certain Officers under them the principal of them hath the Title of Bailiff who in Civil Causes hath the assistance of 12 Jurors to determine differences and minister Justice in this order viz. In Criminal Matters 7 In Matters of Reason and Equity 5. Their 12 are chosen out of the 12 Parishes so that no man goeth farther to complain than to his own Jurate in ordinary Controversies But matters of moment and difficulty are determined before the Bailiff in a general Meeting Things Remarkable in this Island The Inhabitants speak French but very corruptly There are 2 small Islands adjacent to this Island the one called St. Albans the other Hillary The most of the Sheep bred in this Island have 4 Horns apiece IV. Of GARNSEY Island THis Island is encompassed by the Brittish Sea as Jersey was It containeth in length 13 miles In breadth 9 miles And in Circumference 36 miles The Temperature of the Air and Climate differs nothing from that of Jersey The Soil is very fruitful yielding great plenty of Grass for their Sheep and other Cattel The chief Commodities are Sheep Fish Fowl Sider The Government of this Island is much the same with that of Jersey Their Customes and Conditions do more resemble the people of England It hath in it 10 Parishes One Market-Town being also a Haven and is called St. Peter's Port. Things Remarkable in this Island The Fields of this Island in the Summer time are so naturally garnished with Flowers of all sorts that saith Speed being in it he might conceit himself to be in a pleasant artificial Garden The Inhabitants within these 100 years have taken great delight in planting of Fruit-Trees especially Apples of which they make store of Syder Amongst the Rocks of this Island are found a hard Stone called Emerill much used by Goldsmiths and Lapidaries for their cutting of other precious Stones In this Island is neither Toad Adder Snake or other venomous Creature to be found But in Jersey though the Air and Climate be the same with this of Garnsey they have great store of such Creatures THere are 2 other Islands namely Holy Island and Farre Island in neither of which is any thing Remarkable and so I shall say nothing concerning them The Names of the several Cinque-Ports of England and in what County each of them are viz. Dover in Kent Rumney in Kent Sandwich in Kent Hastings in Sussex Rye in Sussex Seaford in Sussex Winchelsey in Sussex An Account of the several Monasteries Priories Frieries Nunneries Colledges and Hospitals in every County in England and Diocesses in Wales which were Demolished in the Reign of K. Henry the VIII and the Annual Revenue of them Counties Names Monasteries Priories Frieries Nunneries Colledges Hospitals Valuation l. s. d. Barkshire 5 2 1 3 3 2 6368 12 8 Bedfordshire 1 6 3 4 3 3 3054 10 3 Buckinghamshire 1 1 1 2 1 0 0730 01 11½ Cambridgeshire 9 14 4 7 1 4 4002 11 10 Cheshire 5 1 3 2 3 1 1447 2 0½ Cornwall 11 3 1 0 2 0 1287 0 6½ Cumberland 4 4 1 2 22 0 2549 12 9 Derbyshire 8 2 0 3 3 1 1055 12 11½ Devonshire 14 10 1 2 1 1 5394 2 6 Dorcetshire 7 2 2 3 3 1 4520 6 9 Durham 4 0 0 1 10 4 2696 15 0 Essex 13 14 3 2 2 4 7013 8 6 Gloucestershire 11 3 1 2 1 5 7302 5 10½ Hantshire 8 10 6 3 3 4 7218 17 5 Herefordshire 2 6 1 2 0 1 0522 4 5 Hertfordshire 2 12 3 5 1 3 4076 3 10 Huntingdonshire 2 4 0 2 8 1 2743 5 6½ Kent 9 13 6 9 1 13 8840 18 7½ Lancashire 5 5 0 0 6 0 2288 19 8½ Leicestershire 9 6 0 3 4 5 4833 11 9½ Lincolnshire 32 24 5 6 5 3 1 1664 12 0½ London 3 3 0 4 2 11 1 2595 8 0 Middlesex 3 3 5 2 9 5 3550 0 8 Counties Names Monasteries Priories Frieries Nunneries Colledges Hospitals Valuation l. s. d. Norfolk 12 20 16 5 9 4 6128 1 3 Northamptonshire 6 6 4 7 7 3 4731 15 6 Nottinghamshire 3 6 2 1 4 3 2763 7 7½ Northumberland 2 2 4 3 3 1 1252 15 10 Oxfordshire 7 7 5 4 1 3 3078 1 6 Rutlandshire 0 1 0 0 0 1 0043 12 4 Shropshire 8 5 6 0 3 2 2757 14 6½ Staffordshire 4 10 2 5 8 3 1902 17 3½ Somersetshire 10 8 2 3 5 6 9324 17 2 Suffolk 13 15 3 3 4 1 5390 7 9 Surrey 3 4 3 0 1 1 4883 14 0½ Sussex 8 9 3 5 3 4 3355 10 7 Warwickshire 4 10 3 6 6 4 3839 3 0 Wiltshire 3 13 4 4 4 8 4044 17 1½ Westmorland 1 0 1 0 0 0 0166 10 6 Worcestershire 7 4 2 2 2 2 4896 1 8 Yorkshire 33 10 11 23 15 10 1 4611 3 5 Asaph Diocess 4 0 0 1 0 1 0808 5 5 Bangor Diocess 5 1 3 0 2 0 0298 18 2 David Diocess 6 5 2 0 7 0 1548 3 7 Landaffe Diocess 6 6 3 1 1 0 0925 12 0  314 290 126 142 198 129 183508-1-11½ A TABLE shewing the Beginning of the Reigns the time of the Reigning the Termination or Ending of the Reigns and the number of Years since the ending of the Reigns of every of the English Saxon and Danish Monarchs from King Egbert to the Norman Conquest Kings Names Began to Reign Reigned Years Ended their Reign Since their Reign 1 Egbert 818 18 836 842 2 Ethelwolf 836 21 857 821 3 Ethelbald 857 1 858 820 4 Ethelbert 858 5 863 815 5 Etheldred 863 10 873 805 6 Alfred 873 27 900 778 7 Edward I. Saxon 900 24 924 754 8 Ethelstan 924 16 940 738 9 Edmund 940 6 946 732 10 Edred 946 9 955 723 11 Edwyn 955 4 959 719 12 Edgar 959 20 979 699 13 Edward II. Saxon. 979 27 1006 672 14 Ethelred 982 34 1016 662 15 Edmond II. 1016 1 1017 661 The Danish Line 16 Canutus 1017 20 1037 641 17 Herold I. 1037 3 1040 638 18 Hardicanutus 1040 2 1042 626 19 Edward Confessor 1042 23 1065 613 20 Herold II. 1065 2 1067 611 The Saxon Line restored A TABLE OF THE KINGS and QUEENS of ENGLAND since the Norman Conquest Kings and Queens Born anno Began to Reign Reigned Y. M. Since their Reigns Ended Buried at William 1 1023 1066 October 14. 20 11 591 September 9. Caen Norm William 2 1057 1087 September 9. 12 11 578 August 2. Winchester Henry 1 1068 1100 August 2. 35 4 543 December 1. Reading Stephen 1105 1135 December 1. 18 11 524 October 26. Feversham The Saxon Line Restored Henry 2 1132 1154 October 25. 35 9 489 July 6. Fountever Richard 1 1152 1189 July 6. 9 9 479 April 6. Fountever John 1165 1199 April 6. 17 6 462 October 19. Worcester Henry 3 1207 1216 October 19. 56 1 406 November 16. Westminster Edward 1 1239 1272 November 16. 34 8 371 July 7. Westminster Edward 2 1283 1307 July 7. 19 6
Star appeared visible at Noon the Sun shining clear at which time the King rode to St. Paul's Church to give thanks for the Queens safe delivery of her second Son Prince Charles now our most gracious Soveraign whom God grant long to Reign over us In the 8th year of his Reign near one half of the Houses upon London Bridge were burnt to the tops of the Arches In the year 1643. The most Magnificent Cross in Cheapside London was demolished In the 17th year of K. Charles the Second Began a dreadful Pestilence in the City of London continuing from the beginning of May till the end of December where there died in London and within the Bill of Mortality of the Plague and of other Diseases 97306. besides many more not taken account of On the 2d 3d 4th 5th of September in the 18th year of his Reign in the space of three days were in London consumed by Fire Fourscore and Ten Parish-Churches and above Thirteen Thousand Dwelling-Houses Norfolk THe County of Norfolk is bounded on the East by the German Ocean On the West by Cambridgeshire and Lincolnshire On the South by Suffolk And on the North by the German Ocean It containeth in length 50 Miles In breadth 35. And in Circumference 145 Miles The Temperature of the Air in this County is very sharp especially in the Champion and near the Sea and the Spring and Harvest here are very late The Soil in many places is very good but generally of Clay or fat Chalk And although it be healthy in some places yet by composture of Sheep the Heaths are made mighty Rich for Corn so that when they are laid again from bearing of Corn they yield a more sweet and plentiful feeding for Sheep The Chief Commodities of this County are Stuff Stockings Wool Corn Coals and Conies Herrings and other Fish It is in the Diocess of Norwich and hath in it 660 Parishes Out of it are Elected 12 Members to sit in Parliament Knights 2 Norwich 2 Kings-Lynn 2 Yarmouth 2 Thetford 2 Castle-rising 2 Its Division is into 31 Hundreds viz. Smethdon Brothercross North Grenehoe Halfe North Erpingham Tunstad Happing West Flegg Blowfield Tavatham South Erpingham Eynsford Gallowe Frecbridge Laundiche Milforde Forehoce Humbleyarde Hensteade Loe Clavering Earshaw Depwarde Dysse Guiltcrosse Shorpham Wayland South