Moone whereupon the Turke diuerted his ordinance from thence the Citizens kept their word In this Citty are yet to be seene the ancient ruines of a goodly Basilique erected by Charles the great in honour of S. Peter Henry the first Duke of Austria founded herein an Abby to the vse of the Scottes Richard the first surnamed Ceur de Lyon king of England being by Lupoldus Duke of Austria taken prisoner about the yeare 1192. in a small village neere to Vienna called Erdpurge as he returned from the holy land was enforced by the sayde Duke if their owne Chronicles be true to enuiron this cittie with a new wall which included the former About that time also was therin an Empory for marchāts constituted wherby the citizens increasing dayly in wealth obtayned of the Emperour Fredericke the 2. liberty and were adorned with the emperiall Armes and numbred among the free towns of the Empire THE VNIVERSITIES of the Low Countries Louaine LOuaine one of the fower townes of the Marquisate of the sacred Empire is the principall and mother of all the townes in Brabant and maketh the first member of the third estate of that Prouince It is builded in figure round contayning fower miles compas within the walles and sixe in circumference without among many other beautifull and sumptuous aedifices therein the church of S. Peter and the publike pallace are wrought with greatest magnificence and most curious arte It was called Louaine as some say from the Dutch word Louen which signifyeth to praise or honor because the Idoll Mars was there helde in time of Paganisme in great honor and estimation This towne is situated neare to the riuer Dele the houses and streetes thereof are not closely compacted together but wide open and scatteringly builte by which meanes there are within the same many fayre gardens valleis mountaines medowes springes and vines the land about this towne is pleasant and fruitefull and the ayre temperate for which cause our auncesters not without great iudgement and discretion chose out this place as most fitte for the habitation of the Muses We finde written in the Chronicles of Colen that Iohn Duke of Brabant obtayned of Pope Martin the fift the approbation of an Vniuersitie in this Cittie that letters and good discipline beganne there publikely to be taught about the yeare 1426. Afterwards Pope Eugenius the 6 licensed therein the profession of Theologie This Academy in processe of time by the bounty and magnificence of Popes Emperours Kinges Cardinals and Bishops whereof some graunted thereto ample priueledges and prerogatiues some erected therein stately and magnificent Colledges others bequethed to the same for the vse of the students goodly landes and legacies is now growne to that higth of glory and celebrity that it worthily hath vsurped the name of a most flourishing Academy and renowned Empery of learning Iohannes Goropius affirmeth that no Vniuersity of Italy France or Germany may with this bee compared for pleasant ayre and delectable walkes And that although Salamanca in Spaine farre excelleth all other Christian Academies in magnificent and sumptuously builded Colledges yet it is farre inferior to Loucine for the delightsome and beautifull situation thereof Pope Adrian the 6. erected in Louaine whereof himselfe had beene Rector and Chancelor a goodly colledge for studentes and professors of Diuinity Charles the fift Emperour of Germany and Philip the second king of Spaine did extend the vttermost of their endeuors to encrease amplifie and a dorne this royall Vniuersity In it are for the vse of the studentes 20 Colledges the principall whereof are fiue Lilium Castrum Porcus Falco Trilingue This Cittie is the first that receiueth and giueth oath to the Prince It was sometimes an Eatledome but in the yeare 1247. Henry the second of that name Earle of Louaine deceasing Henry his successor vsurped the title of Duke of Brabant Douay DOuay is a good and strong town in Flanders Gallicant one mile distant from Cambray It was founded as some write by one Arcanalkus in the yeare of our Lorde 500. it is now a Chasteleny hauing iurisdiction ouer a good country and a great number of villages it is accommodated with many fountaines and adorned with many fayre sumptuous aedifices the manner and forme of building therein is an inuincible argument of the great antiquitie thereof In this Cittie not long since was erected a famous Vniuersitie by Philip late king of Spaine and authorised with the priuiledges of Louaine where Theologie Philosophy and the inferior artes are learnedly professed At Douay is a staple of corne brought thether out of sondry regions wherof as also of diuerse other marchandizes in this cittie is great traffique Leige LEige is a citty fayre and large comprehending within the walles thereof many hils vallies riuers and vine groundes which Philip de Comines Lorde of Argenton accounteth to containe in circuite foure Italian miles and maketh it in circumference equall with Rouen It is situated on the side of the riuer Mouse which entreth into it with 2 branches and maketh therein many pleasant Isles all which are frequented and enhabited Many other little riuers passing through this towne doe clense the streetes thereof namely the Leige from which riuer the cittie is thought to haue receiued her name Also three litle brookes Vte Vese Ambluar all three replenished with exceeding store of excelēt fish especialy Vte wherin are taken certaine delicate fishes named by the inhabitants Vtins these people speake a kinde of barbarous French and are of the Frenchmen called Ligeois of the Germans Lutticherne and Luicknarren Leige is a cittie imperiall but their tenure is onely to furnish the Emperour with some few men at armes in his wars against the Turke The Bishop thereof is Lord spirituall both of the towne and countrie but the people haue so large priueledges that they liue almost in perfect liberty and freedome Their appeales spirituall go to Collen The Archbishop thereof is their Primate and from thence to Rome Their temporall appeales goe to the Emperiall chamber at Spire In this Citie flourished in times passed a most famous and renowned Academie wherein as Hubert Thomas writeth were studentes at one time the children of 9. kings 24. Dukes 29. Earles besides the sons of many Barons and gentlemen This worthy vniuersitie by the iniurie of time often subuersion of the citie it is at this day decaied and almost vtterly extinguished onely some triuiall schooles for the institution of youth in the inferior studies are there remayning In this cittie are 8. collegiall Churches the Canons whereof are inestimable rich and held of the citizens in great reuerence and reputation especially the Canons of the Collegiall Church of S. Lambert the patron of the towne who are ioyned with the Bishop in gouernment of the state and haue so great libertie that they may at pleasure giue ouer their places and marrie before they haue taken the
of S. Radegunde which Monastery being destitute of gouernement the aedifices fallen in decay the goodes and ornaments of the Church wasted the lands diminished and in conclusion a small number of Nuns left being but two whereof the one ready to depart and the other an infant were brought into such pouerty that they were not able to relieue themselus and therefore forced to depart they left the house desolate whereupon Iohn Alcote the 29. Bishop of Ely obtayned licence of king Henry the 7. in the yeare 1497. to founde in the place thereof a colledge for 6. fellowes and 6. schollers the rentes whereof being afterward at seuerall times much amplified by fondry benefactors it now maintayneth one Maister 17. Fellowes and as many schollers Christes Colledge was first begunne by king Henry the 6. and after his decease brought to perfection by the Lady Margaret Countesse of Richmonde and Derby daughter and heire of Iohn Duke of Somerset and mother of king Henry the 7. in a place where sometime stoode the Colledge of Gods house which colledge because it neuer was fully finished shee obtayned of the king her sonne his charter dated the first day of Maye in the 20. yeare of his raigne and the yeare of our Lord 1505. to encrease the number of students there translating it according to her disposit on It sustaineth at this day one Maister thirteen Fellows fifty nine schollers and fifteene Sisers The same Lady Margaret Countesse of Richmond procured licence of her Nephew king Henry the eight to conuert into a colledge in the honour of S. Iohn the Euangelist a certain house of religious persons which first was an Hospitall of regular Canons founded by Nigellus the second Bishop of Ely 1134 and translated from that order many yeares after by Hugh Balsam Bishoppe of Ely The said Lady departing out of this world before that princely worke of hers was fullie finished gaue in charge the performance thereof to her Executors Richard Foxe Bishoppe of VVinchester Iohn Fisher Bishop of Rochester Charles Somerset L. Herbert after created Earle of VVorcester Sir Thomas Louel Sir Henry Marney and Sir Iohn S. Iohn Knightes Henry Horneby and Hugh Ashton clearkes who wel discharged the trust committed vnto them and faithfully did execute the will of the deceased Lady it maintayneth at this day one Maister fifty one Fellowes seauentie Schollers and nine Sisers Edwarde Duke of Buckingham comming to Cambridge in the yeare of our Lord 1519. and remayning there the space of certaine dayes conuerted a certain house builded for Monks of fondry Abbyes sent to the Vniuersity to studie into a colledge and builded thereto a hall At length after the generall suppression of Monasteries Thomas Audley Baron of VValden and Chancelor of England endowing the same with lands and possessions by act of Parliament and charter of king Henry the eight in the 3â— year of his raign became sole founder thereof committing the same vnto the tutele protection of S. Marie Magdalen in the yeare of our Lord 1â—42 but being preuented by suddaine death before hee could bring to passe what hee intended he left his colledge vnperfect and vnfinished so that at this day there are therein sustained onelie one Maister fiue Fellowes and one Bibleclearke Trinity Colledge was first founded and erected by the king of famous memory Henry the eight the royall Father of our gratious Soueraigne Queene Elizabeth in the yeare of our Lorde 1546. the 20. day of Ianuary the Kinget hall S. Michaels house and Phisicke Ostle were ioyned together for the better sustentation and aide of so noble an enterprise and worke to endure for euermore which Colledge doth at this present flourish with one Maister 60. Fellowes 62. schollers 4. Chaplaines 13. Sisers 24. poore Almesmen 6. singing men one Maister of the Choristers 10. Choristers three Readers one of Diuinity another of Greeke and a thirde of Hebrew Emanuel Colledge was lately founded on the house groundes of the Dominicke Fryers in the Preachers streete at the cost and charges of Sir Walter Mildmay knight Chancelor Vnder Treasurer of the Exchequer one of the Priuie Councell to our Soueraigne Ladie Queene Elizabeth about the year 1584. The Vniuersities of Scotland IN Scotland onely are two priuiledged Academies whereof the most ancient and best knowne is S. Andrewe erected in the yeare after our Sauiours incarnation 1411 the other is Aberdon instituted by VVilliam Elphinstone Bishop of Aberdone in the yeare of our Lorde God 1480. vnder the raigne of Iames the third of that name king of Scots FINIS Colonia Agrippina What a Colonie is Colen reedified and so named by the Romaines The coÌ„uersion of Colen vnto Christian religion The first erection of the Vniuersitie The vnâ—uersity in Colen consisteth of foure parts The office of the Rector or president of the Academy The Colledges for students in Colen Collegium Montanum Collegium LaurentianuÌ„ Collegium nouum Coronarum Schola trilinguis Three thinges wherewith Colen is chiefly adorned The flourishing estate of the clergie in Colen These are coÌ„monly called the 3. kings of Colen whose reliques were brought from Millan at the instance of Reinold Archbishop of Colen when that cittie was surprised by the Emperour Fredericke in the yeare 1165 The Archbishop of Colen a Prince elector The flourishing estate of Colen much hindered by ciuill dissention Engelbertus Archbishop of Colen murdered by Earle Fredericke Earle Fredericke put to death A battaile fought betwixt the citizens Cleargie for the gouernment of the Citie wherein the citizens preuailed A generall councell held at Colen Euphrata an Arrian hereâ— tike condemned Basilia Basiâ—l diuided by the Rheine into two parts Sundry opinions concerning the etimologie of the name of Basill Basill destroyed by the Hunnes The erection of the vniuersitie in Basill The Charter of Pope Pius the second for the ratification thereof A generall councell held in Basill Erasmus Rot. buried Moguntia The situation of Ments A bridge built ouer the Rhein by Charles the great Ments destroied by Carocuâ— 7. Archbishops in Germany The Citie repaired by Dagobertus S. Boniface an Englishman Hatto deuoured with Rats Willigisus the first Archbishop that aspired to the Electorship Dietheruâ— founder of the Vniuersitie This councell decreed that men should belieue as an article of their faith that our Ladie was conceiued without sinne But this councell was not confirmed in anything it decreed quoad sidem vt pates in bulla Nicholai 5. The arte of printing first inuented in this Citie by Iohn Gutenberge Some say it first was inuented at Harlem in Holland and brought to perfection at Ments A generall Councell assembled at Ments Henry the 3. Emperour excommunicated by the Pope Herbipolis The originall of Wirtsburg The antiquity thereof Sundry opinions concerning the name thereof The situation of Wirtsburg The Bishopricke erected The Cathedrall Church founded The Domeherne A generall Councell assembled The institution of the Vniuersitie The Vniuersitie decâ—ied by ciuil
