the_o roman_a law_n and_o now_o they_o be_v as_o it_o be_v unite_v together_o albeit_o there_o lie_v no_o tie_n of_o command_n upon_o we_o in_o spain_n to_o enforce_v a_o submission_n to_o it_o chap._n v._n the_o general_a admittance_n and_o use_n of_o the_o civil_a law_n in_o foreign_a part_n be_v acknowledge_v by_o ourselves_o here_o in_o england_n i_o shall_v not_o travail_v any_o further_a to_o cite_v any_o more_o foreign_a testimony_n to_o prove_v that_o this_o law_n be_v general_o receive_v and_o practise_v by_o other_o nation_n and_o the_o rather_o because_o dr_n duck_n in_o his_o book_n have_v by_o variety_n of_o proof_n so_o sufficient_o make_v it_o good_a already_o but_o yet_o it_o be_v worth_a the_o set_n down_o what_o some_o of_o our_o own_o countryman_n have_v in_o their_o writing_n acknowledge_v to_o the_o very_a same_o purpose_n and_o those_o especial_o among_o the_o rest_n who_o interest_n and_o high_a valuation_n which_o they_o pass_v upon_o the_o law_n of_o their_o own_o country_n will_v not_o permit_v they_o to_o ascribe_v more_o to_o the_o civil_a law_n than_o the_o just_a truth_n will_v bear_v and_o it_o be_v most_o observable_a what_o king_n james_n himself_o the_o learnede_a of_o all_o modern_a prince_n say_v here_o in_o a_o speech_n make_v to_o no_o less_o solemn_a assembly_n than_o his_o lord_n and_o commons_o of_o parliament_n 1609._o parliament_n 21._o martii_fw-la 1609._o which_o we_o have_v extant_a among_o his_o print_a work_n as_o a_o king_n say_v he_o i_o have_v least_o cause_n of_o any_o man_n to_o dislike_v the_o common-law_n for_o no_o law_n can_v be_v more_o favourable_a and_o advantageous_a for_o a_o king_n and_o extend_v further_o his_o prerogative_n than_o it_o do_v and_o for_o a_o king_n of_o england_n to_o despise_v the_o the_o common-law_n it_o be_v to_o neglect_v his_o own_o crown_n yet_o say_v he_o i_o do_v great_o esteem_v the_o civil_a law_n the_o profession_n thereof_o serve_v more_o for_o general_a learning_n and_o be_v most_o necessary_a for_o matter_n of_o treaty_n with_o all_o foreign_a nation_n and_o i_o think_v that_o if_o it_o shall_v be_v take_v away_o it_o will_v make_v a_o entry_n to_o barbarism_n in_o this_o kingdom_n and_o will_v blemish_v the_o honour_n of_o england_n for_o it_o be_v in_o a_o manner_n lex_fw-la gentium_fw-la and_o maintain_v intercourse_n with_o all_o foreign_a nation_n but_o i_o only_o allow_v it_o to_o have_v course_n here_o according_a to_o those_o limit_n of_o jurisdiction_n which_o the_o common-law_n itself_o do_v allow_v it_o and_o therefore_o though_o it_o be_v not_o fit_a for_o the_o general_a government_n of_o the_o people_n here_o it_o do_v not_o follow_v it_o shall_v be_v extinct_a no_o more_o then_o because_o the_o latin_a tongue_n be_v not_o the_o mother_n or_o radical_a language_n of_o any_o nation_n in_o the_o world_n at_o this_o time_n that_o therefore_o the_o english_a tongue_n shall_v only_o now_o be_v learn_v in_o this_o kingdom_n which_o be_v to_o bring_v in_o barbarism_n and_o in_o another_o speech_n in_o star-chamber_n 1616._o star-chamber_n 20_o jun._n 1616._o print_v also_o god_n forbid_v say_v he_o the_o law_n of_o nation_n intend_v thereby_o chief_o the_o civil_a law_n shall_v be_v bar_v in_o this_o kingdom_n and_o that_o for_o two_o cause_n one_o because_o it_o be_v a_o law_n to_o satisfy_v stranger_n which_o will_v not_o hold_v themselves_o so_o well_o satisfy_v with_o other_o municipal_a law_n another_o to_o satisfy_v our_o own_o subject_n in_o matter_n of_o piracy_n marriage_n will_n and_o thing_n of_o like_a nature_n and_o again_o when_o he_o be_v so_o mighty_o press_v to_o have_v have_v a_o union_n of_o england_n and_o scotland_n under_o the_o same_o policy_n of_o law_n as_o they_o have_v but_o one_o and_o the_o same_o king_n in_o a_o speech_n make_v upon_o that_o subject_n 1607._o subject_n ult._n mart._n 1607._o extant_a in_o his_o print_a work_n he_o tell_v his_o two_o house_n of_o parliament_n that_o in_o point_n of_o conjunction_n of_o nation_n the_o civil_a law_n ought_v to_o bear_v a_o great_a sway_n it_o be_v the_o law_n of_o nation_n these_o be_v the_o expression_n of_o a_o king_n the_o interest_n of_o who_o crown_n and_o sceptre_n and_o the_o prerogative_n thereunto_o belong_v do_v depend_v upon_o the_o favour_n of_o another_o law_n and_o yet_o he_o positive_o and_o in_o downright_a term_n in_o the_o face_n of_o all_o his_o people_n avow_v the_o civil_a law_n to_o be_v the_o law_n of_o nation_n and_o that_o all_o transaction_n of_o treaty_n and_o of_o trade_n with_o foreign_a nation_n be_v dispatch_v by_o the_o rule_n and_o reason_n thereof_o and_o that_o the_o authority_n thereof_o be_v so_o great_a in_o the_o esteem_n of_o stranger_n that_o they_o will_v rest_v satisfy_v therewith_o when_o no_o municipal_a law_n can_v satisfy_v they_o but_o in_o that_o he_o aver_v also_o that_o when_o the_o people_n of_o england_n shall_v exterminate_v that_o law_n which_o must_v needs_o be_v when_o the_o practice_n thereof_o be_v quite_o take_v away_o or_o thrust_v into_o a_o poor_a narrow_a compass_n their_o honour_n will_v be_v obscure_v and_o they_o will_v be_v in_o danger_n to_o be_v overrun_v with_o barbarism_n it_o be_v never_o so_o well_o worth_a the_o observe_n as_o at_o this_o present_a time_n and_o it_o clear_o show_v that_o wise_a and_o learned_a king_n do_v perfect_o understand_v the_o true_a use_n of_o the_o civil_a law_n for_o as_o the_o language_n thereof_o must_v needs_o be_v a_o mean_n to_o maintain_v learning_n which_o do_v civilize_v &_o soften_v the_o mind_n of_o man_n so_o there_o be_v no_o sort_n of_o learning_n with_o the_o which_o the_o matter_n of_o it_o do_v not_o correspond_v and_o participate_v but_o above_o all_o it_o do_v afford_v more_o and_o better_a rule_n for_o civil_a live_n and_o orderly_a conversation_n among_o man_n and_o for_o righteous_a deal_n each_o with_o other_o than_o any_o other_o study_n or_o learning_n whatsoever_o but_o this_o practice_n and_o usage_n of_o the_o civil_a law_n in_o foreign_a part_n be_v yet_o better_o confirm_v by_o the_o authority_n of_o those_o who_o study_v and_o profess_v the_o law_n of_o england_n have_v be_v always_o jealous_a of_o the_o rise_n and_o growth_n of_o the_o civil_a law_n in_o this_o nation_n for_o though_o they_o have_v desire_v to_o keep_v it_o low_o here_o for_o what_o reason_n i_o need_v not_o mention_v yet_o some_o of_o they_o have_v free_o enough_o own_v how_o much_o it_o be_v in_o use_n and_o practice_v in_o other_o country_n sir_n francis_n bacon_n in_o his_o epistle_n dedicatory_a to_o the_o queen_n set_v before_o his_o maxim_n of_o law_n after_o he_o have_v tell_v the_o queen_n that_o justinian_n the_o emperor_n do_v glorious_o and_o yet_o apt_o call_v the_o body_n of_o the_o roman_a law_n proprium_fw-la &_o sanctissimum_fw-la templum_fw-la justitiae_fw-la consecratum_fw-la a_o true_a and_o a_o most_o sacred_a temple_n consecrate_v unto_o justice_n he_o say_v that_o it_o be_v a_o work_n of_o great_a excellency_n indeed_o as_o may_v well_o appear_v in_o that_o france_n italy_n and_o spain_n who_o have_v long_o since_o shake_v off_o the_o yoke_n of_o the_o roman_a empire_n do_v yet_o nevertheless_o continue_v to_o use_v the_o policy_n of_o that_o law_n my_o lord_n ellesmere_n chancellor_n of_o england_n as_o sir_n francis_n bacon_n be_v in_o his_o speech_n of_o the_o postnati_n do_v express_o deliver_v that_o the_o civil_a law_n be_v take_v to_o be_v the_o most_o universal_a and_o general_a law_n in_o the_o world_n sir_n john_n fortescue_n himself_o lord_n chief_a justice_n of_o england_n and_o afterward_o lord_n chancellor_n in_o king_n henry_n the_o sixth_n day_n in_o his_o book_n wherein_o he_o do_v so_o high_o magnify_v and_o commend_v the_o law_n england_n above_o the_o civil_a law_n yet_o he_o can_v say_v 9_o say_v de_fw-fr laud._n legum_fw-la angliae_fw-la ca._n 9_o that_o civiles_fw-la supra_fw-la humanas_fw-la cunctas_fw-la leges_fw-la alius_fw-la fama_fw-la per_fw-la orbem_fw-la extollit_fw-la gloriosa_fw-la the_o civil_a law_n throughout_o the_o whole_a world_n be_v advance_v in_o glory_n and_o renown_n above_o all_o other_o man_n law_n fulbeck_n also_o another_o of_o the_o same_o profession_n and_o of_o great_a learning_n do_v agree_v with_o the_o former_a in_o these_o word_n reader_n word_n in_o his_o parallel_n part_n 1._o epistle_n to_o the_o reader_n the_o roman_a law_n say_v he_o in_o the_o time_n of_o arcadius_n theodosius_n and_o justinian_n recover_v their_o strength_n and_o shine_v to_o all_o the_o commonwealth_n of_o europe_n as_o the_o sun_n to_o all_o the_o climate_n of_o the_o earth_n have_v for_o their_o worthiness_n and_o necessary_a use_n and_o employment_n receive_v entertainment_n countenance_n and_o great_a reward_n of_o emperor_n king_n and_o prince_n likewise_o mr_n selden_n a_o graduate_n in_o the_o common-law_n but_o a_o
last_o will_n succession_n or_o by_o marriage_n community_n or_o property_n of_o the_o sea_n and_o the_o right_n of_o fish_v and_o trade_v there_o freedom_n from_o custom_n and_o other_o immunity_n grant_v to_o foreign_a merchant_n precedency_n among_o the_o ambassador_n of_o prince_n and_o republic_n promise_n of_o protection_n and_o aid_n against_o enemy_n entertainment_n and_o harbour_v of_o traitor_n or_o rebel_n interpretation_n of_o public_a league_n or_o national_a contract_v not_o admit_v of_o ambassador_n or_o detain_v they_o or_o use_v they_o in_o any_o uncivil_a manner_n make_v of_o war_n or_o contract_v of_o peace_n send_v supply_n to_o our_o enemy_n or_o oppress_v our_o friend_n and_o confederate_n imbargo_n seize_v upon_o our_o merchant_n good_n at_o land_n or_o stop_v our_o ship_n or_o good_n at_o sea_n the_o arbitrate_v of_o difference_n between_o nation_n and_o nation_n frequent_o refer_v to_o prince_n or_o other_o state_n of_o the_o force_n of_o national_a contract_v and_o of_o their_o duration_n whether_o they_o shall_v bind_v successor_n or_o die_v with_o the_o prince_n that_o make_v they_o latitude_n of_o territory_n and_o jurisdiction_n either_o upon_o sea_n or_o land_n these_o and_o such_o like_a be_v the_o transaction_n and_o matter_n that_o may_v be_v frequent_o agitate_a &_o deal_v in_o between_o we_o and_o other_o nation_n wherein_o before_o we_o fall_v to_o a_o open_a war_n we_o choose_v to_o reason_n and_o expostulate_v the_o matter_n with_o they_o sometime_o we_o think_v it_o necessary_a to_o remonstrate_v the_o right_n of_o our_o cause_n to_o other_o nation_n sometime_o to_o declare_v the_o state_n of_o the_o business_n to_o our_o own_o people_n neither_o of_o which_o can_v be_v do_v effectual_o and_o with_o advantage_n nor_o shall_v we_o be_v able_a to_o hold_v any_o such_o argument_n convince_o if_o we_o have_v not_o the_o perfect_a knowledge_n of_o the_o law_n of_o nation_n and_o the_o learning_n of_o the_o civil_a law_n which_o to_o be_v sure_a be_v the_o only_a kind_n of_o reason_n that_o other_o nation_n know_v no_o other_o common_a law_n or_o rule_n beside_o it_o for_o such_o matter_n will_v encounter_v we_o withal_o and_o since_o we_o have_v such_o great_a need_n at_o this_o time_n of_o army_n by_o land_n and_o navy_n by_o sea_n to_o defend_v we_o from_o faction_n at_o home_n and_o enemy_n abroad_o i_o will_v put_v it_o to_o those_o of_o the_o military_a order_n to_o consider_v how_o not_o only_o useful_a but_o necessary_a that_o profession_n be_v for_o carry_v on_o of_o military_a business_n also_o as_o well_o by_o sea_n as_o by_o land_n &_o that_o all_o the_o military_a discipline_n &_o good_a government_n that_o they_o have_v in_o their_o army_n and_o the_o right_n which_o they_o be_v enjoin_v to_o afford_v to_o their_o very_a enemy_n be_v direct_v by_o the_o rule_n and_o principle_n of_o that_o profession_n for_o it_o must_v be_v acknowledge_v that_o the_o municipal_a law_n as_o to_o the_o carry_v on_o of_o martial_a affair_n be_v altogether_o impertinent_a and_o of_o no_o use_n at_o all_o the_o same_o be_v a_o law_n useful_a but_o in_o peace_n only_o but_o there_o be_v peculiar_a law_n and_o a_o proper_a discipline_n for_o the_o state_n of_o war_n sunt_fw-la &_o belli_fw-la sicut_fw-la &_o pacis_fw-la jura_fw-la and_o they_o be_v accommodate_v to_o the_o very_a nature_n and_o exigency_n of_o it_o some_o of_o which_o be_v that_o there_o be_v solemn_a denounce_v of_o the_o war_n intend_v that_o all_o dissenter_n may_v withdraw_v in_o time_n and_o to_o divert_v other_o nation_n from_o adhere_v that_o it_o be_v prosecute_v by_o just_a and_o honourable_a way_n without_o treachery_n corruption_n breach_n of_o faith_n poison_n or_o secret_a assassination_n which_o the_o gallant_a roman_n do_v disdain_v to_o act_v though_o for_o never_o so_o great_a a_o victory_n that_o all_o article_n and_o capitulation_n make_v be_v strict_o keep_v and_o observe_v even_o towards_o turk_n pagan_n jew_n or_o infidel_n that_o they_o be_v interpret_v in_o the_o plain_a and_o most_o equitable_a sense_n without_o any_o art_n or_o subtlety_n at_o all_o that_o a_o enemy_n after_o he_o have_v yield_v himself_o be_v not_o kill_v but_o keep_v alive_a for_o exchange_n or_o ransom_n that_o what_o be_v get_v from_o the_o enemy_n be_v good_a and_o lawful_a purchase_n though_o it_o be_v new_o take_v from_o some_o of_o our_o own_o people_n or_o confederate_n so_o that_o it_o be_v but_o once_o bring_v safe_a into_o the_o enemy_n quarter_n that_o the_o enemy_n country_n when_o it_o offer_v to_o yield_v be_v not_o lay_v waste_n burn_v or_o destroy_v that_o when_o a_o town_n be_v to_o be_v storm_v woman_n child_n age_a ecclesiastical_a person_n so_o far_o as_o be_v possible_a may_v be_v spare_v that_o it_o be_v free_a to_o friend_n or_o confederate_n to_o trade_n with_o the_o enemy_n so_o they_o carry_v neither_o victual_n money_n arm_n or_o ammunition_n that_o the_o country_n through_o which_o the_o army_n pass_v no_o offence_n be_v give_v be_v not_o injure_v but_o keep_v from_o spoil_n and_o rapine_n that_o herald_n or_o messenger_n send_v from_o the_o enemy_n be_v receive_v and_o dismiss_v with_o safety_n that_o strictness_n and_o severity_n of_o discipline_n great_a than_o in_o peace_n be_v maintain_v within_o the_o camp_n the_o valiant_a advance_v to_o honour_n and_o admit_v to_o partake_v in_o the_o spoil_n which_o he_o do_v help_v to_o get_v the_o cowardly_a disgrace_v the_o disobedient_a rigorous_o chastise_v the_o incorrigable_a cashier_v and_o the_o age_a and_o wear_v out_o soldier_n be_v dismiss_v to_o ease_v with_o reward_n and_o honour_n that_o a_o difference_n of_o degree_n be_v observe_v and_o a_o subordination_n make_v as_o the_o place_n of_o command_n differ_v that_o for_o military_a offence_n or_o contract_n and_o promise_v make_v between_o soldier_n and_o soldier_n the_o conisance_n thereof_o be_v in_o the_o court_n martial_n and_o to_o be_v try_v by_o the_o law_n of_o arm_n only_o that_o hostage_n be_v take_v and_o keep_v and_o may_v be_v put_v to_o death_n if_o the_o enemy_n prove_v perfidious_a that_o neither_o friend_n good_n come_v in_o a_o enemy_n bottom_n nor_o a_o friend_n ship_n though_o carry_v enemy_n good_n in_o she_o be_v take_v as_o prize_v that_o when_o a_o victory_n be_v get_v the_o enemy_n subdue_v be_v use_v with_o all_o clemency_n and_o moderation_n that_o privilege_n be_v grant_v to_o soldier_n beyond_o other_o man_n with_o a_o infinite_a number_n more_o which_o be_v not_o where_o to_o be_v find_v collect_v and_o lay_v together_o but_o in_o the_o book_n and_o writing_n of_o the_o civil_a law_n which_o be_v the_o only_a proper_a learning_n to_o teach_v and_o instruct_v in_o those_o matter_n for_o it_o have_v be_v the_o civilian_n work_n to_o draw_v together_o as_o it_o be_v into_o one_o body_n and_o systeme_n all_o that_o the_o civil_a law_n itself_o do_v afford_v and_o whatsoever_o else_o can_v be_v gather_v from_o the_o testimony_n of_o the_o ancient_a philosopher_n historian_n poet_n and_o orator_n in_o what_o they_o be_v all_o as_o it_o be_v by_o the_o light_n of_o nature_n consent_v in_o one_o and_o the_o same_o judgement_n also_o what_o have_v be_v deliver_v by_o the_o ancient_a father_n and_o most_o approve_a canon_n of_o the_o church_n on_o that_o subject_n and_o especial_o to_o bring_v into_o argument_n what_o have_v be_v constant_o upon_o the_o same_o occurrence_n in_o war_n judge_v and_o practise_v by_o the_o most_o warlike_a and_o heroic_a nation_n that_o have_v be_v as_o the_o grecian_n assyrian_n mede_n persian_n lacedaemonian_n carthaginian_n but_o especial_o the_o roman_n with_o who_o for_o experience_n &_o discipline_n in_o war_n and_o justice_n and_o bravery_n towards_o their_o enemy_n no_o nation_n that_o ever_o act_v on_o this_o great_a theatre_n of_o the_o world_n be_v to_o be_v compare_v and_o so_o by_o these_o help_n the_o law_n of_o war_n in_o use_n at_o this_o day_n have_v be_v make_v and_o perfect_v only_o through_o the_o civilian_n pain_n and_o industry_n neither_o be_v they_o to_o be_v meet_v with_o any_o where_o together_o but_o in_o their_o book_n and_o writing_n and_o therefore_o since_o this_o profession_n be_v so_o useful_a and_o necessary_a for_o the_o soldier_n business_n also_o that_o they_o can_v promise_v to_o themselves_o any_o good_a order_n wise_a conduct_n or_o happy_a success_n with_o their_o martial_a erterprise_n but_o by_o that_o light_n and_o direction_n which_o it_o afford_v it_o be_v evident_a that_o it_o can_v never_o be_v worse_o spare_v or_o discountenance_v then_o now_o at_o this_o time_n which_o i_o humble_o leave_v to_o be_v further_o think_v of_o by_o the_o wisdom_n of_o those_o that_o rule_n over_o we_o and_o so_o desire_v thou_o to_o excuse_v i_o this_o once_o for_o appear_v thus_o in_o public_a be_v upon_o so_o press_v
a_o occasion_n as_o to_o revive_v if_o by_o such_o weak_a endeavour_n it_o be_v possible_a a_o whole_a profession_n almost_o quite_o expire_a i_o bid_v thou_o farewell_n and_o remain_v thou_o in_o all_o possible_a respect_n whatsoever_o ro._n wiseman_n the_o argument_n of_o the_o chapter_n of_o the_o first_o book_n chap._n i._n that_o a_o law_n ought_v to_o be_v agreeable_a to_o true_a reason_n page_n 1_o chap._n ii_o that_o what_o reason_n teach_v shall_v be_v make_v the_o subject_n of_o a_o law_n be_v no_o superfluous_a but_o a_o profitable_a thing_n p._n 22_o chap._n iii_o what_o be_v here_o mean_v and_o intend_v by_o reason_n p._n 24_o chap._n iu_o that_o reason_n be_v not_o so_o strict_o require_v in_o the_o law_n that_o order_v the_o affair_n of_o state_n as_o in_o that_o that_o settle_v the_o difference_n that_o arise_v between_o man_n and_o man_n p._n 33_o chap._n v._o that_o the_o custom_n of_o a_o nation_n ought_v in_o like_a manner_n to_o agree_v with_o reason_n p._n 36_o chap._n vi_o where_o law_n or_o custom_n be_v want_v to_o judge_v by_o precedent_n or_o example_n have_v no_o defence_n in_o reason_n p._n 38_o chap._n vii_o that_o they_o be_v great_a advantage_n which_o a_o nation_n have_v by_o rule_v by_o a_o such_o a_o law_n as_o be_v rational_a p._n 46_o chap._n viii_o that_o christian_a nation_n have_v entertain_v the_o civil_a law_n into_o their_o territory_n have_v thereby_o acquire_v to_o themselves_o the_o most_o rational_a law_n that_o have_v be_v ordain_v as_o by_o the_o constitution_n thereof_o will_v appear_v p._n 51_o the_o argument_n of_o the_o chapter_n of_o the_o second_o book_n chap._n i._n that_o the_o greatness_n and_o the_o splendour_n of_o the_o roman_a empire_n do_v evidence_n the_o singular_a virtue_n of_o the_o law_n itself_o to_o which_o as_o to_o its_o proper_a cause_n it_o may_v be_v ascribe_v page_n 97_o chap._n ii_o the_o fundamental_o of_o the_o roman_a civil_a law_n be_v fetch_v from_o other_o state_n which_o do_v then_o excel_v other_o most_o in_o policy_n and_o government_n p._n 103_o chap._n iii_o that_o time_n and_o intervenience_n of_o fatal_a accident_n that_o have_v sweep_v away_o so_o many_o state_n together_o with_o all_o their_o law_n and_o have_v quite_o abolish_v the_o roman_a state_n itself_o have_v not_o yet_o be_v of_o force_n to_o abolish_v the_o roman_a civil_a law_n but_o that_o it_o be_v extant_a still_o p._n 110_o chap._n iu_o that_o foreign_a nation_n in_o do_v of_o right_a between_o man_n and_o man_n do_v main_o practice_v and_o make_v use_n of_o the_o rule_n and_o dictate_v of_o the_o civil_a law_n p._n 128_o chap._n v._o the_o general_a admittance_n and_o use_n of_o the_o civil_a law_n in_o foreign_a part_n be_v acknowledge_v by_o ourselves_o here_o in_o england_n p._n 133_o chap._n vi_o the_o civilian_n themselves_z do_v not_o enlarge_v the_o use_n and_o practice_v of_o the_o civil_a law_n in_o foreign_a part_n further_o than_o mr_n selden_n himself_o in_o his_o writing_n grant_v it_o to_o extend_v p._n 139_o chap._n vii_o no_o municipal_a law_n be_v sufficient_a to_o meet_v with_o the_o multitude_n and_o variety_n of_o case_n and_o question_n that_o will_v happen_v at_o land_n at_o sea_n and_o in_o foreign_a part_n which_o have_v cause_v so_o many_o nation_n to_o make_v use_n of_o the_o civil_a law_n where_o it_o be_v proper_a and_o pertinent_a to_o their_o affair_n to_o jayn_v with_o and_o help_v their_o own_o rather_o than_o to_o be_v without_o any_o law_n at_o all_o and_o to_o be_v subject_a to_o the_o mischief_n of_o arbitrariness_n folly_n and_o violence_n p._n 144_o chap._n viii_o that_o the_o reason_n be_v strong_a and_o weighty_a upon_o which_o so_o many_o foreign_a state_n do_v direct_a and_o order_v the_o business_n of_o their_o tribunal_n most_o by_o the_o prescript_n reason_n and_o equity_n of_o the_o civil_a law_n p._n 153_o chap._n ix_o the_o admittance_n and_o sway_n of_o the_o civil_a law_n in_o foreign_a part_n be_v yet_o further_o verify_v by_o the_o testimony_n of_o sr_n tho._n smith_n and_o dr_n hakewill_n the_o one_o a_o statesman_n the_o other_o a_o famous_a learned_a divine_a of_o our_o own_o and_o by_o some_o other_o remarkable_a institution_n within_o this_o nation_n p._n 159_o chap._n x._o the_o general_a name_n of_o jus_n civil_a the_o civil_a law_n be_v signal_o for_o honour_n sake_n peculiar_o ascribe_v to_o the_o roman_a civil_a law_n and_o to_o no_o other_o law_n p._n 164_o chap._n xi_o the_o art_n and_o knowledge_n of_o do_v the_o pure_a right_a and_o most_o natural_a justice_n be_v lay_v down_o in_o the_o book_n of_o the_o civil_a law_n and_o how_o it_o come_v by_o degree_n to_o that_o perfection_n that_o now_o we_o see_v it_o in_o p._n 166_o chap._n xii_o a_o answer_n to_o the_o main_a objection_n that_o be_v now_o adays_o make_v against_o the_o continuance_n of_o the_o civil_a law_n within_o this_o nation_n p._n 173._o wesenbec_n parat_fw-la dig._n de_fw-fr just_a &_o jur_n nu_fw-la 17._o in_o constituendo_fw-la expoliendoque_fw-la jus_o civil_a populus_fw-la romanus_n tantum_fw-la reliquis_fw-la nationibus_fw-la velut_fw-la &_o gloria_fw-la belli_fw-la praestitit_fw-la ut_fw-la si_fw-la omne_fw-la omnium_fw-la gentium_fw-la instituta_fw-la mores_fw-la leges_fw-la in_o unum_fw-la conferantur_fw-la nequaquam_fw-la sint_fw-la cum_fw-la his_fw-la romanorum_fw-la legibus_fw-la &_o institutis_fw-la prudentia_fw-la aequitate_fw-la pondere_fw-la ubertate_fw-la ullo_fw-la modo_fw-la comparanda_fw-la the_o people_n of_o rome_n do_v not_o only_o go_v beyond_o all_o nation_n in_o the_o world_n beside_o in_o renown_n for_o their_o warlike_a erterprise_n but_o so_o much_o in_o establish_v of_o law_n too_o that_o if_o all_o the_o law_n and_o custom_n of_o all_o other_o nation_n be_v all_o lay_v together_o they_o will_v come_v far_o short_a of_o the_o roman_a law_n both_o for_o wisdom_n equity_n weight_n fullness_n lex_fw-la legum_fw-la or_o the_o law_n of_o law_n etc._n etc._n chap._n i._n that_o a_o law_n ought_v to_o be_v agreeable_a to_o true_a reason_n the_o first_o book_n there_o be_v nothing_o under_o the_o sun_n that_o do_v more_o conduce_v to_o the_o prosperity_n and_o peace_n of_o a_o nation_n then_o fit_v and_o well-composed_a law_n in_o the_o frame_n whereof_o those_o that_o have_v the_o ordain_v power_n must_v be_v heedful_a to_o observe_v many_o thing_n to_o make_v their_o law_n proportionable_a to_o so_o happy_a and_o so_o bless_v a_o end_n a_o law_n must_v not_o enjoin_v any_o wicked_a ignominious_a or_o unbeseeming_a thing_n these_o be_v in_o intendment_n of_o the_o civil_a law_n impossible_a quae_fw-la facta_fw-la laedunt_fw-la pietatem_fw-la existimationem_fw-la verecundiam_fw-la nostram_fw-la &_o ut_fw-la generaliter_fw-la dixerim_fw-la contra_fw-la bonos_fw-es more_o be_v fiunt_fw-la neo_fw-la facere_fw-la nos_fw-la posse_fw-la credendum_fw-la est_fw-la say_v papinian_n inst_z papinian_n l._n 15._o co._n the_o conduit_n inst_z those_o action_n which_o wound_v piety_n reputation_n modesty_n or_o in_o brief_a be_v general_o disallow_v by_o the_o practice_n of_o sober_a man_n may_v be_v reckon_v in_o the_o number_n of_o those_o thing_n which_o nature_n admit_v not_o to_o be_v do_v it_o must_v be_v not_o obscure_a but_o certain_a in_o the_o intimation_n just_a in_o the_o precept_n profitable_a in_o the_o execution_n agree_v with_o the_o form_n of_o government_n custom_n place_n and_o time_n where_o and_o when_o it_o be_v to_o be_v apply_v it_o must_v be_v sufficient_a for_o the_o defence_n of_o propriety_n for_o the_o encouragement_n of_o labour_n for_o the_o safeguard_n of_o the_o subject_n person_n for_o determine_v controversy_n for_o reward_v of_o noble_a action_n and_o excellent_a art_n and_o rare_a invention_n for_o promote_a trade_n enrich_v the_o people_n and_o must_v whole_o advance_v the_o public_a good_a but_o above_o all_o thing_n the_o care_n of_o the_o legislative_a power_n ought_v to_o be_v solicitous_a in_o nothing_o more_o then_o to_o frame_v and_o fashion_v their_o law_n life_n law_n plutarch_n say_v that_o king_n ought_v to_o be_v govern_v by_o law_n explain_v himself_o that_o this_o law_n must_v be_v a_o word_n not_o write_v in_o book_n and_o table_n but_o dwell_v in_o the_o mind_n a_o live_a rule_n the_o interior_a guide_n of_o their_o manner_n and_o monitor_n of_o their_o life_n by_o that_o great_a and_o exemplary_a pattern_n the_o law_n of_o nature_n and_o to_o enact_v or_o decree_v nothing_o dissonant_n unto_o true_a inbred_a and_o natural_a reason_n whereby_o a_o man_n work_v according_a to_o god_n according_a to_o himself_o nature_n the_o universal_a order_n and_o policy_n of_o the_o world_n quiet_o sweet_o and_o as_o silent_o without_o noisâ—…_n a_o ship_n that_o be_v not_o drive_v but_o by_o the_o natural_a and_o ordinary_a coâ—â—â—â—_n of_o the_o water_n for_o when_o the_o wisdom_n and_o power_n of_o god_n first_o bestow_v upon_o man_n understanding_n and_o reason_n he_o intend_v they_o
