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A08306 Speculum Britanniae. The first parte an historicall, & chorographicall discription of Middlesex. Wherin are also alphabeticallie sett downe, the names of the cyties, townes, parishes hamletes, howses of name &c. W.th direction spedelie to finde anie place desired in the mappe & the distance betwene place and place without compasses. Cum priuilegio. By the trauaile and vew of Iohn Norden. Anno 1593; Speculum Britanniae. Part 1 Norden, John, 1548-1625?; Keere, Pieter van den, ca. 1571-ca. 1624, engraver. 1593 (1593) STC 18635; ESTC S113229 40,877 140

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Lambeth or Lomehith and had ouer against the schoole that nowe is a stately house Lelande yet Lelande affirmeth the contrary who saith that the Bishops of Caunterburie haue continued at Lambeth since the Normanes comming into this land There is an auncient monument within the libertie of Westminster Charing crosse called Charing crosse erected about the yeere of Christ Tho. Wals 1290. by EDW. 1. in memoriall of the death of Elineor his Queene who died at Hardlie neere Lincolne was buried in Westminster The libertie of Westminster extendeth to Temple bar Temple bar so cal-called of the Temple within the same bar and is called the bar for that it stoppeth and barreth the Mayor of London as also the Magistrates of Westminster that neither intrude vpon other This bar or gate was throwne downe by the Kentish rebels in the time of RIC. 2. Within the libertie of Westminster are fower parish Churches Parish Churches in the libertie of Westminster besides S. Peters namelie S. Margarets S. Martynes neere Charing crosse The Sauoy Church S. Clements called Saint Clements Dacorum or Saint Clements Danes In the time of superstition there was in Westminster a place called the Sanctuary The Sanctuary of an old Mosaical ryte vsed among the Israelites among whom euery tribe had certaine cities and places of refuge to which malefactors might repaire and for a time be protected from the rigor of the law There was at Westminster kept a staple of wooll The Woulstaple and is at this daie called the Woolstaple established in the time of EDWARD the 3. The Sauoye was first built as M. Stowe hath recorde by Peter Earle of Sauoy The Sauoy who was after made Earle of Richmonde by HENRIE the 3. who called it the Sauoy after his Countrie But Poll. Virg. Pollid Virg. alloweth him not Earle of Sauoy but calleth him Petrus sebaudiensis Peter a Sauoyan or of the countrie of Sauoy who as the same Poll. affirmeth buylt the same and called it the Sauoy of his natiue Countrey Sauoye It was belonging vnto the Duke of Lancaster in the time of RIC. the 2. in whose time it was wasted burned and spoyled by the Kentish rebels about the yere 1381. It was reedefied by HEN. 7. by whose last will it was intended to be finished and made an Hospitall for the reliefe of a 100. poore people which was perfourmed by the most famous HEN. the 8. his sonne and sufficiently furnished with lande and reuenues for the maintenance thereof Queene ELIZABETH hath within the precincts of this Citie three faire and pleasant pallaces Howses of Queene Elizabeths within Westminster namely White hall begun by Cardinall Woolsey and finished with manie most princely delights by HEN. 8. S. Ieames erected by the same king HEN. 8. and Somerset house builded by the Duke of Somerset about the yeere of Christ 1549. There are other houses worthy to be remembred within this libertie of Westminster as Burghley house Burgley house founded and erected by the right honorable S. William Cycell knight Lord Burghley Lord high treasoror of England Durham or Dunelme house sometime belonging to the Bishop of Durham Durham house builded it was builded by one Anthony Becke in the time of RICHARD the third Other famous houses of nobility are in this precinct which to mention I omit for breuitie Places distinguished in the Map of Westminster by these letters and figures following A. The Abbey B. Westminster hall D. Long ditche E. Theuing lane F. The Amnerie G. The way to Toothill fielde H. The Lord Dacres I. Lord Grayes K. Kings streete L. Round Woulstaple M. The Parke lodgings N. The Tilt-yard O. S. Martynes in the field P. Clements Inne Q. New Inne R. S. Clements Danes S. Temple barre V. Drurie lane Y. The Gatehouse 2. S. Margarets 3. S. Stephens alley 5. Petite Fraunce 6. H. 7. Chappell 7. Deanes yarde 8. Tennies Courtes 9. Way to Hounslow 10. The Powder house 11. White hall Orchard 12. The Queenes Garden 13. Staple Inne This Citie of Westminster is knowne to haue no generall trade whereby releefe might be administred vnto