For which by record all clearkes saine the same Ofheresie Cambridge bare neuer blame But sundry other Historiographers there are which imagining this antiquitie to be somewhat too far fetched affirme that the vniuersitie of Cambridge was long since erected in the time of Sigebert king of England sixe hundred and thirtie yeares after our Sauiors incarnation Moreouer they auerre that the name of this cittie was not deriued from that Cantaber but rather froÌ„ a bridge builded ouer the riuer Came passing by the towne Which opinion seemeth not absurd because this riuer being in former ages knowne by the name of Grant old writers affirme that the cittie was in the Saxon tongue commonly called Grantbridge Whensoeuer this cittie first was founded or by whom soeuer the vniuersitie was first erected which matter I will referre to the discussion of more learned antiquaries since mine intent is onely to set downe such schooles colledges as the same at this day doth containe most certainely true it is for the antiquitie and worthinesse thereof it may at this time worthily contend with the most ancient flourishing vniuersities of the world In Cambridge besides many other sumptuous and fairely builded edifices as publique schooles for lectures churches and such like there are at this day to be seene 15. goodly Halles and Colledges In the yeare of our redemption 1284. during the raigne of king Edward the first Hugh Balsham the 15. Bishop of Ely builded Saint Peters colledge commonly called Peter-house in a place where before had beene two ostles of schollers of exceeding great antiquitie The which colledge at this day maintaineth one maister 15. fellowes fiâ—e Bibleclearkes and eight poore schollers Clare hall was first founded by one Richard Badew at that time Chancellor of the vniuersitie and was by him named Vniuersity hall howbeit afterward by the assistance of Gualler Thaxted maister of the same hall not without the assent of the said R. Badew it was Ann. 1347. 21. yeares after the foundation thereof resigned to the Lady Elizabeth de Burgo widdow sometime the wife of Iohn de Burgo or Burgh Earle of Vlster in Ireland daughter to Gilbert Clare carle of Gloster The which Lady by the licence of K. Edward the 3. established finished the same changing the name therof willed that for euer after it should in memory of her family from whence she was descended be called Clare Hall In the yeare from our Sauiors incarnation 1347. the Lady Mary of S. Paule wife to Adomarus de Valentia Earle of Pembroke obtained licence of K. Edw. the 3. whose kinswoman she was to lay in Cambridge the foundation of a colledge for the which she bought 2. mesuages named it Pembroke Hall It sustameth at this present 1. maister 24. fellowes 7. Bibleclearks Edmond Gunuiel parson of Terington in Norfolke in the 22. yeare of king Edward the 3. obtained a licence at the suite of Sir Gualter de Manney to erect a colledge in Cambridge in a place where old houses dayly ready to fall did stand the which he with his money purchased This Edmond Gunuiel hauing at his decease great store of coine coÌ„mitted it to the fidelity trust of William BatemaÌ„ Bishop of Norwich to finish bring to perfection the work which he in his life had begun whose will the Bishop most faithfully did execute and not sparing his owne coâ—ers did much augment and increase the same Long after in our time Iohn Caius a wise and learned professor in the arte of Phisicke hath made the same more ample and more famous as well by adding new buildings thereunto as by increasing the number of students therein In so much that by the Queeues letters pattents it was granted him to be written accounted a founder thereof and the house to be called Gunuiel Caius colledge The fraternitie and guilde of Corpus Christi and of blessed Mary in Cambridge Henry Duke of Lancaster being at that time Alderman of the same Guild founded Corpus Christi colledge in the 24. yere of the raign of K. Edward the 3. obtaining licence of the same king to appropriate vnto this colledge for euer the aduouson of S. Bennets church standing before their gate William Bateman Bishop of Norwich in the yeare of our Lord God 1353. founded in Cambridge a colledge for studentes of the law and enduing the same with lands and possessions in honour of the blessed Trinity would haue it called Trinitie Hall of Norwich by the rents and reuenewes whereof are at this day maintained one maister ten fellowes as many Bible clearks King Henry the 6. a man in his life time much giuen to deuotion and alwaies enclined to do good in the 19. yeare of his raigne laid in Cambridge the foundation of a goodly colledge in honor of our blessed Ladie S. Nicholas the which then consisted of one maister and 12. schollers Not long after in the 21. yeare of his raigne altering the forme of his first foundation he changed the name of Maister into a Prouost much increased the number of studentes King Edwarde the fourth by authoritie of the parliament in great displeasure withdrew from this colledge so much land as his Predecessor by the same authoritie had procured but being at last with dayly intreatinges perswaded and ouercome with importunitie restored againe vnto the same the yearely value of â—00 markes on condition that they would account him for their founder and that in his name all their suites and writinges should be made This Colledge as appeareth by sondry euident signes king Henry once had purposed to make one of the most beautifullest houses in this land the platforme whereof who so desireth more particularly to know he shall find the same in M. Stowes Chronicle in the life of Henry the sixt at large described Queene Margaret wife to Henry the 6. and daughter to Rheiner king of Sicilie and Ierusalem began first to lay the foundation of Queenes Colledge and obtayned licence of the king to purchase for the same landes and rentes to the valew of two hundred poundes by the yeare but leauing the same vnperfect Queene Elizabeth wife to Ed. the 4. obtayning licence of the K. brought the same to a perfect end this Colledge standeth in the parish of S. Botolph in a common grounde called Goosegreene which was to that vse purchased by one Andrew Ducket with money which he did get by begging of well disposed people Katherine Hall was founded by one Robert Woodlarke Doctor of Diuinity and Prouost of Kinges Colledge in Cambridge in the honour of S. Katherine Virgin and Martyr in the yeare 1475. the which king Edwarde the 4. did allow for him and his successors and by his letters Patentes did confirme it to endure for euer therein at this day are sustained and nourished one Maister six fellowes and one Bible clearke Iesu Colledge was of old time a Monastery of religious women
my opinion all doubtes touching this matter ought to be decided and all dissention taken away by this onely Epistle of Enaeas Siluius called afterward Pope Pius the second which in his owne words I haue here cited as followeth Dudum dum nos minor status haber et per multorum annorum curricula quibus grato incolatu in inclyta ciuitate Basiliensi potiti fuimus per euidentiam cognouimus quòd ciuitas ipsa vberrima ac inpartibus illis salubritate aeris ex quibuslibet vtilitatibus praeelecta nec non ad multiplicanda doctrinae semina germinaque falubria producenda apta accommoda existeret Propterea nos postquam ad summi apostolatus apicem prouecti sumus desiderantes ciuitatem praedictam ac illi adiacentem patriam diuini muneris largitate concessa inextinguibili sapientiae lumine illustrari easque sanis peritorum consiliis et maturitate fulciri generale studium in eadem ciuitate statuimus et ordinauimus inchoandum et tam in sacrapagina et vtroque ture quà m alia quauis licita facultate perpetuis temporibus vigere Datum Mantuae anno Dominicae incarnationis 1459. pridie Kalendarum Ianuarii Pontificatus nostri anno secundo In the yeare 1431. was a generall councell held in Basill vnder Pope Eugenius and Sigismunde the Emperour which was before summoned by Pope Martin the fifte for the extirpation of the Hussites and their heresies The bodie of Erasmus Roterodamus is vnto this citie no smal ornament who deceasing the yeare 1536. was there enterred Ments MEnts is a Citie of so great antiquitie that I cannot in any Chronicle or Antiquarie find any thing which I dare set downe for truth concerning the first foundation and originall thereof It is situated in a fruitful delectable countrey where the Moene descending out of Franconia falleth into the Rhene On which riuer there is no one citie bordering that hath so many monuments of antiquitie as Ments Among other things the huge Colossus of stone therein is most remarkable which was erected by Drusus sonne in law to Augustus Caesar waging war in Germanie and is called of the inhabitants Echelsteine from the forme and figure thereof which much resembleth an Acorne Charles the great in the yeare of grace 813. built in this place a mightie bridge of wood ouer the Rhene a thing so chargeable and difficult that it scarcely was in tenne yeares space with incredible labour and industrie brought to perfection which costly and laborious worke was not long after in three houres so consumed with fire that there remained not one pile thereof to be seene aboue the waters In the yeare 410. Carocus king of the Wandales hearkening to the detestable counsell of his damned mother razed to the ground many of the most noble citties in Germany among the which were Ments Spire Trier and Wormes for which impious fact not long after falling into the hands of his enemies the Frenchmen he suffered deserued punishment In former ages the Emperours of Germany constituted therein seuen Archbishoprickes whereof the first was Ments the 2. Collen the 3. Trier the 4. Magdeburge the 5. Saltspurge the 6. Breme and the last Riga in Leâ—fland The first Bishop of Ments is said to bee S. Crescentius a hearer and scholler of S. Paules In the time of Ruthardus the 14. Archbishop of this Cittie Dagobertus king of France did reedifie and fortifie this cittie ouerthrowne and laide waste by Attilas The 17. Archbishop of this place was S. Boniface an Englishman who gouerned that sea 35. yeares instructing the Germanes in Christian religion who was afterward martired in Friseland The 32. Archbishop thereof was Hatto who for causing certaine poore and innocent men to bee burned was by the iust iudgement of God prosecuted by a multitude of Rattes with such violence that hee at last was constrained to build in the middest of the Rheine a tower of stone whither he fledde thinking there to liue safe from the furie of these vermine which so continually haunted him but neither were those walles of sufficient strength to keepe them out neither could the violent course of waters betwixt him and the land asswage their fury wherefore in fine about the yeare 9â—9 he was by them deuoured The 34. Archbishop was Willigisus a Saxon borne and counsellor to the Emperour Otho the second This Bishoppe was alwaies wont to haue in his oratorie a painted wheele with this Motto or inscription Willigise memineris quid sis quid olim fueris which wheele was after giuen to the Archbishop of that sea for their armes by the Emperour Henry the second This Prelate built the faire and sumptuous Temple of S. Stephen wherein about the yeare 1011. himselfe was buried He was also the first of the Archbishops of Ments that aspired to the Electorship of the Empire Since whom his successors haue alwaies retained the place and dignity of the chief principall of the 7. Electors and are vntill this day high Chauncellors of Germanie Dietherus of Eisenburge was the 68. Archbishop of Ments chosen by the greatest parte of the Canons but against him was erected by Pope Pius Adolph Earle of Nassau from which schisme and intestine discord proceeded a ciuill warre whereby the Church of that place suffered irreparable losse and damages In fine Adolph obtained the possession gouerned thirteene yeares after whose decease Dietherus was restored and sate seuen yeares in which time he newly builded the castle from the ground By this Archbishop was the vniuersity first instituted and erected in the yeare 1482. wherein at the first beginning all artes in generall were professed But at this day onely that doctrine which concerneth the knowledge of God and our saluation I meane Theologie is there professed by the Iesuites which lately were admitted into this cittie by the reuerend father and renowned Prince Daniell the moderne Archbishop and Elector In the yeare 1501. a decree was by the superiors of that vniuersity enacted that no man whatsoeuer shold bee permitted to receiue any scholasticall degree or dignitie that did not according to the councell of Bafill rightly belieue of our blessed Ladies conception This Citie hath deserued no small praise and commendation of all Christendome for that ingenious most necessarie art of printing therein first inuented put in practise by the famous and worthy gentleman Iohn Gutenberge in the yeare 1459. by which meanes our Christian world hath recouered the works of sundry auncient fathers which were almost readie to suffer shipwracke and preserued sundry notable histories and discourses of most singularly learned men which had otherwise to the inestimable detriment of Christendome men being at this day for the most part giuen to ease and idlenes vndoubtedly beene suffered to lie hidden in eternall obscuritie In the 1118. in this cittie was held a generall councell vnto which an infinite number of Princes resorted to
