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A51324 The historie of the pitifull life, and unfortunate death of Edward the Fifth, and the then Duke of Yorke, his brother with the troublesome and tyrannical government of usurping Richard the Third, and his miserable end / written by the Right Honorable Sir Thomas Moore ... More, Thomas, Sir, Saint, 1478-1535. 1641 (1641) Wing M2688; ESTC R5586 127,018 478

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worme of vengeance wavering in his head could not bee content with the death of divers gentlemen suspected of treason but also he must extend his bloudy fury against a poore gentleman called Collingborne for making a small Rime of three of his unfortunat Councellers which were the Lord Lovell sir Richard Radcliffe his mischievous minion and sir William Catesbey his secret seducer which meeter was The Rat the Cat and Lovell our dog Rule all England under the hog Meaning by the hog the dreadfull wild Bore which was the Kings cognisaunce but because the first line ended in dog the metrician could not observing the regiments of meeter end the second verse in Bore but called the Bore an hogge This poeticall Schoole-master corrector of breves and longs caused Collingborne to be abbreviated shorter by the head and to be divided into foure quarters King Richard being thus tormented and tossed in his owne conceipt and imagination calling to his remembrance that considerations amities and other honest bonds and pacts made concluded and appointed betweene Princes and politique governours are in the cause efficient especiall introduction that their Realmes and Countries are fortified and munited with a double power that is to say with their owne strength and the ayde of their friends devised with himselfe to practise a league and amitie with the King of Scotts which not long before had made diverse incursions and rodes into the Realme of England where although hee got little yet surely he lost not much and thereupon sued to have a truce or peace concluded which came even as King Richard had wished it Wherefore commissioners were assigned for both parts to meete at Notingham the seventh day next ensuing at which time came thither for the King of England Iohn Bishop of Lincolne Chancellor of England Richard Bishop of Saint Asse Iohn Duke of Norfolke Henry Earle of Northumb●rland Thomas Lord Stanley George Stanley Lord Strange Iohn Gray Lord Powes Richard Lord Fitzhngh Iohn Gunthorpe keeper of the Kings Privie Seale Thomas Barow Master of the Roules sir Thomas Bryan chiefe Justice of the Common Place sir Richard Ratcliffe Knight William Catesbey and Richard Salkeld Esquiers And for the King of Scots were deputed Colin Earle of Ergile Lord Camp●ell Lord Chancellour of Scotland William Bishop of Aberden Robert Lord Lyle Laurence Lord Oliphant Iohn Drummond of Stobhall Archibald Qwitelator Archdeacon of Lawdene and Secretarie to King Iames Lyon K. of Armes Duncane Dundas These Councellers diverse times met and after long debating demanding and denying in the end of September they fully concluded and made a determination the effect whereof followeth in Articles I. First It was appointed and concluded that a perfect Amitie and an Inviolable peace should be had and kept betweene the Realmes of England and Scotland for the space of three yeares to beginne at the Sunne rising the twentie ninth day of September in the yeere of our Lord One thousand foure hundred eighty foure and to continne to the setting of the sunne the twenty ninth day of September in the yeare of Christs incarnation one thousand foure hnndred eightie seven II. Item that during the said yeares none of both the Princes nor their ministers shall make war or invade the Realme or dominion of the other by sea or land or vexe perturbe or molest the subjects or vassalles of either of them nor shall give counsell excite or move any other person to make warre or invasion on the territories of any of the said Princes III. Item that the towne and Castle of Barwicke with all such bounds as were thereto belonging ●hich were in the English mens hands at the deliverance of the same towne by King Henry the sixt to the King of Scotts shall so peaceably remaine in the possession of the King of England dnring the said truce IIII. Item that all other Castles holdes and fortresses shall peaceably remaine in the hands of the possessor and owner without chalenge or demand during the said truce the Castle of Dumbar only excepted which was delivered into the English mens hands by the appointment of the Duke of Albany when he fled into France V. Item If the King of Scotts doe intimate and declare to the King of England within the space of fortie daies next ensuing the date hereof that hee will not suffer the said Castle of Dumbar to be possessed of the English nation above the terme of sixe moneths that then during the said sixe moneths neither the English men in the Garison of Dumbar nor the Scotts dwelling and inhabiting about the limits of the same shall doe any hurt prejudice or dammage to any of the sald parties the said terme conti●ning VI. Item If after the said sixe moneths any variance or warre shall arise betweene