Selected quad for the lemma: king_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
king_n	duke_n	earl_n	son_n	38,738	5	5.4501	4	false

Text snippets containing the quad

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A05269	The copie of a letter sent out of England to Don Bernardin Mendoza ambassadour in France for the King of Spaine declaring the state of England, contrary to the opinion of Don Bernardin, and of all his partizans Spaniardes and others. This letter, although it was sent to Don Bernardin Mendoza, yet, by good hap, the copies therof aswell in English as in French, were found in the chamber of one Richard Leigh a seminarie priest, who was lately executed for high treason committed in the time that the Spanish Armada was on the seas. Whereunto are adioyned certaine late aduertisements, concerning the losses and distresses happened to the Spanish nauie, aswell in fight with the English nauie in the narrow seas of England, as also by tempests, and contrarie winds, vpon the west, and north coasts of Ireland, in their returne from the northerne isles beyond Scotland.	Burghley, William Cecil, Baron, 1520-1598.; Leigh, Richard, 1561?-1588, attributed name.; Mendoza, Bernardino de, 1540 or 41-1604.	1588 (1588)	STC 15413; ESTC S108408	47,041	60

London whereby they haue obserued the countrie and the people doe speake marueilously thereof counting the same inuincible otherwise then by treason of some great partie within the Realme But whether all these spéeches which are commonly reported of them procéede from their hartes or that they speake thus to please the English because they are well vsed by them who also are easily deceiued with flattery I know not but sure I am they do thus speake dayly with outward shewe of great passions against such as haue bene perswaders to the King for this iourney Diuers of them also which are of good iudgemēt haue heard of such of the English banished men as haue bene in Spaine haue knowen some of them there as of long time Sir Francis Englefield of late the Lord Paget his brother haue curiously inquired of what power they were credit here to haue a partie They also inquired of the Earle of Westmerland although of him they confesse he is a man but of small gouernement But our Aduersaries here haue so abased these all the rest to haue bene of no credit to cary any numbers of men but by the Quéenes authoritie when they were at their best as the prisoners wonder how the king could be so deceiued to giue them pentions otherwise then for charitie because of their religion But they confesse they haue often heard in Spaine how the King was once notably deceiued when one Thomas Stukeley a priuat Englishman who fled out of Ireland for debt other lewd Actions into Spaine not being worth one peny his debts being paied but the second sonne of a meane Gentleman pretended and was beléeued in Spaine by so intitling of him selfe to be a Duke a Marquis and an Earle of Ireland and so was a long time enterteined as a man that could do great seruice against the Quéene of England vntill at length the King vnderstood his falshood and banished him out of Spaine And after repairing to Rome was by the Pope also mainteined for a time vntill he was discouered euen by some good Catholiques that could not endure the Popes holines to be so grossely mocked of whom some of the prisoners vsing mery spéeches how both the Emperour Charles and afterward this King and the Pope were so notably deceiued by this Stukeley do conclude merely that they thinke some of these English that haue thus abused the King haue followed Stukeleys steppes And in very truth I and many others haue bene very often ashamed to heare so brode spéeches of the King and of the Pope yea of the Emperour Charles whom such a companion as Stukeley was could so notably deceiue and it was the more to be marueiled how he could deceiue the King Catholique considering he was knowen to many of his Counsell at the Kings being in England to haue bene but a vaunting beggar and a Ruffian and afterwards a Pirat against the Spaniards Now my Lord Ambassadour by these my large relations of the things euil past and of the opinions of such as I haue lately dealt withall with mine owne conceit also which I doe not vainely imagine your Lordship may sée in the first part our present calamitie and miserable estate in the second part the state of this Quéene her Realme her people their mindes their strength so far contrary to the expectation of the Popes holines the King Catholique and specially of you my Lord and all others that haue bene in hand these many yeares with this Actiō as I know not what course shal or may be thought méete to take séeing it is séene by experience that by force our cause cannot be reléeued Neither will any change amend the matter when this Quéene shall end her daies as all Princes are mortall For both the vniuersalitie of the people through the Realme are so firmely and desperately bent against our religion as nothing can preuaile against their vnited forces and whosoeuer shall by right sucéede to this Crowne after the Quéene who is likely to liue as long as any King in Christendome if the Crowne should come to the King of Scots or to any other of the blood Royall as there are very many within this Realme descended both of the Royall houses of York and Lancaster there is no accompt to be made but euery one of them that now liue at this day are knowen to be as vehemently disposed to withstand the authoritie of the Pope as any of the most earnest Protestant or Heretique in the world So as to conclude after all circumstances well considered for the present I know no other way but to commit the cause to Almightie God and to all the Saints in heauen without continuall prayers and in earth to the holy Counsels of the Pope and his Cardinals with our supplications to reléeue the afflicted number of our exiled brethren and to send into the Realme discrete holy and learned men that may only in secrete maner without intermedling in matters of estate by teaching vs confirme vs in our faith and gaine with charitable instruction others that are not rooted in heresie And for reliefe of such as are forced to pay yearely great sommes of money out of their reuenue because they forbeare to come to the Church it were to be charitably considered whether there might not be some dispensation from the Popes holines for some fewe yeares to tollerate their comming to the Church without changing of their faith considering a great number do stand therein not for any thing as they say vsed in this Church that is directly contrary to Gods law but for that the Rites and praiers though they are collected out of the body of the Scripture are not allowed by the Catholique Church and the head thereof which is the Popes holines and for that cause iustly al true Catholiques accompt this Church to be schismaticall By which remedie of tolleration a great number of such as will be perpetually Catholiques might enioy their liuings and libertie and in proces of time the Catholique religion by Gods goodnesse might with more suretie be increased to the honour of God then euer it can be by any force whatsoeuer For so did all Christian religion at the first begin and spread it selfe ouer the world not by force but only by teaching and example of holines in the teachers against all humane forces And so I will end my long Letters with the sentence which King Dauid vsed foure times in one of his Psalmes Et clamauerunt ad Dominum in tribulatione eorum de angustia eorum liberauit eos And so must we make that for our foundation to lay our hope vpon for all other hopes are vaine and false At London the of August 1588. AFter that I had made an end of this my letter which I found by perusall thereof to haue bene at more length then I looked for although the matters therein conteined did draw

