—ists yet differ they so in ceremonies other contrarieties of opinion that the one do account the oother very heretiques The Caliphe doth execute his office as though he vvere both their Pole and their Emperour For these Caliphes doe ordaine gouernours and officers through euery prouince vvhere they haue authoritie vvhich they call Sultans vvhich may be interpreted Prouosts oâ— gouernours But by succession of time this terme Sultan â—s conuerted to an â—ppellation or name roiall and signifieth the word king At the time of this first deuision there was a Sultan of Alexandrie named Selym that killed the first Caliphe of Egipt and returned in obedience to the Caliphe of Baudras to haue fauour After this part of those Sarazines of Egipt that would not come to the obedience of the Caliph of Baudras passed into Africk chased from thence the Vandales which were Christians but heretiques maintaining the abhominable error of the Arrians wher these Vandales had domination sithens the time of their king Gencericus who with his nation being Vandales were chased out of Hispain by the Gothes that were Arrians as they also were and so arriued in Africk in the time of the Emperour Theodosius the yong sonne of Arcadius about the yeere of our Lord God 410. and after were tributaries to the Emperours of Constantinople where they remained vnto the yeere of our Lord God 668 that the Sarazins as aboue said ther first entred and established a generall to rule ouer them whom they named a Miramamolin which is so much to say as a ruler or lord ouer the people ordained his residence place of dignitie to bee at Mâ—râ—hque at this day called Tunes nigh to Cartage Which name of Miramamolyn hath sithens beene chaunged for at this day they call their king Moulee as he that at this day reigneth at Tunys is called Moule Assan that is to say king or Seigneur Assan I would not discribe to you further at length what the Sarazins did after their conquests of Persia Afrique But will admit a little intermission vnto the yeere of our Lord God 1040. at which time they were subdued by the Turkes or Tursquimains their tributaries For otherwise that were against my purpose determining rather to make an Epitome or abridgement than a whole large Chronicle of their dooings THE yeere of grace 660. Mehua which signifieth suddaine or hastie Sultan of Egipt successor of Selym tooke the Isle of Rhodes and carried away the famous Colosse or piller of Brasse that was esteemed on height three score and tenne elles which an Earthquake ouerthrew as Plinie affirmeth IN the yeere of our Lord God 660. Abdalla the Sultan of Egipt after Mehua came to Syracuses where sometime was slaine the Emperor Constantins sonne to Constantine whom his mother in law Martyn wyfe to Heraclius caused there to be poysoned where the Sarazins sacked the towne with a great part of the riches of Rome which the said Constantins before had caused to bee brought thether to haue conueyed the same to Constantinople ABOVT the yeere of 690. Abimelech which woord may bee enterpreted the father of the King inuaded Hispain with a nauie of 270. shippes but was repulsed and from thens passed into Africk from whence againe the Sarazins were chased by the Emperor Iustinian the second And so Abimelech was the first Miramamolyn among the Sarazins against whom the Emperor Leonce sent a Captain of his named Tiberius who by the armie was made Emperor and so without executing further his charge returned to Constantinople against his Maister Leonce where after he had taken him and cut of his nose he cast him in prison in which the miserable Leonce remained all his life These matters being done at the time whan Sergius the first of that name was Pope And Theodorick or Thierry sonne of Clouys reigned King in Fraunce IN the yeere of our Lord God 712. Sultan Selyman which is so much to say as peasible whom some doe call QVLEMEN the Caliphe of Baudraz besieged Constantinople but thorough pestilence and famen poslessing his Camp he was driuen to raise his siege which before had beene continued by the space of two yeeres And this was at what time the Emperor Theodoxe had taken his preâ—ecessor Anastasius made him a Monck when Giegory the twelfth was Pope and Chilperick the last King of the line of Pharamonde reigned in France IN this time also Mizza Miramâ—molin successor of Abimelech â—t the request of Iulian the Conte of Consuegra who was sent as Embassador to him frâ— Rodrigo King of Hispain caused twelue thousand men vnder the leading of his generall called Cariph to passe into Hispain against the sayde King Rodâ—rigo to reuenge the iniurie done to the sayd Conte Iulian in that Rodrigo had deflowred the daughter or as some doe say the wife of the sayde Conte Iulian called Caba as the Chronicles of Hispain doe make mencion Who landed at Gibraltar which place our auncients name Calpe and the Sarazins Gibelcariph the Mount of Cariph and from thence marched alongst the famous Riuer of Bet is and by the Sarizens named Guadalquiber which is so called vnto this dav Where nigh vnto the same in a foughten battell the saide King Rodrigo who was the
Nephew Solyman into Cappadocia being than vnder the possession of the Greekes to whom he gaue all there that he could conquer Who in such sort guided his affaires that he brought vnder his obedience the whole Asia the lesse except the Sea coasts towards the South and the Isle of Cipres And this was that valiant Soliman that gaue charge vpō the famous Godefroy de Buillon and the army of the christians remaining in siege before the towne of Niece in Asia the lesse as before I haue shewed which Solyman the said Hayton doth name Solimansa About this time a Gentleman of Hispain named Rodrigo de Vuiar chased the Moors out of a great part of the realme of Valence in Aragon and from much of Castile who was named by the Moores through his excellencie Cyd that is to say Lord and Cyd Ruydas from whom the noble famous race of the Mendozzas are descended To Aspalam succeded Melechla his sonne who sent Arthot the Sultan of Mesopotamia to Antioche whervnto also by his commaundement came the said Solyman and tooke the same citie with all the country about and thus you see how the Greekes lost all Asia the lesse Belchiarot sonne of Melechla reigned after his father who liued whan as Godefroy and the christians passed into the holy land and besieged the citie of Antioche in Suria being then vnder the dominion of the said Belchiarot and by him committed to the defence of a Turk named Assan or Cassan whom in Antioche hee had ordeigned his Generall to whom after he sent in succour one named by Hayton Cerbagat and by the Frenchmen Corbadas who ariued there when the christians had already gotten Antioche where vpon hee beseeged them in the same citie a long time but in the end Corbadas was fought with by the christians ouerthrowen put to flight as in the Historie of that iourny plainely appeareth wherfore Corbadas now returning back into Persia found that Belchiarot was dead that his yongest brother pretending right to the crowne was slaine Now when the Turks of Persia could not accord and agree whom to make their King but fought long among themselues thervpon the fame of their dissention came to the eares of the Georgiens and Armenians their neighbours being christians who considering the great army of the other christians than remaining in Sury immediately inuaded the Turkes thus deuided among themselues and did beate chase them out of Persia so that such of the Turks as could escape some retired towards Solyman and some to Arthot and others of their nation being than in Asi◠the lesse And this was in the yeere of our Lord God 1106. at such time as Baldouin brother to Godsrey reigned king in Hierusalem This Georgiens after that they had thus chased the Turks out of Persia pilled and spoiled the country forbearing from farther pursuit of their good fortune as they should against the Souldans of Damasco Halep Hames and others that remained in quietnesse But with the Armenians departing from the realme of Persia a certaine people among the Corasmins whom some Latin Historiographers doe call Grossiones neighbours to that prouince which diuers doe thinke to bee those whom the auncients doe name to be the Medes who vpon the East haue the Sea called Mare Caspium Hircanum or Abucuth and on the South Turquesten or Parthia and vpon the North Cumania or Alania and vpon the Occident or West Persia and Armenie the greater who had none other vocation trade or condition of life but liued like herdmen and keepers of cattell hauing among them neither house or towne howbeit very valiant in warres these entred then into Persia where of very poore catiues they beecame a rich people and made a King among them called lalaladin which signifieth the gift or grace of God With this their king they became so hardy and bold as to inuade the Turks beeing in Asia the lesse howbeit they were encountered by the Souldan of Turque named Aladin ouerthrowen in a sore foughten fielde in which conflict lalaladin their King lost his life the rest that escaped did assemble themselues in the plaine of Rohai◠with purpose to haue entred into Sury But the Souldan of Aleph did enbarre them of that passage chased them euen vnto the deserts of Arabia who from thence trauasing the territory of Caldee or Assyrie they passed the riuer of Euphrates nigh to a castell there named Cacabe and entred into Iudea otherwise called the Hierusalem wher they cōmitted much outrage and damage Howbeit in the end this multitude of disordered people could not long abide togethers considering euery of them would bee a ruler so as their Captaine that should haue commanded could not be obeied and so they departed by troopes and companyes whereof some retyred towards the Sultan of Damasco others towards him of Halep some to him of Hames but the most of them repaired to the Soldan of Egipt to whom likewise repayred their Captaine Bartat seeing himselfe so abandoned and forsaken of his owne soldiors And