Selected quad for the lemma: justice_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
justice_n	king_n	law_n	people_n	8,247	5	5.1348	4	true

Text snippets containing the quad

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A46427	Mores hominum = The manners of men / described in sixteen satyrs by Juvenal, as he is published in his most authentick copy, lately printed by command of the King of France ; whereunto is added the invention of seventeen designes in picture, with arguments to the satyrs ; as also explanations to the designes in English and Latine ; together with a large comment, clearing the author in every place wherein he seemed obscure, out of the laws and customes of the Romans, and the Latine and Greek histories, by Sir Robert Stapylton, Knight.; Works. English. 1660	Juvenal.; Stapylton, Robert, Sir, d. 1669.; Hollar, Wenceslaus, 1607-1677.	1660 (1660)	Wing J1280; ESTC R21081	275,181	643

Mother to Diana and Apollo And to have two Deities by Jupiter might well make her a proud Woman and a joyfull Mother as she is said to be both in Homer and Virgil. Verse 349. Lucrece Daughter to Tricipicinus Praefect of Rome Wife to Tarquinius Collatinus the great Example of Roman Chastity When Sextus Tarquin could not prevail with her by Courtship he resolved to force her and entring her Bedchamber with his sword drawn threatned more then to kill her if she yielded not for he said that when he had murdered her he would lay the dead body of a Slave in her armes to the end they might think her slain for an Adultress Terrified with these menaces to avoid infamy she suffered a Rape In the morning she sent for her Father her Husband and the rest of her Friends and breaking forth into tears acquainted them with the Tyrant's Act and immediately pulling out a knife which privately she carried for that purpose she stabbed her self Her Father Husband and Friends moved with this sad spectacle opened the business to the People which took armes against the Tyrants drive them out of Rome and banished both their King and Kingship T. Collatine upon his VVife's Monument is said to have placed this Inscription yet extant at Rome in the Bishop of Viterbo's Palace Collatinus Tarquinius dulcissimae Conjugi incomparabili pudicitiae decori mulierum gloriae Vixit annis XXII mensibus II. diebus VI. proh dolor quae fuit charissima Collatinus Tarquinius to his sweetest Wife the most incomparable pattern of Chastity the glory of her Sex she lived 22 years 2 moneths and 6 dayes Woe is me she that was my dearest This Epitaph is likewise to be seen amongst the Fabrician Antiquities Quum foderet ferro castum Lucretia pectus Sanguinis torrens egrederetur ait Procedant testes me non placuisse Tyranno Ante virum Sanguis Spiritus ante deos The wound in her chaste breast when Lucrece made The crimson torrent bursting out she said Come forth you Witnesses that Tarquin stole No love Blood to my lord to heav'n my Soul See Liv. in the end of lib. 1. Verse 351 Virginia A great Beauty Daughter to L. Virginius a Plebeian The Decemvir Appius Claudius laid a plot to ravish her and that he might doe it without danger of the Law he suborned one of his Clients to take her for a Slave as being a supposititious Child to Virginius his Wife and the reall Issue of a Slave to the said Client for whom his Patron Appius gave Judgement that so he might have free access to her Her Father not knowing any other way to preserve his Daughter unstained slew her with his own hands and bid her Goe Daughter I send thee to the shades of our fore-fathers free and honest two titles which tyranny would not let thee enjoy living Then with his hands reeking in his Daughter's blood he fled to his fellow souldiers and told them what inforced him to murder her For this Claudius first suffered imprisonment and then death Liv. Verse 351. Rutila Lura Rutila an ugly bunch-backt woman that lived to be above threescore and seventeen years old Plin. lib. 7. Verse 356. Sabines If they had not been chaste and loving VVives they would hardly have come to make a Peace between their Husbands and their Fathers ready to joyn battail as you may see in the Comment upon Sat. 6. Verse 378. Servilia A Lady very deformed both in body and mind that still made her Gallants her Pentioners Verse 384. Bellerophon A Person infinitely handsome Son to Glaucus King of Ephyre He being in the Argive Court was looked upon with an eye of pleasure by Sthenoboea Wife to Praetus King of Argos and she stuck not to invite him to her imbraces but beyond her expectation suffering a flat denyall She was so much inraged at this affront to her beauty that she accused the innocent stranger for attempting to ravish her The King credited her testimony but when she pressed him to doe her justice he would not violate the Lawes of hospitality so as to kill him in his own Palace but desired the favour that Bellerophon in his journey through Lycia would deliver his and the Queen's Letters which you may be sure moved for his present execution to her Father Jobates that being though not less cruel then his Daughter yet more carefull of his honor