vox_fw-la plebis_fw-la or_o the_o people_n outcry_n against_o oppression_n injustice_n and_o tyranny_n wherein_o the_o liberty_n of_o the_o subject_n be_v assert_v magna_fw-la charta_fw-la brief_o but_o pithy_o expound_v lieutenant_n colonel_n lilburnes_n sentence_n publish_v and_o refute_v committee_n arraign_v gaoler_n condemn_v and_o remedy_n provide_v .._o isai_n 10._o 1._o 2._o woe_n unto_o they_o that_o decree_v unrighteous_a decree_n and_o that_o write_v grievousnesse_n which_o they_o have_v prescribe_v to_o turn_v away_o the_o needy_a from_o judgoment_n and_o to_o take_v away_o the_o right_n from_o the_o poor_a of_o my_o people_n that_o widow_n may_v be_v their_o prey_n and_o that_o they_o may_v rob_v the_o fatherless_a jer_n 22._o 15._o 16._o 17._o shall_v thou_o reign_v because_o thou_o close_a thyself_o in_o cedar_n do_v not_o thy_o father_n eat_v and_o drink_v and_o do_v judgement_n and_o justice_n and_o then_o it_o be_v well_o with_o he_o he_o judge_v the_o cause_n of_o the_o poor_a and_o needy_a than_o it_o be_v well_o with_o he_o be_v not_o this_o to_o know_v i_o say_v the_o lord_n but_o thy_o eye_n and_o thy_o heart_n be_v not_o but_o for_o thy_o covetousness_n and_o for_o to_o shed_v innocent_a blood_n and_o for_o oppression_n and_o violence_n to_o do_v it_o london_n print_v 1646._o in_o the_o sit_v of_o parliament_n during_o which_o time_n the_o press_n ought_v to_o be_v free_a and_o open_a as_o the_o parliament_n declare_v to_o the_o bishop_n at_o the_o beginning_n thereof_o all_o state_n in_o the_o beginning_n be_v venerable_a that_o republic_n which_o will_v keâ—p_v itself_o from_o ruin_n be_v above_o all_o other_o thing_n to_o keep_v their_o religion_n uncorrupted_a and_o their_o law_n from_o violation_n 〈◊〉_d or_o as_o true_a religion_n be_v the_o tie_n of_o the_o conscience_n to_o obedience_n and_o observation_n of_o just_a law_n especial_o such_o as_o have_v their_o foundation_n in_o divine_a authority_n so_o be_v good_a law_n the_o civil_a sanction_n or_o sinew_n of_o a_o commonwealth_n that_o bound_v the_o member_n thereof_o together_o by_o the_o execution_n of_o justice_n and_o piety_n in_o a_o perpetual_a bond_n of_o peace_n and_o tranquillity_n so_o that_o if_o either_o religion_n be_v neglect_v or_o the_o law_n violate_v the_o ruin_n of_o that_o commonwealth_n must_v needs_o be_v near_o where_o such_o defect_n be_v find_v but_o where_o religion_n be_v hold_v in_o due_a reverenee_n and_o the_o ancient_a law_n of_o that_o commonwealth_n be_v inviolable_o keep_v the_o governor_n of_o such_o a_o state_n shall_v easy_o keep_v their_o commonwealth_n religious_a and_o consequent_o virtuous_a and_o unite_v now_o there_o be_v no_o better_a way_n to_o make_v the_o subject_n of_o a_o state_n good_a and_o to_o incline_v they_o to_o virtue_n then_o that_o those_o that_o sit_v at_o the_o helm_n of_o that_o state_n and_o have_v the_o government_n thereof_o shall_v hold_v forth_o clear_a example_n of_o piety_n and_o justice_n in_o their_o own_o life_n and_o action_n to_o the_o people_n under_o their_o government_n especial_o in_o the_o administration_n of_o law_n for_o as_o hunger_n and_o poverty_n make_v man_n laborious_a so_o law_n due_o administer_v make_v they_o good_a and_o good_a example_n proceed_v from_o good_a education_n and_o good_a education_n from_o the_o due_a observance_n of_o settle_a law_n of_o all_o humane_a law_n there_o be_v none_o more_o fit_a to_o be_v observe_v than_o those_o that_o concern_v our_o life_n and_o liberty_n for_o those_o that_o concern_v our_o life_n they_o be_v most_o careful_o &_o with_o the_o great_a piety_n and_o circumspection_n to_o be_v execute_v since_o if_o our_o life_n be_v take_v away_o by_o injustice_n death_n be_v ultimum_fw-la supplicium_fw-la the_o last_o punishment_n in_o this_o world_n our_o injury_n be_v remediless_a and_o irrecoverable_a therefore_o we_o may_v irrefragable_o conclude_v that_o governor_n of_o a_o state_n ought_v to_o be_v very_o wary_a in_o judge_v of_o matter_n of_o life_n and_o not_o in_o one_o tittle_n to_o deviate_v or_o depart_v from_o the_o know_a law_n of_o the_o land_n lest_o by_o commit_v of_o irreparable_a wrong_n upon_o the_o person_n of_o their_o innocent_a subject_n they_o draw_v god_n irreconcilable_a vengeance_n upon_o themselves_o in_o that_o day_n when_o he_o shall_v visit_v the_o judge_n of_o the_o earth_n and_o make_v inquisition_n for_o the_o blood_n of_o his_o people_n spill_v by_o injustice_n violence_n and_o oppression_n which_o he_o will_v sure_o do_v according_a to_o his_o own_o everlasting_a promise_n and_o eternal_a decree_n to_o be_v execute_v upon_o all_o state_n to_o the_o end_n of_o the_o world_n and_o as_o he_o do_v execute_v it_o upon_o ahab_n and_o his_o posterity_n and_o upon_o jezebel_n his_o wife_n for_o the_o unjust_a take_n laway_o of_o the_o blood_n of_o naboth_n as_o you_o may_v read_v 1_o king_n 21._o chap._n 2_o king_n 9_o chap._n concern_v jehoram_n and_o jezebel_n and_o in_o divers_a other_o instance_n evidence_v unto_o we_o by_o the_o holy_a scripture_n that_o which_o samuel_n say_v unto_o agag_n king_n of_o the_o amalekite_n as_o thy_o sword_n have_v make_v other_o woman_n childless_a so_o shall_v thy_o mother_n be_v childless_a among_o other_o woman_n have_v a_o perpetual_a moral_a use_n in_o god_n justice_n for_o we_o may_v find_v a_o thousand_o example_n where_o those_o prince_n or_o state_n which_o have_v sell_v the_o blood_n of_o their_o people_n at_o a_o low_a rate_n have_v make_v but_o the_o market_n for_o their_o enemy_n to_o buy_v of_o they_o at_o the_o same_o price_n for_o it_o be_v never_o yet_o see_v that_o those_o that_o dip_v their_o hand_n in_o innocent_a blood_n go_v dry_a to_o their_o grave_n the_o blood_n that_o be_v unjust_o spill_v being_n not_o again_o gather_v up_o from_o the_o ground_n by_o repetance_n these_o medicine_n minister_v to_o the_o dead_a have_v but_o dead_a reward_n now_o as_o the_o law_n concern_v life_n or_o proceed_n therein_o ought_v not_o to_o be_v arbitrary_a much_o more_o concern_v liberty_n for_o that_o the_o law_n that_o concern_v the_o liberty_n of_o the_o subject_n in_o respect_n of_o their_o object_n which_o be_v the_o whole_a body_n of_o the_o people_n be_v far_o more_o large_a than_o those_o which_o concern_v life_n which_o law_n be_v only_o relative_a to_o offender_n and_o guilty_a person_n and_o not_o direct_o to_o the_o whole_a people_n and_o therefore_o with_o the_o more_o tender_a regard_n to_o the_o subject_n to_o be_v execute_v wherefore_o all_o manner_n of_o proceed_n whatsoever_o which_o be_v arbitrary_a and_o that_o tend_v to_o the_o take_v away_o of_o our_o liberty_n be_v most_o dangerous_a &_o destructive_a to_o the_o state_n where_o such_o be_v put_v in_o execution_n for_o governor_n of_o commonwealth_n ought_v to_o know_v this_o that_o at_o the_o same_o instant_n they_o begin_v to_o break_v the_o law_n and_o to_o execute_v a_o arbitrary_a power_n upon_o the_o people_n liberty_n at_o that_o very_a instant_n they_o begin_v to_o lose_v their_o state_n for_o by_o so_o do_v the_o governor_n draw_v the_o odium_n of_o the_o people_n upon_o they_o and_o incite_v the_o people_n to_o find_v out_o and_o invent_v way_n unusual_a and_o of_o innovation_n to_o free_v themselves_o from_o their_o oppressor_n and_o the_o execution_n of_o such_o tyrannical_a power_n it_o be_v a_o most_o sure_a rule_n in_o state_n policy_n that_o all_o the_o law_n that_o be_v make_v infavour_n of_o liberty_n spring_n first_o from_o the_o disagreement_n of_o the_o people_n