thus decayed the force of this nation of the Corasmins whom the writers of the passage and iourney of Godfrey doe call Hoarmins who maynteined their reputation but a litle time IN this manner the Turkes remayned in Surie chiefely the Corasmins Now for the Sarazins they deuided themselues into litle realmes vnto the yeere of our Lord God 1240. or thereabouts that the Tartares ouerthrew them as heereafter shall be declared whilst in the meane time the Turkes daylie continued wars against the kings of Hyerusalem as followeth IN the yeere of our Lord God 1103. the Turkes tooke prisoner Boemund the Prince of Antioche sonne of Robert Guiscard surnamed Courbespine discended from Tancred the Norman of whom beefore I made mencion Who three yeeres after was redeemed by his nephew Tangrey IN the yeere 1105. the Turkes made head against Baldwyn the first of that name King of Hyerusalem brother of Godefray as he besieged the towne of Acre and were ouerthrowen after which that towne otherwyse called Accon and Ptolemais was taken by Baldowyn together with the towne of Licquee which the auncients called Laodicea And foure yeeres after that hee tooke the towne of Baruth sometime called Berythus and so likewise the towne of Sydon In the yeere of our Lord 1115 the Turks vanquished and put to flight king Baldwin the second of that name at Montreal In the yeere 1120. King Baldwin tooke Gazis whom some doe call Gary from the Souldan of Damaz In the yeere of our Lord 1122. King Baldwin was taken prisoner by Balach named by some Alaph Souldan of Hames aunciently called Camela or Gamela and Gaucamela which word Balach signifieth a destroier So as he remained there prisoner by the space of one yeere The yeere of our Lord God 1128 King Baldwin discomfited Doloquin of some named Baldoquin and of others called Baldecan Souldan of Damaz who succeeded to the Souldan Gazes The yeere 1132 Foulques Daniou
who maried the daughter of King Baldwin succeded in the kingdome of Hierusalem ouerthrew the Turkes at Ybelim which Place holy Scripture calleth Geth The yeere 1140 or ther abouts Alaph or Balach Souldan of Hames tooke the towne of Rohaiz there vnmercifully murdered a great number of Christians The yeere 1143 King Baldwin the third of that name sonne of king Fulque discomfited at Hierico the valiant Norradin son to Baldecan Soldan of Damaz The yeere 1146. The Emperour Conrad and King Lewes of Fraunce sonne of Lewes le Groz passed into Surie where with king Baldowin they besieged the towne of Damasco but could not take the same and therefore they returned home into their Countries The yeere 1148 after the departure of these said two Princes Norradin the Souldan of Damasco besieged Antioche wher Raimond the Conte of Antioche issuing forth in a skirmish was vnfortunately slaine the Contes of Rohaiz and Tripoli taken prisoners which Contee of Tripoli after was shamefully murdered by an Assassin The yeere 1160 Almery king of Hierusalem brother to king Baldowin tooke the towne Alexandria beesieged the great citie of Caire in Egipt The yeere 1170. Saladin the Souldan of Egipt began to inuade the holy land in the time of king Baldowin the fourth of that name king of Hierusalem at what time likewise the Emperour Frederic made war vpon the Pope the church in burning destroying Italy The yeere 1174 king Baldowin discomfited the Souldan Saladin at the towne of Tabaria which sometime was called Tiberias after that ouerthrew a second time at the towne of Ascalone The yeere 1179 king Baldowin aforesaid fought againe with the Souldan Saladin at Margelion nigh to the towne of Tabarie where king Baldowin then was discomfited The yeere 1184 began that discention among the Christians in the holy land which was the cause of the losse of the same The originall of which was this Guy of Lusignen hauing married the Lady Sibil sister of the late king Baldowin and widow of William Longuespee Marquis of Monferrato by whom she had a son named Baldowin who at that time but sucked his Nurce to whom appettained the kingdome of Hierusalem the said Guy of Lusignen father in law of the infant would needes haue his title and wardship against the will minde of Bartrand Contee of Tripoly to whose tuition and gouernance the childe was giuen by force of the testament of king Baldowin brother of the said lady Sibell when in the mean time the infant died ther vpon Guy of Lusignen named himselfe king in the right of his wife wherwith the Contee of Tripoly was wonderfully wroth The yeere 1186 Saladin tooke prisoner Guy of Lusignen king of Hierusalem with the maisters of the Templars and of the order of Sainct Iohn that came to succour the towne of Tabarie which the said Saladin had then besieged so as vpon restoring of king Guy the both aforenamed maisters to their liberties Tabarie Lique and Ascalone were rendred to Saladin who in the end wan also the citie of Hierusalem after that the towne of Acres The yeere 1147 the Templars reencountred Saladin nigh to Casal Robert where Saladin ouethrew them slew in fight the maister of the order of Sainct Iohn Hierusalem named Brother Roger dez Molins which hapned the first day of May that yeere In the yeere of our Lord God 1149 ther passed to succour the holy land the Emperour Frederic Barberossee Philip the French King and Richard King of England Frederic tooke his way by land and comming into Cilicia where thorough extreame heate desirous to bath himselfe or as some say in passing the riuer which some doe call Cauno and the frenchmen the riuer of Salif the latins doe name Cydnus which passeth through the famous citie of Tharsus at this present named Therasso was vnfortunatly drowned The two kings his confederates ariued in Sicilia frō the towne of Mossana they passed into the holy land came to the towne of Acre which after two yeeres beesieging they tooke King Richard in his passage thether tooke the Island of Cypres which he gaue to king Guy of Lusignen in exchaunge for the kingdome of Hierusalem But after the taking of Acre king Phillip being sickly returned into Fraunce The yeere 1204 Baldouin Earle of Flaunders and Henry Conte de Sainct Paul with his brother Loys Conte de Sauoy and the Conte Boniface Mont ferrat with a great company assembled themselues at Venice to passe from thence into the holy land To whom the Venetians did graunt ships vpon condition that beefore they passed they should aide them to recouer the towne of Zara in Sclauonie which before had reuolted from them and so hauing done they after proceeded on their voyage to Constantinople whereof they possessed themselues in the Empire which remained in the frenchmens hands about threescore yeares after The yeere 1210. Ichan de Brene maried the daughter of Conrad of Montferrat and the Lady Isabell daughter of king Amaulry who was sister of Baldouin the Meseled and of the Lady Sibel that was wife to Guy of Lusignen Which said Ichan de Brene was made king of Hierusalem crowned at the towne of Tyrus which commonly is called Sur and Sor by reason that it is situated vpon a rocke in the sea But Alexander the great to the intent to winne that towne filled vp all that distance of the sea betwixt the same and the land with stone and earth so as at this day the same remaineth firme groūd which towne of Tirus came into the possession of the said Conte Conrad who afterward was shamefullie on a suddaine murdered by a couple of the sect of the Assassins In the yeere 1216. Pope Honorius the third of that name did send the Cardinal Colonne into Surie accōpanied with Henry Contee of Neuers and Gualtier of Sancerre constable of Fraunce with others in a great nūber who after their landing in Acre discended into Egipt tooke there the towne of Damiat which within sixe yeeres after vpon composition was surrendred to Cordier son of Saladin Souldan of Egipt whom the frenchmen doe call Le Admiral des Cordes In which time also Iehan de Brene king of Hierusalem accōpanied with his brother Garin de Montaguae great maister of the order of Saint Iohns came into Fraunce in passing through Italy the said king of Hierusalem gaue his daughter Yolant in marriage to the Emperour Frederic second son to Henry who was sonne to Frederic Barberousse with the whole interest title which he had to the kingdome of Hierusalem which the Kinges of Sicilia doe intitle themselues to claime at this day The yeere 1229. the said Emperour Frederic departed out of Italy giuing hopes that hee would passe into Surie but incontinently hee returned againe as one hauing small deuocion to performe that voiage In the yere 1230 the aforenamed Soldan Corder caused the vvals of Hierusalem to be