the said two Princes either for the recovering or defending the said Castle of Dumbarre yet the said truce leagne and amitie for all other rights and possessions shall stand in force and be effectuall and that it shall bee lawfull to each of the said Princes to doe what they shall thinke necessary both for the obtaining and defending the said Castle of Dumbarre any thing contained in the treaty of peace notwithstanding VII Item It is conclvded and appointed between the parties aforesaid that during the said truce none of both the Princes aforesaid shall receiue into his Realme territories or dominions any traitour or rebell of the other Prince nor shall maintaine favour aide or comfort any rebell or traytor which is already fled or shall hereafter fly into either the said Princes dominions nor there suffer him or them to tarry or make their abode VIII Item If any such rebell or traytour shall fortune hereafter to arrive in the Realme or territorie of any of the said Princes that th●n the said Prince in whose dominion the said traytour or rebell is so arrived at the instance and request of the other Prince to whom the offence and crime was committed shall bee bound incontinently to deliver the said rebell or traytour to the said demander withont fraud or male engine IX Item That all Scotchmen now inhabiting in England and sworne to the King of England shall and may there inhabite and tarry so that their names within sortie daies after the date of this league bee certified to the King of Scotts or to his Chancellour by the King of England or the warden of the Marches X. Item If during the said amity and peace it shall fortune any of the Wardeines of the said Princes without commandment assent or knowledge of his soveraigne Lord and Master to invade or raise an army in the dominion of the other Prince and there to slay burne or spoyle that then the said Prince to whom the said Wardeine is or shall be subject and vassaile shall within sixe daies next after the fact done and perpetrate declare the said Wardeine a traytour and rebell and thereof shall make certificate to the other Prince to whom the injury was
as they had beene turned into stones for wonder of this shamefull Sermon after which once ended the Preacher gat him home and never after durst looke out for shame but kept him out of sight as an owle and when hee asked any of his old friends what the people talked of him although that his owne conscience will shew him that they talked no good yet when the other answered him that there was in every mans mouth of him much shame spoken it so strooke him to the heart that in few dayes after hee withered away Then on the Tuesday after next following this Sermon being the seventeenth day of Iune there came to Guild Hall London the Duke of Buckingham and divers Lords and Knights more then happily knew the message that they brought And at the East end of the Hall where the Hoystings be kept the Duke and the Major and the other Lords sate downe and the Aldermen also all the commons of the Citty being assembled and standing before them After silence commanded upon a great paine in the Protectours name The Duke stood up and as hee was well learned and of nature marvelously well spoken he said to the people with a cleare and a loud voyce Friends for the the zeale and hearty favour that we bare you we bee come to breake off a matter right great and weightie and no lesse weightie then pleasing to God and profitable to the Realme nor to no part of the Realme more profitable then to you the Citizens of this noble Citie For why the thing that you have long lacked and as we well know sore longed for that you would have gone farre to fetch that thing we be come hither to bring you without your labour paine cost adventure or danger What thing is that Certainely the surety of your owne bodies the quiet of your wives and daughters and the safegard of your wives and daughters and the safegard of your goods Of all which things in times past you stood in doubt For who was hee of you all that could reckon himselfe Lord of his owne goods amongst so many gynnes and trappes as were set for them among so much pilling and polling among so many taxes and talliages of the which there was never end and often times no neede or if any were it grew rather of riot or of unreasonable wast then any necessary honorable cha●ge so that there was daily plucked and pilled from good and honest men great substance of goods to bee lashed out among unthrifts so farre forth that fifteenes sufficed not nor any usuall termes of knowne taxes but under an easie name of benevolence and good will the commissioners tooke so much of every man as no man would with his good will have given As though the name of benevolence had signified that every man should pay not what he of himselfe of his good will list to grant but what the King of his good will list to take who never asked little but every thing was haunsed above the measure amercements turned into fines fines into treason where I thinke that no man looketh that wee shall remember you of examples by name as though Burdet were forgotten which was for a word spoken in haste cruelly beheaded This Burdet was a