would not put him to death publickly but imployed him in a desperate service against his enemies the Solymi a barbarous and warlike people to which he with a small force gave a totall rout After this and many other dangers conquered by his valour he was sent to kill that hidious Monster the Chimaera which he did by the favour of Neptune that accommodated him with the winged horse Pegasus Jobates admiring the courage and fortune of the Youth gave him part of his Kingdome with one of his Daughters by whom he had Isander Hippolochus and Laodamia Hom. Iliad VVhen Sthenoboea heard of his marriage with her Sister she killed her self Bellerophon proud of his successes attempted to flie up to heaven but Jove sent a gad-flie that made his horse cast him and break his neck the place where he fell being afterwards called the Alleian Field But Pegasus performed his journey and was made a Star by Jupiter Some say that as Castor invented a Coach and Erichton a Chariot so Bellerophon found out the use of Gallies wherewith in a Sea-fight he conquered that valiant people the Solymi and sailing he was said to flye upon the back of a winged horse Vid. Pindar Interpr Verse 385. Hippolytus Son to Theseus by Hippolyta the Amazon others say by Antiope His whole delight was to be on horse-back in the field a hunting When he returned to Court he regarded not the Ladies that were much taken with his person and in the first place the Queen his Step-mother Phoedra She found an opportunity in her Husband's absence to intice him to her Bed but he gave her a flat denyall with much indignation which so incensed her that she told his Father he intended to ravish her and murder him Hippolytus understanding his Step-mother's designe upon his life took Coach and fled But the Sea-calves lying then upon the shore frighted with the rattling of his wheels and the neighing of his horses tumbled into the Sea with such a hideous noise that the horses started and ran away with Hippolytus drawing the poor Youth tangled in the rains through the craggy rocks till they pulled him to pieces He was buried in the Aricine Grove consecrated to Diana Ovid Fast. lib. 3. Diana pittying her fellow-Huntsman desired the great Physitian Aesculapius to use all his skill for recovery of the dead Prince whose torn limbs he set together and by his Hermetick art brought him to life again Hippolytus revived left Attica and came into Italy where he called himself Virbius twice a man there he married a Lady whose name was

call thee of what ever blood If thou art born to doe thy Country good Rome when thou com'st shall make as loud a shout As Aegypt when OSYRIS is found out But who will honour him that 's Honours shame Noble in nothing but a noble name We call a Lord's Dwarfe Giant a Moor Swan A crooked Maid whose height at thrice we span EUROPA to Dogs that lick dishes dry Mangy and lazy Dogs we Lion cry Panther or Tiger if there be a brute More fierce we give those Curs his Attribute Take heed thou go'st not for a CRETICUS And bear'st the Camerini's title thus Whom do I counsell 't is to thee I speak RUBELLIUS PLAUTUS swolne as they would break With Drusian blood thy veins doe proudly run As if thou had'st some thing of honour done For which the mighty Princess born to shine In all the splendor of the JULIAN line Must needs have teem'd thee and not she that sits On our bleak Mount and for her living knits You are sayes he poor Rogues Plebeian scumme Your Fathers no man knows from whence they come But I am a CECROPIAN bless your Grace And give you joy of your illustrious race Yet in that scumme your Lordship may finde out A poor Plebeian that 's imploy'd about Defending with his learned tongue or pen The Causes of unlearned Noble-men Out of the gowned People doth he rise That reads Law-Riddles and their knots unties In armes this poor Youth at Euphrates stands That with our Standard guards the Netherlands Thou meerly a CECROPIAN art and we Like MERCURY'S old Statue worship thee For other difference no Optick gives But his head 's marble and thy Image lives Tell me thou Trojan Progeny who thinks The Beast is generous whose courage shrinks We praise the Horse that easy'st wins the course And makes the shouting Circus oftest hoarse He 's noble let his breed be what it will Runs best and casts the durt up formost still But they are sold though HIRPIN were their Sire Or CORITHA their Damme that basely tire And lose the match what their fore-fathers won Dyes there no honour is to shadowes done Then bought at low rates slow-feet having got New Masters no more draw a Chariot But with gall'd necks at Waggons tug and gird Or are to NEPOS his Horse-Mill prefer'd That we may therefore you not yours admire First Sir some honour of your own acquire Which we may on their Monuments engrave To whom we pay and you owe all you have Let it suffice that we have said thus much To that proud puff't up Youth Fame speaks him such Full of his Kinsman NERO For 't is rare If mighty fortunes common sense can share But PONTICUS I would not have thee go Upon thy Ancestors past praises so As that to future praise thou should'st