ouerthrovven at such time as the Emperour Frederic persecuting the church gaue beginning to the partialities of the Guelfs Gibelins therwith not contented did call in the Sarazins of Africk to his seruice and gaue to them the towne of Nucera in Italy vvhich yet is called Nucera des Sarazins from vvhich aftervvard they vvere expulsed by the Frenchmen In the yeere 1237 Theobald king of Nauarre Emery Contee of Mont fort Henry Contee of Campaign Barre vvith a great army passed through Hungary Constantinople into Surie and recouered sundry townes which the Sarazins beefore had wonne but encountring with the Soldan Corder beetwixt the tovvnes of Acre and Gazera sometime called Gaza there they vvere discomfited and ouerthrovven by the same Soldan In the yeer of our Lord God 1244 the christians were discomfited at a place called Forbye where were taken the Maister of our order of Sainct Iohns called brother Guillaume de Chastelnâ—uf and the Maister of the Templers named brother Herman de Pierresort the Archbishop of Sury and two sonnes of Signeur de Boteron which otherwise was called Botrus with moe then three hundred Gentlemen At which time likewise the cruell wars by sea began betwixt the Venetians the Geneuoys about the intrest possession of the Monestary of Sainct Saba in the towne of Acre in Sury which may wel be said another cause of y losse of the holy land In the yeere 1249 Lewes the French king otherwise named Sainct Lewes passed the Seas and was taken prisoner before the tovvne of Damiat in Egipt by the Soldan Melechsalem but after his atteined liberty hee recouered the tovvnes of Sidon and Iaffe aunciently called Ioppe before that time taken by the said Soldan I am now come vnto the time that the Tartares inuaded the Turks or Turquimans but to the end it may be better vnderstood how this came to passe froÌ„ whom this people of the Tartares haue their being it behoueth me a little to turne back to begin a little before this time In the yeere 1231. in that country of Tartaria vvhich at this day is called Catay and the Orientall Scythia at vvhich time the Tartares liued vvithout knovvledge of any law or sorme of gouernment there was one by Hayton called Cangy and by Paulus Venetus Chinchis but by Michael a Michou Cinguis beegotten vpon a widdow during hir widdowhood who hauing other children by hir former husband they would haue staine hir all for shee had conceiued this Cangy while shee was widdow howbeit shee so wittely behaued hir selfe in hir words that shee caused them beleeue how she conceiued that birth by force of the beames of the sun other father in name the child had not which opinioÌ„ so taking place was not onely auaileable to the mother but also afterwards to Cangy who coÌ„ming to perfect age brought this barbarous people to beleeue that the almightie God had sent him to bee their king to make them Lords of those other nations to whom euen vnto that time they had ben tributaries by reason they neuer had head to guide the. And so prudentlie this Cangy can led himselfe that he subdued all his neighbours and therefore was â—uâ—named Cangy Can or Cham hee reigned twelue yeeres and died by the stroke of an Arrow which had wounded him in the knee at the aslault of a castellâ—â— his Cangy was the first that perswaded the Tartares to beleeue in one God To Cangy Cham succeeded Hoccata his son who to know countries further of sent ten thousand horse men to inuade the territorie of Cappadocia than possessed by the Turks by whome these Tartares were ouerthrowen with vvhich losse Hoccata being not a little mooued he sent againe thirtie thousand men whom hee called Tamachi that is to say conquerers against whom vpon the fronters of Cappadocia which the Turks call Genech came Guijatadin king of the said Turkes whom Sabellicus doth name Goniat In whose army were two thousand christians the remainder of the forces that before came into Surie conducted by two â— aptains where of the one vvas called Iohn Liminad of the Island of Cypres and the other Boniface du Chasteau a Geneuoys Sabellicus calleth this Boniface Boniface du Molin vvho he saith vvas a Venetian but in that daies deed Guijatadin and his Turks vvere discomfited in the yeere of our Lord God 1239. about vvhich time also Hoccata died leauing behind him three sons the one named Cin vvhom Paul the Venetian calleth Cui and of others Guys Guyscan the second vvas called Iochy the third Baydo or Batho as Michaell of Michou saith After Hoccata his son Cin or Cui succeeded vvhose reigne not long continued Next to him Mango or Mongu whom Sabellicus calleth Metho cosen to the faid Hoccata possessed the Empire of Tartaria This is that Mango Cham to whom Pope Innocent the fourth of that name did send Frees Ascelin one of the order of the Freers Preachers in the yeere of our Lord God 1266. as Vincent the Historial and Michael a Michou doe report IOCHY whom some doe call Iachis one of the sonnes of the sayde Hoccata tooke his way towards the West being the countries of Turquesten and the Corasmins and part of the Region of Persia euen vnto the riuer of Tygris which Hayton calleth Phison but I beleeue that Phison is that Riuer which is called Ganges where Iochy remayned BAYDO or Batho the third sonne of Hoccato passed thorough Russie Cumanie or Comanie and Moscouia and entred into Polone Hungary Austruhe burning and destroying the countries beefore him which afterward thorough famin he was enforced to abandon and so to returne into Tartarie Comanie which is beeyond the sea Maior called Pontus Euxinus but at this day Zauolha and Zahady Some doe affirme that this countrie of Comanie is that which Strabo calleth Cataonia part of Capadocia at this day called Cricassj The sayd Baydo was called by the Polonians Bathy Zaim Cham of whom Tamberlane the great discended as Michael a Mechou saith who did write of these great distructions in these North Regions done by Baydo which was in the yeere of our Lord God 1263. To Iochy in the orient succeded his sonne named according to Hayton Barath and after Paulus Venetus Barachim IN the yeere of our Lord God 1250. or there abouts at such time as king Lewes otherwise called S. Lewes the French king passed the seas The king of Armenie being a christian named Hayton perceiuing that the Tartaires had conquered so many countries and were entred into Natolie purposed to enterteine amitie and league with the said Mango Cham or Mongu VVho as before succeded to his cosin Gin or Cuj son to Hoccata in the realme of Tartarie onely to haue ayde against the Caliph of Baudraz and the Turkes of Damasco Halep Haman other places for which he sent towards him the great Constable of Armenie named Sinebaud but the yeere after he went in person where he obtained such fauor
which vnto that time had endured aboute sixe hunderd yeeres THE yeere of our Lord 1260. Allau and the King of Armeny againe did assemble their armies in the plains of Rohaiz to the ende to recouer the Citie of Hierusalem and the residue of the holy land Who when they had taken the tower of Rohaiz they remoued to Alep which was rendered to them the ninth day after the besieging thereof though the castle of Alep held foorth vnto the eleuenth day after that they besieged the Citie of Damasco which also was rendered where the Souldains of these two places beeing taken prisoners were sent into PERSIA with theyr Wiues and Children The Prince of Antioche at that time was called Raymonde de Austriche that married the daughter of the sayde King Hayton of Armenie to whome were giuen backe all the landes and territories which the Turkes before had bereft him And to the sayde king of Armenie was giuen the sayde towne of Alep and other places which were frontering and nigh to his dominions Howbeit as Allau was nigh to Hyerusalem there came intelligence that his brother Mango was dead Wherevppon Allau purposing to depart into Tartarie leaft in Sury with the king of Armenie a nephew of his called Guibogan named by Sabellicus Garbocao and by others Guithboga with tenne thousand horsemen And so ALLAV departed out of Sury towardes the towne of Almalech where MANGO deceassed But there hee vnderstood that the Tartaires had chosen to theyr King another of his brotheren named Cobila whome Paul the Venetian doth call Cublay with which Cublay the sayde Paul was verie familyar by whome the same Paule was sent into Fraunce vnto Pope Clement the fourth of that name in the yeere of our Lord God 1268. at such time as the French lost the Empire of Constantinople and that Carles de Aniou brother of the king sainct Lewes was made king of Naples and Sicilie Guibogan pursuing his enterprise conquered a great part of Surie with the help of the king of Armenie Howbeit he would not vtterly driue forth the Turks but onely made them Tributaries Whereby it came so to passe that the Christians of Sydon could not there abide the Turkes to bee so nigh their neighbours inuaded certaine villages of the Turkes theyr neighbors being tributaries to the said Guibogan and spoyled them and tooke prisoners of them and draue away their cattell Such as escaped came to Guibogan to complaine Who immediatly sent to the Christians at Sydon for redresse Howbeit in stead of amendes the Christians slew the messengers of Guibogan Wherevpon Guibogan gathered his power against Sydon and in the ende hee ouerthrew the wall of Sydon and the castle of Beaufort and therwith also did set a side a great part of the amitie that beefore hee dyd beare to the Christians of Surye The Christians in Sury being thus at dissention with Guibogan who also was a christian and come vnto their aide the Souldan of Egipt named Cathos and surnamed Melechmees that is to say a King of people made wars vpon Guibogan so that in a battell Guibogan was ouerthrowen and slaine wherby the countrie of Surie remayned vnder the obedience of the said Melechmees sauing certaine townes which the christians kept still in the yeere of our Lord 1274. At which time the towne of Damasco was shamefully lost and beetrayed and sold by a Sarazine that had the same in garde to Melechmees Allau this while being in Persia and aduertised of this ouerthrovv of Guibogan and the victorie of Melechmees thereof giuing intelligence to the kinges of 〈…〉 ie Georgie he raised a great army that ioyning with the forces of these two kings he purposed to haue entred into Surie to haue recouered that which there was lost and being in readines to haue set forward hee was sodainely taken with sicknes wherof within a while after he died Abagan sonne of Allau succeeded his father would not become a Christian as his father was but tooke vpon him the supersticion of the sect of Mahumet and made wars vpon his neighbours whereby the power and might of the Souldans of Egipt began meruailously to augment and encrease insomuch as Bendecar otherwise called Benedecadar whom Hayton calleth Benededar and by himselfe named Melechdaer which signifieth the aboundant or puisant king being Soldan of Egipt did winne the citie of Antioch vpon the christians with sundry other townes and after allied himselfe with the sarrares of Cumdnie and Cappadâ—â—â— after inuaded Armenia during such time as king Hayton the king of Armenia was tournied and gone to Aâ—â—alâ—â—â— towards Cobila or Cublay cham The two sâ—â—â— of the king of Armenia vpon such inua 〈…〉 made by the Souldan encountred â—he Souldan with a great Armie which consisted of twelue thousand