Merchant dwelling in Cheapeside at the signe of the Crowne which now is the signe of the Flower-de-luce over against Soper-lane This man merily in the ruffling time of King Edward the fourths raigne said to his owne sonne that hee would make him inheritor of the Crowne meaning his owne house but these words King Edward made to be misconstrued and interpreted that Burdet meant the Crowne of the Realme wherfore within lesse space then foure houres he was apprehended judged drawne and quartered in Cheapeside by the misconstruing of the lawes of the Realme for the Princes pleasure with no lesse honour to Markam chiefe Justice then which lost his office rathen then hee would assent to that judgement What neede I to speake of sir Thomas Cooke Alderman and Mayor of this noble Cittie who is of you either for negligence that wotteth not or so forgetfull that hee remembreth not or so hard-hearted that he pittieth not that worshipfull mans losse what speake I of losse his wonderfull spoyle and undeserved destruction onely because it happened him to favour them whom the Prince favored not We need not rehearse of these any more by name sith I doubt not that here be many present that either in themselves or their nigh friends aswell their goods as their persons were greatly endangered either by fained quarrells or small matters aggravated with hainous names and also there was no crime so great of which there could lacke a pretext For sith the King preventing the time of his inheritance attained the Crowne by battell it sufficed in a rich man for a pretext of treason to have beene of kinred or aliance neere of familiaritie or longer of acquaintance with any of those that were at any time the Kings enemies which was at one time or another more then halfe the Realm Thus were neither your goods nor lands in surety and yet they brought your bodies in jeopardie besides the common adventure of open warre which albeit that it is ever the will and occasion of much mischiefe yet it is never so mischievous as where any people fall in division 〈◊〉 distance among the●selves and in no Realme earthly so deadly and so pes●ilent as when it happeneth amongst us And among us never contiued so long dissention nor so many battels in any season nor so cruell nor so deadly fought as were in the Kings daies that is dead In whose time and by whose occasion what about the getting of the Garland keeping it leesing and winning it againe it hath cost more English blood then hath the twice winning of France In which inward war amongst our selves hath beene so great effusion of the ancient noble blood of this Realme that scarcely the halfe remaineth to the great enfeebling of this noble land besides many a good towne ransaked and spoyled by them that have been going to the field or returning from thence and peace after not much surer then warre So that no time was there in the which rich men for their money and great men for their lands or some other for some feare or for some displeasure were out of perill For whom trusted hee that mistrusted his owne brother Whom spared hee that killed his owne Brother Could not such manner of folke that he most favoured doe somewhat wee shall for his honour spare to speake howbeit this you know well all that whoso was best bare ever the least rule and more suite in his dayes was to Shores wife a vile and abominable strumpet then to all the Lords in England except unto those that made her their Protector which simple woman was yet well named and honest till the King for his wanton lust and sinfull affection bereft her of her Husband a right
winges of horsemen coasting and ranging on every side And keeping this array he with great pompe entred the towne of Leiceste after the sunne set The Earle of Richmond raised his campe and departed from Lichfield to the towne of Tomworth thereto neere adjoyning and in the mid way passing there saluted him Sir Walter Hungerford and sir Thomas Burchier Kinghts and divers other which yeelded and submitted themselves to his pleasure For they being advertised that King Richard had them in suspition and jelousie a little beyond Stony stratford left forsooke privily their Captaine Robert Brakenbury and by nocturnall wandering and in manner by unknowne pathes and uncertaine waies searching at the last came to the Earle Henry Diverse other noble personages which inwardly hated King Richard worse then a toade or a serpent likewise to him resorted with their power and strength There happened in this progression to the Earle of Richmond a strange chance worthy to be noted for albeit he was a man of hautie and valiant courage and that his army encreased and daily more and more he waxed puisaunt and stronger yet hee was not a little afraid because he in no wise could bee assured of his father in law Thomas Lord Stanley which for feare of the destruction of the Lord Strange his sonne as you have heard as yet enclined to neither partie For if hee had gone to the Earle and that notified to King Richard his sonne had shortly beene executed Wherefore sith the Earles feare sprang not of nothing he accompanied with twenty light horsemen lingered in his journey as a man disconsolate musing and imagining