Grenehoe Walsham Clackelosse Grymshooe And in these Hundreds are 28 Market-Towns viz. Lyn Tues Sat. East Harling Tues Foulsham Tues Caston Tues Norwich W. F. S. Harlston Wed. Watton Wed. Attlebury Thurs Fakingham Thu. North Walsham Th. Dis Frid. Wymondham Fr. East Deareham Fr. Snetsham Fri. Walsingham Fri. Yarmouth Sat. Thetford Sa. Hingham Sa. New Bakenham Sa. Swafham Sa. Downham Sa. Holt Sa. Burnham Market Sa. Cromer Sa. Repham Sa. Alesham Sa. Worfled Sa. Sechy every second Monday Three New Markets Attlebury Southwold Winfield The Sea-Coasts of this County are very fortunate in Fish and on these Coasts are very good Harbours of which Lyn and Yarmouth are the Chief both of them of great Traffick And Wells and Blackney are next in estimation The chief place in this County is the ancient City of Norwich lying in the Latitude of 52 deg 12 min. and bears from London N E. by N. and is distant therefrom 90 miles Thus From London to Waltham Cross 12. to Ware 20. to Puckeridge 24. to Barkway 31. to Witlecford Bridge 41. to New-Market 53. to Thetford 69. to Attleborough 79. to Windham 84. to Norwich 90. But by a more accurate admeasurement upon the Road it is distant 108 miles It is a City flourishing in Peace Plenty Wealth and Honour It is situate upon the River Hierus in a pleasant Valley but upon rising ground In the 17th year of K. Stephen it was founded and made a Corporation In Edward the First 's time inclosed with a fair Wall It was first Governed by 4 Bailiffs Then by Henry the 4th in Anno 1403. erected into a Majoralty and County The Arms of this City are Gules a Castle triple Towred Argent in Base a Lyon of England or Passant Gardant Or. Lyn also in this County having been an ancient Borough under the Government of a Bailiff was by K. John made Liber Burgus who gave them a Cup which to this day honoureth their Corporation Henry the Third enlarged their Charter and granted them to choose a Maior Loco Praeposito unto whom K. Henry the 8th added 12 Aldermen a Recorder and other Officers and the bearing of a Sword before the Maior and further he changed their Name from Major Burgensis Lyn Episcopi to Major Burgensis Lyn Regis Yarmouth being the Key of the Coast seated by the Mouth of the River Year and is an ancient Member of the Cinque Ports being very well built and fortified This Town growing populous was by K. Henry the 3d made a Corporation under 2 Bailiffs The Earls and Dukes of Norfolk since the first Constitution Richard Gaiet E. of Norfolk William of Boloign E. of Norfolk Hugb Bigod E. of Norfolk Thomas Brotherton E. of Norfolk Tho. Moubray D. of Norfolk Richard of Shrewsbury D. of Norfolk L. Howard D. of Norfolk Things Remarkable in this County This County of Norfolk hath been infested with two remarkable Rebellions The first of them was commenced by John Litister a Dyer in Norwich calling himself King of the Commons who led 50 Thousand Soldiers into the Field and forcibly carried the Lord Morley and Scales and other Knights besides and caused them to serve him at his Table but he was shortly overthrown by Henry Spencer Bishop of Norwich and deservedly Hanged Anno 1381. The other was under the leading of Robert Ket a Tanner of Windham who in a Conflict forced the Lord William Par Marquess of Northampton to flight and slew the Lord Shefield in the Field but after many Outrages done to the City of Norwich was taken by John Dudley E. of Warwick having 5000 of his followers slain and himself takee and Hanged upon the top of the Castle Anno 1543. Cambden Reports that the Inhabitants of this County are naturally very capable of the niceties and quirks of the Law and those of them that bend their Studies that way prove generally excellent Lawyers On the Shore of this County viz. by Yarmouth is every year in the Month of September the worthiest fishing for Herrings in all Europe which draweth great concourse of People thither and maketh the Town much Richer all the year after The River Bure in this County is incredibly full of Fish In the River Tore by Norwich there is great plenty of a Fish they call a Ruffe which hath a Body all prickled over it delights in Sandy places and is much like a Perch in colour brown and duskish above but of a pale yellow beneath it is marked by the Chaws with a double course of half Circles the Eye for the upper part of it is of a dark brown and the lower part somewhat yellowish and the ball of it black
ENGLAND'S Remarques Giving an Exact Account of the Several Shires Counties and Islands in ENGLAND and WALES In every of which you have I. How the County is bounded II. The Length Breadth and Circumference III. The Temperature of the Air and Fertility or Barrenness of the Soil IV. What Commodities each Shire or County affordeth V. In what Diocess and how many Parishes in it VI. The Number of Parliament-Men Hundreds and Market-Towns VII In every Shire you have the Name of the City or Shire-Town with the Latitude thereof and how it bears with the reputed and measured distance of the same from London the Road to the same how Governed and the Coat of Arms and what other things are therein Remarkable VIII You have the Names of such Noble Families as have been Dukes or Earls of each County since their first Constitution IX Whatsoever is Eminent or Remarkable thorowout the whole Kingdom To which is added a Travelling Map describing the Principal Roads thorow-out England London Printed for Langley Curtis in Goat-Court upon Ludgate-Hill and sold by Tho. Mercer at the Half Moon under the South-east Corner of the Royal Exchange in Cornhill 1682. TO THE READER THE Apophthegme of Chilo One of the Seven Wise-Men of Greece Nosce teipsum was not unworthily Consecrated to Apollo at Delphos None being a competent Judge of others who doth not first know himself and no person can judge of another Countrey unless he knows his Own Therefore Nosce Patriam is as necessary an Adage especially to those whose Ample Fortunes and Natural Inclinations call them into Foreign Countreys As Chilo's APOPHTHEGME is to all Persons whatsoever Many in this Age travel into France and other Adjacent Countreys and perhaps at their Return are able to give you an Account how many Provinces c are contained in the Countrey they have Travelled when at the same time they scarce know any more Land in England than their Fathers or their own Inheritance But here as in a Map you may at first View give an Account of any thing Remarkable in England be the Question asked either in England or Foreign Parts Which by perusing this Little Manual you will soon find The Names of the several Counties in England BArkshire Pag. 1 Bedfordshire Pag. 5 Buckinghamshire Pag. 8 Cambridgeshire Pag. 11 Cheshire Pag. 15 Cornwall Pag. 20 Cumberland Pag. 27 Derbyshire Pag. 31 Devonshire Pag. 33 Dorsetshire Pag. 40 Durham the Bishoprick and City Pag. 45 Essex Pag. 48 Gloucestershire Pag. 52 Hantshire Pag. 58 Hertfordshire Pag. 63 Herefordshire Pag. 67 Huntingtonshire Pag. 72 Kent Pag. 75 Lancashire Pag. 84 Leicestershire Pag. 90 Lincolnshire Pag. 94 Middlesex Pag. 99 Norfolk Pag. 133 Northamptonshire Pag. 140 Northumberland Pag. 145 Nottinghamshire Pag. 149 Oxfordshire Pag. 153 Rutlandshire Pag. 159 Shropshire Pag. 162 Somersetshire Pag. 166 Staffordshire Pag. 174 Suffolk Pag. 179 Surrey Pag. 185 Sussex Pag. 189 Warwickshire Pag. 194 Westmoreland Pag. 200 Wiltshire Pag. 204 Worcestershire Pag. 211 Yorkshire Pag. 215 The Names of the Counties in Wales ANglesey Pag. 226 Brecknockshire Pag. 229 Cardiganshire Pag. 232 Caernarvanshire Pag. 235 Caermardenshire Pag. 238 Denbyshire Pag. 241 Flintshire Pag. 244 Glamorganshire Pag. 248 Merionethshire Pag. 251 Monmouthshire Pag. 254 Montgomeryshire Pag. 258 Pembrokeshire Pag. 261 Radnorshire Pag. 266 Of the Islands about England THe Isle of Man Pag. 268 The Isle of Wight Pag. 271 The Isle of Jersey Pag. 273 The Isle of Garnsey Pag. 275 An Exact Map of England with the Roads from London to all the other parts of this Kingdome T. Cross Sculpsit N Counties Names 1 Bark sh 2 Bedford sh 3 Buckingham sh 4 Cambridge sh 5 Cheshire 6 Cornwall 7 Cumberland 8 Derby sh 9 Devon sh 10 Dorset sh 11 Durham 12 Essex 13 Glocester sh 14 Hant. sh 15 Hertford sh 16 Hereford sh 17 Huntington sh 18 Kent 19 Lancashire 20 Leicester sh 21 Lincoln sh 22 Middlesex 23 