have_v any_o effect_n to_o the_o take_v away_o or_o prejudice_v of_o the_o right_n of_o any_o person_n that_o be_v concern_v for_o if_o the_o executor_n of_o a_o will_n shall_v combine_v with_o any_o of_o the_o next_o of_o kin_n to_o make_v the_o decease_a dye_n intestate_a and_o thereupon_o do_v faint_o defend_v it_o in_o court_n where_o it_o be_v in_o question_n and_o subduct_n or_o conceal_v those_o proof_n that_o shall_v uphold_v it_o whereby_o for_o want_v of_o proof_n it_o come_v to_o be_v overthrow_v this_o shall_v not_o prejudice_v the_o legatary_n for_o they_o shall_v notwithstanding_o this_o judgement_n thus_o by_o fraud_n obtain_v be_v hear_v to_o maintain_v and_o set_v up_o this_o will_v again_o appellas_fw-la again_o lib._n 14._o dig._n de_fw-fr appellas_fw-la and_o as_o no_o man_n shall_v be_v prejudice_v so_o none_o shall_v reap_v any_o advantage_n by_o the_o fraudulent_a practice_n of_o another_o neither_o though_o he_o be_v no_o party_n nor_o actor_n in_o the_o fraud_n himself_o alterius_fw-la circumventio_fw-la alii_fw-la non_fw-la praebet_fw-la actionem_fw-la jur_fw-fr actionem_fw-la lib._n 49._o dig._n de_fw-fr reg_fw-la jur_fw-fr one_o man_n fraud_n shall_v not_o create_v in_o another_o any_o right_a to_o sue_v the_o civil_a law_n can_v as_o little_a endure_v that_o the_o true_a sense_n and_o meaning_n of_o a_o law_n shall_v be_v destroy_v by_o a_o fraudulent_a interpretation_n that_o keep_v the_o word_n but_o pervert_v the_o end_n for_o which_o it_o be_v make_v in_o fraudem_fw-la legis_fw-la facit_fw-la qui_fw-la salvis_fw-la verbis_fw-la legis_fw-la sententiam_fw-la ejus_fw-la circumvenit_fw-la fraus_fw-la legis_fw-la fit_a ubi_fw-la quod_fw-la fieri_fw-la noluit_fw-la fieri_fw-la autem_fw-la non_fw-la vetuit_fw-la id_fw-la fit_n legib_n fit_n lib._n 29.30_o dig._n the_o legib_n he_o deal_v deceitful_o with_o the_o law_n that_o transgress_v the_o true_a intent_n of_o it_o though_o he_o do_v not_o trespass_n against_o the_o formal_a and_o precise_a word_n and_o therefore_o when_o the_o law_n forbid_v a_o man_n to_o settle_v any_o more_o upon_o his_o bastard_n than_o what_o will_v bare_o keep_v he_o alive_a it_o will_v not_o permit_v he_o to_o settle_v any_o superfluous_a estate_n upon_o any_o other_o person_n for_o that_o bestard_n use_v or_o the_o bastard_n to_o receive_v any_o such_o estate_n from_o his_o parent_n by_o another_o hand_n cum_fw-la quid_fw-la una_fw-la via_fw-la prohibetur_fw-la alicui_fw-la ad_fw-la id_fw-la alia_fw-la via_fw-la non_fw-la debet_fw-la admitti_fw-la that_o 6._o that_o reg._n 8â—_n de_fw-fr reg_fw-la jur_fw-fr in_o 6._o which_o can_v lawful_o be_v do_v one_o way_n or_o direct_o must_v not_o be_v do_v indirect_o or_o by_o another_o in_o like_a manner_n as_o nothing_o be_v more_o precious_a among_o man_n than_o life_n property_n good_a name_n liberty_n and_o the_o right_n of_o contract_n in_o the_o which_o the_o whole_a civil_a interest_n and_o welfare_n of_o all_o people_n may_v be_v right_o say_v to_o be_v comprise_v so_o it_o be_v not_o enough_o to_o provide_v in_o a_o general_a way_n for_o they_o neither_o for_o it_o do_v not_o suffice_v to_o declare_v by_o a_o law_n that_o neither_o the_o life_n property_n nor_o liberty_n of_o any_o subject_a shall_v be_v take_v away_o but_o by_o course_n of_o law_n and_o a_o lawful_a trial_n first_o have_v nor_o to_o forbid_v calumny_n and_o slander_n nor_o to_o command_v that_o the_o contract_n and_o agreement_n of_o man_n shall_v be_v mutual_o observe_v but_o a_o special_a and_o most_o vigilant_a care_n be_v to_o be_v have_v also_o that_o all_o proceed_n of_o justice_n when_o a_o suit_n be_v bring_v concern_v any_o of_o they_o be_v answerable_a to_o those_o great_a interest_n and_o that_o nothing_o be_v admit_v which_o can_v any_o way_n though_o oblique_o or_o afar_o off_o infringe_v or_o overthrow_v any_o of_o they_o whereof_o the_o civil_a law_n be_v so_o tender_a that_o by_o bring_v the_o action_n a_o man_n right_n be_v rather_o improve_v than_o make_v worse_o neme_n in_o persequendo_fw-la deteriorem_fw-la causam_fw-la sed_fw-la meliorem_fw-la facit_fw-la jur_fw-fr facit_fw-la lib._n â—7_n dig._n de_fw-fr reg_fw-la jur_fw-fr to_o try_v a_o man_n right_n be_v rather_o a_o advantage_n than_o any_o prejudice_n when_o therefore_o any_o of_o these_o right_n be_v in_o question_n if_o the_o law_n of_o a_o state_n be_v so_o short_a and_o defective_a as_o that_o a_o mischief_n may_v be_v do_v and_o yet_o no_o remedy_n be_v find_v or_o not_o a_o sufficient_a one_o or_o if_o a_o prejudicial_a act_n may_v pass_v against_o i_o that_o may_v endanger_v my_o whole_a right_n in_o the_o end_n and_o i_o not_o present_v thereat_o nor_o call_v unto_o it_o or_o if_o i_o have_v not_o liberty_n to_o examine_v my_o adversary_n upon_o his_o oath_n to_o something_o which_o will_v clear_v the_o whole_a matter_n and_o whereof_o i_o have_v no_o other_o testimony_n but_o his_o own_o conscience_n or_o if_o i_o may_v not_o be_v admit_v to_o make_v out_o the_o matter_n as_o well_o by_o violent_a and_o strong_a presumtion_n as_o by_o clear_a and_o manifest_a proof_n or_o if_o the_o testimony_n of_o one_o only_a witness_n be_v sufficient_a in_o any_o matter_n whatsoever_o to_o cast_v and_o condemn_v i_o or_o if_o where_o i_o can_v have_v my_o witness_n to_o the_o bar_n through_o sickness_n or_o absence_n beyond_o the_o sea_n there_o be_v not_o some_o expedient_a allow_v to_o have_v his_o testimony_n upon_o his_o oath_n send_v to_o the_o court_n where_o my_o trial_n be_v to_o be_v or_o if_o such_o just_a exception_n as_o may_v take_v away_o or_o at_o least_o extenuate_v the_o credit_n of_o the_o evidence_n bring_v against_o i_o will_v not_o be_v allow_v or_o if_o the_o justice_n of_o a_o nation_n be_v too_o quick_a and_o over_o hasty_a in_o conclude_v upon_o the_o right_n of_o man_n before_o they_o can_v well_o prepare_v to_o defend_v they_o or_o on_o the_o contrary_a be_v too_o slow_a and_o tedious_a as_o not_o limit_v a_o time_n when_o suit_n shall_v determine_v of_o themselves_o if_o they_o be_v not_o judge_v before_o or_o if_o one_o sentence_n shall_v be_v so_o final_a that_o i_o may_v not_o appeal_v nor_o bring_v my_o right_n to_o a_o trial_n any_o more_o i_o say_v where_o these_o proceed_n or_o such_o like_a be_v allow_v and_o and_z practise_v whatsoever_o be_v most_o precious_a and_o of_o high_a value_n among_o man_n be_v it_o life_n property_n good_a name_n liberty_n right_a of_o contract_n or_o whatsoever_o else_o be_v fly_v to_o the_o sanctuary_n of_o the_o law_n it_o be_v subject_a to_o be_v destroy_v and_o take_v away_o for_o whether_o the_o right_n of_o a_o people_n be_v prejudice_v by_o a_o irregular_a way_n of_o bring_v they_o to_o trial_n and_o judgement_n or_o by_o the_o iniquity_n of_o those_o law_n that_o shall_v judge_v they_o in_o the_o end_n the_o mischief_n be_v all_o one_o a_o state_n therefore_o that_o will_v sufficient_o provide_v for_o defence_n of_o their_o people_n right_n must_v not_o only_o take_v care_n that_o the_o law_n that_o must_v definitive_o over-rule_v and_o determine_v they_o be_v equal_a just_a and_o rational_a but_o the_o form_n of_o trial_n must_v be_v the_o same_o also_o that_o the_o same_o security_n and_o just_a deal_n which_o be_v the_o end_n of_o both_o may_v be_v obtain_v and_o herein_o the_o roman_a civil_a law_n have_v be_v more_o exact_a and_o careful_a than_o some_o other_o law_n of_o the_o world_n have_v be_v for_o there_o be_v nothing_o of_o what_o nature_n soever_o it_o be_v but_o the_o civil_a law_n have_v ordain_v a_o mean_n to_o bring_v it_o to_o a_o discussion_n and_o trial_n either_o by_o give_v a_o special_a action_n in_o the_o case_n action_n case_n tot._n tit._n inst_z de_fw-fr action_n or_o a_o general_a one_o action_n one_o dig_v the_o prescript_n verb._n &_o infact_n action_n relieve_v by_o ordinary_a remedy_n or_o if_o those_o fail_v by_o such_o as_o be_v extraordinary_a titu_fw-la extraordinary_a tot._n tit_n dig._n &_o lo._n de_fw-fr in_o intâ—gr_n res_fw-la titu_fw-la help_a man_n jure_fw-la actionis_fw-la or_o officio_fw-la judicis_fw-la that_o be_v by_o way_n of_o complain_v in_o their_o own_o name_n or_o borrow_v the_o name_n of_o the_o magistrate_n jus_o magistrate_n gl._n in_o s_o actic_n inst_z the_o action_n verb._n quam_fw-la jus_o to_o make_v their_o complaint_n more_o effectual_a so_o that_o one_o way_n or_o other_o a_o remedy_n may_v be_v have_v whatsoever_o the_o evil_a be_v nor_o do_v it_o suffer_v any_o just_a complaint_n to_o go_v away_o unremedy_v and_o although_o it_o give_v the_o high_a authority_n to_o order_n and_o decree_n of_o court_n yet_o it_o be_v so_o tender_a of_o and_o have_v such_o a_o heedful_a respect_n towards_o the_o right_n and_o interest_n of_o man_n that_o whether_o a_o man_n be_v concern_v alone_o in_o a_o cause_n or_o whether_o other_o be_v concern_v with_o he_o it_o allow_v of_o no_o act_n
further_a proof_n be_v exclude_v so_o that_o the_o next_o step_n be_v to_o judge_v and_o pronounce_v final_o upon_o the_o whole_a matter_n and_o although_o the_o roman_a empire_n be_v the_o large_a and_o most_o extend_v that_o ever_o be_v and_o the_o multitude_n of_o cause_n must_v be_v suppose_v to_o be_v great_a too_o yet_o no_o civil_a cause_n whatsoever_o be_v to_o last_v and_o continue_v long_o then_o by_o the_o space_n of_o three_o year_n nor_o any_o criminal_a matter_n can_v be_v prosecute_v against_o any_o person_n after_o two_o year_n time_n end_v so_o that_o all_o the_o proceed_n that_o shall_v follow_v and_o be_v make_v after_o such_o time_n end_v be_v absolute_o null_a and_o void_a judis_fw-la void_a lib._n 13._o go._n de_fw-fr judis_fw-la last_o so_o careful_a it_o be_v to_o preserve_v and_o uphold_v the_o right_n of_o man_n that_o it_o do_v not_o make_v any_o single_a judgement_n to_o be_v absolute_o conclusive_a and_o final_a if_o he_o that_o be_v cast_v be_v desirous_a to_o bring_v his_o cause_n to_o be_v try_v again_o by_o another_o tribunal_n so_o much_o more_o fit_v be_v it_o that_o the_o sentence_n of_o any_o judge_n shall_v be_v impeach_v and_o overthrow_v than_o that_o truth_n shall_v suffer_v or_o any_o man_n right_n shall_v be_v injurious_o take_v away_o within_o ten_o day_n therefore_o after_o sentence_n give_v he_o that_o be_v condemn_v may_v by_o appeal_n to_o the_o next_o superior_a judge_n complain_v thereof_o and_o upon_o sufficient_a error_n assign_v or_o upon_o some_o further_a proof_n make_v then_o be_v before_o he_o may_v procure_v the_o first_o sentence_n to_o be_v quite_o reverse_v or_o at_o least_o reform_v for_o the_o end_n of_o a_o appeal_v be_v ut_fw-la aut_fw-la iniquitatem_fw-la aut_fw-la imperitiam_fw-la judicis_fw-la corrigat_fw-la appellat_fw-la corrigat_fw-la lib._n 1._o dig_v de_fw-fr appellat_fw-la to_o rectify_v either_o injustice_n or_o error_n these_o few_o instance_n for_o they_o be_v intend_v for_o no_o more_o and_o thereby_o to_o take_v a_o conjecture_n of_o the_o rest_n also_o may_v suffice_v to_o show_v that_o as_o the_o safety_n of_o the_o people_n right_n be_v the_o general_a end_n and_o intention_n of_o the_o civil_a law_n so_o it_o do_v dispose_v and_o qualify_v all_o its_o constitution_n and_o particular_o the_o form_n of_o trial_n and_o judicial_a proceed_n to_o the_o selfsame_a end_n and_o purpose_n and_o it_o do_v constant_o hold_v and_o prosecute_v the_o same_o course_n in_o other_o matter_n for_o if_o the_o civil_a law_n be_v right_o understand_v it_o will_v appear_v that_o they_o gross_o err_v who_o think_v that_o though_o by_o the_o civil_a law_n property_n be_v sufficient_o enough_o maintain_v against_o common_a man_n yet_o that_o the_o prince_n or_o sovereign_n have_v a_o loose_a power_n give_v he_o thereby_o than_o other_o law_n will_v allow_v to_o command_v or_o dispose_v thereof_o at_o pleasure_n because_o it_o be_v a_o rule_n in_o that_o law_n that_o quod_fw-la principi_fw-la placuit_fw-la legis_fw-la habet_fw-la rigorem_fw-la civil_a rigorem_fw-la lib._n 1._o dig_v de_fw-fr constit_fw-la princi_n sect_n 6._o inst_z de_fw-fr jur._n nat._n gent._n &_o civil_a what_o please_v the_o prince_n have_v the_o force_n of_o a_o law_n and_o princeps_fw-la legibus_fw-la solutus_fw-la est_fw-la 2._o est_fw-la lib._n 31._o dig._n de_fw-fr legib._n novel_a 105._o c._n 2._o a_o prince_n be_v not_o tie_v to_o law_n which_o be_v literal_o understand_v and_o not_o take_v in_o that_o fair_a and_o moderate_a sense_n which_o by_o the_o course_n of_o the_o whole_a law_n and_o by_o the_o current_n of_o interpreter_n it_o be_v expound_v in_o do_v import_v as_o if_o property_n life_n liberty_n and_o all_o be_v subject_a and_o do_v hold_v of_o the_o prince_n will_n but_o that_o this_o can_v be_v the_o meaning_n be_v most_o evident_a for_o that_o his_o mere_a lust_n or_o appetite_n or_o every_o inordinate_a command_n that_o go_v forth_o from_o he_o shall_v be_v a_o law_n be_v not_o so_o believe_v that_o the_o civil_a law_n ever_o intend_v but_o when_o the_o roman_a state_n be_v now_o change_v from_o be_v a_o popular_a state_n and_o be_v become_v a_o absolute_a empire_n and_o that_o the_o people_n have_v confer_v their_o whole_a power_n that_o be_v in_o themselves_o before_o upon_o augustus_n caesar_n in_o who_o time_n it_o be_v that_o the_o royal_a law_n be_v make_v and_o his_o successor_n it_o be_v mean_v by_o those_o word_n that_o the_o legislative_a power_n shall_v whole_o rest_v in_o he_o without_o the_o concurrence_n of_o any_o other_o and_o that_o thenceforward_o the_o law_n shall_v come_v from_o he_o and_o be_v as_o obsequious_o obey_v as_o if_o they_o come_v from_o the_o whole_a people_n but_o yet_o so_o that_o they_o shall_v not_o be_v repugnant_a to_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n the_o common_a dictate_v of_o reason_n or_o mischievous_a to_o the_o public_a welfare_n and_o therefore_o say_v harprechtus_n cod_n harprechtus_n d._n sect_n 6._o inst_z cod_n verbum_fw-la plicendi_fw-la aut_fw-la placiti_fw-la non_fw-la volupt_a itis_fw-la non_fw-la libidinis_fw-la non_fw-la etiam_fw-la absolu'ae_fw-la est_fw-la voluntatis_fw-la sod_a justitiae_fw-la rationis_fw-la &_o consilii_fw-la the_o word_n please_v or_o pleasure_n do_v not_o denote_v riot_n lust_n or_o absolute_a will_n but_o justice_n reason_n and_o good_a consideration_n so_o that_o though_o the_o pleasure_n of_o a_o sovereign_n whilst_o he_o publish_v any_o thing_n for_o a_o law_n be_v bind_v and_o to_o be_v obey_v because_o a_o law_n can_v come_v from_o none_o but_o he_o where_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o government_n be_v such_o yet_o it_o must_v be_v equal_a just_a honest_a and_o profitable_a 130._o profitable_a haâ—precht_n inst._n the_o rer_n dâ—v_fw-la 〈◊〉_d p_o inc_fw-la 〈◊〉_d 130._o and_o what_o do_v a_o sovereign_n more_o in_o this_o than_o all_o other_o sort_n of_o governor_n whatsoever_o be_v they_o more_o than_o one_o as_o in_o a_o optimacy_n or_o be_v the_o government_n in_o the_o whole_a people_n or_o what_o more_o power_n be_v give_v in_o this_o by_o the_o civil_a law_n to_o a_o absolute_a sovereign_n which_o be_v not_o by_o other_o law_n give_v to_o the_o supreme_a &_o high_a rule_n of_o any_o nation_n again_o all_o law_n in_o the_o world_n do_v allow_v those_o that_o have_v the_o supreme_a power_n in_o they_o to_o take_v away_o liberty_n by_o imprisonment_n where_o there_o be_v any_o public_a danger_n by_o freedom_n or_o where_o it_o may_v be_v a_o just_a punishment_n for_o contempt_n and_o disobedience_n and_o to_o take_v away_o life_n too_o for_o capital_a offence_n commit_v and_o where_o public_a defence_n call_v for_o it_o to_o command_v their_o very_a subject_n person_n and_o estate_n to_o such_o a_o proportion_n as_o the_o present_a necessity_n require_v for_o without_o this_o power_n no_o community_n can_v long_o endure_v nor_o any_o peace_n be_v preserve_v and_o more_o than_o this_o nor_o in_o any_o other_o case_n do_v the_o civil_a law_n grant_v a_o sovereign_a licence_n to_o touch_v either_o property_n life_n or_o liberty_n 95._o liberty_n harpretcht_v loc_fw-la titat_fw-la nu_fw-la 95._o and_o where_o the_o civil_a law_n have_v declare_v that_o a_o prince_n be_v exempt_a from_o law_n the_o meaning_n be_v not_o that_o he_o may_v violate_v and_o trample_v upon_o they_o as_o himself_o lift_v as_o oft_o as_o they_o stand_v in_o his_o way_n for_o that_o be_v contradict_v express_o by_o divers_a text_n of_o the_o civil_a law_n 3._o law_n l._n 4_o co_fw-la de_fw-fr legib_n l._n 23._o de_fw-fr dâ—g_n legate_n 3._o but_o that_o he_o be_v not_o punishable_a when_o he_o break_v they_o because_o he_o have_v no_o humane_a superior_a to_o judge_v or_o question_v he_o or_o to_o exact_a obedience_n from_o he_o that_o in_o some_o case_n he_o may_v give_v licence_n to_o his_o subject_n not_o to_o observe_v some_o certain_a of_o they_o by_o way_n of_o dispensation_n that_o be_v may_v grant_v pardon_n to_o some_o that_o have_v transgress_v they_o where_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o fact_n will_v bear_v it_o and_o that_o he_o may_v also_o quite_o abolish_v they_o when_o they_o be_v grow_v useless_a or_o hurtful_a 120._o hurtful_a harprecht_n loc_fw-la citat_fw-la nu_fw-la 120._o and_o under_o what_o law_n or_o government_n be_v it_o where_o all_o these_o thing_n be_v not_o clear_a without_o any_o dispute_n and_o hold_v lawful_a and_o continual_o do_v and_o general_o in_o all_o instance_n of_o the_o civil_a law_n as_o well_o as_o in_o those_o whereof_o mention_n be_v make_v before_o it_o may_v be_v observe_v that_o the_o imperial_a law_n do_v not_o only_o ratify_v and_o confirm_v the_o general_a law_n of_o nature_n and_o of_o nation_n but_o take_v care_n also_o to_o reduce_v all_o its_o constitution_n that_o may_v be_v any_o way_n instrumental_a to_o the_o distribution_n of_o justice_n in_o particular_a case_n how_o remote_a soever_o they_o be_v from_o the_o prime_n and_o
