for these two General Councils of the Church and Realm this year are not found extant on record The Patent Roll in the 5 of King Iohn makes mention of an Assise of Beer and Wine made per Commune Consilium Baronum nostrorum held the year before at Winchester Rex c. sciatis Nos Communi Consâ—lio Baronum nostrorum constituisse Quod albus panis factus in Civitate nostra Winton fit ponderis 3 c Sol. c. Et unusquisque Pistor sigillum suum pani suo apponat c. Et volumus et firmiter praecipimus quod haec constitutio firmiter teneatur Facta est autem haec constitutio ad Pascham proximam post obitum Alienorae Reginae matris nostrae anno regni nostri quinto Teste G. fil Petri Com. Essex apud Freitemnel 15 die Aprilis This Ordinance for the Assise of Bread with the Proclamation and proceedings thereupon is more at large recorded in Matthew Paris Hist. Angl. Anno 1262 Editione Tyguri 1589. p. 200. where you may peruse it at leasure In the 5th year of his reign as Met. Paris relates Rex Johannes in COMITES BARONES occasiones praetendens quod ipsuminter hostes reliquerant in partibus transmarinis unde Castella terras suas pro eorum defectu amiserat caepit ab eis septimam partem omnium mobilium suorum by grant as I conceive in a Parliamentary Council nec etiam ab hac rapina in Ecclesiis conuentualibns manus coercuit violentas Yet I find no Writ of Summons to this Council in the Rolls of this year In the 6 year of his reign An. 1204. In crastino circumcisionis venerunt ad Colloquium apud Oxoniam Rex MAGNATES Angliae ubi concessa sunt Regi auxilia militaria de quolibet scuto scilcet duae marcae dimidia Nec etiam Episcopi Abbates sive Ecclesiasticae personae sine promiss one recesserunt In the 8 year of his Regality as King Iohn celebrated the day of our Saviours Naâ—ivity at Oxford So it appears he likewise held a Parliamentary Council there which granted him an ayd toward the recovery of his lands in France and defence of the Realm of England by these two Records that year Claus. 8. Iohan. Regis dors 2. Rex Iustic auxilii assidendi Vic. Berks salutem Sciatis quod Abbas de Abbendon finivit nobiscum pro sexties cent mar pro habenda quietantia de dominicis feodis hominibus omnibus tenentibus suis in Balliva vestra de anxilio Nobis proviso PER CONCILIUM NOSTRUM OXON et ideo vobis mandamus quod ipse inde quietus sit Et si quid inde per Nos incâ—oatum suerit penitus relax Tu autem Vic. videas quod securus sis quod habeamus unam medietatem finis illius ad proximum clausum Pasche Et aliam mediâ—tatem ad ptoximum festum Sancti Iohannis Baptistae Alioquin capietur de firma tua Et Justitiariis mandatum est libere tenentibus suis in ballivia tua quod faciant ei praedictum auxilium Et si quid inde cepisti id ei sine dilatione reddi fac T. Pat. 8. Iohan. Rs. m. 1. Rex Archidiaconâ— Officiali toti Clero Archiepiscopatus Cantuar. Salutem Notum satis quod Archiepiscopi Episcopi Abbates Priores Magnates regni nostri auxilium Nobis fecerunt ad defensionem regni nostri recuperationem terrarum nostrarum Verum quia de vobis confidimns quod Nos â—onorem nostrum diligitis defensionem regni nostri recuperationem terrarum nostrarum affectatis vos rogamus attentius quatenus tale axilium Nobis exemplo accepto ex parte vestra faciatis ut inde vobis gratias dare debeamus Et quod alii Rectores Ecclesiarum intuitu vestri ad auxilium Nobis faciendum exempio vestro facilius inuitentur â—t quantitatâ—m auxilii quod nobis quilibet ipsorum sacâ—re voluer it quilibet vestrum seperatim faciat Ita quod per ipsos in octabis Sanctae circumcisionis inde possimus testificari Teste me ipso apud Ebor. 26. die Maii. This same year the Arch-bishops Bishops Abbots Archdeacons and Clergy of England by command from Pope Innocent without the Kings Writ or consent were called to and resolved to hold a Council at Saint Albans to pay Romescot in an unusual manner and many other unaccustomed exactions to the great prejudice of the Kingdom and oppression of the people whereupon the King upon the general complaint of the universality of the Earls Barons Knights and other Subjects against those exactions this Council issued forth this memorable Writ and Prohibirion in preservation of the rights of the Crown Kingdom People against this Papal usurpation and innovation Pat. 8. Iohan. Rs. m. 1. Rex Archiepiscopis Episcopis Abbatibus Archidiaconis omni clero apud Sanctum Albanum AD CONCILIVM convocato salutem Conquerente universitate Comitum Baronum Militum aliorum-fidelium nostrorum audivimus quod non solum in laiâ—orum grave praejudicium sed etiam in totius Regni nostri intolerabile dispendium super Romescotto praeter consuetudinem soluendo aliis pluribus inconsuetis exacâ—ionibus Autoritate summi Pontisicis CONCILIUM inire CONCILIUM celebrare decrevistis Nos vero licet ob honorem sidie nostrae debitum reverentiae quod sanctae Romanae Ecclesiae impendere tenemur voluntatem sancti Patris vestri Domini Papae Innocentiae obtemperare cupimus tamen omittere non possumus quin quaerelis fidelium subditorum nostrorum clamantium de jactura sua timentium prout necesse est sibi subveniamus â—mergentibâ—scausis quae indempnitati pacis unitati regni nostri obviare possunt quanta decet celeritate diligentia occurramus Vobis igitur praecise mandamus expresse prohibemus ne super praedictis vel aliquibus aliis CONCILIUM ALIQUOD anthoritate aliqua in fide qua nobis tenemini teneatis vel contra regni nostri consuetudinem aliquod novum statuatis et sicut Nos honorem nostrum communem regni tranquillitatem diligitis à celebratione hujusmodi CONCILII à praedictis taxationibus ad praesens supersedeatis quousque cum universitate nostra super hoc COLLOQUIUM habuerimus Scientes per certo quod expediet honori sanctae Romanae Ecclesiae domino Papae Nobis Vobis quod istud ad praesens negotium differatur donec generalem habuimus conferrentiam commodius honestius explicari Et quod vobis hoc mandamus pro honore commodo sacrosanctae Ecclesiae vestri regni nostri id fecimus Quia talia audivimus quod hoc ita fieri necessario expedit sicut vobis dicemus cum vobiscum locuti fuerimus Teste me ipso apud Ebor. 26. die Maii. Now because all Elections of Knights of Shiers are and ought to be made in the next County Court after the Writs for Elections come
Council held in August Anno â—107 Vt nullus ad Praelattonem electus PRO HOMAGIO QUOD REGI FACERET consecratione suscepti honoris privaâ—etur Which Law and usage continued under King Henry the second as is evident by this passage of Glanvil l. 9. c. 1. who writ and was chief Justice under him Electi vero in Episcopos ante consecrationem HOMAGIA SVA FACERE SOLENT What solemn publike Oathes of Allegiance and Fidelity Bishops and other Clergymen as well as the Temporal Lords Commons have heretofore and of late years made to our Kings and their heirs you may read at leasure in the Exact Abridgement of the Records in the Tower p. 427 657 663 25 H. 8. c. 20. 22. 26 H. 8. c. 7. 10. 35 H. 8. c. 1. 1 Eliz. c. 2 3. 5 Eliz. c. 1. 3 Jac. c. 3. 5. 7. Jac. c. 6. I shall only present you with one more thus recorded in the Clause Roll of 11 E. 4. m. 1. dorso Memorand quod tertio die Iulii Anno regni Regis Edwardi Quarti undecimo apud Westm. in Camera Parliamenti Venerabilis Pater Thomas Cardinalis Archiepiscopius Cantuar ac alii Domini Spirituales et Temporales ac etiam quidam Milites quorum nomina subscribuntur fecerunt Recognitionem Iuramentumque praestiterunt Edwardo primogenito dicti Domini nostri Regis Edwardi Quarti illustri Principi Walliae Duci Cornub Comiti Cestriae in forma sequenti ad corroborationem praemissâ—rum singuli corum manibus propries scripserunt sua Nomina I Thomas Cardinal Archbishop of Canterbury knowledge take and repute you Edward Prince of Wallys Duke of Cornwall and Earl of Chester first begotten soâ— of our Soveraign Lord Edward the fourth King of England and of France and Lord of Ireland to be very and undoubted heir to our said Soveraign Lord as to the Crowns of England and France and Lordship of Irâ—land and promiâ—â—e and swear that in case hereafter it happen you by Gods disposition to overlive our said Soveraign Lord I shall then bear and in all things truly and faithfully behave me towards you and your â—heirs as a true and 〈…〉 Subject ought to behave 〈◊〉 to his Soveraign Lord and right wyâ— King of England c. So help me God and holy domes and the Evangelists T. 〈…〉 G. 〈◊〉 T. London Episc. Heâ—r Dunâ—lm W. Episc. Winton G. Clâ—rence R. Gloucester Norff. H. Buckyngham I. â—uff Arundell H. Essex E. Kent Riveriâ—rs I. Wiltshire W. 〈◊〉 Prior Hospâ—t S Iohannis E. Arundall Mautravers A. Gray I. Fenis R. Eâ—â—sc Sarum W. 〈…〉 T. 〈◊〉 R. Bathonien E. Carliol R. Beauchamp Sir Robâ—rt Fenys Bourgchier T. Bourchier W. Par. I. Dudley I. Audley Dacâ—e Edwâ—â—do Bergaveny I. Sâ—trange I. Scrop W. Ferrers Berners Hastingâ— Mouâ—tjoy Dynham Howard Duras I. Pilkâ—ngton W. Beaâ—don W. Courtenay T. Mullineux Raulf Ashtoâ— The first who brought Homage into England for ought I can finde was William the Conqueror and his Normansâ— who equally imposed it on all Bishops Abboâ—s and Clergymensas well as on the Laity in the self-same words and form for ought appears How Bishops Abbots came to be exempred from doing homage for their Temporalties to our Kings after their consecraâ—â—ons I have already touched shall here further declare for the informaâ—ion of those of my own profession Abbot Ingulphâ—s records 〈◊〉 mulcis armis retroactis even from King Eâ—hâ—lâ—eds reigâ— â—ulla electio Praelatorum erat merè iâ—era â—â—canonica â—ed omnes divnitaâ—es tam Episcoporum quam Abbatum per Annulum et Baculnm Regis curia pro sna complacentia conferebat his 〈…〉 King William the Conquerot who first bâ—ought the word and service of HOMAGE out of Normandy into England and at his Coronation at Loâ—don Ann. 1067. HOMAGIIS à Magnatibus as well of the Clergy as Laity acceptis cum FIDELITATIS JURAMENTO obsidibusque acceptis in regno confirmatus omnibus qui ad regnum aspiraverant factus est terrori as Matthew Paris p. 4. and Matthew Westminster p. 1. relate Ann. 1072. He received homage from the King of Scots And Anno 1079 He entred Wales with a numerous Army subdued it et a Regnlis 〈◊〉 ditionis HOMAGIA FIDELITATES ACCEPâ—T Anno 1083. Cepit HOMAGIA Ordinum totius Angliae et JURAMENTUM FIDELITATIS cujusâ—unque essent â—endi â—el senementiâ— And apud Londonias HOMINIUM SIBI FACERE et contra omnes homines FIDELITATEM JURARE OMNEM ANGLIAE INCOLAM IMPERANS therefore Bishops Abbots and Clocks as well as Laymen totam terram descripsit c. as Ingulphus informs us flourishing in that age The Pope being much offended that Kings should thus conferre Bishopricks Abbies and other Ecclesiastical dignities Per Annulum et Baculum and that Bishops and Abbots should thus doe Homage and Feâ—lty to them and become their men as well as Lâ—ickâ— as being a grand impediment to their Supreme Authority over Emperors Kings and Princes of the earth strenuoâ—sly attempted by Pope Hilâ— lebrand thereupon Pope Urban the 2d Anâ—s 1095. in a Council held at Claremount ordained Ut Episcopi vel Abbates vel aliquis de Clero aliquam Ecclesiasticam dignitatem de manu Principum vel quorumliber Laicorum non recipiant And this not prevailing in another Council held by this Pope at Rome Anno 1099. Urbanus Papa excommunicavit omnes Laicos investituras Eccleâ—arum dantes et omnes easdem investituras de manibâ—s Laicorum accipientes necnon omnes in officium sic dati honoris consecrantes Excommunicavit etiam eos qui pro Ecclesiasticis Honoribus LAICORUM HOMINES FIUNT id est HOMAGIUM INEUNT as learned Sir Hen. Spelman truly expounds it Dicens minus execrabile videri ut manus quae in tantam eminentiam excreâ—erant ut quod nulli Angelorum concessumâ—est ut Deum cuncta creantem suo signaculo CREANT mark the blasphemy and contradiction et eundem ipsum pro salute totius mundi Dei Patris obtutibus offerant in hanc ignaviam vel stulâ—itiam detrudantur ut ancillae fiant eorum manuum quae diebus et noctibus obscenis contactibus inquinantur sive rapinis et injustae sanguinis effusione addictae maculantur Et ab omnibus est clamatum fiat fiat et in his consummatum est conciâ—ium Hereupon Anselm Archbishop of Canterbury a Burgundian by birth and great Creature of the Popes peremptorily refused to consecrate any Bishops who received their Investiâ—ures per annulum baculum from the King or to have any communion with those who were thus invested and consecrated by the Archbishop of Yorke in his absence denying to do any homage or fealty to King Henry the 1. after his revocation by him from his exile under Will. Rufus without the Popes license affirming Volente DEO NVLLIVS MORTALIS HOMOFIAM nec per Sacramenâ—uÌ„ alicui FIDEM PROMITTAM Hereupon Rex Regnique Proceres Episcopi et cujuscunque generis aulici
Parliamentum nostrum apud Lincoln mittatis Ita quod sint ibi in Octabis Sancti Hillarii prox futur ad ultimum Nobiscum cum caeteris de Consilio nostro super praemissis tractaturi suumque consilium impensuri Et hoc sicuâ— Nos honorem ac commodum Regni nostri diligitis nullatenus omittatis T. Rege ut supra Eodem modo mandatum est Cancellar et Universitati Cantebr quod mittant ad dictum Parliamentum duo vel tres de discretioribus et magis in â—ure scripto expertis c. Then follows a writ to sundry Abbots Priors Deans and Chapters with the same recital Quia super Iure Dominio c. as in the last De mittendiâ— Chronic ad Parliamentum c. of which in its due place more fully The occasion and result whereof and of sending these Lawyers from the Universities to the Parliament you may read at large in Matthew Westminster Anno 1302. p. 419. to 438. and in Thomas de Walsingham Hist. Angl. p. 32. to 58. Before I proceed to the ensuing Writs I shall here observe 1. That this recital Quia super jure Dominio quae Nohis in regno Scotiae competit c. is not mentioned at all in the Writs of Summons to the Archbishops Bishops Abbots Priors temporal Lords Justices or Sheriffs of Counties but only to the Clergy-men of the Kings Counsil Vniversities and to those Abbots Priors Deanes and Chapters who were to search and send their Chronicles to the Parliament that had any thing in them concerning the Kings right to Scotland 2ly That for the Honour of my Quondam nursing Mother the University of Oxford she is here preferred before the Vniversity of Cambridge and her Chancellor and she enjoyned to send 4. or 5. of the discreâ—test and most exact Lawyers of the said University to the Parliament to treat with the King and the rest of his Counsil concerning his ancient right and dominion to the Realme of Scotland whereas the Chancellour and Vniversity of Cambridge are commanded to send only 2. or 3. such Lawyers of it for that purpose 3ly That these Lawyers sent from the Universities upon this special occasion were only extraordinary assistants there being no such president of any thus sent to succeeding Parliaments The 6. Writ of this kind is in Claus. 30. E. 1. d. 13. Rex dilectoâ— fidelissimo suo Rogero la Brabazun salutem Quia super quibusdam arduis negotiis Nos totum Regnum nostrum specialiter tangentibus Vobiscum Cum caeteris de Consilio Nostro habere Volumus colloquium tractatum Vobis mandamus firmiter injungentes quod in Octabis Nativitatis Sancti Johannis Baptistae prox futur ad ultimum apud Westm. omnibus modis personaliter intersâ—â—is Nobiscum superâ—dictis negotâ—is tractatur vestrumque consilium impensur hoc nullatenus omittatis T. Rege ut supra p. 13. Consimiles literae diriguntur subscriptis viz. 33. more Judges and others mentioned in the former Catalogues Anno. 34. E. 1. dors 2. There is no Writ to the Assistants entred in the Roll but 16. of them only Justices and Clergy-men are named in the Eodem modo after the Lords and great men with aâ—little space between their names for distinction sake The next Writ of this kind is thus briefly registred Claus. 1. E. 2. dors 19. Rex dilecto fideli suo Rogeroâ— le Brabazun salutem Quia super quibusdam c. ut supra usquâ— ibi vobiscum cum caeteris fidelibus nostris c. Magnatibus c. Teste Rege ut supra p. 14. 15. eodem modo scribitur subscriptis viz. 29. more Justices Clerks and others In Claus. 1. E. 2. d. 9. There is no Writ but after the Earles and Barons Writ and names followes this entry Eodem modo mandatum est subscriptis viz. Willielmo Iuge and 36. others whereof 2. only were Clergy-men The next Writ is in Claus. 1. E. 2. dors 8. Rex dilecto fideli suo Rogero de Brabazon salutem Quia c. ut supra p. 15. Vobis mandamus firmiter injungentes quod dictis die loco omnibus aliis praetermissis personaliter intersitis ibidem Nobiscum Cum caeteris de Consilio Nostro super dictis negotiis tractatur vestrumque consilium impensur hoc nullatenus omâ—ttatis T. R. apud Westm. x. Die Martii Consimiles literae diriguntur to 35. others Justices and Lay-men and but to 2. Clerks In Claus. 2. E. 2. d. 14. 11. 20 Schedula there are 4. Writs of the same forme with the last The 1. to Roger de Brabazon and 34. others whereof one only was a Clerk the 2. to him and 16. others whereof 7. were Clerks the 3d. to him and 22. others whereof 6. were Clerks and two others Escheators the one ultra Trentam the other citra Trentam The 4th to him and 6. more the one of them a Clerk The next Writ is in Claus. 4. E. 2. dors 1. somewhat different from the former Rex dilecto fideli suo Willielmo de Bereford salutem Quia super diversis arduis negotiis Nos Statum Regni nostri specialiter tangentibus in instanti Parliamento nostro die Dominica prox ante festum Sancti Laurentii prox futur fecimus summoneri Vobiscum cum caeteris de Consilio nostro Colloquium habere volumus tractatum Vobis mandamus firmiter injungentes quod omnibus aliis praetermissis dictis die loco personaliter intersitis Nobiscum cum caeteris de Consilio nostro super praemissis tractaturi Vestrumque consilium impensur Et hoc nullatenus omittatis T. ut supra â—p Eodem modo scribitur subscriptis viz. 16. Lay-men more Claus. 5. E. 2. d. 17. The Kings Counsill Clerks and Judges are thus entred in the eodem modo scribitur subscriptis after the Earles and Lords with a lines space between them and this distinction made between them in the margin of the Roll. Iohanni de Sandale Iohanni de Merkingfeld Waltero de Norwico Iohanni Abell Magistro Ricardo de Abyndon Magistro Iohan. de Everdon Magistr Roberto de Pickering Magistro Iohanni de Nassington senior Rogero Brabazon Willielmo de Bereford Gilberto de Roubury Stephano de Malo Lacu Waltero de Thorp Magistro Tho. de Cobham Magistro Golberto de Middleton Magistro Tho. de Loggore Willielmo de Goldington Iohan. de Chaynell Roberto de Cliderhow Iohan. de Foxle Roberto de Reâ—ford Willielmo de Ormesby Henrico de Stourton Henr. le Scroop Iohan. de Benstede Iohan. de Insula Lamberto de Trikingham Iohan. de Miâ—ford Henr. de Guldeford Iohan. de Doncastr Willielmo Inge Henr. Spigurnel In Claus. 6. E. 2. d. 31. There is such a Writ to Roger le Brabazon as the fore rehearsed with Vobiscum caeteris de Consilio nostro c. twice repeated in it and an eodem mâ—do mandatum est to 42