with_o their_o governor_n whosoever_o therefore_o sit_v at_o the_o helm_n of_o a_o state_n be_v it_o either_o a_o commonwealth_n or_o principality_n shall_v consider_v before_o they_o execute_v any_o arbitrary_a power_n upon_o the_o people_n liberty_n what_o contrary_a time_n by_o the_o ill_a effect_n of_o it_o may_v come_v upon_o they_o and_o what_o man_n in_o their_o trouble_n they_o may_v stand_v in_o need_n of_o and_o therefore_o shall_v live_v with_o they_o always_o in_o such_o manner_n that_o upon_o any_o accident_n chance_v they_o may_v find_v they_o ready_a and_o willing_a to_o serve_v their_o occasion_n for_o in_o a_o commonwealth_n well_o govern_v it_o be_v to_o be_v desire_v that_o nothing_o shall_v chance_v which_o may_v call_v in_o the_o use_n of_o extraordinary_a course_n for_o though_o a_o extraordinary_a way_n in_o some_o particular_a case_n do_v good_a yet_o the_o example_n prove_v of_o ill_a consequence_n and_o will_v stir_v the_o people_n mind_n to_o jealousy_n and_o commotion_n especial_o when_o it_o concern_v the_o public_a liberty_n and_o with_o that_o deep_a impression_n that_o have_v once_o free_v themselves_o from_o the_o oppression_n of_o their_o governor_n it_o common_o fall_v out_o that_o the_o state_n determine_v with_o the_o life_n of_o the_o governor_n for_o the_o people_n bite_v more_o fierce_o after_o they_o have_v recover_v
soli_fw-la &_o semper_fw-la to_o all_o and_o every_o clause_n thereof_o alike_o therefore_o we_o be_v to_o examine_v declare_v and_o publish_v to_o the_o world_n what_o this_o legale_fw-la judicium_fw-la or_o lexterrae_fw-la this_o lawful_a judgement_n or_o law_n of_o the_o land_n be_v and_o have_v always_o be_v take_v to_o be_v that_o the_o freeborn_a subject_n of_o this_o kingdom_n may_v not_o dwell_v in_o the_o shade_n but_o that_o they_o may_v be_v able_a to_o understand_v they_o with_o clearness_n and_o perspicuity_n and_o to_o demand_v they_o with_o force_n and_o vigour_n as_o our_o ancestor_n in_o time_n of_o old_a have_v in_o like_a case_n do_v to_o make_v a_o clear_a demonstration_n whereof_o we_o will_v follow_v the_o order_n of_o the_o six_o particular_n before_o mention_a to_o be_v emergent_a out_o of_o this_o charter_n of_o our_o liberty_n and_o first_o touch_v our_o caption_n and_o imprisonment_n nullus_fw-la libre_fw-la homo_fw-la capiatur_fw-la aut_fw-la imprisonetur_fw-la nisi_fw-la per_fw-la legale_fw-la judicium_fw-la parium_n suorum_fw-la vel_fw-la per_fw-la legem_fw-la terrae_fw-la let_v no_o freeman_n of_o england_n which_o be_v every_o man_n bear_v in_o the_o realm_n be_v take_v or_o imprison_v but_o by_o lawful_a judgement_n of_o his_o peer_n or_o the_o law_n of_o the_o land_n this_o be_v the_o context_n of_o this_o clause_n every_o arrest_n or_o attachment_n be_v comprise_v within_o it_o see_v cook_n 2._o part_n instit_fw-la pag._n 46._o what_o the_o law_n be_v before_o the_o make_n of_o this_o law_n we_o have_v in_o part_n declare_v already_o we_o shall_v only_o add_v this_o that_o imprisonment_n without_o lawful_a cause_n be_v so_o odious_a that_o among_o the_o law_n of_o king_n alfred_n cap._n 31._o we_o find_v this_o qui_fw-la immerentem_fw-la pagaum_n vinculis_fw-la constrinxerit_fw-la decem_fw-la solidis_fw-la noxam_fw-la sarcito_fw-la if_o a_o man_n shall_v unjust_o imprison_v a_o pagan_a or_o a_o heathen_a man_n he_o shall_v redeem_v his_o offence_n with_o the_o payment_n of_o ten_o shilling_n no_o small_a sum_n in_o those_o day_n this_o be_v a_o perfect_a badge_n of_o liberty_n by_o our_o law_n let_v we_o now_o examine_v what_o it_o have_v be_v since_o by_o the_o stat._n of_o 25._o e._n 3._o cap._n 4._o it_o be_v ordain_v that_o none_o from_o henceforth_o shall_v be_v take_v by_o petition_n or_o suggestion_n make_v to_o our_o lord_n the_o king_n or_o to_o his_o counsel_n unless_o it_o be_v by_o indictment_n or_o presentment_n of_o his_o good_a and_o lawful_a people_n of_o the_o same_o neighbourhood_n where_o such_o deed_n be_v do_v in_o due_a man-manner_n by_o the_o stat._n of_o 25._o e._n 3._o cap._n 3._o no_o man_n shall_v be_v imprison_v without_o be_v bring_v to_o answer_v by_o due_a process_n of_o law_n by_o the_o stat._n of_o 4â—_n e._n 3._o c._n 3._o it_o be_v accord_v for_o the_o good_a governance_n of_o the_o commons_o that_o no_o man_n be_v put_v to_o answer_v without_o presentment_n before_o justice_n or_o matter_n of_o record_n or_o by_o due_a process_n or_o write_v original_a according_a to_o the_o old_a law_n of_o the_o land_n and_o if_o any_o thing_n from_o henceforth_o be_v do_v contrary_a it_o shall_v be_v void_a in_o law_n and_o hold_v for_o error_n we_o need_v not_o cite_v the_o petition_n of_o right_n or_o other_o act_n of_o parliament_n mention_v in_o our_o former_a treatise_n for_o vindication_n of_o liberty_n against_o slavery_n let_v we_o now_o examine_v the_o responsa_fw-la prudentum_fw-la upon_o these_o statute_n and_o the_o judgement_n give_v by_o those_o sage_n 45._o ass_n plea_n 5._o fitzherbert_n title_n assize_n nu_fw-la 346._o we_o find_v that_o the_o bailiff_n of_o chensford_n in_o essex_n be_v indict_v before_o knevet_n and_o thorp_n by_o virtue_n of_o a_o commission_n of_o oyer_n &_o terminer_n for_o imprison_v a_o man_n &_o take_v his_o good_n by_o virtue_n of_o a_o commission_n out_o of_o chancery_n which_o he_o plead_v in_o his_o justification_n the_o resolution_n be_v that_o the_o commission_n and_o imprisonment_n be_v against_o law_n to_o take_v a_o man_n &_o his_o good_n without_o indictment_n or_o suit_n of_o the_o party_n or_o other_o due_a process_n of_o law_n 33._o e._n 3._o fitzh_n title_n trespass_n 253._o it_o be_v declare_v for_o law_n that_o the_o command_n of_o the_o lord_n be_v not_o a_o sufficient_a warrant_n to_o one_o to_o take_v his_o villain_fw-fr without_o due_a process_n of_o law_n may_v 16._o h._n 6._o fitz._n monstrans_fw-la de_fw-fr faites_fw-fr nu_fw-la 182._o it_o be_v declare_v for_o law_n that_o if_o the_o king_n command_v a_o man_n to_o arrest_v one_o and_o the_o party_n do_v it_o in_o his_o presence_n the_o arrest_n be_v unlawful_a &_o the_o party_n arrest_v may_v have_v his_o action_n of_o false_a imprisonment_n 24._o e._n 3._o foe_n 9_o be._n faux_fw-fr imprisonment_n 9_o you_o may_v find_v that_o a_o commission_n be_v direct_v to_o man_n to_o take_v divers_a notorious_a felon_n before_o they_o be_v indict_v and_o this_o commission_n be_v adjudge_v void_a in_o law_n we_o need_v not_o mention_v the_o resolution_n of_o the_o judge_n in_o this_o point_n of_o liberty_n you_o may_v find_v it_o report_v by_o sir_n e._n cook_n in_o his_o report_n 9_o ja._n f._n 66._o there_o be_v a_o thousand_o case_n more_o cite_v in_o our_o book_n of_o law_n to_o prove_v this_o undeniable_a truth_n out_o of_o which_o we_o only_o cite_v these_o to_o inform_v the_o free_a subject_n of_o england_n that_o neither_o the_o king_n by_o his_o command_n or_o commission_n nor_o his_o council_n nor_o the_o lord_n of_o a_o villain_n can_v or_o can_v imprison_v arrest_v or_o attach_v any_o man_n without_o due_a process_n of_o law_n or_o by_o legal_a judgement_n and_o law_n of_o the_o land_n against_o the_o form_n of_o our_o defensive_a charter_n of_o liberty_n no_o not_o a_o pagan_a or_o heathen_a can_v be_v unjust_o imprison_v or_o arrest_v without_o due_a process_n of_o law_n but_o to_o discourse_v here_o the_o manifold_a imprisonment_n of_o the_o freeborn_a people_n of_o this_o kingdom_n contrary_a to_o their_o birthright_n this_o free_a charter_n and_o contrary_a to_o the_o know_a law_n of_o this_o