chief_a principle_n to_o a_o perfect_a conformity_n with_o they_o and_o so_o ought_v the_o law_n of_o every_o state_n to_o do_v for_o that_o be_v the_o true_a way_n to_o make_v it_o rational_a throughout_o &_o to_o keep_v it_o from_o be_v contradictory_n to_o itself_o and_o that_o particular_a law_n that_o make_v the_o least_o deflection_n from_o nature_n and_o the_o common_a reason_n of_o man_n and_o who_o act_n and_o edict_n carry_v most_o of_o that_o evidence_n and_o demonstration_n along_o with_o they_o as_o doubtless_o some_o law_n carry_v more_o and_o other_o less_o as_o the_o wisdom_n of_o those_o that_o make_v they_o be_v great_a or_o lesser_a that_o law_n i_o say_v must_v needs_o be_v the_o most_o rational_a and_o thereby_o the_o best_a and_o perfect_a law_n of_o all_o other_o chap._n ii_o that_o what_o reason_n teach_v shall_v be_v make_v the_o subject_n of_o a_o law_n be_v no_o superfluous_a but_o a_o profitable_a thing_n it_o be_v not_o any_o hard_a matter_n to_o give_v the_o reason_n why_o the_o principle_n of_o right_n and_o justice_n and_o the_o duty_n of_o a_o civil_a life_n that_o be_v already_o engrave_v by_o nature_n in_o the_o heart_n of_o man_n shall_v notwithstanding_o be_v further_o declare_v and_o make_v know_v by_o a_o law_n for_o first_o though_o some_o principle_n of_o reason_n be_v in_o themselves_o so_o apparent_a that_o they_o need_v no_o illustration_n yet_o there_o be_v other_o more_o secret_a and_o more_o remote_a from_o the_o understanding_n than_o that_o they_o can_v be_v discern_v by_o every_o man_n present_a conceit_n without_o some_o deep_a discourse_n and_o judgement_n in_o which_o discourse_n because_o there_o be_v difficulty_n and_o possibility_n many_o way_n to_o err_v unless_o such_o thing_n be_v set_v down_o by_o law_n many_o will_v be_v ignorant_a of_o their_o duty_n which_o now_o be_v not_o and_o many_o that_o know_v what_o they_o shall_v do_v will_v nevertheless_o dissemble_v it_o and_o to_o excuse_v themselves_o pretend_v ignorance_n and_o simplicity_n which_o now_o they_o can_v 6._o can_v tameise_v nulla_fw-la perturbatione_fw-la judices_fw-la ab_fw-la aequitate_fw-la dimoverentur_fw-la nihilominus_fw-la tamen_fw-la legibus_fw-la opus_fw-la est_fw-la quibus_fw-la vel_fw-la uti_fw-la lucerna_fw-la quadam_fw-la vel_fw-la imperiti_fw-la inâ—_n densissimis_fw-la humanarum_fw-la actionum_fw-la tenebris_fw-la dirigantur_fw-la vel_fw-la scelerati_fw-la metu_fw-la paenarum_fw-la terreantur_fw-la bodin_n de_fw-fr rep_n l._n 6._o c_o 6._o that_o a_o ship_n and_o good_n cast_v away_o at_o sea_n by_o tempest_n if_o they_o be_v drive_v to_o land_n shall_v accrue_v to_o the_o public_a exchequer_n and_o the_o distress_a owner_n shall_v not_o by_o any_o claim_n recover_v they_o some_o will_v not_o believe_v it_o to_o be_v barbarous_a and_o most_o unnatural_a for_o it_o be_v practise_v by_o some_o nation_n 10._o nation_n sic_fw-la vivitur_fw-la ut_fw-la qui_fw-la portus_fw-la habent_fw-la cam_fw-la ciudelitatem_fw-la tum_fw-la in_fw-la cives_fw-la tum_fw-la in_o peregrinos_fw-la exequantur_fw-la jus_fw-la quaeris_fw-la errorius_fw-la facit_fw-la bodin_n de_fw-fr rep_n l._n 1._o c_o 10._o and_o defend_v by_o divers_a learned_a man_n and_o yet_o a_o very_a heathen_a by_o instinct_n of_o nature_n can_v cry_v out_o absit_fw-la o_fw-la jupiter_n ut_fw-la lucrum_fw-la captemus_fw-la tale_n ex_fw-la hominum_fw-la infortunio_fw-la jove_n forbid_v that_o we_o shall_v draw_v such_o lucre_n from_o man_n distress_n and_o therefore_o constantine_n the_o emperor_n do_v by_o a_o law_n establish_v this_o dictate_v of_o nature_n and_o reason_n and_o restore_v they_o to_o the_o owner_n and_o charge_v his_o exchecquer-man_n not_o to_o meddle_v with_o they_o quod_fw-la enim_fw-la say_v he_o naufrag_n he_o lib._n 1._o co_fw-la de_fw-fr naufrag_n jus_o habet_fw-la fiseusin_n aliena_fw-la calamitate_fw-la ut_fw-la de_fw-fr re_fw-mi tam_fw-la luctuosa_fw-la compendium_n sectetur_fw-la what_o right_a can_v another_o calamity_n bestow_v upon_o the_o public_a treasury_n that_o it_o shall_v reap_v benefit_n from_o a_o sad_a disaster_n second_o falsehood_n do_v so_o sack_v to_o clothe_v itself_o with_o the_o similitude_n and_o appearance_n of_o truth_n that_o none_o of_o the_o ordinary_a sort_n of_o man_n and_o not_o all_o of_o the_o best_a rank_n neither_o can_v discover_v or_o distinguish_v true_a and_o solid_a reason_n from_o that_o which_o be_v false_a and_o counterfeit_a when_o therefore_o our_o own_o natural_a instinct_n &_o inbred_a knowledge_n bear_v witness_n to_o any_o thing_n &_o we_o have_v the_o warrant_n and_o allowance_n of_o the_o law_n for_o it_o beside_o no_o false_a colour_n or_o semblance_n of_o reason_n can_v deceive_v we_o for_o what_o the_o wisdom_n and_o experience_n of_o a_o nation_n have_v agree_v and_o declare_v to_o be_v just_a and_o convenient_a and_o our_o heart_n do_v own_o and_o allow_v to_o be_v so_o that_o unquestionable_o carry_v it_o in_o the_o great_a evidence_n and_o certainty_n of_o true_a and_o pure_a reason_n that_o mortal_a man_n can_v attain_v to_o in_o thing_n of_o humane_a and_o civil_a intercourse_n three_o the_o law_n of_o reason_n which_o man_n retain_v his_o original_a integrity_n have_v be_v sufficient_a to_o direct_v each_o particular_a person_n in_o all_o his_o affair_n and_o duty_n be_v not_o of_o themselves_o sufficient_a but_o do_v require_v the_o access_n of_o other_o law_n now_o that_o man_n and_o his_o offspring_n be_v grow_v thus_o corrupt_a and_o sinful_a and_o because_o the_o great_a part_n of_o man_n be_v such_o as_o prefer_v their_o own_o private_a good_a before_o all_o thing_n even_o that_o good_a which_o be_v sensual_a before_o whatsoever_o be_v most_o divine_a and_o for_o that_o the_o labour_n or_o do_v good_a together_o with_o the_o pleasure_n arise_v from_o the_o contrary_a do_v make_v man_n for_o the_o most_o part_n slow_a to_o the_o one_o and_o proner_o to_o the_o other_o therefore_o unto_o law_n it_o have_v seem_v always_o needful_a to_o add_v reward_n which_o more_o allure_v unto_o good_a then_o any_o hardness_n deter_v from_o it_o and_o punishment_n which_o may_v more_o deter_v from_o evil_a than_o any_o sweetness_n thereto_o allure_v wherein_o as_o the_o generality_n and_o substance_n be_v natural_a virtue_n rewardable_a and_o vice_n punishable_a so_o the_o particular_a determination_n of_o the_o reward_n or_o punishment_n and_o all_o other_o circumstance_n be_v the_o proper_a act_n of_o the_o law_n four_o when_o man_n be_v rebuke_v for_o act_v contrary_a to_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n and_o the_o light_n of_o reason_n what_o one_o among_o they_o common_o do_v not_o stomach_n at_o such_o contradiction_n storm_n at_o reproof_n and_o hate_v such_o as_o will_v reform_v they_o notwithstanding_o even_o they_o which_o brook_v it_o worst_a that_o man_n shall_v tell_v they_o of_o their_o duty_n when_o they_o be_v tell_v the_o same_o by_o a_o law_n think_v very_o well_o and_o 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which_o great_a evil_n may_v ensue_v to_o which_o he_o know_v the_o jew_n such_o be_v the_o malignity_n of_o their_o nature_n may_v soon_o be_v tempt_v likewise_o it_o be_v not_o void_a of_o reason_n neither_o that_o the_o same_o fall_n shall_v be_v punish_v with_o great_a severity_n in_o one_o state_n where_o the_o opportunity_n of_o commit_v it_o be_v great_a the_o inclination_n of_o the_o people_n more_o prone_a to_o offend_v therein_o and_o the_o prejudice_n thence_o arise_v be_v more_o considerable_a than_o in_o another_o where_o it_o be_v not_o so_o evenit_fw-la say_v the_o same_o saturninus_z 9_o saturninus_z d.l._n 16._o par_fw-fr 9_o ut_fw-la eadem_fw-la scelera_fw-la in_o quibusdam_fw-la provinâ—iis_fw-la gravius_fw-la plectantur_fw-la ut_fw-la in_o africa_n messium_fw-la incensores_fw-la in_o mysia_n vitium_fw-la ubi_fw-la metalla_fw-la sunt_fw-la adulteratores_fw-la monetae_fw-la it_o happen_v that_o the_o same_o foul_a action_n be_v more_o heavy_o punish_v in_o certain_a province_n as_o those_o that_o set_v fire_n on_o corn_n in_o africa_n on_o vine_n in_o mysia_n and_o corrupter_n of_o currant_n money_n where_o it_o be_v of_o metal_n neither_o be_v it_o any_o injustice_n or_o cruelty_n thus_o to_o vary_v non_fw-la statim_fw-la debet_fw-la videri_fw-la tyrannis_fw-la siquid_fw-la gravius_fw-la aut_fw-la remissius_fw-la publicae_fw-la necessitatis_fw-la causa_fw-la in_o legibus_fw-la statuitur_fw-la nam_fw-la sine_fw-la tali_fw-la injuria_fw-la respublicae_fw-la non_fw-la possunt_fw-la regi_fw-la say_v conradus_n lagus_n 7._o lagus_n method_n jur_fw-fr civ_o part_n 1._o c._n 4._o nu_fw-la 7._o it_o ought_v not_o to_o be_v look_v upon_o as_o tyranny_n if_o at_o any_o time_n the_o hand_n of_o the_o law_n be_v sometime_o heavy_a and_o sometime_o light_a as_o public_a necessity_n shall_v command_v for_o without_o such_o inequality_n of_o measure_n common_a wealth_n can_v be_v govern_v and_o yet_o all_o this_o while_n here_o be_v no_o repugnancy_n to_o nature_n neither_o for_o the_o general_a principle_n of_o nature_n and_o of_o nation_n which_o be_v to_o punish_v offence_n that_o be_v past_a and_o to_o suppress_v they_o for_o the_o future_a be_v still_o observe_v only_o it_o be_v accommodate_v to_o several_a nation_n which_o be_v various_a and_o differ_v it_o can_v possible_o be_v execute_v by_o the_o same_o coercion_n or_o penalty_n nor_o in_o one_o and_o the_o same_o manner_n second_o the_o form_n and_o kind_n of_o government_n must_v be_v respect_v also_o for_o some_o law_n may_v be_v judge_v very_o good_a and_o fit_v for_o a_o monarchy_n which_o can_v be_v so_o account_v of_o in_o a_o government_n by_o a_o few_o or_o by_o the_o whole_a people_n or_o in_o such_o a_o one_o as_o be_v mix_v and_o make_v up_o out_o of_o they_o all_o three_o when_o a_o justice_n of_o the_o law_n be_v doubt_v it_o must_v be_v examine_v what_o urgency_n of_o affair_n there_o be_v at_o that_o time_n when_o the_o law_n be_v make_v and_o whether_o some_o necessity_n and_o great_a reason_n of_o state_n do_v not_o enforce_v it_o for_o those_o that_o guide_v the_o stern_a
do_v see_v those_o let_n and_o difficulty_n in_o preserve_v the_o whole_a which_o other_o can_v discern_v and_o therefore_o it_o be_v no_o marvel_n if_o such_o law_n be_v enact_v sometime_o for_o which_o no_o reason_n can_v be_v render_v non_fw-la emnium_fw-la quae_fw-la à _fw-la majoribus_fw-la constituta_fw-la sunt_fw-la ratio_fw-la redda_fw-mi potest_fw-la legib_n potest_fw-la l._n 20._o dig_v de_fw-fr legib_n a_o reason_n can_v be_v give_v for_o every_o thing_n that_o our_o ancestor_n have_v establish_v for_o a_o law_n four_o a_o law_n that_o may_v be_v mischievous_a to_o divers_a particular_a person_n though_o otherwise_o very_o innocent_a must_v not_o therefore_o be_v present_o condemn_v as_o unreasonable_a so_o that_o it_o be_v convenient_a and_o profitable_a for_o the_o public_a welfare_n jura_n non_fw-la in_o singulas_fw-la personas_fw-la sed_fw-la generaliter_fw-la constituuntur_fw-la legib_n constituuntur_fw-la l._n 8._o dig._n the_o legib_n law_n be_v ordain_v for_o the_o 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roman_a civil_a law_n have_v be_v helpful_a in_o the_o exercise_n of_o the_o ecclesiastical_a jurisdiction_n of_o this_o nation_n which_o because_o they_o see_v eradicate_v and_o quite_o take_v away_o they_o judge_v the_o other_o quite_o useless_a and_o therefore_o in_o their_o conceit_n ought_v not_o to_o be_v keep_v or_o continue_v here_o any_o long_o in_o which_o argument_n be_v there_o any_o strength_n of_o reason_n it_o may_v be_v more_o strong_o enforce_v against_o the_o commmon_a law_n itself_o the_o intent_n and_o scope_n whereof_o be_v to_o set_v up_o and_o maintain_v a_o absolute_a successive_a monarchy_n in_o this_o nation_n and_o to_o keep_v the_o people_n in_o a_o subjection_n under_o it_o that_o government_n be_v now_o throw_v down_o it_o may_v be_v infer_v that_o the_o law_n also_o which_o do_v find_v and_o support_v it_o shall_v never_o be_v make_v use_n of_o more_o and_o that_o a_o law_n of_o great_a liberty_n and_o freedom_n shall_v be_v set_v up_o in_o place_n of_o it_o and_o so_o in_o conclusion_n the_o reason_n of_o these_o disputant_n will_v allow_v we_o no_o law_n at_o all_o but_o these_o must_v not_o be_v ignorant_a that_o the_o civil_a law_n be_v original_o make_v lest_o of_o all_o for_o ecclesiastical_a matter_n nor_o yet_o for_o so_o few_o case_n as_o in_o this_o nation_n it_o be_v permit_v to_o deal_v in_o but_o it_o be_v first_o ordain_v to_o guide_v the_o mighty_a and_o vast_a empire_n that_o the_o world_n have_v yet_o know_v and_o under_o it_o the_o same_o grow_v and_o prosper_v to_o the_o terror_n of_o its_o enemy_n the_o joy_n and_o comfort_n of_o its_o friend_n and_o confederate_n and_o to_o the_o astonishment_n of_o the_o whole_a earth_n indeed_o before_o the_o first_o foundation_n of_o this_o law_n be_v lay_v the_o roman_n do_v not_o disdain_v to_o fetch_v their_o law_n from_o athens_n that_o city_n which_o be_v once_o the_o nurse_n of_o reason_n and_o flourish_v in_o eloquence_n and_o brave_a achievement_n more_o than_o all_o greece_n whence_o the_o learned_a father_n of_o the_o church_n suck_v literature_n basil_n his_o eloquence_n nazianzen_n his_o strength_n and_o other_o their_o flow_a oratory_n that_o athens_n which_o who_o have_v not_o see_v be_v by_o lysippus_n account_v a_o very_a block_n but_o since_o this_o beautiful_a fabric_n of_o the_o civil_a law_n be_v rear_v up_o and_o come_v to_o the_o perfection_n we_o now_o see_v it_o in_o it_o do_v not_o only_a order_n and_o compose_v all_o matter_n of_o public_a justice_n and_o of_o private_a right_n in_o that_o state_n but_o be_v since_o through_o the_o singular_a treasure_n of_o wisdom_n and_o pure_a reason_n lay_v up_o there_o propagate_v also_o to_o other_o nation_n who_o constant_o use_v it_o in_o their_o court_n in_o conjunction_n with_o their_o own_o law_n and_o in_o conformity_n to_o other_o nation_n do_v it_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o the_o use_n of_o it_o be_v admit_v and_o bring_v into_o the_o ecclesiastical_a and_o other_o court_n of_o this_o nation_n where_o natural_a equity_n and_o the_o best_a reason_n come_v to_o be_v dispense_v in_o the_o do_n of_o right_a and_o justice_n and_o especial_o for_o commerce_n with_o nation_n abroad_o whereunto_o that_o knowledge_n be_v most_o requisite_a therefore_o to_o say_v that_o the_o civil_a law_n be_v useless_a because_o the_o ecclesiastical_a power_n be_v throw_v out_o be_v as_o much_o as_o if_o we_o say_v we_o have_v no_o further_o need_v of_o natural_a equity_n or_o right_a reason_n nor_o need_v to_o treat_v with_o foreign_a nation_n any_o long_o nor_o now_o be_v so_o wise_a as_o we_o have_v be_v and_o as_o other_o nation_n be_v last_o though_o the_o wise_a of_o a_o people_n have_v upon_o mature_a deliberation_n agree_v upon_o a_o law_n and_o the_o legislative_a power_n of_o the_o nation_n have_v enact_v it_o yet_o that_o do_v not_o present_o conclude_v the_o same_o to_o be_v rational_a for_o since_o the_o people_n of_o other_o nation_n be_v partaker_n of_o the_o same_o nature_n reason_n learning_n and_o experience_n with_o they_o except_o it_o can_v appear_v rational_a to_o other_o also_o that_o be_v teach_v and_o guide_v by_o the_o same_o principle_n it_o be_v not_o to_o be_v deem_v rational_a and_o from_o this_o single_a ground_n only_o be_v it_o that_o the_o roman_a civil_a law_n come_v to_o be_v so_o universal_o embrace_v by_o other_o nation_n and_o to_o pass_v so_o general_o for_o a_o most_o rational_a and_o just_a law_n because_o more_o natural_a and_o common_a principle_n of_o reason_n justice_n and_o equity_n be_v find_v therein_o then_o in_o any_o other_o law_n of_o man_n ordain_v and_o because_o we_o meet_v with_o that_o reason_n there_o that_o be_v universal_a and_o common_a to_o all_o mankind_n and_o if_o there_o be_v any_o certainty_n of_o reason_n in_o matter_n of_o humane_a discourse_n as_o we_o must_v admit_v there_o be_v else_o we_o shall_v put_v out_o one_o of_o the_o chief_a light_n that_o
and_o commonwealth_n among_o so_o many_o thousand_o of_o different_a person_n and_o of_o different_a humour_n there_o be_v many_o so_o exorbitant_a and_o turbulent_a that_o no_o wit_n nor_o power_n of_o man_n can_v be_v able_a fair_o to_o tame_v or_o temper_v they_o the_o law_n therefore_o must_v be_v fit_v to_o all_o such_o public_a accident_n provide_v sharp_a remedy_n for_o disease_n that_o be_v acute_a and_o desperate_a neither_o must_v they_o tender_v the_o private_a right_n or_o safety_n of_o a_o few_o if_o their_o detriment_n or_o mischief_n may_v secure_v the_o whole_a in_o these_o case_n legum_n convenientiam_fw-la &_o aptitudinem_fw-la semper_fw-la expetimus_fw-la non_fw-la semper_fw-la aequitatem_fw-la the_o extremity_n of_o a_o nation_n must_v be_v provide_v for_o by_o fit_v and_o convenient_a mean_n though_o the_o exactness_n of_o right_n and_o justice_n seem_v to_o be_v infringe_v for_o herein_o the_o common_a wealth_n be_v like_a unto_o a_o ship_n in_o a_o storm_n at_o sea_n where_o the_o master_n may_v cast_v over_o board_n what_o private_a man_n good_n he_o will_v to_o lighten_v the_o ship_n and_o to_o preserve_v the_o whole_a so_o where_o a_o enemy_n with_o a_o hostile_a intent_n be_v come_v against_o a_o great_a city_n the_o city_n may_v demolish_v or_o set_v on_o fire_n the_o suburb_n rather_o than_o permit_v the_o enemy_n to_o harbour_v there_o thereby_o to_o annoy_v and_o endanger_v the_o whole_a city_n the_o like_a must_v the_o establishment_n of_o law_n be_v that_o be_v direct_v to_o a_o public_a end_n they_o must_v aim_v to_o procure_v the_o common_a welfare_n without_o any_o respect_n to_o private_a right_n or_o imaginary_a reason_n but_o in_o such_o law_n as_o be_v purposely_o make_v to_o defend_v every_o man_n private_a interest_n and_o to_o pacify_v contention_n and_o quarrel_n arise_v thereupon_o and_o where_o the_o public_a be_v not_o concern_v it_o not_o only_o may_v but_o aught_o to_o be_v otherwise_o they_o must_v hold_v forth_o nature_n equity_n reason_n and_o a_o sound_a judgement_n so_o as_o to_o command_v every_o judicious_a man_n assent_n and_o approbation_n and_o even_o they_o that_o be_v cast_v may_v not_o complain_v murmur_n or_o dispute_v the_o same_o and_o in_o the_o same_o manner_n have_v wesenbeck_n in_o his_o paratitle_v upon_o the_o digest_v 14._o digest_v tit._n the_o just_a &_o jur._n nu_fw-la 14._o difference_v these_o two_o sort_n of_o law_n jus_fw-la privatum_fw-la say_v he_o quiae_fw-la in_o reddendo_fw-la cuique_fw-la quod_fw-la suum_fw-la est_fw-la versatur_fw-la eo_fw-la ad_fw-la normam_fw-la aequalitatis_fw-la &_o justitiae_fw-la congruat_fw-la oportet_fw-la sed_fw-la jus_o publicum_fw-la non_fw-la totum_fw-la ad_fw-la normam_fw-la aequitatis_fw-la vel_fw-la aequalitatis_fw-la ut_fw-la jura_fw-la privatorum_fw-la sed_fw-la ad_fw-la id_fw-la quod_fw-la reip_v est_fw-la opportunum_fw-la praecipue_fw-la aptatur_fw-la the_o law_n that_o be_v make_v for_o the_o use_n of_o each_o subject_n against_o another_o because_o the_o office_n of_o it_o be_v to_o give_v to_o every_o one_o his_o own_o it_o must_v measure_v it_o out_o by_o the_o precise_a rule_n of_o equality_n and_o justice_n but_o the_o law_n that_o be_v make_v to_o order_v the_o general_a welfare_n of_o the_o whole_a state_n be_v not_o tie_v to_o any_o such_o rule_n of_o equity_n but_o be_v such_o as_o the_o advantage_n and_o exigency_n of_o state_n require_v in_o all_o private_a affair_n therefore_o that_o happen_v between_o party_n and_o party_n wherein_o there_o be_v no_o mixture_n of_o state-interest_n at_o all_o and_o which_o come_v to_o be_v determine_v by_o a_o law_n we_o require_v that_o the_o rule_n by_o which_o such_o controversy_n be_v appoint_v to_o be_v decide_v have_v not_o in_o circumstance_n for_o they_o may_v be_v arbitrary_a and_o according_a to_o mere_a will_n but_o in_o substance_n so_o sure_a a_o ground_n in_o reason_n and_o common_a equity_n for_o the_o most_o part_n as_o either_o to_o be_v consonant_n to_o the_o dictate_v of_o nature_n or_o obvious_a to_o vulgar_a understanding_n or_o at_o least_o discernible_a by_o the_o wise_a and_o most_o judicious_a of_o man_n acquaint_v with_o the_o principle_n of_o law_n and_o the_o rule_n of_o right_n and_o justice_n neither_o be_v it_o the_o bare_a reason_n of_o the_o wise_a if_o it_o be_v such_o as_o be_v float_v in_o the_o brain_n only_o that_o will_v here_o suffice_v but_o it_o must_v be_v commit_v to_o writing_n and_o have_v such_o a_o authority_n to_o own_o it_o as_o be_v authentical_a and_o currant_n among_o the_o great_a and_o best_a discipline_v nation_n also_o which_o kind_n of_o reason_n thus_o authorize_v especial_o in_o any_o ample_a measure_n be_v to_o be_v look_v for_o and_o find_v only_o in_o the_o civil_a law_n 1._o law_n ratio_fw-la naturalis_fw-la secundum_fw-la hominum_fw-la capio_fw-la quandoque_fw-la variat_fw-la &_o multi_fw-la non_fw-la tam_fw-la ratione_fw-la ill_a quà m_fw-la phantasia_fw-la aguntur_fw-la leges_fw-la autem_fw-la latae_fw-la à _fw-la sapientissimis_fw-la viris_fw-la &_o judicie_fw-la omnis_fw-la scculi_fw-la approbatae_fw-la certè_fw-la cam_fw-la rationem_fw-la tenens_fw-la alb._n gentil_n de_fw-fr ju_fw-fr bell_n lib._n 1._o c._n 1._o chap._n v._n that_o the_o custom_n of_o a_o nation_n ought_v in_o like_a manner_n to_o agree_v with_o reason_n and_o here_o i_o be_o not_o unmindful_a that_o beside_o write_v law_n and_o constitution_n there_o be_v belong_v to_o every_o nation_n custom_n and_o usage_n unwritten_a which_o have_v as_o great_a a_o overrule_a power_n upon_o the_o person_n and_o right_n of_o the_o people_n after_o they_o have_v be_v general_o allow_v and_o that_o their_o observation_n have_v be_v constant_a and_o uninterrupted_n for_o a_o long_a time_n together_o and_o therefore_o say_v modestinus_n b_o modestinus_n l._n 40_o dig._n de_fw-fr leg._n b_o omne_fw-la jus_o aut_fw-la consensus_fw-la fecit_fw-la aut_fw-la necessitas_fw-la constituit_fw-la aut_fw-la firmavit_fw-la consuetudo_fw-la all_o law_n proceed_v either_o from_o consent_n necessity_n or_o custom_n neither_o be_v it_o rare_a but_o common_a to_o find_v in_o every_o nation_n such_o usage_n as_o do_v intermix_v themselves_o with_o the_o act_n of_o justice_n and_o the_o right_n of_o the_o people_n and_o yet_o they_o have_v by_o long_a continuance_n so_o wear_v out_o their_o original_a that_o no_o rational_a account_n can_v be_v give_v of_o they_o nor_o no_o ground_n in_o reason_n render_v by_o those_o that_o use_v they_o and_o yet_o they_o will_v not_o stick_v to_o sacrifice_v their_o most_o precious_a enjoyment_n to_o preserve_v they_o nor_o will_v admit_v of_o a_o change_n of_o they_o upon_o any_o pretence_n of_o great_a advantage_n whatsoever_o the_o reason_n hereof_o lie_v in_o the_o affection_n which_o the_o people_n be_v apt_a to_o bear_v towards_o that_o of_o which_o themselves_o be_v the_o author_n custom_n be_v first_o bring_v in_o and_o consent_v to_o by_o they_o but_o law_n be_v impose_v on_o they_o by_o their_o prince_n whether_o they_o will_v or_o no._n consuetudines_fw-la say_v 1._o say_v rer._n judic_n l._n 3._o s._n 1._o anaeus_fw-la robertus_fw-la subditis_fw-la neque_fw-la grave_n sunt_fw-la neque_fw-la odiosae_fw-la sed_fw-la leges_fw-la istae_fw-la municipibus_fw-la videri_fw-la solent_fw-la supra_fw-la caetoras_fw-la omnes_fw-la acceptissimae_fw-la cùm_fw-la toler_n abilius_fw-la sit_fw-la consuetudinis_fw-la vinculo_fw-la quà m_fw-la legum_fw-la necessitate_v astringi_fw-la quà m_fw-la dulce_fw-la quà m_fw-la gratum_fw-la est_fw-la volun_fw-la ariae_fw-la subjicii_fw-la necessitati_fw-la &_o illo_fw-la juris_fw-la vinculo_fw-la astringi_fw-la cujus_fw-la cùm_fw-la authores_fw-la simus_fw-la puderet_fw-la iniquitatem_fw-la aut_fw-la severitatem_fw-la accusare_fw-la at_o regius_fw-la edicta_fw-la non_fw-la ratio_fw-la sed_fw-la sola_fw-la dominantis_fw-la voluntas_fw-la ju_v sit_v a_o injusta_fw-la sancit_fw-la &_o moderatur_fw-la custom_n be_v neither_o burdensome_a nor_o unpleasing_a to_o the_o people_n but_o above_o all_o other_o kind_n of_o law_n seem_v most_o acceptable_a since_o it_o be_v more_o tolerable_a to_o be_v tie_v to_o custom_n than_o to_o a_o impose_v law_n how_o sweet_a and_o please_a be_v it_o to_o be_v subject_a to_o a_o necessity_n of_o one_o own_o make_n and_o to_o be_v bind_v by_o such_o a_o law_n which_o when_o we_o have_v make_v ourselves_o we_o can_v for_o shame_n complain_v that_o it_o be_v either_o unjust_a or_o rigorous_a but_o the_o edict_n of_o prince_n flow_v not_o from_o reason_n but_o from_o mere_a will_n without_o respect_n either_o to_o right_n or_o wrong_n beside_o though_o the_o reason_n of_o some_o custom_n be_v not_o now_o discern_v yet_o it_o can_v be_v suppose_v but_o when_o they_o be_v first_o admit_v by_o the_o people_n they_o tend_v to_o their_o common_a good_a for_o quoties_fw-la de_fw-la jure_fw-la populi_fw-la agitur_fw-la apud_fw-la populum_fw-la cvi_fw-la mutare_fw-la cvi_fw-la abrogare_fw-la cvi_fw-la far_o quas_fw-la velit_fw-la leges_fw-la accipere_fw-la quas_fw-la velit_fw-la rogationes_fw-la liceat_fw-la nunquam_fw-la se_fw-la ipse_fw-la diminuet_fw-la they_o will_v never_o prejudice_v their_o own_o right_n by_o any_o custom_n or_o law_n which_o