only Basis whereon Parliaments are founded by which they are supported directed as well as convened and by my usefull Observations on them more compleatly to supply the 5. deâ—ect than any of the former so farr as my present leisure and ability will extend without supplies from others wherein I have with no little pains and diligence given you a most exact and faithfull Account of all the Writs of Summons to Parliaments Great Councils and most Convocations in England extant in the Clause Rolls and Records of the Tower from the 5. year of King Iohn till the 23. of Edward the 4th that I have hitherto met with upon my best search after them digested into several Sections in a Chronological method with usefull Observations on them Wherein you have a compendious yet full and satisfactory Account of all the several Forms and Varieties of writs of Summons during all this tract of time issued to Archbishops Bishops Abbots Priors Masters of Religious Orders and all Spiritual Lords to the Prince of Wales Forein Kings Dukes Earls Marquesses Vicounts Barons Temporal Lords and Great men to the Kings Counsil Judges and other Assistants to the House of Lords the Sheriffs of Counties and particular Corporations made Counties for electing Knights Citizens and Burgesses to serve in Parliament and to the Constable of Dover Castle Warden of the Cinque-ports and Ports themselves for electing Barons of those Ports with the particular Rolls membranaes dorses wherein every of these summons are recorded Together with a general Account in gross summâ— how many Bishops Abbots Priors Earls Barons Great men and Assistants of the Kings Counsil were summoned to every of these Parliaments and Great Councils 4 most usefull acurate short Alphabetical Chronological â—ables inserted into my Observations on the 3. first Sections of these Different writs 1. Of the Names of all the Abbots Priors Masters of Religious Orders and other Clergymen except Bishops summoned to any Parliament or Great Council from 49 H. 3. till 23 E. 4. with the years rolls dorses in each Kings reign wherein you shall find them summoned and how oft any of them were summoned and consequently when omitted out of the lists of summons 2ly Of the Names of all the Dukes Earls Marquesses and Princes of Wales 3ly Of all the Temporal Viscounts Lords Barons Peers and Great men 4ly Of all the Kings Counsil Judges Justices and other Great Officers summoned as Assistants to the Lords in every Parliament and Great Council held in England from 49 H. 3. to 23 E. 4. with the particular Roll year dorse in every Kings reign wherein you may find their names and summons entred and when and how oft any of them or their posterity were thus summoned Which Tables as they were very painfull and troublesom to me exactly to collect being inforced to transcribe most of them three times over before I could digest them into that form as here you find them consisting of very many figures which I examined near five times over to prevent mistakes in any of them so being thus compleated will be the most usefull and delightfull Kalender to all Antiquaries Heraulds Lawâ—ers Noblemen Gentlemen and others delighting in Antiquities or Pedegrees ever yet communicated to the English Nation rectifying all those mistakes in names supplying those manifold defects in my Table of this nature to the Exact Abridgement of the Records in the Tower If any Noblemen Lawyers Gentlemen or others would find out and know in a moment when or how often or in what Roll and dorse any of their Ancestors Family Name were summoned to any Parliament or Great Council or when or how often any Abbot or Prior whose lands they or their Clients now enjoy were summoned to Parliaments or of what Order they were these Tables compared with the printed Lists before them will presently resolve them better than all the Tables and Kalendars to the Records in the Tower which are very defective and if they have cause to make use of the Records upon any occasion these Tables will punctually direct them both to the Number Roll and Dorse too wherein they are recorded without further search So as I may conclude them to be greatly beneficial as well to the Keepers of those Records as to all those who shall have future occasion to make use of them in any kind For the extraordinary writs of summons and others here published at large I dare averr that most of the Nobility Gentry Lawyers and Parliament men of the English Nation never so much as once saw or heard of most of them before this publication and those few Antiquaries Lawyers Gentlemen who have gottenauy transcripts and Collections of the writs of summons in the Tower shall meet with many memorable rare writs in this Abridgement which are totally omitted out of their Folio Volumes collected to their hands by others which I have here supplied by my own industry and likewise digested into method all those large Collâ—ctions of writs which I have yet seen being both defective confused fraught with a tedious repetition of those names of Abbots Priors Dukes Earls Lords Barons which I have contracted into four short Tables in an orderly method So as I may justly stile this Register Kalendar and Survey a rich Cabinet and Compendious Treasury of the chiefest and most precious Parliamentary Iewels Rarities Records ever yet presented to the world in print As for my Observations on and Collections from these writs I dare affirm without vain-glory they are for the most part such as were never yet known nor communicated to the world and will be of excellent use not only for the searching but understanding of Records and of the true constitution proceedings Privileges Affairs Ends of the Great Councils and Parliaments of England and duties of their respective Members wherein I have discovered refuted many oversights and mistakes in Sir Edward Cook and other pretended Antiquaries who have written of our English Parliaments and given clearer evidences of the original beginning use of the name Parliament in England of the Authority Power use of the Kings Counsil Iudges in Parliaments of the Kings general writs of Summons to Temporal as well as Spiritual persons who held not by Barony not making themselves nor their Successors nor posterities Lords or Barons and of sundry other materiall particulars relating to the Freedom Fulness Summons Affairs Proceedings of our Parliaments than any hitherto have done out of an unfeigned desire of communicating more knowledg to the present succeeding Generations touching our Parliaments and their affairs than former times have been publikely acquainted with that thereby I might restore our Parliaments to their primitive institution use splendor freedom Honor that so theâ— may be made medicinal Restoratives Blessing not Grievances or Diseases to our 〈◊〉 Church and State or Physicians of no value We read of a woman in the Gospel which had aâ— issue of bloud for 12 years and had suffâ—ed many thiâ—gs
to the Sheriffs hands I shall adde this memorable exposition of the Statute of Magna Charta c. 35. made by the King and greater part of the Bishops Earls and Barons of the Realm without the Commons touching the holding of Hundred Courts Wapentakes Court Leets omitted by Sir Edward Cook in his Commentary thereon which it better explains than his Annotations upon it Claus. 18. H. 3. m. 10. Rex Vic. Linc. salutem Quia audivimus quod tu Ballivi tui Ballivi aliorum qui Hundredum habent in Comitatu tuo non intelligitis qualiter Hundreda Wapentake teneri debeant in Com. tuo postquam concessimus omnibus de Regno nostro Libertates in cartis nostris quas indo fecimus dum fâ—imus infra aetatem Nos eandem Caâ—â—am nuper legi fecimus in praesentia Dom. CANIUAR ARCHIEP MAJORIS SANIORIS PARTIS OMNIUM EPISCOPORUM COMITUM ET BARONUM TO TIUS REGNI NOSTRI UT CORAM EIS ET PER EOS EXPONERETUR haec clausula contenta in Carta nostra de Libertatibus viz. Quod nullus Vicecomes vel Ballivus faciat Turnum suum per Hundredum nisi â—is in anno non nisi loco debito consueto viz. semel post Pascham iterum post festum sancti Michaelis Ita scilicet quod qui libet habeat â—ibertates suas quas habuit habere consuevit tempore H. Regis avi nostri vel quas postea perquisivit Unde à multis ibi dictum suit quod tâ—â—pore H. Regis avi nostri tam Hundreda et Wapentac quam curiâ—â— Magnatum Angliae solebant teneri de Quindena in Quindenam Et licet multum placeret communi utilitati totius regni indempnitati pauperum providere quia tamen illi duo Turnii plene non sufficient ad pacem regni nostri conservandam ad excessus tam divitibus quam pauperibus illatis corrigendos quae ad Hundredum pertinent De COMMVNI CONSILIO praedict Dom. CANTUAR OMNIUM praedict EPISCOPORUM COMITUM ET BARONUM ET ALIORUM ITA PROVISUM EST. Quod inter praedictos duos Turnos teneantur Hundredum Wapentakia etiam curiae Magnatum de Tribus septimanis in Tres septimanas ubi prius teneri solent de Quindena in Quindenam Ita tamen quod ad illa Hundred a VVapentakia Curias non fiat generalis summonitio siâ—ut ad Turnos praedictos set ad hujusmodi illa VVapentakia Curias convenient conquerentes adversarii sui illi qui sectas debent per quos teneantur placita fiant judicia nisi ita sit quod ad Hundreda illa VVapentakia fieri debeat Inquisitio de placitis Coronae sicut de morte hominis Thesauro invento hujusmodi ad quae inquirenda conveniant cum praedictis sectariis quatuor villatae proximae scilicet omnes de illis villis qui necessarii fuerint ad Inquisitiones illas faciendas Et ideo tibi praecipimus quod praedicta Hundreda VVapentakia Curias tam Nostras quam aliorum teneri facias de cetero secundum quod praedictum eâ—t de tribus sepeimanis in tres septimanas exceptis praedictis duobus Turnit qui de caetero teneantur secundum quod prius teneri solebant T. R. apud VVestm 11. Octobris I shall only adde this one Record more proving that matters concerning Truces were resolved by King H. 3. the Spiritual and Temporal Lords in Parliamentary Councils without any Knights Citizens or Burgesses Claus. 19. H. 3. m. 20. Rex Roberto de Langeton Archidiacono Cant. Abbati de sancta Radegunda saluteâ— Super sollicitudine diligentia laudabili simul laboribus sumptuosis quas circa negotium nostrum expediendum quod vobis injunximus apposuistis urrique vestrum copiosas referrimus gratiarum actiones vobis quidem magister S. praecipuas speciales utpote ei cujus fidelitatem prudentiam plurimum commendamus Sciatis autem quod CONGREGATIS apud VVestmon in octabis sancti Hillarii vener patribus G. Cantuar Archiepiscopo EPISCOPIS COMITIBUS ET ALIIS FIDELIBUS NOSTRIS to wit the Barons and Great men not Commons as the subsequent clause attests Post diligentem tractatum habitum CUM IPSIS DE NEGOTIO TREVGARVM inter Nos Regem Franciae aliis agendis nostris visum fuit iisdem fidelibus nostris quod nullo modo sine verecundia opprobrio nostris Insulam de Olerone 〈◊〉 potuimus Comiti Marchiae pro coÌ„sensu suo adhibendo ad treugas inter nos ineundas nec in co consilium Nobis praestare vel consentire voluerint Sic enim praeter verecundiam quam inde consequeremus ab omnibus quibus factum nostrum innotesceret teneremur et pro remissis et minus valentibus haberemur et etiam pessimum perniciosum exemplum aliis qui in casu consimili ad similia petenda per hoc moverentur Vnde si per dâ—centas libras annuas Treugis durantibus ad consensum Treugarum possitâ—idem Comes induci pro Insula praedicta sicut alias locutum suit bene placeret tam Nobis quam praedictis MAGNATIBVS NOSTRIS et ad hoc laborare velitis quia priori conditioni consentire non esset honestum vel expediens c. T. Rege apud Westm. 27. Januarii I shall trouble you with no more Presidents or Records of this nature by way of Preface to this first part of my Register Kalender and Survey of Parliamentary Writs In which I have presented you onely with the several Writs of Summons directed to the Spiritual and Temporal Lords and Kings Counsil their ordinary Assistants intermixed with some other Writs and several forms of Procurations in my Observations on them which relate wholly or principally to the House of Lords Convocations and Clergy amounting to a just vendible Volume The several forms varieties of Writs issued to Sheriffs of Counties Wardens or Officers of the Cinque-Ports Dukes of Lancaster their Lieutenants or Chancellors and Sheriffs of particular Boroughsâ—made â—made Counties within â—emselves for electing Knights Citizens Burgesses and Barons of the Ports peculiar to the House of Commons with all sorts of Writs for proroguing continuing adjourning Parliaments or superseding them after summons to them upon extraordinary occasions relating equally to both Houses of Parliament and their Members together with some special Writs of Summons to the Kings Prelates Nobles Barons Great Officers and others of the Realms Lands of Scotland and Ireland to appear in at or before the Parliaments Great Councils Kings or Privy Counsil in England concerning the affairs or defence of Scotland and Ireland onely as likewise to particular Merchants Masters of Ships Forresters Lawyers learned men of both Universities and other Persons upon special occasions to attend the Parliament King Counsil with my particular Observations on them which I at first intended to have published in this Piece I shall if God send health life oportunity and incouragement by a
Regem Edoem modo mandatum est Archiepisc. Eborum et Episcopis ac Comitibus et Magnatibus et aliis subscriptis DE CONSILIO REGIS existentibus mutatis mutandis there being only the names of 8. Bishops subscribed without any Abbots or Priors and 10 Earls 23 Lords and Barons 5. Justices and 3. others of the Kings Council but no writs at all for electing Knights Citizens or Burgesses So as this was no Summons to a Parliament but rather to a Privy Council or Consultation The 67. writ is extant in Claus. 11. E. 3. pars 1. m. 8. dorso Rex c. I. c. Archiep. Cantuar. Quia super quibusdam arduis et urgentissimis negotiis quae per solempnes Nuncios nostros quos ad partes transmarinas transmissimus Nobis jam sunt plenius intimata et quae Nos et statum regni nostri Coronaeque jura specialiter et intimis contingent vobiscum et cum aliis Praelatis Magnatibus et Proceribus ipsius regni nostri Westm. die Lunae prox post festum Sanctae Margaretae Virginis prox futur Colloquium habere volumus et tractatum Vobis in fide et dilectione c. mandamus quod cessante excusatione quacunque dictis die et loco personaliter intersitis Nobiscum et cum caeteris Praelatis Magnatibus et Proceribus praedictis super dictis negotris tractaturi vestrumque consilium impensuri Et hoc sicut Nos et honorem nostrum et tranquillitatem et salvationem regni Coronaeque nostrorum diligitis nullatenus omucatis Scientes quod propter arduitatem et magnitudinem negotiorum praedictorum absentiam vestram ad diem illum nequimus nec volumus aliqualiter excusare Teste Rege apud Staunford 21 die Iunii Per ipsum Regem Eodem modo mandatum est Episcopis Abbatibus et Prioribus subscriptis vâ—z 15 Bishops 25 Abbots 4 Priors the last of Sempyngham oft omitted before 10. Earls 38 Nobles and great men The 68. is this Notable writ in Claus. 11 E. 3. part 2. m. 40. dorso Rex c. I. Archiepisc. Cantuar. c. Cum de assensu Praelatorum Magnatum Procerum regni nostri ac aliorum de Consilio nostro ad partes transmarinas una cum nonâ—ullis Magnatibus et Proceribus et aliis Pidelibus nostris ex câ—rtis et legitimis causis infra breve Domino duce ordinavimus Nos transfretare et prae caeteris insideat Nobis cordi quod pax nostra in regno nostro in nostra absenâ—ia inviolabiliter observetur et idem regnum nostrum ab hostium incursibus tueatur Nos autem passagium nostrum praedictum ad dictas partes super custodia dicti regni nostri et conservatione pacis nostrae in codem regno dum sic absentes fuerâ—mus ct aliis arduis et urgentissimis negotiis tam Nos et Statum ejusdem regni altarumque terrarum nostrarum quam eundem transitum nostrum spcialiter contingentibus vobiscum et cum caeâ—eris Praelatis et Magnatibus ipsius regni apud Westm. die Veneris prox ante festum Sancti Michâ—elis prox futur habore volumus Colloquium et tractatum Et ideo vobis in fide et dilectione quibus nobis tenemini sirmiter injungendo mandamus quod pensatis tanta nostrorum et dictâ— regni negotiorum arduitate et periculis imminentibus absque excâ—satione qu â—cunque dictis die et loco personaliter inter sitis Nâ—biscum et cum caeteris Praelatis Magnatibus et Proceribus praedictis super dictis negotiis tractaâ—uri vestrumque consilium impensuri Et hoc sicut honorem nostrum ac salvationem et tranquillitatâ—m dicti regni nostri et Ecclesiae sanctae diligitis modis omnibus faciatis Ne quod absit per vestri absentiam expeditio negotiorum nostrorum praedictorum retardetur seu quomodolibet differetur Et praemunientes Priorem c. Teste Roge apud Westm. 18 die Augusti Per ipsum Regem Eodem modo mandatum est W. Arch. Eborum to 15. Bishops more Custod Spiritualitatis Episcopatus Cicestr sede vacante 29. Abbots and 3. Priors The 69. is the writ in the same Roll and membrana to summon a Convocation of the Clergy at Pauls Rex c. J. c. Archiepisc. Cantuar. c. Cum de assensu Praelatorum c. usque imparturi ut supra et tunc sic Et quia negotia praedicta salvationem et quictem regni nostri et Ecclesiae sanctae â—c universorum ac singulorum ipsius regni specialiter contingunt Vobis mandamus rogantes quod Episcopos Praelatos Clerum vestrae Provinciae apud Ecclesiam Sancti Pauli London in crastino S. Michaelis prox futur convocari fac Ita quod tam dicti Episcopi quam Decani et Priores Ecclesiarum Catâ—edralium Archidi aconi et Abbates exempti et non exempti quos expedire videritis personaliter et quodlibet Capitulorum praedictarum Ecclesiarum Cathedralium per unum et lerici cuâ—uslibet Dioc. per duos Procuratores sufficientem potestatem habentes apud dictam Ecclesiam Sancti Pauli in praedicto crastino Sancti Michaelis intersint ad tractandum et consulendum super praemissis una vobiscum et aliis per Nos tunc mittendis et ad consentiendum hiis quae tunc ibidem pro communi defensione et utilitate divina favente clementia contigerit ordinari Teste ut supra Per ipsum Regem Consimile Breve dirigitur W. Archiepiscopo Eborum Angliae Primati quod convocare fac Praelatos c. de Provincia sua apud Eâ—orum die Iovis prox post Octabis S. Michaelis prox futur Teste uâ— supra The 70. is this Notable writ in Claus. Anno 11 E. 3. pars 2. m 11. dorso Rex c. J. c. Archiep Cantuar. c. Quia tam super urgentissimis negotiis Nos et statum regni nostri ac aliarum terrarum nostrraum ac jura nostra et Coronae nostrae tangenâ—ibus quam etiam super expeditione quorundam altorum arduorum negotiorum quae venerabiles Patres Sanctae Romanae Ecclesiae Cardinales ad Nos jam in Angliam per Domiâ—um Summum Pontificem transmissi Nobis ex parte ejusdem Summi Pontificis et dictae sedis specialiter nunciarunt PARLIAMENTUM nostrum apud Westm. in crastino Purificationis beatae Mariae virginis prox futur tenere ac ibidem vobiscum et cum caeteris Praelatis c. Et hoc sicut Nos et honorem nostrum et tranquillitatem et quietem dictorum regni et terrarum diligitis nullatenus omittatis Praemunientes Priorem c. Scientes insuper quod tam propâ—er dictorum negotiorum arduitatem quam pro co quod nonnulla alia nostri et regni nostri negotia in diversis Parliamentis nostris ante haec tempora tentis propter absentiam Praelatorum et Magnatum ejusdem regni qui eisdem Parliamentis una cum aliis ipsius
of Summons to the Temporal Lords reserving my General Annotations and Observations concerning Parliamentary writs for the Close of the first Part of this Brief Register Kalendar and Survey when they have taken a full view of all the several kindes and varieties of Parliamentary writs of Summons whereon they must be grounded 1. That as the Spiritual Lords and Barons are mentioned in all Great Councils Parliaments Prologues and Acts of Parliament before the Temporal Lords and Barons So generally for the most part the writs of Summons directed to them are first entred recorded in the Dorse of the Clause Rolls before the writs to the Temporal Lords though now and then the writs to the Prince of Wales and some other Temporal Peers are first enrolled but yet very rarely 2. That when there was an Archbishop of Canterbury in being the first writ of Summons to or Prorogation of Parliaments entred in the Rolls is generally that which issued unto him as Primate of all England if within the Realm or to his 〈…〉 absence out of it But when there was no Archbishop of Canterbury living the first writ 〈…〉 in the Roâ—â—s issued to the Archbishop of 〈◊〉 as Primate of England yet now and then the first writ of Summons entred is directed to the Archbishop of York when both are living and the writ to the Gardian of the Spiritualties of Canterbury 〈…〉 of that See is someâ—imes first entred before the writ to the Archbishop of York Yea if the Archbishop of York was a Cardinal and Canterbury none ye 〈…〉 of Summons as appears by Clâ—â—s 25 H. 6. m. 16. 24 dorso and 29 H. 6. m. 〈…〉 â—orso and other Rolls 3. That when both Sees of Canterbury and York were void the first writ entred was directed to the Bishop of London as in 22 E. 3. where the Archbishop of Canterbury was elected and confirmed but not installed and York quite void and sometimes to some other Bishop without any certain method therein observed 4. That in Claus. 6 Iohannis the first writ of Summons extant there is only one single writ of Summons without the Bishops name to whom it was issued and in Claus. 26 H. 3. only one single writ of Summons to the Archbishop of York without mention of any writs to other Bishops which yet no doubt had writs of Summons as well as he though not entred as some clauses in the bodies of both these writs do intimate 5. That in the Summons of 49 H. 3. the first and only writ registred is directed to the Bishop of Durham and 18 Abbots and Priors are listed in the Eodem modo mandatum est before the Archbishop of York and other Bishops 6. That the writs directed to the Archbishops of Canterbury always stiled them Venerabili in Christo Patri eadem gratia Cantuariae Archiepiscopo totius Angliae Primati That the writs issued to the Archbishops of York ever use this stile Venerabili in Christo Patri eadem gratia Eborum Archiepiscopo Angliae Primati leaving out totius And the writs sent to all other Bishops run thus Venerabili in Christo Patri eadem gratia Episcopo c. But iâ— any Archbishop or Bishop were made a Cardinal then the stile was Cardinali et Archiepiscopo Eborum et Cardinali et Episcopo Wynton as in Claus. 25 H. 6. m. 16 24 dorso 29 H. 6. m. 21. dorso and other Clause Rolls of Hen. 6. when York and Winchester were both Cardinals and Winchester is still placed whiles a Cardinal next after York The writs to Abbots Priors Gardians of Spiritualties of Bishops and other Ecclesiastical persons usually run in this form Dilecto sibi in Christo Abbati Sancti Augustini c or Priori de Lewes c. which I have here omitted in their writs for the most part with an c. to avoid frequent Repetitions and pâ—olixity 7. That in the Eodem modo and Kalendar of the Bishops names to whom writs were directed the Archbishop of York is for the most part first named yet somtimes he and his Suffragans are listed after all the Bishops of the Province of Canterbury sometimes before them sometimes intermixed with them In the entring of the Bishops names there is no certain order or method observed for sometimes the Bishop of Durham is first named other times the Bishop of London elewhere the Bishop of Winchester sometimes the Bishop of Rochester otherwhiles Chichester Now and then all the Welsh Bishops are named together after all the rest of the Province of Canterbury yet in some Rolls they are named promiscuously intermixed with the English Prelates as the writs came first to the Registers hands and not according to the Antiquity of their Sees or consecrations for ought I can discern by comparing their entries Only it is observable that Anthony Beak Bishop of Durham a very wealthy Prelat procuring himself to be made Patriarch of Ierusalem by the Pope was summoned by the Title of A. Patriarch Ierusalem et Episc. Dunolm in the Summons of 1 2 13 of Edward 2. Here p. 15 16. and entred next after the Archbishop of York in the Rolls 8. That the Bishops for the most part are named in the Rolls and entred by themselves before the Abbots and Priors yet now and then but very rarely they are intermixed with the Abbots and Priors as in 49 H. 3. dors 11. 9. That all the Archbishops and Bishops were usually summoned to all our Parliaments but not to Councils of State and that in person if in England or alive But when any Archbishop or Bishop was absent in forein parts the King usually sent writs of Summons to their Vicars Generals and when their Bishopricks were void by their deaths or translations to another Bishoprick to the Guardians of their Spiritualties to supply their places 10. That when any Archbishop Bishop or Abbot was elected only before his confirmation or installment the writ of Summons issued to him by the name of I. Electo Cantuanae electo Hereford c. If elected and confirmed but not installed then Electo Cantuariae or Hereford confirmato By which it is evident that Archbishops Bishops and Abbots only elected or elected or confirmed might be and were usually summoned to 〈…〉 likewise in their absence beyond the Seas Yea in 2 E. 2. dors 14. There is a writ issued R. Electo Dublin Episcopo in the Eodem modo registred amongst the Bishops of England next after the Patriarch of Ierusalem and Bishop of Durham 12. That the chief reason why sometimes there are more Bishops summoned to one Parliament than another is only the vacation of their Sees by their deaths or translations what the number of them was summoned to each Parliament I have mentioned in the grosse where I find them entred in the Rolle at large to avoid the repetition of their names which those who please may peruse in the rolls themselves 1â— That the first writs