not rise Hee 's wretched that on others fame relies When once foundations shrink the Pillars fall The Widdow'd Vine droops at th' Elm's funerall Be a good Souldier a good Guardian be A Judge from favour and corruption free And if in Court thou shalt a Witness stand Though PHALLERIS an untruth should command And dictating a perjury bring in His brazen Bull think it the foulest sin Should'st thou to save thy breath thy honour spend And forfeit for thy life life's chiefest end Death such a man deserves nor lives indeed Though him a hundred Gauran Oisters feed At one meal though the unguents COSMUS us'd In 's brazen Bath be all on him diffus'd When Governor thy su'd-for Province hath At length receiv'd thee bridle in thy wrath Bound Avarice pitty our Associate's groans Behold the marrow squeez'd Kings empty bones Th' Imperial Laws the Senate's Justice note How worth 's advanc'd and how their thunder smote TUTOR and CAPITO for making prize Ev'n of Cilician Pyrates heavy lyes The doom on them but poor man where 's thy ease When PANSA all that NATTA left will seize Thy rags CHAERIPPUS let the Cryer sell Go not to law since thou art us'd so well 'T is madness after all to cast away The Ferry-money that should CHARON pay Not such th' old losses nor so deep the wound When our Allyes in Riches did abound Each House had heaps of Coin Store-houses full Of Coan Silks and Sparta's purple Wool PARRHASIUS his Pictures Ivory brought To life by PHIDIAS Statues MIRON wrought Or POLYCLET did in each corner wait And scarce a Table but had MENTOR'S plate Thus th' unjust Governour ANTONIUS here Feathers his Nest and DOLABELLA there Thus VERRES did by sacriledge increase And stole aboard his ships the spoils of Peace Now friends to Rome a Yoke of Oxen feed Or some few Mares which they reserve for breed Out of whose Pasture ev'n the Bull or Horse The Father of their Stock Tax-masters force Their Lares and whatsoe're doth handsome look If 't be their only Cottage God 't is took And such a toy the Provinces doe call Their greatest wealth and may for 't is their All. Perhaps thou slightst and mayst securely slight Oild Corinth Rhodes that was not fram'd to fight For soft thigh'd men if pressures should provoke How can smooth rosind Youth shake off the yoke ' Ware Spanish foot French horse oppress not thus Illyrian Sea-men Reapers feeding us That at Circensian Races spend our time And Stage-playes But what gains so base a crime When MARIUS late left Africa so bare However let it be thy Master-care That poor and stout men no great wrong receive Though thou tak'st Gold and Silver thou wilt leave Helmets and Javelins to revenge their harms And Swords and Shields the plunder'd will find armes Not my own sense I speak for truth I plead Believe it Lords a Sibyl's Leafe you read If virtuous Friends and Servants with thee dwell If no fair Minion thy tribunall sell If no insatiate Wife run up and down Through ev'ry Country and to ev'ry Town Bending her crooked tallons to lay hold Like a fierce Harpy on a prey of Gold Then bring thy birth from PICUS or do'st love Great names take all the Giants that fought JOVE PROMETHEUS himself thy Father make Progenitors from any Story take But if rash pride and lust thy soul provoke If in the Subjects blood thy Rods be broke If thou delight'st to see the Beadle tyr'd Th' axe blunted the Nobility acquir'd By thy great Parents stands against thy claim And holds a glorious Torch before thy shame Each crime is so conspiciously base As he that sins is great in birth or place To me thy Ancestors how can'st thou boast When to the Temples which they built thou go'st To forge a Will their spirits to affront While their triumphall Statues look upon 't Or how when nightly thy adult'rous blood Conceals it's blushes in a French fools-hood Where his fore-fathers bones and ashes ly In 's Coach fat DAMASIPPUS hurries by And though now Consull with huge iron Stayes Strikes a Choach-wheel himselfe in down-hill wayes By night indeed but yet the Moon discryes And Stars bear

which by an Earthquake was from thence poured out and therefore by the Graecians called Prochyta But Dionys Halicar lib. 1. affirms the name to be derived from Prochyta Nurse to Aeneas Verse 6. Suburra One of the fairest and most frequented Streets in Rome Festus from the authority of Verrius saith it had the name a fuccurrendo for as much as the Courts of Guard were there which relieved the Watch when the Gabines besieged that part of the Town and to shew that the change of the letters came only by the vulgar errour of pronouncing he tells us that in his time the Tribe or Inhabitants of the Suburra was written Tribus Succurranea not Suburrana nor Suburana as Varro would have it called for being under the old Bulwark sub muro terreo Varro lib. 4. de ling. lat Verse 10. Poets that in August read Among the sufferings of those that lived constantly in Rome my Author reckons the torment they were put to by the Poets whom they could not be rid of even in the moneth of August when the extremity of heat was enough to kill a man that being pressed by their importunity must stand in