after the English Fléete parted frō them the Spanish Fléete cast out all the horses mules into the sea to saue their water which were caried in certaine Hulks prouided for that purpose The reexamination of Iohn Anthonio of Genua mariner 15. September 1588. HE saith his father and him selfe with others came into Lisbone in a ship of Genua about a yeare sithence where they were embarqued by the King of Spaine that ship was of about foure hundred tonne He saith his father after this was appointed Pilote in the ship called our Lady of the Rosarie of the burden of a thousand tonne being the Kings he saith the Prince of Ascule y e Kinges base sonne came in the companie of the Duke in the Dukes ship called the Gallion of S. Martine of a thousand tonne but at Callice when y e English Nauy came neare thē this Prince went to the shore before his returne the Duke was driuen to cut his Ankers and to depart whereby the Prince could not recouer that ship but came into the said shippe called our Lady of the Rosarie and with him there came in also one Don Pedro Don Francisco and seuen other Gentlemen of accompt that accompanied the Prince He saith the Captaine of this ship was Villa Franca of S. Sebastians and Matuta was Captains of the Infanterie of that ship There was also in her Captaine Suwares a Portingall and one Garrionero a Castillian Captaine Lopicho de la Vega a Castillian Captaine Captaine Montanese a Castillian and one Captaine Francisco a Castillian and Michael d'Oquendo who was Generall of this ship There was also in her one Irish Captaine called Iohn Rise of about thirtie yeares of age and one other Irish man called Francis Roche The Prince was of about eight twentie yeares of age He saith there were other Gentlemen Aduenturers in the ship but not of that reckoning as the former were He saith there were in all seuen hundreth men in this ship at their comming foorth he saith there were about fiue hundred in this shippe at such time as she sonke the rest perished by fight and by sicknesse He saith this ship was shot thorough foure times and one of the shot was betwéene the wind and the water whereof they thought she would haue sonke and the most of her tackle was spoyled with shot this shippe stroke against the rockes in the sound of the Bleskyes a league and a halfe from the land vpon Tuesday last at noone and all in the ship perished sauing this examinat who saued himselfe vpon two or thrée plankes that were loose the Gentlemē thinking to saue themselues by the bote it was so fast tied as they could not get her lose whereby they perished he saith as soone as the ship stroke against the rocke one of the Captaines slue this examinates father saying he did it by treason He saith there came in their company a Portingall ship of about foure hundreth who comming into the same sound cast anker neare where they found the Admirall of the Fléet at Anker called S. Iohn in which Don Martine de Ricalde the Admirall was he saith that about two and twentie dayes past the Duke departed from them and about fiue and twentie ships in his companie and about fortie ships were with the Admirall but this ship was not able to follow the Admirall by reason her sayles were brokē and for the rest of the Nauie that remained they were so dispersed as he cannot tel what is become of them He saith the Duke being better watered then the others were held more Westerly into the seas and willed the Admirall with his company being in worse estate for water to sée if he could touch with any coast to get fresh water sithence which they haue bene seuered by the nights and by tempest he saith this ship nor any other of the shippes touched vpon any land nor had any reliefe of water or victuall at any place sithence they parted but from two Scottes which they tooke vpon the coast of Scotland whose fish and victuall the Duke tooke but paied them for it He saith their ships were so beaten and the winde so contrary and the sholles vpon the coast of Flanders so daungerous as the Pilot that was in the Dukes ship directed them this course Northward as their safest way He saith that in one of the dayes in which the fight was betwéene both the Nauies the Duke séeing the English Fléete so hardly to pursue them willed his Fléete seing no other remedy to addresse thē selues to fight He saith that in that day of the fight at Callice they lost foure thousand men in fight one thousād were drowned in two ships he saith y e master of the Cauallary of the Tercij of Naples and Sicile was slaine in this fight by a great péece that brake his thigh his name he remembreth not at which time also the Maister of the Campe of the horsemen and the Maister of the Campe of the footmen were both slaine but their names he remembreth not He saith the foure Galliasses were of Naples He saith the foure Gallies left y e Fléete before they came to y e English by well neare xl leagues He saith the Florentine ship is gone with the Duke He saith there were xiiii Venetian ships in this Fléete two of them he saith are drowned what is become of the rest he knoweth not they serued the king but by arrest he saith there be thrée English men Pilotes in the Dukes ship He saith this ship that is drowned hath in her thrée chests ful of money he doth not know what moued the Duke to cōmand that y e whole Nauie that remained should repaire to y e Groine and not to depart without his direction vpon paine of death The examination of Iohn Antonio de Moneke xxx miles from Ganna 17. September 1588. HE saith the Prince of Ascule was a slender made mā and of a reasonable stature of xxviii yeares of age his haire of an aborne colour stroked vpward of a high forehead a verie little beard marquesotted whitely faced with some little red on the chéeks he was drowned in apparrell of white satten for his doublet and bréeches after the Spanish fashion cut with russet silke stockings When this Prince came into their ship at Callice he was apparelled in blacke rased veluet laid on with broade gold lace He saith that this Princes men for the most part were in the shippe that this examinat was in from their comming out of Spaine and when they were at Callice the Prince passed in a litte Phelocke with six others from ship to ship to giue order to them and some said he went to the shore at that time He saith it was thought to be about lx leagues West from the Northwest part of Ireland that the Duke departed from the rest of the companie Hee saith they parted by a tempest growing in the night that about sixe daies