realm_n or_o to_o show_v forth_o all_o the_o illegal_a process_n whereby_o man_n be_v now_o adays_o arrest_v attach_v or_o imprison_v contrary_a to_o this_o charter_n and_o the_o law_n before_o recite_v as_o latitat_n capiat_v pro_fw-la debito_fw-la attachment_n and_o messenger_n will_v be_v infinite_a and_o require_v a_o volume_n make_n which_o be_v worth_a the_o make_n by_o itself_o only_o thus_o far_o we_o may_v be_v bold_a to_o demand_v by_o what_o law_n statute_n or_o other_o legal_a power_n the_o committee_n of_o examination_n committee_n of_o excise_n and_o sequestration_n nay_o all_o committee_n nay_o more_o their_o sub_n committee_n take_v upon_o they_o to_o commit_v to_o prison_n nay_o without_o bail_n or_o mainprize_n the_o freeborn_a subject_n of_o this_o kingdom_n without_o lawful_a process_n trial_n or_o conviction_n and_o most_o manifest_o against_o the_o law_n of_o the_o land_n for_o if_o those_o who_o we_o have_v elect_v to_o sit_v at_o the_o helm_n of_o the_o government_n for_o we_o as_o our_o trustee_n for_o preservation_n of_o our_o liberty_n be_v by_o right_a of_o their_o place_n judge_n we_o be_v sure_o they_o can_v depute_v their_o authority_n for_o a_o judge_n can_v delegate_v his_o power_n to_o another_o nor_o make_v a_o deputy_n to_o judge_v for_o he_o and_o this_o appear_v by_o the_o book_n of_o 2._o h._n 6._o f._n 37._o 9_o e._n 4._o f._n 31._o 41._o 10._o e._n 4._o f._n 15._o 11._o e._n 4._o f._n 1._o i_o be_o sure_a we_o have_v not_o send_v they_o thither_o and_o give_v they_o the_o place_n of_o their_o trust_n to_o they_o and_o their_o assign_n therefore_o their_o committee_n or_o assignee_n can_v execute_v their_o judicial_a power_n which_o as_o to_o the_o matter_n of_o imprisonment_n be_v one_o and_o the_o chief_a of_o their_o judicial_a power_n so_o it_o be_v according_a to_o due_a process_n of_o law_n but_o we_o will_v not_o wrong_v these_o noble_a patriot_n the_o commons_o of_o england_n who_o we_o have_v choose_v to_o be_v the_o guardian_n of_o our_o liberty_n either_o to_o suspect_v they_o not_o to_o be_v our_o competent_a judge_n and_o judge_n of_o record_n too_o or_o that_o they_o intend_v to_o commit_v our_o liberty_n to_o their_o commit_a commity_n since_o that_o by_o depute_v such_o commit_v and_o invest_v they_o with_o their_o own_o power_n it_o argue_v the_o giver_n rather_o to_o be_v ministerial_a then_o judicial_a officer_n we_o come_v now_o to_o the_o second_o particular_a which_o be_v that_o no_o man_n shall_v be_v desseise_v of_o his_o freehold_n or_o liberty_n or_o free_a custom_n but_o by_o lawful_a judgement_n of_o his_o peer_n or_o by_o the_o law_n of_o the_o land_n we_o need_v not_o insist_v
the_o parliament_n or_o any_o other_o that_o sit_v in_o the_o lord_n house_n by_o writ_n et_fw-la non_fw-la ratione_fw-la nobiliatis_fw-la can_v be_v a_o tryer_n of_o a_o lord_n of_o the_o parliament_n or_o challenge_v this_o privilege_n of_o trial_n in_o case_n of_o treason_n felony_n or_o other_o capital_a offence_n but_o a_o nobleman_n of_o the_o parliament_n shall_v not_o have_v this_o privilege_n either_o upon_o a_o indictment_n of_o praemunire_n or_o upon_o a_o appeal_v of_o felony_n at_o the_o suit_n of_o the_o party_n or_o in_o any_o civill-action_n either_o concern_v the_o right_a of_o land_n or_o of_o other_o possession_n or_o in_o any_o personal_a action_n bring_v by_o a_o commonperson_n against_o a_o lord_n of_o the_o parliament_n as_o appear_v unto_o we_o by_o the_o book_n of_o 1._o h._n 4._o f._n 1_o 13._o h._n 8._o f._n 12._o 10._o e._n 4._o fol._n 6._o this_o trial_n of_o nobleman_n by_o their_o peer_n at_o the_o king_n suit_n be_v not_o upon_o oath_n as_o in_o the_o case_n of_o common_a person_n for_o the_o peer_n be_v not_o swear_v before_o the_o lord_n steward_n before_o who_o this_o trial_n must_v be_v have_v but_o they_o be_v to_o be_v charge_v by_o the_o lord_n steward_n super_fw-la fidelitatibus_fw-la &_o ligeantiis_fw-la dom._n regi_fw-la debitis_fw-la that_o be_v upon_o their_o faith_n and_o allegiance_n due_a to_o the_o king_n and_o if_o they_o acquit_v the_o peer_n or_o nobleman_n upon_o who_o they_o pass_v the_o entry_n be_v willelmus_fw-la comes_fw-la e._n &_o cateri_fw-la antedicti_fw-la pares_fw-la instâ—nter_fw-la super_fw-la fidelitatibus_fw-la &_o ligeantiis_fw-la dicto_fw-la dâ—m_fw-la regi_fw-la debitis_fw-la per_fw-la praefarun_v senescallun_n ab_fw-la inferiori_fw-la usque_fw-la ad_fw-la supremum_fw-la separatim_fw-la examinati_fw-la dicunt_fw-la quod_fw-la wil._n dom._n dacre_n nox_fw-la est_fw-la culp_n and_o so_o be_v the_o entry_n in_o the_o case_n of_o the_o lord_n dacres_n 26._o h._n 8._o spilmans_fw-mi report_n and_o cook_n instit_fw-la 3._o part_n p._n 30._o if_o a_o nobleman_n be_v indict_v of_o treason_n felony_n or_o murder_n and_o can_v be_v find_v he_o shall_v be_v outlaw_v by_o the_o coroner_n of_o the_o county_n and_o in_o case_n of_o clergy_n no_o nobleman_n shall_v have_v more_o privilege_n than_o a_o commonperson_n where_o it_o be_v not_o special_o provide_v for_o they_o by_o act_n of_o parliament_n as_o by_o stamford_n pl._n cor._n p._n 130._o be_v make_v manifest_a out_o of_o all_o which_o we_o gather_v that_o a_o nobleman_n have_v this_o privilege_n of_o trial_n as_o well_o per_fw-la lege_fw-la terra_fw-la as_o by_o this_o charter_n and_o that_o ancient_o legale_fw-la judicium_fw-la parium_fw-la or_o lawful_a trial_n of_o peer_n for_o all_o manner_n of_o person_n aswell_o nobleman_n as_o commons_o be_v veredictum_a duodecim_fw-la proborum_fw-la &_o legalium_fw-la hominum_fw-la de_fw-la vicineto_fw-la a_o verdict_n of_o 12._o good_a and_o lawful_a man_n of_o the_o neighbourhood_n that_o be_v of_o the_o commons_o of_o england_n &_o so_o still_o remain_v save_v only_o in_o this_o except_a case_n by_o the_o great_a charter_n which_o show_v that_o there_o can_v be_v no_o legale_fw-la judicium_fw-la or_o lawful_a judgement_n but_o it_o must_v be_v per_fw-la legem_fw-la terrae_fw-la or_o according_a to_o the_o law_n of_o the_o land_n which_o be_v the_o other_o branch_n of_o this_o judgement_n as_o to_o the_o commons_o of_o england_n now_o to_o prove_v that_o legale_fw-la judicium_fw-la parium_fw-la or_o lawful_a judgement_n of_o a_o man_n peer_n or_o equal_n be_v by_o verdict_n of_o 12._o man_n and_o not_o otherwise_o for_o the_o word_n peer_n vinvocal_o signify_v both_o let_v we_o consult_v both_o the_o judgement_n of_o parliament_n in_o this_o point_n and_o the_o fundamental_a law_n of_o the_o land_n and_o first_o for_o the_o opinion_n of_o parliament_n in_o this_o point_n we_o find_v that_o by_o the_o statute_n of_o 25._o e._n 3._o c._n 4._o none_o shall_v be_v take_v by_o petition_n or_o suggestion_n make_v to_o our_o lord_n the_o king_n or_o to_o his_o council_n unless_o it_o be_v by_o indictment_n or_o presentment_n of_o his_o good_a and_o lawful_a people_n of_o the_o same_o neighbourhood_n 42._o e._n 3._o c._n 3._o it_o be_v assent_v and_o accord_v for_o the_o good_a governance_n of_o the_o commons_o that_o no_o man_n be_v put_v to_o answer_v without_o presentment_n before_o justice_n or_o matter_n of_o record_n or_o by_o due_a process_n and_o writ_n original_a according_a to_o the_o old_a law_n of_o the_o land_n and_o if_o any_o thing_n be_v do_v from_o henceforth_o contrary_a it_o shall_v be_v void_a in_o law_n and_o hold_v for_o error_n and_o to_o say_v one_o word_n for_o all_o there_o be_v above_o 50_o statute_n now_o in_o print_n and_o in_o force_n that_o warrant_v this_o trial_n or_o legale_fw-la judicium_fw-la parium_fw-la