to the Archbishops of Canterbury York or any other Bishop in the Clause Rolls be they writs either of Summons to a Parliament Council or Convocation or of Adjournment or Prorogation are usually entred at large which I have abbreviated with an c. where the form and clauses are the same with those I transcribe at large And the writs which follow the first issued to the rest of the Bishops are but briefly entred for the most part with an Eodem modo mandatum est subscriptis or Consimiles Literae or Consimilia Brâ—via diriguntur subscriptis viz. c. unless it be where there are different Clauses in some of the writs varying from those to the first Bishops which Clauses recited at large I have here printed when they occurre in the Rolls 13. That the writs of Summons to Parliaments directed to the Archbishops and Bishops are of various forms differing very often one from the other not only in their recitals of the particular causes of summoning them but in sundry special and unusual clauses as I have touched in the recital of them and shall more largely insist on in my General Obsâ—rvations in the close of this Part of my Register That the writs of Summons to Councils and Convocations issued to the Archbishops and Bishops are usually different one from another not only in form and specialâ— Clauses but likewise from the writs of Summons to Parliaments unless where the word Concilium is used for a Parliament There being no Praemuniâ—ntes c. in any writs of Summons to Councils of State but only to Parliaments and that not alwayes but aâ— the Kings pleasure and no general Summons of all the Archbishops Bishops Abbots and Priors holding by Barony to all Councils of State but only of such and so many of them as the King and his Counsil thought meet when as they were usually all summoned to Parliaments 14. That the writs of Summons to Convocations of the Clergy were directed only to the two Archbishops or their Vicars Generals to summon all the Bishops Abbots Priors and Clergy of their respective Provinces to them not alwayes on a certain day or place as in writs for Parliaments and Great Councils but at such time or place as they deemed most convenient without any particular writs at all issued to any other Bishops Abbots Priors or Clergy men as in Summons to Parliaments and Great Councils where though they had all particular writs of Summons yet the King oft times issued special writs to the two Archbishops to summon all the Bishops Abbots Priors and Clergy within the several Diocesses of their Provinces to appear at the Parliaments Councils and Convocations to prevent all negligence defects or faylers in their Summonâ— and excuses for not appearing whereby the affairs of the King and kigdom might be prejudiced 15. That â—he number of Abbots and Priors summoned to our Parliaments was somtimes more somtimes less as I have briefly touched relating their number in the grosse for brevity sake where I find them particularly mentioned in the Rolls The names of those Abbots and Priorr who were ordinarily or extraordinarily summoned to Parliaments and Parliamentary Councils with the reasons of this incertainty in their numbers by subsequent exemptions because they held no Lands by Barony or Knights service from the King but only in Frankalmoigne or by act of special grace or through vacancy by death or otherwise those who please may read at large in Mr. Seldens Titles of Honor Book 2. ch 5. Sect. 22 23 25. p. 732. to 735. and more particularly in the ensuing Alphabetical Table of their names and Summons I shall here only present the Readers with 3. Kalendars of their names out of the Clause Rolls as I finde them there recorded The 1. List is that in the Clause Roll of 49 H. 3. m. 11 dorso in Cedula where the writ at large being directed to R. c. Episcopo Dunolm c. as it is here transcribed p. 5 6. immediately after the writ this Catalogue of the Bishops Abbots Priors and Deans names summoned to it follows in this form Eodem modo mandatum est Episcopo Karliol Abbati Sanctae Mariae Eborum Priori Dunolm Priori Sanctae Trinitatis Eborum Abbati de Seleby Abbati de Furness Abbati de Fontibus Abbati de Royvall Abbati de Melsa Archiepiscopo Eborum Priori de Parco Abbati de Rupâ— Abbati de Bella Lauda Priori de Bridlington Priori S. Oswaldi Abbati de Rufford Priori de Blida Priori de Thurgarton Priori Karliol Abbati de Wyteby Priori de Giseborne Decano Eborum Eodem modo mandatum est subscriptis Episcopo London Episcopo Wynton Episcopo Exon. Episcopo Wygorn Episcopo Lincoln Decano Exon. Decano de Well Episcopo Elien Episcopo Sarum Episcopo Coventr et Litchf Episcopo Cicâ—str Electâ— Bath et Wellen. Decano Sâ—rum Decano Lincoln In forma praedict a scribitur Abbatibus Prioribus subscriptis sub hac data Teste Rege apud Wodest XXIIII die Decembr Abbati Sancti Edmundi Abbati de Wautham Abbati de Sancto Albano Abbati de Glaston Abbati de Rading Abbati de Cirencestr Priori de Merton Abbati de Oseney Priori Sanctae Fresewid Oxon. Abbati de Missenden Abbati de Waverle Priori Elien Priori Norwicen Abbati Cestr. Abbati Salop. Abbati de Hulmo Abbati de Bardene Priori de Lenton Abbati de Bello Priori Ordinis de Sempliâ—gham Priori de Watton Electo de Evesham Abbati Westm. Priori Hospitalis Sancti Iohannis Ierusalem in Anglia Magistro Militis Templi in Anglia Abbati de Ramesey Abbati de Burgo Abbati de Thorn Abbati de Crouland Abbati Colecestr Priori de Dunstaple Abbati de Bello loco Abbati de Parco Lude Abbati de Stanlegh Abbati de Lilleshull Abbati de Buttlesden Priori de Betuveâ—r Priori de Lews Abbati de Clervaus Priori de Stodley Abbati S. Augustin Cantuar Abbati de Cercesey Priori Sanctae Trinitatis Cantuar. Abbati de Hida Winton Abbati de Middleton Abbati de Cerne Abbati de Abbotisbury Abbati de Tavistocks Priori de Huntingdon Abbati de Sulebey Abbati S. Augustini Bristol Abbati de Malmesbery Abbati de Milchene Abbati de Abingdon Abbati S. Petri Gloucestr Abbati de Persour Abbati de Winchecombe Priori de Coventr Abbati de O elveston Abbati de Teukesbury Priori de Swinesheued Priori de S. Neoto Abbati de Wardon Abbati Sancti Iacobi Northampt Abbati de Leicestr Abbati de Kirkested Priori de Eton. Priori de Cruceroys Abbati de Kirkestall Abbati de Tame Abbati de Bermundesy Priori de Barnewell Abbati de Meryvall Priori Sancti Swithin Winton Abbati de Lesenes Priori de Ledes Priori de Lauda Priori de Spalding Priori Sancti Barthol London Priori de Kenelworth Priori de Nuttell Abbati de Vâ—lle Dei. Abbati de Croxton Here you see 36 Priors inâ—ermixed promiscuously with 65 Abbots one of them only Abbot Elect but not installed the Bishops
and Deans inâ—erposed between them most of which Priors and some of which Abbots were never after summoned to any other Parliaments nor yet these Deans in this manner The 2. is that of Clause 23 E. 1. m. 4. dorso and 24 E. 1. m. 7. dorso where the Abbots and Priors summoned to those 2. Parliaments are thus registred and distinguished by their several Orders in both these rolls alike and in no Summons else besides these though they are again all summoned and entred almost in this Order in Clauâ—e 28 E. 1. dors 17. and 3. and some Rolls in E. 2. Abbati de S. Edmundo Abbati de Waltham Abbati de Alnewik Abbati de Egleston Abbati de Sta. Agatha Abbati de Barlinge Abbati de Tupholme Abbati de Byley Abbati de la Dale Abbati de Newhus Abbati de Cokirsand Abbati de Croxton Abbati de Kirkested Abbati de S. Radegunda Abbati de Heppe Abbati de Furâ—eyes Abbati de Sallaye Abbati de Holmecoltram Abbati de Novo Monasterio Abbati de Iornall or Iereval Abbati de Fontibus Abbati de Bella Lauda Abbati de Melsa Abbati de Kirkestede Abbati de Rupe Abbati de Rughford Abbati de Valle Dei Abbati de Gerndon Abbati de Stanley in Ardern Abbati de Pippewell Abbati de Combe Abbati de S. Albano Abbati de Evesham Abbati de Tichefeld Abbati de Suleye Abbati de Lavendox Abbati de Torre Abbati de Wellebecks Abbati de Hales Abbati de Bello capite Magistro Militiae Templi in Anglia Priori Hospitalis Ioh. Ierus in Anglia Magistro Ordinis de Semplingham Abbati de Blanca Lauda Abbati de Basingwerk Abbati de Cumbermere Abbati de Crokesdenâ— Abbati de Valle Regali Abbati de Deulacresse Abbati de Mira Valle. Abbati de Stanlawe Abbati de Byldewas Abbati de Stanle in Wiltes Abbati de Swynesheued Abbati de Wardon Abbati de Boxle Abbati de Stratford Abbati de Tyletye Abbati de Binedon Abbati de Quarrera Abbati de Leteley Abbati de Dunkeswell Abbati de Bellâ— locâ— Regis Abbati de Strata florida Abbati de Flaxele Abbati de Tâ—ntâ—rnâ— Abbati de Kingâ—swode Abbati de Waverle Abbati de Revesbye Abbati de Parco Lude 16. That in the writs of Summons to Abbots and Priors the writs are very seldom recited at large to any of them unless in 27 E. 1. d. 9. and towards the latter end of the reign of King Edward the 3. where some writs to the first Abbot named in the lists of Summons are entred at large the rest only recited with an c. or not mentioned at all but only thus Eodem modo mandatum est c. or Consimiles Literae or Consimilia Brevia diriguntur Abbatibus et Prioribus subscriptis entred in the Roll with a Catalogue of their names subscribed under it 17. In antient times the first writ that is entred for the most part issued to the Abbot of S. Augustines in Canterbury in which Rolls there is no certain order observed in the Abbots and Priors names and summons sometimes the Abbot of S. Albans now and then the Abbot of Glastonbury sometimes some other Abbots are first named in the List of Summons and one name frequently praeponed then postponed after another as the Register was pleased to enter them in the Rolls But from 1 H. 4. to the end of King Ed. 4. the first writ entred is Abbati de Burgo Sancti Petri. As for the Priors they are for the most part registred after the Abbots now and then but rarely before the Abbots and frequently intermixed with them sometimes one Prior is placed before another in some Summons which was named last in other Lists few Lists agreeing in the order of their names unlesse that of 23 E. 1. d. 4. and 24 E. 1. d. 7. which exactly accord in all things from which that of 28 E. 1. d. 3. 17. doth somwhat vary in the order though not in the number of their names 18. That the absence of the Archbishops Bishops or other Great men from and noâ— coming to Parliaments anâ— Great Councilâ— when summoned did many times hinder the proceâ—dings in them and causâ— them to be prorogued or adjourned to the publike prejudice yet upon particular necâ—ssary occâ—sions for the kingdomes defence and â—afety their personal presence was dispensed wiâ—h and their Summons superseded wiâ—nesse this memorable writ to the Bishop of Durham Claus. 6 E. 2. m. 12. dorso Rex Venerabili in Christo Patri R. eadem gratia Dunolm Epâ—sâ—opo salutâ—m Liâ—â—t nuper Vobis mandaverâ—mus quod omnâ—bus aliis praetermissis essetis ad Nos tertia Dominica Quadragesimae prox fuâ—ur apud Westm ibidens Nobiscum â—t cum Praelatis â—t Proceribus Regni nostri super diversis negotiis Nos et Statum ejusdâ—m Regni nostri tangentibus tractaturi vest umque consilium impensurâ— Pre securitate tamen Custodiae et majâ—râ— tuitione partâ—um vestrarum contrâ— Scotos inimicos â—t Rebeâ—les nostros vobis man damuâ— quod à partibus praedictis vos nuâ—â—atenus â—â—anfâ—ratis sed Procuratorem vestrum suffloâ—â—nter instructum addictos diem et locum mittatis ad consent â—nd hiâ—s quâ— tunâ— ibâ—dem per Nos â—t dictos Prâ—latos â—t Procâ—reâ—â—â—nâ—â—geris ordinari Teste Rege apud Westm 20 diâ— Feb. Eodem modo mandatum est Episcopo Karliol T. ut supra And this other observable writ of Supersedeas to the Bishops of Durham and Karliol with other Lords and Great men summoned to Parliâ—mâ—nt thus recorded in Claus. 12 R. 2. m. 42. dorso 〈…〉 〈…〉 〈…〉 Vobis mandamus quod propâ—â—r râ—sisteâ—tiam inimicorum nostrorum prâ—dictorum meliori et fortiori modâ— quo poteritis in propriis partibus vestris aut alibi ubi in hac parte meliusâ— videritis expedire expectetis mandato nostro non obstante Ita quod semper dilâ—ctis et fidelibus Henr. de Percy Comiti Northum Johanni ae Nevil de Raby quos ad supervidend et gubernand Marchias Scotiae assignavimus obedientes intendentes sitis et auxiliantes quotâ—â—ns et qâ—ando per ipsos seu â—orum alterum fueritis rationabiliter praemuniti Teste Rege apud Northampton 20 die Augusti Per ipsum Regem et Consilium Consimilia Brevia diriguntur subscriptis sub eadem data viz. Th. Episcopo Karliol Rogero de Clifford Johanni de Roos de Hamlake Rado Baroni de Graystock Philippo Darcy Henr. Fitz Hugh Willielmo de Dacre Consimilia Brevia diriguntur Henr. de Percy Comiti Northumb. Iohanni de Nevill de Raby excepto ultimo Clauso Ita semper Of which see more in my Observations on the next Section and here p. 51 52. 19. That some writs to particular Bishops varied in certain special clauses now and then from those issued to other Bishops at the self same time upon special occasions and in the form of the Praemunientes c. 20. That as there are some single writs of Summons to Bishops or Archbishops entred in
nostrumque deliberatum consensum et consâ—â—iium hiis quae mediante Domino ibidem contigerit utiliter ordinari una cum aliis impendendi Ulteriusque faciendi in praemissis et eà concernentibus quod juris fueriâ— et rationis Promittentes Nos ratum firmum et gratum sub Ypotheca reâ—um quos et ligare posâ—umus habituri quicquid dicti PROCURATORES NOSTRI VEL EORUM ALTER in praemissiâ— et ea contingentibus duxerint vel duxerit faciend In cujus rei â—estimonium â—igillum nostrum commune praesentibus est appensum Dat. in Domo nostro Capitulari Bathon 26. That it appears by the Clauses and contents of sundry Praemised Writs as likewise by the Protestations of the Clergy and their Distinct Aydes and Subsidies from the Temporalty granted in Parliaments to our Kings by dâ—â—â—erent Acts of Parliamenâ— exâ—ant in our Printed Statute Books as well as Parliament and Statâ—te Rolls that the King and Temporal Lords and Commons in Parliament could not legally impose any Aydes Subsidies or Taxes whatsoever on the Archbishops Bishops Abbots Priors Deans Chapâ—ers Archdeacons and inferiour Clergy oâ— England without their own special Grants and Consents in their Coâ—vocations it being contrary to the Great Charters of Henry the 1. King John and Henry the 3. Chap. 1. yea to the Freedom Rights Liberties of the Church confirmed by them and to all other Acts confirming Magna Charta and to a particular Act Rot. Parl. anno 8 H. 4. â— 36. exempting them from making Contributions with the Laity Therefore they cannot do it now upon the self same grounds they having as full as large an interest in their Rights freedoms Libeâ—ties and those Grand Charâ—ers Statutes confirming them as any of the Laity have in theirs Yet when they obstinately refused to grant King Edward the first a necessary Ayde for the defence of the Realm in two successive Parliaments one after the other against their allegiance and duty only because Pope Boniface by his Constitution had prohibited under pain of excommunication Ne Talliae vel Exactiones à Clero per seculares Principes quocunque modo exigentur vel eis solvantur de rebus Ecclesiae the King thereupon did put them out of his protection to redeem which many of the Clergy by themselves and many of them by Mediators gave the King the fifth part of their goods notwithstanding the Popes Inhibition which is thus related by Matthew Westminster Anno 1296. p. 407 408. Die Sancti Hillarii celebravit Archiepiscopus Concilium suum cum Coepiscopis suis Suffraganeis Londini in Ecclesia Sancti Pauli Quibus tractantibus per dies octo super postulatione regia non invenerunt iter rectum nec modum exclusivae sententiae si aliqui vel quaeâ—ito colore vel aliquo titulo quippiam contulissent etiam si plurimi clerici aulici curialeâ—que accessiâ—â—ent qui postulatis consilium dederanâ— favorem Quae omnia Regi per Episcopos aliósve nuncios funt relata Qui statim mutatus in crudelem perversa regali aequalitate in tyrannidem licentiatis suis famulis obviantium cleâ—icorum religiosorumque virorum quasi modo hostili equitaturas â—ibi arripere meliores prohibitis insuper placitatoribuâ— in lege sua peritis coram Baronibus de Scaccario seu ante quemvis â—lium Justiciarium secularem pro personis Ecclesiasticis allegare Ecclesiasticos ministros censuit sua pace inâ—ignos Mandavit etiam singulis ordinatis sponte offerre sibi suorum proventuum quintam partem aâ—t invitè cedere omnibus bonis suis. Huic mandato primitus obtemperaverunt quidam â—onsorati in curia regali praelati in cura verò animarum Pilati manifesti ut inducerent pari modo animos caeterorum Quo facto seisita sunt protinus per manus Vicecomitum omnia bona clericorum mobilia immobilia super laicum feodum inventa aâ—quâ— fisco regio titulata cum superabundanti molestia suis ablatis libertatibus qâ—as praedecessores reges Christianitatis conservatores Ecclesiis contulerant authores bonorum Et quod nequius est ferendum appreciabantur ipsorum facultates emptoribus quantocius expoâ—endae nec securi audebant clerici equitare nisi in majori conventu propter militum in clâ—ricos violentiam à rege licentia data Sed omniâ— bona Archiepiscopi mobilia immobiâ—ia capta sunt in manu regis Ipse quidem sustinuit patientè◠Igâ—â—ur Clero siâ—ut supradictum est passo in corpore pasâ—us est Rex in animo Hinc dolor et metus omnium Praelatorum Hiâ—â—mque in perplexitate maxima constituti sunt ut si quicquam concederent sententiam excommunicationis incurrerent ipso facto et si non darent non effugerent immisericordes manus ipsorum praedonum His madefacti adversitatibus pro se ipsis anxii pro grege sibi commisso incoâ—solabiliter moestificati tanquam non habente alimoniam ingruente fame necessario seculum reperere quaesierunt protectionem regis facultatibus suis ratiociâ—io magno redemptis Yet notwithstanding all the Clergy procured special Absolutions from this Poâ—e from that Excommunication they conceived they had incurred by this their Ayd granted to the King against his Constitution though done only through force and such fear as might happen even to a constant man as I observe by certain Instruments of Absolution remembred by none of our Historians but registred in the Leiger Book of the Priory of Bath out of which I have transcribed them as not unworthy publike knowledge Venerabili in Christo Patri Dei gratia Archiepâ—sâ—opo Cantuar. vel ejus Vicario in Spiritualibus Frater Gentilis miseratione divinâ— Ecclesiae Sancti Martini in Montibus Presbyter Cardinalis salutem et synceram in Domino caritatem Ex parte Johâ—nnis de Godmer perpetui Vicarii Ecclesiae de Chedâ—ern Bathon Wellen. Diocaes Nobis oblata petâ—tio continebat Quod ipse olim per vim metum qui cadere posset in constantem invitus Ministris seâ— Collectoribuâ— illustris Regis Angliae contra novae Constitutionts tenorem Sanctissimi Patris Domini Bonefacii divina providentia Papae 〈◊〉 Tallias sive Collec tas per solvit per quod sententiam Excommunicationis incurrit in tales generaliter promulgataem et sic ligatius non tamen in contemptum Clavium in suis Ordinibus ministravit et alias se ingressit divinis Super quibus supplicari feâ—it humiliter siâ—i de absolutionis beneficio et dispensationis gratia per sedem Apostolicam salubriter provideri Nos igitur auctoritate Domini Papae cujus Penitentiariae curam gerimus circumspectioni vestrae committimus quatenus si ita est ipsum Vicarium à dictae excommunicationis Sententia â—uxtae formam Ecclesiae absolvatis Proviso attentè quod idem Vicarius super hoc mandatis Domini Papae et Romanae Ecclesiae semper parebit et faciet illam poenitentiam quam sibi duxerit injungendâ—m eoque ad tempus prout