of the Iesuites that more care and choice be had of such English men as are hereafter to be sent into England and not to send euery yong man that hath more boldnesse then learning and temperance for such a function In the former part of this my declaration to you of the vniuersall concurrence of all men of value wealth and strength in the body of the Realme to serue and defend the Quéene the Realme I forgot to report vnto you the great numbers of Ships of the subiectes of the Realme as of London and other port townes and cities that voluntarily this yeare were armed able to make a full Nauie of themselues for an armie all at the proper costes of the Burgesses for certain moneths with men victuall and munition which did ioyne with the Quéenes owne Nauie all this Sommer a thing neuer in any former age heard of otherwise then that such ships were alwayes hired waged victualled by the Kings of the Realme which argued to the griefe of me and some others a most vehement and vnaccustomed affection deuotion in the Cities and port townes such as they shewed them selues therein ready to fight as it had bene pro aris focis Of the number and strength of the Quéenes owne ships of warre I thinke you haue bene sufficiently enfourmed many times heretofore But yet I will make you a true report of the state of them this present Sommer what I haue credibly heard thereof because I haue bene very sory to heare how you others haue bene therein abused and that not onely in this matter of the Quéenes ships but in some other things also of late whereof some part hath bene here by very many maliciously and in common spéeches imputed to your owne inuention and publication whereof in a few wordes I will make some digression before I shall shewe the estate of the Quéenes Nauie In this Sommer past there was Printed in Paris by your direction as it was reported a notable vntruth which I did sée reade that the King of Scots had besieged Barwicke and had won it by assault and possessed it quietly whereof no part was true nor any cause to imagine the same though I wish it had so bene but not for any good will that I now beare to that King but for the trouble to this Quéene For in truth there is no good for vs to be hoped for from the King of Scots howsoeuer the Scottish Bishops in France haue sought to make you beléeue otherwise who is so rooted in the Caluinists Religion as there is neuer hope that he can be recouered to the church of Rome and so I thinke you are of late duely enfourmed and by his violent actions against diuers Catholiques against all that fauour the Spaniards may certainly appeare And likewise another great vntruth was lately Printed as your enemies say by your direction also in Paris that now in Iuly last when the Spanish Fléete and English had met and fought betwixt France and England the Spaniards had then a great victorie wherein they had sonke the Lord Admirall of England with sixtéene of the Quéenes great ships into the bottome of the Seas and that all the rest were driuen to flie with the Uice admirall Frances Drake Upon these two so notable vntruthes which the Aduersaries spitefully called Don Bernardin Mendozas mendacia many who honour you were right sory that you should giue so hastie credite to publish the same as your enemies say you did though I haue to my power for cléering of you honour giuen it out that these and such like haue procéeded of the lightnes of the Frēch who cōmonly Print more lies then truths in such doubtfull times and not of you whose honour and wisedome I thought would not be iustly touched with so great vntruthes and lies considering alwayes a small time will discouer things that are in facts reported vntruly and bringeth the Authours to discredit and infamy There hath béene a spéech also reported here to haue procéeded from you in France that hath caused a great misliking of you in Scotland which is that you should in open assembly and in a brauery say that the young King of Scots whom you called in your language a boy had deceiued the King your master but if the Kings Nauy might prosper against England the King of Scots should loose his Crowne and of this the King of Scots hath bene aduertised out of France and vseth very euill language of you which I will not report But now to leaue this digression and to returne to let you know the truth of the state of the Quéens Nauy this Sommer The same was in the beginning of the yeare when the brute was brought of the readines of the Kings Armada in Lisbone and of the Army by land vpon the Sea coasts in Flanders with their shipping deuided into thrée companies the greatest vnder the charge of Charles L. Haward high Admirall of England whose father grandfather vncles great vncles and others of his house being of the noble house of the Dukes of Norfolke had also bene high Admirals afore him wherof both France and Scotland haue had proofe An other company were appointed to remaine with the L. Henry Seymour second son to the Duke of Somerset that was Protector in King Edwards time brother to the now Earle of Hartfort and these companies for a time continued in the Narrow seas betwixt England and Flanders vnder the charge of the said high Admirall to attend on the Duke of Parmas Actions A third company were armed in the West part of England towards Spaine vnder the conduct of Sir Francis Drake a man by name and fame knowne too too well to all Spaine and to the Kings Indias and of great reputation in England and this was compounded partly of some of the Quéenes owne ships and partly of the ships of the West parts But after that it was certainely vnderstood that the great Nauy of Spaine was ready to come out from Lisbone and that the fame therof was blowne abroad in Christendome to be inuincible and so published by bookes in print the Quéene and all her Counsel I am sure whatsoeuer good countenance they made were not a little perplexed as looking certainely for a daungerous fight vpon the Seas and after that for a landing and Inuasion Whereupon the Lord Admirall was commaunded to saile with the greatest ships to the West of England towardes Spaine to ioyne with Drake whom he made Viceadmiral to continue in the seas betwixt France and England to stop the landing of the Nauy of Spaine And with the Lord Admirall went in certaine of the Quéens ships the Lord Thomas Haward second sonne to the last Duke of Norfolke and the Lord Sheffeld sonne to the Admirals sister who is wife to the Quéenes Ambassadour in France with a great number of Knights of great liuelode And at that time