suorum_fw-la or_o trial_n by_o a_o man_n equal_n or_o peer_n make_v since_o the_o great_a charter_n in_o several_a case_n the_o cite_n of_o which_o statute_n for_o prolixity_n we_o avoid_v and_o that_o this_o manner_n of_o trial_n be_v the_o old_a law_n of_o the_o land_n we_o be_v here_o to_o make_v it_o appear_v that_o this_o manner_n of_o trial_n be_v according_a to_o the_o law_n of_o the_o land_n and_o that_o there_o be_v none_o other_o wherein_o we_o be_v to_o observe_v this_o distinction_n that_o this_o legale_fw-la judicium_fw-la or_o lawful_a judgement_n be_v twofold_a the_o one_o be_v of_o the_o matter_n of_o fact_n the_o other_o be_v of_o matter_n of_o law_n that_o which_o be_v of_o matter_n of_o fact_n be_v to_o be_v try_v per_fw-la legale_fw-la indicium_fw-la parium_fw-la or_o a_o lawful_a trial_n of_o a_o man_n peer_n that_o which_o be_v of_o matter_n of_o law_n be_v to_o be_v try_v by_o the_o judge_n or_o justice_n of_o the_o land_n authorize_v thereunto_o by_o the_o king_n lawful_a commission_n to_o prove_v that_o there_o be_v no_o other_o lawful_a judgement_n of_o our_o peer_n or_o equal_n as_o touchiug_v the_o matter_n of_o fact_n we_o be_v to_o examine_v the_o foundation_n of_o this_o commonwealth_n and_o the_o original_a constitution_n thereof_o we_o find_v that_o king_n alfred_n have_v reduce_v this_o kingdom_n of_o england_n into_o a_o entire-monarchy_n divide_v it_o into_o 38._o county_n and_o each_o county_n into_o several_a hundred_o and_o manor_n the_o county_n be_v put_v under_o the_o government_n of_o earl_n who_o substitute_v under_o they_o viscount_n or_o sheriff_n for_o the_o quiet_a government_n of_o the_o people_n the_o hundred_o and_o manor_n subordinate_o under_o the_o several_a lord_n of_o they_o the_o sheriff_n have_v two_o court_n to_o wit_n the_o sheriffes-tourn_n and_o the_o county-court_n the_o first_o for_o offence_n against_o the_o peace_n of_o the_o land_n the_o latter_a for_o entry_n and_o determination_n of_o civill-cause_n between_o party_n and_o party_n in_o the_o first_o indictment_n or_o presentment_n of_o offence_n be_v make_v per-enqu_a that_o be_v by_o juries_n in_o the_o second_o the_o free-suiter_n that_o be_v man_n of_o the_o neighbourhood_n the_o like_a be_v do_v in_o the_o leet_n or_o view_v of_o frankepledge_a and_o hundred-court_n in_o the_o hundred_o the_o like_a proceed_n be_v in_o the_o leet_n and_o court-baron_n of_o manor_n in_o those_o court_n there_o be_v no_o condemnation_n or_o judgement_n give_v but_o by_o the_o enquirie_n of_o good_a and_o lawful_a man_n of_o the_o neighbourhood_n this_o every_o book_n of_o the_o law_n tell_v we_o for_o more_o particular_a satisfaction_n read_v horn_n f._n 8._o and_o forward_n these_o court_n be_v form_v after_o the_o model_n of_o the_o great_a court_n of_o the_o realm_n the_o kings-bench_n and_o common-plea_n where_o great_a jurisdiction_n be_v as_o to_o the_o matter_n to_o be_v inquire_v of_o but_o no_o variation_n original_o in_o the_o manner_n of_o proceed_v only_o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o the_o court_n of_o kings-bench_n and_o common-plea_n in_o trial_n of_o action_n ad_fw-la dampnum_fw-la 40._o s._n flow_v over_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n the_o other_o court_n be_v confine_v to_o their_o several_a limit_n and_o may_v not_o exceed_v 40._o s._n damage_n these_o be_v the_o original_a court_n of_o the_o kingdom_n and_o the_o legale_fw-la judicium_fw-la parium_fw-la or_o lawful_a judgement_n of_o peer_n be_v only_o trial_n by_o jury_n of_o equal_n before_o this_o great_a charter_n from_o which_o trial_n this_o clause_n be_v insert_v into_o it_o and_o by_o a_o inviolable_a right_n of_o law_n continue_v in_o force_n even_o to_o this_o day_n as_o every_o free_a subject_n of_o england_n by_o experience_n know_v and_o as_o every_o book_n of_o our_o law_n prove_v into_o we_o the_o verdict_n of_o the_o jury_n in_o criminal_a cause_n be_v the_o judgement_n of_o attainder_n and_o in_o civil_a cause_n a_o condemnation_n as_o stamford_n pl._n cor._n p_o 44._o and_o all_o other_o book_n prove_v and_o to_o leave_v every_o man_n without_o
try_v i_o or_o any_o commoner_n whatsoever_o in_o any_o criminal_a cause_n either_o for_o life_n limb_n liberty_n or_o estate_n but_o contrary_a hereunto_o as_o incroacher_n and_o usurper_n upon_o my_o freedom_n and_o liberty_n they_o late_o and_o illegal_o endeavour_v to_o try_v i_o a_o commoner_n at_o their_o bar_n for_o which_o i_o under_o my_o hand_n and_o seal_v protest_v to_o their_o face_n against_o they_o as_o violent_a and_o illegal_a incroacher_n upon_o the_o right_n and_o liberty_n of_o i_o and_o all_o the_o commons_o of_o england_n a_o copy_n of_o which_o etc._n etc._n i_o herewith_o in_o print_n send_v you_o and_o at_o their_o bar_n i_o open_o appeal_v to_o my_o competent_a proper_a legal_a tryer_n and_o judge_n the_o commons_o of_o england_n assemble_v in_o parliament_n for_o which_o their_o lordship_n do_v illegal_o arbitrary_o and_o tyrannical_o commit_v i_o to_o prison_n into_o your_o custody_n which_o protestation_n and_o paper_n and_o matter_n therein_o contain_v do_v false_o and_o scandalous_o and_o malicious_o charge_v the_o peer_n in_o parliament_n with_o tyranny_n usurpation_n perjury_n injustice_n and_o breach_n of_o the_o great_a trust_n in_o they_o repose_v and_o be_v a_o high_a breach_n of_o the_o privilege_n of_o parliament_n and_o be_v high_a offence_n against_o the_o law_n and_o statute_n of_o this_o kingdom_n and_o do_v tend_v to_o the_o great_a scandal_n of_o the_o say_a peer_n and_o the_o authority_n with_o which_o they_o be_v entrust_v &_o to_o stir_v up_o difference_n between_o the_o say_a peer_n and_o other_o the_o subject_n of_o this_o realm_n natha_n finch_n upon_o which_o article_n he_o refuse_v to_o hear_v they_o read_v as_o concern_v their_o proceed_n against_o he_o to_o be_v illegal_a and_o that_o as_o a_o commoner_n of_o england_n they_o have_v no_o jurisdiction_n over_o he_o they_o proceed_v to_o sentence_v he_o as_o follow_v july_n 10._o 1646._o it_o be_v to_o be_v remember_v that_o the_o 10._o day_n of_o july_n in_o the_o 22._o year_n of_o the_o reign_n of_o our_o sovereign_a lord_n king_n charles_n sir_n nath._n finch_n knight_n his_o majesty_n sergeant_n at_o law_n do_v deliver_v in_o before_o the_o lord_n assemble_v in_o parliament_n at_o westminster_n certain_a article_n against_o lieutenant-colonell_n john_n lilburn_n for_o high_a crime_n and_o misdemeanour_n do_v and_o commit_v by_o he_o together_o with_o certain_a book_n and_o paper_n thereunto_o annex_v which_o article_n and_o the_o say_a book_n and_o paper_n thereunto_o annex_v be_v file_v among_o the_o record_n of_o parliament_n the_o tenor_n of_o which_o article_n follow_v in_o these_o word_n which_o article_n be_v by_o the_o command_n of_o the_o lord_n then_o and_o there_o assemble_v in_o parliament_n read_v it_o be_v then_o and_o there_o that_o be_v to_o say_v the_o say_v 10._o day_n of_o july_n by_o their_o lordship_n order_v that_o the_o say_v john_n lilburn_n be_v bring_v to_o the_o bar_n of_o this_o house_n the_o 11._o day_n of_o the_o say_v july_n to_o answer_v the_o say_a article_n that_o thereupon_o their_o lordship_n may_v proceed_v therein_o according_a as_o to_o justice_n shall_v appertain_v at_o which_o day_n aforesaid_a the_o 11._o day_n of_o july_n anno_fw-la dom._n 1646._o the_o say_v john_n lilburn_n according_a to_o the_o say_a order_n be_v bring_v before_o the_o peer_n then_o assemble_v and_o sit_v in_o parliament_n to_o