the Iesuites which with great labour industry and diligence doe there professe the Arts. The manners of the inhabitantes are for the most parte sower and seuere their complexion inclining to Melancholy whereof Ausonius writeth among many other thinges in commendation of the Treuiri in this manner Quin etiam moreâ— laetum fronte seuera Ingenium natura suis concessit alumnis The ayre hereabout is commonly cloudy and often subiect to rayne wherefore the city in derision is vsually called Cloaca Planetarum Heidelberge HEidelberge is the metropolis of the Phaltes or Palatinacy of Rheine wherein the Phalsgraues or Countes Palatines continually holde their courtes and residence Some are of opinion that this cittie receiued his name from the colony of the Gentiles which in the German tongue are called Heyden Others there are which affirme that it should be written EÃ elberge that is to say a noble hill from the situation thereof which is on the side of a pleasant mountain from whence the Neccar springing descendeth into the playn and champion countries the land therabout is exceeding fruitfull and bringeth forth great store and plenty of wine oyle corne chestnuts and such like fruites This city together with the whole country adioyning is gouerned by the Rheingraues or Countes Palatines of Rheine who by succession doe hold the first chiefest place among the secular Electors of the Empire The first of the Palatines that aspired to that dignity was Sifridus who liued in the raigne of Otho the third this Emperour being well striken in yeares and hauing no issue to inherite the Emperiall Diademe after his decease desiring before his death to establish the Empire which he foresaw wold after his departure by the ambition of many competitors be much molested and endamaged by Ambassadors made earnest suite vnto the Pope that certaine princes might be ordayned constituted which should haue full power and absolute authority to elect the Roman Emperour vnto which his so lawfull and reasonable request the Pope condescending there were nominated 7. princes 3. spirituall that is to say the Archbishops of Ments Colen Trier and 4. temporall the king of Bohemia the Phaltsgraue of Rheine the Marquesse of Brandeburge the Duke of â—axony Sifridus therefore the Palatine being chosen amongst the rest liued not long after but deceased before he could make any benefite of his new authority In his place succeeded Henry his son by whose meanes Henry after called the holy the husband of his sister S. Kunegundis was chosen Emperour in the yeare of our Lord 1003. Rupertus the 10. Palatine of Rheine after the separation of the Dukedome of Bauaria from the Palatinacie receyuing the administration of the gouernment from his brother Adolphus a man of too small iudgement and weake vnderstanding to direct the helme of so great a charge erected in this citie an Vniuersity which in succession of time grew to be reckoned among the most worthy and famous Nurseries of the arts At the same time also that is to say in the year 1346. was by the same Earle founded a Church and Colledge of priestes in the newe towne wherein he lyeth buried The Abbot of Spanheyme discoursing of ecclesiasticall writers maketh mention of one Marsilius de Ingen whome some imagine to haue beene an Englishman as the first planter of this Academy Pope Vrban the sixt confirmed the same with the priueledges prerogatiues of Parise Many learned men hath this Academy fostered in our age sent into the world as Iohannes Dalburgius Rudolphus Agricola Iohannes Virdungus with many others which left behinde them sondrie monumentes of their greate wisedome and learning Also in this Vniuersity did that iudustrious and excellently learned scholler Sebastian Munster publikely professe the Hebrew tongue Tubinge TVbinge is a small citty in the Dukedome of Wirtenberge situated on the higher side of the Necchar and was in times past the principall seate and habitation of the Countes Palatines of Tubinge which now for the most parte reside in Leichtenecke a strong and goodly castell in Brisgewe not farre from Kentzigen In the yeare 1477. at the instance and most earnest entreaty of Eberhard the elder Earle of Wirtenberge and Mompelgard and his mother Mechâ—ildis the Pope licensed and authorized in this citty a generall profession of the liberall arts which Academy yet maintayneth well his place and dignity among the most learned and florishing Vniuersities of Germany Many excellent learned schollers haue issued from this Vniuersitie among the which most worthily may bee numbred Iohn Stoflerus a sage and profound Mathematician who did write a learned Treatise of Astronomy This cittie as I saide bordereth on the Necchar and lyeth in the middest of a most pleasant and fertile soyle which yeeldeth vnto the inhabitants wine corn and other necessarie prouisions in great plenty and aboundance The towne being before the erection of the Vniuersity therein in great want and pouerty and the houses meanely builded without eyther cost or curiousnes is now growne to that wealth and opulencie that for artificiall and well proportioned aedifices it may and not vnworthily be compared to the proudest cittie of the Germans It contayneth a magnificent most sumptuous Castell standing on the toppe of a mountayne strongly sortified beyond all credite and comparison Ingolestate INgolestate is a strong citty in the Dukedome of Bauaria lying neare vnto the Danon the greatest swiftest and most famous riuer of Christendome which passing with a violent current through Germany Hungary and Moldauia finally disgorgeth it selfe into the Euxine sea This cittie earst belonged to the Monastery of Altach and was by free gift deliuered vnto Lewes the last king of Bauaria since whose time it hath alwaies beene gouerned by his successors the Dukes of Bauaria and by little and little hath beene by them so mightily encreased that within those fifty yeares last passed what with the magnificence of the Dukes and priuiledges of the Popes it is become the most excellent and renowned Vniuersity of the vpper partes of Germany The Vniuersity was first instituted by Lewes the D. in the yeare of saluation 1471. and is at this day fauoured defended and mightily enriched by Aâ—bertus the moderne Duke thereof who hath builte therein not onely a peculiar colledge for the publique profession of Diuinity but also a fayre and goodly schoole for the education of youth wherein the Iesuites professe Rhetorique Philosophy and the Liberall Artes. Pope Pius the second adorned the same with many priuiledges and prerogatiues Straâ—o writeth that Bauaria is a region sterill desert and vnfruitfull which perchance in his time was so for want of being well inhabited assuredly at this day it is one of the most happie and plentifullest prouinces of Germany whence it commeth to passe that the studentes of Ingolestate are better accommodated and do liue with lesse expence then they well coulde in any other place of Christendome that
order of priesthood into this societie can no man be admitted that is not a gentleman or a Doctor or licentiate In this Church of Saint Lambert among diuers other rich iewels and reliques is to be seene a great image of Saint George on horsebacke all of pure gold which Charles Duke of Burgundie gaue for amendes of his rough handling this citie when he wan it by force Also in this towne are foure rich Abbeyes hauing euerie one a goodly librarie the principall whereof is the Abbey of S. Laurence there are three Nunneries and all the foure orders of Fryers some of the which haue two couentes There are 32. parish churches so many other chappels monasteries and hospitals within and without the towne that the whole number of Churches amounteth in all to one hundred Further in this citie are 32. companies which haue so great authoritie in the gouernment of the state that without their consent nothing can bee concluded or agreed on Ernestus Duke of Bauaria and Archbishop of Colen is at this day Bishop of that Sea The Bishopricke of Leige was first erected by Hubert sonne to Bertrand Duke of Aquitaine who being at Rome was made by the Pope Bishop of Maestricht in the place of Saint Lambert whome the people of Maestricht had murthered in the yeare 710. But he being come to take possession of this citie so much detested the inhabitants thereof for the foresaid impious and most haynous murther that he transported his Episcopall Sea to Liege and there built the Church of Saint Lambert and the Colledge afore mentioned all which he did with Pope Constantines consent about the yeare 713. and here at Liege he died and was after canonized for a Saint Since whome are numbred 57. Bishops of Leige The Bishop is chosen by the Chapter of S. Lambert confirmed by the people and lastly approued by the Pope He is not onely a Bishop but also a Prince of the Empire Duke of Buillon Marquesse of Francimont and Earle of Lootes and Hasbaine The reuenews of this Bishopricke are aboue 30000. Duckats by the yeare besides the beneuolence of his sâ—biectes which is a matter of no small importance if he vse them well and his spirituall iurisdiction and an infinite number of Prebends benefices and offices which he bestoweth at his pleasure Leiden LEiden is one of the sixe capitall Townes of Holland and chiefe of Rheineland situate in a flat and low countrey full of ditches and channels is beautified with many pleafant medows gardens arbors walks round about it Within it are enclosed 31. Ilands from one of the which to the other men go by boates and ouer and aboue these there are nine or ten other Ilands from the one of the which to the other bridges are built to passe ouer so that in this Towne are 145. bridges whereof 104. are of stone and the rest of wood In this Citie was erected an vniuersitie about the yeare 1564. by William late Prince of Orenge who was in the yeare 1584. suddenly slaine with a pistoll This Academie doth at this day exceedingly flourish and therein are with liberall stipendes maintained sundry learned professors of the liberall sciences In Leiden is a strong Castle which was said to bee founded by Hengist returning from the conquest of England and therein is a notable Well from whence the ancient family of Wassenar taketh name This Cittie hath vnder it 49. Boroughes and villages the most part whereof once a weeke bring all their good victuailes to sell in the towne which causeth it to abound with all thinges arising of the earth It hath also great plentie of fish both sea fish and fresh water fish and of water fowle beyonde all measure The women are excellently faire and the aire passing holsome But a little league from Leiden is the famous abbey of Reinsburge consisting of Nunnes all of noble houses the Abbesse whereof hath iurisdiction spirituall and temporall and the Abbey is endowed with so great reuenewes that euerie day aboue 2000. persons come thither to receiue reliefe Another such like Abbey of Ladies is also neere to Leiden called Terlee In all these Monasteries of Ladies and gentlewomen they may vntill they be entred into profession come forth and marrie and ordinarily they liue there many yeares before they professe themselues obseruing notwithstanding in the meane time their rules and orders very duely soberly and religiously Copenhagen in Denmarke IN the mouth or entrance of the Sounde called by Latine writers Sâ—nus Venedicus which diuideth the two kingdomes of Denmarke and Sweden lyeth an Iland named Selandia wherein are many strong townes and Castles and among the rest Coppenhagen the feare of the King and Metropolis of the Realme In this Citie was erected an vniuersitie by Christian Earle of Oldenburge in the yeare of saluation 1478. after he had gained the Regall Diademe For the which he obtained at the hands of Pope Sixtus the 4. the priuiledges of Bonònia This Academie was afterward augmented and enlarged by King Christian the third in the yeare 1498. and after him Fredericke the second in the yeare 1549. We reade that in the time of King Erec the sonne of Siwardus Anscharius Bishop of Hamburge caused the Gospell to be preached in Denmarke which the inhabitants for a short time seemed willingly to embrace but their King deceasing they againe returned as a dogge to his vomit to their infideâ—ity and Paganisme wherein they liued vntill the raigne of Swenotto father to Canutus the great so called because hee vanquished held in subiection fiue kingdomes namely Sweden Norway England Denmarke and Normandie About those times Poppo a religious man comming into the Countrey againe instructed them in the principles and rudiments of Christian religion which from that time vntill this day they haue retained The Vniuersities of Italie Rome ALllearned historiographers do with one common consent agree that Rome was so named from Romulus the sonne of Numitor Rhea Siluia who layed thereof the first foundation How the inhabitants thereof in processe of time by warlike chiualry dilated their Empire dominion ouer al the westerne world whosoeuer is desirous to know I must refer him to the learned Decades of Titus Liuius and sundry other ancient writers who haue alreadie filled the world with whole volumes of Romaine histories It being a matter of greater import then wel can be conteined in the breuitie of my vndertaken taske Wherefore although I find recorded in auncient hystories that the Romaines foreseeing the great vtilitie that would ensue by nourishing the artes receiued into their citie in the first infancie of their greatnesse with singular admiration the profession of learned sciences and that therein hath flourished a renowned Academie of long continuance erected 700. yeares before our Sauiours incarnation yet mine onely intent and purpose is to write of such patrones and benefactors as haue promoted and furthered the same and such priuiledges as haue thereunto beene graunted since it