Subiects to a Soueraigne all which she acquited with very Princely thanks and good spéeches I could enlarge this description with many moe particularities of mine owne sight for thither I went as many others did and all that day wandering from place to place I neuer heard any word spoken of her but in praising her for her stately person and Princely behauiour and in praying for her life and safety and cursing of all her enemies both Traitours and all Papists with earnest desire to venter their liues for her safety And besides such particular Acclamations the whole Army in euery quarter did deuoutly at certaine times sing in her hearing in very tunable maner diuers Psalmes put into forme of Praiers in praise of almighty God no waies to be misliked which she greatly commended with very earnest spéech thanked God with them This that I write you may be sure I do not with any comfort but to giue you these manifest Argumentes that neither this Quéene doth discontent her people nor her people do shewe any discontentation in any thing that they be commaunded to do for her seruice as heretofore hath bene imagined She had also an Armie of about fortie thousand footmen and of sixe thousand horsemen vnder the charge of the Lord Hunsdon Lord Chāberlein as Lieutenant of that Army made ready from the Inland partes of the Realme to be about her owne person without disarming the maritime Counties so as many marched out of sondry Countries towards her at the very time that she was in the Camp some came to the Suburbes Townes neare London whom she remaunded to their Countries because their Haruest was at hand and many of them would not be countermaunded but still approched onward on their owne charges as they sayd to sée her person to fight with them that boasted to conquere the Realme But though the greatest nomber of the said souldiours were compelled to returne yet the Captaines Leaders and the principall Knightes and Gentlemen came to the Court to offer their seruice those were gratiously accepted of her with many thankes and are now for the more part returned with a full determination and firme promise to continue their Bands in such redines as vpon a few houres warning they will assuredly returne with them in good array Beside these foresaid Argumentes to disproue the opinion of discontentment of the people which heretofore hath bene thought a great furtherance to this honorable action I will also remember you some other more notable Actions to proue both contentation and readines in all the Nobilitie of the Realme at this time that were not tyed to abide in their countries by reason of their offices as Lieutenantes and Gouernours there for Martiall seruices For assoone as it was heard that the Quéene was come nere London and that the Armies were in gathering to come out of the countries for defence of all Inuasions and reportes brought from the sea coasts of the apparance of the Spanish Nauie all the Noble men in the Realme from East and West from North and South excepting onely such great Lordes as had speciall Gouernementes in Countries that might not lawfully be absent from their charge and some few that were not able to make forces according to their desire came to the Quéene bringing with them according to their degrées and to the vttermost of their powers goodly Bands of horsemen both Launces light horsemen and such other as are termed Carabins or Argeletiers lodging their Bands round about London and maintaining them in pay at their owne charges all the time vntill the Nauie of Spaine was certainly knowen to be passed beyond Scotland And of these Noble men many shewed their Bands of their horsemen before the Quéene euen in the fields afore her own gate to the great marucile of men of good iudgement as I heard reported for that the number of them was so great and so well armed and horsed as knowing that they were no parcell of the numbers of horsemen limited in euery Countrie and put into Bands with y e Armies described it was thought before they were séene that there had not bene so many spare horses of such valour in the whole realme excepting the North part of England towards Scotland whose forces consist chiefly of horsemen The first that shewed his Bands to the Quéene was that Noble vertuous honorable man the Viscount Mountague who howsoeuer men do iudge of him for opinion in Religion yet to tell you the truth he is reported alwaes to haue professed as now also at this time he did professe and protest solemnely both to the Quéene and to all her Court in open Assemblies that he now came though he was very sickly and in age with a full resolution to liue and die in defence of the Quéene and of his countrie against all Inuaders whether it were Pope King or Potentate whatsoeuer and in that quarell he would hazard his life his children his lands and goods And to shew his minde agréeably thereto he came personally himself before the Quéene with his Band of horsemen being almost two hundred the same being led by his owne sonnes and with them a yong child very comely seated on horseback being the heire of his house that is the eldest sonne to his son heire a matter much noted of many whom I heard to commend the same to sée a grandfather father and sonne at one time on horsebacke afore a Quéene for her seruice though in truth I was sory to sée our Aduersaries so greatly pleased therewith But I cannot conceale it from your Lordships knowledge because I thinke this Noble man is knowen vnto you hauing bene vsed as an Ambassadour to the King Catholique many yeares past by this Quéene as I haue heard to require confirmation of the treaties of amitie betwixt both their Fathers And of this Noble mans conditions I thinke there be some others of whom there is no accompt to be made that they will giue sauour to any attempt against the Quéene or to any Inuasion of the Realme There were also many at the same time that made shewes of great numbers of seruiceable horses whereof though it be no comfort to you to heare yet is it good that you be not abused for lacke of knowledge how the present state is here that you may better iudge hereafter what may be done to recouer this late losse and dishonour At this time the Earle of Lincolne and the Lord Windesore with some Knights and Gentlemen with them shewed their Bands as the Lord Montague had done and after them the Lord Chancelour shewed goodly Bands of horsemen and footmen at his owne house very manie and strong And within one or two daies after the Earle of Warwicke the Lord Burghley Lord Treasurer the Lord Compton and in the end of the day the Earle of Leycester and the Lord Rich besides sundry Knights of