ever_o certain_a and_o therefore_o the_o civil_a law_n say_v that_o prator_n quoque_fw-la jus_o reddere_fw-la dicitur_fw-la etiam_fw-la cùm_fw-la iniquè_fw-fr decernit_fw-la jur_n decernit_fw-la l._n 11._o dig_v de_fw-fr just_a &_o jur_n and_o res_fw-la judicata_fw-la pro_fw-la veritate_fw-la accipitur_fw-la jur_fw-fr accipitur_fw-la l._n 207._o dig_v de_fw-fr rap_o jur_fw-fr a_o judge_n be_v say_v to_o minister_v right_a even_o when_o he_o decree_v unjust_a thing_n and_o a_o sentence_n be_v take_v and_o stand_v for_o truth_n yet_o there_o be_v nothing_o either_o of_o equity_n or_o reason_n to_o make_v they_o so_o authoritative_a and_o powerful_a as_o that_o they_o shall_v be_v draw_v into_o example_n for_o the_o future_a and_o be_v make_v pattern_n to_o determine_v other_o though_o never_o so_o like_a case_n by_o since_o the_o way_n and_o mean_n of_o obtain_v they_o may_v not_o be_v fair_a and_o their_o integrity_n and_o foundnesse_n be_v questionable_a four_o whereas_o similitude_n and_o likeness_n of_o case_n be_v the_o only_a reason_n to_o persuade_v the_o walk_n by_o the_o light_n of_o such_o judgement_n as_o have_v be_v before_o pronounce_v upon_o fact_n that_o be_v suppose_v to_o have_v have_v the_o same_o circumstance_n quintilian_n 2._o quintilian_n institut_fw-la l._n 5._o c._n 2._o say_v very_o true_o vix_fw-la ulla_fw-la est_fw-la causa_fw-la per_fw-la omne_fw-la alteri_fw-la similis_fw-la there_o be_v scarce_o any_o cause_n that_o suit_v or_o agree_v with_o another_o in_o all_o circumstance_n and_o again_o iupraejat_n again_o lib._n 7._o iupraejat_n he_o say_v tot_o seculis_fw-la nulla_fw-la repertae_fw-la est_fw-la causa_fw-la quae_fw-la est_fw-la tota_fw-la alteri_fw-la similis_fw-la in_o so_o many_o age_n and_o in_o such_o a_o multitude_n of_o case_n that_o have_v occur_v there_o have_v not_o be_v find_v one_o whole_o like_o another_o for_o indeed_o the_o dissimilitude_n and_o difformity_n that_o be_v among_o ourselves_o and_o the_o whole_a offspring_n of_o man_n not_o in_o outward_a form_n visage_n lineament_n or_o stature_n only_o but_o even_o in_o our_o nature_n temper_n inclination_n and_o humour_n also_o make_v all_o the_o matter_n we_o deal_v in_o and_o the_o action_n that_o flow_v from_o we_o disagree_v too_o also_o in_o the_o other_o production_n of_o nature_n and_o the_o accident_n that_o be_v common_o ascribe_v to_o chance_n and_o fortune_n there_o be_v such_o a_o strange_a and_o wonderful_a variety_n that_o nothing_o be_v act_v produce_v or_o happen_v like_o another_o but_o that_o there_o be_v some_o circumstance_n or_o other_o that_o do_v diversify_v it_o and_o make_v it_o differ_v when_o therefore_o case_n be_v eitherwhol_o diverse_a &_o differ_v though_o in_o never_o so_o small_a a_o circumstance_n their_o determination_n can_v be_v the_o same_o 6._o same_o reâ—per_fw-la se_fw-la ipse_fw-la valde_fw-la pernicioà _fw-la est_fw-la exemplis_fw-la non_fw-la legibus_fw-la judicare_fw-la cum_fw-la ex_fw-la levissima_fw-la personarum_fw-la vel_fw-la locorum_fw-la vel_fw-la temporum_fw-la varietaâ—e_fw-la judicia_fw-la mutentuâ—_n bodin_n de_fw-fr rep_n l._n 6._o c_o 6._o for_o diversity_n of_o fact_n must_v needs_o beget_v a_o diversity_n of_o law_n too_o and_o a_o very_a small_a circumstance_n will_v change_v and_o alter_v the_o state_n of_o any_o business_n and_o require_v clean_o another_o judgement_n than_o can_v be_v have_v from_o case_n that_o do_v not_o exact_o parallel_v they_o in_o all_o thing_n and_o this_o have_v make_v all_o lawyer_n to_o agree_v that_o argumentum_fw-la ductum_fw-la a_o simili_fw-la est_fw-la multùm_fw-la fragite_n &_o infirmum_fw-la nec_fw-la procedit_fw-la quando_fw-la datur_fw-la dissimilitudo_fw-la etiam_fw-la parva_fw-la 12._o parva_fw-la fverard_n topi._n loc_fw-la à _fw-la simili_fw-la nu_fw-la 12._o a_o argument_n draw_v from_o a_o like_a case_n be_v very_o weak_a and_o impotent_a and_o fall_v to_o the_o ground_n when_o the_o least_o dissimilitude_n be_v find_v five_o since_o before_o former_a precedent_n can_v be_v make_v fit_v rule_n to_o decide_v &_o judge_v other_o case_n by_o it_o be_v absolute_o necessary_a that_o the_o case_n shall_v agree_v punctual_o in_o all_o such_o circumstance_n as_o be_v the_o prime_n efficient_a cause_n of_o such_o final_a and_o definitive_a judgement_n how_o shall_v this_o concordance_n be_v make_v evident_a and_o certain_a for_o it_o must_v either_o depend_v upon_o the_o memory_n and_o truth_n of_o a_o reporter_n and_o the_o judge_n together_o or_o else_o upon_o the_o safe_a keep_n of_o all_o that_o be_v allege_v and_o prove_v in_o the_o case_n in_o some_o rgistry_n or_o office_n and_o the_o exact_a search_n and_o perusal_n of_o all_o upon_o occasion_n neither_o of_o which_o be_v authentical_a and_o sure_a enough_o whereby_o to_o judge_v and_o condemn_v another_o man_n for_o either_o the_o report_n may_v be_v very_o easy_o mistake_v or_o some_o lead_a circumstance_n may_v slip_v out_o of_o the_o judge_n remembrance_n or_o some_o of_o the_o record_n be_v lose_v or_o mislay_v so_o that_o a_o part_n of_o the_o case_n whereupon_o the_o judgement_n pass_v may_v be_v want_v and_o not_o right_o know_v upon_o these_o and_o such_o like_a consideration_n be_v it_o that_o the_o civil_a law_n do_v so_o frequent_o express_v itself_o in_o disallowance_n of_o judge_v by_o precedent_n or_o example_n and_o direct_v judge_n to_o reflect_v only_o upon_o that_o which_o truth_n and_o the_o law_n will_v bear_v and_o not_o upon_o any_o thing_n that_o have_v be_v do_v by_o other_o licet_fw-la be_v qui_fw-la provinciae_fw-la praeest_fw-la omnium_fw-la romae_fw-la magistratuum_fw-la vice_n &_o officio_fw-la fungi_fw-la debeat_fw-la non_fw-la tamen_fw-la spectandum_fw-la est_fw-la quid_fw-la romae_fw-la factum_fw-la est_fw-la quam_fw-la quid_fw-la fieri_fw-la debeat_fw-la say_v proculus_n praesid_n proculus_n l._n 11._o dig._n the_o offiâ—â—_n praesid_n though_o the_o provincial_a and_o inferior_a magistrate_n do_v exercise_v the_o same_o power_n and_o office_n that_o the_o magistrate_n do_v in_o rome_n yet_o he_o must_v not_o look_v so_o much_o at_o what_o they_o do_v in_o rome_n though_o the_o chief_a and_o head_n city_n as_o what_o indeed_o and_o in_o right_n they_o ought_v to_o do_v justinian_n also_o do_v by_o a_o express_a constitution_n make_v in_o his_o time_n command_v all_o the_o judge_n to_o pursue_v strict_o truth_n justice_n and_o the_o law_n and_o not_o in_o judge_v to_o take_v their_o example_n from_o the_o most_o solemn_a sentence_n of_o the_o high_a and_o most_o eminent_a judge_n in_o the_o whole_a empire_n no_o nor_o to_o follow_v such_o resolution_n as_o himself_o shall_v make_v to_o emergent_a doubt_n propound_v unto_o he_o if_o he_o have_v otherwise_o decide_v they_o then_o they_o ought_v to_o be_v non_fw-la enim_fw-la say_v he_o si_fw-la quid_fw-la non_fw-la bene_fw-la dirimatur_fw-la hoc_fw-la &_o in_fw-la aliorum_fw-la judicum_fw-la vitium_fw-la extendi_fw-la oportet_fw-la cùm_fw-la non_fw-la exemplis_fw-la sed_fw-la legibus_fw-la judicandum_fw-la sit_fw-la jud_v sit_fw-la l._n 13._o go._n the_o scent_n &_o inter_v l._n omn._n jud_v for_o if_o a_o case_n have_v be_v once_o determine_v amiss_o this_o shall_v not_o spread_v to_o the_o corrupt_a of_o other_o judge_n since_o we_o ought_v to_o judge_n by_o the_o law_n and_o not_o by_o example_n and_o therefore_o gordian_n the_o emperor_n make_v it_o a_o strange_a and_o a_o unwonted_a thing_n in_o rome_n that_o judgement_n have_v between_o other_o party_n shall_v either_o profit_n or_o prejudice_v those_o who_o be_v neither_o present_a then_o in_o court_n nor_o ever_o call_v res_fw-la inter_fw-la alios_fw-la judicatae_fw-la say_v he_o neque_fw-la emolumentum_fw-la affâ—rre_fw-la his_fw-la qui_fw-la judicio_fw-la non_fw-la interfuerunt_fw-la neque_fw-la praejudicium_fw-la soâ—ent_fw-la irrogare_fw-la not_z irrogare_fw-la l._n 2._o co._n quibue_n res_fw-la judic_fw-la non_fw-fr not_z which_o hold_v not_o only_o in_o civil_a matter_n but_o as_o to_o prejudice_n reach_v to_o criminal_a also_o juris_fw-la manifestissimi_fw-la say_v dioclesian_n and_o maximinian_n emperor_n eod._n emperor_n l._n 3._o co._n eod._n in_o accusationibus_fw-la his_fw-la qui_fw-la congressi_fw-la in_o judicio_fw-la non_fw-la sunt_fw-la officere_fw-la non_fw-la posse_fw-la siquid_fw-la forte_fw-fr prejudicii_fw-la videatur_fw-la oblatum_n there_o be_v nothing_o more_o manifest_a in_o law_n then_o that_o in_o criminal_a prosecution_n a_o condemnation_n have_v can_v do_v no_o manner_n of_o hurt_n or_o hindrance_n to_o he_o that_o be_v not_o accuse_v i_o therefore_o say_v as_o to_o prejudice_v because_o when_o life_n or_o honour_n be_v in_o jeopardy_n by_o a_o criminous_a impeachment_n the_o law_n be_v so_o careful_a to_o preserve_v the_o same_o that_o the_o acquittal_n of_o one_o offender_n be_v a_o acquittal_n of_o the_o other_o also_o the_o law_n be_v more_o prone_a to_o absolve_v then_o to_o condemn_v and_o so_o ulpian_n answer_v in_o the_o case_n of_o adultery_n adulter_fw-la adultery_n l._n 17._o parag._n 6._o dig_v ad_fw-la l._n jul._n de_fw-fr adulter_fw-la expectabit_fw-la mulier_fw-la say_v he_o sententiam_fw-la de_fw-la adultero_fw-la latam_fw-la si_fw-la absolutus_fw-la fuerit_fw-la mulier_fw-la per_fw-la eum_fw-la vincet_fw-la not_o
regiae_n ex-leverunt_a iterumque_fw-la caepit_fw-la populus_fw-la romanus_n incerto_fw-la magis_fw-la jure_fw-la &_o consuetudine_fw-la aliqua_fw-la uti_fw-la quà m_fw-la perlata_fw-la lege_fw-la ià que_fw-la prope_fw-la vig_z nti_fw-la annis_fw-la p_o ssus_fw-fr est_fw-fr king_n be_v drive_v out_o of_o the_o empire_n their_o law_n present_o cease_v and_o the_o people_n of_o rome_n do_v again_o begin_v to_o be_v govern_v partly_o by_o arbitrary_a discretion_n and_o partly_o by_o custom_n rather_o than_o by_o any_o write_a law_n and_o so_o continue_v for_o twenty_o year_n together_o and_o so_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o new_a law_n be_v always_o prepare_v to_o suit_n with_o a_o new_a government_n yet_o upon_o no_o change_n whatsoever_o be_v mere_a rational_a law_n repeal_v or_o grow_v out_o of_o use_n the_o reason_n hereof_o be_v because_o man_n can_v never_o lose_v their_o nature_n forgo_v their_o understanding_n or_o quit_v their_o reason_n neither_o can_v a_o supposition_n be_v admit_v that_o such_o law_n as_o these_o can_v be_v unsuitable_a to_o any_o government_n for_o what_o kind_n of_o government_n have_v be_v hitherto_o devise_v by_o man_n or_o establish_v in_o any_o nation_n with_o the_o which_o natural_a equity_n or_o the_o dictate_v of_o right_a reason_n have_v not_o suit_v nay_o it_o shall_v be_v rather_o conclude_v there_o may_v be_v a_o tyranny_n but_o there_o can_v be_v no_o government_n without_o they_o hereupon_o it_o have_v be_v that_o no_o change_n that_o ever_o happen_v in_o the_o roman_a state_n no_o nor_o the_o overthrow_n of_o the_o state_n itself_o can_v take_v away_o the_o force_n or_o use_v of_o the_o roman_a civil_a law_n but_o that_o other_o nation_n have_v assume_v it_o into_o their_o territory_n and_o have_v make_v it_o serviceable_a to_o their_o occasion_n and_o way_n of_o govern_v how_o various_a and_o differ_v soever_o those_o occasion_n and_o kind_n of_o government_n have_v be_v furthermore_o though_o law_n with_o all_o other_o worldly_a thing_n beside_o have_v their_o time_n to_o wax_v old_a and_o as_o it_o be_v decrepit_a in_o according_a to_o that_o of_o claudian_n firmatur_fw-la senium_fw-la juris_fw-la priscamque_fw-la resumunt_fw-la caniciem_fw-la leges_fw-la emendanturque_fw-la vetustae_fw-la acceduntque_fw-la novae_fw-la yet_o those_o law_n that_o be_v inspire_v by_o nature_n reason_n and_o pure_a equity_n can_v never_o in_o any_o time_n in_o all_o place_n at_o once_o lose_v their_o esteem_n or_o use_v these_o be_v the_o law_n that_o carry_v a_o clause_n of_o perpetuity_n with_o they_o they_o be_v first_o bear_v with_o man_n and_o can_v never_o die_v before_o he_o it_o may_v well_o be_v reckon_v among_o the_o wonder_n of_o the_o world_n that_o the_o civil_a law_n make_v so_o many_o hundred_o year_n ago_o and_o which_o have_v see_v the_o spoil_n and_o overthrow_v of_o rome_n itself_o and_o many_o other_o state_n and_o empire_n beside_o shall_v still_o flourish_v in_o the_o european_a nation_n as_o if_o it_o be_v but_o new_o spring_v up_o but_o that_o sure_o the_o eminent_a wisdom_n and_o know_a reason_n that_o be_v in_o it_o have_v give_v that_o law_n a_o life_n as_o last_v as_o the_o world_n itself_o it_o have_v be_v observe_v of_o all_o art_n and_o science_n that_o there_o be_v a_o kind_n of_o circular_a progress_n in_o they_o they_o have_v their_o birth_n their_o growth_n their_o flourish_a their_o fail_n their_o fade_a and_o within_o a_o while_n after_o their_o resurrection_n and_o reflourish_v again_o and_o aristotle_n mottor_n aristotle_n 1._o decaele_n â—_o mottor_n himself_o who_o hold_v the_o art_n eternal_a as_o he_o do_v the_o world_n yet_o tell_v we_o there_o be_v always_o a_o rise_n and_o a_o fall_n of_o they_o as_o of_o the_o star_n so_o as_o sometime_o they_o flourish_v in_o one_o place_n and_o age_n and_o sometime_o in_o another_o as_o the_o star_n sometime_o shine_v in_o our_o hemisphere_n sometime_o in_o the_o other_o and_o so_o it_o may_v fare_v with_o that_o noble_a and_o useful_a science_n of_o the_o civil_a law_n in_o like_a manner_n it_o may_v be_v obscure_v and_o under_o a_o dark_a thick_a cloud_n for_o a_o while_n in_o one_o place_n or_o other_o but_o it_o can_v never_o be_v irrecoverable_o lose_v every_o where_o but_o it_o will_v still_o find_v some_o place_n to_o prosper_v in_o till_o at_o last_o it_o be_v even_o court_v to_o return_v thither_o from_o whence_o it_o be_v before_o expel_v last_o to_o shaw_n the_o benefit_n of_o clear_a and_o rational_a justice_n yet_o further_o as_o it_o be_v of_o high_a advantage_n and_o benefit_n to_o a_o nation_n to_o purchase_v the_o acquaintance_n and_o correspondence_n of_o other_o nation_n abroad_o as_o well_o for_o traffic_v sake_n by_o exchange_v their_o commodity_n together_o as_o also_o to_o be_v confoederated_a by_o a_o league_n with_o they_o to_o be_v make_v the_o strong_a and_o likewise_o for_o do_v all_o good_a reciprocal_a office_n each_o to_o other_o so_o nothing_o can_v more_o strong_o invite_v foreigner_n frequent_o to_o resort_v unto_o to_o trade_n deal_n and_o communicate_v with_o a_o nation_n than_o a_o assurance_n that_o in_o all_o their_o deal_n if_o difference_n happen_v to_o arise_v they_o shall_v receive_v plain_a and_o clear_a justice_n fetch_v as_o it_o be_v from_o the_o very_a bowel_n of_o heaven_n and_o earth_n and_o ground_v upon_o the_o very_a fame_n reason_n they_o bring_v into_o the_o nation_n with_o they_o but_o if_o in_o stead_n of_o this_o fair_a and_o civil_a entertainment_n they_o shall_v be_v lead_v into_o labyrinth_n of_o something_o call_v law_n where_o they_o can_v discover_v no_o light_n of_o that_o reason_n whereof_o they_o partake_v as_o man_n nor_o yet_o any_o of_o those_o principle_n which_o in_o the_o act_n of_o justice_n be_v currant_n among_o all_o other_o civil_a nation_n they_o will_v conclude_v it_o be_v not_o safe_a nor_o honourable_a to_o converse_v any_o long_o with_o such_o a_o nation_n but_o will_v forsake_v and_o abandon_v it_o as_o barbarous_a chap._n viii_o that_o christian_a nation_n have_v entertain_v the_o civil_a law_n into_o their_o territory_n have_v thereby_o acquire_v to_o themselves_o the_o most_o rational_a law_n that_o have_v be_v ordain_v as_o by_o the_o constitution_n thereof_o will_v appear_v thus_o have_v i_o lay_v down_o the_o most_o excellent_a fruit_n that_o a_o nation_n reap_v by_o frame_v for_o itself_o such_o law_n as_o be_v agreeable_a to_o the_o old_a and_o ancient_a ground_n of_o reason_n in_o nature_n the_o grandmother_n of_o all_o law_n just_o so_o style_v of_o the_o which_o the_o nation_n of_o christendom_n for_o these_o many_o hundred_o of_o year_n have_v therefore_o very_o plentiful_o partake_v because_o they_o have_v admit_v into_o their_o school_n and_o academy_n the_o study_n and_o into_o their_o tribunal_n the_o use_n and_o practice_n of_o the_o roman_a civil_a law_n for_o although_o all_o public_a business_n and_o the_o general_a affair_n of_o state_n wherein_o the_o interest_n of_o the_o common_a welfare_n lie_v be_v carry_v on_o by_o law_n of_o each_o country_n own_o make_n fit_v to_o time_n place_n person_n occasion_n and_o accident_n that_o do_v happen_v which_o the_o civil_a law_n can_v be_v make_v to_o serve_v nor_o suit_n withal_o so_o vatious_a each_o nation_n exigency_n and_o occasion_n be_v yet_o they_o borrow_v their_o great_a if_o not_o all_o their_o light_n and_o direction_n from_o the_o civil_a law_n in_o settle_v the_o contentious_a bufinesse_n caecin_n bufinesse_n omnia_fw-la judicia_fw-la aut_fw-la distrabendarum_fw-la controversiarum_fw-la aut_fw-la puniendorum_fw-la malesiciorum_fw-la causa_fw-la reperta_fw-la sunt_fw-la cie_n pro_fw-la caecin_n of_o the_o subject_a and_o the_o matter_n that_o arise_v in_o difference_n betwixt_o party_n and_o party_n their_o perfect_a municipal_a law_n have_v contribute_v so_o little_a towards_o their_o determination_n that_o in_o comparison_n of_o what_o they_o have_v make_v no_o provision_n at_o all_o in_o that_o which_o they_o have_v seem_v to_o provide_v for_o be_v to_o be_v account_v nothing_o most_o state_n employ_v their_o consideration_n most_o upon_o the_o public_a welfare_n and_o upon_o such_o interest_n as_o have_v a_o universal_a effect_n upon_o the_o whole_a body_n as_o easy_a to_o be_v see_v and_o require_v but_o one_o and_o the_o same_o remedy_n for_o all_o but_o in_o a_o numerous_a multitude_n and_o where_o their_o transaction_n and_o deal_n with_o one_o another_o be_v so_o various_a and_o indeed_o by_o different_a circumstance_n become_v infinite_a to_o suit_v each_o person_n case_n and_o business_n with_o a_o proper_a and_o fit_a rule_n to_o decide_v it_o be_v a_o work_n so_o void_a of_o end_n or_o bottom_n and_o past_a finish_n that_o no_o state_n will_v set_v upon_o the_o enterprise_n to_o begin_v it_o especial_o when_o the_o art_n and_o science_n of_o the_o civil_a law_n have_v do_v it_o to_o their_o hand_n so_o excellent_o well_o and_o with_o so_o much_o wisdom_n
be_v almost_o the_o same_o with_o the_o divine_a law_n philip_n melancthon_n another_o divine_a and_o a_o protestant_n say_v that_o and_o more_o ad_fw-la normam_fw-la effictam_fw-la in_o mentibus_fw-la humanis_fw-la &_o decalogi_fw-la voce_fw-la declaratam_fw-la atque_fw-la illustratam_fw-la congruunt_fw-la humanae_fw-la leges_fw-la quae_fw-la citra_fw-la controversiam_fw-la post_fw-la mosaicas_fw-la caeteris_fw-la ut_fw-la antiquitate_fw-la sic_fw-la dignitate_fw-la ut_fw-la auctoritate_fw-la sic_fw-la veritatis_fw-la certitudine_fw-la ut_fw-la rationum_fw-la &_o demonstrationum_fw-la evidentia_fw-la sic_fw-la ordinis_fw-la praestantia_fw-la antecellunt_fw-la the_o roman_a law_n say_v he_o be_v make_v after_o the_o likeness_n of_o the_o decalogue_n and_o do_v not_o differ_v from_o those_o notion_n and_o principle_n of_o reason_n which_o nature_n have_v implant_v in_o all_o man_n and_o it_o be_v out_o of_o all_o question_n that_o set_v aside_o god_n law_n they_o be_v as_o more_o ancient_a so_o more_o renown_v as_o of_o high_a authority_n so_o true_a and_o clear_a in_o determination_n as_o of_o a_o more_o evident_a demonstration_n and_o reason_n so_o of_o a_o more_o excellent_a rank_n then_o other_o law_n that_o yet_o have_v be_v which_o conformity_n and_o likeness_n of_o the_o civil_a law_n to_o the_o divine_a and_o eternal_a have_v be_v the_o only_a cause_n that_o the_o casuist_n and_o divine_n that_o have_v treat_v upon_o case_n of_o conscience_n and_o have_v labour_v to_o teach_v man_n what_o rule_n they_o must_v walk_v by_o to_o do_v justice_n and_o to_o execute_v righteousness_n in_o their_o deal_n and_o communication_n with_o one_o another_o they_o do_v every_o where_n about_o their_o book_n and_o writing_n propose_v &_o set_v down_o the_o very_a rule_n and_o maxim_n of_o the_o civil_a law_n as_o the_o best_a lesson_n of_o morality_n &_o justice_n cite_v the_o very_a law_n themselves_o and_o the_o authority_n of_o that_o profession_n which_o be_v incongruous_a and_o vain_a for_o they_o to_o do_v be_v not_o their_o justice_n equity_n and_o soundness_n unquestionable_a and_o their_o authority_n beyond_o all_o dispute_n even_o in_o those_o thing_n for_o which_o their_o authority_n be_v bring_v by_o they_o neither_o be_v it_o they_o alone_o that_o set_v this_o high_a estimate_n upon_o the_o authority_n of_o the_o civil_a law_n since_o the_o learned_a in_o other_o faculty_n do_v the_o same_o with_o who_o there_o be_v nothing_o more_o frequent_a then_o when_o the_o duty_n of_o man_n one_o towards_o another_o in_o their_o several_a relation_n come_v to_o be_v set_v forth_o as_o between_o parent_n and_o child_n master_n and_o servant_n husband_n and_o wife_n sovereign_a and_o subject_a magistrate_n and_o private_a man_n captain_n and_o soldier_n one_o citizen_n with_o another_o or_o when_o the_o best_a rule_n and_o advantage_n be_v to_o be_v lay_v down_o for_o the_o first_o sound_n of_o a_o commonwealth_n or_o the_o keep_n of_o it_o in_o safety_n and_o splendour_n or_o when_o the_o justice_n and_o convenience_n of_o a_o law_n be_v in_o question_n or_o the_o action_n of_o man_n even_o of_o prince_n themselves_o be_v to_o be_v approve_v or_o condemn_v in_o all_o these_o case_n and_o the_o like_a nothing_o i_o say_v be_v more_o usual_a with_o writer_n of_o high_a renown_n for_o learning_n and_o wisdom_n then_o to_o fort_n fie_o their_o resolution_n and_o dictate_v one_o way_n or_o other_o with_o the_o practice_n and_o discipline_n of_o the_o roman_a state_n and_o to_o make_v the_o civil_a law_n their_o touchstone_n to_o try_v all_o thing_n by_o and_o the_o best_a and_o most_o approve_a balance_n to_o weigh_v they_o in_o judge_v the_o authority_n thereof_o to_o be_v beyond_o denial_n in_o any_o thing_n that_o it_o do_v either_o defend_v or_o disallow_v and_o for_o such_o as_o it_o be_v present_v do_v it_o pass_v currant_n with_o all_o man_n the_o civil_a law_n require_v that_o a_o act_n shall_v be_v worthy_a and_o laudable_a as_o well_o as_o lawful_a that_o it_o shall_v be_v fair_a equitable_a ingenuous_a and_o candid_a as_o well_o as_o strict_o just_a subtlety_n and_o nicety_n of_o word_n and_o those_o apices_fw-la juris_fw-la finesse_n of_o law_n and_o finespun_a web_n of_o wit_n which_o be_v opposite_a to_o integrity_n and_o honest_a deal_n and_o which_o through_o a_o precise_a form_n of_o word_n and_o strict_a propriety_n of_o speech_n will_v frustrate_v what_o be_v pure_o at_o first_o intend_v it_o will_v not_o allow_v of_o or_o endure_v bonae_fw-la fidei_fw-la non_fw-la congruit_fw-la de_fw-fr apicibus_fw-la juris_fw-la disputare_fw-la say_v ulpian_n mandate_n ulpian_n l._n 29._o paragt_fw-ge 4._o dig_v mandate_n it_o suit_v not_o with_o sincerity_n to_o contend_v about_o curiosity_n sensum_fw-la non_fw-la vana_fw-la nominum_fw-la vocabula_fw-la amplecti_fw-la oportet_fw-la constipecun_fw-fr oportet_fw-la l._n 2._o co_n de_fw-fr constipecun_fw-fr the_o true_a intend_a sense_n and_o not_o the_o bare_a literal_a signification_n be_v to_o be_v pursue_v scriptum_n sequi_fw-la calumniatoris_fw-la est_fw-la boni_fw-la verò_fw-la judicis_fw-la voluntatem_fw-la scriptoris_fw-la autoritatemque_fw-la defendere_fw-la say_v gail_n caetinu_n gail_n lib_fw-la 2._o ob_n 132._o out_o of_o cicer_n pro_fw-la caetinu_n it_o be_v the_o part_n of_o a_o caviller_n to_o keep_v close_o to_o word_n but_o of_o a_o upright_a judge_n to_o uphold_v the_o intent_n and_o meaning_n of_o he_o that_o speak_v they_o qui_fw-la pertinaciter_fw-la à _fw-la scripto_fw-la recedere_fw-la non_fw-la vult_fw-la perniciosè_fw-la errat_fw-la say_v peckius_n prine_n peckius_n give_v 88_o de_fw-fr reg_fw-la ju_fw-fr in_o 6._o in_o in_o prine_n he_o shall_v offend_v pernicious_o that_o will_v grant_v but_o what_o the_o very_a word_n will_v bear_v and_o will_v be_v get_v to_o yield_v no_o further_o and_o therefore_o the_o civil_a law_n which_o we_o have_v now_o have_v it_o be_v in_o be_v in_o the_o three_o punic_a war_n when_o the_o city_n of_o carthage_n by_o a_o crafty_a exposition_n of_o word_n be_v quite_o demolish_v by_o order_n of_o the_o roman_a senate_n after_o they_o have_v first_o give_v their_o faith_n to_o the_o carthaginian_n in_o these_o expression_n civitatem_fw-la carthaginis_fw-la saluam_fw-la fore_fw-la jura_fw-la privilegia_fw-la immunitates_fw-la easdem_fw-la habituros_fw-la quibus_fw-la antea_fw-la semper_fw-la usi_fw-la fuissent_fw-la the_o city_n of_o carthage_n shall_v be_v save_v and_o the_o same_o right_n immunity_n and_o privilege_n shall_v be_v continue_v unto_o they_o which_o they_o always_o have_v will_v have_v condemn_v the_o whole_a senate_n for_o such_o their_o breach_n of_o faith_n and_o treachery_n though_o there_o be_v not_o the_o life_n of_o any_o person_n touch_v for_o who_o can_v doubt_v but_o that_o the_o carthaginian_n article_v for_o the_o safety_n of_o the_o city_n do_v aim_n and_o intend_v to_o have_v the_o place_n preserve_v as_o well_o as_o the_o person_n and_o it_o be_v a_o shameful_a defence_n to_o say_v as_o the_o roman_n do_v that_o when_o the_o people_n of_o the_o city_n be_v all_o preserve_v and_o keep_v alive_a the_o true_a city_n be_v save_v which_o be_v as_o much_o as_o they_o promise_v though_o the_o wall_n and_o building_n themselves_o be_v destroy_v civitatem_fw-la maenibus_fw-la vrbis_fw-la minimè_fw-la contineri_fw-la the_o word_n city_n do_v import_v the_o man_n and_o not_o the_o structure_n or_o edifice_n thereof_o for_o although_o in_o strict_a propriety_n of_o speech_n there_o be_v that_o nice_a difference_n inter_fw-la urbam_fw-la &_o civitatem_fw-la quòd_fw-la vrbs_fw-la aedificia_fw-la civitas_n incolae_fw-la sint_fw-la yet_o legulciorum_fw-la est_fw-la syllabas_fw-la &_o apices_fw-la aucupari_fw-la non_fw-la militaris_fw-la simplicitatis_fw-la say_v albericus_fw-la gentilis_fw-la 4._o gentilis_fw-la de_fw-fr jur_fw-fr bell_n lib_n 2._o ca._n 4._o it_o be_v for_o lawyer_n to_o catch_v at_o word_n and_o not_o for_o soldier_n who_o plain_a meaning_n admit_v not_o of_o such_o nice_a distinction_n in_o fide_fw-la quid_fw-la senseris_fw-la non_fw-la quid_fw-la dixeris_fw-la cogitandum_fw-la est_fw-la ses_fw-fr grotius_n tully_n grotius_n de_fw-fr ju_fw-fr bâ—ll_n lib_n 2._o ca_fw-mi 16._o nu_fw-la 1_o out_o of_o tully_n where_o faith_n be_v give_v what_o be_v mean_v be_v to_o be_v regard_v rather_o than_o what_o be_v speak_v the_o plataean_o be_v as_o false_a and_o unworthy_a when_o after_o they_o have_v promise_v to_o send_v home_o the_o prisoner_n take_v slay_v they_o first_o and_o so_o send_v they_o home_o dead_a quasi_fw-la cadavera_fw-la essent_fw-la captivi_fw-la &_o mortuus_fw-la homo_fw-la esset_fw-la homo_fw-la ses_fw-fr albericus_fw-la gentilis_fw-la 4._o gentilis_fw-la d._n ca_fw-mi 4._o as_o if_o it_o be_v to_o be_v believe_v that_o the_o carcase_n be_v the_o prisoner_n themselves_o or_o a_o man_n dead_a can_v be_v think_v a_o man_n and_o as_o deceitful_a be_v the_o baeotian_o too_o who_o have_v engage_v to_o restore_v the_o city_n do_v deliver_v it_o up_o not_o stand_v but_o raze_v and_o pull_v down_o so_o be_v it_o a_o act_n most_o treacherous_a and_o false_a in_o alexander_n who_o first_o give_v a_o besiege_a town_n a_o assurance_n that_o they_o