what was best to bee done And the more to aggravate his melancholy pensivenesse it was shewed him that King Richard was at hand with a strong power and a populous army While he thus pensive dragged behind his hoast the whole army came before the town of Tomwoorth when he for the deepe darkenesse could not perceive the steppes of them that passed on before and had wandered hither and thither seeking after his company and yet not once hearing any noyse or whispering of them hee diverted to a little village being about three miles from his army taking great thought and much fearing lest hee should be espied and so trapped by K. Richards scoutwatch There hee tarried all night not once adventuring to aske or demand a question of any creature he being no more amased with the jeopardy and perill that was passed then with this present chaunce sore feared it should bee a prognostication or prodigiall signe of some unfortunate plague afterward to succeede As he was not merry being absent from his company likewise his army much marvelled and no lesse mourned for his sodaine and in tempestious absence The next morning early in the dawning of the day hee returned and by the conduct of good fortune espied and came to his army excusing himselfe not to have gone out of his way by ignorance but for a policie devised for the nonce he went from his campe to receive some glad message from certaine of his privie friends secret alies This excuse made hee privilie departed againe from his hoast to the towne of Aderstone where the Lord Stanley and sir William his brother with their bands were abiding There the Earle came first to his fatherinlaw in a little close where hee saluted him and sir William his brother and after diverse congratulations many friendly embracings each rejoyced of the state of the other and suddenly were surprised with great joy comfort and hope of great fortunate successe in all their affaires and doings Afterward they consulted together how to give battaile to K. Richard if hee would abide whom they knew not to be far off with an huge army In the evening of the same day sir Iohn Savage sir Brian Sanford sir Simon Digby and many other leaving King Richard turned came to the part of the Earle of Richmond with an elect company of men Which refusall of King Richards part by men of such experience did augment and increase both the good hope and the puissance of the Earle of Richmond In the meane season King Richard which was appointed now to finish his last labour by the very divine justice and providence of God which called him to condigne punishment for his scelerate merits and mischievous deserts marched to a place meete for two battailes to encounter by a village called Bosworth not farre from Leicester and there hee pitched his field refreshed his souldiers and tooke his rest The fame went that hee had that same night a dreadfull and terrible dreame for it seemed to him being asleepe that hee saw divers images like terrible devills which pulled and haled him not suffering him to take any quiet or rest The which strange vision not so suddenly strake his heart with a sudden feare but it stuffed his head and troubled his minde with many dreadfull and busie Imaginations For incontinent after his heart being almost damped hee prognosticated before the doubtfull chance of the battaile to come not using the alacritie and mirth of minde and of countenance as he was accustomed to doe before hee came towards the battell And lest that it might bee suspected that hee was abashed for feare of his enemies and for that cause hee looked so pittifully hee recited and declared to his familiar friends in the morning his wonderfull vision and terrible dreame But I thinke this was no dreame but a punction and pricke of his sinfull conscience for the conscience is so much more charged and aggravate as the offence is greater and more haynous in degree which prick of conscience although it strike not alwaies yet at the last day of extreame life it is wonte to shew and represent to us our faults and offences and the paines and punishments which hang over our heads for the same to the intent that at the instant we for our deserts being penitent and repentant may bee compelled to lament and bewaile our sinnes like forsakers of this world jocund to depart out of this miserable life Now to returne againe to our purpose the next day after K. Richard being furnished with men and all abiliments of wa● bringing all his men out of their campe into the plaine ordered his foreward in a marvellous length in which hee appointed both horsemen and footmen to the intent to imprint in the hearts of them that looked a farre off a sodaine terrour and deadly feare for the great multitude of the armed souldiers and in the fore front hee placed the archers like a strong fortified trench or bulwarke over this battaile was captaine Iohn Duke of Norfolke with whom was Thomas Earle of Surrey his sonne After this long vangard followed King Richard himselfe with a strong company of chosen and approved men of warre having horsemen for winges on both the sides of his battell After that the Earle of Richmond was departed from the communicatiō of his friends as you