me therto and that I had made choice of a friend of mine who had more knowledge in the French tong then I to turne the same into French my mishap was that when he had done some part thereof he fell sicke of a burning feuer whereby my letter remained with him vpon hope of recouery for tenne or twelue daies and séeing no hope thereof I entreated another very trustie a sound Catholique hauing perfect knowledge in the French tong who tooke vpon him to put it into French wherein was also longer time spent so as my letter being written in the midst of August I am forced to end it in September And thereupon I thought good whiles my former letter was in translating to adde some things happened in the meanetime méet for your knowledge About the seuenth of August the Lord Admirall returned with the Nauie hauing followed the Spanish Nauie as they reported as farre as the 55. degrée Northwards the Spanish Nauie taking a course either to the furthest partes of Norwey or to the Orcades beyond Scotland which if they did then it was here iudged that they would goe about Scotland and Ireland but if they should go to Norwey then it might be that if they could recouer prouisions of mastes whereof the English Nauy had made great spoile they might returne But I for my part wished them a prosperous winde to passe home about Ireland considering I despaired of their returne for many respects both of their wants which could not be furnished in Norwey and of the lacke of the Duke of Parmas abilitie to bring his Armie on the Sea for want of Mariners Neuertheles vpon knowledge from Scotland that they were beyond the Orcades and that the King of Scots had giuen strict commandement vpon all the sea coastes that the Spaniardes should not be suffered to land in any part but that the English might land and be reléeued of any wants order was giuen to discharge all the Nauie sauing twentie ships that were vnder the Lord Henry Seymours charge to attend Spaniardes Upon these shewes great reioycing followed And as in Iune and Iuly past all Churches were filled daily with people exercised with praiers and shewes of repentance and petitions to God for defence against their enemies and in many Churches continually thrice in the wéeke exercises of prayers Sermons fastings all the day long from morning to euening with great admiration to sée such generall deuotion which I and others did iudge to procéede more of feare then of deuotion so now since the English Nauy is returned and the Spanish Nauie defeated and intelligence brought of the disorders in Flaunders of the discentions betwixt the Spaniards and the other souldiers of the contempt of the Duke of Parma by the Spaniards being thereto maintained by a Duke called the Duke of Pastraw the King Catholiques bastard and of the departure and running away of the Dukes Mariners here is a like cōcourse of the people to Sermons in all Churches wherein is remembred the great goodnes of God towards England by the deliuery therof from the threatned Conquest praiers also publikely to giue thankes to God for the same At London this of September 1588. The Printer to the Reader ALthough it be well known that neither the first writer of these Letters nowe by me printed nor yet the Spaniard Don Bernardin to whome they are directed had any desire to heare of any good successe to the state of England as may appeare in the writer by shewing himselfe grieued to make any good report of England other then of meere necessitie he was vrged and in Don Bernardin who was so impudent or at the least so blindly rash as to disperse in print both in French Italian and Spanish most false reports of a victorie had by the Spaniards euen when the victorie was notable on the part of England and the Spanish vanquished yet whilest I was occupied in the printing hereof a good time after the letters were sent into Fraunce there came to this Citie certaine knowledge to all our great comfort of sundrie happie Accidents to the diminution of our mortall enemies in their famous Fleete that was driuen out of our seas about the stla of Iuly towards the farthermost North partes of Scotland Wherfore I haue thought it not amisse to ioine the same to this Lettre of Don Bernardin that he may beware not to be so hastie of himselfe nor yet to permit one Capella who is his common sower of reports to write these false things for truthes The particularities wherof are these The Fleete was by tempest driuen beyond the Isles of Orknay about the first of August which is now more then sixe weekes past the place being aboue three score degrees from the North Pole an vnaccustomed place for the yong Gallants of Spaine that neuer had felt stormes on the sea or cold weather in August And about those North Islands their mariners and souldiers died daily by multiutdes as by their bodies cast on land did appeare And after twentie dayes or more hauing spent their time in miseries they being desirous to returne home to Spaine sayled very farre Southwestward into the Ocean to recouer Spaine But the Almightie God who alwayes auengeth the cause of his afflicted people which put their confidence in him and bringeth downe his enemies that exalt themselues with pride to the heauens ordred the winds to be so violently contrarious to this proud Nauie as it was with force disseuered on the high seas West vpon Ireland and so a great number of them driuen into sundrie dangerous bayes and vpon rockes all along the West and North parts of Ireland in sundrie places distant aboue an hundred miles asunder there cast away some sonke some broken some runne on sands some burned by the Spaniards themselues As in the North part of Ireland towardes Scotland betwixt the two riuers of Loughfoile and Lough Svvilley nine were driuen to land and many of them broken and the Spaniardes forced to come to land for succour amongst the wilde Irish. In another place twentie miles Southwest from thence in a Bay called Calbeggy three other ships driuen also vpon rockes In another place Southward being a Bay called the Borreys twentie miles North from Gallowey belonging to the Erle of Ormond one speciall great ship of a thousand tonne with fiftie brasse peeces and foure Canons was sonke and all the people drowned sauing sixteene who by their apparell as it is aduertised out of Ireland seeme to be persons of great estimation Then to come more to the Sowthward thirty miles vppon the coasts of Thomond North from the riuer of Shennan two or three mo perished whereof one was burned by the Spaniards them selues and so driuen to the shore an other was of S. Sebastians wherein were three hundred men who were also all drowned sauing three score A third ship with all her lading was cast away at a place called Breckan In