horsemen fortie thousand fâ—â—â—â—â—â—n 〈…〉 Souldan ouerthrew them did 〈…〉 with the 〈…〉 of one of those sons of the king of Armenia the other soâ— led captiue into Egipt Hayron hearing of this ouerthrow hastely 〈…〉 Armenia p 〈…〉 g that he could not 〈…〉 of Abagan to 〈…〉 he proceeded no farther but fell to composition with the Souldan Melechdaer and rendred to him the towne of Alep with Sangolassar a nigh kinseman of the said Souldan for the recouerie of his said sonne beeing prisoner as aforesaid who vpon the same conclusions was accordingly redeliuered to his said father King Hayton vpon the returne of the same his sonne did crowne him king of Armenia whose name was Thyuon after that Hayton entred into religion and named himselfe Macarie which signifieth blessed wheÌ„ he had reigned ouer the Armenians fortie fiue yeeres died soone after how beit afore he died he pacified king Abagan with his neighbours the yeere of Grace 1273. After the death of king Hayton Melechdaer that had conquered Antioche Cilicia purposing further to enter into Natolye where were sundrie gouernours Captains of the Tartares beeing subiect to Abagan among whom thene was a Sarazin named Paruana who had secret conference with the Soldan Melechdaer wher of Abagan getting intelligence raised a great army and marched towards the Souldan which the Souldan vnderstanding the Soldan would not abide him but fled Abagan folowed him into Egipt so far as he could for the great heats of the countrie which enbarred him to proceede any further neuertheles in this chase he ouerthrew â—oe than two thousand â—â—â—â—emen pertaining to the said Souldan and after Ab again returned into Natolie tooke Paruana caused him to be sawed in sunder with a sawe after the manner that the Farâ—â—res doe vse so to be cut in goâ—â—iâ—s pecces wherewith they being serued at their table they did â—ated 〈…〉 as the same meat endured After that Abagan had thus set in quietnesse the countrie of Natolie hee offered to giue the same to King Thyuon of Armenia but hee durst not receiue the same through seare of the Souldan of Egipt in excusing curteously himselfe aledging
that the realme of Armenia was big inough for him to gouerne so that to haue greater dominions were but further troubles to him therfore most hartely he thanked him of his most gentle offer which he was bounden to remember vpon due occasion vpon which refusall Abagan committed the gouernaÌ„ce regement of Natolye to sundrie of his owne Captains among the which one named Othoman was one from whom the Princes of the Turks that presently reigne are descended Abagan returned into Persia wher he staied a certaine time and in the meane season he was stirred by the said king Thiuon of Armenia to make war vpon the Soldan of Egipt named Melechsayt that is to say the king desired who succeeded next to Melechdaer molested the said king Thiuon for which cause Abagan did send Mangodanior his brother with thirtie thousand horsemen ioyned with the army of the same King of Armenia against the said Souldan Melechsayt and came before the towne of Hames where they found encamped the armie of the Sarazins and therevpon each side preparing to fight they ordered their armie and deuided them into three battelles whereof the one was vnder the leading of Mangodanior the second was guided by King Thiuon and the third by a Captaine Tartarian named Aâ—â—â—ech or Achmat which signifieth gracious these two so worthely behaued themselues with their battails against the like number of Sarazines that those Sarazins were vanquished and put to flight The meane time Mangodanior who had no manner of experience as it seemed in wars without giueing any manner of charge vpon the enemie which towards him was readie to encounter against him hee gaue himselfe shamefully to flie staied not a whit vntill he came to the riuer of Euphrates which they call Euphra though hee was not pursued or chased at all by the third battell of the Sarazins which consisted of those people called Beduins who in the holy Scripture are named Madiani or Madianites and to succour their companions that were ouerthrowen and fled followed their fellowes so fast as they could but the next day when king Thyu on and Achmet vvere returned froÌ„ the chase to Hames perceiuing that Mangodanior vvas in such order departed they follovved him and ouertooke him at the saide riuer and instantly required him to returne declaring to him hovv they had vvon the battaile put the Sarazins to flight but for any thing they could say or aledge he vvould not returne but immediatly retired tovvards his brother into Persia about the yeere of our Lord God 1282 Abagan beeing not a little displeased vvith the flight and cowardnesse of his brother was purposed to haue gone in his owne person against the Souldain howbeit he was enpoisoned by a Sarazin and died leuing behinde him two sonnes the one named Argon and Ragait Tangodor neuertheles succeded to his brother Abagan being elected by Tartares to be their king this Tangodor was sometime a christian and at the time of his baptisme hee was named Nicolas but through his tomuch keping companie with Sarazins he became a Mahomatist and was named Mahumet he caused to be destroied ouerthrowen all the churches of the Christians within his dominions and entered in amitie and league with Melechsayt Souldan of Egipt wherfore one of his owne bretheren together with his said nephew Argon accused him before Cobila Cham of the aforesaid crimes wherevpon Cobila Cham sent him word and commaunded him to amend and redresse those iniuries which he had done and from thence forth to liue in a better sort or otherwise he would extremely punish him but Tangodor nothing amended with this aduertisement from Cobila Cham in dispight he caused his said brother to be apprehended and to be put to death Howbeit his nephew Argon vpon this escaped from him and fled to the mountaines and after with the aid and helpe of his friends and seruants of Abagan his faide father he surprised and tooke Tangodor and caused him to bee sawen in sunder in the middle after that he had reigned three yeeres in the yeere of grace 1283. Argon after that hee had put to death Tangodor his vncle was elected king but hee would neuer accept the name and title of Cham without the leaue of Cobila who perceiuing the same gladly thereto did condiscend This Argon was a christian and caused to bee reedified repaired the Churches which his vncle wickedly before had destroyed He vvas visited by the kings of Armenia and Georgia to whom hee promised hee would goe vvith them to recouer the holy land but the meane time he died as one that had not the leasure to performe that worthie promise after that he had reigned three yeeres at such time as Melechnazer Souldan of Egipt florished After Argon succeeded Ragayt his brother called by Sabellicus Queghat and by others Tagadayt a man most vnprofitable to rule without either faith or law hated of his owne and vtterly abhorred of straungers he had a son named Cassan Baydo or Bathy and according to Sabellicus called Bandon and had a cosen also called Cassan which succeded him anno domino 1290. This said Cassan Baydo was a christian and honoured the Churches of God and prohibited that none should speake of Mahumet which those that followed the sect tooke it in meruailous euill part and secretly aduertised the said Cassan or Assan which was sonne to the saide Argon that if hee would forsake the christian faith beeing also a christian they would proclayme him king vnto whom this Cassan son to Argon accorded vnder this promise hope Cassan son to Argon raised war against his cosen Baydo which Baydo hearing gathered his power togethers encouÌ„tred Cassan ioyning in battell Baydo was shamefully forsaken by his owne subiects being Mahometists that reuolted to the part of Cassan so Baydo ther was slaine After the death of Baydo Cassan was called king but at the first he durst not declare what was resting secretly in his mind against those who brought him to this dignity by the meanes abouesayde Howbeit when he thought himselfe assured and confirmed in his regall authoritie hee beegan first to shew himselfe a friend to christians and then hee commaunded to bee put to death those who counsailed him to denie the christian faith And after he addressed an armie against the Soldan of Egipt the Sarazins of the which his purpose Cassan aduertised the kings of Armenia Georgie who with their armies came ioyned with him at Baudras and from thence marched to the towne of Hames which is situated in the midst of Sury where the Souldan of Egipt called Melechseraph who had chased the christians out of Sury came against them with a great army encamped in a great medow thereby supposing to haue surprized the christians and albeit he found the christians partlie in disorder and so gaue charge vpon them yet Cassan with the rest of the christians so manfully fought it out that in the end