the French king besieged before hee was taken prisoner by Charles the Emperour for Arnolde Ferronus writeth in his seuenth booke of French histories how Anthonius Leua being by Charles the fifte appointed Captaine and gouernour of Pauia he conuerted vnto his owne vse euen the siluer maces which vsually were accustomed to bee borne before the Rector or President of the Vniuersity the better to giue his souldiers paye Also a goodly Library which as Iason sayeth was placed in the Castell was then much perished notwithstanding afterwarde by the singular bounty and liberality of the Bishops of Rome and other princes it was againe repayred and restored Pope Pius the 4 â—ounded herein a fayre and sumptuous colledge Bernardus Saccus affirmeth the ayre about Pauia to bee pure and piercing whereby the wittes of schollers are sharpened and excited to the desire of studie He sayeth moreouer that the first teacher and professor of Christianisme therein was Syrus of Aquilegia In those dayes that Saint Peter did teach at Rome whose doctrine because euen vntill this daye they haue with greate constancie kept and mantayned it was decreed that this Cittie shoulde no more bee called by her auncient name Ticinum from the riuer passing by it but Papia quasi piorum virorum patria Turin TVrin a Cittie of Piemonte was as writeth Caelius Secundus who was therein borne in former ages called Augusta Taâ—rinorum because it was the heade Cittie or Metropolis of the Nation and people so called who by Iulius Caesars gifte were made free Denizons of the citty of Rome This Cittie was by the Gothes ruinated and ouerthrowne and afterwarde againe reedified though not of so greate circumference as before it was yet in better for me and fashion It taketh name from the riuer Duria which runneth through the same It is situated in a smooth playne hauing on the east side thereof a mile distant from the town the riuer Poe on the North and West the Alpes on the South a fertile champion contayning fiue miles in bredth In this cittie was wont to bee helde the courte and residence of the princes together with the whole councell of Riemont It was afterwarde by the Pope graced with the title of an Archbishopricke A goodly Vniuersity was here instituted by the Dukes of Sauoy which excelled all other Italian Academies for their exquisite perfection in Tipography or the arte of Printing Erasmus Roterodamâ—s did in this Vniuersity proceede Doctor of Diuinity where hee after became a publike professor of the same For the possession of this place was fought between the Emperour Charles the fift and the king of France in the yeare 1544. that fierce and bloudy battell wherin of the Emperours side 12000. or as some write 13000. souldiers were put to the sword Florence FLorence is a strong and beautifull cittie in Hetruria sited in a play n betwixt the foot of a mountaine and the riuer Arno It was first begunne by the people of Fiesole enlarged afterwardes by the Romaine Colonies It had then to name Armina and from whence this name of Florence should bee deriued diuers men doe diuersly hold opinion Some suppose it to bee so called from Florino one of the chiefe of the Colonie Others will not consent that it was called Florentia at the beginning but Fluentia because of the riuer Arno flowing neere the walles thereof and they alledge the authoritie of Plâ—â—â—â— where he saith that the people Fluentini be neere vnto Arno which may be false saith Machiauel the Florentine because Plinie maketh mention where the Florentines were seated not how they were called and that word Fluentum must needes be corrupted because Frontinus and Cornelius Tacâ—tus who wrote almost in the time of Plinic doe call the Towne Florentia and the people Florentini saying that long since in the time of Tiberius they were gouerned according to the custome of other citties in Italie Cornelius also reporteth that the Florentines had sent Embassadors vnto the Emperour praying that the waters of the Chiane might not descend vppon their countrey It seemeth not then to stand with reason that the citie should at one time haue two names It is therefore most credible that it was alwaies called Florentia For what cause soeuer it was so named or for what cause soeuer it had the beginning most sure it is that vnder the Empire of Rome it had the first foundation in the raigne of the first Emperors writers did make mention thereof Long time it continued base and obscure not being able to doe any thing worthy of memorie for the authoritie of them vnto whome they were subiect but being at length wearie of that yoke in the yeare 1010. on the day of Saint Romulus a solemne feast with the Fiesolan they surprised Fiesole demolished the same Afterward all Italie being deuided into open factions betweene the Popes and Emperors they alwaies held on the strongest side by which meanes Florence being now much enlarged well replenished with buildings men other things necessary for ciuill life began to bee numbred among the principall Citties of Italie And had no question growen to as much celebritie as any cittie of Europe had not the ciuil discords and intestine factions of the cittizens hindered her greatnesse But so exceedingly was it alwaies pestered with mutuall dissentions that it neuer could attaine vnto any height of glory vntill Cosmio de Medices obtained the principalitie thereof reduced it from an Aristocraticall gouernment to a Monarchie Who hauing passed in the beginning of his greatnesse many troubles and calamities after hee had exceeded fortie yeares of his age liued most happily in so much as not onely they which ioyned with him in publique actions but all other men also that managed his treasure in euery place of Europe did participate of his felicitie and euery man depending vpon his counsell and fortune became wealthie He was the most esteemed and most famous citizen being no man of warre that euer had beene in the memorie of man eyther in Florence or any other cittie because he did not onely excell all others of his time in authoritie and riches but also in liberalitie and wisedome For amongst other qualities which aduanced him to be chiefe of his Countrey he was more then other men bountifull and magnificent His chiefest care and endeuour was to preserue adorne and beautifie this Cittie For which cause hee builded and erected in the same many sumptuous edifices He builded the Abbeyes and Temples of Saint Marke Saint Laurence and the Monasterie of Saint Veridiana and in the mountaines of Fiesole Saint Gerrolano with the Abbey thereto belonging Also in Mugello hee did not onely repaire the Church for the Fryers but tooke it downe and builded it a new Besides those magnificent buildinges in Saint Croce in Saint Agnoli and in Saint Miniato hee made Altars and sumptuous Chappelles besides the building of them were by him paued
Academy shall come vnto stay in or returne from the same and send their messengers and baggage eyther thether or from thence to any other place quietly without troble or molestation as to themselues shall seeme best c. The like Charter was to them graunted by king Philip the sixt which Rebulphus rehearseth in this manner We of our especiall grace and from the fulnes of royall authority do expressely forbid all lay men of what condition or calling soeuer and euery priuate person vppon any occasion to disturbe or molest any maister or scholler eyther going to or comming from the Parisian Vniuersity or any other that shall by his oath affirme that hee eyther is or meaneth to bee one of the saide incorporation King Charles the 6. did release and set free all students in Paris from al maner of subsidies taxes impositions of wine corn or whatsoeuer goodes besides they should buy eyther by parcels or by great to serue their necessarie turnes Euen this king Charles not long after taking part with Clement the Antipape against Pope Vrban by apprehending and imprisoning the Rector of this Vniuersitie for publike reciting the saide Popes letters in the schooles did much impayre the happie and florishing estate thereof for the students thinking thereby their priuiledges to bee infringed departed from the Vniuersity and left it in a manner desolate and voide of schollers In like manner wee reade that the Vniuersity was forsaken in the time of king Lewes the holy vnder whose raigne the schollers many outragious iniuries being offered them by the Cittizens complayning that their auncient customes and priuiledges against all law of God and man were violated and abrogated departed in swarmes from thence whereof some thousandes came into England and studied in Oxford wherat the kings charge they were wel prouided for Many likewise are the priuiledges which haue by sondry Popes beene granted to this Vniuersity but to auoide prolixity I will set downe one letter of Pope Innocents written to this Academie We being desirous to doe you an especiall grace and fauour do ordayn and decree that it shall not bee lawfull for any man to pronounce any sentence of excommunication or interdiction against eyther Rector Proctor Maister or Scholler of your Vniuersitie of what degree or facultie soeuer hee be or against any other for any fact concerning the Vniuersitie without especial licence from our sea Apostolike without which if any such sentence shal be pronounced wee will that it be helde as friuolous and of no effect From this Vniuersity as from a clearespringing fountaine haue beene deriued many excellent Academies of France and Germany Therein are at this day to be seen an hundred goodly Colledges for the vse of students builded all of costly marble stone Robert brother to king Lewes the holy founded in this Academie in the yeare 2 3. that famous Colledge of the learned Sorbonistes vnto whome all Vniuersities of Europe with one consent giue place as to the greatest Clarks most profound Diuines of Christendome In the yeare 1286. Queene Iohan erected the magnificent and goodly Colledge of Nauarre Francis of Valois king of France did send for sondry learned professors of the Greek and Hebrue tongues vnto whome he allowed liberall exhibitions vnto the which he added afterward being moued thereunto by the counsell and perswasions of William Budye Iohn Bellay two singularly learned men the profession of Phisicke Philosophy and the Mathematikes So great a quantity and proportion of corne and other prouisions necessary for the life of man are from all quarters of the Realme brought into this cittie that there is nothing wanting for the sustenance of so many thousande persons for within this Cittie are sayde to be 500. parishes and 100. Colledges S. Dionisius Areopagâ—ta first taught in this cittie the principles of religion That the Reader may the better conceiue the excellencie of this Cittie I haue annexed hereunto for a conclusion certaine old verses written in commendation thereofby Architremius a Poet of our owne countrie Exoritur tandem locus altera regia Phoebi Parrisius Cyrraea viris Chrysaea metallis Graeca libris Inda studiis Romana Poetis Attica Philosophis mundi rosa balsamus orbis Sidonis ornatu sua mensis suapotu Diues agris foecunda mero mansueta colonis Messe ferax inoperta rubis nemorosa racemis Plena feris fortis domino pia regibus aura Dulcis amaena situ bona quolibet omne venustum Omne bonum si sola bonis fortuna faueret Poictiers POictou is a great and goodly Earledom of France contayning 1200 parishes deuided into three Dioceses or Bishoprickes It hath also within the confines thereof many proud and mighty citties amongst which appeareth that beautifull and far renowned cittie Poictiers seated at the foote of the riuer Claine or Clanus the principall seate and Metropolis of the Earldome for antiquitie and long continuance not inferior to any towne of France second to Paris onely in greatnes power and maiesty therein are yet to this day remayning certaine reliques and monumentes of most incredible continuance as the olde ruines of an ancient Theater Gallienus his pallace and the vaultes of certaine Conduits yet standing called in French Arceaux de Parigne In this Citie hath long flourished a most learned Vniuersitie of great fame and authoritie in degree and preheminence next to Paris We read in the Ecclesiastical histories that S. Hiliary called the Apostle of Aquitaine first reuealed vnto this people the light of the Gospell and became the first Bishop of Poictiers who after many miseries and torments constantly endured for the Catholike faith deceased in the yeare 371. leauing behind him many excellent treatises which do sufficiently testifie his singular wisedome and learning Lions LIons is a rich and plentifull Cittie seated on a little neck or point of land between the two noble riuers Araeris Rhodanus now called Sosne and Rhosne We reade in Plutarch that Lucius Plancus Munatius hauing the conduct of some Romaine soldiers finding in this place the aire to be sweet and healthy the soyle pleasant and fruitfull the riuers so commodious for conueying thither all things necessarie from the territories neere adioyning hee layed here the foundation of this worthy cittie which dayly increasing in wealth and swarming with innumerable multitudes of Matchants grew to be so mighty and populous that Strabo reporteth it to haue beene in his time the most noble and opulent Cittie of all France Narbone onely excepted which in those daies was the most flourishing Emporie of that kingdome this cittie being about that time at the height of her glorie became a seate and habitation of the Romaine Princes who often forsooke Rome the garden of the world and onely paradise of earthly pleasures to recreate themselues therein About which time see how all mortall thinges are subiect to vicissitude and chaunge she seeming to haue aspired to