another place afore Sir Tirlogh Obrynes house there was also another great ship lost supposed to be a Galliasse These losses aboue mētioned were betwixt the fift and tenth of September as was aduertised from sundrie places out of Ireland so as by accompt from the one and twentieth of Iuly when this Nauie was first beaten with the Nauie of England vntill the tenth of September being the space of seuen weekes and more it is most likely that the sayde Nauie had neuer good day nor night Of the rest of the Nauie report is also made that many of them haue bene seene lying of and on vpon the coast of Ireland tossed with the winds in such sort as it is also doubted that many of them shall hardly recouer Spaine if they be so weakened with lacke of victuals and mariners as part of their companies that are left on land do lamentably report These accidents I thought good to adde to the printed Copies of the letters of Don Bernardin that he may see how God doth fauour the iust cause of our gracious Queene in shewing his anger towardes these proud boasting enemies of Christian peace as the whole world from Rome to the vttermost parts of Christendome may see that she and hir Realme professing the Gospell of his sonne Christ are kept and defended as the words of the Psalme are Vnder the shadovve of his vvings from the face of the vvicked that sought to afflict her compasse her round about to take avvay her soule which I doubt not by thankfulnesse yeelded by her Maiestie and her whole Realme will alwayes continewe The 9. of Octob. 1588. CERTEINE ADVERTISEMENTS OVT OF IRELAND CONCERNING THE LOSSES HAPPEned to the Spanish armie vpon the West costes of Irelande in their voyage intended from the Northerne Isles beyond Scotland towardes Spaine VPon Saterday the vii of September the barke which was in peril of wrack in the bay of Trayly of betwéene fortie and fiftie tonne did render them selues in which there were xxiiii men whereof two were the Dukes owne seruaunts and two litle boyes On Tuesday the tenth of this September there was a Frigat cast of as it séemeth by this Nauy which as Sir William Herbert saith wrecked vpon the coast of Desmond On the same Tuesday there wrecked in the sound of the Bleskeys a ship called our Ladie of Rosary of one thousande tonne In this shippe was drowned the Prince of Ascule the Kings base sonne one Don Pedro Don Diego and Don Francisco with seuen other Gentlemen of accompt that accompanied the Prince There was drowned in her also Michael Oquendo a principal sea man chief gouernour of the ship Villa Franca of S. Sebastians Captain of the same ship Matuta Captaine of the Infanterie of that ship Captaine Suwares a Portingall Garrionerie Lopecho de la Vega Montenese and one Francisco Castilliā Captains one Iohn Rise an Irish Captain Francis Roch an Irish man about fiue hūdred persons wherof one hundred were Gentlemen but not of that reckoning as the former were and onely one Iohn Anthonio de Monona a Genuan being the Pilotes sonne of that ship saued The same Tuesday it wad aduertised to the Uicepresident of Mounster that there were lost vpon the coast of Thomond two great ships out of which there were drowned about seuen hundred persons taken prisoners about one hundred fiftie About that Tuesday also as appeareth by a letter writtē to Stephan White of Limmerik the twelfth of this September there was cast vpon the sandes of Ballicrahihy a ship of nine hundred tonnes thirtéene of the Gentlemen of that ship as he writeth are taken and so writeth that he heard the rest of that ship being aboue foure hundred haue sought for their defence being much distressed to intrench themselues He writeth also of another ship which was cast away at the Isle of Clere in Irrise and lxxviij of the men of that ship are drowned and slaine He writeth also that there was about the same time another great ship cast away in Tireawley that there are thrée Noble men a Bishop and a Frier and lxix other men taken by William Brook of Ardnerie and all the residue of that ship are slaine and drowned in somuch as he writeth that one Melaghlin Mac Cab a Galloglasse killed fourescore of them with his Galloglasse axe Wednesday the xi of September seuen of those ships that then remained within the Shenan departed out of that Rode with an Easterly winde and before their going foorth they set on fire one other very great ship of their company which was one thousand tonnes at least It was enformed from the Uicepresident at Cork vpon this seuentéenth of September last that two other great ships of that Fléete should be lost vpon the coastes of Connaught The Admirall called Iohn Martin de Ricalde came into the sound of Bleskeys with one other great ship and a barke about the vi day of this Septēber remaineth there with one other ship of foure hundred tonnes a bark which came in since that time if they be not dispersed or lost by the great tempest that was the xvii and xviii of this moneth for the state of the Admirall at his comming in was thus the ship had bene shot thorough xiiii or xv times her maine mast was so beatē with shot as she durst not beare her full saile and now not lx mariners left in her and many of them so sicke that they lye downe and the residue so weake that they were not able to do any good seruice and there is daily cast ouer the boord out of that ship fiue or sixe of the company After this vvas printed thus farre as euery day bringeth more certaintie in particulars of the losse of the Spaniardes in Irelande these reportes vvhich follovve came from Ireland being the examinations of seuer all persons there taken and saued IOHN ANTHONIO DE MONONA AN Italian sonne to Francisco de Monona Pilot of the ship called Sancta Marie de la Rose of a thousand tonnes cast away in the sound of Bleskey 11. September 1588. EXamined the xi of September saith that he and the rest parted from the English Fléete as he thinketh about the coast of Scotland and at that time they wanted of their whole Fléete foure Gallies seuen ships one Galliasse which was the Captaine Galliasse and there were then dead by fight by sicknes viii thousand men at the least Where he left y e Duke he knoweth not but it was in the North Seas about eightéene daies sithence he saw then no land and therefore can name no place but they seuered by tempest the Duke kept his course to the sea we drew towards land to finde Cape Clere so did diuers other ships which he thinkes to amount to the number of forty ships with the Duke there went fiue and twenty ships Hither he came round about Scotland he thinkes

after a Portingall Gallion ouertaking this ship told vnto those of this ship that there were xxv ships of the whole Nauie passed away with the Duke and that the rest then remaining of the whole Nauy were dispersed by this tempest some eight in one company and foure in another and thus dispearsedly passed on the seas But how many ships remained after their departure from the coast of Scotland of the whole Nauy this examinat can not tell He saith that after this first tempest which was about xxv dayes now past growing of a Southwest wind they had sundry tēpests before they were lost with variable winds sometime one way and sometimes an other The reexamination of Emanuell Fremosa 17. September 1588. EManuel Fremosa mariner examined the same day saith that the day next before the great tempest in which the Duke was seuered from them being a very calme day him selfe counted the Nauie then remaining which then were about lxxviij saile in all when they were farthest of in the North they were at lxii degrées Northward and were then about foure score leagues and somewhat more from any land and at the Northwest part of Scotland Cape