answer_v the_o say_a article_n and_o the_o say_v john_n lilburn_n be_v thereupon_o require_v by_o the_o say_a peer_n in_o parliament_n to_o kneel_v at_o the_o bar_n of_o the_o say_a house_n as_o be_v use_v in_o such_o case_n and_o to_o hear_v his_o say_a charge_n read_v to_o the_o end_n that_o he_o may_v be_v enable_v to_o make_v defence_n thereunto_o the_o say_v john_n lilburn_n in_o contempt_n and_o scorn_n of_o the_o say_v high_a court_n do_v not_o only_o refuse_v to_o kneel_v at_o the_o say_a bar_n but_o do_v also_o in_o a_o contemptuous_a manner_n then_o and_o there_o at_o the_o open_a bar_n of_o the_o say_a house_n open_o and_o contemptuous_o refuse_v to_o hear_v the_o say_v article_n read_v and_o use_v divers_a contemptuous_a word_n in_o high_a derogation_n of_o the_o justice_n dignity_n and_o power_n of_o the_o say_a court_n and_o the_o say_a charge_n be_v nevertheless_o then_o and_o there_o read_v the_o say_a john_n lilburn_n be_v then_o and_o there_o by_o the_o say_a lord_n assemble_v in_o parliament_n demand_v what_o answer_n or_o defence_n he_o will_v make_v thereunto_o the_o say_v john_n lilburn_n persist_v in_o his_o obstinate_a and_o contemptuous_a behaviour_n do_v peremptory_o and_o absolute_o refuse_v to_o make_v any_o defence_n or_o answer_n to_o the_o say_a article_n and_o do_v then_o and_o there_o in_o high_a contempt_n of_o the_o say_a court_n and_o of_o the_o peer_n there_o assemble_v at_o the_o open_a bar_n of_o the_o say_a house_n of_o peer_n affirm_v that_o they_o be_v usurper_n and_o unrighteous_a judge_n and_o that_o he_o will_v not_o answer_v the_o say_a article_n and_o use_v divers_a other_o insolent_a and_o contemptuous_a speech_n against_o their_o lordship_n and_o that_o high_a court_n whereupon_o the_o lord_n assemble_v in_o parliament_n take_v into_o their_o serious_a consideration_n the_o say_v contemptuous_a carriage_n and_o word_n of_o the_o say_v john_n lilburn_n to_o the_o great_a affront_n and_o contempt_n of_o this_o high_a and_o honourable_a court_n and_o the_o justice_n authority_n and_o dignity_n thereof_o it_o be_v therefore_o this_o present_a 11._o day_n of_o july_n order_v and_o adjudge_v by_o the_o lord_n assemble_v in_o parliament_n that_o the_o say_v john_n lilburn_n be_v fine_v and_o the_o say_v john_n lilburn_n by_o the_o lord_n assemble_v in_o parliament_n for_o his_o say_a contempt_n be_v fine_v to_o the_o king_n majesty_n in_o the_o sum_n of_o two_o thousand_o pound_n and_o it_o be_v further_o order_v and_o adjudge_v by_o the_o say_a lord_n assemble_v in_o parliament_n that_o the_o say_v john_n lilburn_n for_o his_o say_a contempt_n be_v and_o stand_v commit_v to_o the_o tower_n of_o london_n during_o the_o pleasure_n of_o the_o say_a house_n and_o further_o the_o say_a lord_n assemble_v in_o parliament_n take_v into_o consideration_n the_o say_v contemptuous_a refusal_n of_o the_o say_v john_n lilburn_n to_o make_v any_o defence_n or_o answer_n to_o the_o say_a article_n do_v declare_v that_o the_o say_v john_n lilburn_n ought_v not_o thereby_o to_o escape_v the_o justice_n of_o the_o house_n but_o the_o say_a article_n and_o the_o offence_n thereby_o charge_v to_o have_v be_v commit_v by_o the_o say_v john_n lilburn_n ought_v thereupon_o to_o be_v take_v as_o consess_v wherefore_o the_o lord_n assemble_v in_o parliament_n take_v the_o premise_n into_o consideration_n and_o for_o that_o it_o appear_v by_o the_o say_a article_n that_o the_o say_v john_n lilburn_n have_v not_o only_o malicious_o publish_v several_a scandalous_a and_o libellous_a passage_n of_o a_o very_a high_a nature_n against_o the_o peer_n of_o parliament_n therein_o particular_o name_v and_o against_o the_o peerage_n of_o this_o realm_n in_o general_a but_o contrive_v and_o contemptuous_o publish_v and_o open_o at_o the_o bar_n of_o the_o house_n deliver_v certain_a scandalous_a paper_n to_o the_o high_a contempt_n and_o scandal_n of_o the_o dignity_n power_n and_o authority_n of_o this_o house_n all_o which_o offence_n by_o the_o peremptory_a refusal_n of_o the_o say_v john_n lilburn_n to_o answer_v or_o make_v any_o defence_n to_o the_o say_a article_n stand_v confess_v by_o the_o say_v lilburn_n as_o they_o be_v in_o the_o say_a article_n charge_v it_o be_v therefore_o the_o say_a day_n and_o year_n last_o abovementioned_a further_o order_v and_o adjudge_v by_o the_o lord_n assemble_v in_o parliament_n upon_o the_o whole_a matter_n in_o the_o say_a article_n contain_v i._o that_o the_o say_v john_n lilburn_n be_v fine_v to_o the_o king_n majesty_n in_o the_o sum_n of_o two_o thousand_o pound_n ii_o and_o that_o he_o stand_v and_o be_v imprison_v in_o the_o tower_n of_o london_n by_o the_o space_n of_o 7._o year_n now_o next_o ensue_v iii_o and_o further_o that_o he_o the_o say_v john_n lilburn_n from_o henceforth_o stand_v and_o be_v uncapable_a to_o bear_v any_o office_n or_o place_n in_o military_a or_o in_o civill-government_n in_o church_n or_o commonwealth_n during_o his_o life_n die_fw-fr sabbathi_o 11._o julii_n 1646._o order_v by_o the_o lord_n in_o parliament_n that_o john_n lilburn_n be_v sentence_v by_o this_o house_n shall_v for_o his_o high_a contempt_n and_o misdemeanour_n do_v to_o this_o high_a court_n according_a to_o the_o say_a sentence_n stand_v commit_v to_o the_o tower_n of_o london_n for_o the_o space_n of_o 7._o year_n next_o after_o the_o date_n hereof_o and_o that_o the_o lieutenant_n of_o the_o say_a tower_n of_o london_n his_o deputy_n or_o deputy_n be_v to_o keep_v
he_o in_o safe_a custody_n according_o and_o that_o he_o do_v take_v care_n that_o the_o say_v lilburn_n do_v neither_o contrive_v publish_v or_o spread_v any_o seditious_a or_o libellous_a pamphlet_n against_o both_o or_o either_o of_o the_o house_n of_o parliament_n to_o the_o lieutenant_n of_o the_o tower_n of_o london_n his_o deputy_n or_o deputy_n and_o because_o this_o sentence_n be_v conceive_v not_o to_o be_v severe_a enough_o by_o the_o lieutenant_n of_o the_o tower_n he_o do_v procure_v a_o order_n date_a die_v mercurii_n 15._o julii_n 1646._o which_o follow_v in_o these_o word_n die_v mercurii_n 15._o julii_fw-la 1646._o order_v by_o the_o lord_n in_o parliament_n assemble_v that_o none_o shall_v speak_v with_o john_n lilburn_n now_o a_o prisoner_n in_o the_o tower_n of_o london_n but_o in_o the_o presence_n and_o hear_n of_o his_o keeper_n and_o that_o when_o he_o shall_v desire_v to_o take_v the_o air_n within_o the_o tower_n his_o keeper_n shall_v constant_o go_v with_o he_o forth_o and_o back_o and_o stay_v with_o he_o till_o he_o return_v to_o his_o lodging_n and_o that_o if_o his_o wife_n desire_n to_o come_v to_o he_o she_o shall_v reside_v with_o he_o and_o not_o go_v in_o and_o out_o during_o his_o imprisonment_n in_o the_o say_v tower_n and_o last_o it_o be_v order_v that_o this_o restraint_n of_o speak_v with_o the_o say_v lilburn_n shall_v be_v take_v off_o when_o he_o shall_v give_v good_a bail_n to_o this_o house_n not_o to_o contrive_v write_v or_o publish_v any_o scandalous_a or_o libellous_a pamphlet_n or_o paper_n against_o both_o or_o either_o of_o the_o house_n of_o parliament_n die_v mercurii_n 16._o septem_fw-la 1646._o it_o be_v this_o day_n order_v by_o the_o lord_n in_o parliament_n assemble_v that_o the_o lieutenaut_n of_o the_o tower_n of_o london_n his_o deputy_n and_o all_o other_o employ_v he_o shall_v permit_v and_o suffer_v the_o wife_n of_o lieutenant-colonell_n john_n lilburn_n to_o come_v to_o he_o and_o reside_v with_o he_o when_o and_o as_o often_o as_o he_o shall_v