Semplingham and Sempringham sometimes written Prior 49 H. 3. 24 28 d. 3. 17. 30. d. 9. 32 E. 1. 6 7. d. 15. 27. 8 9 11 d. 8. 14. 12 d. 11. 29. 13 14 d. 5. 23. E. 2. 10. d. 1. 5. 11 d. 8. 11. 40. 12 13 d. 1. 28. 14 d. 23. 33. 15 E. 3. Stodley 49 H. 3. Spalding 49 H. 3. 2 4 5 6 7 d. 15. 27. 8 9 11 d. 8. 14. 12 d. 11. 29. 14 d. 5. 16 17 18 19 E. 2. 4 d. 19. 41. 5 d. 7. 25. 6 d. 4. 9. 19 36. 7 8 9 d. 2. 18. 10 d. 5. 11 d. 8. 11. 40. 12 13 d. 1. 28. 14 d. 23. 33. 15 E. 3. Switheâ—â— Winton 49 H. 3. 23 25 E. 1. 21 E. 3. Magister Militiae Templi in Anglia 49 H. 3. 23 24 27 28 d. 3. 17. 30. d. 9. 32 E. 1. 1 d. 19. E. 2. This Order of the Templars was dissolved under King Edward the 2. and their Lands â—scheated setled on the Hospitallers by the Statute of 17 E. 2. So that the Mr. of the Templars was never after summoned Thurgarton 49 H. 3. Trinity Cant. 49 H. 3. Trinity Ebor. 49 H. 3. Watton 49 H. 3. Wigorne 23 E. 1. The total of the Priors and Masters of Orders 41. Deans and other particular Clergy-men summoned Decan Ebor. Decan Sarum Decan Lincoln Decan Exon Decan de Well 49 H. 3. Magistro Gilberto Middleton Archid. Northamptonâ— Offic. Cur. Cantuar. Magistr Roberto de Sanct. Albano Decano de Arcubus London 18 E. 2. dors 5. Decano Wellen. 32 E. 3. dors 14. By this Alphabetical exact Table it is apparent 1. That the total Number of the Abbots at any times summoned to Parliaments and Great Councils of State by special Writs and Memorials entred in the Clause Rolls was 122. And the total summ of Priors and Masters of Religious Orders thus summoned 41. in all 163. besides the 5 Deans and the Official of the Court of Canterbury and Dean of the Arches 2. That of all this numerous multitude of Abbots Priors and Masters of Religious Orders thus summoned at several times upon particular reasons and occasions there were only 25 Abbots constantly summoned towards the latter end of King Edward the 3. his reign and the begâ—â—ning of Richard the 2d to the end of King Edward the 4th and the dissolution of Monasteries to wit the Abbots of Abingdon St. Albans St. Augustines Canterbury Bardeny de Bello de Burgo Sancti Petri Cirencester Colecester Croyland St. Edmonds Bury Evesham Glaston Gloucester Hida Hulmo Malmesbury St. Maries of York Rading Ramesy Salop Seleby Thorney Waltham Westminster and Winchecombe And two Priors only namely of Coventre and of the Hospitall of S. Iohn of Ierusalem in England 3. That 13. of these 122. Abbots and 27. of these Priors were summoned only but once 4. of these Abbots and 1. of these Priors but twice 3. of these Abbots and 3. Priors only thrice 6. Abbots and 2. Priors but 4. times 17. Abbots but 5. times others 6. 7. 8. 9. or 10. times summoned and no more then totally omitted out of the Summons ever after 4ly That some Abbots and Priors summoned to very many Parliaments and Great Councils were yet afterwards omitted out of the Summons and never called by writ unto them afterwards For instance the Abbots of St. Augustines Bristoll were summoned to 16. of Barlinges to 25. of Cumbe to 21. the Abbots of Croxton to 22. Dâ—â—ontibus to 25. Of â—urneyes to 23. Of Hales to 21. Of Melsa to 23. Of Mira Valle to 21. Of Osency to 39. Of Thornton to 43. the Master and Prior of the Order of Semplingham to 29. the Prior of Lews or Lewes to 61. and the Prior of Spalding to 41 Parliaments and Great Councils under Henry the 3. Edward 1. 2. or 3. and yet they were never summoned to any Parliaments after King Edward the 3. The Prior of St. Iames Northampton summoned once under Henry the 3d. being Summoned Ann. 12 E. 2. was upon his Petition prosecuted by his Proctor discharged from any future summons and lest out of the Rolls after 14 E. 2. because Non tenet de Rege per Baroniam nec 〈◊〉 Capite sed tantum in puram et perpetuam eleemosynam nec praedecessores sui unquam in Cancellaria iâ— rotulati fuerunt nisi ad stimulationem aliquorum malignorum possent alias pâ—r casum irrotulariâ— et per consequens citari as you may read at large in Mr. Sclden The Prior of Bridlington was summoned 9. times under Henry the 3. and Edward 2. and then in 14 Ed 2. there was this entry made in the Roll Nihil tenet de Rege and no future Summons issued to him afterwards The Abbot of Leicester was summoned to no less than 50 Parliaments and Great Councils under Henry 3. and Ed. 1 2 3. before 25 E. 3. yet after all these Summons there is this entry made upon his 51 summons Ann. 25 E. 3. Here p. 6. Abbas Leicestr cancellatur quia habet Cartam Regis quod non compellatur venira ad Parliamentum The Grounds of which discharge are thus expressed in the Charter of his exemption from future summons granted upon his Petition in Parliament Rex omnibus ad quos c. Salutem Supplicavit nobis dilectus nobis in Christo Abbas de Lecestria ut cum Abbatia sua praedicta per Robertum Fitz Robert de Mâ—kan dudum Comitem Leycestriae fundata fuisset in puram perpetuam elemosinam advocatio â—ive patronatus ejusdem ad manus Domini H. quondam Regis Angliae proavi nostri per forisfactum Simonis dâ— Montâ—â—orti tune Comitis Leycestriae paâ—â—oni ejusdem devenerir idemque Abbas aliqua terras seu tenementa de nobis per Baroniam seu alio modo non teneat per quod ad Parliamenta sen Consilia nostra venire teneatur nec aliquis Praedecessorum suorum ante quadragesimum nonum annum dicti proavi nostri post â—orisfacturam praedicti Simonis quo anno omnes Abbates et Priores Regni nostri Angliae ad Parliamentum ejusdem proavi nostri tune tentum voluntarie summoniti fuerunt summonitus extiterit velimus ipsum Abbarem de hujusmodi adventu ad Parliamentum factae exonerari Et quia visis cartis confirmationibus de â—erris tenementis eidem Abbatiae datis et concessis in Cancellariae nostrae irrot ulatis compertum est quod dicta Abbatia per praedictum Robert Fitz Robert de Mekan tunc Comitem Leycestriae fundata erat in puram et perpetuam Elemosinam et non invenitur in rotulis praedictis quod prae dictus Abbas aliqua â—erras seu tenementa de nobis tenet per Baroniam seu aliquo alio servitio nec quod Praedecessores sui Abbates loci praedicti ad aliqua Parliamenta progenitorum nostrorum ante praedictum quadragesimum nonum annum dicti proavi nostri aut postmodum continuâ— sed vicibus interpolaâ—is summoniti fuerint
Nolentes ipsum Abbatem indebirè sic vexari concessimus pro nobis et haeredibus nostris quod idem Abbas et successores sui de veniendo ad Parliamenta et Consilia nostra vel haeredum nostrorum de caetero quieti sint exonerati imperpetuum Ita semper quod dictus Abbas succeâ—â—ores sui in Procuratores ad hujusmodi Parliamenta Consilia per Clerum mittendos consentiant ut moris est expensis contribuant eorundem In cujus c. Teste Rege apud West monasterium XV. die Februar Per petitionem de Parliamento After which Patent and entry this Abbot being summoned again in the lists of 27. 29 E. 3. upon complaint thereof there was this Memorandum made in the Clause Roll of 29 E. 3. Cancellaâ—ur Abbas Leycestriae quia habâ—â— Cartam Regis quod Non Compellatur vâ—nirâ— ad Parliamâ—ntum The Abbot of Tavistock was summoned to 5 Parliaments and Parliamentary Councils under H. 3. Ed. 1. and Ed. 3. the last whereof was in 23 E. 3. but never after yet King Henry the 8. in the 5. year of his reign created Richard Banham Abbot of Tavistocke and his successors to be one of the Spiritual and Religious Lords of the Parliament of himself his heirs and successors yet withall pardoned their absence at any time from Parliament by reason of their great distance from it paying only the fine of 5. marks for every time they should be personally absent into the Kings Exchequer as this Patent manifests Henricus c. Sciatis quod certis considerationibuâ— nos specialitè◠moventibus oâ— specialem devotionem quam ad Beatam Virginem Mariam matrem Christi sanctumque Rumonum in quorum Honore Abbatia de Tavistocke quae de fundatione nobilium progenitorum nostroum quondam Regum Angliae nostro patronatu dedicata existir gerimus et habemus hinc est quod de gratia nostra speciali ac ex certa scientia mero motu nostris volumus candem Abbatiam sive Monasterium nostrum gaudere honore priuilegio ac liberratibus spiritualium Dominorum Parliamenti nostri Haeredum successorum nostrorum Ideo concessimus per praesentes concedimus pro nobis haeredibus successoribus nostris quantum in nobis est dilecto nobis in Christo Richardo Banhaâ— Abbati de Tavistocke praedicto successoribus suis ut eorum quilibet qui pro tempore ibidem fuerit Abbas sit et erit unus de spiritualibus Religiosis Dominis Parliamenti nostri Haeredum successorum nostrorum gaudendo honore privilegio ac libertatibus ejusdem Et insuper de uberiori gratia nostra aâ—â—â—ctando utilitatem dicti nostri Monasterii considerando ejus distantiam Ita quod si contingat aliquem Abbatem qui pro tempore fuerit fore vel esse absentem propter praedicti Monasterii utilitatem in non veniendo ad Parliamentum praedictum Haeredum vel successorum nostrum quam quidem absentiam eidem Abbati perdonamus per praesentes Ita tamen quod tune solveâ— pro hujusmodi abâ—entia cujuslibet Parliamenti integri in nostro Scaccario suum per Attornatum quinque Marcas nobis haeredibus sive succeâ—â—oribus nostris totiens quotiens hoâ— infuturum contigerit In cujus c. Teste c. Vicesimo terâ—io die Ianuarii c. Sir Edward Cooke in his 4. Institutes p. 45. affirms this Patent to be void in Law but upon such a poor reason as will made all Temporal Lords Barons Earles and Dukes Patents likewise void if they hold not by Barony and I conceive it to be good in Law upon consideration of the premises that our Kings did at their pleasure without any special Patents of Creation summon what Abbots and Priors they thought meet to their Parliaments and omitted discharged them at their pleasures as the premises plentifully manifest beyond contradiction 5. It is most demonstratively and experimentally evident by this Table That the Kings bare writs of summons of Abbots Priors Masters of Religious Orders Deans and other Clergymen not holding by Barony and their sitting in Parliaments and Great Councils and debating consulting advising with the King and the rest of the Abbots Priors Bishops Earls Lords and Barons of the Realm in Parliament according to the tenor of the writs of Summons issued to them all in the self-same form did neither really or actually ennoble either them nor their successors for then by Sir Edward Cooks own doctrine they ought ex debito justitiae to have been summoned constantly during life and their Successors after them when they had been called by writ actually sate in one two much more if in three or four Parliaments when most of them who were summoned sate only in 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 or 8. Parliaments and no more and neither they nor their Successors were ever after summoned yea some of â—hem after above 20 30 40 50 and 60. summons to and Sessions in Parliaments under several Kings have been afterwards discharged or left out of the writs of Summons as no Barons nor Peers of the Realm because they held not by Barony of the King Therefore their writs of Summons and Session did only make them but momentany and quasi temporary Peers or Spiritual Lords pro hac vice only when and whiles they were summoned to and sate in any particular Parliament or great Coâ—ncil amongst the rest of the Prelates and Lords not after they were dissolved when both their temporaâ—ie Peâ—â—â—ge and Lordships if their writâ— and Sessionâ— made them Lords or Peerâ— pro tempore expired with the Parliaments And by the self-same ground reason the Kings summons of any Knights Esquires or other Laymen to Parliament by a general wriâ—â— who held not by Barony without any special Clause creating them Barons by writs or Parents and their actual sitting in Parliament can neither ennoble themselves nor make them Lords Barons or Peers of the Realm for life much lesse their heirs males in fee or for perpetâ—ity after their deceases but onely make them quasi Peers or Great men or rather Assistants to and joynt Coâ—nsellors with the Lords in Parliament pro tempore so long as the Parliaments to which they are summoned and in which they sit continue but no longer as I have elsewherâ— proved and shall further demonstratively evidence in the next Section against Sir Edward Cookes and others mistakes therein 8. That our Kings by their Prerogative and royall Authority alone did upon all extraordinary occasions summon what Abbots Priors Religious and Ecclesiastical persons they thought meet in the self same manner and by the self same forms of writs as they summoned the Bishops Abbots Peers and other Lords who were actual Peers and Barons of the Realm in greater or smaller numbers as they and their Council thought meeâ—est who sate consulted advised in Parliament together with the King and the rest of the Lords which royal Prerogative and Jurisdiction was never questioned
oppugned complained or voted against in any antient Parliaments to my knowledge which being our Kings Parliaments yea the Grand Councils both of the King and kingdom as the writs of Summons and all Prologues and Acts of Parliament stile them they might thereupon lawfully summon to them what persons they deemed most fit and able to advise assist them and to promote dispatch their publike affairs for their own and the kingdomes benefit safety defence and common welfare though no actual Peers Lords or Barons of the Realm by Patent or Tenure as will more fully appear by the two next Sections 7. This Table doth undeniably convince the forecited Memorandum p. 34. entred in Cl. 6 E. 3. m. 36. Istis Abbatibus et Prioribus subscriptis non solebat scribi in aliis Parliamentis viz. Abbati de Teukesbury with 26 Abbots and Priors there named to be full of gross mistakes For I find the Abbot of St. Augustines Bristol summoned no less than 5. times before and 11. times after 6 E. 3. and the Abbot of Bardenay no less than 33. times sommoned before and 80. times after it being one of the Abbots constantly summoned till the 23 E. 4. and dissolution of Monasteries the Abbot of Barlinges 25. times before it the Abbot de Bello 30. times before and 70. after it being one of the 25 Abbots constantly summoned as a Baron the Abbot of Burton upon Trent 12 times the Prior of Bridlington 8. times the Prior of Chester 4. times the Abbot de Fontibus 26. the Abbot of Furneyes 23. times the Abbot of Gerveux Gervall or Iorvall 13. times the Prior of Gisâ—urn thrice the Abbot of Hayles 21 times the Abbot of Lâ—â—â—â—nes twice the Abbot of St. Ositha 12. timeâ— the Abbot of Perâ—hore 11. times the Abbot of Ryevall 14. times the Master and Prior of the Order of Sempingham 29. times the Abbot of Stratford 12. times all of them before 6 E. 3. the Abbot of Tavistock thrice before and twice after iâ— the Abbot of Thamâ— once the Abbot of Teukesbury 5. times and the Abbot of Wardon 4. times before it Only to the Abbots of Boghland Langedon and Wâ—alley therein mentioned I finde no writs of Summons in any Rolls unless Boghland be meant of Bocland as I conceive it is who was twice summoned and Langedon for Lavedon who was 5. times and Whalley for Wave ley who was 9. times summoned by writ before this Memorandum entred by some ignorant Clerk who had not well examined the former Clause rolâ—s and lists of Summons 8. That the Bishops Abbots and Priors summoned constantly and of right to our Parliaments and Great Councils by writ were thus summoned to them not as they were Bishops Abbots or Priors but in respect of their Baronies which they held of by from and under our Kings as is evident by the Recognition made in the Great Parliamentary Council at Clarindon Ann. 1164. by Petrus Blesensis his Treatise De Institutione Episcopâ— dedicated to King Henry the 2d by the Judgement given against Thomas Becket Archbishop of Canterbury in a Council at Northamâ—ton Anno 1165. 11 H. 2. recorded by William Fitz-Stephens by the Great Charter of King Iohn Anno 1215. 15 Iohanis by that of Matthew Paris Anno 1231. Septimo Calendas Februarii convenerunt ad Colloquium apud Westmonasterium Rex cum Praelatis et aliis Magnatibus ubi exegit idem Rex Scutagium de quolibet Scuto tres marcas ab omnibus qui Baronâ—as tenebant tam Laicis quam Praelatis â—ui Richardus Canâ—uariensis Archiepiâ—copus et quidam Episcopi cum eo audâ—cter resistentes dixerunt Quod non tenentur viri Ecclesiastici judicio subjici Laicorum cum absque 〈◊〉 concessum â—uit Scutagium in finibus â—ransmâ—â—inis Tandem â—etâ— post mustas inde disceptationes negotium quanâ—â—m ad Praelatos reclamantes pertinebat usque 15. dies post Pascha dilationem acâ—â—pit And by this notible passage of the Continuer of Matthew Paris Anno 1267. 51 H. 3. Rex citati fâ—cit Comites et Barones Archiepiscopos Episcopos et Abbates omnesque communiter militare servitium sibi debenter ut apud Sanctum Edmundum equis et aâ—mis sufficienter instructi convenirent ad impeâ—endum â—os qui contra pacem Regiam occupaverunt Insâ—lâ—m Eljensem c. Abadunaâ—is qui ad Parliamentum citati suerant praeter rebelles primo principaliter Rex et Legarus subscriptos Articulos exigebant Ut omnes Praelati rectores Ecclesiarum decimas sibi concederent de tribus annis sequentibus de anno prâ—ximo praeâ—eâ—ito quantum dabunt Baronibus ad custodiendum mare contra alienigenaâ— Responsio Ad hoc responderunt quod bellum inceptum fuerat per iniquam cupiditatem durat in praesens necessarium esset hujusmodi petitiones pessimas praeterire de pace regni tractare et Parliamentum suum ad utilitatem Ecclesiae et regni convertere non ad denatiorum extorsionem praecipue quum terra in tantum destructa sit per bellum quod nunquam vel saltem sero poterit respirate Secunduâ— Item petitum est ut Ecclesiae taxarentur per manus Laicorum justa et alta taxatione ad valorem omnium bonorum spectantium ad easdem Responsio Ad hoc respondebatur quod non est ratio sed omnino contra justiciam ut Laici de decimis colligendis se intromittant nec in hoc unquam consentirent communiter sed tantum ut taxaâ—io antiqua staret Tertius Item ut Episcopi Abbates c. decimam suam darent DE BARONIIS SUIS plenarie et de Laico feudo recta alta taxatione Responsio Ad hoc respondebatur quod depraedationibus sunt depauperati et sequuti sunt Regem in expeditione tanta pecuniarum effusione quod omnino pauperes sunt effecti eâ— etiam â—errae eorum incultae â—acâ—bant propter bellum Quartus Item petirum est ut Clerus communiter daret domino Regi ad relevandum staâ—um suum triginta millia marcarum propter ante dictas decimas quas quidem Legat us vendicabat ad opus Romanae curiae propter debita Siciliae Apuliae et Calabriae contracta in nomine domini Edmundi filii Regis modo praesentis Responsio Ad hoc respondebatur quod â—ihil darent quia omnes hujusmodi taxationes extorsiones per Regem factae prius nunquam in Regis utilitatem vel regni sunt conversae Quiutus Item petitum est ut omnes Clerici TENENTES BARONIAS vel Laicum feudum personaliter armati procederent contra regios adversarios vel tantum servirium in expeditione Regis invenirent quantum pertineret ad tantam terram vel tenementum Responsio Ad hoc respondebatur quod non debent pugnare cum gladio materiali sed spitiâ—uali scilicet cum lachrymis orationibus humilibus devotis Et quod propter beneficia sua