the open Street to hear their ridiculous Verses read and Vmbricius seems the more sensible of the misery in regard it only fell upon the meaner sort for all the great persons of Rome were then at their Country-houses to which they removed upon the Calends or first day of July Verse 12. At the ancient Arc by moist Capena An Arc was a Monument of stone raised like to the Arch of a Bridge in memory of some triumph or victory and this Arc was built in honour of the Horatii afterwards it was called the distilling or dropping Arc because over it the pipes were laid that carried the water into Rome from Egeria's Fountain Ovid Fast. Egeria est quae praebet aquas Dea grata Camenoe Illa Numae Conjux consiliumque fuit Egeria waters us the Muses prize her She was King Numa's Wife and his Adviser Verse 13. Where Numa every night his Goddess met Numa Pompilius second King of the Romans was born at Cures a Town of the Sabines He was famous for Justice and Piety He pacified the fury of his Neighbours and brought the Roman Souldiers that were grown cruell and savage in their long War under King Romulus to a love of peace and reverence of Religion He built the Temple of Janus which being opened signified war being shut times of Peace and all the whole Reign of Numa it was shut but stood open after his death for fourty years together He created the Dial Martial and Quirinal Flamens or Priests He instituted a Colledge of Twelve Salian Priests of Mars He consecrated the Vestall Virgins declared the Pontifex Maximus or Chief Bishop distinguished the dayes Fasti and Nefasti the Court-dayes and Vacation or Justicium divided the year into twelve moneths and to strike a Veneration into the hearts of the Romans and make them observe what he enjoyned out of an awfull religious duty he made them believe that every night he met a Goddess or Nymph which he called Egeria from whose mouth he received his whole form of government their place of meeting was in a Grove without the Porta Capena called afterwards the Muses Grove wherein was a Temple consecrated to them and to the Goddess Egeria whose Fountain waters the Grove Ovid that calls her Numa's Wife saith likewise that she grieving for his death wept her self into a Fountain Metamorph lib. 15. which Fountain Grove and Temple at a yearly Rent were let out to the Jews grown so poor after the Sack of Jerusalem that all their Stock was a Basket for their own meat and hay to give their Horses Lastly King Numa after he had reigned fourty years beloved and honoured by his own People and all the neighbour-States died not having any strugle with nature meerly of old age By his Will he commanded that his body should not be burned but that two stone-Chests or Coffins should be made in one of which they should put his Corps and in the other the Books he had written Plutarch in Numa where he saith and quotes his Author Valerius Ansius that the Coffin of Numa's Books contained four and twenty twelve of Ceremonies and twelve of Philosophy written in Greek Four hundred years after P. Cornelius and M. Baebius being Consuls by a sudden inundation the earth was loosned and the covers of the Coffins opened but there was no part of his body found in the one in the other all the Books intire preserved by the earth and water But Petilius then Praetor had the reading of them which occasioned their destruction by fire for he acquaniting the Senate with their Contents it was not thought fit by the great Councell of Rome that secrets of such a nature should be divulged to the People so the books were brought into Court and burned Verse 25. Vmbricius A man rare at divination by the entrails of sacrificed beasts Pliny He foretold the death of Galba Tacit. but those honest Arts not bringing in sufficient to maintain Vmbricius in Rome he scorned to use cozning Arts by playing the Mountebank for a livelyhood as you see by his words How your Planet runs I know not promise Father's deaths to Sons Nor can nor will I I did ne're dissect Toads entrails Upon these Premisses he concludes What should I doe at Rome From whence contemning the vanities and baseness of the Town with his whole household in a Waggon this poor Aruspex went out in greater triumph at the Porta Capena or Triumphal Gate then ever any Conqueror entred by it into Rome Verse 30. Daedalus An Athenian Handicraft-man Sonne of Mition the most ingenious Artist of his time From his invention we have the Saw the Hatchet the Plummet and Line the Auger Glue and Cement He was the Inventor of Sails and Sail-yards which undoubtedly occasioned the Fable of his invention of Wings He set eyes in Statues and by secret springs wheels and wyers gave motion to those men of marble so artificially as they appeared to be living an Art revived in the reign of the Emperor Charles the Fifth by his Mathematician Janellus Turrianus See Strada in his Hist. Dec. 1. How Daedalus built the Labyrinth was imprisoned in it and escaped by the VVings he made himself you have in the Comment upon Sat. 1. From thence flying to Sardinia then as farre as Cumae there he laid down those Wings the Wings of Sails as Virgil calls them and rested upon the Terra firma Lucian lib. de Astrolo tells us that Daedalus was a Mathematician and his Son Icarus taught Astrology but being a young man full of fiery immaginations he soared too high pride bringing him into error and so fell into a Sea of notions whose depth was not to be sounded Verse 33. Lachesis The three fatall Goddesses which the Heathens believed to dispose the thread of mans life were Clotho Lachesis