Norfolk 24 Northampton sh 25 Northumberland 26 Nottingham sh 27 Oxford sh 28 Rutland sh 29 Shrop. sh 30 Somerset sh 31 Stafford sh 32 Suffoll 33 Surrey 34 Sussex 35 Warwick sh 36 Westmorland 37 Wilt. sh 38 Worcester sh 39 York sh 40 Anglesey Ish 41 Brecknock sh 42 Cardigan sh 43 Carnarvan sh 44 Carmarden sh 45 Denbigh sh 46 Flint sh 47 Glamorgan sh 48 Merioneth sh 49 Monmouth sh 50 Montgomery sh 51 Pembroke sh 52 Radnor sh It is divided into Twenty Hundreds viz. Farington Ganfield Hormer Oake Wanting Shrivenham Lainborn Kentbury Westisle Morton Faircrosse Braye Reading Charlton Sonning Cookham Wargrove Bernersh Riplessmore Theale And in these Hundreds are Twelve Market-Towns viz. Abbington M. and Fr. Wallingford Tu. and F. Faringdon Tu. Ockingham Tu. Maiden-Head W. Hungerford W. East-Isley W. Newberry Th. New-Windsor Sa. Wanting Sa. Reading Sa. Lainborne This Shire hath formerly had in it six Castles of which there now remains only that magnificent one of Windsor one of his Majesties Palaces In this Castle the Victorious Prince Edward the third was born In it is instituted the most honourable Order of the Garter of St. George a signal of Martial Prowess And in the Chappel of this Castle there lye interred the Bodies of Henry the 6. Edward the 4th Henry the 8th and as is supposed of King Charles the First The first Institution whereof was in Anno Dom. 1350. And those that first received the order were Edward the 3d. Edward Prince Henry Duke of Lancaster Tho. Earl of Warwick Captain de Bonch Ralph Earl of Stafford W. Mountecut E. of Sal. Roger Mert ' Earl of March John de Lisle Knight Tho. Burwash K. Jo. Beauchamp K. John de Mohun K. Hugh Courtney K. Tho. Holland K. John Grey K. Ri. Fitz-Simon K. Miles Stapleton K. Tho. Wall K. Hugh Wrothsley K. Nele Loring K. John Chandos K. James de Andley K. Otho Holland K. Henry Eme King Zanchet Dabridg Will. Paganell K. The Chief Town is Reading lying in the Latitude of 51 degrees 28 min. And West from London and is distant therefrom 32 Miles viz. To Cole-Brooke 15 to Maiden-head 22 to Reading 32 but by more accurate and late Admeasurement it is found to be 44 Miles distant from London The Town of Reading is Governed by a Mayor and Aldermen The Arms of the County The Field is Argent three Castles Gules over the middlemost a Bucks Face erect of the second Horned Or On a chief Vert between the Bucks Horns the Arms of England and France Quartered Remarkable things in this Shire In the year of our Lord 1387. And in the 11 year of Richard the 2d At Radcot-bridge The Duke of Glocester the Earls of Arundel Warwick Derby and Nottingham Encountered with Robert Vere Duke of Ireland maintained against them by King Richard the 2d Where the said Duke was put to flight who with swimming over the Thames hardly escaped drowning In this Encounter in the Dukes behalf Sir Tho. Molineux Constable of Chester with many others lost their lives In the year 1100. At Enchamsteed
Saturd Wisbich Saturd Ely Saturd The Principal Town in this Shire is Cambridg which as Robert de Reymington tells us was made a University in the Reign of King Edward the First but far more ancient if it be true that is said it was built by Cantabar a Spaniard 375 years before the Birth of Christ However This University is situate in the Latitude of 52 deg 12 min. and lies N. by E. from London and is distant therefrom 44 Miles As from London to Waltham 12 Miles to Ware 20. to Puckeridge 25. to Barkway 32. to Cambridge 44 But by a more accurate Admeasurement the distance of Cambridge upon the Road is 52 Miles The University of Cambridge consisteth of these several Colledges and Halls viz. Colledges and Halls Founded by Anno Domini St. Peters-House Hugh de Balsham B. of Ely 1284. Clare-Hall Richard Badow C. of the Uni 1326. Pembrook-Hall Mary St. Paul 1343. Convile and Cajus Edmund de Genn and Cajus 1348. Trinity-Hall Will. Bateman B. of Norwich 1350. Corpus-Christi H. of Monmouth D. of Lancaster 1351. Kings-Colledge K. Henry the VI. 1441. Queens-Colledge Margaret Wife to K. Henry the VI. 1448. Katharine-Hall Robert Wood Lord Chan. of the Uni 1475. Jesus-Colledge John Alcock Ch. of England 1496. Christ's and S. John's Margaret Countess of Richmond 1505. 1508. Magdalen Tho. Andley Chan. of England 1519. Trinity K. Henry the VIII 1546. Emanuel S. Walter Mildmay C. of the Exch. 1582. Sidney Sussex Francis Sidney Chan. of Sussex 1598. The Town of Cambridge is Governed by a Mayor and Aldermen Cambridge-Arms The Field is Gules a Bridge with three Wall-Towers on it Proper In Chief a Flower-de-luce Or between two Roses Argent The Names of the Earls of Cambridge since the first Constitution William Brother to Ranulph E. of Chester John of Benand Uncle to Philip Q. to Edw. III. William Marquess of Juers Edmund of Langley D. of York Edward D. of York Richard E. of Cambridge Richard D. of York James D. Hamlinton Charles Stuart Duke of York Sussex and Sidney Collateral Remarques in this County The Herb called Scordium or Water-Germander groweth very plentifully in the Fens of which the Cordial Diascordium is made Water-Fowl are so plentiful about the Fens that saith Mr. Speed five Men may be well satisfied with that kind of food for less than an half-penny In the Fen-Grounds also when they have mowen their Grass or Lie as they call it which is very rank so much as will serve their turns they do in November set fire on the rest and the season following it comes up again in abundance Cheshire IT is bounded on the East by Darbyshire and Staffordshire On the West by Denbyshire and Flintshire On the South by Shropshire and Denbyshire On the North by Lancashire It containeth in Length 45 Miles In Breadth 32 Miles And in Circumference 145 Miles The Air for temperature and the Soil for fertility is inferior to none and far exceeding the neighbouring Counties although the Climate be cold yet the warmth of the Irish Seas melt the Snow sooner than in other Countries and the Inhabitants are generally long liv'd The chief Commodities are Corn Cattle Sheep Fish Fowl Mil-stones and Cheese plenty and the best in all England It is in the Diocess of Chester and hath in it 85 Parish-Churches and 38 Chappels of Ease And out of this Shire are Elected 4 Members to sit in Parliament Knights 2 Chester 2 It is divided into Seven Hundreds viz. Wicehall Eddesbury Broxton Bucklow Northwich Macclesfield Nantwich And in these 7 Hundreds are 13 Market-Towns Malpas Monday Maxfield Monday Altrincham Tuesday Tarvin Frodsham Wednes Sanbich Thursday Northwich Friday Stopford Friday Nantwich Saturday Middlewich Saturd Congleton Saturday Huntsford Saturday West-Chester Wednesday and Saturday The principal Town in this Shire is the City of Chester lying in the Latitude of 53 deg 16. min. bearing from London North West and distant therefrom 140 Miles thus To Barnet 10 To St. Albans 20 To Dunstable 30 To Brickhil 37 To Stony-Straford 44 To Tocester 50 To Daventry 60 To Coventry 82 To Colesil 90 To Lichfield 102 To Stone 120 To Wich 135 To Chester 150. This City was raised from the Fort of Ostorius Lieutenant of Britain for the Emperor Claudius Over the River Dee is a Stone-Bridge built upon 8 Arches at either end thereof is a Gate and from them Gates issue the Walls of the City in a Quadrangular form high and strongly built In this Wall are 4 Gates 3 Posterns and 7 Watch-Towers On the South part of the City is a stately Castle built in a Circular form and a Court-yard about it enclosed with a circular Wall In the North part is the Minster the Bishop's See This City was incorporated by K. Henry the 7th and is yearly governed by a Maior with Sword and Mace before him 2 Sheriffs 24 Aldermen a Recorder a Town-Clerk and a Sergeant of Peace 4 Sergeants and 6 Yeomen The Arms of the County Palatine of Chester is Azure Three Garbs or Wheatsheaves Or. A Dagger Erect Proper The Arms of the City of Chester is In Pale dexter Gules Three Demy Lyons Guardant Or. The Nobility of this County namely the Earls of Chester since the Norman Conquest Hugh Lupus Richard the Son of Hugh Ranulph Meschines Ranulph Gernones Hugh Cevelioc E. S. Ranulph Blundevil John Scot Earl Things remarkable in this County In the River of Dee is great plenty of Salmon This River upon the fall of much Rain riseth but little but if the South-Wind