a_o one_o as_o the_o law_n may_v possible_o presume_v he_o do_v it_o rather_o to_o testify_v his_o natural_a affection_n towards_o he_o then_o to_o demand_v any_o thing_n of_o he_o for_o the_o same_o i_o say_v if_o there_o be_v any_o such_o proximity_n or_o nearness_n and_o yet_o a_o eye_n to_o to_o future_a satisfaction_n he_o must_v declare_v and_o make_v protestation_n that_o it_o be_v do_v with_o that_o intent_n and_o not_o donandi_fw-la animo_fw-la not_o out_o of_o any_o mind_n to_o bestow_v it_o free_o but_o to_o be_v allow_v for_o the_o same_o else_o the_o law_n will_v strike_v it_o out_o upon_o the_o score_n of_o affection_n and_o natural_a obligation_n and_o so_o do_v alexander_n severus_n declare_v to_o mother_n herennia_n who_o when_o she_o have_v feed_v and_o maintain_v at_o her_o table_n her_o child_n and_o lay_v out_o money_n beside_o for_o their_o other_o use_n when_o they_o come_v of_o age_n she_o demand_v satisfaction_n of_o all_o from_o they_o but_o be_v deny_v it_o she_o complain_v to_o the_o emperor_n who_o make_v she_o this_o answer_n alimenta_fw-la quidem_fw-la quae_fw-la filiis_fw-la tuis_fw-la praestitisti_fw-la tibi_fw-la reddi_fw-la non_fw-la justa_fw-la ratione_fw-la postulas_fw-la cùm_fw-la id_fw-la exigente_fw-la materna_fw-la pielate_fw-la feceris_fw-la si_fw-mi quid_fw-la autem_fw-la in_o rebus_fw-la eorum_fw-la utiliter_fw-la &_o probabili_fw-la more_fw-it impendisti_fw-la si_fw-la non_fw-la &_o hoc_fw-la materna_fw-la liberalitate_fw-la sed_fw-la recipiendi_fw-la animo_fw-la secisse_fw-la te_fw-la ostenderis_fw-la negociorum_fw-la gestorum_fw-la actione_n id_fw-la consequi_fw-la potes_fw-la eod_a potes_fw-la l._n 11._o co._n eod_a thou_o have_v no_o just_a reason_n to_o demand_v payment_n for_o that_o alimony_n and_o sustenance_n which_o thou_o do_v afford_v thy_o child_n for_o very_o natural_a piety_n do_v require_v it_o of_o thou_o but_o if_o thou_o have_v useful_o and_o in_o a_o probable_a hope_n to_o advantage_v they_o expend_v also_o money_n about_o their_o business_n if_o thou_o can_v make_v it_o good_a that_o thou_o do_v it_o not_o out_o of_o a_o free_a mind_n nor_o mere_o as_o a_o mother_n but_o with_o a_o expectation_n to_o be_v reimburse_v thereof_o by_o thy_o child_n the_o law_n will_v enforce_v they_o to_o pay_v it_o thou_o back_o again_o last_o he_o that_o will_v voluntary_o and_o of_o himself_o be_v not_o commission_v act_n in_o another_o business_n if_o he_o intend_v to_o ground_v any_o demand_n upon_o it_o he_o must_v be_v sure_a not_o only_o to_o think_v and_o intend_v a_o benefit_n or_o advantage_n to_o he_o who_o he_o be_v about_o to_o serve_v but_o it_o must_v be_v real_o so_o for_o let_v he_o think_v it_o never_o so_o beneficial_a and_o wish_v it_o never_o so_o much_o yet_o if_o it_o be_v not_o so_o indeed_o the_o loss_n will_v be_v he_o and_o he_o can_v challenge_v no_o satisfaction_n for_o what_o he_o do_v or_o expend_v ut_fw-la enim_fw-la eventum_fw-la non_fw-la spectemus_fw-la say_v uâ—pian_n negocium_fw-la debet_fw-la utiliter_fw-la esse_fw-la coeptum_fw-la eod_a coeptum_fw-la l_o 10._o parag_n 1._o dig._n eod_a though_o we_o value_v not_o the_o success_n yet_o it_o be_v requisite_a that_o it_o shall_v be_v evident_o useful_a or_o necessary_a when_o it_o be_v first_o undertake_v last_o not_o to_o sail_v any_o long_o in_o a_o ocean_n so_o vast_a and_o infinite_a have_v give_v instance_n enough_o to_o measure_v the_o rest_n of_o the_o law_n by_o tanquam_fw-la ex_fw-la pede_fw-la herculem_fw-la though_o it_o be_v the_o proper_a work_n of_o every_o law_n that_o be_v make_v to_o declare_v to_o the_o people_n what_o thing_n they_o ought_v to_o do_v and_o from_o what_o they_o must_v abstain_v and_o wherein_o they_o may_v take_v their_o full_a freedom_n legth_n freedom_n i_o egis_fw-la viâ—us_fw-la est_fw-la in_o perare_fw-la vetaâ—t_fw-la permiâ—tere_fw-la puntre_n l._n 7._o dig._n the_o legth_n yet_o no_o law_n have_v ever_o do_v it_o so_o full_o and_o perfect_o as_o this_o have_v do_v for_o prince_n ruler_n counsellor_n of_o state_n judges_z subordinate_a magistrate_n advocate_n and_o client_n proctor_n register_n and_o notary_n master_n of_o family_n husband_n and_o wife_n child_n and_o servant_n master_n and_o scholar_n tutor_n and_o pupil_n merchant_n factour_n buyer_n and_o seller_n letter_n and_o hirer_n borrower_n and_o lender_n officer_n and_o soldier_n open_a enemy_n as_o well_o as_o ally_n and_o confederate_n ambassador_n and_o nuntio_n conqueror_n and_o conquer_a owner_n master_n and_o captain_n of_o ship_n pilot_n mariner_n and_o passenger_n alien_n and_o native_n fiduciaries_n mediator_n substitute_n and_o last_o all_o sort_n of_o people_n of_o what_o age_n degree_n or_o condition_n soever_o they_o be_v may_v read_v their_o true_a duty_n in_o this_o learning_n and_o be_v direct_v how_o to_o order_v and_o demean_v themselves_o aright_o in_o their_o several_a office_n and_o function_n so_o that_o when_o the_o learning_n of_o this_o law_n be_v thus_o universal_a run_v through_o the_o several_a negociation_n and_o matter_n of_o intercourse_n between_o man_n and_o man_n nation_n and_o nation_n and_o have_v a_o resolution_n ready_a for_o all_o such_o question_n as_o arise_v upon_o they_o and_o be_v so_o rational_a withal_o that_o its_o decision_n be_v rather_o the_o strong_a enforcement_n of_o reason_n than_o any_o command_n of_o will_n it_o ought_v to_o be_v no_o matter_n of_o wonder_n to_o we_o that_o it_o have_v find_v so_o much_o credit_n and_o authority_n with_o christian_a nation_n as_o to_o make_v it_o the_o rule_n to_o end_v their_o great_a controversy_n the_o end_n of_o the_o first_o book_n lex_fw-la legum_fw-la or_o the_o excellency_n of_o the_o roman_a civil_a law_n above_o all_o other_o humane_a law_n whatsoever_o the_o second_o part._n london_n print_v for_o r._n royston_n at_o the_o angel_n in_o ivy-lane_n 1656._o lex_fw-la legum_n or_o the_o excellency_n of_o the_o roman_a civil_a law_n above_o all_o other_o humane_a law_n whatsoever_o chap._n i._n that_o the_o greatness_n and_o splendour_n of_o the_o roman_a empire_n do_v evidence_n the_o singular_a virtue_n of_o the_o law_n itself_o to_o which_o as_o to_o its_o proper_a cause_n it_o may_v be_v ascribe_v albeit_o it_o be_v praise_v sufficient_a for_o the_o roman_a civil_a law_n that_o it_o have_v more_o of_o natural_a equity_n and_o pure_a reason_n in_o it_o then_o any_o other_o law_n of_o man_n and_o that_o more_o need_v not_o be_v say_v to_o divert_v a_o nation_n or_o people_n from_o throw_v it_o out_o of_o their_o territory_n or_o disesteem_v it_o then_o that_o they_o may_v thereby_o seem_v to_o abandon_v their_o own_o reason_n and_o stifle_v the_o very_a dictate_v of_o nature_n and_o even_o stop_v up_o that_o fountain_n from_o whence_o all_o their_o own_o particular_a law_n be_v at_o first_o derive_v for_o lex_fw-la romanorum_fw-la legum_fw-la omnium_fw-la mater_fw-la nuncupatur_fw-la antiqu._n nuncupatur_fw-la addit_fw-la ad_fw-la capitul_n lud._n imper_n ca._n a._n tn_z god_n leg_n antiqu._n the_o roman_a law_n be_v call_v the_o mother_n of_o all_o law_n that_o have_v since_o be_v make_v yet_o because_o there_o be_v many_o other_o ground_n upon_o which_o it_o may_v be_v yet_o further_o extol_v and_o set_v up_o above_o other_o law_n i_o think_v i_o can_v spend_v time_n and_o pain_n better_o than_o to_o set_v they_o down_o especial_o when_o i_o see_v every_o thing_n be_v lay_v hold_v on_o to_o cry_v that_o profession_n down_o and_o sure_o if_o the_o dispensation_n of_o right_a justice_n be_v a_o principal_a mean_n to_o make_v a_o state_n glorious_a and_o flourish_a this_o law_n must_v needs_o surpass_v in_o excellency_n all_o other_o law_n by_o how_o much_o the_o roman_a state_n which_o be_v all_o along_o carry_v on_o by_o that_o law_n do_v in_o greatness_n exceed_v and_o in_o splendour_n outshine_v all_o other_o state_n and_o empire_n that_o have_v yet_o be_v touch_v which_o the_o roman_a story_n every_o where_o give_v we_o to_o undestand_v that_o the_o roman_a state_n in_o process_n of_o time_n grow_v so_o large_a in_o dominion_n and_o power_n that_o it_o spread_v itself_o almost_o over_o the_o whole_a world_n there_o be_v few_o nation_n which_o be_v not_o bring_v under_o its_o rule_n and_o government_n and_o indeed_o be_v esteem_v the_o common_a country_n of_o all_o man_n and_o the_o centre_n of_o the_o whole_a earth_n tantae_fw-la erant_fw-la romanorum_fw-la vires_fw-la ut_fw-la asia_n africa_n &_o maxima_fw-la europae_n parte_fw-la subactis_fw-la iisdem_fw-la serme_fw-la quibus_fw-la solis_fw-la cursus_fw-la metis_fw-la imperium_fw-la suum_fw-la finirent_fw-la say_v loccenius_n 5._o loccenius_n peâ—iod_n imper_v lib._n 4._o ca._n 5._o the_o potency_n of_o the_o roman_n be_v grow_v to_o be_v such_o that_o asia_n africa_n and_o the_o great_a part_n of_o europe_n being_n conquer_a the_o sun_n and_o the_o empire_n do_v almost_o run_v the_o same_o race_n it_o maintain_v intercourse_n of_o trade_n and_o hold_v correspondence_n with_o all_o other_o nation_n of_o what_o sort_n
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design_n of_o god_n for_o the_o good_a of_o mankind_n per_fw-la populum_fw-la romanum_fw-la placuit_fw-la deo_fw-la terrarum_fw-la orbem_fw-la debellare_fw-la ut_fw-la in_o unam_fw-la societatem_fw-la reipublicae_fw-la legumque_fw-la perductum_fw-la longè_fw-la lateque_fw-la pacaret_fw-la it_o be_v therefore_o say_v he_o god_n pleasure_n that_o the_o roman_n shall_v conquer_v and_o command_v the_o whole_a earth_n that_o be_v bring_v under_o one_o communion_n of_o government_n and_o form_n of_o law_n it_o may_v the_o better_o enjoy_v peace_n both_o far_o and_o wide_o videtur_fw-la dominus_fw-la monarchiall_a romanorum_fw-la conservasse_n &_o propâ—gasse_n ut_fw-la simul_fw-la propagaretur_fw-la honesta_fw-la eorum_fw-la politia_fw-la &_o reprimeretur_fw-la incondita_fw-la barbary_n aliarum_fw-la gentium_fw-la say_v baldwine_n prolegom_n baldwine_n in_o his_o prolegom_n therefore_o be_v the_o roman_a empire_n by_o god_n permission_n so_o far_o extend_v that_o their_o good_a government_n 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fortitudinâ—s_fw-la ac_fw-la prudentiae_fw-la laudibus_fw-la imperatoriisque_fw-la artibus_fw-la cumulaeti_fw-la populos_fw-la omnes_fw-la in_o svi_fw-la admirationem_fw-la converteruâ—s_fw-la bodinde_a rep_n lib._n 5._o ca._n 6._o and_o their_o government_n be_v general_o propose_v and_o look_v upon_o as_o a_o pattern_n and_o by_o some_o judgement_n design_v as_o a_o example_n by_o god_n himself_o for_o other_o state_n to_o follow_v and_o be_v direct_v by_o what_o do_v it_o witness_v less_o then_o that_o the_o law_n of_o such_o a_o nation_n and_o government_n must_v needs_o be_v singular_a and_o incomparable_a chap._n ii_o the_o fundamental_o of_o the_o roman_a civil_a law_n be_v fetch_v from_o other_o state_n which_o do_v then_o excel_v other_o most_o in_o policy_n and_o government_n the_o first_o ground_n and_o foundation_n of_o the_o civil_a law_n be_v not_o of_o the_o roman_n own_o compose_n but_o be_v fetch_v from_o other_o nation_n and_o those_o the_o best_a govern_v that_o be_v in_o be_v for_o when_o they_o have_v cast_v off_o kingly_a government_n and_o put_v themselves_o into_o the_o form_n of_o a_o commonwealth_n they_o will_v no_o long_o endure_v the_o law_n that_o their_o king_n have_v make_v partly_o because_o they_o will_v not_o suffer_v any_o memory_n of_o their_o power_n to_o remain_v and_o partly_o because_o the_o set_n up_o of_o a_o new_a government_n will_v require_v necessary_o the_o make_v also_o of_o new_a law_n which_o may_v correspond_v therewith_o therefore_o since_o a_o present_a supply_n of_o law_n be_v necessary_a arbitrary_a rule_n be_v intolerable_a and_o that_o to_o frame_v a_o body_n of_o law_n themselves_o in_o a_o short_a time_n be_v impossible_a and_o not_o by_o a_o newborn_a state_n to_o be_v effect_v they_o appoint_v three_o eminent_a man_n to_o go_v to_o athens_n and_o other_o grecian_a city_n which_o have_v be_v famous_a for_o rule_n and_o administration_n of_o justice_n above_o other_o to_o fetch_v from_o thence_o the_o 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conform_v themselves_o for_o a_o long_a time_n and_o they_o be_v the_o only_a law_n they_o have_v of_o the_o which_o tully_n orat._n tully_n lib._n 1._o de_fw-fr orat._n give_v this_o high_a testimony_n that_o this_o one_o book_n of_o these_o law_n both_o for_o usefulness_n and_o wisdom_n do_v transcend_v all_o the_o book_n that_o all_o the_o philosopher_n of_o the_o world_n have_v write_v and_o although_o their_o engravement_n in_o brass_n can_v not_o preserve_v they_o from_o the_o injury_n of_o time_n nor_o rescue_v they_o from_o that_o universal_a change_n that_o alter_v all_o thing_n in_o the_o roman_a empire_n whereby_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o some_o relic_n only_o of_o they_o be_v now_o extant_a to_o the_o lamentation_n of_o all_o the_o learned_a yet_o the_o historian_n without_o any_o disagree_a tell_v we_o that_o the_o rise_v and_o beginning_n of_o all_o the_o civil_a law_n that_o we_o have_v in_o the_o book_n of_o justinian_n come_v from_o those_o law_n thus_o livy_n tacitus_n sigonius_n and_o rosinus_n and_o no_o less_o be_v deliver_v
potency_n by_o sea_n grow_v so_o expert_a in_o the_o regulation_n of_o all_o matter_n and_o difference_n thereto_o appertain_v and_o their_o determination_n therein_o be_v esteem_v so_o just_a and_o equitable_a that_o their_o law_n in_o such_o affair_n have_v be_v hold_v oracle_n ever_o since_o and_o therefore_o antoninus_n the_o emperor_n to_o a_o complaint_n that_o be_v make_v unto_o he_o by_o eudaemon_n who_o good_n have_v be_v seize_v by_o some_o public_a officer_n upon_o a_o shipwreck_n give_v he_o this_o answer_n ego_fw-la quidem_fw-la mundi_fw-la dominus_fw-la lex_fw-la autem_fw-la maris_fw-la lege_fw-la id_fw-la rhodia_n quae_fw-la de_fw-la rebus_fw-la nauticis_fw-la praescripta_fw-la est_fw-la judicetur_fw-la quatenus_fw-la ei_fw-la nulla_fw-la nostrarum_fw-la legum_fw-la adversatur_fw-la rhod._n adversatur_fw-la l._n 9_o dig._n de_fw-fr lege_fw-la rhod._n that_o be_v i_o be_o the_o lord_n of_o the_o world_n but_o the_o law_n be_v the_o empress_n of_o the_o sea_n let_v the_o rhodian_a law_n which_o have_v the_o regulate_v of_o sea_n matter_n decide_v it_o so_o that_o none_o of_o our_o own_o law_n be_v opposite_a thereunto_o and_o general_o it_o be_v their_o custom_n and_o usage_n that_o whensoever_o they_o conquer_v any_o nation_n they_o do_v not_o only_o give_v they_o law_n as_o conqueror_n use_v to_o do_v to_o those_o who_o they_o subdue_v but_o i_o may_v say_v they_o receive_v law_n from_o they_o too_o for_o what_o law_n practice_n or_o way_n of_o government_n they_o find_v there_o or_o any_o where_o else_o where_o they_o come_v that_o be_v laudable_a and_o useful_a in_o their_o state_n they_o carry_v they_o home_o and_o there_o put_v they_o in_o practice_n observe_v they_o rather_o with_o humility_n then_o reject_v they_o with_o disdain_n majoribus_fw-la nostris_fw-la say_v sallust_n as_o baldwine_n quote_v he_o in_o his_o prolegomena_n speak_v of_o the_o roman_n superbia_fw-la non_fw-la obstabat_fw-la quo_fw-la minus_fw-la aliena_fw-la instituta_fw-la si_fw-la modò_fw-la proba_fw-la erant_fw-la imitarentur_fw-la imitor_fw-la quà m_fw-la invidere_fw-la bonis_fw-la malebant_fw-la &_o quòd_fw-la utique_fw-la apud_fw-la socios_fw-la vel_fw-la host_n idoneum_fw-la videbatur_fw-la cum_fw-la summo_fw-la study_v domi_fw-la exequebantur_fw-la our_o ancestor_n be_v not_o so_o high_a mind_v as_o not_o to_o imitate_v such_o rule_n and_o custom_n of_o other_o nation_n as_o they_o find_v to_o be_v good_a choose_v rather_o to_o tread_v in_o the_o step_n of_o virtuous_a and_o well_o dispose_v people_n then_o to_o envy_v they_o therefore_o what_o either_o their_o ally_n or_o enemy_n afford_v that_o be_v useful_a and_o fit_a they_o greedy_o embrace_v and_o practise_v it_o in_o their_o own_o state_n and_o if_o sallust_n may_v be_v think_v partial_a because_o a_o roman_a writer_n let_v polybius_n speak_v that_o be_v a_o grecian_a they_o be_v always_o so_o wise_a say_v he_o as_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d to_o take_v and_o apply_v the_o best_a custom_n of_o other_o nation_n to_o their_o own_o use_n athenaeus_n say_v the_o same_o and_o declare_v it_o at_o large_a how_o from_o the_o beginning_n and_o first_o sound_v of_o the_o commonwealth_n they_o take_v from_o other_o the_o best_a point_n of_o policy_n and_o government_n and_o so_o in_o these_o law_n of_o we_o we_o have_v what_o all_o the_o wise_a and_o noble_a man_n in_o that_o commonwealth_n which_o be_v the_o most_o flourish_a and_o potent_a that_o ever_o be_v in_o the_o world_n can_v of_o themselves_o by_o their_o wisdom_n and_o reason_n devise_v or_o can_v learn_v from_o other_o state_n in_o about_o a_o thousand_o year_n for_o about_o so_o many_o year_n it_o be_v from_o the_o time_n of_o the_o decemvirate_n unto_o justinian_o death_n tantae_fw-la molis_fw-la erat_fw-la romanas_fw-la condere_fw-la leges_fw-la from_o this_o example_n of_o the_o roman_n who_o admit_v so_o free_o other_o law_n beside_o their_o own_o and_o will_v rather_o send_v about_o to_o borrow_v law_n from_o other_o then_o want_v such_o as_o be_v necessary_a and_o convenient_a for_o themselves_o we_o may_v learn_v to_o esteem_v it_o neither_o shameful_a nor_o inconvenient_a for_o the_o people_n of_o this_o nation_n to_o give_v such_o a_o admittance_n to_o the_o roman_a civil_a law_n here_o as_o the_o roman_n do_v in_o their_o state_n to_o the_o law_n of_o other_o nation_n for_o it_o must_v needs_o draw_v after_o it_o much_o benefit_n and_o no_o prejudice_n if_o it_o be_v do_v with_o these_o caution_n first_o that_o it_o be_v a_o free_a and_o a_o voluntary_a act_n of_o our_o own_o and_o not_o impose_v upon_o we_o by_o a_o foreign_a power_n second_o that_o it_o be_v admit_v mere_o to_o supply_v the_o defect_n of_o our_o own_o law_n and_o to_o have_v a_o resolve_v power_n in_o such_o case_n only_o where_o our_o own_o law_n have_v make_v no_o determination_n at_o all_o three_o so_o little_a to_o be_v make_v use_n of_o in_o opposition_n to_o our_o own_o municipal_a law_n as_o not_o so_o much_o as_o to_o be_v compare_v with_o it_o four_o that_o it_o be_v of_o great_a force_n in_o all_o case_n where_o there_o be_v great_a need_n of_o equity_n and_o a_o good_a conscience_n whereof_o there_o be_v more_o to_o be_v find_v in_o that_o law_n then_o in_o any_o other_o law_n of_o man._n five_o that_o it_o may_v order_v and_o determine_v all_o matter_n transact_v and_o arise_v upon_o the_o sea_n or_o contract_v and_o do_v in_o foreign_a part_n to_o which_o the_o law_n of_o the_o land_n be_v most_o incongruous_a and_o less_o satisfactory_a to_o those_o who_o they_o concern_v be_v chief_o stranger_n and_o of_o another_o nation_n last_o that_o if_o at_o any_o time_n the_o use_n and_o exercise_v thereof_o shall_v be_v stretch_v beyond_o the_o bound_n that_o be_v allow_v it_o it_o shall_v be_v penal_a but_o be_v check_v by_o such_o equal_a and_o indifferent_a umpire_n as_o be_v party_n in_o neither_o of_o both_o profession_n for_o where_o a_o incrochment_n be_v pretend_v to_o be_v 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undertake_v to_o advise_v prince_n or_o that_o any_o thing_n shall_v be_v do_v in_o state_n but_o what_o themselves_o absolute_o command_v some_o of_o they_o despise_v the_o whole_a law_n and_o slight_v those_o that_o teach_v it_o other_o proceed_v so_o far_o in_o cruelty_n as_o to_o banish_v some_o and_o to_o put_v other_o lawyer_n to_o death_n for_o so_o do_v nero_n commodus_n caracalla_n heliogabalus_n septimius_n severus_n but_o to_o persecute_v and_o take_v away_o their_o person_n do_v not_o satisfy_v the_o fury_n of_o some_o implacable_a emperor_n since_o other_o do_v succeed_v still_o in_o their_o room_n therefore_o it_o be_v think_v necessary_a by_o some_o that_o the_o law_n itself_o shall_v be_v so_o dispatch_v as_o it_o may_v be_v sure_a it_o shall_v never_o renew_v or_o rise_v again_o 1._o again_o annae_fw-la robert_n rer_n judic_fw-la lib._n 2._o ca._n 1._o caligula_n therefore_o put_v on_o a_o more_o hardy_a but_o a_o most_o barbarous_a resolution_n to_o burn_v all_o the_o book_n of_o the_o