Fish for which he takes the 13 Fisherman That waits in hope of the Imperial pay For bringing-in the business of the day Resolved upon the Question that this shoale Of Turbots in one Monster be boild whole The Manners of Men. THE FOURTH SATYR OF JUVENAL The ARGUMENT The Mullet by Crispinus bought Sets off the Turbot that was brought To Court a Rhombus only for The pallat of an Emperor The Senate's call'd and character'd The Fathers to the Fish prefer'd In Caesars Albane Palace sit And pass a Vote for boiling it BEhold CRISPINUS once again held forth And oft I 'll shew him Monster whom no worth Redeems from vice weak only strong in lust Who meerly does the Widow's sweets disgust What matter then how many Porticos Tire his Coach through what Groves in 's Chair he goes Of what land of what houses he 's possess'd Neer to the Forum No bad man is bless'd Much less a Villain that corrupts the good One that with incest cools his sun-burn'd blood For not long since a Vestall he deflowr'd That was alive by th' earth to be devour'd But these are his sleight faults had they been thine The Censor on thy head had set a Fine But what would prove TITIUS and SEIUS base Or brand another must CRISPINUS grace His person 's fouler then his crimes the Slave Who can describe he for a Mullet gave Of six ounce weight six thousand it is said From those by whom great things are greater made I should commend him had it been his drift To win th' old childless man with such a gift To write his name first when he seals his Will There might be further reason in it still Should he this Present for 's great Friend prepare Borne in her closs and large glasse-window'd Chair But no such matter for himself 't was bought We now see feasts that make APICIUS thought Frugall and poor CRISPINE was fish thus dear When thou didst thine own Country Canvas wear He might have bought for less I dare well say The Fisher then the fish a Lordship may Be purchas'd in a Province at that rate In Italy a competent Estate What rarities may we think CAESAR eats When this poor dish scarce miss'd among his meats Had so many Sestertia given for 't Belch't by the purple Buffon of the Court Now Master of the Horse that cri'd of old Stale broken ware and fish of Nilus sold. Begin CALLIOPE let 's sit but sing We may not this is truth no fained thing Then speak Pierian Girls your patronage Give me that call you Girls in your old age When our last FLAVIUS the cow'd world disturb'd When great Rome as his Slave bald NERO curb'd A strange vast Adriatick Turbot lands Where VENUS Fane in Greek Ancona stands It fill'd the Wharfe and stuck a-shore like those The Sun pours from Maeotis where they froze Into the Pontick Sea's dull mouth which grow With lying bound in Ice huge fat and slow This Monster th' owner of the Boat and Lines For our chief Bishop craftily designes For such a Rhombus who dare sell or buy Along the coast Spies thick as Grass-wrack lie Informers that would sue the naked man For taking up a Fugitive that ran From CAESAR'S Vivaries the Ponds that bred The Prodigy where it had long been fed And ought to be return'd to its old Lord. For if PALFURIUS credit we afford Or ARMILLATUS 't is Imperiall food If it be rare and excellently good On whatsoever Billow it be tost This fish was therefore to be giv'n or lost Now sickly Autumn froze the Patient fear'd A Quartan Winter foul and stiffe appear'd What he had caught would keep the Fisher knew Yet he makes haste as if the South-winde blew The Lake past at robb'd Alba he arrives Where still poor Vesta's Trojan fire survives The wondring crowd first stopt him but when they Their admiration satisfi'd gave way The Presence-hinges nimbly turn'd about The fish goes in the Senate wait without 'T is brought to CAESAR thus the Fisher sayes Great Sir what is so huge it would amaze A private Kitchen graciously accept Be this day to thy Genius sacred kept With speed thy stomach clear of common meat And this untill-thy-time-kept-Turbot eat 'T would needs be caught Could any Raskall gloze More plainly yet his Peacocks feathers rose Nothing so gross but will belief incline When that powr's prais'd equals the pow'rs Divine But there 's no Boyler big enough his States He therefore calls to Councell them he hates Whil'st their looks shew the paleness of a great Sad friendship th' Usher cries make haste he 's set First PEGASUS whips on his purple Gown Who was the Bailiffe of th' amazed Town What then were Prefects more whereof the best He was and of our Judges th' honestest And yet his uncorrupted tongue was charm'd In those base times when Justice was disarm'd There likewise did old pleasant CRISPUS meet Whose nature like