beat long upon it it swells and overflows the Grounds adjoyning In the lower places of this County on the South-side of Cheshire by the River Wever Trees are oftentimes found by digging under ground which People think have lain hidden there ever since Noah's Flood At Nantwich Northwich and at Middlewich are the famous Salt-Pits of this County It is reported That there are Trees that float in Bagmeer against the death of any of the Heirs of the Breretons and after the Heir is dead they sink and are seen no more till the next occasion Mr. Cambden affirms That the bodies of these Trees swim for certain days together and may be seen of any body And he seconds this Story with another to the like purpose Leonardus Vairus saith he reports That near the Abby of St. Maurice in Burgundy is a Fish-Pond into which are put a number of Fishes equal to the number of Monks of that Place and if any of the Monks happen to be sick there is one of these Fishes seen to float and swim above water as half dead and if the Monk shall die the Fish will also die some few days before In the Parish of Bickley in this County upon the 8th of July 1657. about 3 of the Clock was heard a very great noise like Thunder afar off Upon the hearing whereof two Townsmen going into a Field called the Lay-Field found a very great Bank of Earth which had many tall Oaks
Amounderne Blackburn Laisand West Darbie Salford And in these Hundreds are 26 Market-Towns viz. Boulton Mon. Blackborn M. Wigan M. and Fr. Poulton Mon. Cartmill Mon. Hornby Mon. Haws-head Mon. Rochdale Tues Charley Tu. Ormek rk Tues Kirkham Tues Prescot Tues Hâ—slington Wed. Coln Wed. Warington W. Preston W. F. S. Bury Thurs Gastinge Th. Vlverston Th. Lancaster Sa. Manchester Sa. Clitheroe Sa. Leverpoole Sa. Dalton Sa. Leigh Great Eccleston The Shire-Town in this County is Lancaster lying in the Latitude of 54 deg 10. min. And it beareth from London N. W. by N. and is distant therefrom 187 miles Thus From London to Barnet 10. to St. Alban 20. to Dunstable 30. to Stony Stratford 44. to Toceter 50. to Daventry 60. to Coventry 74. to Lichfield 94. to Rugeley 99. to Stone 110. to Newcastle 116. to Warrington 136. to Newton 141. to Wiggan 148. to Preston 162. to Garstang 172. to Lancaster 187. But by a more exact admeasurement upon this Road it is found to be distant from London 232 miles This Town is very pleasantly situate but the Inhabitants thereof do not much abound in Wealth It is built on the South-side of the River Lon The principal Glory of this Town consisteth in the Church the Castle and the Bridge and in it are many fair and long Streets To this Town K. Edward the Third granted a Mayor and two Bailiffs which are elected out of 12 Brethren assisted by 24 Burgesses by whom it is yearly Governed with the supply of 2 Chamberlains a Recorder Town-Clerk and 2 Sergeants at Mace The Arms of this Town is Party per Fesse Vert and Gules in Chief a Quadrangle of Castles walled Argent and in Base a Lyon of England The Earls and Dukes of this County are Edmond Croukback Earl John of Gaunt D. The Kings of England of the House of Lancaster were Henry the IV. Henry the V. Henry the VI. Henry the VII Those of the House of York Edward IV. Edward V. Richard III. After many Battels and conflicts at length by the happy Marriage of Henry the 7th K. of England next Heir to the House of Lancaster with Elizabeth Daughter and Heir to Edward the 4th of the House of York the Red and white Roses were United Although Lancaster be the Shire Town yet the Town of Manchester far exceedeth it which is famous not only for the Church Colledge and Market-Place but for the great resort to it for Cloathing It was by Anthony the Emperour called Mancunium and was made the Fort and Station of the Romans Bible Chester also in this County though but a little Town hath been esteemed and called The Richest Town in Christendom Things Remarkable in this County Along the Sea side in many places lye heaps of Sand upon which the People pour Water till it contract a Saltish humour from the Sand and this they boyl with Turff till it become White Salt Not far from Fourness Fells is the greatest standing Water in England of a wonderful depth and stretching it self out for the space of 10 miles together all Paved in the bottom with Stone This Water is called the Miander Meer and there breeds in it a kind of Fish called a Chare which is no where else to be found The Mosses in this Shire are very unwholsom but the upper Coat of this Mossy Earth being pared away it yields a fat Earth for Fuel And in divers places under this mossy Earth good Marl is found to inrich the Land On the Banks of the River Irwell there is found a reddish Stone And about Manchester are Quarries of very good Stone By Chatmosse is a low moisy Ground very large a great part of which saith Cambden the Brooks swelling high carried quite away with them whereby the Rivers were corrupted and a number of fresh Fish perished In this place now lyes a low Vale watered with a small Brook where Trees have been digged up lying along The Wood of these Trees burns very bright so that some think them to be Fir Trees But Cambden questions whether they be not Subterraneous Trees growing under Ground as well as Plants and other Creatures Upon the very top of Pendle Hill grows a peculiar Plant called Clowdesberry as coming out of the Clouds This Hill lately did the Countrey near it much harm by abundance of water gushing out of it And this is remarkable for whensoever the top of it is covered with a Myst it is an infallible sign of Rain Besides this Hill there are not far from it two others viz. Ingleborrow and Penigent which seem to touch the Clouds In the River Lune near Cockerfand Abby is great store of Salmon Leicestershire THis Shire is bounded on the East by Lincolnshire On the West by Warwickshire On the South by Northamptonshire And on the North by Derbyshire and Nottinghamshire It containeth in length 30 miles In breadth 26 miles And in Circumference 100 miles The Air of this Shire is mild and wholsom making the Inhabitants very healthy and long liv'd The Soil is good for the production of Corn Cattle and Coles The principal Commodities are Pease Beans Cattle and Wool It is in the Diocess of Lincoln and hath in it 192 Parishes Out of it are elected 4 Parliament Men. Knights 2 Leicester 2 Its Division is into 6 Hundreds viz. West Goscote Sparkingho Goodlaxton Gartrey East Goscote Framland And in these Hundreds are 12 Market-Towns viz. Hinckley Mon. Mont Sorell Mon. Melton Mowbrey Tu. Harborough Tu. Bâ—sworth Wednes Loughborow Th. Waltham Would Th. Hallaton Th. Lutterworth Th. Billesden Frid. Leicester Sat. Asby de la Zouch Sa. The Principal Town in this Shire is Leicester lying in the Latitude of 52 deg 41 min. It beareth from London N. N. W. and is distant therefrom 78 miles Thus From London to Barnet 10. to St. Albans 20. to Dunstable 30. to Stony-Stratford 44. to Northampton 54. to Haverborough 66. to Leicester 78. But by more accurate admeasurement along the Road 98 miles This Town is said to be built by King Leir who lived 844 years before the Birth of Christ By whom this City is annually Governed I do not find but the Arms of the Town seem to be the same with that of Robert de Bellemont who was first Earl thereof which is Gules a Cinquefoil Ermine pierced of the Field The Earls of Leicester since the first Constitution are Robert de Bellemont Simon de Montefort Ranulph Earl of Chester Simon de Montefort Edmond Crouchback Will. de Bavar E. of Holland John of Gaunt D. of Lancaster Robert Dudley Things remarkable in this County Near Bosworth upon Redemore the last of the 13 Battels between the two Houses of York and Lancaster was fought whose dissention spent England more Blood than did the winning of France In which Battel Richard the Tyrant and Usurper by Henry Earl of Richmond with 4000 men were slain and but 10 only on the Earl's part lost their Lives The Corps of the Dead King