for their feared harmes is much spoken of you may with others see the manner and growing of this continuing and admired felicitie heere by me deciphered though the meanes how by very few is seene saue such onely as are true spectators and obseruers of high reaching pollicie what my paines hath effected in this point I freely giue as you may boldly chalenge it for your due who desire nothing more then euer to be found the generall and perticuler seruant of your selfe and your most worthy brothers true iointenants by vndeuided moieties as our lawiers terme it of mee and what I may whereof the suruiuor whilst I suruiue may dispose of the whole And so with all duety done which may be demanded of a most affectionate kinsman and seruiceable friend I take my leaue from the middle Temple in London this 20 of March 1600. Your worships of all others most at command R. Carr. The second Booke Of the conquests made by the Turkes and the succession of the house of Ottoman I Supposed to haue ben acquited dispatched from your earnest suits and fully to haue satisfied your demaunds to the best of my knowledge and power touching the affaires and matters concerning the Turks Now you desire of me their progresse and continuances as it were from the father to the sonne how they haue proceeded attained vnto the conquests of so many regions which at this day they possesse and keepe Yet you consider litle the affaires wherwith I am coÌ„tinually occupied nor the imbesilitie of my memorie that so redely should write vnto you a Historie of matters that haue passed two hundred yeeres more in Countries so far of sundry full of vocables names both right strange and different from our vulgar language Wherefore in this request if I satisfie you not in such good sort as your desire yet you ought to accept my paines in good part for be it well or euill it beehoueth mee to doe as you will haue me In the yeere of our lord God one thousand three huÌ„dred at such time as the Emperour Henry the seuenth of that name purposed to renew in Italie the partialities diuisions of the Guelfes Gibelins at which time also reigned in France Philip le Bel there were in Natolie or Asia the lesse certaine Captaines of the Turks wher this nacion had continued euer sithens the passage and famous iourney of Godefroy de Bologne duke of Boullon and there had remained euer since the time that they presented themselues against the army of the christians before the citie of Nice which we may name Victoire anciently called Antigonia vnder their valiant generall named Solyman or Soleyman After which passed an hundred yeeres more that not any did speake of this Nation vnto such time as I haue said there were in Natolie sundry Captaines among the which more famous than the rest were Othman Caraman and Assan or Azam called by way of dignitie Begy or Bey which is as much as Seigneur or Mounsiâ—ur in our English tongue Lord howbeit the Turks doe abstract and withdraw from this word Begy this letter y and so doe call them Othmanbeg Caramanbeg Assambeg Othmanbeg who was very valiant and a man of great actiuitie allied himselfe with two Greeks Reniez and a third being a Turke borne the one of these Greeks was called Michali the other Marco Of the saide Michali are discended the Michalogli of whom there continue some at this day as likewise such of the lignage of Marco who are named Marcozogli the Turke was named Aramy of the race of whom called Auramogly none can be found that any knoweth the successours of this Auramy are accounted and reputed to bee of the bloud royall of the Turks and to them the Empire of the Turks should appertaine if euer the Othmans line should be extinguished With the helpe aid of these three Othmanbag aforesaid became of meruailous credit puissance in such sort as he coÌ„quered sundry cities townes situated vpon the sea side of La Mer Maiour otherwise called in latin Pontus Euxiâ—us amoÌ„g them the towne of Syuas which the Greeks call Sebasie was one which is named by vs in fraunce Auguste Caraman did draw himselfe towards Cilicia where he rested called that region according to his owne name Caramania Assam repaired into Persia which the Turks do call Pharsic as also into Assiria which according to his name he caused to be called Azamie These last two and their successours haue euer sithens beene vnmercifully persecuted by Othman and his posteritie In such sort as vtterly they haue destroied Caraman his bloud gotten his countries But Assambeg notwithstanding which is called the Sophi right valiantlie doth defend his owne and liueth in continuall warres and enmetie with the Othmans This Othman reigned twentie and eight yeeres vnto the beeginning of the reigne of Phillippe de Valloys the french King Which Othman was so surnamed of a certaine towne or castle called Othmanach situated in Natoly betwixt Synope and Trebisonde the famous cities and left a sonne named Orcan who succeded his father in his dominions Orâ—an the sonne of Othman maried the daughter of Caramanbeg and after made cruell war vpon him causing to bee put to death his eldest sonne brother to his wife whom before hee had taken in battaile he tooke also the citie of Bursie which the auncients named Prusias At this very same time Andronico Paleologo then Emperour of Constantinople dieng did leaue his sonnes named Caloiany and Andronico vnder the gouernance regiment of Iohn Catacusan who though hee very prudently behaued himselfe during the time of this his regiment yet through the malice of the Patriarch and of an other person of base conditions and birth howbeit of meruailous credit after with the Emperour Catacusan was expelled who notwithstanding found the meane after to returne againe to Constantinople more strong than beefore and for the more assurance of himselfe he caused his daughter to bee giuen in mariage to the young Emperour Caloiany howbeit they could not so long remaine in concorde but that the Emperour secretly departed to the Isle of Tenedo where an army of the Geneuois to the number of threescore Gallies came to succour him who brought him backe to Constantinople and chased from thence Catacusan Now he immediatly repaired for aide to the Venetians through whose help retourning home assailed the army of the Geneuois riding with their Gallies in the Canall of Constantinople aunciently called Propontis howbeeit the victorie remained to the Geneuois and the Citie with Caloiany who in recompence of their worthy seruice rewarded them and their Captaine named Francis Cataluz with the gift of the Isle of Methelin in times past named Lesbos Who continued the possession thereof vnto the time that Mahumet the second did winne the same from Nicolas Cataluz the last Duke thereof This little deuision engendred after most cruell wars betwixt the Geneuois and the Venetians
if it had not beene that into Natolie was entered the great Prince of Tartary called Tamerlaine or Tamburlaine but by the Turkes Demirling and by some French Historiographers as Enguerrant named Le Grant Tacon de Tartarye but the Tartariens themselues doe call him Temircutlu that is to say the Fortunate Swâ—ord or luckie iron descended of the race of one Cham of Tartarie called Zaym Cham of the Horde or multitude of Zauolba and Czahaday which is towardes the riuer of Rha or Volha which falleth into the Sea Dabacuth by the latins named Mare Caspium and Hircanum which Zaym was he whom the Polonians doe call in their Histories Bathy the first Mahumâ—tist of all the Tartares Tamerlaine was afterward Lord of Tartarie Precopie called by them Prezelzoph situated betwixt the riuers of Tanais which they call Don and Boristhenes called Nâ—per and Dâ—râ—â—z the which countrie of Precopie was in auncient time called Scithia Inferior now in possession of the Turke This Tamerlayne was for the most part resident in the great Citie of Samarcand which is toward the sea Caspium who caused himselfe to bee called the Scourge of God though his verie title of his dignitie was Vlucham which is to say the mightie Lord. Bazait hauing intelligence of the entrie of Tamerlayne into Natoly thought it requisit to raise his siege of Constantinople and with all diligence to encounter with the innumerable army of Tamerlayne where nigh the city of Dangory by our ancients called Ancira not far from the mountaine Stella which Enguerrant de Monstrelet doth call Appadi where Pompeius Magnus ouerthrew the famous Mithridates the mighty armies encountred and cruelly did fight in which conflict Bazait was vanquished and taken prisoner whom Tamerlaine caused to bee bound and made fast with chaines of gold and so to be put in a cage as though hee had beene a Lyon in which sort hee carried Bazait about with him through euery region of Asia as he passed so long as Bazait lined which was not aboue two yeeres after or therabouts who died Anno Domini 1400 after he had reigned twentie seauen yeeres about the twentith yeere of the reigne of Charles the sixth the french king From this conflict escaped certaine of Bazaits sons who supposing to haue passed into Europe chanced to fall into the hands of the Emperour of Constantinople who caused the seas surely to bee kept at that time An other of his sonnes named Cyris and by the frenchmen Quirici whom some also doe call Calapin or Calepin escaped ouer to Adrinopoli whose sirname beeing called Ciris Cheleby was but a little of dignitie and Noblesse giuen to the children of the great Turk as Achmat Cheleby Mahumet Cheleby or Mustapha Cheleby which is as much as to denominate a gentleman according as the Spaniards doe name their Nobilitie Don Alonso or Don Rodrigo and the frenchmen Charles Monsieur or Loys Monsieur being appropriate to their blood roiall Cyris reigned sixe yeeres or thereabouts and left behind him a son named Orcan when as his three bretheren named Musach Mahumet and Mustapha escaped out of Constantinople while the Emperour was gone into Fraunce to the sayd king Charles to require succours against the afornamed Cyris Musach slew Orcan his nephew for recompence himselfe was after slaine by his owne brother Mahumet And than first began they to deuise how the one brother might kill another which vnto this time they haue right well practized and put in vre Mahumet the first of that name after he had slaine his brother Musach vsurped the Empire and recouered all the whole Countries of Natolie which Tamerlayne before had wonne of Bazait This Mahumet remoued his seat imperiall from the citie of Bursie in Natolie to Adrianopoli in Grecia He made wars vpon the region of Valachie which some french histories doe call Valaigne and other Blaquie and of the ancients named Bessi and Triballi He also ouerthrew in battaile the Emperour Sigismond in the plaines of Selumbez and was the first of his nation that passed the riuer of Donaw or Danuby hee subdued the countrie of Bosnia made war vpon Caraman and died the yeere of our Lord God 1418 and in the xxxviii yeere of the reigne of the said King Charles after hee had reigned eighteene yeeres reconing therewith the yeares of Cyris which some doe not and left a sonne called