desire_v any_o former_a order_n of_o this_o house_n notwithstanding_o john_n brown_n cler._n parliamentorum_fw-la we_o will_v not_o say_v their_o lordship_n be_v unjust_a in_o this_o sentence_n yet_o we_o hope_v it_o shall_v not_o be_v account_v scandal_n to_o they_o if_o we_o say_v and_o make_v it_o appear_v that_o they_o have_v err_v therein_o both_o in_o manner_n of_o proceed_v and_o in_o substance_n of_o matter_n or_o point_n of_o jurisdiction_n both_o of_o the_o person_n and_o cause_n for_o we_o do_v presume_v that_o their_o lordship_n will_v not_o presume_v a_o infallibility_n of_o judgement_n it_o be_v a_o quality_n incompatible_a to_o or_o with_o any_o sublunary_a creature_n and_o we_o find_v by_o our_o book_n of_o 21._o e._n 3._o f_o 46._o that_o a_o parliament_n may_v and_o have_v err_v and_o first_o we_o shall_v declare_v their_o lordship_n error_n in_o their_o manner_n of_o proceed_v against_o this_o worthy_a patriot_n wherein_o we_o shall_v observe_v that_o the_o 10._o of_o june_n he_o be_v summon_v to_o attend_v their_o lordship_n in_o their_o house_n the_o 11._o of_o june_n he_o appear_v and_o be_v then_o commit_v by_o their_o lordship_n to_o newgate_n the_o 16._o of_o the_o same_o month_n he_o appeal_v to_o the_o right_n honourable_a house_n of_o commons_o the_o 22._o their_o lordship_n send_v to_o the_o keeper_n of_o newgate_n to_o bring_v he_o to_o their_o bar_n and_o thereupon_o the_o 43_o day_n he_o be_v commit_v close_a prisoner_n to_o newgate_n be_v bring_v by_o the_o keeper_n of_o newgate_n where_o he_o remain_v close_a prisoner_n till_o the_o 16_o of_o july_n at_o which_o time_n his_o charge_n be_v bring_v into_o the_o lord_n house_n and_o not_o before_o wherein_o we_o be_v first_o to_o note_n that_o he_o be_v summon_v and_o commit_v a_o month_n before_o his_o charge_n bring_v in_o and_o after_o his_o appeal_n and_o for_o that_o cause_n make_v close_a prisoner_n 18._o day_n before_o any_o charge_n record_v against_o he_o all_o which_o proceed_n be_v erroneous_a and_o principal_o in_o these_o two_o point_n first_o because_o he_o be_v summon_v before_o his_o charge_n be_v record_v for_o regular_o both_o in_o law_n and_o equity_n the_o declaration_n or_o bill_n ought_v to_o be_v file_v or_o record_v before_o any_o writ_n or_o process_n ought_v to_o issue_v against_o the_o defendant_n or_o party_n accuse_v either_o in_o civil_a or_o criminal_a cause_n and_o the_o writor_n process_n ought_v to_o contain_v the_o matter_n of_o the_o declaration_n or_o bill_n as_o in_o a_o writ_n of_o right_o these_o word_n quid_fw-la clamat_fw-la tenere_fw-la import_v a_o count_n or_o declaration_n record_v so_o a_o writ_n of_o warrantia_fw-la diei_fw-la contain_v the_o substance_n of_o the_o count_n in_o a_o monstraverunt_fw-la the_o plaintiff_n title_n be_v set_v forth_o by_o the_o writ_n nay_o in_o every_o writ_n at_o common-law_n the_o writ_n do_v by_o these_o word_n ut_fw-la dicitur_fw-la or_o by_o some_o other_o emphatical_a word_n contain_v in_o the_o body_n of_o the_o writ_n import_n that_o a_o declaration_n or_o count_n be_v file_v register_v or_o record_v before_o the_o writ_n do_v issue_n and_o this_o appear_v clear_o in_o every_o writ_n set_v forth_o by_o the_o register_n and_o fitzherberts_n natura_fw-la brevium_fw-la nay_o every_o english_a bill_n either_o in_o chancery_n exchequer_n or_o star-chamber_n do_v pray_v that_o process_n of_o subpoena_n be_v award_v against_o the_o defendant_n which_o prove_v that_o process_n ought_v not_o to_o be_v award_v against_o any_o man_n out_o of_o any_o court_n till_o his_o charge_n be_v record_v against_o he_o in_o the_o same_o court_n if_o this_o be_v so_o in_o the_o justice_n of_o the_o star-chamber_n in_o criminal_a cause_n we_o hope_v their_o lordship_n will_v not_o condemn_v it_o as_o a_o injustice_n in_o themselves_o to_o follow_v the_o same_o rule_n of_o right_a reason_n law_n and_o equity_n second_o their_o lordship_n proceed_n against_o he_o after_o his_o appeal_n make_v to_o the_o honourable_a house_n of_o commons_o be_v void_a in_o law_n for_o by_o the_o appeal_n to_o the_o proper_a jurisdiction_n the_o lord_n be_v out_v of_o their_o jurisdiction_n or_o connusans_a of_o the_o plea_n sublata_fw-la causa_fw-la tollitur_fw-la effectus_fw-la the_o cause_n be_v remove_v by_o the_o appeal_v their_o judgement_n thereby_o be_v determine_v or_o at_o least_o suspend_v be_v but_o the_o effect_n of_o the_o cause_n before_o they_o till_o such_o time_n as_o the_o appeal_n be_v determine_v the_o appeal_n be_v a_o superseda_n to_o their_o lordship_n further_o legal_a proceed_n in_o the_o same_o cause_n and_o wherein_o they_o ought_v not_o to_o have_v proceed_v without_o the_o privity_n licence_n and_o direction_n of_o the_o house_n of_o commons_o and_o therefore_o all_o their_o proceed_n since_o mr._n lilburn_n ap._n peal_n present_v to_o and_o accept_v by_o the_o house_n of_o commons_o be_v coram_fw-la non_fw-la judice_fw-la and_o therefore_o void_a and_o erroneous_a we_o shall_v not_o deny_v the_o lord_n house_n to_o be_v a_o court_n of_o justice_n and_o that_o of_o record_n too_o and_o of_o the_o high_a degree_n in_o the_o kingdom_n cooperate_a with_o the_o honourablt_n house_n of_o commons_o but_o when_o they_o be_v distinct_a and_o apart_o in_o their_o several_a operation_n and_o judgement_n we_o do_v conceive_v that_o they_o neither_o have_v a_o legislative_a nor_o unlimited_a power_n of_o judicature_n in_o themselves_o neither_o can_v they_o proceed_v to_o determine_v any_o thing_n out_o of_o the_o way_n of_o the_o know_a law_n by_o any_o arbitrary_a or_o discretionary_a rule_n where_o there_o be_v a_o know_a law_n in_o the_o case_n sir_n edw_n cook_n do_v well_o set_v forth_o the_o distinct_a power_n of_o judicature_n of_o both_o house_n in_o his_o 4._o part_n of_o institutes_n p._n 23._o it_o be_v to_o be_v know_v say_v he_o that_o the_o lord_n in_o their_o house_n have_v power_n of_o judicature_n and_o both_o house_n together_o have_v power_n of_o judicature_n which_o be_v thus_o to_o be_v understand_v that_o the_o lord_n have_v power_n of_o judicature_n over_o their_o member_n alone_o viz._n their_o peer_n the_o nobility_n of_o england_n that_o sit_v in_o the_o lord_n house_n the_o commons_o have_v power_n of_o judicature_n over_o all_o the_o commons_o of_o england_n by_o themselves_o alone_o and_o the_o lord_n and_o commons_o join_v have_v power_n of_o judicature_n over_o both_o peer_n lord_n and_z commons_z that_o this_o be_v true_a be_v manifest_a by_o the_o lord_n dacres_n case_n p._n 26_o h._n 8._o report_v by_o justice_n spilman_n where_o it_o be_v resolve_v that_o a_o nobleman_n of_o parliament_n can_v wave_v his_o trial_n by_o his_o peer_n and_o put_v himself_o upon_o the_o trial_n of_o the_o country_n for_o by_o the_o statute_n of_o magna_fw-la charta_fw-la c._n 29_o every_o