his eloquence was sweet Could he that Rules th' Earth Seas and People chuse A friend he might with more advantage use If when his thoughts to blood and vengeance move He 'd suffer him his cruelty reprove And that he would his honest Councel hear But what 's more violent then a Tyrant's eare With whom of Spring-windes Rain or Heat his friends Discoursing on a word a Life depends He therefore never swam a stroke to break The Torrent nor durst any Roman speak The truth his soul thought or in doing good Imploy his time he many Winters stood And saw his eighti'th Solstice in this sort At this Guard too lay safely in that Court As old ACILIUS that did next attend With his young Son unworthy of an end So cruel now design'd him by the Prince But old Lords shew'd like Prodigies long since Let me be rather then a man of birth The giants brother th' off-spring of the Earth Poor youth he scap't not though he naked threw His Javelin in the Alban lists and slew NUMIDIAN Lions that Patrician art Who knows not who admires th' old subtill part That BRUTUS acted 't was an easie thing To put a trick upon a bearded King Ignoble RUBRIUS lookes no better sham'd With guilt of a disgrace not to be nam'd Yet was our Pathick Satyrist lesse base MONTANUS his Guts waddle a slow pace CRISPINUS enters sweating Easterne-Gums Enough to serve two Funeralls POMPEY comes A neater cut-throat from whose lips death creeps In whispers FUSCUS that his bowels keeps For DACIAN vultures making war his study In 's Marble-villa wise VEIENTO bloody CATULUS followes that the Lover playd And had a passion for the unseen Maid Our times great Monster a blinde flatterer Whom high-way begging did to Court prefer Fit to run after ARICINE Horses heels And seems to kisse the tumbling Waggon-wheeles None more admir'd the Fish much he did say To 's left hand turn'd when that on 's right hand lay So the Cilicians Sword-play he commended And th' Engin when the Boyes in Clouds ascended VEIENTO

Cybele and her Priests are set out at large Verse 548. Tarquins Fields The Fields consecrated to Mars called Campus Martius and Tiberinus in regard they lay neer the River Tiber were bestowed upon the people of Rome by the Vestal Caja Tarratia These Juvenal calls Tarquin's Fields because Tarquin the Proud converted all that ground to his own use sowing it with corn but when Brutus had freed Rome from his Yoak the Fields were restored to their Martiall use and the sacrilegious crop of Corn flung into the River the Romans judging it to be impious for any man to make a benefit of holy ground The infinite number of Sheavs clotted with the River-mud in time became firm ground and was called the Isle of Aesculapius or the holy Island Rosin antiq lib. 6. cap. 11. In the Campus Martius were to be seen the Statues of many Roman Generals and the rarities which the Capitol had not room for There the Tyrones or young Souldiers exercised their arms and the Romans ran Horse-races and Foot-races Wrestled Fenced cast the Bowl Sledge and Dart learned how to use the Sling and Bow and to vault from the back of one horse to another Coel. Rhod. l. 21. cap. 29.30 Here was also a Mount paved with Marble tarressed about with Galleries and in the midst of it a Tribunal or Seat of Justice about which the Assemblies of the people many times gave their votes at the election of Magistrates Serv. in Buc. Eclog. 1. Verse 549. White Io. See the preceding Comment upon Isis yet I cannot but take notice that Juvenal makes her only a white Cow where Suidas tells us she was sometimes white sometimes black and sometimes of a Violet colour Verse 550. Meroe Of all the Islands made by the River Nilus Meroe as aforesaid is the greatest it is in length 3000 furlongs and 1000 in breadth The Chief City bears the name of the Island and was built by Cambyses that gave it the name of his deceased Sister Meroe The Isle is inhabited by Shepherds good Huntsmen and Husbandmen as also industrious Miners digging for Gold Silver Brass Iron divers sorts of Stones and the precious Ebone-tree Herod Verse 555. Her darling Priest The Priest of Isis at Rome Verse 556. Bald Crew They that celebrated the mysteries of Isis shaved all the hair off their heads Apulei Plin. Verse 557. Anubis Son to Osyris and Io or Isis he was worshipped in the form of a Dog as his Brother Macedo was in the figure of a Wolfe because in their Shields the one bore a Dog the other a Wolf Diodor. Coel. Rhod. lib. 3 ca. 12. After this Dog the Romans in imitation of the Aegyptians went crying and howling as if they followed him in quest of his Father Osiris King of Aegypt that was murdered privately by his Brother Typhon and the body having been long sought for by Queen Isis was at last found cut in pieces neer to Syene after his deification they still mourned for him with this Ceremony and adored him in the form of a Bull by the name of Apis which in the Aegyptian tongue signifies a Bull accordingly his offering was Hay and if he took it it betokened prosperous success if he took it not it was ominous Strab. lib. ult Plin. lib. 8. cap. 16. Verse 461. Silver Snake That Silver Snake which