be_v executrix_fw-la to_o some_o other_o person_n and_o in_o that_o right_n have_v good_n movable_a these_o be_v not_o devest_v out_o of_o she_o because_o she_o have_v they_o not_o mere_o to_o her_o own_o use_n but_o as_o represent_v the_o person_n of_o another_o but_o whether_o then_o may_v she_o without_o her_o husband_n licence_n or_o assent_v in_o respect_n of_o she_o be_v a_o executor_n and_o for_o continuation_n of_o this_o executorship_n make_v executor_n and_o consequent_o a_o will_n or_o not_o hereabout_o have_v be_v much_o diversity_n of_o opinion_n some_o book_n general_o speak_v that_o the_o wife_n may_v make_v a_o executor_n but_o speak_v nothing_o of_o the_o husband_n assent_n 27._o whether_o necessary_a or_o not_o elsewhere_o we_o find_v it_o mention_v that_o if_o the_o husband_n after_o the_o wife_n death_n countermand_n some_o book_n false_a print_v say_v command_v the_o prove_v of_o his_o wife_n will_v 21._o than_o it_o lose_v all_o force_n or_o become_v void_a and_o of_o no_o value_n but_o in_o this_o case_n be_v no_o mention_n in_o what_o state_n this_o wife_n stand_v viz._n whether_o she_o be_v executor_n or_o not_o no_o nor_o so_o much_o as_o whether_o she_o have_v any_o thing_n in_o action_n or_o chatell_n real_a or_o not_o so_o as_o nothing_o in_o particularity_n can_v be_v ground_v upon_o that_o case_n but_o there_o be_v express_a opinion_n that_o the_o husband_n assent_n be_v absolute_o necessary_a even_o in_o this_o case_n inst_n so_o as_o without_o it_o the_o wife_n make_v a_o executor_n shall_v be_v mere_o void_a and_o consequent_o he_o to_o who_o she_o be_v executor_n shall_v now_o by_o her_o death_n be_v dead_a intestate_a and_o of_o this_o opinion_n be_v babington_n chief_a justice_n in_o the_o begin_n of_o henry_n the_o six_o his_o time_n 31._o yet_o contrary_a hereunto_o be_v the_o opinion_n of_o fineux_n chief_a justice_n in_o the_o time_n of_o king_n henry_n the_o seven_o b._n viz._n that_o where_o the_o wife_n be_v a_o executor_n she_o may_v also_o make_v a_o will_n and_o a_o executor_n without_o any_o consent_n or_o assent_v of_o her_o husband_n 27._o and_o to_o this_o opinion_n do_v master_n perkins_n after_o consideration_n of_o the_o book_n on_o both_o side_n incline_v but_o some_o will_v say_v that_o since_o all_o this_o in_o the_o late_a queen_n time_n this_o have_v be_v contrary_o resolve_v 〈…〉_z viz._n in_o the_o case_n between_o andrew_n ognell_n plaintiff_n and_o vnderhill_n and_o apleby_n defendant_n in_o the_o end_n of_o which_o case_n it_o be_v in_o express_a term_n say_v to_o have_v be_v then_o resolve_v that_o a_o femme_fw-fr covert_n or_o marry_a woman_n b._n can_v not_o make_v a_o executor_n without_o the_o consent_n of_o her_o husband_n to_o this_o i_o answer_v that_o this_o case_n be_v to_o be_v construe_v with_o relation_n ad_fw-la materiam_fw-la subjectam_fw-la viz._n to_o the_o matter_n and_o point_n in_o question_n and_o under_o consideration_n which_o be_v that_o state_n of_o a_o woman_n whereof_o we_o have_v before_o speak_v viz._n one_o have_v thing_n in_o action_n debt_n or_o duty_n to_o her_o belong_v aâ—_n therein_o particular_a it_o be_v arrearage_n of_o rent_n due_a to_o the_o woman_n before_o marriage_n as_o for_o the_o point_n of_o a_o woman_n executor_n to_o another_o person_n it_o be_v never_o in_o that_o case_n under_o disceptation_n no_o nor_o once_o mention_v in_o the_o debate_n or_o argument_n thereupon_o now_o consider_v the_o very_a form_n and_o phrase_n of_o judgement_n at_o the_o common_a law_n which_o be_v thus_o viz._n ideo_fw-la consideratum_fw-la est_fw-la per_fw-la curiam_fw-la etc._n