the common sort as by Marchandize clothing or such like whereby the common wealth of a Citie is maineteined and the inferiour people set to worke had they not therefore some other meanes the common sort could nor be susteined The chiefe meane whereby Westminster is releeued The first and principall meane whereby they are releeued is hir Maiesties residence at White hall or S. Ieames whence if hir grace be long absent the poore people forthwith complaine of penury and want of a hard and miserable world And therefore doe the people in manner generally seeme to power forth dayly petitions that it might please God to draw hir Maiestie to be resident at one of these places whereat they reioyce and fare long the better The like desire of hir Royall presence haue other places where hir Maiesties Pallaces are placed And hir Maiestie in gracious consideration of their estates doth visit them as it were Alternis vicebus by turne at hir highnes pleasure more for the comfort and releefe of the poore people then for hir owne priuate delight Therefore yee Citizens of Westminster and other whatsoeuer forget not to be thankefull to the the Almightie for hir Royall presence hartely praying the King of Kings to maintaine hir a prospering Queene long and many yeeres and euery faithfull hart will ioyne with you hauing also the benefite of hir blessed inclination The seconde meane whereby this poore Citie is maintained The second meane the Tearmes and the people releeued is by the fower Termes in the yeere for it hath pleased God to establish there the place where Iustice lawe and euerie mans right is God graunt it with equall ballance indifferently administred whereunto great multitudes of people vsually flocke whose resort although the Citie enioie but in the forenoone yet yeeldeth their presence manie pence to the poore towne There was in the time of EDW. 1. a discontinuance of the lawe The hearing of causes remooued to Yorke in this Citie and was thence remooued to Yorke where it continued seauen yeeres after reduced to the former place It hath beene often discontinued by the disfauour of Princes and their conceiued displeasure against the inhabitants of the place for disobedience as a generall punishment Receiue this ye inhabitants of Westminster as a necessarie premonition that ye rest carefull and vigilant least the king of kings mooue her Maiestie to place the determination of causes else where which now is vnto you no small support The third and last meane though it come seldome is that great and generall convencion of all the estates of this lande The third mean the Parliament the high Court of Parleament which draweth vnto it a great accesse of noble persons and others to the place of assemblie which is also set most gratiously within this Citie which
betweene it and Syon entreth into the Thames This worde Brent among the countrey people of those partes signifieth Brent the word how the people take the signification and is taken for all brookes riuers and currants of water therefore is euerie small brooke called the Brent among them Neere vnto this place Edmond Ironside Edm. Ironsides conflict with the Danes assaulted the Danes which he had driuen from the siedge of London and there put manie of them to the sword and put the residue to flight about anno Christi 1016. the place appeereth by this carracter ✚ Brentford old H. 14. a little thorowfare * Bushoppes hall F. 22. the house of the Lord Wentwoorth Blackwall G. 22. neere which is a harbor in the Thamis for shipping Blackwall why so called the place taketh name of the blackenes or darkenes of the water bankes or wall at that place Brompton G. 16. ** Boston G. 12. where dwelleth Iherome Halley Esquire Bedfont west H. 6. Bedfont east H. 8. * Brumfielde C. 20. the house of Skeuington Esquire C. Cannons D. 10. Crowch ende D. 18. * Coanie Hatch D. 18. there dwelleth Trot Gentleman Clapton E. 22. ** Canburie or Cannonburie E. 20. a house in the hands of Atee Gentleman It was builded by prior Bolton prior of Saint Bartholmewes in Smithfield in the time of H. 8. Childes hill E. 16. Chalcot or Chalkhill E. 16. Cowley F. 6. Chelsey G. 18. Chelsey why so called So called of the nature of the place whose strond is like the chesel which the sea casteth vp of sand pebble stones Therof called Cheselsey breefely Chelsey as is Chelsey in Sussex north of Chychester which standeth vpon the very edge of the sea as this * Chelsey on the Thamise Queene ELIZABETH hath there a faire house The Lord Dacres hath there a faire house Cheswicke H. 14. belonging to a prebend of Paules now in the handes of Doctor Goodman Deane of Westminster where he hath a faire house whereunto