f._n 10._o be_v tit_n parl._n 42._o we_o find_v that_o in_o parliament_n the_o king_n will_v that_o i._o s._n shouldbe_v attaint_v and_o lose_v his_o land_n and_o the_o lord_n do_v agree_v and_o nothing_o be_v speak_v of_o the_o commons_o and_o this_o by_o all_o the_o judge_n be_v hold_v no_o good_a attainder_n or_o judgement_n and_o therefore_o he_o be_v restore_v to_o his_o land_n for_o there_o can_v be_v no_o attainder_n by_o parliament_n but_o by_o act_n of_o parliament_n that_o be_v by_o judgement_n of_o both_o house_n and_o consent_n of_o the_o king_n for_o the_o king_n as_o sir_n edward_z cook_n say_v be_v of_o the_o parliament_n caput_fw-la principium_fw-la &_o finis_fw-la the_o head_n the_o beginning_n and_o the_o end_n but_o some_o will_v say_v that_o the_o lord_n have_v a_o judicature_n apart_o from_o the_o commons_o which_o they_o have_v long_o use_v it_o be_v true_a they_o have_v and_o it_o be_v only_o in_o some_o particular_a case_n and_o their_o power_n be_v give_v they_o by_o act_n of_o parliament_n by_o the_o stature_n of_o 14._o e._n 3._o c._n 5._o in_o case_n of_o delay_n of_o justice_n difficulty_n of_o judgement_n or_o case_n of_o error_n and_o be_v confirm_v unto_o they_o by_o the_o stature_n of_o 25._o el._n c._n 8._o and_o 31._o el._n c._n 1._o but_o we_o can_v find_v by_o any_o of_o our_o book_n in_o law_n and_o we_o be_v confident_a no_o man_n can_v show_v we_o that_o the_o lord_n by_o themselves_o apart_o or_o without_o the_o assistance_n and_o without_o judgement_n of_o the_o commons_o do_v hold_v plea_n in_o any_o of_o those_o case_n before_o that_o statute_n of_o 14._o e._n 3._o for_o the_o first_o case_n that_o we_o find_v of_o any_o proceed_n in_o those_o case_n before_o the_o lord_n be_v in_o 16._o e._n 3._o fitzh_n do_fw-mi brief_a 561._o and_o in_o 24._o e._n 3._o f._n 46._o 22._o e._n 3._o fitz._n error_n 8._o and_o other_o book_n out_o of_o which_o good_a note_n may_v be_v draw_v to_o fortify_v our_o assertion_n withal_o if_o need_v in_o so_o plain_a a_o case_n do_v require_v by_o all_o which_o case_n and_o precedent_n we_o may_v assure_o conclude_v that_o the_o lord_n in_o their_o house_n have_v no_o jurisdiction_n over_o the_o commons_o in_o any_o other_o case_n then_o delay_v of_o justice_n difficulty_n of_o judgement_n or_o matter_n of_o error_n as_o aforesaid_a and_o this_o be_v agreeable_a to_o the_o statute_n of_o 25._o e._n 3._o c._n 4._o where_o it_o be_v accord_v assent_v and_o establish_v that_o from_o henceforth_o none_o shall_v be_v take_v by_o petition_n or_o suggestion_n make_v to_o our_o lord_n the_o king_n or_o to_o his_o council_n unless_o it_o be_v by_o indictment_n or_o presentment_n of_o his_o good_a and_o lawful_a people_n of_o the_o same_o neighbourhood_n or_o by_o process_n make_v by_o writ_n original_a at_o the_o common-law_n and_o to_o the_o other_o statute_n aforementioned_a and_o bind_v the_o house_n of_o peer_n as_o well_o as_o any_o other_o court_n of_o judicature_n at_o westminster_n as_o they_o be_v of_o the_o king_n council_n and_o sit_v by_o virtue_n of_o the_o king_n write_v and_o commission_n as_o they_o have_v often_o by_o their_o own_o declaration_n manifest_v if_o it_o be_v object_v that_o their_o lordship_n be_v a_o court_n of_o judicature_n be_v only_o to_o proceed_v secundum_fw-la legem_fw-la &_o consuetudinem_fw-la parliamenti_fw-la according_a to_o the_o law_n and_o custom_n of_o the_o parliament_n we_o answer_v that_o we_o grant_v that_o it_o must_v be_v secundum_fw-la legem_fw-la according_a to_o law_n which_o be_v according_a to_o the_o great_a charter_n and_o the_o law_n before_o cite_v and_o as_o touch_v the_o custom_n of_o parliament_n we_o say_v that_o the_o lord_n house_n can_v have_v any_o pretence_n by_o custom_n to_o judge_v a_o commoner_n of_o england_n since_o that_o it_o appear_v by_o the_o precedent_n aforementioned_a namely_o sir_n simon_n de_fw-fr berisfords_n case_n which_o be_v 4._o e._n 3._o and_o by_o that_o of_o the_o same_o date_n cite_v out_o of_o sir_n edward_n cook_n that_o before_o the_o division_n of_o the_o house_n it_o be_v enact_v and_o assent_v that_o the_o peer_n for_o the_o time_n to_o come_v shall_v not_o judge_v a_o commoner_n as_o be_v against_o law_n as_o aforesaid_a and_o therefore_o that_o custom_n be_v against_o law_n and_o prohibit_v by_o act_n of_o parliament_n must_v needs_o be_v void_a in_o law_n for_o no_o custom_n that_o be_v against_o law_n or_o a_o act_n of_o parliament_n be_v valid_a in_o law_n neither_o can_v they_o have_v any_o good_a custom_n by_o usage_n of_o such_o power_n since_o the_o division_n of_o the_o house_n though_o they_o have_v actual_o judge_v commoner_n it_o be_v within_o time_n of_o memory_n since_o the_o house_n be_v divide_v that_o be_v to_o say_v since_o the_o time_n of_o king_n richard_n the_o first_o which_o be_v the_o limitation_n of_o prescription_n and_o since_o which_o time_n no_o good_a custom_n can_v be_v ground_v the_o contrary_a appear_v by_o matter_n of_o record_n as_o aforesaid_a and_o albeit_o they_o have_v judge_v commoner_n it_o make_v not_o for_o they_o for_o a_o facto_fw-la ad_fw-la jus_o non_fw-la valer_n argumentum_fw-la because_o they_o have_v do_v it_o in_o fact_n therefore_o they_o may_v now_o do_v it_o of_o right_a follow_v not_o for_o if_o those_o commoner_n that_o be_v judge_v by_o they_o do_v not_o stand_v upon_o their_o privilege_n nor_o demand_v a_o exemption_n from_o the_o judgement_n of_o the_o lord_n they_o do_v only_o lose_v to_o themselves_o the_o particular_a benefit_n of_o appeal_v for_o vigilantibus_fw-la &_o non_fw-la dormientibus_fw-la jura_fw-la subveniunt_fw-la the_o law_n only_o assist_v those_o that_o claim_v the_o benefit_n of_o they_o &_o not_o those_o that_o pray_v not_o in_o aid_n of_o they_o and_o such_o precedent_n ought_v not_o to_o be_v cite_v in_o prejudice_n of_o other_o that_o be_v more_o watchful_a over_o their_o liberty_n but_o we_o have_v another_o objestion_n make_v that_o there_o be_v matter_n of_o scandal_n against_o a_o peer_n of_o that_o house_n contain_v in_o mr._n lilburre_n charge_v and_o therefore_o fit_a to_o be_v examine_v there_o we_o acknowledge_v the_o earl_n of_o manchester_n to_o be_v a_o person_n of_o great_a honour_n and_o will_v not_o blemish_v he_o as_o he_o stand_v unheard_a with_o a_o supposition_n of_o his_o be_v guilty_a but_o nevertheless_o we_o conceive_v that_o it_o will_v not_o have_v lessen_v his_o honour_n to_o have_v prefer_v some_o information_n in_o the_o king_n bench_n or_o bring_v some_o action_n at_o common-law_n upon_o some_o of_o the_o statute_n de_fw-fr scandalis_fw-la magnatum_fw-la for_o the_o suppose_a slander_n contain_v in_o the_o book_n write_v by_o mr._n lilburn_n whereunto_o mr._n lilburn_n may_v have_v plead_v his_o lawful_a plea_n either_o by_o may_v of_o justification_n or_o denial_n as_o his_o case_n will_v require_v he_o in_o both_o which_o case_n mr._n lilburn_n shall_v have_v be_v try_v by_o a_o jury_n of_o 12_o honest_a man_n commoner_n his_o equal_n and_o my_o lord_n have_v avoid_v any_o suspicion_n of_o be_v partial_a in_o his_o own_o cause_n as_o it_o be_v say_v in_o the_o book_n of_o 8._o h._n 6._o f._n 14._o br._n coâ—â—sans_n 27._o of_o the_o chancellor_n of_o oxford_n or_o that_o he_o go_v about_o by_o this_o so_o sudden_a and_o summary_n proceed_v to_o hinder_v or_o forestall_v the_o evidence_n that_o may_v be_v against_o he_o in_o his_o own_o cause_n and_o mr._n lilburn_n have_v have_v a_o legal_a way_n for_o his_o defence_n for_o if_o he_o have_v justify_v the_o suppose_a scandal_n and_o prove_v it_o it_o have_v be_v no_o scandal_n &_o the_o jury_n must_v have_v acquit_v he_o if_o he_o have_v plead_v not_o guilty_a and_o for_o the_o word_n prove_v against_o he_o he_o must_v have_v pay_v damage_n to_o the_o earl_n as_o the_o jury_n shall_v have_v assess_v and_o this_o have_v be_v and_o be_v the_o only_a way_n of_o trial_n in_o such_o a_o case_n and_o be_v according_a to_o the_o statute_n of_o magna_fw-la charta_fw-la and_o the_o law_n of_o the_o land_n and_o it_o be_v a_o maxim_n in_o law_n that_o where_o remedy_n may_v be_v have_v by_o a_o ordinary_a course_n in_o law_n the_o party_n grieve_v shall_v never_o have_v his_o recourse_n to_o extraordinary_n therefore_o if_o a_o man_n shall_v say_v of_o the_o lord_n chancellor_n or_o lord_n keeper_n of_o the_o great_a seal_n that_o he_o be_v a_o corrupt_a judge_n and_o that_o he_o give_v a_o corrupt_a judgement_n in_o such_o a_o cause_n depend_v before_o he_o upon_o a_o english_a bill_n in_o chancery_n the_o lord_n chancellor_n or_o lord_n keeper_n remedy_n against_o that_o person_n for_o this_o scandal_n be_v upon_o these_o statute_n and_o not_o by_o a_o english_a bill_n in_o chancery_n before_o himself_o to_o be_v