etc._n not_o adjudicatum_fw-la est_fw-la that_o be_v it_o be_v consider_v by_o the_o court_n not_o in_o express_a term_n that_o it_o be_v adjudge_v this_o i_o say_v well_o observe_v as_o to_o i_o it_o seem_v very_o remarkable_a give_v we_o to_o know_v that_o no_o more_o be_v adjudge_v then_o be_v consider_v of_o the_o judgement_n be_v contain_v and_o clasp_v up_o in_o the_o word_n consideratum_fw-la est_fw-la wherefore_o since_o in_o ognells_n case_n the_o point_n of_o a_o woman_n covert_n ability_n in_o case_n where_o she_o be_v a_o executor_n to_o make_v a_o will_n and_o executor_n have_v not_o be_v consider_v of_o the_o eye_n tongue_n nor_o thought_n of_o the_o judge_n be_v not_o once_o set_v upon_o it_o it_o can_v be_v that_o that_o point_n be_v there_o resolve_v or_o adjudge_v beside_o even_o in_o a_o few_o word_n express_v as_o to_o i_o it_o seem_v the_o reason_n of_o that_o resolution_n it_o appear_v not_o to_o have_v be_v the_o intent_n of_o the_o judge_n that_o the_o same_o shall_v reach_v or_o extend_v to_o this_o case_n of_o a_o woman_n covert_a executor_n for_o it_o be_v add_v as_o the_o reason_n of_o the_o judgement_n in_o my_o conceive_n that_o the_o administration_n of_o the_o wife_n good_n do_v of_o right_a belong_v to_o the_o husband_n which_o amount_v to_o this_o in_o my_o understanding_n viz._n that_o where_o the_o wife_n make_v of_o a_o will_n and_o consequent_o of_o a_o executor_n may_v be_v prejudicial_a to_o her_o husband_n and_o prevent_v he_o of_o some_o benefit_n or_o advantage_n or_o tend_v to_o his_o loss_n and_o disadvantage_n there_o it_o shall_v not_o be_v avaylable_a or_o effectual_a without_o his_o assent_n and_o therefore_o not_o in_o the_o case_n of_o she_o who_o have_v debt_n or_o duty_n to_o her_o due_a will_v by_o make_v another_o to_o be_v her_o executor_n exclude_v or_o preclude_v her_o husband_n from_o that_o benefit_n which_o to_o he_o shall_v pertain_v as_o administrator_n of_o her_o good_n now_o as_o for_o the_o good_n debt_n or_o credit_n to_o she_o as_o executor_n to_o some_o other_o pertain_v no_o benefit_n can_v redound_v to_o the_o husband_n by_o have_v such_o administration_n of_o his_o wife_n good_n for_o those_o shall_v go_v and_o be_v to_o the_o next_o of_o kin_n of_o the_o wife_n testator_n take_v administration_n de_fw-fr bonis_fw-la non_fw-la administratis_fw-la of_o he_o if_o â—hee_o have_v no_o executor_n &_o therefore_o her_o make_v a_o executor_n as_o touch_v these_o bring_v no_o hurt_n nor_o prejudice_n to_o her_o husband_n and_o so_o be_v out_o of_o the_o reason_n of_o ognells_n case_n since_o than_o it_o be_v so_o and_o since_o the_o law_n favour_v will_n and_o it_o be_v by_o implication_n part_n of_o his_o will_n who_o make_v her_o executor_n that_o she_o shall_v have_v power_n to_o continue_v his_o executorship_n by_o make_v another_o to_o succeed_v therein_o after_o her_o decease_n for_o performance_n of_o his_o will_n why_o shall_v the_o law_n give_v to_o the_o husband_n who_o can_v receive_v no_o prejudice_n thereby_o power_n to_o give_v impediment_n thereunto_o for_o frustra_fw-la est_fw-la inutilis_fw-la potentia_fw-la even_o reason_n itself_o frame_v and_o award_v against_o he_o in_o this_o case_n a_o quare_fw-la impedit_fw-la or_o rather_o a_o non_fw-la impediet_fw-la as_o to_o i_o it_o seem_v wherefore_o to_o conclude_v i_o take_v it_o that_o the_o opinion_n of_o fineux_n be_v good_a law_n in_o that_o point_n of_o a_o fâ—me_n covert_a executor_n though_o not_o in_o the_o other_o point_n where_o she_o only_o have_v debt_n or_o thing_n in_o action_n to_o herself_o due_a for_o therein_o the_o