law_n that_o be_v then_o extant_a pretend_v that_o equity_n will_v run_v clear_a and_o justice_n be_v quick_a where_o the_o nicety_n and_o perplexity_n of_o the_o law_n be_v go_v sed_fw-la non_fw-la fuit_fw-la tam_fw-la diuturnum_fw-la ejus_fw-la imperium_fw-la ut_fw-la efficere_fw-la potuerit_fw-la quae_fw-la meditabatur_fw-la nec_fw-la passus_fw-la est_fw-la deus_fw-la rata_fw-la esse_fw-la huius_fw-la tyranni_fw-la impia_fw-la &_o reipublicae_fw-la perniciosa_fw-la consilia_fw-la but_o his_o reign_n do_v not_o endure_v so_o long_o as_o to_o execute_v what_o he_o do_v intend_v neither_o will_v god_n suffer_v the_o design_n of_o this_o tyrant_n that_o be_v so_o detestable_a in_o itself_o and_o so_o destructive_a to_o the_o commonwealth_n to_o be_v bring_v to_o pass_v say_v baldwine_n in_o his_o prolegomena_n notwithstanding_o how_o odious_a soever_o this_o intendment_n be_v and_o though_o it_o prove_v ineffectual_a in_o caligula_n yet_o do_v licinius_n the_o emperor_n attempt_v to_o 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subdue_v by_o belisarius_n and_o narses_n and_o italy_n unite_v once_o more_o to_o the_o empire_n in_o the_o time_n of_o justinian_n but_o narses_n have_v govern_v italy_n about_o seventeen_o year_n and_o be_v after_o such_o good_a service_n most_o despiteful_o use_v by_o sophia_n the_o wife_n of_o the_o emperor_n justinus_n in_o revenge_n open_v the_o passage_n of_o the_o country_n to_o alboinus_n king_n of_o the_o lombard_n then_o possess_v of_o pannonia_n who_o come_v into_o italy_n with_o their_o wife_n and_o child_n possess_v themselves_o of_o all_o that_o country_n which_o ancient_o be_v inhabit_v by_o the_o cisalpine_a gall_n call_v it_o by_o their_o own_o name_n longobardia_n now_o corrupt_o lombardy_n and_o afterward_o in_o process_n of_o time_n they_o grow_v so_o mighty_a and_o spread_a there_o that_o there_o be_v reckon_v no_o less_o than_o twenty_o three_o king_n of_o that_o line_n succeed_v one_o another_o in_o italy_n and_o their_o kingdom_n endure_v no_o less_o than_o 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law_n and_o to_o keep_v it_o from_o get_v above_o and_o prevail_v over_o the_o law_n and_o custom_n of_o their_o own_o territory_n for_o that_o be_v no_o less_o than_o to_o worship_v two_o sun_n in_o one_o and_o the_o same_o firmament_n and_o to_o call_v in_o the_o roman_a sovereignty_n which_o be_v long_o ago_o cast_v off_o but_o that_o the_o civil_a law_n shall_v not_o be_v study_v public_o teach_v no_o degree_n take_v in_o it_o nor_o cite_v in_o their_o judicatories_n in_o a_o ministerial_a and_o subordinate_a way_n to_o their_o own_o municipal_a law_n and_o custom_n or_o that_o it_o shall_v not_o be_v admit_v to_o teach_v we_o true_a equity_n and_o sound_a reason_n their_o restrain_v edict_n never_o have_v so_o far_o prevail_v so_o total_o to_o suppress_v it_o from_o the_o time_n of_o lotharius_n the_o second_o the_o first_o restorer_n and_o reestablisher_n of_o it_o to_o this_o present_a which_o be_v now_o full_a 500_o year_n plurimùm_fw-la distat_fw-la lex_fw-la à _fw-la 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the_o dispensation_n of_o private_a justice_n and_o in_o pacify_v the_o debate_n and_o difference_n that_o do_v arise_v between_o their_o subject_n where_o mere_a right_n and_o equity_n only_o be_v considerable_a they_o use_v and_o practice_v the_o rule_n and_o principle_n of_o the_o civil_a law_n chief_o peculiar_a statute_n ordinance_n custom_n and_o municipal_a law_n every_o state_n have_v of_o its_o own_o make_n which_o in_o the_o regulation_n of_o its_o proper_a affair_n it_o do_v prefer_v before_o any_o other_o law_n or_o constitution_n whatsoever_o though_o in_o reason_n and_o convenience_n they_o may_v seem_v much_o better_a yet_o humane_a occurence_n be_v so_o many_o in_o number_n and_o in_o circumstance_n so_o great_o differ_v one_o from_o the_o other_o that_o no_o nation_n be_v perfect_o supply_v with_o law_n of_o their_o own_o to_o answer_v they_o but_o that_o there_o be_v still_o need_v of_o some_o subsidiary_a law_n more_o universal_a and_o comprehensive_a than_o its_o 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own_o country_n to_o determine_v it_o judgement_n pass_v as_o that_o special_a law_n direct_v but_o if_o that_o be_v want_v as_o common_o it_o be_v present_o recourse_n be_v have_v to_o the_o civil_a law_n and_o by_o that_o be_v it_o both_o plead_v and_o judge_v which_o because_o it_o show_v the_o transcendent_a excellency_n of_o this_o law_n be_v incident_a to_o no_o other_o law_n beside_o and_o be_v not_o thorough_o inquire_v into_o may_v seem_v incredible_a to_o many_o man_n it_o be_v therefore_o a_o point_n worthy_a of_o a_o strict_a examination_n and_o fit_a to_o be_v full_o clear_v and_o perfect_o understand_v for_o peradventure_o it_o may_v not_o pass_v without_o a_o wonder_n that_o a_o prince_n or_o commonwealth_n shall_v not_o be_v able_a to_o manage_v their_o rule_n and_o government_n by_o law_n of_o their_o own_o devise_v or_o that_o any_o difference_n shall_v arise_v among_o their_o people_n which_o they_o know_v not_o how_o to_o decide_v of_o themselves_o but_o must_v 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art_n
great_a student_n in_o all_o learning_n and_o one_o that_o seem_v to_o have_v search_v narrow_o into_o the_o state_n of_o the_o civil_a law_n as_o it_o have_v stand_v in_o use_n and_o request_n in_o other_o country_n as_o well_o as_o in_o england_n in_o all_o time_n in_o his_o additional_a discourse_n upon_o fleta_n whole_o spend_v upon_o that_o subject_n own_v the_o entertainment_n and_o use_n of_o the_o civil_a law_n in_o the_o western_a country_n of_o europe_n that_o have_v leave_v to_o acknowledge_v the_o roman_a empire_n long_o before_o for_o in_o that_o discourse_n 4._o discourse_n ca._n 6._o parag_v 4._o he_o have_v these_o word_n ita_fw-la jam_fw-la id_fw-la est_fw-la sub_fw-la annum_fw-la 1145_o receptus_fw-la fuit_fw-la juris_fw-la justinianaei_fw-la usus_fw-la ut_fw-la quoties_fw-la interpretandi_fw-la jura_fw-la sive_fw-la vetera_fw-la sive_fw-la nova_fw-la sive_fw-la ratio_fw-la sive_fw-la analogia_fw-la desideraretur_fw-la aut_fw-la mos_fw-la aut_fw-la lex_fw-la 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pope_n the_o authority_n of_o the_o civil_a law_n do_v still_o continue_v and_o that_o in_o poriugal_n the_o roman_a civil_a law_n be_v authorize_v by_o a_o ordinance_n of_o state_n in_o case_n which_o be_v not_o literal_o comprehend_v in_o the_o custom_n or_o constitution_n of_o the_o kingdom_n and_o as_o for_o other_o christian_a state_n which_o acknowledge_v no_o superior_a or_o any_o subjection_n to_o the_o empire_n as_o france_n spain_n denmark_n poland_n the_o city_n of_o venice_n and_o what_o also_o in_o germany_n have_v make_v itself_o free_a from_o the_o empire_n though_o as_o it_o be_v law_n he_o will_v not_o have_v it_o to_o bind_v or_o rule_v with_o they_o yet_o he_o say_v in_o all_o of_o they_o the_o reason_n of_o it_o bring_v into_o method_n be_v use_v and_o apply_v common_o to_o argument_n when_o any_o of_o their_o custom_n or_o statute_n come_v in_o question_n because_o the_o practiser_n study_v it_o in_o the_o university_n and_o have_v thence_o their_o degree_n give_v 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lib._n &_o postum_fw-la haered_a inst_z well_fw-mi exhaer_v de_fw-fr exhaered_a lib._n de_fw-fr inoffic_n testam_fw-la be_v not_o capable_a to_o receive_v any_o practical_a use_n or_o application_n in_o those_o territory_n again_o the_o great_a punishment_n that_o the_o roman_n inflict_v upon_o simple_a theft_n be_v to_o pay_v fourfold_a where_o the_o thief_n be_v take_v in_o the_o act_n itself_o or_o at_o least_o see_v and_o cry_v out_o upon_o before_o he_o get_v out_o of_o sight_n 58._o sight_n culac_n lib._n 11._o ob_n 58._o or_o if_o otherwise_o the_o theft_n be_v not_o so_o manifest_a to_o pay_v double_a the_o value_n of_o that_o which_o he_o steal_v and_o the_o reparation_n be_v make_v only_o to_o the_o party_n damnify_v and_o if_o there_o be_v divers_a person_n take_v or_o discover_v to_o be_v actor_n of_o one_o and_o the_o same_o theft_n they_o all_o undergo_v but_o one_o and_o the_o same_o penalty_n among_o they_o yet_o either_o of_o they_o may_v be_v sue_v for_o the_o whole_a 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though_o justinian_n will_v not_o have_v any_o theft_n punish_v with_o the_o loss_n of_o life_n or_o member_n autem_fw-la member_n novel_a 134._o ca._n fin_n vers_fw-la pro_fw-la furto_fw-la autem_fw-la yet_o he_o leave_v high-way-man_n and_o breaker_n into_o house_n and_o pirate_n at_o sea_n to_o be_v chastise_v by_o death_n sicar_n death_n ca._n ult._n no._n 134._o l._n dig._n ad_fw-la l._n cornel._n the_o sicar_n for_o such_o act_n as_o these_o be_v account_v more_o than_o theft_n by_o the_o civil_a law_n and_o for_o want_v of_o ability_n to_o make_v pecuniary_a reparation_n he_o will_v have_v all_o thief_n punish_v at_o the_o judge_n discretion_n paen_fw-la discretion_n l._n ult_n dig._n the_o furt_n l._n 1._o parag_v generaliter_fw-la dig._n de_fw-fr paen_fw-la corporal_o not_o capitally_a sure_o then_o in_o a_o case_n of_o simple_a theft_n it_o be_v very_o improper_a to_o bring_v into_o argument_n or_o to_o cite_v any_o text_n of_o the_o civil_a law_n de_fw-fr furtis_fw-la in_o 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any_o civil_a right_n whatsoever_o ju_n whatsoever_o l._n 32._o dig._n de_fw-fr reg_fw-la ju_n and_o can_v not_o so_o much_o as_o marry_v nor_o have_v any_o estate_n of_o their_o own_o nor_o bring_v any_o action_n or_o complaint_n in_o their_o own_o name_n but_o as_o to_o civil_a communion_n be_v account_v as_o plain_o dead_a jur_fw-fr dead_a l._n 209._o dig._n de_fw-fr reg_fw-la jur_fw-fr want_v in_o a_o christian_a commonwealth_n that_o subject_a matter_n for_o which_o they_o be_v first_o ordain_v they_o must_v needs_o fail_v also_o of_o their_o use_n and_o vigour_n and_o be_v esteem_v incongruous_a and_o improper_a there_o these_o and_o such_o like_a instance_n do_v show_v that_o the_o law_n of_o a_o nation_n must_v necessary_o be_v fit_v to_o the_o government_n of_o it_o and_o to_o the_o disposition_n of_o the_o people_n and_o such_o affair_n as_o they_o use_v to_o deal_v in_o and_o that_o it_o be_v not_o possible_a that_o the_o civil_a law_n alone_o without_o the_o help_n of_o a_o 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without_o any_o law_n at_o all_o and_o to_o be_v subject_a to_o the_o mischief_n of_o arbitrariness_n folly_n and_o violence_n it_o be_v the_o practice_n of_o the_o whole_a world_n to_o adhere_v and_o stand_v to_o the_o dictate_v of_o their_o own_o law_n and_o in_o no_o case_n to_o admit_v of_o any_o other_o rule_n either_o of_o civil_a law_n or_o acute_a reason_n against_o that_o which_o their_o own_o national_a law_n have_v declare_v and_o direct_v to_o be_v do_v fin_n do_v ne_n judicibus_fw-la contra_fw-la leges_fw-la judicare_fw-la nec_fw-la de_fw-la legibus_fw-la in_o republica_fw-la probatis_fw-la ac_fw-la susceptis_fw-la disputare_fw-la fas_fw-la est_fw-la bodin_n de_fw-fr rep_n lib._n 1._o ca._n 10._o in_o fin_n but_o than_o it_o be_v visible_a to_o every_o discern_a eye_n that_o the_o law_n that_o be_v make_v be_v oft_o time_n draw_v so_o short_a and_o put_v into_o such_o obscure_a and_o ambiguous_a term_n that_o it_o be_v but_o requisite_a some_o other_o law_n or_o rule_n 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their_o cause_n be_v be_v various_a and_o disagree_a from_o whence_o it_o happen_v that_o every_o day_n produce_v such_o accident_n as_o though_o they_o be_v not_o whole_o new_a yet_o they_o come_v accompany_v with_o one_o circumstance_n or_o other_o that_o make_v they_o differ_v from_o all_o that_o go_v before_o they_o beside_o nature_n itself_o bring_v forth_o some_o variety_n of_o contingent_n without_o any_o act_n of_o man_n all_o which_o be_v of_o several_a nature_n and_o different_o circumstantiate_v from_o what_o be_v past_a or_o can_v be_v think_v of_o though_o they_o do_v too_o frequent_o happen_v and_o intermix_v with_o the_o affair_n of_o man_n yet_o to_o supply_v they_o with_o a_o direct_a peculiar_a law_n or_o any_o other_o express_v and_o determinate_a rule_n to_o settle_v they_o be_v a_o enterprise_n that_o be_v never_o undertake_v by_o the_o wise_a lawgiver_n that_o have_v be_v 19_o be_v legislator_n non_fw-la potest_fw-la omne_fw-la declarare_fw-la quia_fw-la res_fw-la 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danger_n they_o run_v through_o both_o personal_a and_o real_a they_o deserve_v to_o have_v the_o high_a immunity_n confer_v on_o they_o but_o let_v they_o keep_v within_o their_o own_o sphere_n and_o not_o aspire_v to_o such_o a_o function_n which_o neither_o their_o breed_n capacity_n or_o part_n do_v enable_v they_o unto_o nor_o their_o employment_n give_v they_o leisure_n to_o discharge_v 16._o discharge_v robert_n rer._n judicat_fw-la lib._n 2._o ca._n 16._o and_o therefore_o upon_o a_o solemn_a debate_n whether_o merchant_n shall_v be_v join_v to_o civilian_n to_o try_v such_o matter_n it_o be_v deny_v and_o judge_v against_o in_o france_n in_o the_o year_n 1584._o beside_o that_o it_o shall_v be_v think_v that_o man_n who_o knowledge_n of_o the_o law_n and_o skill_n to_o do_v right_a and_o justice_n be_v no_o great_a then_o bare_a nature_n and_o their_o illiterate_a education_n have_v afford_v they_o shall_v be_v able_a to_o do_v it_o quick_a and_o at_o less_o charge_n to_o 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question_n and_o that_o they_o must_v toil_v and_o perplex_v themselves_o to_o understand_v the_o true_a point_n in_o issue_n meet_v every_o where_n with_o knot_n and_o difficulty_n and_o scarce_o any_o thing_n that_o be_v easy_a &_o clear_a to_o they_o whereby_o they_o can_v without_o long_o and_o frequent_a debate_n and_o much_o time_n spend_v resolve_v any_o ease_n in_o question_n and_o though_o it_o be_v right_o decide_v in_o the_o end_n which_o it_o be_v twenty_o to_o one_o if_o it_o be_v and_o be_v a_o act_n of_o chance_n rather_o than_o judgement_n yet_o in_o a_o multitude_n of_o other_o business_n before_o any_o come_v to_o be_v judge_v the_o attendance_n i_o be_o sure_a be_v most_o tedious_a and_o the_o charge_n intolerable_a so_o that_o to_o put_v the_o maritime_a and_o foreign_a affair_n to_o be_v judge_v by_o merchant_n be_v to_o augment_v delay_n and_o charge_n rather_o than_o to_o lessen_v either_o in_o like_a manner_n those_o that_o study_n and_o profess_v only_o the_o law_n of_o their_o own_o country_n which_o as_o i_o say_v before_o be_v common_o but_o of_o narrow_a extent_n and_o serve_v but_o for_o a_o few_o particular_a occasion_n only_o may_v be_v as_o just_o deem_v incapable_a to_o judge_v and_o sit_v upon_o trial_n of_o such_o matter_n though_o they_o do_v concern_v the_o dispense_n of_o law_n and_o justice_n too_o wherein_o the_o municipal_a law_n be_v silent_a and_o have_v make_v no_o provision_n at_o all_o or_o peradventure_o be_v not_o capable_a to_o make_v any_o determination_n in_o they_o as_o when_o they_o fall_v out_o upon_o the_o main_a and_o open_a sea_n or_o in_o a_o foreign_a state_n or_o be_v controversy_n arise_v between_o two_o several_a nation_n or_o their_o subject_n to_o which_o no_o municipal_a law_n can_v be_v apply_v in_o brief_a where_o the_o law_n stand_v distinct_a and_o the_o profession_n thereof_o distinct_a also_o the_o exercise_n of_o they_o ought_v not_o to_o be_v confound_v by_o the_o one_o thrust_v into_o the_o other_o function_n and_o calling_n and_o therefore_o much_o less_o reason_n have_v they_o to_o prohibit_v the_o civilian_n who_o have_v the_o knowledge_n the_o trial_n of_o those_o case_n and_o assume_v it_o to_o themselves_o who_o have_v it_o not_o hereupon_o therefore_o we_o say_v it_o be_v that_o though_o every_o nation_n have_v law_n and_o statute_n of_o their_o own_o proper_a for_o their_o affair_n and_o people_n and_o those_o within_o their_o several_a confine_n so_o far_o as_o they_o do_v prescribe_v have_v the_o preeminence_n above_o any_o other_o law_n or_o reason_n in_o the_o world_n as_o have_v be_v say_v before_o yet_o there_o be_v no_o foreign_a nation_n in_o the_o world_n that_o have_v a_o distinct_a study_n and_o profession_n of_o the_o municipal_a law_n of_o the_o nation_n apart_o and_o divide_v from_o the_o roman_a civil_a law_n neither_o be_v there_o any_o where_o else_o student_n and_o professor_n of_o any_o municipal_a law_n distinct_o so_o call_v and_o dignify_v as_o there_o be_v in_o england_n but_o the_o study_n and_o profession_n of_o law_n that_o be_v to_o be_v find_v in_o the_o other_o part_n of_o the_o world_n and_o be_v serviceable_a for_o the_o government_n of_o the_o civil_a state_n be_v the_o study_n and_o profession_n of_o the_o roman_a civil_a law_n only_o all_o which_o and_o whatsoever_o else_o we_o shall_v say_v hereafter_o to_o the_o same_o purpose_n we_o will_v have_v understand_v as_o humble_a proposal_n only_o to_o be_v consider_v of_o in_o order_n to_o a_o future_a settlement_n which_o we_o hope_v and_o long_o for_o but_o if_o the_o authority_n of_o this_o nation_n who_o best_o can_v judge_v what_o be_v fit_a for_o the_o people_n and_o what_o suit_v best_a with_o the_o present_a government_n shall_v in_o the_o end_n commit_v and_o dispose_v of_o those_o trial_n which_o former_o do_v belong_v to_o the_o profession_n of_o the_o civil_a law_n into_o the_o hand_n of_o other_o that_o do_v not_o partake_v of_o that_o excellent_a knowledge_n it_o do_v behoove_v all_o person_n to_o sit_v down_o satisfy_v therewith_o and_o to_o submit_v unto_o it_o without_o any_o murmur_a or_o dispute_v for_o i_o do_v great_o approve_v of_o that_o golden_a say_n of_o the_o civil_a law_n sacrileg_n law_n lâ—_n 3._o co._n de_fw-fr grim_a sacrileg_n disputare_fw-la de_fw-la principali_fw-la judicio_fw-la non_fw-la oportet_fw-la sacrilegii_fw-la enim_fw-la instar_fw-la est_fw-la dubitare_fw-la a_o be_v dignus_fw-la sit_fw-la quem_fw-la imperator_fw-la elegerit_fw-la no_o man_n ought_v to_o question_v that_o which_o the_o supreme_a magistrate_n have_v once_o decide_v for_o it_o be_v a_o kind_n of_o sacrilege_n to_o doubt_v of_o that_o person_n merit_n who_o the_o high_a magistrate_n by_o his_o immediate_a election_n have_v think_v fit_a to_o dignify_v chap._n viii_o the_o reason_n be_v strong_a and_o weighty_a upon_o which_o so_o many_o foreign_a state_n do_v direct_a and_o order_v the_o business_n of_o their_o tribunal_n most_o by_o the_o prescript_n reason_n and_o equity_n of_o the_o civil_a law_n it_o be_v from_o the_o roman_a civil_a law_n that_o the_o student_n in_o foreign_a nation_n do_v derive_v their_o first_o principle_n of_o law_n and_o justice_n and_o in_o this_o be_v all_o public_a lecture_n read_v and_o degree_n take_v and_o not_o in_o any_o municipal_a law_n yet_o it_o be_v true_a that_o before_o they_o practise_v or_o sit_v in_o place_n of_o judicature_n they_o read_v and_o thorough_o inform_v themselves_o in_o the_o law_n of_o their_o own_o country_n by_o which_o where_o there_o be_v positive_a and_o express_a constitution_n in_o the_o point_n their_o plead_n and_o judgement_n must_v be_v direct_v whole_o but_o in_o case_n where_o there_o be_v none_o as_o the_o case_n be_v but_o few_o where_o there_o be_v in_o comparison_n of_o those_o where_o there_o be_v not_o or_o where_o that_o which_o be_v be_v either_o in_o sense_n ambiguous_a or_o in_o word_n obscure_a and_o must_v be_v interpret_v or_o where_o no_o municipal_a law_n can_v be_v of_o any_o force_n or_o use_v at_o all_o as_o in_o the_o case_n above_o specify_v there_o they_o general_o make_v the_o civil_a law_n or_o the_o reason_n thereof_o their_o only_a rule_n and_o guide_v to_o administer_v right_a and_o justice_n by_o both_o to_o their_o own_o people_n and_o to_o foreigner_n also_o to_o this_o they_o be_v lead_v by_o divers_a necessary_a and_o most_o important_a reason_n first_o for_o they_o to_o do_v so_o be_v but_o answerable_a to_o their_o education_n as_o they_o be_v all_o civilian_n and_o to_o those_o principle_n which_o their_o learning_n have_v ingraft_v in_o they_o for_o since_o they_o have_v be_v breed_v and_o discipline_v under_o it_o it_o be_v no_o wonder_n if_o their_o judgement_n and_o result_v be_v steer_v by_o it_o it_o be_v natural_a that_o water_n shall_v have_v the_o true_a relish_n of_o the_o fountain_n from_o whence_o they_o
flow_v and_o therefore_o when_o the_o learned_a of_o that_o profession_n sit_v in_o divers_a judicatories_n of_o england_n distribution_n of_o justice_n be_v ever_o after_o the_o same_o rule_n in_o such_o case_n wherein_o no_o special_a law_n be_v or_o can_v be_v make_v to_o guide_v they_o second_o it_o can_v be_v devise_v how_o such_o case_n as_o neither_o the_o law_n nor_o the_o custom_n of_o the_o place_n have_v special_o provide_v in_o can_v be_v well_o understand_v and_o receive_v a_o true_a and_o right_a judgement_n without_o the_o help_n of_o that_o profession_n all_o other_o learning_n beside_o that_o be_v take_v up_o in_o the_o consideration_n of_o thing_n that_o be_v clean_a of_o another_o nature_n and_o do_v not_o consider_v what_o deal_n there_o be_v between_o man_n and_o man_n subject_n and_o foreigner_n and_o what_o justice_n and_o equity_n do_v require_v in_o each_o of_o they_o as_o that_o exact_o do_v as_o for_o vulgar_a and_o common_a reason_n it_o be_v of_o use_n in_o matter_n that_o be_v obvious_a to_o sense_n and_o to_o the_o first_o apprehension_n and_o which_o be_v ministerial_a to_o the_o maintain_n of_o life_n and_o livelihood_n but_o where_o the_o discursive_a faculty_n must_v be_v employ_v and_o great_a reason_n and_o a_o long_a experience_n be_v require_v as_o in_o the_o thing_n we_o now_o speak_v of_o ordinary_a reason_n if_o we_o presume_v upon_o it_o will_v soon_o lead_v we_o into_o error_n then_o be_v any_o advantage_n towards_o a_o solid_a and_o right_a judgement_n nay_o so_o unable_a be_v the_o common_a capacity_n to_o discern_v and_o judge_v of_o they_o that_o it_o be_v usual_a for_o the_o judge_n of_o the_o law_n themselves_o to_o be_v at_o a_o stand_n and_o to_o spend_v some_o time_n in_o study_n and_o counsel_n ere_o they_o can_v resolve_v some_o question_n that_o do_v arise_v so_o intricate_a and_o perplex_a be_v they_o three_o it_o be_v the_o nature_n and_o practice_n of_o all_o state_n and_o people_n beside_o their_o own_o proper_a law_n to_o use_v such_o as_o be_v common_a to_o all_o other_o nation_n and_o man_n and_o so_o no_o strange_a thing_n to_o cherish_v two_o law_n in_o one_o commonwealth_n as_o some_o do_v too_o vain_o imagine_v omnes_fw-la populi_fw-la qui_fw-la legibus_fw-la &_o moribus_fw-la reguntur_fw-la partim_fw-la svo_fw-la proprio_fw-la partim_fw-la communi_fw-la omnium_fw-la hominum_fw-la jure_fw-la utuntur_fw-la say_v gaius_n jur_n gaius_n l._n 9_o dig._n de_fw-fr just_a &_o jur_n and_o justinian_n civ_o justinian_n parag._n 1_o inst_z deju_n nat_n gent._n &_o civ_o all_o people_n that_o be_v guide_v by_o any_o law_n or_o custom_n at_o all_o be_v guide_v by_o a_o law_n common_a to_o other_o as_o well_o as_o by_o that_o that_o be_v peculiar_a to_o themselves_o for_o if_o the_o law_n of_o a_o nation_n be_v not_o universal_a enough_o as_o indeed_o none_o be_v but_o that_o in_o the_o ministration_n of_o justice_n there_o will_v every_o day_n arise_v such_o question_n which_o the_o particular_a law_n have_v not_o touch_v upon_o if_o there_o be_v not_o some_o other_o law_n to_o fly_v to_o there_o must_v necessary_o ensue_v either_o a_o failer_z of_o justice_n as_o to_o those_o case_n which_o will_v draw_v on_o a_o self-revenge_n or_o else_o the_o settle_v they_o must_v be_v arbitrary_a and_o at_o will_n which_o a_o people_n will_v not_o long_o endure_v beside_o there_o be_v no_o nation_n in_o the_o world_n that_o abound_v with_o all_o thing_n there_o be_v no_o people_n so_o well_o fortify_v but_o that_o they_o may_v stand_v in_o need_n of_o the_o assistance_n of_o other_o either_o in_o matter_n of_o commerce_n or_o to_o join_v in_o oppose_v a_o common_a enemy_n who_o watch_v to_o destroy_v they_o both_o when_o as_o therefore_o the_o implore_v of_o this_o foreign_a help_n or_o the_o transportation_n of_o our_o native_a commodity_n to_o those_o that_o can_v supply_v we_o with_o they_o which_o we_o have_v not_o drive_v we_o to_o a_o necessity_n of_o deal_n with_o other_o people_n it_o be_v substantial_o needful_a also_o to_o order_v such_o deal_n by_o to_o have_v some_o law_n or_o rule_n general_o know_v and_o unquestionable_o just_a to_o both_o there_o be_v therefore_o a_o necessity_n of_o another_o law_n beside_o the_o particular_a law_n of_o each_o country_n the_o civil_a law_n have_v be_v choose_v by_o most_o foreign_a state_n because_o it_o have_v from_o the_o time_n of_o the_o roman_n run_v through_o all_o nation_n and_o have_v be_v so_o general_o applaud_v and_o allow_v of_o by_o all_o that_o now_o at_o last_o it_o have_v purchase_v to_o itself_o the_o honour_n to_o be_v style_v jus_fw-la gentium_fw-la the_o law_n of_o nation_n or_o jus_o common_a the_o common_a law_n of_o all_o europe_n because_o it_o have_v more_o in_o it_o of_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n that_o be_v common_a to_o all_o mankind_n than_o any_o other_o law_n of_o man._n four_o the_o civil_a law_n be_v of_o such_o large_a extent_n and_o so_o vast_a a_o comprehension_n that_o nothing_o can_v fall_v out_o wherein_o the_o ministration_n of_o law_n equity_n or_o any_o part_n of_o justice_n may_v be_v necessary_a which_o either_o the_o word_n of_o that_o law_n or_o the_o