Archbishoprick of York wherewith I shall close up this Section and my Observations on it Claus. 9 E. 2. m. 17. Rex venerabilâ— in Christo Patri W. eadem gratia Archiepiscopo Cantuar. c. salutem Pro firmo credimus et tenemus quod ad ea quae regni nostri salva ionem et â—opulâ— Nobis commissi tranquillitatem et quietem respiâ—iunt cum Dei adjutorio feliciter promovenda mauus velitis extendere liberalitâ—r adjuvantes Quidam itaque Praelati et alii de Clero Provinciae vestre convocaâ—i quos ad interessendum Parliamento nostro apud Lincoln fâ—â—imus summoneri ibidem ex parte nostra super Subsidio nobis pro guerra nostra Scotiae faâ—â—â—nda requisiti ad urgentem necessitatem in hac parte inevitabile periculum quod tam Ecclesiae Anglicanae quam Nobis et toti poputo nostro ex Scotorum inimicorum et rebellium nostrorum qui pluries Râ—gnum nostrum hostiliter sunt ingressi depraedationes inoâ—ndia homicidia at alla dampna quamplunima intulâ—runt perpetrando obstinat a malitia potâ—rit imminere nisi â—orum nequitiae citius et potenâ—â—cus cum Dei adjutorio resistatur suae considerationis intuitum dirigentes ad Subsidium Nobis ex causa praedictâ—s faciendum quatenus voâ—is absentibus cui subsuâ— â—t in quorundam aliorum tam Praelatorum quam Religiosorum et caeterorum de Clero dictae Provinciae absentia potuerunt unanimiter consenserunt Ita tamen quod tam ipsi quam alii de Clero vestrae Provinciae qui in dicto Parliamento praâ—entes non fuerunt coram vobis ad tractandum et consentiendum vestra auctoritate interveniente de certo Subsidio Nobis ut praemittitur faciendo in loco debito convocentur Vestram igâ—â—ur Paternitatem reverendam de qua fiduciam gerimus plâ—niâ—rem requirimus et rogamus quatinus omnes Pralatos tam Religiosos quam alios caterosque de Clero Provinciae vestrae supradictae quod sint coram Vobis apud Londâ—n die Mâ—rcurii prox post Quindenam Pasch. prox futur ad ultimum ad tractand in vestra praesentia et una vobiscum consentiend super Subsidio memorato convocari faciatis 〈…〉 Subsidio nomine nostro audiendam it nobis post moduÌ„ reportandam Teste Rege apud Lincoln 17 die Febr. Eodem modo mandatum est Custodi Spiritualitatis Archiepiscopatus Eborum sede vacante mutatis competenter mutandis excepto quod Clerum Eborae Provinciae venir◠〈◊〉 〈◊〉 ipso apud Eborum à diâ— Paschae in unâ—m mensem c. Teste ut supra What ever else concerns the Prelates Abbots Priors Convocation and Clâ—ry is reserved for its proper placâ— in subsequent Sections SECTION II. Of the several writs of Summons to Parliaments and Great Councils directed to the Temporal Lords as The King of Castel the Prince of Wales Dukes Marquesses Earls Viscounts Lords Barons and other Great men of the Lords House whereof there are several forms and varieties with Observations on them SOme pretended Antiquaries not well versed in our Records in their late printed Discourses of The Antiquity of the Parliaments of England p. 22. 24. 88. 89. meeting with a Transcript of ancient writs issued to Earls Barons and Great men holding lands of the King by Knight service to repair to him at a certain time and place cum equis et armis for his defence against Enemies or Rebels in times of warrs insurrection or danger have injudiciously conceived these writs to be Writs of Summons to Parliaments or confounded them promiscuously with them affirming That they find these writs recorded AMONG THE PARLIAMENT ROLLS of 14. or 15. E. 3. and therefore thought good to remember them When as there are â—o such writs extant in any Parliament Rolls in the Tower nor any Writs of Summons to Parliaments or Great Councils entred in our Parliament Rolls as they ignorantly publish but only in the Dorse of the Clause Rolls quite different and distinct from the Rolls of our Parliaments as the meanest Novice in Records can ascertain them Upon the like mistake some have conceited these ensuing writs of Claus. 45 47 H. 3. to be writs of Summons to Parliaments and Great Councils when as the writs themselves declare the contrary that they were only Summons to assist the King against Enemies and Rebells with horses and arms and all their power not to counsel advise or grant any aydes of money to him in Parliament Rex Willielmo de Bello Campo de Aumel salutem Mandamus Vobis in fide et homagio quibus Nobis tenemini firmiter injungentes quod omnibus aliis praetermissis ad Nos sitis London in craftino Apostolorum Simonis et Iudae absque dilatione ulteriori CUM EQUIS ET ARMIS ET CUM POSSE VESTRO tam de servitio vestro Nobis dâ—bito quam de subventione amicorum vestrorum pro quibusdam urgentibus â—â—egotiis personam nostram specialiter et Statum Coronae nostrae tangentibus Et hoc sicut de vestra fidâ—litate et dilectione confidentiam gerimus specialeâ—â—ullatenus omittatis Quia SUBVENTIONEM quâ—m Nobis et Coronae nostrae praeter servicium Nobis debitum ad praesens feceritis in consequentiam trahi nolumus nec vobis per hoc ullo tempore derogari Taliter vos habeatis in hac parte quod dicto die absque defalta ad Nos sitis ita quod vobis exinde in perpetuo teneamus ad grates Teste Rege apud Turrim London 18 die Octobris Eodem modo mandatum est Phil Basset and 107. Barons and great men holding by knights service there registred by name After which this writ ensues in the same Dorse Rex Abbati de Burgo Sancti Petri salutem Mandamus vobis in fide et dilectione quibus Nobis tenemini firmiter injungentes quod omnibus aliis praetermissis mittaris Nobis Servitium vestrum quod Nobis debetis ita quod sitis ad Nos in crastino Sancti Martini absque defalto pro quibusdam urgentibus negotiis personam nostram specialiter et statum regni nostri tangentibus Et hoc sub debito fidelitatis qua Nobis â—enemini nullatenus omittatis Teste ut supra Eodem modo mandatum est to 36 Abbots more whose names are there listed in the Roll Then follows this entry Isti subscripti vocati sunt ad crastinum Apostolorum Simonis Iudae CUM EQUIS ET ARMIS Thomas de Chauro with 16. more there named after him Mandatnm est Vicecomiti Essex quod summoneri faciat omnes illos de Honoribus de Redleg et Castro Baynard et de Hundredo de Rochford quod veniant ad Regem ad â—undem diem cum servicio suo Regi debito The like writs issued to divers others in this and other Membranaâ—s of this Roll of 45 H. 3. to ayde the King against the Barons then in rebellion against him and reduce them to their obedience as is evident by this writ
35 Lordâ— and Great men Cl. 38 H. 6. d. 30. Henrico Duci Exoniae 2 other Dukes 9 Earls 2 Vicounts 35 Lords and Great men Cl. 49 H. 6. d. 6. Carissimo consanguineo suo Georgio Duci Clarenâ—iae 3 Dukes more 7 Earls 1 Marquess 23 Lords and Great men The writs of Summons to Parliament issued by King Edward the 4th to the Temporal Lords agree in Prologues forms and dates except in the Praemunientes c. â— with those to the Archbishops and Spiriâ—ual Lords in the 1. Section and are thus directed Cl. 1 E. 4. d. 35. Johanni Duci Norfolciae 4 Earl 1 Vicount 31 Lords and Great men Cl. 2 E. 4. d. 3. Dilâ—cto fideli suo Ricardo Comiâ—i Wâ—rwici 4 Earâ— 37 Lords and Great men C. 6. E. 4. d. 1. Carâ—ssimo Fratri suo Geoâ—gio Duci Clarenâ—iae 2 Dukes more 10 Earls 1 Marquess 36 Lords and Great men Cl. 9 E. 4. d. 3. Carissimo fratri suo Georgio Duci Clarentiae 9 other Dukes 8 Earls 23 Lords and Great men Cl. 11 E. 4. d. 41 Carâ—ssimo fratri suo Georgio Duci Clarentiae 3 Dukes more 8 Earls 25 Lords and Great men Cl. 22 23 E. 4. d. 10. Primogenitoâ—dwardo â—dwardo Principi Walliae 4 Dâ—kes more 1 Marqueâ—e 7 Earls 32 Lords Having presented you with this Breviate of all the generall writs of Summons to Parliaments and Great Councils issued to the Temporal Lords from 49 H. 3. to 23 E. 4. I shall now give you a view of some extraordinary special writs to some Temporal Lords and others reducible to and proper for this Section I shall begin within this Memorable writ to Roger de Mortymer Claus 9 E 2 m. 20 dorso Rex dilecto et fideli suo Rogero de Mortuo-Mare de Wygmore salutem Cum vos tempore quo Parliamentum nostrum usque Lincoln in Quindâ—na Sancti Hillarie proxâ— futur summoneri fecimus in partibus Hiberniae fuissetis per quod Nos vobis non 〈◊〉 simus ad interessendum dicto Parliamento ac vos a dictis parâ—ibus Hiberniae usque regnum nostrum jam ut accepimus accessistis ideo vobis mandamus in fide et homagio quibus nobis tenemini firmiter injungentes quod si ad dictas partes Hibeâ—niae citra dictum Parliamentum non essetis regressuri tunc eidem Parliamento nostro dictis die et loco modis omnibus personaliter intersitiâ— super negotiis Nos et statum Regni nostri rangâ—ntibus pro quibus Parliamentum nostrum mandavimus convoâ—ari Nobiscum et cum Magnatibus et Proceribus regni nostri tractaturi vestrumque consilium impensuri Et hoc nullo modo omittatis T. Rege apud Clipston 17 die Januarii This Roger de Mortymer a Baron of this Realm as is evident by former Summons to him being absent in Ireland when the writs of Summons to this Parliament first issued was thereupon left out of the original writs and Lists of Summons but the King being informed that he was returned into England thereupon sent this special writ of Summons to him bearing date the 17 of Ianuary full 3. moneths after the first writs of Summons dated the 16 of October before entred in another dorse apart from the other writs His absence in Ireland yea and return thither about the publike affairs after this writ issued before this Parliament sat in the Kings and his Counsils opinions being a sufficient ground to excuse his absence from Parliament and to send no writ of Summons to him into Ireland And if English Peers absence or residence in Ireland be a just legal ground to exempt them from summons to a Parliament held in England much more then must Irish Peers and Lords who are no Lords or Barons at all in England be totally exempted from all writs of Summons to the Parliaments of England both in respect of their remoteness from England of the great charge and danger in crossing the Seas to repair to them and because they are obliged neither by their tenures nor Patents to resort to any English Parliaments but only to the Parliaments held in Ireland where only they are Peers and Lords of Parliament and because they cannot attend in two places at once if a Parliament should be summoned in England and Ireland on or near the self-same time Of which more hereafter in its proper place The next writ of this kinde I shall communicate to you is this I meet with Claus. Ann. 35 E. 3. m. 36. dorso Rex dilecto et fideli suo Humfrido dâ— Bohun Comiti Northampton salutem Qâ—ia terra nostra Hiberniae per molestationes a diu Hibernicorum inimicorum nostrorum et incursus propter impotentiam fideliuÌ„ nostroruÌ„ habitantium in eodem regno et pro eo quod Magnates et alii de regno nostro Angliae terras in ea habentes commodum dictarum terrarum suarum ab eadem terra capiunt et defensionem aliquam non faciunt jam tantae vasticatis et destructionis miseriae subjicicur quod nisi Deus avertaâ— et celerius succurratur eidem ad totalem perditionem in prox deducetur per quod pro salvatione ejusdem ordinavimus quod Leonellus Comes Vlton filius noster carissimus cum ingenti exercitu ad terram praedictam cum omni festinatione transmittaâ—ur et quod omnes Magnates et alii de dicto regno nostro terras in dicta terra Hiborniae habentes quâ—nto potentius poterunt in Comitiva dicti filii nostri proficiscentur vel si debiles in corpore existant 〈◊〉 alios sufficientes ibidem mittant pro repulsion â—â—â—â—â—orum inimicorum et salvatione et defensione terrarum suarum et succursu terrae supradictae Et pro dicto negotio accelerando volumus vobiscum et cum aliis de eodem regno terras in dicta terra habentibus Colloquium habere et tractatum Vobis in fide et ligeantia quibus Nobis renemini firmiter injungentes mandamus quod omnibus aliis intermissis sitis personaliter apud Westâ— in Quindena Pasch. prox futur adloquendum Nobiscum et Consilio nostro super dictis Negotiis eâ— illud concernentibus et ad faciend et consentiend super hoc quod ibidem contigerit ordinari Et interim vos et homines vestros quanto potencius et decentius poteritis ad arma paretis Ita quod in vestri defectum progressus dicti filii nostri et exercitus sui non retardetur nec dicta terra amissionis periculo non subjaceat 〈◊〉 causa Et hoc sicut Nos et honorem nostrum ac salvationem et desensionem terrae praedictae diligitis nuâ—â—aâ—enus omitâ—atis Et habeaâ— is ibi hoc breve Teste Rege apâ—d Wesâ—m 15 die Martii Per ipsum Râ—gem et Coâ—siliâ—m Consimilia Brevia dirigâ—â—â—â— subscriptis de effeâ—do coram Rege et Consilio suo ad dies subscriptos viz Rado Com. Staff Thomae Com. Oxen. David de Strabolgi
fide 〈◊〉 quibus Nobis tâ—nâ—mini only which is oft times inserted into the writs to the Temporal Lords and others of the Laity not peculiar only to the Clergy as in homagio ligâ—antia are to the Temporâ—lly The reason whereof I conceive to be groâ—nded on that of Littleton in his Chapter of Homage Sect. 86. If an Abbot or Prior or other man of Religion which extends to all Archbishops Bishops Deâ—n Parsons Prebends and other Ecclesiastical bodies Politick shall do homage to his Lord he shall not say IEO DEVEIGNE VOSTR HOME whence Homage hath its name and derivation as all Temporal Lords and Laymen ought to doe when they do their homage to the King or other Lords because he hath professed himself PUR ESTRE TANT SOLEMENT LE HOME DE DEâ—U But he shall 〈◊〉 say I do Homage unto you and to you I shall be true and faithfull and faith to you bear for the Tenements which I hold of you In which respect Glanvil lib. 9. c. 1 2. Bractonâ— 78. F. Britton cap. 68. 〈◊〉 3â— cap. 16. resolve Sâ—â—endum â—st quod 〈◊〉 liber 〈◊〉 â—asculus quam famina Clericus et Laicus major minor dum tamen electi in Episcopos POST CONSEâ—R ATIONEM HOMAGIUM NON FACIUNT quicquid â—ecerunt anie sed TANTUM FIDELITATEM Conventus aâ—tâ—m HOMAGIUM nec faciet de Iure sicuâ— NEâ— ABBAS NEC PRIOR â—o quod tenent nomine alieno scilicet nomine Ecclesiarum as Sir Ed. Cook likewise observes in his 1. Institutes f. 65. b. So that they doing no homage properly so stiled to the King after their consecrations nor using the words I become your man if we credit Lâ—ttleton in making their homage as the Temporal Lords do Therupon I conjecture the writs of Summons command the Temporal Lords and Laity to appear c. in fide â—t homagio et in â—ide et ligeantia quibus Nobis tenemini but the Prelates Spiritual Lords and other Clergy only in fide et dilectione they being bound to swear fealty and Allegiance to our Kings for the Freehold Lands and Temporaâ—ties they held of him â—â—xcept only those that hold in Frankalmâ—igne as 29 E. 3. f. 38. a. Littleton Sect. 91 92 93. Sir Edw. Cook in hiâ— 1. Instiâ—utes on these Sections and other Law-books resolve For this I shall produce one memorable Record aâ—â—uring us that all the Archbishops Bishops Abboâ—s Priors and Clergy both in England and Ireland did and of right ought to swear fealty to the King as well as the Temporal Lords and Commons and prescribing Commissioners in Ireland to receive it from them Venerabiii in Christo Patri eâ—dem gratia Midden Episcopo et dilectis et fidelibus suis Mauricio filio Mauricii Justiciario suo Hiberniae et Mgistro Iohanni de Sâ—mford Escheatori suo Hiberniae salutem Cum defuncto jam celebris memoriae Domino Henrico Rege patre nostro cujus animae propicietur Alâ—issimus ad Nos regni Angliae gubernaculum et â—errae Hiberniae Dominium pertineant ob quod PRAELATI Comites et Proceres et Communitas Regni nostri Nobis tanquam Domino suo ligio et Regi FIDELITATIS JURAMENTUM et omnia alia quae Nobis ratione Coronae et Dignitatis Regiae ab ipsis fieri et praestari Nobis in absentia nostra poterun plenariè et sine omissione aliqua prompto et libenti animo PRAESTITERINT AC ARCHIEPISCOPI EPISCOPI ABBATES PRIORES Comites Barones Miâ—ites liberè tenentes ac tota Communitas terrae nostrae HIBERNIAE NOBIS tanquam REGI ET DOMINO SUO â—IGIO CONSIMILE SACRAMENTUM FIDELITATIS PRAESTARE TENEANTUR Dedimus â—obis potestatem recipiendi nomine nostro FIDELITATEM IPSORUM Iâ—a tamen quod si vos omnâ—s interesse ne quiveritis tunc duo velâ—â—us vestrum qui prae ensâ—u rit nihilominus plenaâ—iâ—m hab at potestatem recipiendi nomine nostro FIDELITATEM IPSORUM in forma praedicta Et id o vobi mandamus quod FIDELITATEM PRAEDICTAM nomine nostro recipiatis prout melius videbiâ—is expedire In cujus c. 〈…〉 Westm. 7 die Sept. Aâ—n 1 Eâ— 1. Hence I finde this IURAMENTVM EPISCOPORVM in Tâ—ttles Magna Charta printed London 1556. f. 164. b. being nothiâ—g else but the form of the Oâ—th of Fealty which the Bishops took to our Kings before they received their Temporalties out of their hands being the same in substance which the King of Sâ—ots anâ— his Temporaâ— Lords and English Barons and Laymen usually made to King Edward the 1. and his Successors conâ—inued 〈◊〉 these later times Ieo serra soâ—all et loyall et â—oy et loâ—altie porâ—â—ray AV ROY A SES Hâ—IRES ROYS DE ANGLITERRE de vie et de membres et de terrene honour contre toutâ— gentz qui pâ—yent vivre et mounir Et loyaâ—ment monstray et loyalment ferray les services qui appendent a la temporaltie de Levesque de M. la quelle â—eo claimor de tenir de vousâ— et laâ—quelle voâ—us me rendes Si moy ayde Dieu et ses Saints This Oath of Feâ—lty as Sir Edward Cook and others affirm was first invented and generally prescribed to all persons above 12 years of age by our famous British King Arthur who by vertue thereof ex pulit SARACENOS et Inimices â—egno But this certainly is a meer fable and gross mistake which I admire Mr. Lambard and Sir Edward Cook observed not for the Saxacens never invaded England in any age neither were they expelled the Realm by King Arthur but the Saxons who had then and formerly possessed themselves of a great part of Britain were vanquished and expelled by him in the years of grace 518 520 522 as Matt. Westminster Geoffry Manmouth Tho. Walsingham and other of our Historians relate yet not by vertue of this Oath which no Historian mentionâ— but of his arms and 〈◊〉 this Oath as I concâ—ive being rath â—râ—invented by our Saxon Kings than Kiâ—g Arthur and first prescribed by this Law of King Edmund son of Adelstan made at Culinton by advice of his Bishops and wise men about the year 944. Lex 1. Ut omnes jurent in nomine Domini c. FIDELII ATEM Edmundo Reg. SICVT HOMO DEBET ESSE FIDELIS DOMINO SUO sine omni controversia et seditione in manifesto et occulto c. Et quod ANTEQVAM IURAMENTUM HOC DABITUR ut nemo concelet hoc in fratre vel proximo suo plus quam in extraneo This Oath thus instituted was backed by the Laws of Edw. the Confessor of Will the Conq. Lex 78 79. published by Mr. Selden in whose reign all Bishops before their Consecrations did Homage to the K. as well as Fealty for their Temporalties Which though Archbishop Anselm opposed yet at last it was agreed between King Henry the first and him by assent of the Bâ—shops Abbots Lords and Great men in a Parliamentary
Dilecto et fideli nostro only and that those of the bloud royal are for the most part though not alwayes first entred in the Rolls of summons 81y That when a Duke or Earl of England was made a real or titular King of any forein Realm his Royal title was alwayes mentioned in the writ Thus Iohn Duke of Lancaster King of Castell and Leon in all writs of summons to him after his forein Kingship was stiled Carâ—ssimo filio suo Iohanni Regi Castellae et Lâ—gionis Duci Lancastriae in the summons of 46. 49 50 ◠〈◊〉 And Carissimo Avunculo suo Iohanni Regi Castellâ— Legionis Duci Lancastriae in all the writs issued to him under King Richâ—rd the 2d So if any Earl or Baron of England was created a Duke or Earl in Scotland France or Ireland his forein Titles were inserted into the writs as the Title of Cardinal or Patriarch of Ierusalem was inserted into the English Bishops writs created Cardinâ—ls and Patriarchs beyond the Seas Thus Gilbâ—rt de Vinf an l an English Baron being made Earl of Anegos and David de Strà bolgi Earl of Athol in Scotland Leonell the Kings son Earl of Vlster in Ireland the black Prince made Prince of Aquitain as well as of Wales and Iohn Duke of Lancaster Duke of Aquitan under Richard the 2d the were thereupon stiled Comiti Anegos Comiti Athol Comiti Vlton Principi Aquitaniâ— Walliae Duci Aquitaniae Lancastriae in the writs directed to them and if these their forein Titles were omitted in any Writs against them at the Common Law the writs would abate because they were English Peers and had these Titles inserted into their writs of Summons to Parliament where they sate in their Princes Dukes and Earls Robes amongst the rest of the Dukes and Earls But if any forein Duke Earl Lord or Baron of France Ireland Spain or Germany who was no English Baron Lord or Peer of Parliament was sued in the Kings Court by writ he might be stiled only a Knight or Esquire and needed not to be sued by the Title of Duke Earl Lord or Baron because he was no Duke Earl Lord or Baron at all in England but only in his own Country and should be tried upon an Indictment of Treason Murder or Felony only by an ordinary Iury and not by English Peers By which differences the Books of 39 E. 3. 3â— Brooks Nosme de dignity â—9 59. Parl. 4. 11 E. 3. Fiâ—zh Brief 473. 8 R. 2. Fitzh Proces 224. 20 E. 4. 6. Brooks Nosme de Dignity 49. Dyer â—60 b. Cook 7 rep Calvins case f. 15 16. 9. rep â—â—nchers case f. 117. 3. Instit. p. 20. 4. Instit. p. 47. are fully reconciled 9. That if any Earl Baron or Lord was Marshal Constable Steward Admiral Chancellor Treasurer or other great Officer of England or Warden of the Cinque ports his Title of Office was commonly inserted into the writs of Summons As Rogero or Thomae Comiti Naff Marescallo Angliae Avunculo suo carissimo Thomae de Wodestoke Constaâ—ulario Augliae Willo de Clâ—nton comiti Haâ—iâ—gdon Constabulario Castri Dover et Custodi quinque Portuum suorum c. What precedency these Officers had of other Earls Lords and Barons in Parliament you may read in the Statute of 31 H. 8. c. 10. and Mr. Sâ—ldens Titles of Honor. p. 901 c. 10. That in the lists of the Dukes Earls Lords and Barons names there is no certain order observed according to their Antiquity or Precedency but in some Rolls one is first entred in other Rolls others listed before them and they again postponed in succeeding lists Yâ—t generally for the most part â—hough not always the Prince of Wales is first entred before the rest the Dukes before the Earls the Earls Vicounts before the Lords and Barons and they before the Iudges or Kings Counsil and the Earl who was Marshal of England before the other Earls the Clerks entring their names promiscuously for the most part as the Writs came to their hands Some times the first Writs entred at large issued to one Earl Lord Duke Baron other times the Writs go to others without observing the Laws of Heraldry though in the reing of Edward the 3d. and afterwards their names are more methodically entred then before that time oft times in the selfsame order or with some small variations and transpositions So as the Precedency of the Earls or Barons and their places of sitting in the Parliament House cannot be certainly collected from or defined by the entry of their Writs of Summons or liâ—ting in the Eodem modo mandatum est or Consimiles litâ—rae but by custom and the Statute of 31 H. 8. cap. 10. 11ly That in some Clause Rolls there is one Writ to the Archbishop or some other Bishop first entred at large and another Writ at large to some one Earl or temporal Lord with an Eodem modo or Consimiles literae only entred to the rest there listed but most usually there is only but one Writ entred at large to one of the Archbishops or some other Bishops and then a short recital of some part of that Writ to one temporal Lord with an c. Teste ut supra and the like for brevity sake and an Eodem modo and Consimiles literae or some short entries of some special clauses of the Writ to all the other temporal Lords 12ly That in the Eodem modo and Consimiles Literae first the Bishops Abbots Priors and spiritual Lords then the Dukes Earls Temporal Lords Barons Justices Kings Counsils names are entred successively one after another after the first Writ which is singly entred in sundry Rolls without any Writ or part of Writ interposed between their names as if they had all the selfsame Writs in terminis issued to them But in most Rolls there is either a distinct Writ or part of Writ or an Eodem modo mandatum est c. mutatis mutandis interposed between the names of the Bishops Abbots Priors and Earls and Lay Lords likewise between the Temporal Lords and the Kings Counsil and Justices summoned to Parliaments with the usual clauses wherin the writs differ one froÌ„ another inserted into them which different clauses no doubt were in most of the Writs issued to them in those Rolls where they are all entred promiscuously together in the Eodem modo and Consimiles Literae without any Writ or part of a Writ or mâ—tatis mutandis interposed between theÌ„ omitted only for brevity sake by the Clerks who ingrossed the Rolls 13ly That the English Barons who were titâ—lary Earls in Scotland under the Kings Jurisdiction and Allegance were alwayes summoned and liâ—â—ed amongâ—â— the Earls of England in the Rolls of Summons not amongst the English Lords aud Barons who were no Earls witnesse Gilbert and Robert de Vmfranil Earls of Anegos in Scotland and David de Stabolgi Earl of Athol alwayes summoned to the Parliaments