in the Temple of Isis and Osyris twined it self about the Images of the Dog and Wolf Verse 566. The poor she-Jew That durst not beg in publick because she was an alien but more especially because she begged in the name of one God not of the many Gods of Rome Verse 573. Commagenian The Commagenian or Syrian Aruspex and the Armenian Sooth-sayer told fortunes to Ladies by inspecting the entrails of Pigeons Chickens and Dogs now and then they would steal a Child and dissect it afterwards they would inform the Magistrate and leave their good Dames to the mercy of the Law Verse 576. Chaldaean The Chaldaeans lived about Babylon and had among them an Oracle like that of Delphos in Greece They were the most ancient Babylonians their office in the Common-wealth was to manage the government of Religion their study Philosophy and Astrology wherein they were great Masters the reason was they studied not all Arts and Sciences like the Grecians but laying aside the care of worldly business only applied themselves to Philosophy whereby they came to be most learned Diodor. Sicul. lib. 3. Cicer. Verse 578. Jove's secret Springs Spoken by my Author in scorn of Astrologers as if Jupiter should now whisper them in the ear with knowledge of future events ever since Apollo had lost his voice at Delphos where the Oracle was silenced at the birth of our Saviour Christ. Verse 581. Th' oftest Exile's chief The Ladies of Rome had the highest opinion of such an Astrologer as either by exile or imprisonment suffered most for predicting against great persons and had been upon the accomplishment of his prediction repealed or set at liberty as he was who foretold that Otho should be Successor to his great Rivall the Emperor Galba Verse 589. Seriphus A very little Island in the Aegean Sea it is one of the Cyclades to which the Romans confined Informers Astrologers and great offenders whose sentence ran In Insulam deportari to be carried into an Isle See Plin. Panegyr Verse 590. Tanaquil Wife to Tarquinius Priscus King of Rome Liv. This Queen was much given to the study of Astrology and Mathematicks Verse 595. Saturn's frowns Are here ballanced in antithesi with the smiles of Venus he being the most sullen cold and malignant Planet she the most benigne and fortunate especially in conjunction Verse 604. Thrasyllus A Platonist and a very great Mathematician once in high esteem with Tiberius Caesar afterwards by his command cast into the Sea at Rhodes Verse 610. Petosyris A famous Aegyptian Astrologer or Mathematician for so was an Astrologer called by the Romans Plin. l. 7. c. 28. Suid. Verse 614. Phrygian Augurs The Phrygians Cilicians and Arabians were marvelous skilfull Augurs or Diviners by the flight of Birds Verse 614. Gymnosophists Indian Philosophers so called because they were wise and naked From the rising to setting of the Sun they would look upon him with fixed eyes and stand in the hot boiling sands first upon one leg then upon the other Plin. lib. 7. cap. 2. some say they could indure heat and cold without any sense of pain When Alexander the great came among them he bid them ask of him whatsoever they had a mind to and he would grant it they prayed him to bestow upon them what they infinitely thirsted for immortality He replied How can you expect immortality from me that am mortal Doe you know your self to be mortal said they why are you not then contented with your patrimonial Kingdome but trouble mandkinde thus to bring the world into subjection Cic. Tusc. quaest lib. 5. Augustinus lib. 5. de Civ Dei Verse 615. Patricians The

Exiles thou shalt glory in his pain And odious name and once with comfort find No God is deaf nor like TIRESIAS blind The Comment UPON THE THIRTEENTH SATYR VErse 2. The first of punishments Is the Malefactors Conscience Magna est vis c. Great is the power of Conscience on both parts that neither the innocent can fear and yet guilty men ever have their punishments before their eyes Cic. Verse 4. Praetor The Praetors in their institution were Deputies to the Consuls when the Wars impeded their administration of Justice to the people At first there was but one sworn Praetor afterwards Causes multiplying the Praetor Peregrinus or Country Praetor was added and the number at last encreased to 18. The two first Praetors Presidents of the Centumvirall Ballot Plin. were they that ought to have done justice to Calvinus for to their Jurisdiction it belonged to give judgement in Cases of equity and to decree restitution for money or goods unlawfully detain'd Rosin Ant. Rom. lib. 7. cap. 11. Verse 6. Thy Trustee's broken faith Perditissimi hominis est c. It is the part of a Villain at once both to break friendship and to deceive him that had not been damnified if he had not trusted idem Verse 11. We must not let our grief Neve tam graviter c. We must not take those misfortunes so grievously which by no councell we can avoid and by calling to mind the like fortunes of others we may know that ours is no new accident Cic. Verse 16. A sacred Trust. Aristotle in his Problems queries Why there is more injustice in denying a Trust then a Debt