The Soil whereof is very Rich it lying in a Vale having some Hills also and some of them of good ascent from whose tops the Prospect of the whole is seen like unto Zoar in Egypt or rather saith Speed like a Paradise or Garden of God The Chief Commodities are Corn and Cattel It is in the Diocess of London and hath in it besides those in London and Westminster 73 Parishes Out of it are Elected 8 Members to sit in Parliament Knights 2 Westminster 2 LONDON 4 In it 5 Princely Houses inheritable to the English Crown are seated in this County viz. Enfield Hanworth White-Hall St. James and Hampton-Court The last whereof is rather a City in Shew than a Princely Palace only the which for stately Port and gorgeous Building not inferiour to any in Europe It s Division is into 7 Hundreds viz. Edmonton Goare Finisbury and Wenlaxeburn Osriston Elthorne Istleworth Spelthorn In it are 4 Market-Towns besides those in London and Westminster viz. Brainford Tues Edgware Thurs Vxbridge Thurs Stanes Friday The Principal Places in this County are the two Famous Cities of London and Westminster lying in the Latitude of 51 deg 32 min. Of which two Cities we shall speak more anon Things remarkable in this County At Barnet in this County are Medicinal Waters of late discovery and very famous Heston a little Village near to Istleworth is very remarkable for yielding the best Flower and the purest for Manchet The Waters of Crowders-Well by Cripplegate in London and that at the Postern by Tower-Hill have a very pleasant taste like that of New Milk and are very good for Sore Eyes But Crowders-Well is the better of the two And it is said that the Water of the Postern Spring on Tower-Hill being let stand for several days to settle will have in the bottom of it a yellow Sediment much resembling Brimstone both in colour and substance The Stews by the Bank-side in Southwark lying on the South side of London over the River Thames says Cambden were made to make Pikes and Tench fat and to scour them from their muddy Fennish taste And I have seen saith he Pikes Paunches opened with a knife to shew their fatness and presently the Wounds have come together again by the touch of Tenches and by the help of their glewy slime being perfectly healed up In the River of Thames there oftentimes happens a strange shifting of the Tides which is generally accounted a great Prodigie because it happens but seldom A recital of all those which I hear History makes mention of I shall here repeat Upon the 12th of October 1411. The Thames flowed thrice in one day Upon the 17th of December 1550. The Thames Flowed and Ebbed 3 times in 9 hours below Bridge Upon January the 26th in the year 1564 at night were two Tides in 2 hours The next day likewise were two in the morning and two at night Upon the 6th of November 1574 in the morning there happened two great Tides at London The one of Course and the other within an hour after which overflowed the Marshes and drowned many adjoyning Cellars Upon the 19th of February 1608 9 when of course it should have been dead low Water at London-Bridge it was high Water and presently it Ebbed almost half an hour to a foot depth and then suddenly it Flowed again almost 2 foot higher than it did before and then Ebbed again till it came near the right course Upon the 6th of February 1609 10 was another strange shifting of the Tides but the particulars I cannot gain Upon the 3d of January 1622 3 in the morning The Thames shifted four Tides within four hours viz. Two Floods and two Ebbs and then kept its right course Upon Candlemas-Day the 2d of February in Anno 1653 4 The Thames Ebbed and Flowed twice in 3 hours And the like shifting of the Tides at the same time was observed too by Seamen to be in the Maritine places of Kent Upon the 4th of October 1656 The River of Thames Ebbed and Flowed twice in 3 hours The Description following being too large to be inserted in its due place according to the Course of the rest of the Counties I have at the end by way of Supplement added this Brief DESCRIPTION OF LONDON K. Charles his Augusta or City Royal. And of the City of WESTMINSTER the Borough of SOVTHWARK and their Suburbs c. LONDON the Epitome and Glory of all Britain was the Seat of the British Empire as now the Royal Chamber of our Kings Who was the first Founder of Her Writers do much differ about some say Brute the Trojan others not but all agree that it was re-edified and enlarged by King Lud in Anno Mundi 5131. Antiquity For Antiquity London is very honourable as may appear by what A. Marcellinus says of her That she was called an Ancient City in his time which is above 1200 years ago and Cornelius Tacitus 300 years before that gives her this Character viz. London for multitude of Merchants and Commerce is very much renowned Situation This Noble City is seated on a gentle rising Bank in a healthful Air and no less pleasantly than commodiously on the River Thames so that whosoever was the Founder he shewed much prudence in the choice of its Situation and her successful estate hath given proof that built she was for long life and continuance Wall and its Gates The City is begirt with a Wall as is said by Constantine the Great which giveth entrance at seven principal Gates besides Posterns of later erection On the West side are two Ludgate and Newgate both which serve for Prisons the first for such Debtors as are Freemen of the City the other for Malefactors both of the City and Country as also the County-Goal for Debt Northwards those of Aldersgate Cripplegate Moorgate and Bishopsgate and Eastward Aldgate Besides these principal Gates there are several Posterns Also toward the River of Thames many Docks and Harbours for Vessels several Water-gates for the better security of the City and Advancement of Trade It s Extent But now as contemning Bondage this City hath enlarged her self on all sides with spacious Suburbs insomuch that she hath joyned her self Westward with another City to wit Westminster and extending her Building Eastward as far as Black-wall so that now the City is of great extent being in length from Black-wall in the East to Tuttle-fields in the West about six miles and in breadth one two and in some places almost three miles and in circuit 't is computed about 14 or 15 miles in which are numbred above 500 Streets and Lanes and 75000 Dwelling-Houses Of WESTMINSTER This City or part of London I shall first speak of being the Noblest and taken up by the King the Nobility Gentry and such as depend on the Court and Law was formerly called Thorney or Dorney and was an Island encompassed by the Thames overgrown with Briers and Thorns but now graced with fair
stately Houses and Palaces both publick and private The chief among which are First The Palaces of the King Whitehall and St. James the first being the Residence of His Sacred Majesty the other of his Royal Highness James Duke of York to which is joyned a delightful Park so called in which is a Pall-Mall said to be the best in Europe Secondly the Courts of Judicature and Houses of Parliament now known by the Name of Westminster-Hall a large Structure which was anciently the Palace of the Kings of England Thirdly Its Collegiate Church of Westminster which was the Temple of St. Peter raised out of the Ruines of a former dedicated to Apollo where the Trinobants did Sacrifice to Diana Tauropolia This Temple of St. Peter was destroyed by the Danes and re-edified by Dunstan Bishop of London in the year 960. Fourthly King Henry's Chappel being a most magnificent and curious Edifice beautified with the stately Tombs of the Kings and Queens with many of the Nobility of England renowned for the inauguration of our Kings and Queens now a Collegiate Church Fifthly Somerset-House a large and stately Structure belonging to the King situate upon the Thames Sixthly The New-Exchange a place well stored with variety of Shops and Goods to which may be added Seventhly The several Houses of the Nobility as Wallingford-House the Seat of the Earl of Arlington Northumberland-House the Residence of the Countess of Northumberland York-House belonging to the Duke of Buckingham but now turned into smaller Buildings and made new Streets of Houses Salisbury-House belonging to the Earl of Salisbury converted into a New-Exchange and a Street of smaller Houses Worcester-House to the Marquess of Worcester The Savoy formerly an Hospital now the Habitation of several Families where they have their Houses apart and here is His Majesties Wardrobe kept Arundel-House belonging to the Duke of Norfolk and Essex-House to the Duke of Somerset now also turned into small