Clere being then from them South and by West and this was about foure or fiue dayes before the said great tempest and from that time vntill the same tempest they had the winde most West and West Southwest and sometimes West Northwest but that not very long he saith that it was knowne to very few of the Nauy that the Prince the Kings base sonne was in this Nauie vntill they came to Callice where this Prince about the time of the fight was said to take him selfe into a little boate vpon the coast of Callice but before that he kept him selfe as priuate in the Dukes owne ship as it was said and not noted or spoken of in the Nauy vntill then But he saith there was a great Prince an Italian that was a chiefe man in a great Argosie very wel furnished who before their comming to the English coast did very often banket the Duke and the other great men of the Nauy This Argosie was called the Ratte he saith he did not perceiue if this shippe were in this Fléete the day before the said tempest or not but he saith this being a famous ship it was often demanded if she were in their company and it was answered that she was he saith the chiefest of the treasure that serued for the pay was as he heard in the Galliasse that arriued on the shore at Callice and in a shippe of Siuil made in Galisia called the Gallega of about vij hundred tonnes in which Don Pedro de Valdez was which was taken on the South coast The examination of Pierre Carrea Flemming HE saith that in the ship that he came hither in called Saint Iohn a Galliō of nine hundred tonnes besides Iohn Martin de Ricalde there are fiue Captaines Don Iohn de Lune Don Gomes de Galanezar Don Pedro de Madri the Count of Parades Don Felice and there is also an Italian Marquesse of Piemont called the Marquesse of Faruara He saith also that the Admirall after such time as the fight was at Callice came not out of his bed vntill this day seuen nights in the morning that they ranne vpō the shore He saith his Admirall is of Biskeye either of Bilbo or Allerede and of lxii yeares of age and a man of seruice He saith that there were in this nauie of the old souldiers of Naples vnder the conduct of Don Alonso de Sono of the old souldiers of Sicile vnder the conduct of Don Diego de Piementell● whose ship was lost néere Callice There was also Don Alonso de Leua maister of the cāp of the Cauallery of Millan he saith there is a bastard sonne of King Phillips of xxviii yeares of age in this Fleete in the ship with the Duke called the Prince of Ascule in Italie who passed from thē in a Pinnace about Callice as he tooke it By other Aduertisements of the fourteenth of September it is certified to the Lord Deputie of Ireland from the Earle of Tyron being at his Castle of Dongannon that vpon intelligence brought to him of the landing of certaine Spaniards in the North of Ireland he sent two English Captaines with their bandes towardes them to the nomber of an hundred and fiftie who found them at Sir Iohn Odogherties towne called Illagh and there discouering their nomber to be aboue six hundred did that night encamp within a musket shot of them and about midnight did skirmish with them for the space of two houres in which skirmish the Spanish Lieutenant of the field and twentie moe of the Spaniardes were slaine besides many that were hurt The next day following they did offer skirmish agayne to the Spaniardes whereupon they all yelded and so as prisoniers were caried to Dongannon to the Earle who meant to send them to the Lord Deputie being iudged to be men of good value and one thought to be a man that hath had some great charge and conduct of men for many yeares whereof the Lord Deputie will geue knowledge as soone as they shall be brought to Dublin There may be some errours in the writing of the Spanish names in English because the same are written by way of interpretation but there is no errour in the nombring of the persons that are either dead or aliue 26. September 1588. SHIPS AND MEN SONKE DROWned killed and taken vpon the coast of Ireland in the moneth of September 1588. In Tyreconnell In Loughfoyle 1. ship 1100 men Of that ship and others that escaped In Connaught In Sligo hauen 3. great ships 1500 In Tireawley 1. ship 400 In Clere Iland 1. ship 300 In Finglasse 1. ship 400 In Oflartie 1. ship 200 In Irrise 2. ships The men fled into other vessels In Galway bay 1. ship 70 In Munster In the Shennan 2. ships 600 In Traylie 1. ship 24 In Dingle 1. ship 500 In Desmond 1. ship 300 In the Shennan 1. ship burnt The mē embarqued in another shippe     Totall 17. ship of men 5394. AFORE THE LOSSE OF THE FORE-said seuenteene ships in Ireland there perished in Iuly August fifteene other great ships in the fight betwixt the English and Spanish Nauies in the narrowe seas of England where no one English Vessell or person of any reputation perished or was taken   Ships Men   First Gallies 4 1622.   Neare Ediston by Plimouth at the first conflict 1 0000.   The same time was distressed taken Don Pedro de Valdes ship 1 422. These two remaine in England At the same time by fire a great Biscaine ship 1 289. Afore Callis spoiled the principall Galeasse of Naples 1 686.   In the conflict was sonke a great Biscaine 1 000.   The Gallion S. Philip. 1 532. These two forced into Flushing being sore beaten by the English great shot The Gallion S. Matthew

1 397. A Biscaine wrecked before Ostēd 1. 000.   The day after the fight there sank two Venetians 2 843.   A great Biscaine forced by two of the Queenes ships to perish at Newhauen 1 000.     Ships Men   Total of these ships 15 4791.   Totall of both these losses 32 10185. Whereof there are prisoners in England Zeland at the least 1000. besides a great multitude of men not here accounted that were slaine in the fight and that haue died of famine as by the examinations aforesaid appeareth Beside many ships not yet heard of thought to be lost       In what termes England standeth in the opinion of the Catholiques The Spanish preparation three yeeres in making The Duke of Parmas army in Flaunders No forreine force coulde inuade England without a strong party in England Hope of victorie by the Spanish Army with assistance of a partie in England this Sommer All Spanishe hope fallen in nine daies The Catholiques doubt of their cause seeing the hād of God is against the Armie Many English Catholiques mislike of the Popes reformatiō by force The vntimely publishing of the intended conquest before the Spanish nauy was redy did great hurt The heartes of all sorts of people enflamed against the Spaniards vaunting to conquer the land The vntimely publication of the Popes Bull did hurt to the common cause Cardinall Allens bookes haue done much hurt to the intended inuasion and conquest The Cardinals rash violent writing missiked by the Catholiques The multitude of bookes published to shewe the greatnes of the Spanishe Nauy did also hurt The forewarninges of the Armadas greatnes caused the Queene to put all her Realme in force beyond all former