say_a resolution_n in_o ognells_n case_n ground_v upon_o good_a reason_n give_v i_o satisfaction_n to_o differ_v from_o fineux_n who_o make_v no_o difference_n between_o the_o case_n hold_v the_o husband_n assent_n needle_n in_o both_o posito_fw-la then_o that_o the_o wife_n of_o i._o s._n have_v debt_n due_a to_o herself_o and_o be_v also_o executrix_n to_o i._n d._n make_v without_o her_o husband_n assent_n i._n n._n her_o executor_n and_o die_v what_o shall_v we_o now_o say_v shall_v we_o say_v that_o as_o touch_v the_o good_n and_o credit_n or_o thing_n in_o action_n to_o she_o as_o executrix_fw-la of_o i._n d._n pertain_v this_o will_n stand_v good_a and_o i._o n._n as_o her_o executor_n may_v prove_v it_o contrary_a to_o her_o husband_n will_n and_o that_o as_o to_o the_o credit_n to_o herself_o in_o her_o own_o right_n pertain_v the_o will_n be_v void_a void_a &_o thereof_o her_o husband_n may_v take_v administration_n shall_v she_o die_v both_o testate_a and_o intestate_a with_o a_o will_n and_o without_o a_o will_n shall_v she_o have_v both_o a_o executor_n and_o administrator_n why_o not_o note_n to_o several_a purpose_n aswell_o as_o where_o a_o executor_n be_v make_v only_o for_o one_o particular_a thing_n or_o one_o place_n the_o testator_n may_v elsewhere_o die_v intestate_a and_o so_o where_o the_o executorship_n be_v divide_v as_o before_o be_v show_v and_o one_o to_o who_o part_n be_v commit_v will_v prove_v the_o will_n but_o the_o other_o to_o who_o other_o part_n of_o the_o executorship_n be_v commit_v will_v not_o take_v it_o upon_o he_o here_o
must_v needs_o be_v a_o die_a for_o part_v testate_a and_o for_o part_v intestate_a as_o for_o the_o second_o point_n viz._n wife_n or_o woman_n covert_n be_v make_v executor_n and_o so_o have_v the_o office_n of_o executorship_n put_v upon_o they_o against_o their_o husband_n will_n 119._o there_o have_v also_o be_v diversity_n of_o opinion_n in_o the_o time_n of_o king_n edward_n 1_o brab_n justice_n say_v she_o may_v executor_n without_o her_o husband_n and_o the_o administration_n shall_v be_v deliver_v to_o she_o only_o and_o i_o think_v he_o mean_v that_o this_o may_v be_v without_o the_o consent_n of_o her_o husband_n or_o whether_o he_o will_v or_o not_o for_o so_o be_v it_o say_v in_o the_o time_n of_o king_n henry_n the_o seven_o to_o be_v the_o law_n spiritual_a b._n and_o indeed_o in_o court_n spiritual_a no_o difference_n be_v make_v between_o woman_n marry_v and_o unmarried_a for_o aught_o i_o can_v find_v there_o a_o wife_n sue_v and_o be_v sue_v alone_o without_o her_o husband_n he_o intermeddle_v not_o nor_o be_v intermedle_v withal_o touch_v the_o thing_n pertain_v to_o his_o wife_n but_o at_o the_o common_a law_n it_o be_v otherwise_o and_o there_o as_o bryan_n chief_a justice_n say_v 15._o a_o wife_n without_o the_o assent_n of_o her_o husband_n can_v be_v executor_n he_o mean_v thereby_o that_o the_o husband_n may_v oppose_v and_o hinder_v it_o for_o such_o a_o one_o may_v be_v name_v executor_n in_o and_o by_o a_o will_n without_o the_o knowledge_n of_o her_o husband_n let_v we_o then_o see_v how_o after_o the_o death_n of_o the_o testator_n the_o husband_n can_v hinder_v she_o prove_v of_o the_o will_n or_o intermeddle_v to_o administer_v since_o it_o may_v be_v a_o matter_n both_o of_o much_o trouble_n and_o danger_n to_o he_o to_o have_v the_o executorship_n fasten_v upon_o his_o wife_n and_o consequent_o upon_o himself_o on_o the_o other_o side_n it_o may_v be_v a_o benefit_n and_o advantage_n to_o the_o husband_n and_o therefore_o we_o will_v also_o consider_v whether_o the_o husband_n