Buildings and made a Street to the Thames side Then Exeter-House Bedford-House Clarendon-House Leicester-House Southampton-House with divers others too many to be mentioned in this small Discourse The Limits of this City ends at Temple-Bar where the Liberty of London beginneth which we shall next speak of Of LONDON This City within the Walls and Freedom is divided into 26 Parts or Wards governed by a Lord Mayor so many grave Aldermen and two Sheriffs the yearly Choice of which was granted them by Patent from King John to these Henry the Third added some Aldermen these Aldermen take charge of the 26 Wards aforesaid and called from them Aldermanries The names of the Wards are thus called viz. 1. Tower-street 2. Portsoken 3. Aldgate 4. Limestreet 5. Bishopsgate 6. Broadstreet 7. Cornhil 8. Langhorn 9. Billingsgate 10. Bridgwater within 11. Candlewick 12. Walbrook 13. Dowgate 14. Vintrey 15. Cordwainer 16. Cheap 17. Coleman-street 18. Basinghall 19. Aldersgate 20. Cripplegate 21. Farringdon within 22. Faringdon without 23. Breadstreet 24. Queenhithe 25. Castle-Baynard 26. Bridgwater without viz. the Burrough of Southwark 1. Towerstreet Ward so termed from the Tower unto this Ward belongs Sydon-lane or Seething-lane part of Mark-lane Minchen-lane and Beer-lane Water-lane then Harp-lane in this Lane is the Bakers-Hall then the two Lanes called Church-Lanes and next to them Foul-lane then the Church of St. Dunstan's in the East the Custome-house and Key now bravely rebuilt and adorned 2. Portsoken Ward the East part of the Tower is in it then the Hospital of St. Katharine then East-Smithfield and Tower-hill where is the Store-house for keeping Provisions for the Navy Royal called the Slaughter-house the Merchant-Taylors have in this Ward Alms-houses for 14 Women next the Minories then the Church of St. Buttolph then is Hoglane near Goodmans-fields the Ward ending at Petticoat-lane 3. Aldgate Ward so named from the Gate the chief Street beginneth at the Gate betwixt the Gate and Limestreet in it is Bricklayers-Hall then Billeter-lane then Fenchurch-street till you come to Culver-alley then Crossed or Crouched-Friars Woodroof-lane Hart-street the North end of Mark-lane where the Ward endeth 4. Limestreet Ward here stands Leaden-Hall formerly a Storehouse for Provision for the Poor now a Market-place for Butchers Tanners Meal-men and Wool no Market in the World for variety of Provision able to stand in competition with it Tere is no Parish-Church or place for Divine Service in this Ward 5. Bishopsgate Ward part is without the Gate from St. Mary Spittle to Bishopsgate which Lanes and Alleys of note are Bethlehem East of the New Postern West by Moorfields and almost half of Houndsditch in this Ward is the Church of St. Buttolph without the Gate Fishers-folly the old Artillery-ground St. Mary-Spittle within the Gate is Bishopsgate-street so called of the Gate unto the East end of St. Martins-Outwitch where is Gresham-Colledg then by the West corner of Leaden-hall down that was called Grass-street to the Corner over against the Church great St. Hellens and little St. Hellens where is Leather-sellers-Hall 6. Broadstreet Ward so named from the Street in it is Throgmorton-street Threadneedle-street half Finch-lane and Scalding-alley in it is Alhallows in the Wall Winchester-street Carpenters-Hall Winchester-house the Hall between Winchester-street and Broad-street called the Glass-house in Broad-street are Sir Thomas Gresham's Alms-houses here standeth St. Peters the Poor of which Parish was formerly made this Rhime In the Parish of St. Peters the Poor There 's no Ale-house nor Tavern nor Sign at a door The Case is altered now quoth Ploydon The St. Augustine-Friers now the Dutch Church in this Ward is Drapers-Hall the House formerly of Cromwel Earl of Essex Bartholomew-lane and Merchant-Taylors-Hall in Threadneedle-street 7. Corn-hil Ward so called from a Corn-Market formerly kept there the chief Ornaments of this Ward are a famous Monument erected by Sir Thomas Gresham who named it the Burss afterwards by Queen Elizabeth called the Royal-Exchange it is the Place of publick meeting for Merchants whereunto they twice every day resort between twelve and one at Noon and six and seven at Night a stately Structure now said to be the best in the known World built quadrangular of Free-stone with a lofty Tower at the South entrance and Walks round the main Building over which are above 200 Shops for rich Wares and well stored with variety of all sorts The Church of St. Peter accounted the oldest Church in London the Church of St. Michael now rebuilt and bravely adorned also the South end of Finch-lane and the North end of Burching is in this Ward 8. Langborn Ward so termed of a Bourn or Brook of sweet Water that ran in it in which is Fenchurch-street Lombard-street half of Lime-street in which was Pewterers-Hall Dionys Back-church half of Birching-lane some few Houses in Philpot-lane St. Clements-lane down to St. Clements Church St. Nicholas-lane down beyond St. Nicholas Church a small portion of Abchurch-lane part of Beerbinder-lane Alhallows-Lombard-street St. Mary Wolnoth 9. Billingsgate Ward the Ornaments of this
Lunaticks Another Glory of the City of London which must not be omitted is the River of Thames This famous River taketh the Head or Spring out of the flank of a Hill in Cotswol-Downs about a mile from Tetbury from hence by many Meanders and meeting with other Streams she arrives to Oxford then to Abington to Wallingford Reading Marlborough Maidenhead Windsor Eaton Chersey Stains Kingston Richmond Brainford Mortlack Putney Chelsey Lambeth Westminster and so to London and thence to Gravesend and thus she comes sporting along from her first source about nine-score miles before she embosoms her self in the Arms of Neptune to which we may add her convenient distance from the Sea the wholsomness of her Water her multitude of Ships and smaller Vessels her stately Palaces on both sides of her Banks her variety of all sorts of Fish and the infinite number of Families that are maintained by this River Of London Bridge Quite over the River of Thames near unto the Tower there is built a most sumptuous and magnificent Bridg built upon nineteen Arches of Stone containing in length one quarter of a mile upon which there are most sumptuous Houses builded on both sides and a Draw-Bridge in the middle large Vessels when they have struck Sail may pass under the Arches This Bridge hath been several times rebuilt and hath twice in this Age been in part consumed by Fire yet the magnificence thereof exceeds all the Bridges that Story makes mention of Of the Tower The stately and strong Tower of London it 's a strong Fort or Citadel which secures both the City and the River it serves not only to Defend but to Command either upon occasion It is the Treasury for the Jewels and Ornaments of the Crown the great Archieve which conserves all the old Records of the Courts of Justice at Westminster it is the place for the Royal Mint for the Coynage of Gold and Silver it is the chief Magazine and Armory or Arsenal of the whole Land for Martial Engines and Provision In it also is the Brake or Rack And lastly It is a great Ornament both to the River and the City Of Fresh Water Rivers Aqueducts Conduits Fountains c. belonging to the City of London Before the Conquest and long after London was watered with a Water called Wallbrook running through the midst of the City now a Street receiving the same name and by another Bourn or Water running through Langborn VVard watering the East part In the Suburbs VVestward was another great Water called Old Bourn now Holborn In the other part of the Suburbs were three principal VVells viz. Holy Well Clements Well Clarks well and near unto this five smaller VVells In West-Smithfield there was Horse-Pool and by Cripplegate Church Crowders Well but most of these are now stopped up and by the admirable VVork of Sir Hugh Middleton the VVater being brought from Amwel Spring by Ware to London it runs in Pipes through all the Streets of the City and by smaller Pipes into almost every Man's House To which we may add the several VVaterhouses built by the Thames which serve to convey VVater to their adjacent places The Inhabitants of London are sufficiently