by the Titles of these their Scotish Earldâ—ms and liâ—ted amongst the Enâ—lish Earls not Barons in the Clause Rolls Gilbert de Vmfranil being summoned by Writ as Earl of Anâ—gos to no lesse than 12. Robert de Vmfranil to 63. Gilbert 〈◊〉 Vmfranâ—l his Son to 50. English Parliaments David de Sirabolgi to 21. Parliaments and great Councils as Earl of Athol as the ensuing Table will inform you amongst the other Earls of England but no other Earls of Scotland besides these two The reason whereof was only this because they were English Barons and held lands by Barony in England though the Titles of their Earldoms were not Englishâ— but Scotish yâ—t they were under the Kings Subjection Allegiance and their Residence when thus summoned was upon their Baronies in England That Gilbert de Vmfranil was an English Baron and Lord of Parliament before he became Earl of Anegos is clear by the Clause Rolls of 23 E. 1. d. 4. 9. 24 E. 1. d. 7. wherein he was summoned to 3. Parliaments amongst the English Lords and Barons but then being Earl of Anegos by discent from his Mother he was in Cl. 25 E. 1. d. 25. sundry Parliaments after alwayes summoned by the name of Earl of Anegos and listed amongst the Earls of England as the ensuing Table demonstrates So Rob. de Umfranil summoned to Parliament amongst the English Barons Claus. 2. E. 2. d. 20. was in Claus. 2. E. 2. d. 11. and all succeeding Parliaments under Edward the 2. 3. summoned to Parliament as Earl of Anegos among the Earls of England with whom he is still entred in the Rolls The like may be said of David de Straâ—olgi who though originally a Scotish Earl was yet afterwards made an English Lord by the King and held Lâ—nds in England by Barony and upon that account summoned to sundry Parliaments and great Councils by â—â—e Title of Earl of Athol and registred amongst the English Earls in the Clause Roâ—ls Which I thought meet to touch both to rectifie and clear that doâ—bâ—e mistake in the Antiquity of the Parliaments of England newly printed p. 46. That Peers of Scotland were wont to come and be summoned to the Parliament And that the Peers of Scotland came to the Parliament for Iustice which the Author indeavours to prove by 39 F. 3. 35. in a writ of Râ—vâ—shment de Gard against Gilbert Vmfraviâ— who demanded judgmâ—nt of the writ because he was Earl of Anguish and not so named in the writ c. When as he was not summoned to our Parliament as a Peer of Scoâ—land but only as an English Baron dignified with the Title of a Scotlsh Earldome and came not to our English Parliament for Iustice but was summoned to it by Speâ—â—â—l writs as a Peer and Member thereof as the Clause Roâ—ls resolve and the very year Book likewise Of which more hereafter in its proper place 14ly That no Forein Prelates Earls Nobles Barons of Ireland Scotland or France were formerly summoned to the Parliaments of England as proâ—er Members thereof or Lords of Parliament to make Laws or impose Taxes or give Iudgment or Counsel in any matters relating to England but only our English Prelates Earls Lords and Barons as is most apparent by these special clauses in the writs of Summons Ibidem Vobiscum ac cum caeteris Praelatis Magnatibus Proceribus DICTIREGNI ANGLIAE never Scotiae Franciae or Hiberniae in any writs whatsoever colloquium habere volumus tractatum And Dictis die et loco personaâ—â—ter intersitis Nobiscum cum caeteris Praelatis Magnatibus et Proceribus PRAEDICTIS or DICTI REGNI NOSTRIâ—â— super dicâ—â—s negotâ—â—s tractaâ—â—ri veâ—â—rumque consilium impensuâ—i And ad consentiendum hiâ—s quae â—unc ibidem de Communi consilio DICTI or EJUSDEM REGNI NOSTRI CONTIGERIT ORDINARI And by this usual clause in the Patents of creation of all our English Earls Lords and Barons of Parliament Volentes concedentes pro Nobis haeredibus successoribus nostris quod praefatus A. Comes B. or C. Baro or Dominus D. et haeredes sui masculi et eorum quilibet habeat teneat possideat sedem locum in PARLIAMENTIS nostris haeredum luccessorum nostrorum infra REGNUM NOSTRUM ANGLIAE inter ALIOS COMITES BARONES EJUSDEM REGNI ut COMES or BARO compared with the Patents of creation of Irish and Scotish Earls Lords Barons Boroughs which constitute them only Earls Lords Barons or Boroughs in terra Dominio nostro Hiberniae or Scotiae or infra Regnum nostrum Scotiae or Hiberuiae and Vnum Comitem Dominum vel Baronem omnium singulorum Parliamentorum Magnorum Conciliorum nostrorum c. in terra or Regno nostro HIBERNIAE or SCOTIAE â—enendorum and grant them only sedem et locum in Parliamentis nostris HIBERNIAE or SCOTIAE inter alios Comites Dominos Barones ejusdem Regni As the Kings Patents to Burroughs in Irel. gave them plenaÌ„ potestateÌ„ authoritateÌ„ eligendi mittendi retornendi duos discretos idoneos viros ad inserviendum attendendum in quolibâ—t Parliamento in dicto regno nostro Hiberniae not Angliae in posterum tenend But no Place or Voyce at all to their Peers or Burgesses in the Parliaments of England amongst the Earls Lords or Barons of England who have no seat Place or Voyce at all in the Parliaments of Scotland or Ireland as they are English Peers though subordinat Kingdoms to England Which I shall farther clear in some ensuing Sections 15ly That there is a great diversity between writs of Summons to Parliaments or General Parliamentary Councils and to particular Councils upon emergent occasions which are not properly Parliaments all the Bishops Abbots Priors Earls Lords Barons together with the Judges and Kings Counsil Citizens Burgesses of Parliament and Barons of the Ciâ—que ports being usually summoned to the one but some few Spiritual and Temporal Lords only without any Judges Assistants Knights Citizens Burgesses or Barons of the Cinque-ports or some few of them only and divers who were no usual Lords Barons of Parliament as in 32 E. 3. d. 14. and other Rolls summoned to the other as the Clause Rolls aâ—test Which difference some ignorant Antiquaries not observing have confounded them both together as one and the same and mistaken some writs of Summons only to a Council or to a conference with the King his Privy Counsil upon extraordinary dangers occasions for writs of Summons to a Parliament Such amongst other forecited writs are these of 35 E. 3. dors 36. 36. E. 3. d. 42. Where all those Earls Lords Abbots Peers Great men Gentlemen Counteâ—â—es Ladies and Dowagers who had Lands in Ireland and none else but they alone were summoned the Temporal Lords and great men to appear in proper Person the Clergymen Countesses Ladies and Dowagers to send one or more Proxies or Deputies in whom
they specially confided to the King and his Counsil at Westminster not to the Parliament there to confer and treat with them concerning the relief of Ireland and their passage to or sending men of Arms speedily into Ireland to resist suppress the Irish Rebels who much infested wasted and endangered it as the whole frame and contents of the writs themselves and the marginal Notes in the Rolls De Consillo Summonito De Veniendo ad Consilium c. resolve beyond all contradiction Which Ioseph Holland and others not considering in their Antiquity of the Parliaments of England p. 23. 88. have published these two grosse mistakes together viz. That in the time of Edward the thâ—â—â— therâ— was a writ then in use De admittendo â—ide dignas ad colloquium c. It is recorded amongst the Summons of Parliament 35 E. 3. that there is a writ De admittendo fide dignos ad Colloquium And amongst the Earls and Barons there is retorned Mâ—ry Countesse de Norff Alianoxa Countesse de Ormond Philippa Countesse de March Agnes Countesse de Pembroke and Katherine Countesse of Athol When as these Countesses were not recorded nor retorned amongst the Earls and Barons in any Summons to Parliament nor were they required to send or come to any Parliament or Parliamentary Council nor is thâ—re any writ in this or any other Roll De admittendo fide dignas or dignos ad Colloquium as they confidently affirme But they were only summoned by writ to send men of Arms into Ireland with other Lords Gentlemen Clergymen who had Lands and Possessions there as these Countesses all had for to defend and recover the same from the Irish Enemies and commanded Aliquos vel aliquem de quibus vel de quo specialiter confiditis MITTATIS apud Westm. c. Which MITTATIS these Pseudo-Antiquaries have metamorphosed into a writ DE ADMITTENDO fide dignas ad Colloquium By which grosse perversion they have evidenced themselves and their Treatises not to be fide digni in these and other particulars relaâ—ing to our Parliaments wherewith they have deceived both themselves and others who adore these their Oversights for Oracles 16ly That when any of the Earls Lords or Nobles were imployed in the Wars in France Scotland Ireland or any other service for the King in forein parts they were omitted out of the lists of Summons to Parliaments and Parliamentary Councils and if any writs in such cases issued to them they were usually revoked cancelled and entries thereof made upon the Clause Rolls This is evident by Claus. 11 E. 3. 25. dors 11. where I find these 2. Presidents in the lists of the Lords and Barons names Thomae Wake de Lydett VACAT QUIA IN OBSEQUIO REGIS Henry de Grey VACAT QUIA IN OBSEQUIO REGIS After which at the end of all the writs of Summons to the Sheriffs Warden of the Cinque-ports and Kings Counsel follows this entry of writs to some Earls Lords and Gentlemen besides those first mentioned after the Spiritual Lords then summoned Rex dilecto fideli suo Willo de Bohun Com. Northamton salutem Quia tam super urgentissimis c. ut supra in brevi directo Hent Com. Lâ—ncastr usque in finem Eodem modo mandatum est subscriptis viz. Thomae Com. Norffâ—er Mariscallo Angliae Avunculo Regis Willielmo de Monteacuto Comitâ— Sarum Rico. Comiti Arundell Hugoni de Audâ—le Comiti Gloucestr Roberto de Ufford Comiti Suff. Gilberto de Umfravill Comiti de Anegos Ranulpho de Dacre Bartho de Burghersh Johanni de Segrave Egidio de Badlesmere Rado de Nevill Johanni de Tybtofte Rico. Talebot Henr. de Percey Rado de Stafford Thomae de Berkele Antonio de Lucy Et Memorand quod Brevia istis Magnatibus immediate praescriptis directa de essendo ad PARLIAMENTUM praedictum remissa fuerunt Cancellar ET PRO EO QVOD QVIDAM EX EIS IN PARTIBUS SCOTIAE QUIDAM EX EIS IN PARTIBUS TRANSMARINIS IN OBSEQUIO REGIS EXISTVNT ADNUâ—LAND So Claus. An. 12 E. 2. pars 2. dors 32. There is this entry made in the lists of Summons Humfrido de Bohun Comiti Hereford VACAT QUIA IN OBSEQUIO REGIS And Cl. 2. R. 2. d. 29. Iohi de Nevill de Raby in partibus Aquitan If any Baron or Lords name were in the list of Summons and he not actually summoned there was then a Vacat entred in the Roll as in Claus. 11. E. 3. p. 1. dors 8. Iohi de Sutton de Holdernesse VACAT QUIA NON FUIT SUMMONITUS And if he died before the Parliament then his death was entred upon the Roll as Claus 9. E. 3. d. 28. Iohi de Clynton MORTUUS EST. 17ly That when any Temporal Lords or Prelates had writs of Summons to Parliament issued to them in times of warr and danger whilst they were imployed in the Warrs against the Scots in the North or parts of Scotland if they could not desert the Warrs and attend personally in Parliament without danger and prejudice to the Publike they had then writs of countermand sent them not to recede from the parts where they were in Service notwithstanding their Summons to Parliament For which I find this memorable president in Claus. 30 E. 1. d. 7. De non recedendo à partibus Scotiae Rex dilecto sideli suo Iohanni Segrave salutem Licet â—uper vobis mandavimus quod omnibus aliis praetermissis ad Parliamentum quod apud London in prox festo Sancti Michaelis duximus Statâ—end PERSONALITER INTERSITIS NOLUMUS TAMEN quod praetextu mandati praedicti partibus Scotiae seu Marchiae ejus in quibus estis in obsequio nostro constituti ALIQUALITER RECEDATIS T. Rege apud Losele XI die Septembris Consimiles literae diriguntur Alexandro Balliolo Edmundo de Hastinges Willo de Lâ—â—u Seniori Waltero de Huntercumbe Eodem modo mandatum est Roberto de Clifford quod a partibus in quibus nunc est NULLATENUS RECEDATIS To which I shall subjoyn this later President of Cl. 6. E. 2. d. 12. Rex dilecto fideli suo Waltero de Fauconberg salutem Licet nuper vobis mandaverimus quod omnibus aliis praetermissis essetis ad Nos tertia Dominica Quadragesimae prox futur apud Westm. ibidem Nobiâ—scum cum Magnatibus Proceribâ—s regni nostri super diversis negotiis Nos et statum ejusdem Regni tangenâ—ibâ—s tractaturi veâ—trumque consilium impensuri pro securiori tamen custodia et majori tuitione partium vestrarum contra Scotos inimicos et Rebelles nostros vobis mandamus quod a partibus praedictis sine mandato nostro vos nullatenus transferatis Teste Rege apud Westm. 20 die Febr. Eodem modo mandatum est subscriptis viz. Ranulpho de Nevill Willo de Vavasour Willo de Ros de Hamlake Marmiduco de Twenge Nicho. de Meivill Ade de Everingham Thomae de Multon de Egremond Thomae de Multon de Gillesland Ingelramo de
England most of the Earls and Temporal Lords attending on them in person in their wâ—rrs and voyages into forein parts as on Ed. 3 H. 4 5 6. 3ly The Civil wars hapning now and then between the King Lords and Barons upon which occasion some of the Temporal Lords whiles in open hostility and rebellion against the King were now and then as I conjecture left out of the Lists of Summons because they could not be conveniently summoned or would not appear upon any summons if sent them 4ly The attainders or Outlawries of some Earls Lords and Barons of High Treason for their wars Insurrections Rebellions or other Treasons against the King which disabled themselves and their Posterities to be summoned to Parliaments till pardoned or restored by the King to theiâ— honours bloud Lordships Baronies and Lâ—nds 5ly The Alieâ—ation of some Baronies by teâ—ure by sales gifts marriages escheats or otherwise from one person name family to another whereby the former Barons only by Tenure were no more summoned after such Alienations but the new Tenants who purchased or possessed them 6ly The deceases of some Earls Lords and Barons without heirs males of their Bodies or the Infancy or nonage of their heirs males at the time of their deathâ— who usually had no writs of summons till their full age though the Prince of Wales and Kings own sons were sometimes summoned to Parliaments during their Minority as will appear by comparing the dates of their wriâ—s with the time of their births mentioned in our Historians but few Nobles else were summoned during their Minority for ought appears Minors being unfiâ— to be Senators Counseâ—lors Judges in the Supremest Council Judicaâ—ure of the Realm as I have elsewhere proved 7ly Our Kings Liberty and Prerogative who though obliged by the anâ—ient Laws and customs of the Realm the Conâ—â—iâ—utions of Clarindon the Great Charter of King Iohn Ad habendum COMMUNE CONSILIUM REGNI aâ— Auxiliis assidendis et de Scutagiis assidendis 〈◊〉 faciemus Archiepiscopos Episcopos Abbates COMITES MAIORES BARONES REGNI SINGILLATIM PER LITER AS NOSTRAS c. ex debito Iustitiae as Sir Edward Cook informs us to summon EVERY ONE OF THE TEMPORAL LORDS BY DESCENT OR CREATION being of full age by writs to our Parliaments when held yet they have likewise a Freedom and Prerogative to create New Earls Lords Barons by special Writs or Patents or to Summon what particular Gentlemen and others of Parts and Abilities they please to their Parliaments and Great Councils to counsel and advise them as the exigency of their affairs shall require and they and their Counsel shall think necessary pro hac vice tantum or so oft as they deem necessary without creating them Earls Lords or Barons for life or inheritance by their general writs of Summons as I have elswhere evidenced 38. That the Eodem modâ— mandatum est c. And Consimiles literae diriguntur subscriptis in the Clause Rolls are for the most part general without defining the Degrees and Qualities of the persons underwritten except Dukes and Earls specified by their Titles but few else besides them And sometimes special As Eodem modo mandatum est Comitibus et Baronibus subscriptis Consimile mandatum habent singuli Comites BARONES MILITES subscripti Consimiles Literae diriguntur Comiâ—â—bus BARONIBUS MILITIBUS SUBSRIPTIS So as it is a difficult matter certainly to define by the large list of names which of them were real Lords and Barons of Parliament and which not except those only who were usually summoned and listed in the Rolls amongst the Lords and Barons and their posterity after them or such who are expresly stiled either Barons or Lords in the writs or lists of names of which I shall give you one instance In the summons of Claus. 5 E. 2. m. 25. dorso in the Eodâ—â— modo mandatum est Comitibus et Baronibus subscriptis there is this List of names with a particular distinction made of their Degrees in the Margin declaring all in that Catalogue to be Earls and Barons and in no Roll else upon my best observation Guidoni de Bello Campo Comiti Warr. Adamaro de Valenâ— Comiti Pembr Hâ—mfrido de Bohun Comiti Heref. Essex Iohanni de Warenna Comiti surr Edmundo Comiti Arundel Roberto de Veer Comiti Oxon. Hugoni de Veer Hugoni le Dispenser Iohanni de Hastings Ioh. de Gifford de Brimesfeld Willo Martyn Iohanni de Ferrar. Willo de Mareschall Roberto de Clifford Iohanni de Somery Roberto Fil. Paganâ— Iohanni Botetourte Roberto fil Walteri Pagano Tybetot Bartho de Badlesâ—ere Iohanni de Segrave Pho. de Kyâ—e Edmundo Deincourt Iohanni de Grey Rico. de Grey Iohanni la Ware Willo de Echingham Thomae de Furnivall Iohanni de Clavering Peero Corbet Rado Basset de Draiton Iohanni Dengaine Engayne Fulconi Lestrange Willo le Latymer Fulconi fil Warrini Roberto de Ufford Iohanni de Bello Campo de Somerset Hugoni de Courtenay Rado de Gorges Henr. de Lancastr Mauricio de Berkele Thomae Bardolfe Roberto de Monte altâ— Iohanni de Mohâ—â— An exact Alphabetical and Chronological Table of all Dukes Earls Marquesses Princes of Wales and forein Kings summoned to the Great Councils and Parliaments of England from 49 H. 3. to 23 E. 4. with the numbers of the Parliaments years and dorses of the clause Rolls of each King when there were two or more Parliaments in one year to which they were summoned or resummoned by Writs of Prorogation p. in the parentheâ—is signifying the part d. the dorse and the next figures the membranaes of the dorse or dorses wherein they are recorded The other dorses you may find in the forecited Writs A ALbemariae Thomas Duke of Albemarl or Aumarle Uncle to K. R. d 2. summoned to Parl. 9 R. 2. Edward Duke thereof 21 23 R. 2. 1 H. 4. Thomas Duke of Clarence Earl of Albemarle so stiled in his summons 1 2 3 4 H. 5. Aâ—â—gos Angos Danegoâ— or Anguish Gilbert de Vmfravil Earl thereof summoned to Parl. An. 25 d. 25. 27 d. 16 18. 28 d. 3. 17. 30 d. 9. 12. 33 â—4 â—5 Ed. 1. 1 d. 11. 19. Ed. 2. Robert de 〈◊〉 Earl thereof summoned 2 3. 12 d. 11. 29. 1â— 14 d. 5. 2. 15 16 17 18. d. 5. 21 23. 34 â— 2. Gilbâ—â—t de Umfrâ—vil 6 d. 4 9 19. 36. 7 8 9. d 8. 28. 10 d. 1 5. 12 13 d. 1. 28. 14 d. 23 33. 15. 16 d. 13 39 17 18 20 21 22 d. â— 7. 〈◊〉 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 d. 7 8. â—1 d. 2. 21. 32 33 34 d. 4. 35. 36 37 38 39 42 43 44 46 47 49 d. 4 6. 50 E. 3. 1 d. 37. 2 d. 13 29. 3 d. 13 29. 3. d. 32 R. 2. All these 3 Umfravils though the Title of their Earldom was Scotish were all originally English Barons of Prodhow Kime in Lancashire