may_v though_o his_o wife_n will_v refuse_v assume_v the_o executorship_n and_o fasten_v it_o upon_o she_o the_o testator_n therefore_o be_v dead_a and_o fame_n or_o common_a bruit_n carry_v it_o to_o the_o ordinary_a that_o the_o wife_n of_o i._o s._n be_v make_v executrix_fw-la if_o she_o come_v not_o in_o gratis_o or_o voluntary_o to_o prove_v the_o will_n process_n or_o a_o citation_n be_v to_o be_v send_v out_o of_o the_o spiritual_a court_n against_o she_o to_o enforce_v her_o come_n in_o to_o take_v on_o she_o the_o executorship_n she_o come_v may_v clear_o as_o well_o as_o any_o other_o person_n especial_o if_o her_o husband_n concur_v with_o she_o therein_o refuse_v this_o office_n trust_v and_o charge_n so_o as_o if_o there_o be_v no_o other_o executor_n name_v the_o ordinary_a must_v commit_v the_o administration_n if_o she_o shall_v not_o come_v and_o appear_v she_o shall_v be_v excommunicate_a as_o i_o take_v it_o notwithstanding_o any_o allegation_n or_o intimation_n by_o her_o husband_n of_o his_o unwillingness_n to_o have_v she_o take_v upon_o she_o the_o executorship_n but_o suppose_v she_o do_v come_v into_o court_n and_o offer_v herself_o ready_a to_o take_v the_o executorship_n upon_o she_o and_o on_o the_o other_o side_n her_o husband_n express_v he_o disassent_v thereunto_o pray_v that_o she_o may_v not_o have_v the_o execution_n of_o the_o will_n to_o she_o commit_v what_o will_v then_o be_v do_v this_o i_o confess_v pertain_v to_o another_o learning_n and_o not_o to_o that_o of_o our_o profession_n but_o forasmuch_o as_o i_o find_v that_o in_o the_o court_v spiritual_a a_o wife_n stand_v in_o the_o same_o plight_n and_o state_n as_o a_o woman_n sole_a the_o husband_n not_o intermedle_v with_o all_o in_o the_o affair_n of_o the_o wife_n therefore_o do_v i_o conceive_v that_o in_o that_o court_n the_o husband_n refusal_n will_v not_o be_v of_o force_n to_o hinder_v the_o commit_n of_o the_o executorship_n to_o the_o wife_n not_o refuse_v at_o least_o if_o there_o come_v not_o a_o prohibition_n to_o stay_v the_o spiritual_a court_n such_o proceed_n but_o whether_o a_o prohibition_n be_v in_o such_o a_o case_n to_o be_v grant_v or_o not_o as_o i_o find_v no_o resolution_n in_o my_o book_n so_o will_v i_o not_o take_v upon_o i_o to_o resolve_v this_o stand_v clear_a in_o the_o rule_n of_o the_o law_n of_o england_n 1._o that_o the_o wife_n be_v under_o the_o husband_n power_n and_o can_v contradict_v he_o in_o plead_v and_o do_v other_o act_n even_o touch_v she_o own_o freehold_a 24._o nay_o she_o can_v take_v land_n nor_o good_n by_o gift_n or_o conveyance_n without_o her_o husband_n assent_n as_o the_o law_n have_v be_v and_o for_o aught_o i_o know_v be_v take_v but_o if_o once_o the_o will_v be_v prove_v and_o the_o execution_n thereof_o commit_v to_o the_o wife_n though_o against_o her_o husband_n mind_n and_o consent_n i_o think_v it_o will_v stand_v sirme_a and_o the_o husband_n and_o wife_n be_v after_o sue_v can_v say_v that_o she_o be_v never_o executrix_fw-la and_o i_o doubt_v whether_o the_o wife_n administer_a without_o the_o husband_n privity_n and_o assent_n although_o the_o will_v be_v not_o prove_v do_v not_o conclude_v her_o husband_n as_o well_o as_o herself_o from_o say_v after_o in_o any_o suit_n against_o they_o that_o she_o neither_o be_v executor_n nor_o do_v ever_o administer_v as_o executor_n husband_n yet_o perhaps_o this_o administration_n by_o the_o wife_n against_o her_o husband_n mind_n will_v as_o against_o he_o be_v as_o a_o void_a act_n else_o can_v i_o see_v how_o brian_n opinion_n before_o cite_v viz._n that_o