furnished with Provisions for besides the several Shambles every where dispersed up and down there are these Markets Leaden-hall Market the Stocks Market Hony-lane Market Newgate Market Clare Market Southampton Market St. James Market Westminster Market and Ratcliff Market To conclude London is a City of great fame for its Trade and Commerce with all Nations in the known VVorld and if we consider its Antiquity Riches Jurisdiction Situation its Populousness its good Government the ingenuity of its Inhabitants in Arts Manufactures and Martial Affairs It may deservedly be compared with any City of the highest rank in the whole VVorld By this brief Description of these two Famous Cities of London and Westminster and River of Thames you may conceive of its magnitude in some measure as Hercules may be judged by his Foot But if you would have a farther inspection into them there is lately Engraven a Map in Copper and Printed in a large sheet of Royal Paper in which is accurately described all the Streets Lanes and Common passages in these two Cities viz. From St. James's to Black Wall as they are now made nnd altered since the late Dreadful Fire The Price of which Map is but 12 d. and is to be had at Mr. Robert Mordens at the Sign of the Atlas in Cornhil near the Royal Exchange in London Memorable Casualties and other Remarkable Things and Passages hapning in London In the 20th year of William the Conqueror so great a Fire hapned in London that from the West Gate to the East i. e. from Ludgate to Aldgate it consumed all Churches and Houses together with the Cathedral Church of St. Paul In the 4th year of Will. Rufus on the 18th of October being St. Luke's Day about 600 Houses were thrown down with Tempest and the Roof of Bow Church in Cheapside was raised so that in the fall six of the Beams being 27 foot long a piece were driven so deep into the ground the Street being then not Paved that not above 4 foot remained above ground in sight and yet the whole frame kept together in the same order as they were placed by the Workmen on the Root it self In the year 1186. and in the Reign of Henry the 2d London was Paved In the 10th year of Richard the First was London first Governed by a Mayor and Sherifts In the year 1209. and in the Reign of K. John London Bridge was built with Stone In the 17th year of Henry the 3d. Five Suns appeared at one time together after which followed so great a Dearth that People were constrained to eat Horseflesh and Barks of Trees and in London 20 Thousand were starved for want of Food In the 27th year of Edward the First the Kings Palace at Westminster and the Monastery adjoyning were Burnt In the same 27th year of his Reign an Act was made by the Common-Council of London with the King's consent concerning the price of Victuals viz. A fat Cock three half-pence 2 Pullets the same A Goose 4 d. A Mallard 3 half-pence A Pheasant 4 d. A Heron 6 d. A Plover 1 d. A Swan 3 s. A Crane 1 s. 2 Wood-Cocks 3 halfpence A fat Lamb from Christmas to Shrovetide 16 d. and all the year after for 4 d. And VVheat this year was so plentiful that a Quarter was sold for 10 Groats In the 8th year of Edward the 2d was so great a Dearth that Horses and Dogs were eaten and Thieves in Prison plucked those in pieces that newly came in amongst them eating them half alive this Famine continued 3 years and brought in the end such a Pestilence that the living scarce sufficed to Bury the dead In this Kings Reign digging a Foundation of a Work about St. Pauls in London was found above 100 head of Oxen and
Kine In the year of our Lord 1348. a Plague began in London about Alhallontide and continued till the year 1357. which is 9 years where it was observed That those that were born after the beginning of this Mortality had but 28 Teeth whereas before they had 32. In Anno 1411. Guild-hall in London was built In the 4th year of Edw. the 3d. A Solemn Tournament or Jousting which lasted three days was held in Cheapside London near to Soper-lane where a Scaffold was erected for the Queen Philippa and her Ladies to sit on to see the Jousting which Scaffold fell and though there was no hurt done the King threatned to punish the Carpenters that erected it for their neglect till the Queen upon her knees intreated pardon for them In the 11th year of his Reign was so great a Plenty that in London A Quarter of Wheat was was sold for 2 s. A fat Oxe for a Noble A fat Sheep for 6 d. Five Pigeons for a Peny A fat Goose for two Pence A Pig for a Peny In the 14th year of Richard the 2d on Christmas day a Dolphin was taken up at London Bridge of a monstrous growth and 10 foot long In a Parliament time in this Kings Reign a certain Image was made of Wax by Necromancy which at an hour appointed uttered these words The Head shall be cut off The Head shall be lift up aloft The Feet shall be lift up above the Head This Parliament was called the Marvellous Parliament In the 3d year of Henry the 5th upon Candlemas Day 7 Dolphins came up the River of Thames whereof 4 were taken Upon the 8th of November in the 7th year of K. Henry the 6th the Duke of Norfolk passing through London Bridge His Barge being set upon the Piles overwhelmed so that 37 persons were Drown'd and the Duke with some others that escaped were fain to be drawn up with Ropes In the 18th year of Henry the 6th All the Lions in the Tower died And upon the 18th day of July in the same year the Postern Gate between the two Tower Hills sunk by night above 7 foot into the Ground In the 10th year of King Henry the 7th in the digging a new Foundation in the Church of St. Mary Hill in London the Body of Alice Hackney who had been Buried in that Church 175 years before was found whole of Skin and the Joynts of her Arms pliable her Corps was kept above ground 4 days without annoyance and then Buried again In the 15th year of his Reign was a great Plague of which there died in London in that year 30 Thousand persons In the 9th year of K. Henry the 8th there hapned a Sweating Sickness whereof a number of People died especially in London so thar in 3 and sometimes in 2 hours it took away mens lives It began in July and continued till the middle of December In the 20th year of his Reign in the end of May began another Sweating Sickness in London which infected all places of the Realm In the 27th year of Henry the 8th upon Tuesday in Easter VVeek William Foxley Pot-maker for the Mynt of the Tower of London fell asleep and could not be waked with pinching or burning till 14 days after and when he awaked was found in all points as if he had slept but one night and he lived 40 years after In the second year of Edward the 6th St. Anns Church by Aldersgate in London was consumed by Fire In his 5th year was a Sweating Sickness again more violent than those foregoing for in the first VVeek it began in London there died there 800 persons and it was so violent that it took men away in 24 hours sometimes in 12 and some in less In this Sickness besides divers Persons of Quality and account there died two Sons of Charles Brandon Duke of Suffolk both dying within an hour one of another and in such order that both of them died Dukes In the 2d year of Q. Mary on the 15th of February in the Sky appeared a Rainbow reversed i. e. the Bow downwards and the ends upwards Also 2 Suns shined at one time being a good distance asunder In the 4th year of her Reign Burning Agues and other-strange Diseases took away very many people so that in London between the 20th of October and the last of December there died seven Aldermen In her 5th year upon the last of September there fell such great store of Rain that Westminster Hall was full of VVater and Boats were rowed over Westminster Bridge into King-street In the 3d year of Q. Elizabeth the Spire of St. Paul's Cathedral in London being 260 foot high above the Stone-work being made of VVood and covered with Lead was with Lightning burnt down together with the Roof of the Church and Steeple and all in less than 5 hours time Also in this year of her Reign were produced many monstrous Births viz. a Mare brought forth a Foal with two Heads and a long Tail growing out between the two Heads A Sow farrowed a Pig with 2 Bodies 8 Feet and but one Head In her 6th year a great Pestilence raged in London whereof there died