11 d. 32. 12 d 2. H. 4. 1 d 9. 37. 2 d 16. H. 5. William de la Pool Earl thereof summoned 9 d 18 10 d 10. 11 d 16. 13 d 2. 20 d 27. Made and summoned as Marquess of Suffolk 23 d. 21. 25 d. 24. summoned as Duke of Suffolk 27 d 24. 28 d. 26. H. 6. Iohn Duke thereof summoned 49 d 6. H. 6. 6 d 1. 9 d 3. 12 d 41. 22 23 d 10. E. 4. Surrey Iohn de Warrenna Earl thereof summoned 23 d 9. 27 d 9. 16. 18. 28 d 3. 17 30 d 8. 13. 34 d 2. E. 1. 1 d 8. 11. 19. 2 d 11. 14. 20. 3 d 16. 17. 5 d 11. 17. 25. 6 d 3. 31. 7 d 16 27. 8 d 29. 35. 9 d 22. 11 d 8. 12. 14. 12 d. 11. 29. 13 d 13. 14 d 5. 29. 15 d 16. 17 d 27. 18 d 15. 21. 34. 20 d 4. E. 2. 1 p. 2. d 11. 16. 2 d 11. 15. 23. 31. 4 d 13. 32. 42. 5 d 7. 25. 6 d 4. 9. 19. 36. 7 p 2. d 3. 8 d 18. 9 d 8. 28. 10 d 1. 5. 11 p 1. d 8. 15. p 2. d 11. 40. 13 p 2. d 1. 28. 14 p. 1. d. 23. 33. 15 p. 1. d. 37. 16 p. 1. d. 39. p. 2. d. 13. 22. 17 p. 1. d. 25. 18 p. 1 d. 14. 20 p. 1. d. 22. 21 p. 1. d. 28. E. 3. Thomas Holland Duke of Surry summoned 21 p. 1. d. 27. 23. d. 3. R. 2. 1 d. 37. H. 4. V ULâ—on Liâ—â—â—l the Kings Son Earl thereof summoned 34 d. 4. E. 3. sent into Ireland with an Army 35 E. 3. d. 33. 36. E. 3. d. 42. W WAles Edward eldest Son of Ed. 2. Prince of Wales c. summoned 30 d 8. 13. 32 d. 2. 33 d. 10. 31. 34 d. 2. E. 1. Edward eldest Son of Ed. 3. Prince of Wales c. summoned 24 p. 2. d. 3. 25 p. 1. d. 5. 26 d. 14. 27 d. 12. 28 d. 26. 31 d. 2. 34 d. 4. 42 d. 22. 44. d. 1. 46 d. 9. 10. 47 d. 13. E. 3. Richard ` Prince of Wales stiled the Kings Son though his Grandchild onely summoned 50 p. 2. d. 6. E. 3. Henry Prince of Wales c. summoned 1 2 p. 1. d. 3. 3. d. 17. 5 p. 1. d. 28. p. 2. d. 4. 7 d. 30. 9 11 d. 32. 12 d. 2. 14 d. 22. H. 4. Edward eldest Son of E. 4. Prince of Wales summoned 22 23. d. 10. E. 4. Warenne Iohn Earl thereof summoned 23 d. 3. 24 d. 7. E. 1. Warwick William de Bello-campo Beauchamp Earl thereof summoned 23 d. 3. 9. 24 d. 7. 25 d. 25. E. 1. Guido de Bello Campo Earl thereof summoned 27 d. 16. 18. 28 d. 3. 17. 30 d. 8. 13. 32 d. 2 33 d. 21. 35 d. 13. E. 1. 1 d. 11. 19 2 d. 11. 14. 20 3 d. 16. 17. 4 d. 1 5 d. 11. 17. 25. 6 d. 3. 31. 7 d. 16. 17. 8 d. 35. E. 2. Thomas de Bello-campo Earl thereof summoned 4 d. 13. 32. 41. 5 p. 1. d. 7. 25. p. 2. d. 7. 6 d. 9. 19. 24 36. 7 p. 2. d. 32. 1â— p. 2. d. 1. 28. 14 p. 1. d. 33. 16 p. 1. d. 39. 17 p. 1. d. 14. 21 p. 1. d. 32. p. 2. d. 3. 7. 23 p. 1. d. 23. 24 p. 2. d. 3. 25 p. 1. d. 5. 26 p. 1. d. 14. 27 d. 12. 28 d. 26. 31 d. 21. 32 d. 14. 34 d. 4. 36 d. 16. 42 d. 22. 34 d. 24. 44 d. 1. 46 d. 4. 49 d. 4. 6. 50 p. 2. d. 6. E. 3. 1. d. 37. 2 d. 13. 29. 3 d. 32. 4 d. 32. 5 d. 40. 6 d. 37. 7 d. 10. 37. 8 d. 35. 9 d. 46. 10. d. 42. 11 d. 13. 24. 12 d. 42. 13 d. 5. 14 d. 42. 15 d. 37. 16 d. 23. 17 d 30. 18 d. 23. 20 p. 1 d. 15. 23 d. 3. R. 2. 1 d. 37. 2 p. 1. d. 3. H. 4. Richard Earl thereof summoned 5 p. 1. d. 28. p 2. d. 4. 6 7 d. 30. 9 d. â— 11 d. 32. 12 d. 2. 14 d. 22. H. 4. 1 d. 9 37 2 d. 16. 4 d 16. 8 d. 2. H. 5. 1 d. 22. 2 d. 18 3 d. 3. 6 d. 4. 7 d. 2. 10 d. 10. 11 d. 10. 13 d. 2. 15 d. 18. 29 d. 41. 31 d. 36. 33 d. 36. 49 d. 6. H. 6. 1 d. 31. 2 d. 3. 6 d. 1. 9 d. 3. E. 4. Westmerland Ralf de Nevil Earl thereof summoned 21 p. 1. d. 27. 23 d. 3. R. 2. 1 d. 37. 2 p. 1. d. 3. 3 d. 17. 5 p. 1 28. p. 2. d. 4. 6 7 d. 30. 8 d. 2. 11 d. 32. 12 d. 2. 14 d. 22. H. 4. 1 d. 5. 37. 2 d. 16. 3â— d. 15. 4 d. 16. 5 d. 11. 7 d. 9. 8 d. 2. 9 d. 13. H. 5. 1. d. 22 2 d. 26. 3 d. 9 7 d. 2. 9 d. 18 10 10. 11 d. 10. 12 d. 1. 13 d. 2. 15 d. 18 18 d. 33. 20 d. 27. 23 d. 21. 25 d. 24. 27 d. 24. 28 d 26. 29 d. 41. 31 d. 36. 33 d. 36. 38 d. 30. 49 d. 6. H. 6. 1 d. 35. 2 d. 3. 6 d. 1. 9 d. 3. 12 d. 41. 22 23 d. 16. E. 4. Wigorne Worcester Thomas de Percy Earl thereof summoned 23 d. 3. R. 2. 1 d. 37. 2 p. 1. d. 3. 3 d. 17. Richard Earl thereof summoned 8 d. 2. H. 5. Iohn Earl thereof summoned 28 d. 26. 29. d. 41. 31 d. 36. 33 d. 36. H. 6. 2 d. 3. E. 4. Edward Tibetot Earl thereof summoned 6 d. 4. E. 4. Wilts Wiltshire Wiltes Iames Earl thereof summoned 28. d. 26. 29 d. 41. 31 d. 36. 33 d. 36. 38 d. 30. H. 6. Iohn Earl thereof summoned 12 d. 41. E. 4. Winton Winchester Hugh le Dispencer Earl thereof summoned 16 d. 26. 17 d. 27. 18 d. 5. 15. 21. 34. 19 d. 27. E. 2. Y YOrk Edmond Duke thereof summoned 9 d. 45. 10 d. 42. 11 d. 13. 24. 12 d. 42. 13 d. 5. 14 d. 42. 15 d. 37. 16 d. 23. 17 d. 3. 30. 20 p. 1. d. 15. 21 p. 1. d. 27. 23 d. 3. R. 2. 1 d. 37. 2 p. 1. d. 3. 3 d. 17. 5 p. 1. d. 28. p. 2. d. 4. 7 d. 30. 8 d. 2. H. 4. Edward Duke thereof summoned 9 d. â— 11 d. 26. 12 d. 3. H. 4. 1 d. 9. 37. 2 d. 16. H. 5. Richard Duke thereof summoned 11 d. 10 13 d. 2. 18 d. 3. 20 d. 27. 23 d. 21. 25 d. 24. 27 d. 24. 29 d. 41. 31 d. 36. 33 d. 36 H. 6. An Exact Alphabetical and Chronological Table of all the Temporal Lords Baâ—ons Viscounts and Great Men summoned to Parliaments and Great Councils in England from 49. H. 3. till 23. E. 4. with the years dorses of the Clause Rolls in each Kings Reign and Numbers of the Parliaments to which they were summoned p. in the Parenthesis signifying the part of the Clause Roll of the year
Kings Counsil summoned to Parliaments and Great Councils by the precedent writs were sometimes very many in number somtimes very few and alwaies more or less at the Kings meer pleasure In the first writ and list of summons extant they were no less than 40 in some others above 30 in most under 20 usually in later times but 10 11 12 13 or 14 sometimes but 4 5 6 or 7 once or twice but one Sometimes most of them were Deans Archdeacons and other Clerks or Clergymen who had alwaies the Title MAGISTRO praefixed to their names both in the writs and lists of their names other times the major number were Justices Laymen and but two or three Clerks In later times the Clergymen were wholly omitted or very rarely inserted and that when they were Treasurers or Temporal Officers to the King An unanswerable apparent Argument and demonstraon that they were no essential Members of our Parliaments or Great Councills since the King might thus summon more or fewer of them or which of them he thought fittest and omit all or any or as many of them as he would at his pleasure out of the summons 4ly That in all lists of Summons of this kinde the Kings Chief Justices and other Justices of his Courts at Westm and Chief Baron were constantly summoned in more or less numbers and the Kings Serjeants very frequently yea the writs of Summons entred in the Rolls were for the most part issued to the Kings Chief Justice because there was most use of the Justices and learned Lawyers advice and counsel in Parliaments in all matters of Law there debated inâ—writs of Error there pending in the penning of New and altering explaining or repealing of former Statutes in Pleas of the Crown and other cases criminal or civil heard and determined in Parliaments than there was of inferiour Clergymen of the Counsil the Archbishops Bishops Abbots Priors and Spiritual Lords there present as Members being sufficiently able to advise the King and Temporal Lords in all Ecclesiastical matters there debated or treated of especially when assisted with the Clerks of the Convocation usually summoned without any Clergymen of the Kings Counsil 5ly That by the King and his Counsil Vs and Our Counsil Vs and the rest of our Counsil aliis ac caeteris de Consilio nostro in the precedent and other writs in the Clause Rols the Rolls of Parliament the afetrcited Statutes and other Acts of Parliament the Kings Justices and others summoned to Parliaments and Great Councils as his Counsil not as Spiritual or Temporal Lords are properly meant and intended not the Lords of the Kings Privy or continual Council nor yet the Lords in Parliament or Parliament it self the Parliament in the writs of Summons to the Bishops in the Clause of Praemunientes Decanum Capitulum Archidiaconos totumque Clerum vestrae Dioc c. and in the writs to the Sheriffs Wardens of the Cinqueports being usually stiled Commune Consilium Regni nostri as the Clause Ad consentiendum hiis quae tunc ihidem de Communi Consilio regni nostri contigerit ordinari inserted into the last part of these Writs informes us And so is it stiled in the writ prescribed by the Statute De non ponendis in Assisâ—s Anno 21 E. 1. in other Writs grounded upon Acts of Parliament in the Register of Writs and Natura Brevium Or the Kings Common or General Council as in the Stat of Vouchers 18 E. 1. in the Statutes of Wast de Defensione Iuris An 20 E 1. and other printed Acts and long before this in Pat. 1 Joh Râ— m. 3 n. 3. Pat. 1 H 3. m. 3. Pat. 3 H 3. ps 2. m. 6. and sundry other writs and Patents in his reign 6ly That although Sir Edward Cooke and others make this the chief or sole distinguishing Claâ—se or proprium quarto modo between the writs of Summons to the Lords and Members of the Lords House and Assistants that the one are always summoned quod in propria persona intersitis Nobiscum ac cum dictis or caeteris Praelatis Magnatibus et Proceribus dicti regni nostri super dictis negotiis tractaturi vestrumque consilium impensuri The others only summoned quod personaliter intersitis Nobiscnm et cum caeteris de Consilio nostro super dictis negotiis tractaturi vestrumque consilium impensuri Yet this is not a general truth For 1. in sundry forecited writs to the Kings Counsil Justices and Assistants this clause Et cum caeteris de Consilio nostro c. is totally omitted though it be in most of them and intersitis Nobiscum only or intersitis Nobiscum et cum dictis Praelatis Magnatibus et Proceribus super dictis negotiis tractaturi vestrumque consilium impensuri without any cum caeteris de Consilio nostro inserted in lieu thereof yet with this distinction not formerly observed by any to my knowledge that in the writs to the Spiritual and Temporal Lords the words alwayes run thus in the first Clause of the writs Vobiscum ac cum CAETERIS Praelatis Magnatibus Proceribus dicti Regni nostri to a Spiritual Lord and Vobiscum cum Praelatis ac CAETERIS Magnatibus et Proceribus c to a Temporal Lord and thus in the mandatory part dictis die et lâ—co personaliter intersitis Nobiscum ac cum CAETERIS Praelatis Magnatibus Proceribus if to a Prelate and if to a Temporal Lord Nobiscum ac cum Praelatis et CAETERIS Magnatibus et Proceribus Praedictis super dictis negotiis tractaturi c. the word Caeteris is alwaies omitted in the writs to the Justices and other Assistants of the Counsil in both these clauses because they are no Spiritual nor Temporal Lords of Parliament nor summoned as such and cum Praelatis Magnatibus Proceribus without caeteris being only used in their writs both where cum caeteris de Consilio nostro is inserted into their writs after the word Proceribus or elsewhere and where it is totally omitted So that the omission of the word caeteris in this place and manner in all writs to the Justices and other Assistants and the inserting it as aforesaid into the writs of the Spiritual and Temporal Lords is the principal distinguishing word that puts a difference between them not this Clause alone Nobiscum cum aliis de Consilio nostro twice inserted into the writs of Prorogation and Resummons both to the Temporal and Spiritual Lords as well as to the Justices and Assistants Claus 33 E. 1. d. 9 10. which I shall recite at large in its due Section 7ly That in the writs of Summons to the Kings Counsil they are never licensed to appear by Proxies or Attorneys as the Spiritual and Temporal Lords sometimes are but in proper person alone 8ly That such of them who were Deans Archdeacons or Clergymen have alwaies the Title MAGITRO prefixed to their names both in
them made in this party be firmly holden The offenders against the Ordinance of Fish made in 31. E. 3. c. 2. are to be attached and detained in Prison as Rebels and Transgressors till the King and HIS COUNSEL have ordained of them that right requireth after the quality of their Trespasse 34. E. 3. c. 21. By assent of the King and of HIS COUNSEL passage was granted of Wools and other Merchandises of the Staple to Denizens contrary to the Ordinance of the Staple that only Merchants Aliens and no Merchants Denizens should transport them which passage was confirmed by Parliament and this Act. 35 E. 3. Upon doing us and OUR COUNSELL TO UNDERSTAND c. It was adjudged by US AND OUR COUNSEL that the Fishers of herrings at Great Yermouth should be free to sell their herrings to all people that will come to the faire of Yermouth without disturbance of their host or any other and accordingly enacted by this Parliament The printed Pardon granted by the King in Parliament An. 36. E. 3. was prayed by the Commons to be shewed to the Kiâ—g and to HIS COVNSELL and to the other Lords ere passed according to the tenour of the Commons Petition 37 E. 3. c. 15. Clotâ— makers and Drapers shall be constrained by any manner way that best shall seem to the King and his Counsel that the Ordinance of new Apparell be in no point broken 37 E. 3. c. 18. enacts That those who make false suggestions to the King be sent with the said suggestions before the Chancellor Treasurer and His Counsil and that they there finde surety to pursue their suggestions and incurr the same pein that the other should have had if he were attainted in case that his suggestion be found evil 38 E. 3. c. 11. enacts That all Merchants Denizens may pass into Gascoigne and bring in Wines from thence without any disturbance or impeachment Alwayes provided to the King that it may be lawful to him whensoever it is advised to him or to His Counsil to ordain of this article in the manner as best shall seem to him for the profit of him and his Commons 38 E. 3. c 3. Provisors and Offendors against this Act who do not present themselves before the King or His Counsil within two moneths after that they are thereunto warned c. shall be punished according to the Statute of 27 E. 3 and otherwise as to the King and His Counsil shall best seem to be done without any grace pardon or remission And Cap. 5. if any person maliciously or falsly make any pursute against any person as a Provisour and be thereof duly attainted he shall be duly punished at the Ordinance of the King and His Counsil and nevertheless he shall make gree and amends to the party grieved The Statute of 42 Edward 3. c. 3. made upon a Petition of the Commons in Parliament beginning thus Plese a nostre Seigneur le Roy son BON COVNSEL pur droyt governement de son peuple Ordeigner Which complains that diverse upon false and malicious suggestions have been taken and caused to come before the Kings Counsil by writ and other command of the King upon grievous pein against the Law To these I might superadd the Statutes of 1 R. 2. c. 4. 3 R. 2. c 3. 5 R. 2. c. 2. Stat 2. 6 R. 2. Stat. 2. c. 1. 8 R. 2. c. 4 10 R. 2. c. 11. 11 R. 2. c. 2 6 7 12. 12 R. 2. c. 1 2 10. 13 R. 2. c. 2. 18. Parl. 2. c. 3. 16 R. 2. c. 5 17 R. 2. c. 5 6 7. 1 H. 4. c. 6 7 9 13. 4 H. 4. c. 4 23 30. 1 H. 5. c. 6. 2 H. 5. c. 8. Parl. 2. c. 2. 9 H. 5. c. 3 5. 1 H. 6. c. 1 5. 2 H. 6. c. 6. 4 H. 6. c. 5. 8 H. 6. c. 13 27. 10 H. 6. c. 3 4. 14 H. 6. c. 2. 27 H. 6. c. 11. 31 H. 6. c. 1. â—3 H. 6. c 3. 14 E. 4. c. 1 2. 17 E. 4. c. 1. 3 H. 7. c. 1. 4. 4 H. 7. c. 4. 11 H. 7. c. 7. 25. 19 H. 7. c. 1. 13 18. By all which and other Acts as likewise by Mr. William Lambards Archaion p. 118. to 216. compared with Cooks 4 Institutes c. 5. and the records in My Plea for the Lords p. 273 330 331 385 390 398 399 418 419 420 505 507. the Authority Power Jurisdiction use proceedings of the Kings Counsil and Justices both in and out of Parliaments is fully explained declared to which I shall subjoyn two memorable records for a Conclusion hereof Claus 37 H. 3. dors 7. Rex Ricardo Comiti Cornubiae salutem Alias allocuti sumus Episcopum Sarum quod intenderet Consilio nostro praebuit se difficilem propter quod ad praesens nolumus habere alios Consiâ—â—arios quà m ordinavimus sicut scitis sed cum aliqua difficultas emerserit super Iudicium reddendum vel aliis communibus negotiis taâ—â— gentibus legem terrae bene placet Nobis quod ad hoc intendat cum à Vobis interpellatus ad ipsum vocandum cum hujusmodi necessitas evenerit plenam Vobis concedimus potestatem Teste Rege apud Portsmouth 7 die Augusti By this record it is evident That the Kings Counsil in those dayes usually gave judgement in cases of difficulty and other common cases concerning the Law of the realm calling those who were learned in the Laws for Assistants therein Of which amongst many others we have a memorable president in the Pleas of Mich. 53 54 H. 3. rot 37. in the case of Assise of Mortdauncester brought by Alexander King of Scots against Iohn de Burgo for the Mannor of Westlye with its appurtenances before G. de Preston and other Justices in Eyre who determining nothing therein thereupon King Hen writ to the Justices to proceed to a speedy determination or else to adjourn it coram Nobis et Consilio nostro in Quindena Michaelis which they did When the King of Scots appearing by his Attorney and Iohn de Burgo in person before S. de Litlebyr Sociis suis Iusticiariis de Banco Rich de Middleton then the Kings Chancellor Thomas Basset Robert Augulon and Mr. Richard Staneâ— they resolved that the writ of Mortdancester would not lie in that case claiming both as heirs to one Ancestor but because the King of Scots title to it was as heir to Margaret wife of Hubert de Burgo they said to Iohn de Burgo that he should shew cause Quare praedictus Rex Scotiae praedictuÌ„ Manerium habere non debeat And so much touching the Counsils power and jurisdiction in former times Whose excessive power in later ages incroaching upon the Ordinary Courts of Justice Freeholds Liberties Properties of the Subjects to their great oppression and vexation thereupon in the late Parliament of 16 Caroli Cap. 10. there was an excellent Act made For Regulating the Privy Counsill and for taking
Henry la Warre 12 14 H. 4. 1 H. 5. William Westbury 5 7 9 10 13. 18 20 23 H. 6. Iohn de Westcote 6 d. 17. E. 2. William de Weston 17 19 E. 2. 2 d. 23. 31. E. 3. Philip de Willoughby Decan Lincoln 23 d. 9. Cancell Scac. Regis 28 d. 3. 17. 30 d. 9 10. 32 E. 1. Richard de Willoughby Willughby 3 d. 19. 4 d. 19. 41. 5. d. 7. 25. 6 d. 9 10 30. 7 8 9 10 d. 1. 5. 11 d. 11. 40. 12 13 d. 1. 28. 14 d. 23. 33. 20 22 d. 7. 32. 23 24 25 26 31 d. 2. 21 E. 3. Robert de Wodehouse 14 d. 5. 23. 15 16 E. 2. Archidiac Richmond 3 d. 19. Thesaurarius Regis 4 d. 19. 41. 5 d. 7. 25. 12 13 d. 1. 28. 14 d. 23. 33. 16 17 E. 3. William de Wychyngham 42 43 44 47 49 50 E. 3. 1 2 R. 2. Magister Gerrard de Wyspanes Archidiac Richmond 2â— d. 9. 28 E. 1. X WIlliam Yelverton 23 25 27 28 29 31. 33 38 Miles 49 H. 6 1 2 6 9 E. 4. Magister Thomas Younge 34 d. 4. 36 37. Offic. Cur. Cancellar 39 42 43 44 47 49 E. 3. Thomas Younge 49 d. 6. â— 6. 6 9 E. 4. Z MAgister William de la Zousche Decanus Ecclesiae beatae Mariae Ebor. Thesaurarius Regis 11 d. 11. 12 13 d. 1. 28. 14 d. 23. 33. E. 3. Where the Dorses are for brevity omitted in any years of this or any the precedent Tables after a particular name you may readily find them in the precedent Sections in the writs to the Prelats Temporal Lords and Counsil which are all entred together in the self-same Rolls and Dorses when they all occurr General useful Observations on and from the precedent Writs of Summons mentioned in the premised Sections and the 7. Sections next ensuing in the second part following them HAving thus presented you with 3 distinct Sections or Squadrons of Writs of Summons to our Parliaments Great Councils and Convocations issued to Arch-bishops Bishops Abbots Priors and other Ecclesiastical Lords the P. of Wales Dukes Earls Barons Temporal Lords and great men of the Realm the Kings Counsil Iustices with some useful particular Observations on them in each Section I shall for a close of this first part of my breif Register Kalender and Survey of them superadd some general necessary Observations on and Conclusions from them and the 7. next following Sections which I intended to have annexed to this first part of my Register but now shall reserve for the second for the further information of the Readers the benefit of Posterity and rectifying some Oversights in sundry printed trivial Discourses of our English Parliaments First From the manifold rare delightful Varieties Forms Diversities and distinct kinds of Writs of Sommons transcribed out of the Clause Rolls in a Chronological method Vaâ—ied from time to time by our Kings their Chancellors Counsellors and Officers who formed them as there was occasion without the privity or direction of their Parliaments before the Statutes of 7. H. 4. c. 15. 6. H. 6. c. 4. 8. H. 6. c. 7. 23. H. 6. c. 11. 15. which ordered some new clauses to be inserted only into the VVrits for Election of Knights of Shires and none else for preventing and rectifying abuses in such elections but prescribed no set unalterable future formâ— for those or any other Writs of Sommons leaving the King and his Counsil at Free Liberty as before to vary and alter them as they saw just cause The Judicious Readers may clearly discern what little credit is to be given to Reverend Sir Edward Cookes obâ—ervation in his slight discourse Touching the VVrits of Sommons of Parliament which are to be found in the close Rolls from time to time Which begins thus Aâ—d it is to be Observed that the substance of the VVrits ought to continue in their Original Essence without any Alteration or Addition unlesse it be by Act of Parliament For if Original VVrits at the Common Law can receive no Alteration or Addition but by Act of Parliament A multo Fortiori The Writs of the Sommons of the Highest Court of Parliament can receive no Alteration or Addition but by Act of Parliament c. But had this great Oracle of the Law diligently considered the manifold varieties of the Writs of Sommons to Parliaments With their several Alteraions and Additions made from time to time upon emergent occasions without any Act or Order of Parliament Or had he remembred old Bractons and his own distinction of these two different sorts of Original VVrits in the places he refers us to in his margin viz. Brevia Originalia quaedam sunt formata sub suis casibus de cursu De communi Concilio totius Regni concessa et Approbata quae quadem Nullatenus mutari poterint absque consensu et voluntate â—orum quaedam Magistralia et saepe variantur secundum varietatem casuum factorum et quaerelarum and that by the Masters and Clarks of the Chancery themselves according to the variety of every Mans case as himself and the Statute of VVestm 2. c. 23. resolve us without any Act or common consent in Parliament And then judiciously pondered that Writs of Sommons to Parliaments are all of this latter kind only Migistraliâ— and frequently varied according to the several varieties of the causes Publick grievances Dangers Emergences Businesses Complaints occasioÌ„ing their Sommoning expressed usually in these Writs different Prologues he would certainly never have made such a strange erronious Observation as this upon these Writs contradicted by so many Presidents on record in all former ages nor alleaged such a pittiful mistaken Argument a multo Fortiori and such Authorities to justifie it Which diametrically contradict both his reason and observation the Writs of Sommons being all of them Magistralia not Formata sub suis Casibus as the miserably mistook them to be Therefore if such Magistral Writs are ofâ—â—imes varied according to the variety of cases facts and complaints in particular mens cases by the Clerks of Chancery and Cursitors themselves without Act of Parliament a multo fortiori may Writs of Sommons to Parliaments of the self same kind which concern the great weighty affairs of the King Kingdom and Church of England be varied altered by the King himself with the Advise of his Great Officers Judges Council according to the variety of emergent occasions requiring Parliaments to be called without any Act or consent of Parliament authorizing it notwithstanding Sir Edwards groundlesse Assertion to the contrary though prefaced with and it is to be observed as I conceive it will henceforth be for a great mistake although formerly believed as an undoubted Truth upon his Ipse dixit whose venerable reputation hath canonized many of his Apochryphal conceipts which have dangerously seduced most Students and Professors of the Law with others who peruse his Institutes for whose better Information and Vindication of