the toppe of all felicitie was in one day consumed with fire and became vnto beholders a most miserable dolefull spectacle of ruine and desolation of which Seneca in a certaine consolatorie Epistle of his to Liberalis a cittizen of Lions writeth as followeth Vnius noctis incendium totum strauit vrbem vt vna scilicet nox interfuerit inter vrbem maximam nullam tant a fuit incendij vis celeritas In this cittie flourished an Academie of great fame and celebritie which hath sent forth into the worlde many excellent men renowned for their great learning holinesse of life as Irenius and Eucherius both Archbishops of Lions and Primates and Metropolitanes of Fraunce which dignitie belongeth vnto this Cittie though in the yeare 1306. the Archbishop alienated from himselfe the gouernment thereof receiuing for the same a yearely pension or annuitie We reade of most barbarous and tirannicall cruelties exercised on the professors of the Christian faith in this Cittie during the raigne of Marcus Antonius the Romaine Emperour in the yeare of our saluation 175. in which persecution dyed 19000. Martyrs Angiers ANiou in times past an Earledome and in the yeare 1350. enobled with the title of a Dukedome is a Region in Fraunce of no great circumference but full of goodly riuers forrests and mountaines therefore for aboundance and fertilitie not inferior to any countrey neere thereunto It is confined on the East side thereof with Tourraine and Vendosme on the West with Britannie on the South with Poictou and on the North with the Earledomes of Maine Laualle the Metropolis of this Dukedome is an ancient citie called by Ptolomey Iuliomagus now named of the Angeuines Angiers A publike vniuersitie was in this cittie instituted and erected by Lewes the 2. about that time that Rupertus Phaltsgraue of Rheine founded Heilderberge in Germany which was about the yeare 1346. Others will haue it to be founded in the yeare 1362. at which time Casimere erected Cracow in Polonia Henry Valoise Duke of Aniou brother to King Charles the 9. not long since with much industrious care laboured to augment restore the same the which good worke that he the better might performe hee with great munificence inuited thither sundry excellently learned schollers among the which was Frauncis Baldewin who therein to his eternall praise and euerlasting memory did establish the profession of the Ciuill law Of this city Dukedome in our country chronicles is often mention made as of a territorie which long was annexed to the English crowne and alienated by King Henry the 6. in the 22. yeare of his raigne in the yeare of our Lord 1444. at the mariage solemnized betweene him and Margaret daughter to Reyner King of Sicily and Hierusalem Auignion AVignion is an ancient cittie of Prouuence situated on the banke of Rhodanus wherein is an Vniuersitie of long continuance which then began first to flourish and be famous in other nations when the Bishops of Rome were therein resident We reade in the histories of the Church that Pope Iohn the 22. transferred the seate Apostolique from Rome vnto this citie after whom it remained there 74. yeares or thereabout Likewise we reade that after the decease of Benedictus the 11. when Clement the sift was declared Pope in the yeare 1305. the Apostolike seat was againe translated from Rome to Auignion and from thence afterward in the yeare 1376. returned againe to Rome at the instance and entreatie of Saint Katharine Nunne of Sitnna The cittie and church of Auignion are at this day immediately subiected to the Popes or Bishoppes of Rome who first became Lordes thereof by meanes of a certain Neapolitane Queene who being indebted to the church of Rome resigned this cittie to the Bishops thereof and his successors for euer Paulus Castrensis by sundrie learned works he wrote did much enable this Vniuersitie Andraeas Alciatus comming into Fraunce was hired as himselfe in an oration he made to the schollers of Pauia confesseth for 600. crownes to be a publike reader in this Vniuersitie Orleance ORleance is a rich and plentifull Cittie placed on the banke of the riuer Ligeris now called Loire Some auncient Hystoriographers write that the foundation of this Cittie was laide by Aurelian the Emperour in the yeare 276. and from him was called Aurelia which name vnto this day it retaineth In this Cittie was erected an vniuersitie by Philip le Beau King of France in the yeare from our Sauiours natiuitie 1312. wherein the ciuill Law is with such learning and admiration professed that this Academie hath beene often of graue and learned writers entituled the Nurse or Mother thereof It enioyeth the same priuiledges with Thoulouse This citie among many other hath not escaped the taste of those miserable calamities inflicted vppon Fraunce by the furie of the late ciuill warres Bourges BOurges is a citie in Fraunce of great same rich spatious and much frequented It is seated in a pleasant and fruitfull countrey replenished with all kind of graine hearbes wines beastes fishes and fowles and whatsoeuer els is necessary for the vse of man Concerning the first originall of this citie and the etimologie of the worde Bituriges there are sundrie strange opinions Ioannes Callamaeus in his treatise de origine Biturigum saith that in the yeare from the begining of the world 1791. the foundation of this citie was laide by one Gomer descended from Noah who in honor remembrance of his great grandfather called the inhabitants of that countrey Ogyges But as it often commeth to passe that words by long continuance and custome are corrupted from Bytogyges they were called Bituriges Others there are that say it was called Byturis quasi Biturris from two ancient towers which they affirme to haue beene in this citie erected by two brethren which there together raigned one of which towers if we giue credite to antiquitie is that which remaineth yet to bee seene built in forme round of a great circuite without within of a huge capacitie and is made at this day a castle of most inuincible strength To confirme this opinion they recite an old verse of an ancient Grammarian Turribus à binis inde vocor Bituris In this cittie is a most glorious resplendishing vniuersitie an other Pernassus a place of such fame and excellencie and of all learned authors so much admired that whensoeuer they haue occasion to write thereof they call it the ornament of letters habitation of the Muses It was many yeares since founded by a certaine Duke of Burges but after in continuance of time falling to decay and being almost vtterly extinct it was againe restored and brought vnto his former glorie perfection by sundry kings of France It was authorized and endued with many great priuiledges and high prerogatiues by Pope Paulus the 2. of that name In this Academie is a Diuinitie Schoole wherein Theologie is
professed with great sinceritie and profoundnesse there are also continuall dayly exercises of Philosophie Phisicke and the Ciuill law Caen. AN Vniuersitie was erected at Caen in Normandie vpon this occasion Henry the fift king of England who subdued the kingdome of France and left the title to his posterity after many great and glorious conquests atchieued against the French king hee at last bereaued him of Normandy in the yeare 1418. In token and memorie of which victorie as an eternal trophie and monument of his glorie he caused to be laid in Caen the foundation of this vniuersitie Rhemes RHemes is a goodly cittie and the Metropolis of Champaigne wherein not long since was erected an Vniuersitie by the Prince Charles Guise Cardinall of Lorraine Archbishop Duke of Rhemes whose glorie and renowne dayly more and more encreaseth by reason of the arâ—s so learnedly there professed Of this citie was Bishop S. Remigius a man of most holy conuersation and excellently learned as by the Commentaries which he wrote vpon the old new Testament it euidently appeareth He baptized Clodouaeus a mightie and puissant king of Fraunce together with Chrâ—tildis his wife daughter to the king of Burgundie he died in his venerable old age in the yeare 498. Burdeux BVrdeux is the principall or head cittie of Aquitane called by the French men Guienne seated at the mouth of Garomne a mightie riuer issuing out of Languedoc It is a place of incredible antiquitie strongly fortified and beautified with many sumptuous edifices In this citie hath long flourished a most renowned vniuersity commonly called the schoole of Aquitaine where the Artes are publikely taught and professed from whence issued those mirrors of holinesse and learning Seuerinus Maximinus the one Bishop of Colen the other of Tryer both after their deathes canonized for Saintes Vnto this citie also resteth the worlde indebted for the birth education of Ausonius the Homer of these latter times Neere vnto this Citie on the waters side standeth a castle inexpugnable fortified beyond all credite comparison Tholouse IN the extreamest confines of Languedoâ— not farre distant from the Pyrenaean mountaines standeth Tholouse called by antique writers Teotosagum an auncient and goodly cittie built neere to the Riuer Garomne The first foundation whereof is referred to a certaine Trotane It was afterward amplified and enlarged by the Romaines Wee reade that Theodericus King of the Gothes and Thorismonde his sonne finding about this cittie a happie fertile soile enuironed with a sweete and holesome ayre chose the same for their habitation as the place of all France most pleasant and most opulent most fit for the preseruation and augmentation of their Empire whose posterity was afterwarde expelled of the Frenchmen with great difficultie It was raised to an Archbishopricke by Pope Iohn the 22. who also was the first institutor of the Vniuersity therein which as yet was erected not long after Paris so doth it enioy the same priuiledges that heretofore haue beene to Paris granted Saint Saturnine was the first Bishop thereof who afterward being with vnsufferable torments excruciated by the Pagans yeelded his soule into the hands of his Redeemer was in this cittie buried the reliques of whose body are by the inhabitantes often visited with great reuerence and deuotion There was sayde in times past to haue beene in this cittie a Temple wherein was continually reserued in secret vaultes and dungeons vnder ground as Poss donius sayeth 15000. talents of golde which if any man by chance had touched he shortlie after came to some vnfortunate end which was verified in Caepio other Roman captaines from whence proceedeth the prouerbe applyed commonlie to those whose attemptes are euer vnfortunate and without successe Aurum habet Tolosanum The Earle of Tholous is one of the twelue Peeres of France Nismes NIsmes called by Ptolomye Pomponius Mela trabo and other learned searchers of antiquities Nemansus is an antient Citty in Dolphine wherein was lately erected an Vniuersity The soyle in this prouince is of such incredible fertilitie that being with neuer so little labour mannured it bringeth forth sondry kinds of excellent fruites It hath such plentie of figge-trees and bringeth such aboundance of grapes that a greate parte of Europe is with figges and raisins from thence accommodated Mompehers MOns Pessulanus called of Pomponius Mela Mesua of Ptolomye Agathopolis and now vulgarly named Mompeliers is a cittie in Dolphinie not far distant from the Mediterranesea An Vniuersity was therein erected as some writers affirm in the yeare of our Lord 1196. which afterwarde was endued with many priuiledges by Pope Vrban the fift who layed the foundation of a goodlie house called Popes Colledge In times past the profession of Phisicke was there in greatest request but now the schooles of the ciuil law are most vsually frequented much was the Vniuersity augmented and promoted by the bounty and liberality of Henry the second king of France so great is the Rectors authority in this Vniuersity that whensoeuer he hath occasion to walke into the towne the studentes are bound to follow and attend him Henry the first granted to this Academic many royall praerogatiues and founded therein the Kings colledge here also is an other sayre and sumptuous colledge called Duuergier wherein sondry ingenious youthes are ten yeares trayned vp in letters and good discipline Bisanson NEare to the side of Doux or Doubis a small riuer passing through the French Counte and falling into the Sone standeth Bisanson a great goodly and well munited citcie a towne imperial and the Metropolis of eyther Burgundy In the yeare of saluation 1540. by the authority of Pope Iulâ—us the third and the Emperour Charles the 5. a new Vniuersity was therein erected which hath exceedingly since flourished and sent forth many learned and godly labourers into the Church The reuerend father Anthony Peronotus Archbishop of Mechlin was a great benefactor to this Academie who so desireth to know more particularities of this Cittie let him reade the workes of George Bruno and Gilbertus Cognatus Paradinus in whose bookes he shall finde the same at large described Dole IN Burgundy also on the banke of the said riuer Dubis is to bee seene Dola a cittie for strength opulencie and sumptuousnes of buildinges to bee preferred before all other places of Burgundy An Vniuersity is therin of great continuance wherin among many other sciences the ciuill law is most learnedly reade and professed The Vniuersities of Polonia Prussia and Lituania Cracouia WEe reade in the historie of Polonia that Lechus and Zechus two sons of Iauan going to seeke a place of habitation for themselues their posterity Zechus with his people remayned in those territories which now are knowne by the names of Bohemia and Morauia but Lechus proceeding further to the northeast some twelue dayes iorney there seated himselfe and called the region Polonia by reason of the playnenes of the continent being altogether