reason_n thereof_o will_v not_o decide_v for_o indeed_o the_o roman_n through_o the_o universal_a power_n they_o have_v over_o a_o great_a part_n of_o the_o world_n and_o their_o converse_v several_a way_n with_o the_o rest_n be_v bring_v acquaint_v with_o the_o nature_n and_o state_n of_o all_o humane_a affair_n of_o what_o kind_n soever_o five_o it_o provide_v not_o for_o the_o welfare_n and_o interest_n of_o one_o nation_n only_o as_o a_o particular_a law_n do_v but_o contemplate_v and_o take_v care_n for_o the_o general_a affair_n of_o all_o people_n for_o it_o treat_v of_o all_o manner_n of_o difference_n arise_v between_o one_o state_n and_o another_o of_o the_o law_n of_o war_n and_o article_n of_o peace_n of_o league_n truce_n reprizal_n right_n and_o privilege_n of_o ambassador_n and_o redemption_n of_o prisoner_n of_o precedency_n due_a to_o prince_n of_o the_o freedom_n of_o trade_n to_o forreiguer_n and_o of_o the_o restraint_n thereof_o upon_o just_a and_o weighty_a reason_n of_o the_o free_a and_o common_a use_n of_o the_o sea_n and_o how_o it_o may_v be_v interdict_v or_o limit_v of_o all_o contract_n in_o and_o about_o ship_v or_o transportation_n of_o damage_n or_o injury_n do_v at_o sea_n of_o custom_n wreck_n piracy_n savage_a or_o contribution_n of_o assurance_n make_v upon_o ship_n or_o good_n of_o the_o carry_v of_o arm_n money_n or_o man_n to_o furnish_v or_o strengthen_v our_o enemy_n of_o the_o condition_n give_v for_o the_o surrender_n besiege_a place_n by_o who_o they_o may_v be_v effectual_o make_v and_o how_o far_o they_o may_v be_v extend_v whether_o change_n of_o governor_n and_o government_n can_v dissolve_v amity_n friendship_n and_o respect_n between_o we_o and_o other_o state_n these_o and_o such_o like_a be_v matter_n 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world_n therefore_o what_o high_a applause_n soever_o may_v be_v give_v to_o the_o local_a constitution_n of_o any_o people_n as_o questionless_a they_o be_v all_o useful_a within_o their_o proper_a territory_n yet_o it_o be_v a_o truth_n unquestionable_a that_o in_o the_o account_n of_o other_o nation_n whatsoever_o the_o case_n or_o question_n be_v be_v it_o between_o their_o own_o subject_n so_o that_o their_o own_o national_a law_n and_o custom_n do_v not_o special_o order_v it_o or_o be_v it_o between_o they_o and_o other_o prince_n or_o their_o subject_n the_o civil_a law_n be_v the_o straight_a rule_n and_o the_o best_a guide_n to_o decide_v it_o by_o and_o the_o art_n and_o skill_n to_o dispense_v equal_a right_n and_o exact_a justice_n to_o all_o man_n be_v to_o be_v learn_v from_o the_o study_n of_o no_o other_o law_n of_o man_n creation_n but_o that_o law_n only_o nihil_fw-la aliud_fw-la est_fw-la jus_o civil_a quà m_fw-la sententiae_fw-la quaedam_fw-la à _fw-la 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and_o obloquy_n it_o gall_v and_o exasperate_v their_o own_o subject_n and_o make_v their_o neighbour_n stand_v at_o a_o distance_n with_o they_o and_o the_o condition_n of_o that_o state_n must_v needs_o be_v dangerous_a and_o unsure_a have_v lose_v their_o reputation_n both_o at_o home_n and_o abroad_o only_o here_o be_v the_o difference_n and_o it_o be_v a_o sad_a one_o the_o danger_n of_o particular_a injustice_n determine_v in_o some_o detriment_n of_o a_o few_o but_o national_a injustice_n draw_v after_o it_o ofttimes_o the_o ruin_n and_o confusion_n of_o many_o nation_n beside_o the_o impression_n of_o nature_n and_o reason_n be_v so_o strong_a in_o man_n and_o so_o great_a a_o part_n of_o his_o essence_n that_o they_o can_v be_v quite_o expunge_v or_o delete_v in_o he_o neither_o can_v they_o be_v so_o long_o discontinue_v but_o they_o will_v at_o length_n have_v their_o return_n naturam_fw-la expellas_fw-la furcalicet_fw-la usque_fw-la recurret_fw-la and_o inclination_n
and_o affection_n thereunto_o will_v appear_v even_o when_o the_o contrary_a be_v perform_v so_o true_a be_v that_o of_o the_o civil_a law_n jura_n naturalia_fw-la sunt_fw-la immutabilia_fw-la civil_a immutabilia_fw-la parag._n 11._o inst_z de_fw-fr jur_fw-fr nat_n geut_fw-fr &_o civil_a the_o law_n of_o nature_n and_o the_o common_a reason_n of_o nation_n be_v unchangeable_a and_o be_v not_o capable_a to_o be_v repeal_v for_o if_o it_o be_v once_o admit_v that_o these_o law_n be_v alterable_a what_o strange_a contradiction_n and_o senseless_a incongruity_n will_v follow_v and_o how_o will_v man_n be_v ravish_v as_o it_o be_v from_o himself_o his_o reason_n one_o chief_a part_n of_o his_o essence_n be_v take_v away_o beside_o how_o will_v sin_n and_o trespass_n against_o nature_n multiply_v how_o common_a will_v natural_a injustice_n be_v and_o what_o loud_a complaint_n thereof_o will_v arise_v whereby_o not_o only_o great_a confusion_n will_v break_v in_o and_o the_o peace_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n be_v disturb_v but_o the_o common_a society_n of_o nation_n will_v in_o time_n also_o cease_v the_o civil_a law_n then_o as_o it_o be_v natural_a essential_a or_o rational_a can_v be_v repeal_v second_o let_v it_o be_v speak_v to_o its_o praise_n also_o that_o the_o civil_a law_n be_v so_o far_o from_o be_v make_v useless_a to_o a_o nation_n where_o the_o whole_a state_n of_o government_n have_v be_v subvert_v as_o that_o it_o be_v thereby_o become_v more_o useful_a and_o necessary_a it_o be_v certain_a that_o the_o roman_a people_n themselves_o think_v it_o so_o when_o they_o dispatch_v certain_a choose_v man_n on_o purpose_n to_o fetch_v it_o from_o athens_n for_o their_o use_n and_o service_n after_o they_o have_v drive_v out_o their_o king_n suppress_v their_o law_n and_o erect_v a_o popular_a government_n in_o place_n of_o the_o regal_a the_o like_a opinion_n possess_v now_o adays_o the_o prince_n and_o potentate_n of_o the_o great_a part_n of_o europe_n as_o be_v clear_o demonstrate_v by_o their_o admit_v the_o learning_n and_o profession_n thereof_o into_o their_o several_a territory_n that_o it_o may_v be_v at_o hand_n to_o decide_v and_o resolve_v such_o case_n and_o question_n of_o right_a that_o happen_v among_o their_o people_n wherein_o a_o law_n of_o their_o own_o be_v want_v nay_o if_o any_o such_o difference_n or_o controversy_n arise_v between_o the_o prince_n themselves_o or_o between_o nation_n and_o nation_n which_o be_v most_o frequent_a and_o common_a because_o there_o never_o be_v nor_o can_v be_v by_o any_o authority_n a_o positive_a law_n make_v to_o bind_v they_o they_o debate_v and_o argue_v such_o difference_n by_o argument_n fetch_v from_o the_o civil_a law_n and_o allow_v of_o the_o reason_n thereof_o as_o a_o most_o competent_a and_o equal_a rule_n to_o decide_v they_o by_o and_o if_o this_o supply_n of_o justice_n by_o the_o learning_n and_o knowledge_n of_o the_o civil_a law_n be_v take_v away_o too_o what_o ignorance_n uncertainty_n arbitrariness_n injustice_n and_o oppression_n will_v the_o people_n of_o the_o world_n lie_v under_o and_o what_o hazard_n of_o detriment_n or_o ruin_n will_v their_o right_n fortune_n and_o estate_n be_v expose_v unto_o for_o where_o all_o manner_n of_o law_n be_v want_v in_o a_o common_a weal_n to_o do_v the_o act_n of_o justice_n and_o ministration_n of_o right_n by_o it_o must_v be_v grant_v that_o the_o light_n of_o natural_a reason_n must_v of_o necessity_n be_v the_o law_n since_o that_o be_v the_o only_a mean_n which_o be_v give_v to_o man_n at_o first_o to_o judge_v and_o discern_v by_o of_o humane_a thing_n before_o any_o law_n be_v give_v but_o if_o that_o shall_v depend_v upon_o the_o wander_a fancy_n and_o imagination_n of_o man_n only_o and_o not_o be_v illuminate_v by_o some_o right_a knowledge_n and_o learning_n under_o how_o many_o several_a shape_n and_o form_n must_v it_o need_v appear_v when_o the_o apprehension_n and_o conception_n of_o man_n through_o the_o variety_n of_o natural_a gift_n education_n age_n knowledge_n and_o experience_n be_v as_o differ_v as_o their_o visage_n and_o person_n be_v and_o where_o will_v the_o certainty_n constancy_n and_o unity_n of_o justice_n be_v when_o the_o judge_n of_o the_o same_o tribunal_n furnish_v with_o bare_a natural_a endowment_n only_o will_v differ_v from_o and_o oppose_v one_o another_o when_o one_o tribunal_n shall_v judge_v direct_o opposite_a to_o another_o upon_o one_o and_o the_o same_o fact_n or_o which_o be_v a_o levity_n shameful_a and_o unbeseeming_a when_o the_o judge_n of_o the_o same_o court_n in_o case_n of_o like_a nature_n shall_v judge_v and_o order_n diverse_o from_o that_o which_o they_o have_v do_v before_o 6._o before_o apud_fw-la romanos_fw-la prius_fw-la quà m_fw-la sententiam_fw-la ferrent_fw-la praeco_fw-la clara_fw-la vice_fw-la judioe_n hoâ—tabatur_fw-la ne_fw-la se_fw-la paterentur_fw-la svi_fw-la dissimiles_fw-la esse_fw-la bodin_n de_fw-fr rep_n lib._n 6._o ca._n 6._o under_o which_o uncertainty_n and_o discordance_n how_o shall_v people_n know_v what_o to_o expect_v when_o their_o right_n come_v into_o question_n what_o can_v any_o counsel_n advise_v or_o what_o caution_n or_o advisedness_n can_v be_v use_v by_o man_n to_o put_v themselves_o or_o their_o affair_n out_o of_o jeopardy_n when_o they_o be_v never_o certain_a of_o that_o justice_n to_o which_o they_o shall_v conform_v themselves_o and_o be_v secure_a by_o the_o conversion_n and_o change_n of_o state_n therefore_o though_o the_o municipal_a law_n go_v to_o wrack_v as_o common_o such_o great_a frame_n be_v seldom_o meddle_v withal_o but_o all_o fall_v a_o piece_n the_o civil_a law_n be_v not_o the_o less_o but_o rather_o the_o more_o necessary_a to_o be_v retain_v still_o first_o because_o it_o have_v no_o coherence_n or_o conglutination_n with_o the_o particular_a custom_n or_o government_n either_o regal_a or_o episcopal_a as_o the_o municipal_a law_n have_v and_o so_o the_o one_o may_v fall_v and_o yet_o the_o other_o stand_v second_o because_o the_o civil_a law_n be_v the_o proper_a art_n and_o science_n of_o that_o right_n natural_a reason_n which_o for_o want_v of_o other_o rule_n in_o the_o do_n of_o justice_n we_o have_v say_v must_v necessary_o be_v the_o common_a standard_n to_o try_v all_o thing_n by_o the_o principle_n of_o which_o art_n and_o science_n be_v not_o weak_a or_o superficial_a but_o strong_a and_o solid_a not_o various_a or_o repugnant_a but_o certain_a and_o agree_v not_o harsh_a and_o rigorous_a but_o tender_a compassionate_a and_o equitable_a not_o partial_a to_o any_o but_o alike_o just_a to_o all_o not_o obscure_a and_o perplex_a but_o clear_a and_o perspicuous_a in_o the_o eye_n of_o judicious_a and_o right_a discern_a man_n though_o above_o the_o reach_n of_o the_o vulgar_a three_o because_o in_o carry_v the_o weight_n of_o undeniable_a authority_n along_o with_o it_o the_o decision_n thereof_o be_v not_o the_o sudden_a fancy_n and_o raw_a conceit_n of_o a_o few_o man_n nor_o do_v they_o rest_v upon_o the_o bare_a report_n of_o any_o how_o learned_a in_o the_o law_n soever_o but_o they_o be_v the_o clear_a evidence_n of_o reason_n and_o the_o prudent_a advisement_n and_o mature_a deliberation_n of_o a_o whole_a state_n excel_v in_o wisdom_n mighty_a in_o greatness_n and_o famous_a in_o renown_n and_o howsoever_o it_o be_v at_o first_o ordain_v to_o be_v a_o law_n for_o a_o particular_a nation_n to_o be_v rule_v by_o yet_o have_v it_o since_o be_v make_v universal_a in_o use_n throughout_o europe_n and_o by_o the_o general_a consent_n of_o all_o the_o learned_a spring_v up_o to_o a_o art_n or_o science_n to_o teach_v natural_a justice_n and_o equity_n to_o all_o mankind_n four_o because_o the_o reason_n of_o the_o civil_a law_n do_v not_o only_o right_o inform_v and_o teach_v the_o understanding_n what_o be_v just_a and_o right_a but_o the_o certainty_n thereof_o do_v keep_v the_o judgement_n steady_a and_o unexpose_v to_o those_o fit_n of_o variation_n and_o instability_n which_o those_o that_o be_v direct_v by_o no_o certain_a principle_n be_v subject_a to_o for_o it_o be_v not_o easy_a for_o they_o to_o vary_v who_o have_v any_o fix_a rule_n to_o guide_v they_o so_o that_o if_o this_o law_n be_v due_o apply_v by_o those_o only_a that_o be_v learn_v in_o it_o since_o it_o be_v not_o possible_a to_o be_v do_v by_o any_o other_o sort_n of_o man_n neither_o ignorance_n nor_o error_n nor_o arbitrariness_n nor_o uncertainty_n of_o justice_n nor_o the_o consequence_n thereof_o wrong_v injustice_n or_o oppression_n will_v be_v find_v at_o least_o they_o will_v not_o be_v so_o frequent_a and_o common_a as_o where_o the_o guidance_n and_o light_n of_o such_o a_o law_n be_v want_v but_o beside_o these_o forego_n reason_n there_o be_v yet_o further_o and_o much_o strong_a reason_n to_o be_v add_v why_o those_o matter_n and_o cause_n which_o before_o the_o present_a change_n
the_o same_o moreover_o if_o we_o will_v deal_v in_o foreign_a affair_n and_o launch_v forth_o into_o the_o wide_a ocean_n and_o converse_v with_o foreign_a people_n and_o have_v to_o do_v with_o ship_v negotiation_n and_o traffic_v without_o which_o so_o populous_a be_v we_o grow_v we_o be_v not_o able_a so_o much_o as_o to_o subsist_v or_o live_v or_o if_o we_o will_v be_v enable_v to_o stand_v upon_o our_o own_o defence_n against_o a_o nation_n that_o shall_v assault_v we_o by_o a_o war_n or_o revenge_n unsufferable_a injury_n do_v we_o by_o make_v war_n upon_o they_o we_o must_v not_o then_o stand_v upon_o our_o own_o legislative_a authority_n to_o which_o other_o prince_n and_o people_n will_v not_o be_v oblige_v 5._o oblige_v consuetudines_fw-la vel_fw-la statuta_fw-la sunt_fw-la localia_fw-la &_o fie_o non_fw-la obligant_fw-la nisi_fw-la subditos_fw-la gail_n ob_n lib_n 2._o ob_n 124._o nu_fw-la 5._o but_o we_o must_v be_v content_v to_o stand_v and_o submit_v ourselves_o to_o such_o a_o law_n how_o foreign_a soever_o as_o be_v proper_a for_o those_o very_a matter_n and_o to_o which_o other_o nation_n do_v refer_v themselves_o which_o be_v the_o civil_a law_n that_o nature_n have_v breathe_v out_o itself_o in_o and_o nation_n have_v consent_v unto_o and_o if_o it_o be_v so_o necessary_a for_o the_o carry_v on_o of_o foreign_a affair_n that_o they_o can_v be_v transact_v without_o it_o this_o show_v a_o necessity_n of_o admit_v of_o it_o also_o in_o the_o agitation_n of_o certain_a matter_n and_o cause_n at_o home_n and_o among_o ourselves_o for_o the_o more_o ample_a reward_n and_o encouragement_n of_o that_o profession_n which_o can_v never_o be_v maintain_v or_o uphold_v by_o the_o transaction_n of_o foreign_a affair_n only_o which_o be_v not_o desire_v neither_o in_o any_o great_a latitude_n or_o measure_n then_o have_v be_v always_o allow_v it_o heretofore_o and_o where_o the_o common-law_n have_v never_o know_v to_o intermeddle_v and_o in_o which_o if_o the_o civil_a law_n shall_v not_o be_v use_v question_n and_o difference_n will_v arise_v and_o there_o will_v be_v no_o law_n or_o rule_n find_v to_o settle_v they_o which_o will_v be_v a_o very_a pernicious_a thing_n so_o that_o be_v the_o authority_n of_o the_o civil_a law_n foreign_a which_o it_o can_v be_v except_o it_o be_v impose_v upon_o we_o by_o some_o other_o nation_n or_o people_n or_o be_v it_o that_o it_o be_v of_o no_o authority_n at_o all_o but_o what_o the_o necessary_a assent_n of_o our_o own_o natural_a reason_n and_o the_o consent_n of_o nation_n give_v it_o yet_o it_o be_v strange_a that_o we_o shall_v rather_o choose_v to_o have_v no_o law_n at_o all_o in_o those_o matter_n then_o to_o receive_v or_o entertain_v the_o same_o for_o a_o help_n to_o direct_v our_o judgement_n in_o they_o it_o be_v then_o so_o necessary_a a_o law_n that_o but_o by_o the_o knowledge_n and_o conduct_n thereof_o foreign_a affair_n can_v possible_o be_v carry_v on_o and_o there_o will_v be_v a_o manifest_a failer_z of_o justice_n in_o other_o matter_n at_o home_n without_o it_o the_o suppose_a inconvenience_n of_o have_v two_o law_n in_o one_o and_o the_o same_o nation_n so_o much_o urge_v against_o it_o will_v appear_v to_o be_v a_o very_a slender_a and_o inconsiderable_a thing_n for_o how_o can_v that_o inconvenience_n hurt_v we_o more_o than_o it_o do_v other_o nation_n that_o have_v municipal_a law_n of_o their_o own_o and_o yet_o do_v keep_v the_o civil_a law_n too_o beside_o it_o be_v so_o far_o from_o be_v a_o inconvenience_n that_o it_o be_v both_o a_o benefit_n and_o a_o honour_n to_o a_o people_n to_o abound_v in_o justice_n and_o to_o have_v it_o rather_o supply_v by_o two_o law_n then_o to_o fail_v in_o the_o do_v thereof_o by_o have_v but_o one_o and_o though_o where_o there_o be_v two_o law_n and_o two_o distinct_a profession_n of_o they_o in_o one_o state_n if_o the_o matter_n and_o cause_n whereof_o they_o be_v several_o allow_v the_o cognizance_n be_v not_o certain_o assign_v to_o each_o that_o the_o one_o may_v not_o enterfire_o with_o the_o other_o there_o may_v arise_v a_o confusion_n of_o jurisdiction_n and_o the_o subject_n will_v be_v uncertain_a whither_o to_o go_v for_o justice_n and_o may_v be_v in_o danger_n to_o be_v molest_v by_o both_o court_n for_o one_o and_o the_o same_o thing_n which_o be_v a_o intolerable_a mischief_n 6._o mischief_n gravius_n privatorum_fw-la damno_fw-la peccatur_fw-la eùm_fw-la inter_fw-la summos_fw-la magistratus_fw-la curiasve_fw-la majores_fw-la de_fw-la imperio_fw-la certatur_fw-la bodin_n de_fw-fr rep_n lib._n 3._o ca._n 6._o yet_o the_o court_n of_o the_o civil_a law_n have_v always_o have_v their_o limit_n particular_o prescribe_v they_o and_o the_o cause_n within_o their_o cognisance_n punctual_o set_v down_o and_o if_o they_o hold_v plea_n of_o any_o thing_n else_o there_o be_v a_o know_a remedy_n to_o be_v have_v to_o stop_v they_o by_o bring_v prohibition_n from_o the_o common-law_n which_o be_v never_o so_o soon_o ask_v as_o grant_v but_o if_o the_o common-law_n court_n shall_v draw_v to_o their_o examination_n such_o matter_n as_o do_v proper_o belong_v to_o the_o civil_a as_o they_o have_v do_v too_o often_o or_o do_v prohibit_v the_o civil_a from_o proceed_v where_o they_o know_v they_o can_v do_v no_o right_a nor_o give_v any_o relief_n themselves_o as_o in_o the_o business_n of_o allot_v portion_n among_o the_o deceaseds_n kindred_n which_o they_o never_o do_v nor_o can_v do_v nor_o will_v suffer_v the_o civil_a law_n court_v to_o do_v it_o neither_o this_o a_o heavy_a vexation_n but_o the_o blame_n must_v lie_v upon_o they_o but_o to_o be_v sure_a while_o there_o be_v such_o a_o correct_a hand_n over_o the_o court_n of_o the_o civil_a law_n there_o be_v little_a ground_n of_o fear_n that_o they_o can_v trouble_v or_o molest_v the_o people_n further_o than_o their_o just_a power_n do_v authorise_v they_o which_o may_v be_v sufficient_a also_o to_o remove_v 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and_o custom_n of_o england_n be_v much_o more_o secure_a from_o be_v invade_v and_o encroach_v upon_o when_o not_o only_o the_o law_n be_v distinct_a but_o there_o be_v a_o distinct_a profession_n thereof_o also_o from_o the_o civil_a law_n that_o bear_v a_o watchful_a eye_n towards_o its_o own_o greatness_n and_o which_o be_v more_o that_o have_v a_o control_a power_n and_o as_o it_o be_v a_o sovereignty_n over_o the_o other_o beside_o the_o very_a principle_n of_o the_o civil_a law_n do_v run_v clean_o counter_a to_o any_o such_o design_n it_o be_v a_o express_a maxim_n in_o that_o law_n that_o the_o municipal_a law_n and_o custom_n of_o any_o state_n for_o what_o concern_v those_o that_o be_v subject_a to_o it_o aught_o to_o be_v prefer_v before_o any_o more_o universal_a law_n that_o be_v to_o the_o contrary_n lex_fw-la municipalis_fw-la sive_fw-la consuetudo_fw-la juri_fw-la communi_fw-la derogat_fw-la 2._o derogat_fw-la gail_n ob_n lib._n 2._o ob_n 124._o nu_fw-la 2._o lex_fw-la cujusque_fw-la loci_fw-la inspicienda_fw-la est_fw-la sive_fw-la scripta_fw-la sit_fw-la sive_fw-la non_fw-la trinit_fw-la non_fw-la gl._n in_o l._n 5._o parag_n 1._o dig._n de_fw-fr jur_fw-fr immunit_fw-la verb._n legem_fw-la tam_fw-la in_o decidendis_fw-la litigantium_fw-la controversiis_fw-la be_v qui_fw-la jurisdictioni_fw-la praeest_fw-la consuetudines_fw-la loci_fw-la in_fw-la quo_fw-la contractum_fw-la est_fw-la observare_fw-la debet_fw-la quà m_fw-la in_o delictorum_fw-la punitione_n ejus_fw-la loci_fw-la consuetudinem_fw-la in_fw-la quo_fw-la peccatum_fw-la est_fw-la sequi_fw-la tenetur_fw-la l._n si_fw-la sundus_fw-la dig._n the_o evict_a doct._n in_o l._n cunctos_fw-la co._n de_fw-fr sum_n trinit_fw-la and_o as_o i_o have_v say_v before_o often_o so_o i_o must_v inculcate_v it_o here_o still_o the_o civil_a law_n where_o ever_o it_o be_v admit_v it_o come_v without_o the_o least_o prejudice_n to_o any_o either_o law_n custom_n or_o government_n nor_o alter_v any_o
thing_n but_o be_v a_o auxiliary_a supplement_n or_o a_o knowledge_n assist_v in_o the_o administration_n of_o right_n and_o justice_n both_o to_o subject_n and_o between_o nation_n and_o nation_n where_o there_o be_v no_o municipal_a law_n in_o the_o case_n or_o where_o it_o be_v imperfect_a and_o obscure_a or_o where_o a_o local_a law_n be_v of_o no_o authority_n at_o all_o in_o the_o one_o it_o supply_v in_o the_o other_o it_o interpret_v in_o the_o last_o it_o moderate_v as_o a_o most_o indifferent_a umpire_n so_o that_o of_o these_o two_o law_n the_o proper_a office_n and_o function_n be_v without_o draw_v several_a way_n and_o clash_v one_o against_o another_o or_o question_v each_o other_o power_n sweet_o to_o join_v both_o in_o that_o most_o excellent_a and_o divine_a work_n of_o justice_n which_o may_v render_v the_o people_n of_o this_o nation_n most_o quiet_a within_o themselves_o and_o honourable_o esteem_v by_o other_o but_o last_o there_o be_v a_o strange_a conceit_n 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so_o that_o it_o shall_v rather_o seem_v they_o be_v so_o far_o from_o be_v inseparable_a that_o to_o entertain_v the_o one_o be_v the_o only_a mean_n to_o shut_v out_o the_o other_o and_o indeed_o the_o canon_n law_n be_v unnecessary_a where_o the_o civil_a be_v in_o use_n for_o it_o be_v well_o know_v that_o the_o latter_a roman_a emperor_n do_v princip_n do_v bilson_n a_o bishop_n of_o our_o church_n do_v defend_v justinian_n and_o the_o other_o emperor_n and_o all_o prince_n in_o so_o do_v christian_n subject_a part_n 2._o circa_fw-la princip_n as_o they_o may_v just_o do_v make_v divers_a and_o sundry_a law_n from_o time_n to_o time_n for_o the_o order_n and_o regulate_v of_o eccesiastical_a matter_n and_o ecclesiastical_a man_n as_o be_v evident_a by_o divers_a title_n in_o the_o code_n de_fw-fr summa_fw-la trinitate_fw-la &_o fide_fw-la catholica_fw-la de_fw-fr sacrosanctis_fw-la ecclesiis_fw-la de_fw-fr episcopis_fw-la &_o clericis_fw-la de_fw-fr haereticis_fw-la ne_fw-la sanctum_fw-la baptisma_fw-la iteretur_fw-la de_fw-fr apostatis_fw-la de_fw-fr judaeis_n &_o coelicolis_fw-la de_fw-fr bis_fw-la qui_fw-la ad_fw-la ecclesias_fw-la confugiunt_fw-la and_o the_o like_a and_o it_o be_v as_o certain_a that_o 790._o that_o as_o may_v be_v see_v in_o the_o history_n of_o the_o council_n of_o trent_n lib._n 4._o fol_z 332_o 333._o and_o lib._n 7._o foe_n 790._o there_o be_v a_o multitude_n of_o thing_n which_o the_o pope_n and_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n have_v take_v upon_o they_o to_o order_n and_o make_v canon_n in_o in_fw-la ordine_fw-la ad_fw-la spiritualia_fw-la in_o order_n to_o the_o spiritual_a welfare_n of_o man_n soul_n as_o they_o pretend_v which_o be_v temporal_a and_o matter_n of_o civil_a intercourse_n between_o man_n and_o man_n as_o may_v be_v see_v in_o these_o title_n de_fw-fr pactis_fw-la de_fw-fr precario_fw-la de_fw-fr commodate_v de_fw-fr deposito_fw-la de_fw-fr emptione_n &_o venditione_n de_fw-fr locato_fw-la &_o conducto_fw-la 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honour_n of_o the_o church_n the_o jurisdiction_n in_o they_o have_v be_v grant_v unto_o spiritual_a man_n but_o that_o have_v proceed_v rather_o from_o the_o favour_n of_o prince_n then_o from_o the_o med_n the_o bishop_n bilson_n say_v that_o the_o pope_n decree_n judgement_n and_o execution_n in_o these_o case_n if_o claim_v from_o christ_n as_o thing_n spiritual_a and_o not_o grant_v by_o caesar_n be_v but_o open_a invasion_n of_o prince_n right_n call_v those_o thing_n spiritual_a which_o indeed_o be_v civil_a and_o temporal_a christian_n subject_a part_n 2._o circa_fw-la med_n nature_n of_o the_o thing_n themselves_o and_o whosoever_o do_v take_v a_o survey_n of_o the_o canon_n law_n in_o the_o title_n above_o mention_v and_o in_o divers_a other_o he_o shall_v find_v it_o most_o take_v out_o and_o speak_v the_o very_a language_n of_o the_o civil_a law_n and_o so_o much_o be_v note_v and_o observe_v all_o along_o by_o the_o very_a gloss_n and_o canonist_n themselves_o so_o that_o hereby_o the_o canon_n law_n appear_v to_o be_v