the_o wife_n shall_v not_o be_v a_o executor_n without_o or_o against_o her_o husband_n mind_n can_v be_v law_n on_o the_o other_o side_n if_o the_o husband_n of_o a_o woman_n name_v executor_n will_v have_v his_o wife_n to_o take_v upon_o she_o the_o execution_n of_o the_o will_n wife_n and_o to_o prove_v the_o same_o but_o she_o will_v not_o assent_v thereunto_o wish_v perhaps_o that_o gain_n and_o benefit_n rather_o to_o some_o of_o her_o kindred_n by_o way_n of_o administration_n then_o to_o her_o own_o husband_n by_o her_o executorship_n as_o sometime_o wife_n accord_v not_o well_o with_o their_o husband_n in_o this_o case_n i_o think_v the_o court_n spiritual_a will_v not_o fasten_v the_o executorship_n upon_o the_o wife_n against_o she_o will_n but_o dato_fw-la that_o the_o husband_n though_o the_o will_v be_v not_o prove_v do_v administer_v as_o in_o the_o wife_n right_a but_o against_o her_o mind_n and_o will_n shall_v she_o be_v now_o hereby_o bind_v and_o conclude_v so_o as_o after_o she_o can_v decline_v or_o avoid_v the_o executorship_n and_o sure_o i_o think_v that_o during_o her_o husband_n life_n she_o stand_v conclude_v at_o the_o common_a law_n for_o that_o there_o she_o shall_v not_o be_v nor_o can_v be_v sue_v alone_o as_o executor_n and_o then_o be_v sue_v with_o he_o she_o must_v join_v in_o plea_n with_o he_o viz._n that_o she_o neither_o be_v executor_n nor_o administer_v as_o executor_n and_o then_o this_o act_n of_o her_o husband_n give_v in_o evidence_n will_v as_o i_o take_v it_o cause_n that_o the_o verdict_n be_v find_v against_o she_o bill_n not_o so_o after_o her_o husband_n death_n then_o she_o may_v refuse_v as_o the_o lord_n dyar_n say_v and_o cit_v as_o resolve_v these_o thing_n i_o think_v good_a to_o offer_v to_o consideration_n and_o so_o leave_v they_o without_o resolution_n difference_n perhaps_o may_v be_v where_o a_o woman_n so_o make_v executor_n take_v a_o husband_n after_o the_o testator_n death_n before_o either_o prove_v or_o refuse_v to_o prove_v the_o will_n and_o where_o she_o be_v make_v executor_n during_o the_o coverture_n as_o there_o be_v in_o case_n of_o a_o descent_n of_o her_o land_n to_o the_o heir_n of_o a_o disseasor_n for_o when_o there_o be_v upon_o she_o such_o a_o state_n of_o election_n she_o marry_v before_o her_o resolution_n or_o determination_n do_v upon_o the_o matter_n deliver_v it_o into_o the_o husband_n hand_n not_o so_o where_o it_o first_o find_v and_o fall_v upon_o she_o in_o the_o state_n of_o coverture_n if_o the_o husband_n be_v indebt_v to_o the_o testator_n this_o make_n of_o the_o wife_n executor_n be_v as_o i_o take_v it_o a_o release_n in_o law_n as_o well_o as_o if_o she_o be_v the_o debtor_n but_o if_o after_o the_o testator_n death_n she_o do_v marry_v such_o a_o debtor_n it_o be_v a_o devastation_n the_o three_o point_n touch_v the_o administration_n or_o execution_n of_o the_o office_n of_o executor_n by_o a_o femme_fw-fr covert_n and_o her_o husband_n we_o will_v now_o come_v to_o admit_v the_o execution_n of_o the_o will_v assume_v by_o concurrent_a consent_n of_o husband_n