voide of mountaines or vallies Pole in their language signifyeth smooth or playne here the saide prince commaunded his armie to stay and to builde for themselues and their children townes and villages whereby hee established vnto himselfe a principality But the people in succession of time daylie more and more encreasing and multiplying after the lyne of Lecus fayled beganne to wax wearie of a monarchie wherefore they made choice of twelue Magistrates which they named Woyuuods that is Countes Palatines to haue the administration of their lawes and gouernment of their common wealth which Magistrates or Earles doe vnto this day retayne their auncient name and dignitie though they enjoy not fully so gieat authoritie but not long after the wauering and vnconstant multitude neuer contented with their present estate but desirous of change and alteration waxed weary of this oligarchie gouernment of their Woyuuods and with one consent named one Gracchus a principall leader amongst them to bee their prince and gouernour This Gracchus about 400. years after the natiuitie of our Sauiour gouerning this barbarous nation builded on the banke of the riuer Vistula a goodly cittie which after his owne name hee called Graccouia and for the better defence thereof hee erected a strong castel or fortresse on the mount Vaeuel Many ages after namely in the yeare 1320. Vladislaus Lokoâ—k praesiding sent his Embassadors vnto the Pope being then at Auignion in France with request that hee might be crowned king of Polonia which suite of his being obtayned he receyued the Diademe and regall ornamentes in the Cathedrall church of Graccouia which city was then by the kinges praerogatiue made the Metro polis of the kingdome An Academie was in this Citie instituted by Casimire the second in the yeare of saluation 1361. which afterwarde namelie in the yeare 1400. was by Vladislaus at the instant and importune intercession of Heduigis his Queene ratified and confirmed with the Popes authority The Vniuersity is not in the principall cittie but in that parte which lyeth on the other side of the riuer is named from the first founder therof Cazimiria therin are two goodly Colledges in the one is professed Philosophy and Diuinity in the other Phisicke the Ciuil law the other inferior studies are there also learnedly taught with great diligence of the Readers In this Cittie haue I seene the bones of Stanislaus once Bishop thereof since canonized for a Saint carried about the towne in procession enclosed in a fayre siluer coffin with great reuerence and veneration of the beholders This Bishop was impiously martyred by Boleslaus a most dissolute and libidinous king because hee was by him once reproued with greater austerity then his patience could endure for his inordinate and adulterous life but the iust iudgement of God suffered him not long to remaine vnpunished for being shortly after by his owne subiectes the Pope first absoluing them from their obedience expelled his kingdome hee fell into a rauening Lunacy and so miserablie ended his dayes The moderne Archbishop of that cittie is a Cardinall of the Familie of the Radziuilles the principall and most noble race of Polonia the Palatine of this Cittie is next vnto the king in degree and authority who is therein most commonlie resident Posnania POsne is a cittie of no great circumference but exceedingly beautified with fayre sumptuous aedifices it is situated in the vpper Polonia and contayneth a Palinacie An Vniuersity was in this Cittie of late yeares erected by Sigismonde the present king of that nation and confirmed by Pope ClemeÌ„t the eight now presidinge The Iesuites enioy there in a goodly Colledge wherin they professe Theology Philosophy and the other inferior studies Koningsperge MOns Regius commonly called Koningsperge is the Metropolis of the great Dukedome of Prussia It was so called by the first founder thereof Ottocharus king of Prussia who being continually molested with the often inuasions of the princes of Germany for the defence of himself the confine of his kingdome hee erected this cittie on the highest toppe of a mountaine in Samogitia in the yeare of saluation 1255. This region was conuerted vnto the christian faith in the yeare 1000. by Adlobertus Bishoppe of Prage but afterwarde falling into a relapse they were againe reduced thereunto by the knightes of the Dutch order in the yeare 1220. who with licence of the Emperour Fredericke the second inuaded vanquished e and a long time possessed that countrie these knights were in the yeare 1525. expelled by Sigismonde king of Polonia who annexed it to his owne kingdome George Marquesse of Brandeburge then great maister of that order being contented to holde the same as Furdotarie from the king who beganne his warre in the time of Albertus Marquesse of Brandeburge This Albertus first erected in Roningsberge the Vniuersitie which hath euer since euen vntill this present time continually flourished Neare vnto that cittie is the Isle of Glessaria now knowne by the name of Sudaw where when the sea is troubled and tempestuous it casteth vppe Amber in great aboundance which from thence the inhabitants who by reason their countrie was so many yeares by the Germans possessed speake natiuely Dutch call at this day Glesse some imagine it to proceede from the gumme of firre trees where with all those Ilands of the Sounde are replenished others there bee which affirme that it groweth as Corall doth on the rockes which being by the violence of winde and weather washed from them by the often reuerberation of the waues congealeth and waxeth hard so is gathered of the Borderers I haue neare vnto this citty seene in the desertes and forrestes consisting all of mighty firre trees great store of wilde Bores Ours which is a kinde of wilde Oxe Alxes not vnlike vnto our fallowe Deere but thrice so big there are also great plentie of Beares Vilna VIlna commonly called the Wilde is a large and opulent Cittie in the great Dukedome of Lithuania or Littow whereof it is the Metropolis It lyeth 57. degrees from the eleuation of the North pole it is seated on the banke of the riuer Vilias in a valley betweene many mountaines and mightie forrests of Firre trees The Lithuanians in the yeare 1386. first embraced Christian religion in the dayes of Iagello great Duke who ioyning himself in mariage with Heduigis daughter to the King of Polonia annexed vnto that kingdom the Dukedome of Lithuania In former times the Lithuanians worshipped trees aspes and serpentes and especially holy fire for which they erected in the suburbes of Vilna a goodly temple of free stone which was by Iagello when he had obtained the Crowne of Polonia conuerted vnto a Cathedrall Church and is now consecrated vnto S. Stanislaus whose name I had occasion before to mention in the description of Craccouia Neere vnto the Church of S. Iohn Baptist was lately erected a goodly and spacious Colledge possessed by the Iesuites
decease hee was by his mother Drahomitia and his brother Boleslaus inuited to a banket where on the sodaine hee was by them most impiously murthered His bodie being afterwarde conueâ—ed to Prage there to bee enterred in a carte drawen with sixe Oxen which cart passing through the market place of the lesser Towne the Oxen could not by any meanes bee enforced to passe beyond a little round Tower wherein were imprisoned many capitall offenders vntill all the said prisoners were set at libertie Wherevpon this prison was presently conuerted to a chappell wherein once a yeare in memory of the Saint diuine seruice is wont to be celebrated In this cittie was borne Charles the great Emperour of the Romaines and King of Bohemia who therefore vsing all his endeuors to beautifie and adorne the same in the yeare of grace 1360. erected there an Vniuersitie Martin Cromer in the 12. booke of his Polonian historie affirmeth that when Cazimier King of Polonia founded the Academie of Cracouia in the yeare 1361. Prage was then a knowne vniuersitie This schoole by reason of the accesse of the Germains thither grew to bee exceedingly frequented and so flourished vntil the springing vp of Wicklisse who amongst them being fauoured of the Bohemians made his partie so strong that aboue 2000. Germaines were in one day constrained to depart to Lipsike three daies iourney fioÌ„ thence where they obtained licence priuiledges for an vniuersity Not long after Wickliffe arose amongst them Hierome of Prage and Iohn Hus so named from a little village wherein he was borne called Hus which in the Bohemian language signifieth a Goose they were after condemned for Heretickes by the counsell of Constance and in that cittie openly burned Their errors you may reade in Munster fol. Sor. After these schismes and sectes among them the vniuersitie dayly more and more decayed and was almost vtterly extinguished had it not by the liberality of Ferdinand the first and Maximilian the 2. Emperours who are there in the cathedâ—all church both enterred been againe raised and restored There is now a goodly colledge newly builded not far from the cast end of the bridge containing 3. churches though of no great capacity yet exceeding beautiful the one for Bohemians the other for Germains the 3. for Italians In this colledge are by the Iesuits lernedly professed Theologie the other inferior artes The 4. and last towne contained in this citie is that of the Iewes who within themselues haue their peculiar lawes and liberties they haue 5. sinagogues therein in the which they celebrate their sabbathes The Bishopricke of Prage did many yeares sithence belong to the Archbishop of Mentz but after it was by Charles the great separated and raised to the degree of an Archbishopricke Neere vnto the Cathedrall church Milada sister to Boleslaus the 4. Christian Duke of Bohemia by the permission authoritie of the Pope builded S. George his church and adioyned thereunto a Nunnerie wherein she her selfe became a votarie As well in this cittie as neere about in the bordering regions are to be seene the ruines of many goodly monasteries ouerthrowne by Ziska because a Monk of S. August order rauished his sister whose portrayture I haue often seene at Prage with this subscription Iohannes Ziska superbiae auaritiae clericoruÌ„ seuer us vltor Olmuts OLmuts is a faire and ample cittie in Morauia a Dukedome whilome free now annexed to the Crowne of Bohemia In the yeare nine hundred Zuantocopius Prince thereof had vnder his dominion Polonia Silesia and Bohemia who moued with the greatnesse of his power to an intollerable pride denyed the tributes which he was accustomed to pay vnto Lewes the Emperour vpon which occasion offered the said Emperor inuaded his dominion with fire and sworde but finding greater resistance then heeexpected hee was constrained to call the Turke to his aide by whose assistance the Morauites were easily vanquished and the race of Zuartocopius vtterly extinguished About these times came Gyrullus the Apostle of the Sclauonians into this countrie accompanied with Melodius who first layed there the foundation of Christian religion and crected a cathedrall church in Tielagrade which since was transferred to this cittie Olmuts The people and inhabitantes of this cittie entertaine strangers with incredible humanity of which I my self had good experience at my being among theÌ„ The language as well of the countrie people as of the citizens is a kind of corrupt and barbarous Dutch The ayre is healthy and the land very fruitfull I imagine the Vniuersity therein not to haue been of any long continuance because I doe not remember that I euer haue reade or heardany mention made of the same in any antique author it seemeth therefore to haue bin erected lately since the comming thether of the Iesuites for whome there was builded a magnificent and sumptuous Colledge at the Popes charges for the resorming of Lutheranisme in those territories generally professed The Monastery of the prouince like as we saide of Bohemia were all by Zusca defaced and ruinated THE VNIVERSITIES of Spaine Toledo CArpetana regio now called the kingdome of Toledo lyeth in the hearte and center of Spaine the Metropolis where of is Toledo froÌ„ whence the whole kingdom hath taken his name This Cittie is situated on the banke of the riuer Tagus now known by the name of Tay. It was recouered from the Saracens in the yeare of our Lord 1216. by Ferdinand the third who caused them to fiie to Granada and Malaga where they remayned vntill the yeare 1480. aboute which time Ferdinande king of Spaine grandfather to Charles the fift by the mothers side beganne to make fierce and cruell warres vppon them by the vertue of which valiant and renowned Prince their name was in Spaine vtterlie extinguished This is a citty beautified with many pallaces of rare and excellent architecture fenced about and munited with an hundred and fifty towers the concourse of people hether is exceeding great it hath continually within the walles many troupes of horsemen for defence a great parte of the Nobility of Spaine for pleasure and an infinite multitude of Marchantes as well forraine as inhabitantes for traffique and commoditie It is also enriched with great store of venerable and learned men and adorned with the profession of all attes and sciences aswell Mechanicall as liberall In this Cittie was the Vniuersity first erected by a certaine Bishoppe of the same Sea and was afterward confirmed by the priuiledges and praerogatiues of many Popes and kinges of Spaine The chiefe sciences therein professed are the Canon and ciuill law which are there taught with so exquisite diligence and learning that whosoeuer shall remaine but some few monethes among them if hee bee not altogether stupide and voide of capacity hee cannot chuse but returne much amended in knowledge and learning In this Vniuersity was S. Alphonsus a student of Diuinity who