Amurath Amurath the second of that name was in Natolie when his father died whereof so soone as hee was aduertised passed into Europe albeeit the Emperour of Constantinople did what he could to stop his passage who sent against him Mustapha his vncle sonne of Bazait whom the said Emperour had kept prisoner sithens the taking of Bazait as before I haue tolde howbeit Mustapha beeing to weake was vanquished slaine in battaile by Amurath who to reuenge himselfe vpon the Emperor of Constantinople spoiled and burnt the whole territory of Thracia in Grecia and tooke from the Venetians the notable towne of Thessalonica called now Salonichi which Andronico Paleologo before had sold them in dispite of the Emperour Constantine his brother after that the said Amurath entred into Seruia or Rascia constrained George Vucouich the Despot or Prince of that country to giue him in mariage his daughter named Irinye surnamed Catacusine notwithstanding which affinity hee afterward came against this Despot with an army and enforced him to flie into Hungary towards the Emperour Albert sonne in law to the late Sigismond the Emperour leauing his sonne George for the defence of his said Countrie this George was taken by Amurath who caused his eies to bee put forth though he was his brother in law After the death of the said Albert Lancelot brother to the king of Pole was chosen by the Hungarians for their King albeit that Albert had left his wife with childe who after the death of hir husband was deliuered of a sonne that at his Baptisme was also named Lancelot who after waâ— nourished and brought vp vnder the keeping of the Emperour Frederic the third of that name and was the onely cause that the said Lancelot of Polen durst make no maner of enterprize against the Turks nor to inuade them least in the meane time the Emperour Frederic should haue annoied him vpon some other part and so haue set the other Lancelot the true king in his realme of Hungary During this time Amurath who could not long rest besieged Belgrado which they call Nandoralba and Alba Greca and by the Hungariens Chrieschisch but by our elders Taurinum situated betwixt the riuers of Danubia or Donaw and Sauus or Saua vpon a verie necke of lande where those two riuers doe ioyne togethers the which towne of Belgrado the said George Vucouich before had giuen in exchange for others to the said Emperour Sigismond for that it was the key and entrie to the kingdome of Hungarie After which at the suit and perswasion of the same George Vucouich the said king Lancellot raised a very great army
of the saide Amurath and of Iriny a Christian woman daughter to George the Despot of Seruia who beganne to reigne the one and twentie yeere of his age and two yeeres after did winne by assault the Citie of Constantinople Anno Domini 1453. where the Emperour Constantinie was slayne by which it so came to passe that as one Constantine sonne to Helen was the first Emperour of Constantinople so an other Constantine sonne of an other Helen was the last Christian Emperour there This Mahumet proued in the ende neither Musulman or Mahometist for in his infancye hee was instructed in the christian faith by his said mother and after by others in the Turkish supersticion howbeit whan he came to age he cared neither for the one nor other In the beginning of his reigne he caused two of his bretheren being but of very tender age the one of a yeere and a halfe the other not passing sixe moneths olde to be slaine howbeit some doe affirme that the elder sonne was secretly saued an other childe beeing put in his roome who was caried to Venice and from thence to Rome to Pope Calixt who caused him to bee baptised and named Calixt Othman vpon whom the Emperour Frederic afterwards did bestow great liuings Mahumet hauing thus taken Constantinople as I haue declared did inuade the dominions of Hungary and besieged Belgrado from which hee vvas repulsed by the worthie Iohn Huniades that was then within Belgrado with the Cardinall Angelo and the famous gray Frier called Iohn Capistran From this siege Mahumet withdrew himselfe and his army with shame inough for beesides his owne hurts wounds he lost wholy his artillerie baggage with his for euer hope to haue the realme of Hungarie besides hee was compelled wholy to attend the recouerie of the dominion of Moree which the Venetians had wonne from him hauing repaired the Examilo which is a long wall of the length of sixe Italian miles extending from the Gulfe Patras which the latines doe call Sinu Corinthiacus vnto the Bay of Egino named in latin Sinus Megaricus betweene which two Gulfs as it were in the midst of the Istmus not passing sixe miles broad being a peece of grouÌ„d comparable vnto a bridge tyeng the dominion and territorie of Peloponesus vnto the maine land of Grecia the Citie of Corinthe stood sometime of notable fame but now reduced to a little village called Coranto the which long vvall named the Examilo Amurath in his life had caused to bee demolished and cast downe to the end to haue the more easie passage into Peloponesus but when Mahumet came the Venetians hoping they had beene strong inough in a battaile which they fought vvith him vvere cleane ouerthrovven vvhere a great number of Italian Captaines vvere slaine so as Mahumet recouered the chiefe of the territory of Peloponesus foorthvvith againe after vvhich in the very sight of the Venetians hee did vvinne from them the vvhole Iland of Negropont called also Euboea ioyned to the firme main land vvith a bridge vvith the Ilands of Stalimene anciently named Lemnos and Methelin called Lesbos appertaining then to Nicholas Cataluz a Geneuois and so prosecuting his good fortune hee tooke the Isle of Saint Maura called Nerytus and by some Leucas Leucadia together vvith the Isles of Zante aunciently named Zacynthus and Cephalenia called novv Chiphalonie Hee recouered the strong tovvne of Croya after the death of Scanderbeg spoiled the tovvne of Scodra called novv Scutare from Seigneur Aranith Comino or Comnenus surnamed Golent father of Seigneur Constantine vvho then gouerned the Marquesdome of Montferrato after the death of the Duchesse his niece at vvhich time Charles the eight the French King retourned from Naples after all this Mahumet inuaded the territorie of Bosne and tooke the Despot thereof called Stephan Hierchec and of some Historiographers the Duke Latic and caused his head to bee smitten off compelling a yong sonne of this Despot to be made a Renie and to be circumsised in surnaming him Achmath Hee tooke from the Geneuois their towne of Capha auncientlie called Theodosia situated in Prezocopie named by the Geographers Taurica Chersonesus which is as though it were halfe and sland as is Peloponesus and hath on the one side the Gulf of Nigropila called Sinus Carciniâ—â—s on the other the Baye called La Mer Noir named in latin Bâ—cis Paulus from which not very far distant is the famous Gulfe called Palus Meotis commonly named the Gulf de li Tana during which time of these his expedicions exploits in war in countries so farre distant the one from the other hee was assalted in Natolie by Piramet Caraman who enforced him to relinquish his further enterprises Notwithstanding before his departure he tooke the strong fortresse of Mancup or Manlzup situated in the Isthmus or strait peece of ground which knitteth or ioyneth Prezocopie vnto the firme land called by the ancients Taphre now Azan or Assou standing vpon the shore of the Gulf of Tâ—na That done Mahumet retired into Natelie and repulled from thence Caraman inuading the countries of the same Caraman whereof he did win a great part and in his returne tooke the citie of Sinopes the Metropolis of Papâ—lagonia which standeth vpon the coast of the sea called anciently Pontus Euxinus now La Mer Maiour as also vpon the same coast the renowned citie of Trapezonda being the chiefe city of the Empire of Trapezonda where he did put to death the Emperour therof called Dauid Conino or Comnenus who was a Christian discended of the valiaunt Isaac Conino who from a meane Captaine became Emperour of Constantinople after the Emperour Michaell all which troubles aboue said came to passe when as the Hungarians and those of Austrich moued wars against the Emperour Frederic to recouer Ladislaus whom some doe call Lancelot the sonne of Albert to be their king and lord whom Frederic had in keeping yet would not restore him though he was adiudged meete to reigne while Mahumet became thus victorious there did spring a new enemie against him named Vssuncassan or Assambeg the prince of Persia who with a great power of the Persians whom the Turkes doe call Keselbach that is to say red heads by reason that they did weare red hoods entered into Capadoce and Trapesonde and fought two battailes with Mahumet in the first of which Mahumet was ouerthrowen but in the second Assambeg had the worst and therby lost sundry of his dominions This Vssuncassan or Assambeg was sonne in law to the saide Dauid Conyno Emperour of Trebisonde of whom beefore I made mencion who reigned in the yeere of our Lord God 1472. Mahumet thus deliuered of his aduersarie retourned into Caramany after the death of Pyramet Caraman and enforced Abraham his sonne to seeke for succours from the Christians and chiefelie of Pope Pius the second of that name who was determined in person to haue gone against the Turke and for that purpose was repayred to the Citie of