by_o a_o wrongful_a person_n and_o in_o suttons_n case_n it_o be_v express_o hold_v that_o each_o executor_n shall_v answer_v for_o so_o much_o as_o he_o waste_v now_o for_o the_o five_o and_o last_o point_n viz._n how_o and_o in_o what_o manner_n relief_n shall_v be_v have_v upon_o this_o point_n of_o waste_v for_o he_o to_o who_o it_o pertain_v first_o this_o be_v to_o be_v observe_v that_o in_o case_n where_o the_o verdict_n pass_v direct_o against_o the_o plaintiff_n no_o devastation_n can_v come_v in_o question_n for_o that_o no_o judgement_n be_v for_o the_o plaintiff_n no_o writ_n of_o execution_n can_v issue_v and_o therefore_o if_o upon_o the_o issue_n of_o full_o administer_v it_o shall_v appear_v that_o there_o have_v be_v a_o devastation_n which_o cause_v asset_n to_o fail_v reg_fw-la then_o must_v the_o jury_n find_v that_o the_o defendant_n have_v asset_n and_o not_o find_v a_o devastation_n as_o be_v resolve_v in_o the_o king_n bench_n in_o the_o late_a queen_n time_n between_o hankeford_n and_o metford_n for_o there_o the_o jury_n find_v a_o devastation_n viz._n a_o surrender_n of_o a_o lease_n for_o year_n leave_v by_o the_o testator_n it_o be_v hold_v void_a and_o nugatory_n and_o be_v not_o regard_v by_o the_o court_n which_o say_v that_o must_v come_v in_o by_o the_o sheriff_n return_v viz._n upon_o the_o fieri_fw-la fac_fw-la thus_o asset_n be_v find_v in_o the_o executor_n hand_n judgement_n be_v give_v for_o the_o plaintiff_n to_o recover_v his_o debt_n and_o to_o have_v it_o levy_v of_o these_o asset_n nor_o be_v this_o find_n of_o they_o by_o a_o jury_n against_o truth_n though_o they_o be_v waste_v and_o so_o not_o to_o be_v have_v in_o kind_n for_o the_o executor_n have_v they_o in_o right_a since_o he_o have_v not_o rightful_o part_v from_o they_o according_a to_o the_o rule_n propossessore_fw-la habetur_fw-la qui_fw-la dolo_fw-la or_o injuria_fw-la desiit_fw-la possidere_fw-la as_o in_o the_o case_n first_o put_v this_o waste_a can_v come_v in_o question_n for_o want_v of_o a_o judgement_n for_o the_o plaintiff_n so_o also_o where_o the_o judgement_n itself_o extend_v to_o the_o executor_n own_o good_n by_o reason_n of_o some_o false_a plea_n whereof_o we_o shall_v after_o consider_v for_o since_o that_o the_o consequence_n and_o effect_n of_o a_o vastation_n be_v but_o to_o make_v the_o executor_n own_o proper_a good_n liable_a to_o the_o debt_n of_o the_o creditor_n this_o be_v altogether_o needless_a where_o the_o judgement_n itself_o have_v lay_v hold_n on_o his_o good_n but_o now_o in_o case_n where_o the_o judgement_n extend_v only_o to_o the_o testator_n good_n in_o the_o executor_n hand_n let_v we_o find_v the_o way_n to_o relieve_v the_o creditor_n in_o case_n the_o testator_n good_n be_v waste_v by_o misadministr_a or_o otherwise_o for_o hereabout_o the_o right_a way_n have_v often_o be_v miss_v and_o again_o easy_o may_v be_v in_o the_o latter_a end_n of_o the_o late_a queen_n time_n this_o course_n be_v take_v case_n viz._n the_o sheriff_n return_v general_o that_o the_o executor_n have_v no_o good_n 32_o a_o surmise_n be_v enter_v that_o the_o executor_n have_v convert_v to_o his_o own_o use_n the_o testator_n good_n whereupon_o a_o writ_n be_v award_v to_o the_o sheriff_n to_o inquire_v thereof_o by_o jury_n or_o enquest_n which_o he_o do_v and_o return_v that_o it_o be_v find_v that_o the_o executor_n have_v waste_v the_o good_n and_o thereupon_o a_o scire_fw-la facias_fw-la be_v award_v against_o the_o executor_n to_o show_v cause_n why_o execution_n shall_v not_o be_v of_o his_o own_o good_n and_o upon_o two_o nihil_n return_v execution_n be_v so_o award_v but_o a_o writ_n of_o error_n be_v hereupon_o bring_v and_o although_o it_o be_v say_v for_o defence_n of_o that_o course_n that_o it_o be_v usual_a in_o the_o common_a plea_n and_o more_o favourable_a than_o the_o other_o course_n where_o the_o sheriff_n only_o return_v the_o waste_a or_o be_v sole_a judge_n thereof_o whereas_o here_o it_o be_v find_v by_o a_o inquest_n of_o juror_n and_o thereupon_o a_o scire_fw-la facias_fw-la award_v yet_o do_v the_o court_n