commonwealth_n to_o punish_v a_o ill_a member_n then_o to_o reward_v a_o good_a act_n we_o also_o affirm_v that_o a_o state_n or_o a_o commonwealth_n that_o will_v keep_v itself_o in_o good_a order_n and_o free_a from_o ruin_n must_v cherish_v impeachment_n and_o accusation_n of_o the_o people_n against_o those_o that_o through_o ambition_n avarice_n pride_n cruelty_n or_o oppression_n seek_v to_o destroy_v the_o liberty_n or_o property_n of_o the_o people_n so_o shall_v they_o keep_v their_o estate_n free_a from_o envy_n and_o secure_a from_o supplantation_n for_o it_o be_v a_o efficacious_a mean_n to_o continue_v the_o people_n in_o a_o fair_a obsequency_n to_o parley_v often_o with_o they_o upon_o their_o grievance_n and_o to_o provide_v speedy_a and_o proper_a remedy_n we_o therefore_o humble_o desire_v you_o to_o take_v into_o your_o serious_a consideration_n the_o great_a oppression_n commit_v by_o these_o countrey-committee_n who_o think_v there_o be_v no_o better_a way_n to_o 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government_n but_o if_o they_o shall_v say_v in_o defence_n of_o their_o action_n that_o they_o only_o poll_v the_o royal_a parley_n and_o such_o as_o have_v be_v in_o arm_n against_o the_o parl_n we_o wish_v they_o be_v so_o innocent_a as_o they_o pretend_v rhemselve_n &_o that_o they_o will_v pay_v the_o soldier_n better_o &_o clear_v their_o account_n to_o their_o master_n that_o have_v employ_v they_o which_o when_o they_o shall_v effect_v they_o shall_v receive_v our_o better_a opinion_n and_o till_o that_o time_n they_o must_v be_v content_a to_o labour_v under_o their_o cry_a accusation_n but_o admit_v their_o objection_n to_o be_v true_a yet_o we_o be_v of_o opinion_n that_o courteous_a and_o charitable_a act_n work_n much_o more_o in_o man_n mind_n that_o be_v subdue_v than_o those_o that_o be_v full_a of_o violence_n cruelty_n &_o hostility_n for_o seneca_n say_v mitius_n imperanti_fw-la melius_fw-la paretur_fw-la they_o be_v best_a obey_v that_o govern_v most_o mild_o and_o machiavelli_n ubi_fw-la supra_fw-la p._n 542._o observe_n that_o one_o act_n of_o humanity_n be_v of_o more_o force_n with_o the_o conquer_a falisci_n than_o many_o violent_a act_n of_o hostility_n therefore_o we_o wish_v these_o eager_a committe-man_n to_o consider_v for_o the_o good_a of_o the_o state_n they_o pretend_v to_o serve_v that_o it_o be_v commodious_a for_o those_o that_o lay_v the_o foundation_n of_o a_o new_a state_n or_o sovereignty_n to_o have_v the_o fame_n of_o be_v just_a and_o merciful_a for_o as_o justice_n and_o clemency_n in_o good_a prince_n or_o sovereign_n be_v the_o best_a mean_n to_o keep_v the_o subject_n fast_o bind_v unto_o they_o in_o obedience_n and_o duty_n so_o be_v cruelty_n oppression_n and_o rage_n bridle_v wherewith_o tyrant_n keep_v their_o subject_n in_o awe_n and_o subjection_n unto_o they_o and_o themselves_o in_o their_o estate_n and_o let_v these_o committee-man_n so_o order_v their_o action_n in_o screw_v the_o country_n that_o they_o sow_v not_o a_o jealousy_n among_o the_o freeborn_a people_n of_o england_n that_o they_o intend_v to_o hold_v up_o that_o common_a maxim_n of_o all_o oppress_a state_n which_o be_v that_o their_o interest_n be_v to_o maintain_v the_o public_a wealthy_a and_o the_o particular_a poor_a which_o if_o once_o the_o common_a people_n apprehend_v they_o be_v not_o long_o to_o be_v hold_v in_o obedience_n for_o where_o a_o state_n hold_v their_o subject_n under_o the_o condition_n of_o slave_n the_o conquest_n thereof_o be_v easy_a and_o soon_o assure_v and_o when_o a_o force_a government_n shall_v decay_v in_o strength_n it_o will_v suffer_v as_o do_v the_o old_a lion_n for_o the_o opprssion_n do_v in_o his_o youth_n be_v pinch_v by_o the_o wolf_n gore_v by_o the_o bull_n and_o kick_v also_o by_o the_o ass_n as_o sir_n walter_n raleigh_n l._n 5._o fol._n 501._o witty_o observe_v and_o then_o when_o it_o be_v too_o late_o they_o complain_v of_o their_o hard_a fortune_n for_o sorrow_n can_v give_v remedy_n to_o mischief_n past_a and_o anger_n be_v vain_a where_o there_o want_v force_n to_o revenge_v correct_v those_o merciless_a son_n of_o cerberus_n those_o greedy_a gaoler_n excessive_a demand_n and_o extortion_n of_o fee_n from_o their_o distress_a prisoner_n suffer_v not_o that_o vengeance_n which_o the_o complaint_n and_o groan_n of_o those_o miserable_a and_o oppress_a soul_n will_v draw_v down_o from_o the_o most_o just_a god_n for_o this_o kind_n of_o oppression_n to_o fall_v upon_o your_o head_n by_o your_o connivance_n at_o and_o toleration_n of_o their_o exaction_n and_o if_o that_o can_v move_v you_o yet_o let_v we_o advise_v you_o not_o to_o permit_v they_o to_o create_v precedent_n of_o oppression_n to_o enslave_v your_o posterity_n in_o future_a time_n for_o who_o know_v what_o a_o day_n may_v bring_v forth_o there_o be_v no_o new_a thing_n under_o the_o sun_n therefore_o there_o be_v no_o confidence_n to_o be_v have_v in_o our_o present_a condition_n since_o as_o the_o preacher_n tell_v we_o eccles_n 1._o 4._o one_o generation_n pass_v and_o another_o come_v but_o the_o earth_n endure_v for_o ever_o be_v just_a and_o merciful_a therefore_o o_o you_o ruler_n and_o judge_n of_o the_o earth_n and_o remember_v that_o for_o all_o these_o thing_n you_o shall_v one_o day_n be_v bring_v to_o judgement_n and_o this_o consideration_n prompt_v we_o further_a to_o entreat_v and_o implore_v you_o to_o keep_v and_o observe_v the_o know_v write_v and_o promulge_v law_n of_o this_o land_n if_o you_o keep_v they_o they_o will_v keep_v you_o abolish_v and_o abandon_v as_o a_o infectious_a disease_n to_o your_o state_n all_o arbitrary_a power_n and_o discretionary_a government_n in_o prerogative_n time_n false_o call_v the_o prudentiall_a way_n there_o be_v nothing_o of_o worse_a example_n in_o a_o republic_n then_o to_o have_v good_a law_n and_o not_o to_o observe_v they_o good_a government_n procure_v love_n from_o the_o subject_a and_o it_o be_v only_o their_o love_n that_o support_v a_o state_n in_o time_n of_o adversity_n the_o nation_n that_o endure_v the_o worst_a under_o their_o own_o governor_n be_v not_o great_o fearful_a of_o a_o foreign_a yoke_n whereas_o man_n when_o they_o be_v well_o govern_v never_o seek_v after_o other_o liberty_n that_o government_n be_v of_o all_o most_o sure_a where_o the_o people_n take_v joy_n in_o their_o obedience_n the_o samnite_n rebel_v against_o the_o roman_n because_o peace_n be_v more_o grievous_a to_o they_o in_o subjection_n than_o war_n to_o those_o that_o enjoy_v their_o liberty_n and_o on_o the_o contrary_a petillia_n a_o city_n of_o the_o brutian_o in_o italy_n choose_v rather_o to_o endure_v all_o extremity_n of_o war_n from_o hannibal_n then_o upon_o any_o condition_n to_o forsake_v the_o roman_n who_o have_v govern_v they_o moderate_o and_o by_o that_o good_a government_n procure_v their_o love_n yea_o even_o at_o the_o time_n when_o the_o roman_n send_v they_o word_n they_o be_v not_o