in the time of any common plague or sicknes as also to take the aire he withdraweth the schollers of the colledge of Westminster * Colham Collumbe or Colneham G. 6. a house of the Earle of Darbies which taketh name Colneham of the scytuation thereof so neere a branch of Colne streame Colbrooke or Colnebroke G. 6. one little part wherof is in MIDDLESEX as farre as the bridge the rest is Buckingham shire Craneford H. 8. It is so called of the forde or brooke called by the name of Crane Carleton or Charleton K. 8. D. Dalis D. 14. Dryuers hill D. 14. * Durance B. 20. the house of Robert Wroth Esquire ** Durhams B. 14. Lacye Gentleman a house in the hands of Daleson hill E. 14. Dormans well F. 10. the house of the Lo. Dacres * Drayton G. 6. a house late the Lord Pagets E. Edgeworth D. 12. consisting of one maine streete the west side whereof belongeth to little Stanmer called also Whitchurch the other part hath a church in it selfe ƿorþ ƿorþ in the Saxon toong signifieth a place fruitefull and fit in regarde of the apt scytuation thereof to be inhabited this ƿorþ standing on the very edge of the shire may be called Edgeworth of some but corruptly Edgeware East end D. 16. a member of Finchley Edmondton or Edelmeton C. 20. In the Church whereof are sundry ancient monuments the most of them defaced among which is a tombe of gray Marble circumscribed thus Hic iacent corpora Thomae Carleton cuiusdā dni Thomas Careleton buried istius villae qui obiit 21. die Februar Anno Do. 1447. Elizabethae vxo ris eius filiae Adae Francis militis per quam habuit dominium whose arms are these There is also one Iohn Kirketon Esquire Iohn Kirketen buried whose monument is of white free stone erected in the south wall of the Church and seemeth as auncient as the Church it selfe but there is no record of the time of his decease his armes are these There is a fable of one Peter Fabell that lyeth in the same Church also Peter Fabell buried who is saide to haue beguiled the Deuell by pollicie for money But the Deuell is deceite it selfe and hardly deceiued Edmonton streete C. 20. Enfield B. 20. sometime parcell of the land of the Duke of Lancaster now Queene Elizabeths The chace called Enfield chace taketh name of this place It is called of some Enfen and so recorded Enfen in regarde of the Fenny scytuation of some part thereof vpon the marshes or meerish ground which though now brought to be good meadow and profitable pasture it hath beene in time past fenney thereof taking the name Enfen or Infen now Enfielde But these fenney grounds are now on the east as the chace in the west profitable neighbors not onely vnto Enfield but to many other poore inhabitants neere Elinge called great Elinge G. 12. Thomas frowike buried In the Church whereof lyeth buried Thomas Frowike sometime owner of Gunnersbury or Gunwelsbury an auncient seat within the same parish Eueney H. 6. a ferme house belonging vnto the Deane and chapter of Westminster Enfielde house A. 20. Queene ELIZABETHS builded by an Earle of Worcester F. Frith called also New hall D. 14. sometime the Therlebyes now Richard Weekes Gentleman Lord Frowike by purchace Finchley D. 16. In the Church whereof lyeth the Lord Frowyke Lord chiefe Iustice of England in the time of H. 6. vnder a Marble toombe where hath beene his picture and armes in brasse with circumscription about the toombe but now defaced his armes onely remayning in the chauncell window in this manner There is also another Marble stone hauing the picture of a woman whereon is inscribed thus Ioan la feme Thomas de Frowicke gist icy le dit Thomas Pense de giser aueque luy There lyeth also buried vnder a Marble stone in the Chauncell of the Church one Thomas Aldenham Esquire sometime Chirurgion to King Henrie the sixt who died in Anno 1431. Thomas Aldeuham his armes Fryarne Barnet C. 18. ** Fryarne Mannor C. 18. Sir Iohn Popham knight Lord chiefe Iustice of England sometime maketh there his abode ** The Folde B. 16. the house of Fulham H. 16. of the Saxons called fullonham which as Master Camden taketh it signifieth Volucrum domus the habitacle of birdes or the place of fowles fullon and fuglas in the Saxon toong doe signifie fowles and Ham or Hame as much as home in our toong So that fullon Ham or fuglasHame is as much to saie as the home house or habitacle of fowle It may be also taken for Volucrum amnis the riuer of fowle for Ham also in many places signifieth Amnis a riuer But it is most probable it should be of lande fowle which vsually haunt groues and clusters of trees whereof in this place it see-meth hath beene plentie * There is an auncient house belonging to the sea of London moated aboute Henry the