He answeres Either because it is base to wrong a Friend or because a greater injury is committed For besides the Loss Faith is violated Verse 17. Capito L. Fonteius Capito when Nero Caesar reigned was Collegue in the Consulship with C. Vipsanius From hence may be computed the time when Juvenal lived and writ this Satyr viz. in the second year of the Emperor Hadrian in the year of Rome 872. See Lips lib. 4. Epist. Quaest. Epistola 20. Verse 20. That Science Philosophy especially in the Stoicks books that bid every man look for all manner of evils and adversities If they happen things foreseen will be suffered with more ease if they happen not that which is beyond Hope should be accounted Benefit Read Seneca and Epictetus Magnitudinis animi proprium est c. It is proper to great spirits to fear nothing to despise all humane things and to think nothing that can happen to man insufferable Cic. Verse 32. Thebes That had as many Gates as Nile had Mouths viz. 7. But then you must understand Thebes in Boeotia for Thebes in Aegypt had a hundred Sat. 15. And Thebes lyes with her hundred Gates inter'd The seaven Mouthes of Nile are named in the Comment upon Sat. 6. Verse 33. Ninth Age. Juvenal reckons one Age more then the Tuscan Soothsayers yet they were thought great men as appears in this Satyr the Faith prodigious looks Worthy to be in Tuscan Soothsay'rs books Recorded The Question was What the shrill and mournfull sound of the trumpet signified which in a clear skie and hot day the Romans heard in the aire Resolved by the Tuscan Soothsayers That it portended the End of that Age of the World and the Beginning of another Age. For the World was to have eight Ages different in lives and manners to every one of these God had limited a certain time within the compass of the great year Now at the going out of one Age and the coming in of another the Earth or Heaven produces some Prodigie whereby the Masters in this knowledge presently discern that men will alter in their lives and manners and accordingly be more or less favoured by the Gods then those of the former Age. Plut. in Syll. But their eight Ages might be named by severall Metalls Gold Silver Electrum Brass Copper Tin Lead and Iron therefore Juvenal adds a ninth worse then the Iron times Nature no mettle hath to name our crimes Verse 37. Vocall Sportula The Men or rather Voices that feed upon the meat-Sportula of Faesidius the Lawyer which obliges them to cry him up when he pleads his Clients Causes Verse 39. Childs bubbles The bullaes or bubbles worn by the Children of the Romans vid Sat. 5. Verse 46. Old Saturn Called 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Time and still painted with a Sythe In his reign the Poets supposing it to be the beginning of Time fancied the Golden Age or the purest World men being then ignorant of vices which ignorance of vice as Justin saith of the Thracians brought the Barbarians to more perfection then ever the Philosophers attained by the Knowledge of Virtue See the beginning of the Com. upon Sat. 6. Verse 48. Ida A Mountain neer Troy famous for the concealment of Jupiter from his devouring Father Saturn as also for Paris there he was bred amongst the Shepheards and gave the golden Ball from Juno and Pallas to Venus lastly for Ganymede Son to the King of Troy taken up from thence by the Eagle as in the Comment upon Sat. 5. and carried to Heaven to be Cupbearer to Jupiter in place of Hebe the Goddess of Youth afterwards married to Hercules This remove of Hebe incensed her Mother Juno against the Trojans almost as much as the judgement of Paris in contempt of her beauty Verse 53. Liparene Workhouse One of the 7. Liparene Islands called Ephesian by the Greeks Vulcanian by the Latins See the beginning of the Comment upon Sat. 1. Verse 56. Atlas Juvenal thinks it great injustice to poor Atlas that so many new Gods should come into Heaven to oppress him with their weight one of the number being Hercules that once eased him of his load Verse 65. Four years precedence Apud antiquissimos Romanorum c. Among the most ancient Romans neither to the greatness of birth or wealth was more honour done then by the younger to the elder persons which they reverenced and worshipped almost as much as their Parents and the Gell. lib. 2. cap. 15. Verse 67. Depositum Any thing intrusted by a man to the faith of another man Verse 70. Tuscan Soothsayers The Romans had the art of Divination from the Tuscan Soothsayers that presaged of future events by Prodigies which they still put upon record See the former part of the Comment upon this Satyr Tit. Ninth Age. Verse 73. A Lamb that 's crown'd With flowers as all beasts sacrificed were Verse 96. Aegaeus Father to Theseus the Founder of Athens Verse 99. Wishes his Son's head boil'd The Rogue when he denies a sum of money deposited in his hands after he hath sworn by all the Artillery of Heaven will not stick to make Imprecations against himself and wish that he may fare like Thyestes that eat the head of his own Son See the end of the Comment upon Sat. 8. Only this perjur'd Villain would have worse sawce then Thyestes