yet for preventing the misunderstanding of posterity and of strangers and for satisfying the scruples of others not acquainted with the nature of this Treaty and the manner of their proceedings which may arise upon their comming into England and their treating in time of Parliament That neither by our treaties with the English nor by seeking our Peace to be established in Parliament nor any other action of ours do wee acknowledge any dependence upon them or make them Iudges to us or our Laws or any things that may import the smallest prejudice to our Liberties But that wee come in a free and brotherly way by our Informations to remove all doubts that may arise concerning the proceedings of our Parliament and to joyn our endeavours in what may conduce for the peace and good of both Kingdomes no otherwise than if by occasion of the Kings Residence in Scotland Commissioners in the like Exigence should be sent thither from England Thirdly It is point-blank against the solemn League and Covenant ratified and confirmed in the most sacred and publick manner The 3 Article whereof taken with hands lifted up to heaven and subscribed by the Parliaments of both Kingdomes and all others well-affected in both Realms doth thus preserve the distinct Priviledges of the Parliaments of both Realms in these words We shall with the same sincerity reality and constancy in our several vocations endeavour with our estates and lives mutually to preserve the Rights and Priviledges of the Parliaments and the Liberties of the Kingdomes of England and Scotland which are likewise distinguished from each other in every other Article the Prologue and Conclusion of the League and Covenaâ—t and all Ordinances that confirm it 4. As if this were not sufficient it is directly contrary to the Declaration of the Commons of England assembled in Parliament 17 April 1646. of their true intention inviolably to maintain the Ancient and Fundamental Government of the Kingdome by King Lords and Commons the Government of the Church securing the people against all arbitrary Government and maintaining a right understanding between the two Kingdomes of England and Scotland according to the Covenant and Treaties To the Commons printed Answers to the Scots Commissioners Papers 28 of November 1646. Yea to the Lords and Commons Houses joynt Declaration the 29. of Iune 1646. In all which they do professedly declare assert argue resolve the absolute Independency distinct Rights Iurisdictions of the Kingdomes and Parliaments of England and Scotland from the very Articles of the solemn League and Covenant and Treaties between both Kingdomes and other Evidences grounds reasons positively asserting That the Parliament and Kingdome of England is and ought to bee the sole and proper Iudge of what may bee for the good of this Kingdome and that the Kingdome and Parliament of Scotland neither have nor ought to have any joynt-concurrent share or interest with them therein nor right of joynt-exercise of interest in disposing the person of the King in the Kingdome of England And that the self-same liberty and priviledge alwaies had been admitted and ever shall bee carefully and duly observed by them and the Parliament and Kingdome of England to the Kingdome and Parliament of Scotland in all things that concern that Kingdome And that it was not the intention of the Lords and Commons in the Parliament of England nor of the Commissioners of the Parliament of Scotland in sending Propositions to the King in the name and in the behalf of both Kingdomes by joynt-consent that any construction should be made therefrom as if either Kingdome had any interest in each others Propositions or in the Legislative Power of each other concerning any of the said Propositions but that it remaineth distinct in each Kingdome and Parliament respectively And that notwithstanding any joynt-proceedings upon the said Propositions either Kingdome hath power of themselves to continue repeal or alter any Law that shall be made upon the said Propositions for the good and government of either Kingdome respectively And both Houses did therein declare that they are fully resolved to maintain and preserve inviolable the solemn League and Covenant and the Treaties between the Kingdomes of England and Scotland Now the calling and incorporating of Scotish and Irish Peers Knights Citizens and Burgesses into the Parliaments of England as Members Voters Legislators together with the English to oblige both England Scotland and Ireland against the ancient unquestionable distinct fundamental Rights Priviledges of the Kingdomes Parliaments people both of England Scotland and Ireland all whose Parliaments Rights Priviledges Liberties will be totally subverted by it as well as our English is so contradictory so repugnant to and inconsistent with all and every of these recited Acts Ordinances Declarations clauses of the solemn League and Covenant to the Great Charter of King Iohn all ancient Writs of Summons to English Irish or Scotish Parliaments all Acts for Electing Knâ—ghts Burgesses and concerning Parliaments formerly established in all these three Kingdomes as distinct that no conscientious Heroick Englishman Scot or Inhabitant of Ireland who cordially affects the honour maintenance preservation of his own native Countries Kingdomes or Parliaments fundamental Rights Priviledges Liberties or makes conscience of violating the Articles of this solemn League and Covenant hee hath formerly taken and subscribed in the presence of Almighty God Angels and Men with this protestation wee shall not suffer our selves directly or indirectly by whatsoever combinatien perswasion or terror to be divided or withdrawn from it either by making defection to the contrary part or by giving our selves to a detestable indifferency or neutrality but shall all the daies of our lives constantly continue therein against all opposition and promote the same according to our Power against all Lets and Impediments whatsoever and this wee shall do in the sight and presence of Almighty God the searcher of all hearts with a true intention to perform the same as wee shall answer the contrary at the great day when the secrets of all hearts shall be disclosed can ever in conscience justice reason policy or prudence submit thereto but is bound to oppose and resist with all his power for the premised Reasons 6. Because the proportioning and distribution of the thirty persons to be elected for Scotland and the thirty others for Ireland and incorporating of these sixty Scotish and Irish Knights Citizens and Burgesses into the Parliaments of England was not projected effected approved ratified by the free full and joynt-consents of the respective Parliaments of England Scotland and Ireland but onely by about twenty or thirty Army-Officers in a private Cabinet Conventicle at Whitehall without yea against their privities and consents by their Instrument of Government which they then published 16 Decemb 1653. Artic. 9 10 11. having not the least shadow of any Legal Power or Authority to oblige our 3 distinct Kingdomes Nations Parliaments much less to subvert and abolish them by new melting them into
grateful acceptance of these First-fruits with all convenient speed communicate to the World in A Second Part. After which I shall in two or more distinct Volumes present unto publick view several other kinds of Writs relating to the Parliaments Great Councils Convocations and Clergy of England to all sorts of proceedings in them Criminal or Civil the assessing levying of the expences of Knights Citizens and Burgesses of Parliament of Dismes Quidismes Aids Subsidies Customs Imposts granted by them with the disposing releasing of them the defence of the Realm by Land or Sea in times of danger the proclaming observing of the Great Charters Laws and Liberties of England and of Acts and Ordinances of Parliament newly enacted with sundry other Rarities which all former Writers of our English Parliaments have either totally omitted or but briefly touched and that very slightly though of excellent use and most necessary to be insisted on for the information of their Readers and benefit of Posterity Not to detain you with any longer Preface I shall now leave you to the perusal of this First Part distinct from those Parts I intend shall follow it if embraced with that respect affection and desire as it may justly expect and hope for from the Nobility Gentry Lawyers Antiquaries and Heralds of the English nation But if slighted vilified neglected like old Almanacks or fashions grown quite out of use and request though meer Novelties in their discovery communication to the world hitherto unacquainted with them I shall then resolve to cast no more such precious ancient Pearls and Rarities beâ—ore swine who wil neglect trample them under their feet but reserve them for my own private Cabinet use ornament benefit delight and such learned Friends to whom I shal hereafter bequeath them who will estimate them according to their true intrinsecal worth and prefer them before the most orient Pearls and Diamonds which are only for shew when as these are of greatest publick use and will be so esteemed in future generations how much soever slighted by the Athenians of this age who like the old ones Acts 17. 20 21. spend their tiâ—e in nothing else but to tell or hear some new thing preferring new Gloworms Ignes fatui and Prodigious Comets shining onely in the night before the Sun Moon and fixed Planets which ten thousand times outshine transcend them both in splendor magnitude use excellency and publick benefit It is Cicero his observation of old Solis exortus cursus occasus nemo admiratur propterea quod quotidie â—iunt at â—cclypses solis mirantur quia raro accidunt Nulla nisi rara aut admirabili re commovetur animus Which Seneca thus seconds Ita coÌ„positi sumus ut nos quotidiana etiam si admiratione digna sunt transeant contra minimarum quoque rerum si insolitae prodierunt spectaculum dulce fiat Hic quoque caetus astrorum quibus immensi corporis pulchritudo distringuitur populum non convocat sed cum aliquid ex more mutatum est omnium vultus in coelo est Nemo observat lunam nisi laborantem Tunc urbes clamant tunc pro se superstitione vana trepidant Quanta illa majora sunt quod Sol totidem gradus quotidie habet annum suo circuitu claudit quod à solstitio diem inclinat noctibus spacium dat quod sydera abscondit quod terras cum tanto major sit illis non urit sed calorem suum intentionibus remissionibus temperando fovet quod lunam nunquam implet nisi adversam sibi nec obscurat haec tamen non annotamus quamdiu ordo servatur Si quid turbatum est aut praeter consuetudinem emicuit spectamus interrogamus ostendimus Idem in comae is fit c. Adeo naturale est nova magis quaÌ„ magna mirari w ch is in truth both the sin folly of our present fantastick childish age affecting studying delighting admiring nothing but Novelties as well in Theology all kinds of Arts Sciences publick Government and Parliaments themselves as â—â—ell as Fashions or Apparel though never so prodigious Heterodox ridiculous or destructive But however vertiginous Scepticks and fantastick Gallants having more hair than brains are wholly enamored infatuated with New-Nothings yet all judicious Christians Lawyers Statesmen with holy and prudent King David a man after Gods own heart will consider the dayes of old the years of ancient times And according to Gods own precept stand in the wayes and see and ask for the old paths where is the good way and walk therein that they may find ease for their souls Concluding with holy Iob with the ancient is wisdom and understanding And with our Saviours own resolution wherwith I shall close up this Epistle No man having drunk old wine straitway desireth new for he saith THE OLD IS BETTER Which is the experimental resolution of Your unfeined Friend and Servant as well in relation to private as publick good WILL. PRYNNE From my Study in Lincolns Inne Ian. 26. 1658 1659. A Brief Register Kalendar and Survey of the severall kinds of all Parliamentary Writs with usefull Observations on them THat all Great Councils of State Parliaments Synods Convocations held in England under the British Saxon Danish Norman English Kings successively reigning therein were summoned by their Royal Writs precepts and held by their Authority alone is a Truth irrefragable which I have elswhere abundantly evidenced by Histories and Records though all the Writs whereby they were summoned till the reign of King Iohn be no where extant being consumed by the all-devouring jawes of time The Writs of Summons to Parliaments and Great Councils of State being the Corner-stones whereon they are founded and best discovering the causes ends for which they were summoned instead of that Folio Register of them at large which I once intended to have published I shall present you only with a Brief Register and Kalendar of some of the antientest and rarest of them full of excellent variety and delight and such Observations on and from them as may best instruct the Readers rectify the mistakes of some pretended Antiquartes who have written of our English Parliaments writs of summons to them and supply their defects especially concerning the several forms and various kinds of Parliamentary writs which they have rather touched than handled being all very maimed and incompleat in this particular To avoid Confusion I shall Marshall these Writs into several Squadrons according to the quality of the persons to whom they were directed and that in a Chronological Series digesting them into distinct Sections beginning with those issued out to our Archbishops Bishops Abbots Priors and Spiritual Lords or Barons of the Realm SECTION I. Concerning Writs of Summons to Parliaments Great Councils Convocations issued out to Archbishops Bishops Abbots Priors and other Ecclestastical Barons of the Realm who were Peers and Members of our Parliaments THe first writ of Summons to
Parliament of this of any other kind extant in History or Record that I have seen is in the 6. year of King Iohn running in this Form of words Mandamus vobis Rogantes quatenus omni occasione dilatione postposita sicut nos honorem nostrum diligitis sitis ad nos apud London die Dominica proxima ante Ascensionem Domini nobiscum tractaturâ— de magnis arduis negotiis nostris Communi regni utilitate Quin super his quae à Rege Franciae per nuncios nostros suos nobiâ— mandatae sunt unde per Dei gratiam bonum speramus provenire vestrum expedit habere consilium et alioruÌ„ Magnatum terrrae nostrae quos ad diem illum locum feâ—imus convocari Vos â—tiam ex parte nostra vestra Abbâ—tes Priores Conventuales totius Diocaesis citari faciatis ut Concilio praeâ—icto intersint sicut diligunt nos communem regni utilitatem T. c. The 2. writ of this kinde extant on Record is that in 26 H. 3. Henricus c. venâ—rabili in Christo patri Walâ—ero Eboracensi Archiepiscopo salutem Mandamus vobis quatenus sicut nos honorem nostrum paritèr vestrum diligi tis in fide qua nobis temmini omnibus aliis negotiis omissis sitis ad noâ— apud London à die sancti Hillarii in XV dies ad tractandum nobiscum una cum caeâ—eris magnatibus nostris quos similiter fecimus convocarâ— de arduis negotiis nostris statum nostrum totius Regni nostri specialitèr tangentibus hoc nullatenus omittatis T. me ipso apud Windlesoram XIV die Decembris There are some writs directed to the Archbishops and Bishops in 38 H. 3. which seem much like a writ of Summons of the Clergy to a Convocation which I shall here insert Claus. An. 38 H. 3. m. 7. dorso Rex R. Cantuar. Archiepâ—scopo totius Angliae Primati salutem Cum Rex Castellae nullo jure sed potentiae sua confisus terram nostram Wasconiae cum multitudine Christianorum et Saracenorum in aestate prox futura hostiliter sit ingressurus prout alias vobis significavimus quam quidem terram in tanto periculo constitutam contra tam potentem Principem sine communi Regni nostri Angliae auxilio defendere non valemus dolentes si regnum praedictum quod inter caeteros mundi Principatus probitate gentium florere soleâ— propter virium impotentiam aut segnitiem propriam suis viribus destitutum succumâ—eret Paternitaâ—em vestram omni qua possumus affectione rogamus quatenus Nos et jura nostra taliter indeâ—ensa non deserentes cum omni celeritate convocetis coram vobi Capitulum vestrum Cathedrale Archidiaconos viros religiosos et Clerum vobis subjectum Inducentes eos modis omnibus quibus poteritis quod Nobis in tanta necessitate liber â—â—â—ter subveniant et gratiose ad praedictae terrae nostrae defensionem quod in ipsorum honorem verteâ—ur sempiternum cum ex contrario hujus negotii eventu non tantum nobis sed singulis regni nostri personarum et rerum dampnum manifeste immineat periculosum Proviso quod aliqui viri discreti ex parte praedictorum certificent CONSILIUM NOSTRUM apud Westm. in quindena Pasch prox futur de modo et quantitate subsidii memorati Salvis nobis promissionibus tunc solvendis ibidem a viris religiosis vestrae Diocaesis nobis factis in quindena sancti Hilarii prox praeteriti Et quia ordinariam Jurisdictionem exerceatis vacante sede in Episcopatu Lincoln vos requirimus affectuose quatenus Officialibus vestris ejusdem Episcopatus sciaâ—is attente quod tempestive convocent coram eis Capitulum Cathedralis Lincoln Archidiaconos viros religiosos Clerum ejusdem Episcopatus ad certos diem locum Inducentes eos modis omnibus quod in hac necessitate nostra consimilem Nobis faciant subventionem et quod certificent CONSILIUM NOSTRUM apud Westm. in praedicta Quindena Pasch. per viros discretos ejusdem Episcopatus de modo quantitate praedicti subsidii Salvis nobis promissionibus a viris religiosis praedicti Episcopatus nobis factis in quindena sancti Hillaerii prox praeteriti sicut praedictum est In cujus c. T. A. Regina nostra R. Com. Cornub. fratre nostro apud Windlesor 11 die Febr. Eodem modo mandatum est Archiepiscopo Eborum singulis Episcopis totius Angliae Officialibus Bathon Wellen Episcopi nulla facta mentione de Episcopatu Linc. This writ is no summons either to a Parliament Council or Convocation of the Clergy as it may seem to some men but a special writ directed to the Archbishops and Bishops in their several Diocess to summon their Chapters Archdeacons Clergy and the religious persons in their respective Diocesse before them and to excite them to a free voluntary and liberal contribution to supply and â—elieve the Kings necessities for the defence of Gasâ—â—igâ— against the intended invasion of the King of Castell as the whole frame thereof demonstrates and their several certificates of the manner and quantity of their aids and the sums they would contribute in this necessity required to be certified from every Bishoprick and Dioceâ—s to the Kings Council at Westminster by certain discreet men with distinct promises by religious persons mentioned therein do manifest beyond contradiction Every Bishop with the Clergy and religious in every distinct Diocesse being to meet and act apart herein by themselves and not summoned to meet all together to advise and resolve concerning this aid requested from them Therefore though a writ fit to be inserted into this Register yet I shall not enumerate it amongst the writs of summons to a Parliament Councel or Convocation The 3. Writ is that of 49 H. 3. Henricus Deâ—gratia Rex Angliâ—e Dominus Hiberniae Dux Aquitaniae veneraâ—ili in Christo paâ—ri R. E. piscopo Dunelmensi salutem Cum post gravia turbationum discrimina dudum habita in regno nostro Carissimus filius Edwardus primogenitus noster pro pace in Regno nostro assâ—curanda firmanda obses traditus extitisset jam sedata Benèdictus Deus turbatione praedicta super deliberatione ejusdem salubritèr providenda plena securitate tranquillitate pacis ad honorem Dei utilitatem totius Regni nostri firmanda totaliter complendaâ— ac super quibusdam aliis Regni nostri negotiis quae sine Consilio vestro et aliorum Praelatorum et Magnatum nostrorum nolumus expediri cum eisdem tractatum habere nos oporteat Vobis mandamus Rogantes in fide dilectione quibus nobis tenemini quod omni occasione postposita et negotiis aliis praetermissis sitis ad nos Londoniis in octabis sancti Hillarii proximo futuris nobiscum et cum praedictis Praelatis Magnatibus nostris quos ibidem vocari fecimus super praemissis tractaturiet