Ancona where hee had in readinesse a great army on the sea but while hee stayed there for the Venetians that should haue accompanied him in the voyage Pius dyed without any further exploit done at that time Whereby it so came to passe that this army being scattered and the Allemans and the Hungarians continuing still at warres this infortunate Caraman not able to resist Mahumet was in the end miserablie slaine by him and by this meane the race of Caraman was vtterly ouerthrowen and his dominions rested in the subiection of the Othmans Mahumet now assured and safe vpon this coast of Cilicia sent Omarbey the Sangiac of Bosnia who was sonne of a Geneuois to pill and ouerrunne the countrie of Istria called Liburnia as likewise to spoile the territorie of Carinthia commonly called Crayn so to furrow the land of Stiria anciently called Valeria now at this day named Steirmarck all which countries are comprehended vnder the name of Illirium This Omarbey in executing his princes commandement passed vnto the region of Frioll which in latin is called Forum Iulii trauesing mightie and great riuers both by foords and bridges made on boates as occasion serued and ouerthrew the armie of the Venetians that came to debat his passage in which conflict were slaine taken a great company of notable good Captaines of Italy Of another part Mahumet did send Athmath Bacha surnamed Ghendich that is to say with a great Tooth sonne of Stephan sometime Despot of Bosnia of whom I dyd speake beefore with a great army by sea into Italy who tooke the towne of Otrantâ— called in latin Hydruntus and of the auncients Iâ—pigium situated in the territorie of Apulia in Italie a little beefore which Mesith Bacha Paleologo discended of the race of the Emperour of Constantinople did beesiege the famous citie of the Rhodes with a mightie army from which hee was repulsed by the Christians that valiauntly defended the same Now Mahumet not contented thus with these three Armies in person went against the Soldain of Egipt but being arriued nigh vnto Nicomedia a Citie of Bithynia in Natoly which Citie at this day is called Comidy and of the Turks Nichor Mahumet died in the yeere of our Lord God 1442 of his age 54. And of his reigne 31. About the ende of Loys the eleuenth and the beginning of the reigne of Charles the eight the French king This Mahumet was called by the Turks Mahumet Boiuc that is to say Mahumet the great who left beehinde him two sonnes the one called Pazait and the other Zizimy which is to say loue for Mustapha his eldest sonne who was Gouernour of Icony called Iconium in Latin dyed soone after the second battell fought as aboue saide against Vsuancssan in which battell Mustapha had very valiantly behaued himselfe PAZAIT otherwise called Bazait the second of that name and the yongest as was supposed of his three Bretheren thorough the aide and fauour of the Ianizares of whom their Laga or Captaine was his sonne in law seized and atteigned the Empire And Zizimy his brother was planted in the Citie of Bursie wherewith and the dominions of the same hee could haue very well contented himselfe But Bazait would not let him rest so nigh for which with the armie that was put in redinesse by his father to haue gone against the Soldan of Egipt he draue his brother Zizimy out of Bursie So as Zizimy for succour was enforced to repaire to the Soldain of whom he was aided both with men and money yet neuerthelesse after he had fought two battels and lost them both hee was in the ende vtterly put to flight by Achmat Ghendich Bacha and not knowing how to recouer himselfe retired into the Isle of Rhodes to require succors of vs Christians being then of the age of eight and twentie yeeres Whereof Bazait beeing aduertised sent great gifts and presents to the great maister and counsaile of the Rhodes beeseeching them to keepe well his brother Zizimy and for the maintenaunce of his estate and entertainment he would cause yeerely to bee payde to them the summe of fortie thousand Ducats as also during the time of his keeping he would make no manner of inuasion vpon the Christians For which this Zizimy for saftie and to keepe Bazait in continuall feare and subiection was sent into the realme of Fraunce where hee continued very long in a house of the order of the Rhodes called Bourgeneuf but after hee was giuen to P. P. Innocent the eight of that name and had to Rome where hee was resident whan Charles the eight inuaded the Realme of Naples who needes would haue Zizimy away with him hopeing by his meanes to recouer the Empire of Constantinople but the P. P. Alexander the sixt of that name perceiuing hee must depart with Zizimy whither hee would or no enpoysened him in such sort as was said that after such his delyuerie hee dyed within three dayes at Tarracine Baizait thus dispatched of his brother beeganne to inuade the Countries of Transyluania and tooke Moncastro standing on the Riuer of Neper called in Lattin Boristhenes with the towne of Lithostomo at the mouth of the riuer of Danubye After which he caused to be put to death his famous Generall Achmat Ghendich Bacha comparable in valour to any excellent man of warre of his time He was sonne to Stephan sometime Despot of Bosnia as beefore I declared This being done to pursue the entent and purpose of his father Mahumet against the Soldain of Egipt and partly to reuenge himselfe vpon the same Soldain for mayntaining of his brother Zizimy against him hee sent a mightie armie into Sury Of the which the Mammaluchs getting intelligence assembled themselues at Antioche marching towardes the Turkes whome they found encamped vnder the mountaine Amanus now called Monte Negro wher they couragiously encountred their enemyes betwixt the same mountain and the Golfe of Layasse which is called in Latin Sinus Issicus Where sometime also Alexander the great discomfited king Darius ouerthrew the Turkes armie and tooke prisoner the Generall of the same called Cherseogli sonne in law of Bazait whom they brought to the Soldain than being at his great Citie of Cair which the Turkes called Mitzir But seeing I am thus chaunced to make mencion of these Mammaluchs I shall not much digresse from my matter if first I shew you what these Mammaluchs are This woord Mammaluch in the Surienne tongue beeing the common language vsed in Africk which wee call Moresque and the most enlarged and extended vulgare speech that at this day is vsed in the world betokeneth or signifieth a seruiteur or soldior This Soldain and the Mammeluchs were of one manner of Religion and liued without marriage as those that are of the order of the Rhodes the knights of Malta doe who aboue their other apparrell vsed to weare a gowne of white Bocassin bright artificially made to shine And as the great Turk hath foure Visir Bacha exceeding the
the residue of his yeeres in quietnesse dyed in his going thither empoysonned as was iudged by his sonne Selym in that they did drinke togethers at their departure Bazait reigned thirtie yeeres lyued threescore and three yeares dyed in the yeere of our Lord God one thousand fiue hundered twelue And in the fourteenth of the reigne of Lewes the twelfth the French king leuing behinde him Selym Achmat and Corchuth SELYM thus hauing attained to the Empire through the meanes aboue declared endeuored himselfe aboue all things to dispatch himselfe from the feare of his bretheren For which first hee caused Corcuth his brother to bee put to death who before had fled to the sea cost ouer against the Island of the Rhodes and there had hidden himselfe vntill hee might haue gotten shipping to haue past vnto the great Maister but being shamefully discouered by one of his owne men in the ende was strangeled with a bow string Achmat his brother dyed by lyke death being taken in battell accompanied with an able armie which hee had gotten togethers thorough the ayde of Siach Ismael and of Campson Ciauri Soldain of Egipt Yet through his fatnesse and vnweldinesse of body whereby hee was not able to abide labour on horseback and so to flye was taken put to death Selym being thus deliuered from his father bretheren deliberated to inuade the Sophy aswell for the auncient enmitie that was betwixt them as to reuenge himselfe of this new iniury for ayding his brother Achmat to make wars against him Howbeit that the more easely he might bring his purpose about he found meanes first to make peace with Lancelot the king of Hungary than for his greater suertie renewed the alliance league that he had with the VenetiaÌ„s after which he set forward towards the PersiaÌ„s whome the Sophy met accompanied with a great nuÌ„ber of men at Armes nigh to Assiria wher these great Princes with their Armies fought a wonderful sore battell in vvhich the Sophy through the Turks Artillery had the worst was put to flight forsomuch as the Persian horses vvere neuer frequented to the noise thundring of artillery which they could not abide to heare This battell vvas fought in the plain of Calderan betwixt the cities of Tauris and Coy which citie of Coy sometime hath bene called Artaxata The maner of this battel is painted in the counsail chamber at Venice vvhich ther I haue seene is reported that Selym caused so to be done sent to Venice to the Senat ther. After vvhich conflict the citie of Tauris came into the hands of the Turks vvith a great part of the Realme of Persia Howbeit the Turks had no long possession of the same For Siach Ismael recouered al that he had lost right soone after In such sort as Thomas the sonne of the said Ismael holdeth the same at this day Selym now retourning out of Persia came to Trebizonda where he taried all the winter but the sommer next ensuing he inuaded the prince Aladolus othervvise called Anardule vvho frontered vpon the Soldain of Egipt towards a Towne of his called Alep by the french men named Halappe by the Turks Adelphe by our anciants Epiphania supposed to be called Aleph because it is the first Towne which that vvay leadeth into Sury Vpon an other coast he bordereth on the Turks toward the prouince of Icony vnto Armenia the lesse pertaining to the Persians All this country of Anadule vvas subdued by Selym Anadule himselfe taken and his head smitten off by commaund There rested now no mo in the contrary of Selym but onely the Soldain of Egipt vvho vvith a great Armie vvas come against Caythby the Emyr of Alep vvho being subiect to the Soldain had reuolted against him The armie of the Soldain was supposed to be about eight twentie thousand Horsemen the most part of vvhich consisted of the order of the Mameluchs vvho litle estemed the Turks considering that