as they say receiued a peculiar cope or holy vestment which in the celebration of Masse he was accustomed to weare from the handes of our blessed Ladie because hee had with great learning defended her perpetuall virginitie against the Heluedian Heretiques which did oppugne the same The Archbishoppe of this Cittie is Chancelor of Castile the Metropolitane and chief of al the ecclesiasticall persons in Spaine the reuenewes of this church amounteth to the summe of 200000. Duckats whereof the Archbishop receyueth 80000. Siuille ANdolusia is that parte of Spaine which lyeth betweene Portugale and the streytes of Gibralter it is in latine called Wandolicia from the Wandales which long time possessed that countrie It was in former ages called Baetica from the riuer Betis which to the Spaniardes at this day is knowne by the name of Guadalquiuer neare to the side of this riuer is situated that famous and renowned cittie Siuille vnto the which for neatenesse and magnificence of aedifices both diuines and prophanes for profession and exercises of the liberall sciences for infinite aboundance of wealth and coÌ„modiousnes of liuing no one citty that euer I haue heard or read of scarse Rome herself flourishing in the height of her glory may worthily bee paragonde it excelleth all other citties of Spaine in fertility of the soyle which bringeth forth all kindes of grayne and Oliues in great aboundance and is enuironed and hedged about with trees greene and fruitfull In this Cittie are alwayes maintayned 30000. Genettes for seruice of the king The riuer Guadalquiuer running thorough the same deuideth it into two partes that part which lyeth on the west side thereof is called Triana which is a suburbe contayning three thousand Cittizens and is ioyned to the maine Cittie with a fayre goodly bridge on this side standeth a castell of greate strength and Maiesty This Cittie contayneth 24000. Citizens euery one hauing his priuate peculiar house which are al diuided into eight tribes whereof the first and chiefest is S. Maries tribe wherein is a church of so rare and admirable workemanship and such venerable Maiesty that our christian world can hardly shew the like This church hath a tower erected in forme of a Pyramis of most incredible height with much laborious arte and industry from whence all the coast and country adioyning may easily bee seene Out of this citty the king receyueth yearely by way of custome 500000. crownes A prouinciall councell was held in this citty in the yeare of our Lord 584. in the time of Mauritius the Emperour and Pope Pelagius the second An other councell was here assembled vnder Heraclius Pope Honorius the first in the yeare 636. The Archbishoppe of Siuill is in decree next vnto the Archbishop of Toledo and hath vnder him three Bishoppes suffragans that is to say the Bishoppe of Cales Malaga and the fortunate slandes he receyueth yearly out of the Church reuenewes 24000. Duckats The Vniuersity herein is of great antiquity hath sent forth into the world many learned and excellent men as Pope Siluester the second Auiccn a profounde Philosopher and most excellently learned Phisition and Leander who by their industry and wisedome reclamed Hermigilde and Richarde kinges of the Gothes from Arianisme to the catholike faith herein also flourished Isidorus a man much renowned for sincerity profoundnes in learning In this Vniuersity is a rich and most renowned library neare to the fryers predicants Valentia VAlentia is a Region of Spaine confined on the east side therof with the Mediterrane Sea on the North with Arragon on the South with Nurcia and on the West with Castile through this kingdome runneth a Riuer called by Salust Priscian Pomponius Mela other ancient writers Turia or Durias which since of the Moores which inhabited that country was called Guetalabiar neare to the mouth of which Riuer is situated that noble and famous citty Valentia the chief and principall Cittie of that kingdome a place of maruailous antiquity wherein are reserued euen vnto this day many auncient marbles with Roman inscriptions on them among the which there is one with this inscription Colonia Iulia Valentia wherby it most euidentlie appeareth that it hath in former ages been a Colony of the Romans Some there bee which affirme that this Citty was first called Roma vntill being by the Romans vanquished they called it by a worde in their owne language of the same signification Valentia In this Citty is an Vniuersity which in the yeare of grace 1470. did admirably flourish Herein Saint Dominicke the first founder of the Fryers praedicantes did absolue the courses of Philosophy and Theology Herein also did S. Vincent a Fryer of the same order in his youth study and in his elder yeares publikely teach Diuinity Wee read that in Valentia was assembled a generall councell in the yeare of saluation 466. The yearely Reuenewes of the Bishopricke in this cittie amount to 1â—000 Duckats In this countrie are made those porceline dishes which for pure temper of the mettall and exquisite artifice and workemanship so much desired in forrain nations The inhabitants of this kingdome retain yet a smacke or taste of the ancient Arabique tongue and some spices of the Mahumetane religion Granada THe kingdom of Granada is on the south side thereof limitted with the Mediterran sea it hath on the east side the kingdome of Murcia and on the West Andolusia in the middest of this kingdome standeth the Metropolis and chiefe and principal cittie thereof Granada from whence the realm hath deriued his name This Cittie and Countrie was possessed of the Moores and Saracins 800. yeares and were at last by the great and singular vertue of Ferdinand grandfather to Charles the fift together with their king Melis expulsed not onelie out of this kingdome but out of Spaine Since which time they neuer attempted any matter of great moment against the christians neyther durst they insinuate themselues into any one parte or corner of their dominions which wee haue spoken of before in the description of Toledo The greatest happinesse of this place consisteth in the fruitfulnesse and faecundity of the soile The houses of the cittie are builte all of free stone with curious and artificiall masonrie shewing great magnificence It is within replenished with many springes waters exceeding cold and most profitable for the coÌ„seruation of health without it is enuironed with a large statelie wall contayning in the circumference thereof twelue gates and a hundred and thirty turrets or towers By the great bounty and liberality of the king of Spaine in this Cittie was founded and erected a most sumptuous and magnificent Colledge to the vse of the Iesuites who are authorized therein to professe Philosophy Diuinity and the other triuiall and inferior studies In this place had that mirror of Christendome Lewes of Granada whome all men haue admired but no one euer could imitate
from the continent of Castile Valentia with the riuer Ebro In this kingdome are to be seene many faire and well fortified citties among the which is Larida a beautifull towne situated on Cinga a small riuer which keeping his course through this realme disburdeneth himselfe into the Ebra In this cittie flourisheth an Academie of maruellous antiquitie wherein Pope Calixtus the third before hee obtained the Papacie proceeded Doctor of either law who afterward became a publike professor of the ciuill law in the same place Also S. Vincent a Dominican Frier which for his religious and holy life was after his death canonized for a Saint was there made Doctor of Diuinitie We reade of a prouincial counsell of eight Bishops assembled in this citie vnder Anastatius the Emperour Pope Gelasius the first in the yeare of our Lord 494. Huesca OSca or Isca called in the vulgar tongue Huesca is an other goodly cittie of Arragon containing an vniuersitie of most admirable antiquitie which is said to haue beene erected before the comming of Christ as a Nurserie for the institution of noble mens children Lisbone THat part of the continent which coasteth along the Westerne shore betweene the Iles of Bayone and the Promontorie or Cape of Saint Vincent is knowne to vs by the name of Portugall numbred amongst the most wealthie and opulent kingdomes of Europe Through the middest of this region passeth the riuer Tagus or Tayo neere vnto the mouth whereof is seated Lisbone the most faire and flourishing emporie of Portingall the Metropolis of the kingdome the most beautifull and best adorned cittie in the West We reade that Henry Earle of Lorraine a man renowned in feates of armes had in guerdon of many conquestes by him atchieued against the Moores giuen him to wife Tyresia daughter of Alphonsus the 6. king of Castile vnto whome was assigned for her dowrie all that part of Gallicia which now is subiect to the crowne of Portingal Of these princes was borne Alphonsus who first named himselfe king of Portingall This young king nothing degenerating from the vertue of his auncestors ceased not to vexe and wearie out the Moores with continuall warres so that he vanquished and subdued siue kinges of them in memorie whereof the Kings of Portingall beare in their coate of armes euen vntill this day fiue shieldes Azure in field argent He also recouered from them Lisbone and restored it to libertie about the yeare 1110. Since that time what with the fauor munificency of their kinges who haue for the most parte therein continually kept their courts what by the incredible accesse of marchants thither from all nations of the world This cittie is growen to that height of glorie maiestie that she easily surmounteth all other citties whatsoeuer contained in this westerne world A most renowned vniuersitie was by the bountie of their kinges in this citie erected where euen vntill this day the liberall sciences are professed with great sinceritie and profoundnes to the incredible benefite of Christendome There are in this cittie 26. parishes and 20000. mansion houses In the yeare 1531. the 7. Kalendes of Februarie there was a most strange and admirable earthquake throughout all places in Portingall whereby were cast downe to the ground 1050. houses and sixe hundred were there withall so rent and shaken that their fall and ruine dayly was expected This earthquake continued the space of eight dayes causing the ground to shake and tremble at least three or foure times a day in such sort that the inhabitantes were therewith so affrighted and terrified that they were glad to forsake their houses and lie on tops of mountaines in the open aire Coimbra COimbra is also a most pleasant and goodly cittie in Portingall seated neere vnto the riuer Mondego An vniuersitie was therein founded in these latter daies by Iohn the seconde King of Portingall Iacobus Payua Andradius in the Preface of his booke entituled Liber orthodoxarum explicationum writeth of this vniuersitie in this manner Coimbricensis Academia est loci natura amaenissima omni literarum genere clarissima est inqua ipse ab eunte aetate literarum studijâ— incubui non insoeliciter Euora EVora is an ather Cittie of Portugall not to bee contemned it is illustrated with the dignity of a Bishops Sea An Vniuersity was herein lately erected by Henry Cardinal of Portugall a Prelate of worthy memory who was Bishop of that place he was a man endued with aboundant wealth exceedingly affected tothe Muses Maiorica THe Isles of Maiorica and Minorica adioyning so neare to the continent of Spaine that one may with great facility saile from the one to the other in foure or at the most in fiue howers and also being parcelles of the kings dominion I thought it not amisse to annexe this cittie to the other Vniuersities of Spaine Maiorica is the greatest Islande of the two and hath lying on the East side thereof a goodly cittie which is the Metropolis of both Islandes and hath neare adioyning vnto it an ample and most commodious porte The inhabitantes hereof are constrayned to endure many iniurious outrages and most misetable calamities at the handes of the Moores and Saracens their opposite neighbours on the coast of Africa who oftentimes making incursions into this Isle do in an euening fire many of their houses standing neare to the sea and carry away the owners thereof as prisoners to bee for money of their friendes and the kindred redeemed for whose ransome there are continually on all sondayes and holydayes publike collections in their churches The land of these Ilands neare vnto the sea is sweet pleasant and fertile but vp further within â—is sterill ful of craggy rockes vnpleasant and vnprofitable In this Cittie is an antient priuiledged and authorised Vniuersitie where the artes Vniuersall are publikely with great learning professed Among the students of this Academy the memory of Raimundus Lullius is with great admiratioÌ„ retayned because he receyued therein his birth and education insomuch that euen vntill this present time a learned man is there with liberall exhibition entertayned to maintain and teach the doctrine in times passed by Lullius professed I would that the learned Reader should vnderstaÌ„d that although the Spanish Academies are by me briefly runne ouer yet are there not more goodly more opulent nor more in all kindes of learning flourishing Vniuersities in any region of Europe which I am constrayned to setdowne without any exact descriptioÌ„ of them because I neuer could find though I haue therefore made great search and enquiry any author which discourseth of that subiect THE VNIVERSITIES of England Oxford Oxsorde is a fayre and beautifull citty whose situation is in a playne Champion neare to the side of the Thames being enuironed with many pleasing groues wooddy mountains from whence as some writers affirme it was in times passed named Bellositum concerning the Etymologye of the name thereof there