there in one year 21 Thousand and 5 Hundred persons In her 8th year there died in London in 10 Months space 7 Aldermen In her 15th year appeared the new Star or Comet in Cathedra Cassiopoea In her 17th year the River Thames Ebb'd and Flowed twice in one hour And upon the 9th of September the Heavens seemed to be all on fire In her 26th year was a great Plague in London of which there died besides the Lord Maior and three Aldermen 17 Thousand 8 hundred and 90. and Michaelmas Term was held at St. Albans In the first year of K. James the Plague was so violent in London that from the 23th of December to the 12th of December following there died in London and the Liberties 38 thousand 244 persons whereof of the Plague 30 thousand 568 of which in one Week 3 thousand and 90. In his 3d year a great Porpus was taken at West Ham a mile and half within the Land and a few days after a Whale was divers times seen above the Water in the River of Thames which was judged to exceed the biggest Ship upon the River but tasting the fresh Water retired into the Sea In his 6th year 1609. A Frost began in December and lasted till April following In the 12th year of his Reign the New-River Water was brought to London In the year 1623. on Friday Octob. 24. A Romish Priest Preached in the Afternoon at Hunsdon House in the Black Fryers London in an upper Chamber where 300 persons were assembled to hear him when about the middle of the Sermon a great part of the Floor brake and fell down in the fall whereof the Priest was slain and near 100 of his Auditors and as many more maimed In the 7th year of King Charles the First upon the 29th of May a
in this Shire that Hunters when they and their Horses are tired do drink of though it be in the hottest weather they both become presently as fresh as if they had not run at all Suffolk IS bounded on the East by the German Ocean On the VVest by Cambridgshire On the South by Essex And on the North by Norfolk It containeth in length 48 miles In breadth 24 miles And in Circumference 156 miles The Temperature of the Air is exceeding good and is by some Physicians thought to be the best in England especially in the parts about Bury The Soil consists of Clay and rich Marle The chief Commodities are Butter Cheese Linnen and Woollen Cloath It is in the Diocess of Norwich and hath in it 575 Parishes Out of it are Elected 16 Members to sit in Parliament Knights 2 Ipswich 2 Dunwich 2 Orford 2 Aldborough 2 Sudbury 2 Eye 2 St. Edmonds-Bury 2 Its Division is into 22 Hundreds viz. Lackford Thingoe Risbridge Babergh Thredwastrye Blackborn Stowey Conford Bosmere Sampford Colneis Carleford Thredling Hartesmere Floxone Lones Milford Plumesgate Blithing Wangford Mutford Lothingland And in these Hundreds are 29 Market-Towns viz. Orford Mon. Hadleigh Mon. Lavenham Tu. Mendlesham Tu. Halesworth Tu. Haverill Wedn. Bildeston Wed. Needham W. Woodbridge W. Lestoff W. Bury Wed. Stow-Market Th. Tansdale Th. Saxmundham Th. Sowley Th. Bungay Th. New-market Th. Ikesworth Fr. Moldenhall Fr. Clare Fri. Neyland Fr. Debenham Fr. Sudbury Sa. Aye Sa. Franglingham S. Aldborough S. Dunwich S. Becles S. Ipswich W. F. Sa. Newland The Principal Town is Ipswich lying in the Latitude of 52 deg 8 min. It bears from London N. E. and is distant from thence 55 miles Thus From London to Rumford 10 miles to Burntwood 15. to Chelmsford 25. to Keldon 35. to Colchester 43. to Ipswich 55. But by more accurate admeasurement on the Road it is found to be distant from London 68 miles This Town of Ipswich hath been formerly VValled about by a Rampire of Earth and is a Town which for Commerce and fair Buildings may deserve the name of a City and that no inferiour one neither for its Trade Circuit and Situation may equalize any part of the Land This Town is yearly Governed by two Bailiffs and Ten Port-men in Scarlet and 24 Common-Council men in Purple a Recorder a Town-Clerk 5 Sergeants whereof one is for the Admiralty a Beadle and common Cryer all in Blew with the Towns Arms on their Sleeves which Arms are Party per pale Gules a Lion Rampant Or. And Azure 3 Sterns of Ships Argent The Dukes and Earls of Suffolk created since the Conquest Robert Vfford Earl of Suffolk William de la Pool D. of Suffolk Charles Brandon D. of Suffolk Henry Gray D. of Suffolk Thomas Howard E. of Suffolk The Dukes and Earls of Clare created since the Norman Conquest Gilbert de Clare E. of Clare Lionel Son to K. Edward the 3d. D. of Clarence Thomas Lancaster Duke of Clarence George Brother to K. Edward the 4th D. of Clarence John Holes E. of Clare Things Remarkable in this County Besides the Principal in this County viz. Ipswich this Town of St. Edmonds Bury is remarkable For 1. In it was erected the first Christian Church by Sigebert K. of the East Angles in which K. Edmond was Buried and in Memory of him the famousest Monastery in the World erected 2. For the Beauty and Buildings of this Town and Abbey I shall refer the Reader to the Character which Leyland gives of it viz. This The Sun hath not seen a Town more finely seated or so delicately upon the East ascent of a Hill with a River running on the East side Nor a more stately Abbey either for Revennues or incomparable magnificence in whose prospect appeareth rather a City than a Monastery so many Gates for entrance and many of them Brass so many Towers and a most glorious Church upon which attend 3 others standing all in the same Church-yard all of them very fine and of curious Artifice Not far from this Town a great Battel was fought by Robert Bassu E. of Leicester against his Soveraign K. Henry the 2d But Bassu was overthrown by Ri. Lucye the King 's High Justice Bassu and his Wife taken Prisoners and many English and Flemings slain In the 30th year of K. Henry the 2d near unto Orford there was taken a Fish in the shape of a Man which Fish was kept by Barthol de Glandevile in the Castle at Orford above 6 Months he spoke not one word all manner of meats he eat but delighted chiefly in raw Fish often-times they brought him to the Church but he never shewed any sign of adoration at length for want of looking to he stole to the Sea and was never more seen At Downham Bridge near unto Ipswich in the 10th year of Queen Elizabeth 17 Monstrous Fishes some of them being 27 foot in length In the year 1555. a crop of Pease without sowing or Tillage grew in the Rocks between Orford and Aldebrough when by unseasonable weather a great Dearth of Corn was in the Land there in the Month of August were gathered above 100 Quarters and in blossoming remained as many more where Grass never grew nor Earth ever seen but 3 yards solid Rock under their Roots Surrey IS bounded on the East by Kent On the West by Hantshire and Barkshire On the South by Sussex And on the North by Middlesex the River Thames dividing those two Counties This County containeth in length 40 miles In breadth 37. And in Circumference 130 miles The Temperature of the Air is sweet and wholsom For the Soil saith Speed it is better stored for Game than Grain and the wholsomness of the Air issues from the Sandiness of the Soil And notwithstanding it is wealthy enough both in Corn and Pasture especially in the North parts towards the River of Thames The chief Commodities of this County are Corn Box Fullers Earth and Walnuts It is in the Diocess of Winchester and hath in it 140 Parishes Out of it are elected 14 Members which sit in Parliament Knights 2 Southwark 2 Blechingly 2 Ryegate 2 Guildford 2 Gatton 2 Haslemore 2 Its Division is into 13 Hundreds viz. Chersey Woking Fernham Godalming Emley Kingston Brixton Croydon Tanridge Reygate Copthorne Darking Black-Heath And in these Hundreds are 7 Market-Towns viz. Reygate Tues Darking Thurs Farnham Thurs Croydon Sat. Kingston Sat. Gilford Sat. Ewell Besides the Burrough of Southwark which keeps Market equal with London The principal Town in this County is Guilford lying in the Latitude of 51 deg 13 min. It bears from London S. W. by W. and is distant therefrom 25 miles Thus From London to Kingston 10 miles to Cobham 17. to Guildford 25. But by more accurate admeasurement it is found to be 30 miles from London This County saith Speed is barren indeed of Cities or Towns of great estate yet is she stored with many Princely Houses yea and 5 of His Majesties Palaces so