of_o little_a use_n when_o for_o the_o order_n of_o those_o matter_n we_o may_v be_v supply_v from_o the_o fountain_n itself_o from_o whence_o the_o canon_n law_n have_v get_v it_o but_o suppose_v there_o be_v such_o a_o necessary_a concomitancy_n between_o these_o two_o law_n and_o that_o the_o use_n and_o practice_v of_o the_o one_o will_v be_v a_o sure_a inlet_n to_o the_o other_o as_o some_o do_v too_o fond_o imagine_v do_v it_o therefore_o follow_v that_o the_o error_n and_o superstition_n of_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n must_v needs_o creep_v in_o too_o no_o more_o sure_o than_o it_o follow_v that_o because_o the_o old_a law_n that_o be_v full_a of_o jewish_a right_n and_o ceremony_n be_v join_v to_o the_o gospel_n and_o that_o we_o read_v both_o together_o we_o must_v therefore_o present_o all_o become_v jew_n and_o thus_o have_v satisfy_v all_o scruple_n that_o be_v usual_o make_v against_o the_o continue_a the_o civil_a law_n within_o this_o nation_n i_o shall_v but_o shut_v 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it_o be_v as_o handmaid_n and_o servant_n and_o all_o for_o the_o direct_n of_o man_n and_o nation_n how_o they_o shall_v deal_v honest_o and_o upright_o with_o one_o another_o see_v also_o that_o our_o very_a martial_a affair_n can_v proceed_v well_o nor_o be_v right_o regulate_v without_o it_o and_o that_o those_o nation_n who_o we_o have_v most_o deal_n and_o intercourse_n withal_o and_o to_o who_o we_o shall_v despise_v to_o be_v any_o whit_n inferior_a do_v not_o only_o keep_v it_o but_o also_o have_v no_o other_o profession_n of_o law_n beside_o it_o and_o do_v think_v their_o own_o private_a law_n to_o be_v very_o insufficient_a and_o lame_a without_o it_o and_o that_o divers_a matter_n and_o cause_n among_o ourselves_o will_v remain_v without_o any_o law_n at_o all_o except_o the_o civil_a law_n be_v keep_v to_o order_v they_o as_o it_o do_v before_o last_o when_o the_o civil_a law_n come_v to_o help_v and_o assist_v and_o not_o to_o infringe_v or_o take_v away_o from_o the_o municipal_a law_n at_o all_o if_o we_o shall_v now_o abandon_v it_o and_o cast_v it_o out_o of_o our_o coast_n or_o which_o be_v all_o one_o if_o we_o shall_v reward_v and_o encourage_v it_o so_o slender_o that_o no_o man_n will_v either_o think_v it_o worth_a his_o pain_n to_o study_v or_o his_o cost_n to_o take_v any_o degree_n in_o it_o to_o which_o pass_v it_o be_v most_o visible_o come_v already_o i_o say_v if_o we_o shall_v still_o thus_o neglect_v or_o despise_v it_o either_o way_n we_o shall_v not_o only_o set_v light_n by_o the_o policy_n and_o wisdom_n of_o the_o roman_n which_o all_o other_o people_n be_v studious_a to_o imitate_v and_o come_v as_o near_o as_o possible_o they_o can_v but_o we_o shall_v also_o deprive_v ourselves_o of_o one_o excellent_a mean_n to_o improve_v our_o knowledge_n and_o reason_n by_o our_o justice_n without_o it_o be_v guide_v by_o illiterate_a and_o irrational_a principle_n will_v be_v less_o satisfactory_a to_o the_o people_n our_o skill_n in_o the_o discipline_n of_o war_n and_o in_o the_o law_n of_o arm_n will_v be_v very_o defective_a the_o very_a harmony_n of_o learning_n that_o have_v so_o long_o flourish_v among_o we_o will_v be_v dissolve_v when_o so_o considerable_a a_o part_n as_o the_o civil_a law_n be_v break_v off_o from_o it_o other_o nation_n will_v grow_v too_o wise_a and_o subtle_a for_o we_o and_o will_v turn_v and_o wind_v we_o as_o they_o lift_v and_o our_o justice_n at_o home_n will_v be_v lame_v not_o be_v competent_a enough_o for_o the_o matter_n we_o deal_v in_o the_o consequence_n of_o all_o which_o will_v be_v mischief_n at_o home_n and_o dishonour_v abroad_o which_o all_o good_a patriot_n and_o lover_n of_o their_o country_n will_v lament_v to_o see_v a_o index_n of_o the_o principal_a matter_n contain_v in_o this_o book_n a_o have_v and_o science_n have_v their_o beginning_n grow_a fall_a and_o rise_v again_o fol._n 50_o argument_n draw_v from_o like_a case_n be_v unsufficient_a fol._n 41_o admiralty_n court_n proper_a to_o be_v manage_v by_o civilian_n only_o fol._n 148_o athens_n be_v the_o place_n from_o whence_o the_o civil_a law_n first_o come_v fol._n 29_o 103_o b_o business_n of_o other_o man_n if_o i_o expend_v any_o money_n or_o care_n upon_o though_o without_o their_o privity_n the_o civil_a law_n will_v see_v i_o satisfy_v fol._n 90_o book_n of_o the_o roman_a law_n when_o and_o where_o find_v after_o that_o learning_n have_v lie_v neglect_v a_o long_a time_n fol._n 122_o barbarism_n will_v be_v let_v in_o where_o the_o civil_a law_n be_v expel_v fol._n 134_o book_n of_o the_o roman_a law_n that_o be_v before_o justinian_o collection_n after_o that_o come_v forth_o be_v quite_o lose_v fol._n 121_o c_z child_n if_o no_o disposition_n at_o all_o be_v make_v by_o the_o father_n do_v equal_o divide_v the_o whole_a estate_n between_o they_o by_o the_o civil_a law_n fol._n 15._o enjoin_v so_o to_o reverence_v their_o parent_n that_o they_o can_v not_o sue_v they_o without_o leave_n nor_o be_v witness_n against_o they_o nor_o marry_v without_o their_o consent_n nor_o charge_v they_o with_o any_o criminal_a act_n fol._n 11_o collusion_n odious_a by_o the_o civil_a law_n and_o make_v the_o act_n void_a fol._n 13_o the_o civil_a law_n agreeable_a not_o only_o to_o the_o first_o principle_n of_o nature_n but_o also_o to_o other_o never_o so_o much_o remote_a fol._n 21._o make_v to_o rule_v the_o mighty_a empire_n that_o ever_o be_v and_o since_o propagate_v to_o other_o nation_n 29._o and_o how_o it_o come_v so_o 30._o it_o teach_v man_n to_o be_v virtuous_a and_o innocent_a 48._o though_o sometime_o in_o obscurity_n yet_o never_o to_o be_v quite_o lose_v 50._o it_o handle_v public_a matter_n very_o spare_o 52._o custom_n must_v agree_v with_o reason_n 36._o custom_n be_v more_o acceptable_a to_o the_o people_n than_o law_n be_v ibid._n case_n common_o all_o differ_v from_o one_o another_o fol._n 41_o the_o civil_a law_n contain_v the_o whole_a reason_n of_o man_n both_o private_a politic_a and_o that_o of_o nation_n 53_o 63._o it_o run_v more_o in_o a_o convince_a than_o command_v style_n 65._o most_o conformable_a to_o the_o divine_a and_o eternal_a law_n 66._o grow_v to_o be_v the_o common_a authority_n to_o justify_v or_o condemn_v humane_a action_n 67._o it_o avoid_v nicety_n and_o follow_v the_o true_a intent_n only_o 67._o it_o will_v not_o allow_v of_o some_o thing_n because_o they_o be_v not_o worthy_a nor_o honourable_a though_o otherwise_o lawful_a 70._o it_o be_v full_a of_o clemency_n &_o mildness_n 71._o it_o prefer_v equity_n before_o rigour_n 78._o all_o person_n of_o what_o condition_n soever_o may_v read_v their_o duty_n in_o it_o 93._o the_o fundamental_o thereof_o fetch_v from_o other_o state_n the_o best_a govern_v that_o then_o be_v fol._n 103._o 29_o civil_a law_n how_o it_o may_v be_v admit_v into_o england_n without_o any_o inconvenience_n fol._n 108_o civil_a law_n almost_o destroy_v when_o the_o roman_a empire_n be_v invade_v by_o barbarous_a people_n 114._o 116._o the_o first_o book_n thereof_o be_v lose_v do_v much_o hurt_n and_o injury_n to_o those_o that_o we_o have_v now_o be_v but_o a_o extract_n of_o they_o 121_o many_o of_o the_o book_n thereof_o to_o a_o infinite_a number_n perish_v and_o be_v lose_v by_o the_o sad_a fate_n that_o befall_v rome_n berytus_n and_o constantinople_n 122._o yet_o under_o lotharius_n the_o emperor_n it_o be_v again_o restore_v ib._n and_o afterward_o grow_v so_o great_a that_o other_o learning_n be_v neglect_v and_o all_o do_v study_v that_o only_o 123._o the_o edict_n of_o prince_n how_o severe_a soever_o be_v not_o able_a to_o suppress_v it_o 124._o no_o where_o so_o much_o in_o use_n as_o in_o spain_n and_o france_n though_o they_o have_v both_o make_v sharp_a
decree_n against_o it_o 130._o how_o it_o come_v into_o that_o form_n order_n and_o method_n which_o now_o we_o see_v it_o in_o 167._o what_o a_o multitude_n of_o writer_n there_o be_v in_o the_o be_v law_n fol._n 170_o civil_a law_n be_v not_o proper_a to_o govern_v every_o state_n by_o fol._n 140._o 51_o city_n three_o above_o all_o other_o most_o famous_a for_o the_o study_n of_o the_o civil_a law_n rome_n berytus_n &_o constantinope_n fol._n 122_o civil_a law_n have_v not_o of_o itself_o any_o authoritative_a force_n to_o bind_v as_o a_o law_n in_o any_o nation_n but_o be_v and_o must_v be_v of_o force_v every_o where_o as_o it_o contain_v true_a and_o solid_a reason_n to_o which_o all_o man_n be_v to_o submit_v fol._n 126._o 138._o 157_o case_n that_o do_v happen_v be_v to_o be_v all_o settle_a by_o some_o rule_n or_o other_o fol._n 145_o civil_a law_n perfect_v as_o it_o be_v at_o this_o day_n very_o sufficient_a to_o resolve_v all_o case_n that_o can_v happen_v 15._o 53._o 147._o 155_o 171._o and_o be_v the_o true_a art_n and_o science_n of_o law_n fol._n 166_o canon_n law_n and_o civil_a law_n have_v be_v at_o variance_n which_o shall_v spread_v most_o 163._o 185._o yet_o both_o of_o they_o have_v be_v admit_v by_o prince_n for_o several_a use_n 125._o 185._o that_o they_o be_v not_o inseparable_a as_o some_o do_v imagine_v 184._o canon_n law_n be_v but_o the_o civil_a law_n apply_v to_o the_o use_n of_o the_o church_n and_o church_n matter_n and_o be_v in_o most_o thing_n the_o same_o with_o the_o civil_a 163._o 186_o order_n divers_a thing_n mere_o temporal_a under_o pretence_n of_o be_v spiritual_a fol._n 186_o cause_n that_o be_v try_v by_o the_o civil_a law_n before_o the_o government_n change_v why_o they_o shall_v be_v try_v by_o the_o same_o law_n still_o 178._o and_o in_o the_o epistle_n d_o defence_n legal_a ought_v not_o even_o in_o capital_a matter_n be_v deny_v a_o subject_n against_o his_o king_n fol._n 7_o dead_a body_n not_o to_o be_v arrest_v nor_o touch_v in_o their_o grave_n fol._n 80_o e_z exarchate_v of_o ravenna_n after_o constantinople_n be_v the_o seat_n of_o the_o empire_n be_v still_o govern_v by_o the_o civil_a law_n fol._n 118_o england_n have_v the_o civil_a law_n read_v public_o in_o it_o as_o soon_o as_o it_o be_v rester_v in_o italy_n by_o lotharius_n fol._n 125_o ecclesiastical_a man_n and_o ecclesiastical_a matter_n have_v be_v and_o may_v be_v regulate_v by_o temporal_a prince_n fol._n 186._o 162_o ecclesiastical_a man_n have_v through_o favour_n of_o prince_n rather_o than_o of_o right_a be_v suffer_v to_o order_v some_o cause_n which_o be_v mere_o temporal_a fol._n 186_o f_o fraud_n so_o detest_v by_o the_o civil_a law_n that_o sometime_o it_o do_v dissolve_v the_o whole_a bargain_n sometime_o it_o do_v enjoin_v the_o whole_a true_a value_n to_o be_v pay_v where_o one_o be_v deceive_v in_o more_o than_o half_a the_o worth_n 12._o never_o suffer_v to_o bring_v any_o advantage_n to_o the_o deceiver_n or_o to_o any_o one_o else_o 13._o most_o detestable_a in_o those_o that_o the_o law_n do_v most_o privilege_n when_o deceive_v fol._n 13_o foreign_a state_n not_o to_o be_v judge_v by_o municipal_a law_n fol._n 146_o foreign_a state_n why_o they_o do_v judge_v so_o much_o by_o the_o rule_n of_o the_o civil_a law_n fol._n 153_o g_z great_a man_n be_v not_o suffer_v to_o assume_v or_o protect_v the_o controversy_n or_o litigious_a suit_n of_o other_o fol._n 62_o guardian_n may_v husband_n but_o not_o sell_v the_o estate_n of_o their_o pupil_n fol._n 106_o government_n be_v at_o first_o without_o any_o law_n at_o all_o fol._n 110_o government_n be_v change_v the_o law_n seldom_o remain_v the_o same_o fol._n 116_o government_n howsoever_o change_v yet_o the_o civil_a law_n be_v of_o use_n fol._n 157._o 176_o i_o ingratitude_n do_v make_v a_o free_a gift_n revocable_a from_o he_o that_o be_v ungrateful_a fol._n 84_o italy_n be_v seven_o time_n bring_v almost_o to_o utter_v desolation_n in_o less_o than_o eighty_o year_n fol._n 114_o justinian_o body_n of_o the_o law_n be_v compile_v at_o constantinople_n and_o keep_v out_o of_o italy_n 500_o year_n together_o 118._o but_o prevail_v altogether_o in_o the_o east_n ibid._n italy_n when_o it_o be_v possess_v by_o the_o goth_n and_o lombard_n some_o part_n of_o the_o civil_a law_n be_v in_o use_n there_o still_o fol._n 119_o justinian_n be_v by_o sum_n make_v instrumental_a in_o suppress_v the_o old_a book_n of_o the_o roman_a law_n after_o his_o collection_n be_v finish_v but_o without_o just_a ground_n fol._n 121_o k_o kill_v in_o one_o own_o defence_n ought_v to_o receive_v no_o punishment_n 6._o nor_o kill_v by_o chance_n ibid._n a_o king_n by_o the_o civil_a law_n be_v no_o more_o absolve_v from_o the_o observation_n of_o the_o law_n nor_o have_v any_o loose_a power_n over_o the_o life_n liberty_n or_o good_n of_o his_o subject_n then_o by_o other_o law_n fol._n 19_o king_n be_v drive_v out_o of_o rome_n their_o law_n be_v never_o in_o use_n more_o fol._n 103_o l_o law_n what_o property_n it_o ought_v to_o have_v and_o that_o chief_o it_o ought_v to_o agree_v with_o reason_n 1.2_o &_o seq_n 46._o it_o be_v but_o a_o determination_n of_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n 4._o it_o must_v not_o only_o not_o cross_v the_o first_o and_o chief_a principle_n of_o nature_n but_o not_o such_o neither_o as_o be_v any_o way_n though_o remote_o depend_v on_o they_o 8._o to_o be_v fair_o and_o candid_o interpret_v and_o without_o any_o fraud_n 13._o may_v profitable_o contain_v the_o very_a maxim_n of_o reason_n 21._o common_a capacity_n no_o good_a judge_n of_o law_n 25._o and_o who_o be_v and_o what_o must_v be_v consider_v to_o judge_v right_o of_o they_o ibid._n the_o severity_n of_o they_o to_o be_v impute_v to_o the_o demerit_n of_o man_n 26._o though_o not_o so_o rational_a as_o other_o subject_n must_v acquitss_n in_o they_o till_o they_o be_v alter_v fol._n 31_o law_n of_o nation_n be_v that_o which_o order_v all_o affair_n between_o nation_n and_o nation_n 59_o to_o be_v know_v out_o of_o the_o civil_a law_n fol._n 61_o law_n of_o the_o twelve_o table_n the_o groundwork_n and_o foundation_n of_o the_o civil_a law_n fol._n 104_o law_n of_o all_o other_o nation_n be_v go_v and_o extinct_a with_o the_o state_n themselves_o except_v the_o roman_a fol._n 110_o law_n of_o some_o people_n more_o famous_a than_o other_o fol._n 111_o lotharius_n the_o emperor_n be_v the_o restorer_n of_o the_o civil_a law_n when_o it_o be_v as_o it_o be_v extinct_a in_o europe_n fol._n 122_o law_n foreign_a not_o to_o be_v prefer_v before_o the_o proper_a law_n of_o the_o country_n fol._n 125._o 140._o 144_o law_n of_o no_o nation_n so_o sufficient_a but_o that_o another_o law_n be_v needful_a fol._n 128._o 144._o 154_o law_n of_o government_n proper_a for_o the_o state_n itself_o be_v necessary_a in_o every_o nation_n fol._n 129._o 140_o law_n of_o all_o nation_n too_o imperfect_a for_o the_o multitude_n of_o case_n that_o do_v happen_v fol._n 52._o 144._o 145_o law_n not_o to_o be_v measure_v by_o their_o abuse_n or_o execution_n fol._n 28_o legal_a matter_n be_v to_o be_v judge_v by_o lawyer_n only_o fol._n 25._o 151_o lawyer_n none_o in_o foreign_a part_n but_o civilian_n fol._n 152_o lawyer_n of_o the_o latter_a age_n more_o learned_a than_o those_o before_o they_o fol._n 160_o two_o law_n in_o one_o state_n not_o inconvenient_a fol._n 120._o 154._o 182_o m_n municipal_a law_n must_v be_v in_o every_o nation_n 129._o 140._o and_o they_o to_o be_v prefer_v before_o any_o other_o law_n or_o reason_n fol._n 103._o 125._o 140._o 143._o 144_o municipal_a law_n be_v too_o short_a and_o scanty_a to_o take_v in_o all_o case_n that_o do_v arise_v fol._n 144_o merchant_n no_o fit_a judge_n to_o try_v and_o decide_v sea_n cause_n fol._n 148_o man_n how_o much_o they_o differ_v in_o their_o temper_n and_o so_o in_o their_o action_n fol._n 25._o 41._o 53._o 145_o monarchy_n be_v no_o loose_a government_n than_o any_o other_o fol._n 19_o military_a question_n to_o be_v regulate_v by_o the_o civil_a law_n in_o the_o epistle_n municipal_a law_n have_v no_o degree_n take_v nor_o lecture_n read_v in_o they_o any_o where_o but_o in_o england_n 152._o 153._o all_o that_o be_v good_a in_o they_o be_v take_v out_o of_o the_o civil_a law_n fol._n 98._o 164._o n_o nation_n not_o so_o abound_v in_o all_o thing_n but_o that_o they_o do_v or_o may_v stand_v in_o need_n one_o of_o another_o fol._n 155_o nation_n abroad_o do_v main_o practice_v the_o civil_a law_n in_o matter_n between_o man_n and_o man_n fol._n 128._o 133._o 159_o nation_n abroad_o be_v best_a satisfy_v by_o justice_n do_v according_a to_o the_o rule_n
of_o the_o civil_a law_n fol._n 134_o nation_n in_o their_o deal_n with_o one_o another_o must_v have_v some_o common_a law_n to_o guide_v they_o fol._n 59_o 146._o 155_o national_a difference_n not_o to_o be_v debate_v but_o by_o the_o law_n of_o nation_n and_o the_o reason_n of_o the_o civil_a law_n in_o the_o epist_n and_o fol._n 65._o natural_a law_n can_v be_v repeal_v fol._n 49._o 174_o o_o offence_n though_o the_o same_o may_v be_v punish_v with_o more_o severity_n in_o one_o state_n then_o in_o another_o fol._n 26_o p_o parent_n can_v not_o give_v away_o nor_o forfeit_v their_o whole_a estate_n from_o their_o child_n by_o the_o civil_a law_n except_o in_o case_n of_o treason_n fol._n 9_o proceed_n legal_a how_o rational_o order_v by_o the_o civil_a law_n fol._n 15_o precedent_n or_o example_n no_o rule_n to_o judge_v by_o fol._n 38._o 65_o promise_n if_o serious_a though_o without_o consideration_n be_v to_o be_v perform_v by_o civil_a law_n fol._n 87_o pope_n of_o rome_n do_v make_v edict_n against_o the_o civil_a law_n thereby_o to_o advance_v the_o canon_n law_n the_o better_a 124._o yet_o he_o do_v make_v use_n of_o the_o civil_a law_n fol._n 163_o parent_n be_v bind_v to_o leave_v a_o certain_a part_n of_o their_o estate_n to_o their_o child_n fol._n 9_o 141_o penalty_n add_v to_o law_n argue_v the_o power_n but_o not_o the_o justness_n of_o they_o fol._n 158_o punishment_n for_o the_o same_o offence_n may_v just_o be_v great_a in_o one_o place_n then_o in_o anothe_n fol._n 26_o r_n reason_n be_v give_v to_o be_v man_n guide_n in_o all_o his_o action_n 2._o it_o be_v a_o beam_n of_o the_o divine_a light_n 5._o the_o principle_n thereof_o all_o of_o they_o not_o to_o be_v discern_v by_o all_o 21._o be_v sometime_o cover_v with_o falsehood_n and_o be_v much_o darken_v by_o other_o natural_a corruption_n 23._o not_o a_o more_o deceitful_a thing_n than_o it_o 24._o then_o most_o evident_a when_o general_o allow_v by_o all_o 30._o not_o so_o requisite_a in_o public_a law_n as_o in_o private_a 33._o private_a politic_a and_o that_o of_o nation_n to_o be_v gather_v out_o of_o the_o civil_a law_n fol._n 53_o rome_n greatness_n and_o flourish_a do_v demonstrate_v the_o excellency_n of_o the_o law_n wherewith_o it_o be_v govern_v fol._n 98_o rome_n be_v as_o it_o be_v the_o city_n of_o the_o whole_a world_n fol._n 98_o rome_n greatness_n to_o be_v impute_v rather_o to_o their_o law_n then_o arms._n fol._n 99_o roman_n very_a greedy_a of_o honour_n in_o pursuit_n whereof_o they_o do_v many_o gallant_a act_n and_o especial_o make_v such_o good_a law_n as_o they_o do_v fol._n 100_o rome_n universal_a rule_n a_o special_a design_n of_o god_n for_o the_o good_a of_o man_n which_o be_v the_o cause_n that_o christ_n be_v bear_v under_o that_o government_n fol._n 102_o roman_n when_o they_o conquer_v a_o nation_n do_v not_o disdain_v to_o take_v such_o law_n from_o they_o as_o they_o find_v to_o be_v very_o honest_a and_o rational_a fol._n 107_o roman_a emperor_n some_o favourable_a to_o the_o civil_a law_n other_o bitter_a enemy_n against_o it_o and_o the_o professor_n of_o it_o fol._n 112_o robbery_n in_o the_o highway_n or_o at_o sea_n or_o with_o burglary_n punish_v by_o death_n at_o civil_a law_n fol._n 142_o roman_a antiquity_n will_v have_v be_v better_o know_v if_o the_o old_a book_n of_o the_o roman_a law_n have_v be_v preserve_v fol._n 121_o reason_n vulgar_a and_o ordinary_a not_o suffient_fw-la to_o judge_n of_o legal_a matter_n fol._n 147._o 154_o roman_n through_o their_o universal_a sovereignty_n deal_v in_o great_a variety_n of_o business_n than_o any_o nation_n fol._n 52._o 155_o rome_n come_v under_o several_a form_n of_o government_n and_o you_o some_o part_n of_o the_o civil_a law_n be_v under_o all_o of_o they_o fol._n 157_o ransom_n pay_v for_o another_o though_o without_o his_o direction_n be_v recoverable_a from_o he_o fol._n 91_o roman_a law_n do_v only_o carry_v away_o the_o name_n of_o the_o civil_a law_n fol._n 166_o s_n society_n civil_a what_o the_o benefit_n thereof_o be_v fol._n 56_o succession_n to_o intestates_fw-la good_n how_o regulate_v by_o the_o civil_a law_n fol._n 84_o stoppage_n be_v a_o allow_a way_n of_o payment_n at_o civil_a law_n fol._n 89_o ship_n or_o good_n when_v save_v by_o the_o pain_n or_o loss_n of_o another_o the_o law_n will_v allow_v savage_a or_o other_o recompense_n for_o it_o fol._n 90_o slavery_n and_o servitude_n out_o of_o use_n among_o christian_n fol._n 143_o sea_n matter_n to_o be_v judge_v and_o try_v by_o civilian_n only_o fol._n 148_o t_n torture_n as_o it_o be_v allow_v by_o civil_a law_n justify_v fol._n 72_o these_o by_o civil_a law_n punish_v by_o pecuniary_a satisfaction_n fol._n 142_o five_o university_n of_o england_n why_o they_o practise_v the_o civil_a law_n fol._n 161_o university_n of_o the_o world_n teach_v no_o other_o nor_o give_v degree_n in_o any_o other_o law_n but_o the_o civil_a law_n fol._n 152._o 153._o 172._o w_n wreck_n by_o the_o civil_a law_n restore_v to_o the_o owner_n and_o go_v not_o to_o the_o king_n fol._n 21._o errata_fw-la the_o reader_n be_v first_o desire_v to_o take_v notice_n that_o the_o printer_n by_o the_o absence_n of_o the_o author_n and_o be_v not_o acquaint_v with_o the_o quotation_n of_o civil_a law_n have_v from_o fol._n 4_o to_o fol._n 23._o in_o divers_a place_n in_o the_o margin_n erroneous_o set_v down_o the_o book_n for_o the_o law_n print_v lib._n instead_o of_o l._n which_o stand_v for_o league_n when_o therefore_o the_o law_n be_v quote_v out_o of_o the_o digest_v or_o code_n within_o that_o compass_n instead_o of_o lib._n read_v l._n as_o in_o fol._n 4._o in_o the_o margin_n litt_v l._n for_o lib._n 1._o r._n l._n 1._o fol._n 4._o in_o the_o mark_fw-mi litt_v n._n for_o minfinus_n r._n mince_v fol._n 19_o lin_v 24._o rigorem_fw-la r._n vigorem_fw-la l._n 33._o for_o be_v not_o so_o r._n be_v not_o to_o be_v fol._n 20._o l._n 22._o for_o rule_n r._n ruler_n fol._n 71._o in_o the_o mangent_fw-la litt_v r._n for_o lib._n 57_o r._n l._n 57_o fol._n 75._o l._n 10._o for_o need_n not_o r._n l_o need_v not_o fol._n 158._o l._n 20._o for_o they_o r._n it_o fol._n 175._o l._n 33._o for_o natural_a r._n unnatwal_a fol._n 181._o l._n 16._o for_o as_o r._n we_o the_o end_n