are sondry opinions Lelandus imagineth that it first was called Ouseforde from the riuer Ouse in Latine Isis but the most true and probable coniecture is that it was named of the Saxons Oxenford in the same sense that the Grecians named their Bosphoros and the Germans Ochensfurt a cittie standing at this day on the banke of the riuer Odor from a fourde or shallownes of the riuer in that place through the which cattell might safelie passe for which cause it is at this day of the auncient Brittaines called in their language Rhyddichen We find written in our chronicles that this cittie was in the time of the Brittaines the first inhabitantes of this Iland consecrated vnto the Muses whose names and memorie were afterwarde during the furie of the Saxon warres therein vtterly extinguished and the cittie much obscured knowne onelie for certaine Reliques of S. Frideswid a religious Votaresse therein reserued and with much deuotion often visited But in succession of time 873. yeares after our Sauiours incarnation Alfred a holy and religious Saxon king restored againe the Muses to their former dignity which had beene thence so long exiled who the better to encourage their abode therein caused three colledges to bee erected one for Grammarians another for Philosophers and a thirde for professors of Diuinity but this felicity not long endured for the Danes in the time of Ethelred consuming all with fire and sworde burned a great parte of the cittie and not long after Harald Lightfoote exercised in the same such immane and batbarous cruelties that the students flying from their colledges and habitations left the Vniuersity desolate and forsaken in which estate it remayned vntill William the Norman by his conquering arme obtayned the regal Diadem after which prince his entrance Robert de Oilgi a Gentleman of Normandie in guerdon of his valour trauell and expence receyuing of the Conquerour a grant of certaine landes neare the wals of this citty erected at the west end thereof a strong well fortified castell which after was by king Stephen during the warres betweene him and Maude the Empresse long in vaine besidged hee also as some thinke enuironed Oxford with a wall which now by long continuance is decayed Robert his brothers sonne in the yeare 1130. founded neare vnto this cittie a spatious and goodly Priorie which from the riuer before mentioned enuironing the same hee called Ousney the ruines of whose walles remain onely at this day to be seene in these times the cittie being againe with many fayre and goodly aedifices adorned newly beganne to flourish and great multitudes of students from euery parte and corner of the realme for their better encrease in learning beganne to repayr thether and now the fountaines of the Muses which had long seemed to be drie or stopped vp were againe all obstructions of Barbarisme being taken away opened and reuiued for the which much doth this noble Vniuersity remaine indebted to the worthy memorie of Robert Polenius a learned man by whose onely laborius and painefull industry it hath recouered the place and dignity which at this day it holdeth among other Academies in our Christian world vnto so happie effect did sorte the labours of this worthy man that in the raigue of king Iohn three thousand studentes were numbred in this Vniuersity All which in short time after departed some to Reading and some to Cambridge for certaine iniutious wronges offered vnto them by the Cittizens which dissention being not long after againe appeased they all returned others affirme the cause of this secession to haue beene because the king caused three students to be apprehended in their colledges presently hanged for the murther of a certaine woman of which fact they all were innocent and guiltlesse Not long after I mean in the times of the next succeeding princes sondrie vertuous and well disposed persons beganne to lay the foundations of diuers goodly Colledges intending therby to leaue some monument of their name and worthinesse to all posterities by whose example since many famous princes and reuerent Prelates haue beene excited to doe the like so that it comprehendeth at this daye sixteene fayre and goodly Colledges all endued with large tenements possessions and eight Hals Merton Colledge was in the time of Henry the thirde or as others write in the beginning of Edward the first founded by Walter Merton sometime Canon of Salisbury and after Bishop of Rochester Not long after or as some think before during the raigne of William the Conquerour was the auncient foundatiō of holy Alfred renued by one William Archdeacon or as other say Bishop of Durisme and called Vniuersity Colledge In the yeare of our Sauiours incarnation 1263 during the raigne of Edwarde the first was founded Balioll Colledge by Iohn Balioll king of Scots or rather as others imagine his parents Iohn and Deruorguidis about this time as writeth Armachanus were numbred in Oxford 30000 students In the yeare from our Sauiours Natiuity 1126. in the time of Edward the second Walter Stapleton Bishop of Excester layed the foundation of Excester Colledge and Hart hall which Colledge lately hath beene much augmented in the days of our Soueraign Lady Queen Elizabeth by Sir William Peter knight King Edward the second desirous to imitate the worthy example of this reuerend Praelate erected Oriall Colledge so called because it was indeede a worke which most worthily might beseeme a king thereto he added S. Mary hall Lady Philip wife vnto king Edwarde the thirde layed the foundation of a goodly Colledge which shee named the Queenes Colledge about the year of our Lord 1340. William Wicham a famous and worthy Prelate for his singular wisedome highly esteemed of king Edwarde the third and by his meanes made Bishoppe of Winchester in the yeare 1358. layed in Oxford the foundation of a magnificent and sumptuous colledge now called New Colledge into the which yearely are sent many rare and excellent wits from the Colledge neare Winchester a most sertile Seminarie of good letters founded by that thrice worthy Bishoppe and by him committed to the tutele and protection of the blessed Virgin Mary Richard Fleming Bishoppe of Lincolne in the dayes of Henry the fift about the yeare of our Lorde one thousand foure hundred and thirty founded Lincolne Colledge which was afterward in Richarde the thirdes time in the yeare of our Lord 1479. by Thomas Rotheram Bishoppe of the same sea much augmented and encreased Henry Chichley Archbishoppe of Canterburie in the yeare 1439. layed in Oxforde the foundation of two goodly Colledges the one dedicated to the memory of all soules the other to S. Bernard which being afterwarde suppressed by king Henry the eight was of late in the raigne of Queene Mary restored and reedified by Sir Thomas White Lord Maior of London and by him named S. Iohns Colledge Durin the raigne of Henry the sixt about the yeare of our Lord 145◠William
Wainsflet Bishop of Winchester builded Magdalen Colledge hee builded also a great parte of Eaton Colledge before begunne by king Henry the sixt William Smith Bishop of Lincolne during the raigne of king Henry the seauenth layed the foundation of Brasen nose in the yeare 1513. the which hath beene lately by that reuerende olde man Alexander Nowel Deane of S. Paules Church in London much helped increased During the raigne of the saide king Henry the seauenth Richarde Foxe Bishop of Winchester founded Corpus Christi Colledge himselfe hauing before beene a fellow of Pembrooke hall in Cambridge the which colledge of his in the yeare 1516. hee endowed with forty pound eight shillinges two pence yearely rent for euer In the time of king Henry the eight Thomas Wolsey Cardinall of Rome Archbishoppe of Yorke and Lorde high Chancelor of England beganne in sumptuous manner to lay the foundation of a most ample and spatious Colledge but falling into the kinges heauie displeasure before the same could bee brought to perfection the king after his decease enriched the same with many goodly reuenewes annexing thereunto Canterburie colledge which had beene before erected in the time of Edward the 3. by Simon Islep Archbishop of Canterburie This worthy King of famous memory the more to grace adorne the citie erected therein a Bishops sea and out of his treasurie appointed yearely to be paid certaine annuities for the perpetuall maintenance of publique readers in each seuerall schoole In the raigne of Queene Mary Sir Thomas Pope reedified Duresme Colledge which was in former ages erected by Thomas of Hatfield Bishop of Duresme and now by continuance of time exceedingly decayed by which knight the name therof being altered it is now called Trinitie Colledge Not long since Hugh Prise Doctor of the ciuill law hath founded a new colledge which in honour of our Sauiour is knowne by the name of Iesu colledge Many other rare and excellent ornamentes there are wherewith this famous and farre renowned Academie exceedingly is beautified as churches libraries publique schooles and many sumptuous priuate edifices the which to auoid prolixitie I will omit imagining that such triuiall things must of necessitie bee famialiarly knowne to euery learned reader wherefore with this assertion I will finally conclude that more pietie in religion more profoundnesse in learning more strictnes in discipline more integritie in life is not to be found in any one vniuersitie in whatsoeuer part or region of the world Cambridge COncerning the first originall and foundation of the cittie and vniuersitie of Cambridge among the learned searchers of antique lustories two seuerall and discrepant opinions strongly are maintained Iohn Caius in his booke of the antiquity of Cambridge with many arguments laboureth to proue the foundation thereof to haue beene laide and the name deriued from one Cantabar a Prince of Spaine brother to Partholinus King of Ireland and sonne in law to Gurguntius king of Britaine in the yeare 4317. after the worlds first creation which was 539. yeares before our Sauiours natiuitie For proofe of which opinion hee alleadgeth the authoritie of Iohn Lidgat Monke of Berriâ— and scholler to that famous Poet and onely Homer of our English nation Geffrey Chaucer whose verses in old English as I found them written I haue here vnderneath set downe By true record of the Doctor Bede That sometime wrote so mickle with his hand And specially remembring as I reade In his Chronicles made of England Among other things as we shall vnderstand Whom for mine author I dare alleadge Sith the translation and building of Cambridge With him according Aâ—fred the chronicler Seriously who list his bookes for to see Made in the time when he was Thresurer Of Beuerley an old famous cittie Affirme and saine the vniuersitie Of Cambridge and studie first began By their writing as I report can He rehearsing first for commendation By their writing how that old cittie Was strongly walled with towers many one Built and finished with great libertie Notable and famous of great authoritie As their authors according saine the same Of Cantabar taking first his name Like as I find report I can none other This Cantaber time of his liuing To Partholine he was Germane brother Duke in those daies in Ireland a great king Chiefe and principall cause of that building The wall about and towers as they stood Was set and built vpon a large floud Named Cantebro a large broad riuer And after Cante called Cantebro This famous citie this write the Chronicler Was called Cambridge rehearsing eke also In their booke these authors both two Touching the date as I rehearse can Fro thilke time that the world began Foure thousand complete by account cleare And three hundred by computation Ioyned thereto eight and fortie yeare When Cantebro gaue the foundation Of this Cittie and this famous towne And of this noble vniuersitie Set on this riuer which is called Cante And fro the great transmigration Of Kings reckoned in the Bible old Fro Ierusalem to Babilon Two hundred winter thirtie yeares told Thus to write mine author maketh me bold Then Cantebro as it well knoweth At Athens schooled in his youth All wits greatly did apply To haue acquaintance by great affection With folke expert in Philosophie From Athens he brought with him downe Philosophers most soueraigne of renowne Vnto Cambridge plainely this is the cause Anaximander and Anaxagoras With many other mine authors doth fare To Cambridge fast can him speed With Philosophers and let for no cost spare In the schooles to studie and to reede Of whose teaching great profit that gan spread And great increase rose of his doctine Thus of Cambridge the name gan first shine As chiefe schoole and Vniuersitie Vnto this time fro the day it began By cleare report in many a far countrey Vnto the raigne of Cassibelan A worthy prince and full knightly man As saine chronicles who with mighty hand Let Iulius Caesar to arriue in this land Fiue hundreth yeare ful thirty yere twenty Fro Babilons transmigration That Cassibelan raigned in Britaine Which by his notable royall discreation To encrease that studie of great affection I meane of Cambridge the Vniuersitie Franchised with many a libertie By meane of his royall fauor From countries about many a one Diuers schollers by diligent labour Made their resort of great affection To that studie great plentie there came downe To gather fruites of wisedome and science And sundrie flowers of sugred eloquence And as it is put eke in memorie How Iulius Caesar entring this region One Cassibelan after his victorie Tooke with him Clearkes of famous renowne FroÌ„ Cambridge led them â—â— Rome towne Thus by processe remembred heretoforne Cambridge was founded long ere Christ was borne Fiue hundred yere thirty eke nine In this matter ye get no more of me Rehearse I will no more at this time These remembrances haue great authority To be preferd of long antiquitie