The Armies made readie Nauie England in euery quarter of the realme The Maritime Countries prouided at lading places with twenty thousand men All the bands were vnder the principal Knights of the realme compounded of the most mightie men being their tenants and seruants A strange report of the wealth of a band of souldiers An error of the Catholique fugitives in the number of their partners in England A consent and concurrencie of Papistes and Protestants to withstand the conquest The gentlemen Recusants in Elie offer to aduenture then liues against all inuasions whatsoeuer without respect of Pope or other potentate The Recusants are not put in danger of their liues for their religion but are fined at summes of money The Iesuits are not executed for religion but for treasons The Seminaries for the most part come disguised like Ruffians Babington suffered for his treasons voluntarily cōfessed not for religion though at his death hee professed the Romane religion A multitude of gentlemen suspected to be Papists yet neuer indangered of their liues Many of the Priests that are sent into the realm are yong rash of leude life A great strēgth of the English Nauie by the Shippes of the port townes that did serue without wages Two notable lies printed in Paris and imputed to Don Bernardin Mendoza A most manifest lie printed in Paris of a Spanish victory when it was altogether an English victorie Mendacia of Mendoza The state of the Nauie of England this Sommer L. Haward L Admirall L. Henry Seymour Sir Francis Drake L. Tho. Haward L. Sheffeld The fight of the English Nauie with the Spanish The flying away of the Spanish Nauie The Spaniards prisoners say that Christ shewed himself a Lutheran in this Sommer voiage of the Spanish Nauie God shewed no sauour to the Spanishe Nauy from the beginning to the ending Don Pedro de Valdez Captaine Generall of the Armada of Andaluzia Hugo de Moncada Generall of the Galliasses of Naples Diego de Pimentelli Captaine of the Galleon named S. Matthew A consideration what may be done the next yeare to renew this Action The 3. hopes conceiued against Englād are nowe all frustrated The Englishe Nauie will be stronger the next yeare Offer of Hollanders and Zelanders to ioine with the English Nauie Iustinian Nassau Admiral of Holland with sixe and fortie ships of warre ioyned to the English Nauie against the D. of Parma Argumentes to proue no miscontentment of the people towards the Queene The prouidēce of the Queene to make her Realme strong The Queenes being in the Army in Essex when moste daunger was threatned by the enemies landing The notable Applause of the people to the Queene for her presence in the Campe. The singing of Psalmes by the English Army in the Campe. An Army prouided for the Queene beside the Army readie to withstād the landing of the enemie Great power of Horsemen brought by the Nobilitie to attend on the Queenes person The Viscount Mountagues shewe of horsemen was the first A number of great Lordes shewed their horsemen Earle of Lincolne Lord Windesore Lord Chancelour Earle of Warwicke Lord Treasurer L. Compton Earle of Leycester Lord Rich. Sir Walter Mildmay Sir Henry Cromwell Sir 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Earle of Essex with a great Band of horsemen and footemen afore the Queene at S. Iames. Course of the field Tourney Earle of Worcester Earle of Hertford Lord Audeley Lord Morley L. Dacres L. Lomeley L. Mountioy L. Sturton L. Darcy L. Sands L. Mordant Marques of Winchester Earle of Sussex Erle of Shrowsbury L. Talbot Earle of Darby L. Strange Earle of Bath Earle of Pembrokes noble offer Earle of Northumberland Earle of Cumberland Master Henry Brooke Sir Tho. Cecil Sir Wil. Hatton Sir Horatio Pallauicino M. Robert Carie. Sir Charles Blunt M. Thomas Gerard. M. Wil. Heruie Earle of Oxford M. Robert Cecil L. Dudley Sir Walter Ralegh M. Wil. Cecil M. Edward Darcy M. Arthure Gorge Earle of Huntington L. Scroope L. Darcy L. Euers Earle of Kent L. Hunsdon L. Cobham L. Grave L. North. L. Chandos L. Saint Iohn L. Buckhurst Earle of Rutland Earle of South-hampton Earle of Bedford Offer of the K. of Scots to the Queen of England Bands of horsemen and footmē erected by the Bishops The third and last hope which the Catholiques had of a partie in the realme was all frustrate The Spanishe prisoners condemne the K. purpose as being abused by the exiled Catholiques whō the Spaniards call traitors to their countrey No possibilitie to Inuade and conquere a realme without fauour of a partie inward The Spanishe prisoners condemne the enterprise and course of Don Bernardin of Mendoza Sir Frācis Englefield Lord Paget Earle of Westmerland Thomas Stukleyes abusing of the King of Spaine and the Pope newly remēbred by the Spaniardes A conclusiō by the writer to perswade an other course not by violence No hope for furtherance of the Popes authoritie by any now liuing that may succeede the Queene in the liue Royall A Conclusion what is best to maintaine the Catholike Religion in England A tolleration from the Pope for the Recusants in England Order taken by the K. of Scots in fauour of the English Daily prayers Publike praiers and giuing of thankes The seuenth of September A place neere to Smerwike where the Spaniards were defeated by the Lord Gray Michael Oquēdo was general of the squadrō of xiiii ships of Guipusque Fiue hundred drownd wherof were a hundred gentlemē and one onely saued of the whole number Seuen hundred drowned and one hundred takē prisoners Ballicrahihy Thirteene gentlemen taken Foure hundred haue sought to intrench themselues Seuēty eight were drowned and slaine Threescore taken Melaghlin Mac Cab slue foure score of them A Spanish ship of a thousande tuns burnt by the Spaniards Two other ships lost Ricaldes the Admiral in the sound of Bleskey Eight thousand Spaniards lost by fight sicknesse Two ships sonke A ship of 1000. tonne sonke of 500. persons but one saued The Kings base sonne drowned with other principall perions Fiftie Canons twēty fiue peeces of ordināce fiftie tonnes of secke thirtie thousand Duckets in gold and siluer sonke Fifteene men lost in fight vpon the Disards Fiue and twentie moe lost in the same ship Two ships lost One Galliasse cast on shore Two Gallions and one Byskeine sonke Three Venetian shippes sort beaten with shot The Spanishe Nauy sore beated with shot by the English and their tackling much spoiled The Spaniard cast their horses and mules ouer boord In the fight at Callice were slaine the Maister of the Cauallary of the Tercij of Naples Sicile The Maister of the Campe of the horsemen The Maister of the Campe of footemen And foure thousand others besides a thousand drowned The Admirall after the sight at Callice came not out of his bed in seauen weekes and more Sixe hundred Spaniards assaulted by one hundred and fifty Englishe vanquished taken prisoners * Don Piedro de Valdes taken These two remaine in England * In this vessell Don Hugo de Moncada was slaine * Don Diego Piementel taken in this