heretofore they had encountred them in other vvars giuen them the ouerthrow as before is declared But Selym politickly feigning as though he purposed to inuade the Sophy vvhereof he made a bruit to runne vvhan he vvas come nigh vnto the Towne of Aman called by our ancients Apamea situated betwixt Alep and Damas vvas instantly required prayed by the sayd Caithby to giue him succours and ayde against the Soldain Wherunto Selym accorded right soone as he that found vvhat he desired and a redy occasion for vvhich he had long looked Yet vvould he not vtter his thoughts therein least the two armies of the prince and subiect being ready in the feeld to fight and perceuing his purpose vvho in taking part sought so to ouer throw them both should accord togethers against him Wherfore immediately he raigned with the Emir Caith by bidding defiance to the Souldain Campson Ciauri with vvhom he fought in set field vvhere the Souldain vvas slaine and Caithby also as some doe say vvherby Selym remained Lord ouer all Siria Damas. Hierusalem Iudea The Mâ—mcluchs vvho saued themselues in that battaile returned into Egipt vvhere vvith the others there they chose an other Souldain named Tomombey vvho before vvas Emyr of Alexandria hovvbeit Selym hotly follovving his fortune and victories entred into Egipt vanquished Tomombey in an other battaile tooke the great citie of Caire vvhich of some vvrongfully is called Carra named of other by more aparant reason Memphis vvhere vvhilst Tomombey vvould haue saued himselse on the other side of the riuer Nyle he vvas pursued by Canogly vvho passed the riuer by ships vvith ten thousand Horsemen the bridge that vvas made on boats ouer the same being cloyed vvith Ianizaries so as he vvas not able to passe that vvay by vvhich Canogly Tomombey being taken and brought back to Selym caused him straight to be strangled vvhereby the said Selym remained King of Egipt Anno Domini 1518. These victories thus attained Selym returned to Constantinople and purposing to remoue to the Citie of Adrianople died in his iournyeng at a village called Chiorlich vvhere before vvith his Tartarians he did fight vvith his father Bazait and vvas ouerthrowen Thus he died in the yeere of our Lord God one thousand fiue hundred and twentith of his reigne the eightenth yeere of his age the sixe forty yeere and of the reigne of the right Christian king Erancis the French King the eight yeere After that he had put to death three of his most worthy Bachas Chenden Bacha because he would haue mutined his Iannissaires entring into Persia Bostangi otherwise called Constantin Bacha his sonne in law for sundry exactions and spoiles that he had committed Ianus Bacha wher of none could tell the cause sauing that Selym thought him to be high minded This Selym left but one sonne named Solyman called by the Turks Selyman whom he recommended to the custody of Peribacha who before had gouerned him in his youth SOLYMAN came to his reigne the xxviij yeere
which the generall of the Venetians did not deny him Whom Hieronimus Zanius himselfe within few daies followed leauing behinde him with the charge of the army chiefe command Sebastian Venerio but the said Zanius ariuing at Corcira the senate of Venice with much contempt did there abrogate his authority and from thence sent him to Venice prisoner So this yeere thus vnprofitably spent and with infinit charge wastfully cast away this Christian fleet furnished of euery thing requisit as souldiours captaines munityon mony victualls and in deede what not who had in admirable expectation of some worthy exployt drawen the eyes of all Europe most by their variable different and deldying counsells partly by tempests the pestilence which in short time had consumed many numbers of gallie slaues and marriners became vtterly frustrate When Pialis Bassa who by spyes had vnderstoode of the departure of Auria and the Venetians from Creet passing by Rhodes and after by the 〈…〉 Ilands returned to Constantinople But Mustapha Bassa that had taken Nicosia and now enforcing the course of his victory had besieged Famagosta hee I say leauing in the harborough and other parts of the Iland sufficient strength against incursions drew the residue of his forces to winter in other garrisons Now the Venetians hauing theyr Nauy thus returned vvithout aught vvorthelie executed created a triumuitate Capitall for the finding forth and punishing of all such as arightly might be sayd to haue bene faultie in that fleet vvhereby that expedition had no better successe their vvars prouision to so small purpose spent and so great an ouerthrow vvith derogation to the honor and reputation of the Venetian name had happened They likewise laboured to compounde a Peace vvith the Turks for vvhich cause they sent to Constantinople Iacobus Ragazonus to deale vvith Mahomet Bassa vvhom they vvell hoped to haue found fauorable and better inclining thervnto then the rest But all this in vaine therefore vvith great care and industrie they procure the contract of a league or confederacie betwixt themselues the Pope Pius Quintus Phillip king of Spaine by sundrie extraordinarie meanes they leuie hugeâ—summes of monie and repaire vvith larger prouision their vveather beaten and vnarmed Gallies of Corcyra Committing the vvhole charge and commaund of these affaires to Sebastian Venerio then Gouernour of Creet vvhilst in the meane time Pertai Bassa made by Silimus high Admirall of all the Turkish forces by Sea landith in Cyprus a new power and Mustapha Bassa chiefe Generall of all the Armie by land vvith much extremitie as hardly beseeged the Citie of Famagosta vvhan the vvorthie Captaines Marcus Antonius Bragadenus Astor Beleonius Lodouicus Martinigus and Laurencius Tenpolus most valiantlie for the said Venetians defended The Citie Famagosta is seated in the East part of that Isle towards the Syrian sea not farre from Constantiâ— famous for that vvorthy Bushop Epephanius vvhich is supposed to be the same Salamis antiently inhabited of those kings of Teucria This Citie of Famagosta vvas built and enlarged by Henry of the Famely of Lusignana King of Cyprus about the yeere of Christ 1295. at vvhat tyme Ptolemais vvas lost vvhich vvhilst it was possessed of the Christians vvas that famous Staple vvherein the trafficke of all commodities comming either from the East or West continents vvas exercised But Famagosta although both by Nature and Art strongely fortefied beeing beefeiged and assalted by this huge Armie of the Turkes with all meanes which open vvarre or secret pollicie could deuise at length after eleauen monthes defence vveakened vvith extremities and voyde of all hope or ayde vvas brought to those difficulties as they vvere enforced to render the same to Mustapha vppon composition that so their liues goods and the vse of Religion to those Christians that would remaine ther should be free to the rest not willing passage might be had safe coÌ„duct to depart But the perfedious Turke litle regarding his faith or Soldiours assurance formerly giuen vvhen the said Captains and Magistrats accompanied vvith a trayne of their valiant vvarlike companions to whom by name he had giuen their safe conducts approched his tent gaue order all should be kild Anthonius Bragadenus onely excepted to whom after three seuerall coÌ„mands in his presence to haue his head cut of yet changing his purpose for the greater ignomenie permitted his nose onely eares to be lopt away And vvheras three hundreth besids of the Christians vvere come forth into the Camp vpon securitie of the peace these as the rest he bid should be pittifully slain And for such as were gone abord the ships in hope to haue sailed for Creet he caused them besids the dispoiling of their goods to be made all Gally slaues After which Mustapha the next day entring the Citie Teupolus by his command was strangled And Anthonius Bragadenus the cities gouernor thus deformed dismeÌ„bred in his nose and eares after he had by way of mockery carried in show about the most special famous parts of the citie reuiling him with all kinde of villanies caused his skin whilst he was yet quick to be fleane of the which torment Bragadenus with great constancie endured calling God for witnesse reuenge of so monstrous crueltie and perfedious brech of faith These things thus executed in Cyprus the Turkish nauie on purpose to vvith-hould the Venetians from attempting aught for the regayning of the sayd Isâ—e entred the Gulfe of Venice persecuting all such Cities on the coast of Dalmatia both by sea and land as vvere vnder the obedience of the sayd Venetians Whilst in the meane tyme the confederate Nauie of the Christian Princes verie leasurely vvere assembled at Sicilta The Generall whereof vvas Don Iohn de Austria the base begot sonne of Charles the fith and brother to Phillip King of Spaine vvho enbarking at Barcilona brought vvith him along to Genua Rodolph and Ernestus the sonnes of Maximilian the second then Emperour From whence goeing to Naples and thence sailing to Messana in Sicilia he there expects the rest of the associate leaguers vvhich vvere one hundreth and eight Gallies of the Venetians from Creet and elsewhere thirtie from Naples twelue from Panormos twelue from Genua vnder the conduct of Andreas Auria twelue from the Pope vvhose Captaine vvas Marcus Antonius Columna foure from Malta vvith some others out of Spaine which all of them should ther meete together Where now though late being assembled vpon the fourth of September they vveyed their Ancors in Messana Port and coasting the Salentine and Lacinian promontorie they passed the Ilands of Corcyra and Cephalenia and came to the Gulfe of Corinth vvhere they vnderstood that the Turkish fleete at the Ilands Echinadas vvere then remayning In this Turkish Nauie vvere chiefe of commande Hali Bassa the Admirall Pertai Bassa Lusalis King of Algier Hamsam sonne of Barbarussa the Sirâ—ch of Alexandria vvith others to vvhome the great Seignior had giuen command that in any case the Christian fleete should not