resolve_v the_o contrary_a and_o reverse_v this_o execution_n as_o erroneous_a for_o it_o be_v say_v that_o upon_o the_o sheriff_n return_v of_o nulla_fw-la bona_fw-la viz._n that_o there_o be_v no_o good_n of_o the_o testator_n to_o be_v find_v the_o plaintiff_n shall_v have_v a_o special_a writ_n of_o fieri_fw-la facias_fw-la 9_o will_v the_o sheriff_n to_o levy_v the_o sum_n recover_v etc._n either_o of_o the_o good_n of_o the_o testator_n or_o if_o it_o can_v appear_v that_o the_o executor_n have_v waste_v the_o testator_n then_o to_o levy_v it_o of_o his_o own_o good_n and_o this_o way_n as_o be_v say_v the_o executor_n have_v good_a remedy_n by_o action_n against_o the_o sheriff_n if_o without_o just_a cause_n he_o levy_v it_o of_o his_o good_n 11._o but_o the_o other_o way_n viz._n when_o inquest_n be_v thereupon_o take_v the_o remedy_n fail_v since_o neither_o sheriff_n do_v according_a to_o the_o inquest_n can_v be_v punish_v nor_o the_o juror_n find_v false_o be_v subject_n to_o any_o attaint_n it_o be_v no_o verdict_n upon_o issue_n join_v but_o a_o inquest_n of_o office_n which_o exclude_v also_o all_o challenge_n of_o juror_n and_o whereas_o that_o book_n mention_n the_o sheriff_n subjection_n to_o action_n only_o in_o case_n of_o his_o mis-feasance_a or_o do_v wrong_n i_o conceive_v that_o he_o be_v likewise_o suable_a for_o omission_n or_o nonfeasance_n in_o this_o case_n viz._n for_o not_o levy_v the_o debt_n upon_o the_o executor_n own_o good_n where_o proof_n be_v make_v of_o his_o waste_n and_o where_o the_o book_n mention_n this_o fieri_fw-la facias_fw-la to_o be_v in_o this_o manner_n upon_o the_o sheriff_n return_v in_o a_o scire_fw-la facias_fw-la 32._o doubtless_o the_o book_n therein_o be_v misprint_v and_o shall_v be_v a_o fieri_fw-la facias_fw-la for_o in_o a_o sciri_n facias_fw-la the_o sheriff_n can_v return_v nothing_o but_o that_o he_o have_v warn_v the_o party_n or_o that_o he_o have_v nothing_o where_o by_o he_o may_v be_v warn_v this_o then_o be_v the_o course_n there_o prescribe_v that_o first_o a_o general_a fieri_fw-la facias_fw-la go_v out_o and_o that_o thereupon_o the_o sheriff_n return_v general_o that_o the_o defendant_n have_v no_o good_n of_o the_o testator_n and_o that_o thereupon_o the_o say_v special_a writ_n be_v to_o issue_n yet_o in_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o late_a queen_n time_n the_o verdict_n pass_v for_o the_o plaintiff_n upon_o the_o issue_n of_o full_o administer_v case_n the_o sheriff_n be_v not_o permit_v to_o make_v such_o a_o general_a return_n of_o no_o good_n to_o be_v find_v of_o the_o testator_n but_o be_v enforce_v by_o the_o court_n upon_o good_a advisement_n either_o to_o levy_v the_o debt_n or_o to_o return_v a_o devastavit_fw-la and_o so_o be_v do_v at_o last_o by_o the_o sheriff_n of_o london_n much_o against_o their_o mind_n and_o thereupon_o go_v out_o a_o writ_n to_o levy_v the_o debt_n of_o the_o executor_n own_o good_n first_o into_o london_n and_o after_o into_o devonshire_n upon_o a_o testatum_fw-la that_o the_o executor_n have_v good_n there_o and_o it_o be_v there_o say_v that_o if_o no_o good_n can_v be_v there_o find_v than_o the_o plaintiff_n may_v have_v a_o capias_fw-la to_o take_v the_o executor_n body_n in_o execution_n or_o a_o elegit_fw-la for_o the_o moiety_n of_o his_o land_n but_o certain_o i_o can_v find_v except_o with_o a_o difference_n how_o this_o course_n of_o enforce_v the_o sheriff_n to_o do_v one_o of_o these_o two_o can_v be_v just_a as_o neither_o can_v justice_n fulthorp_n 38._o in_o the_o time_n of_o king_n henry_n the_o six_o approve_v it_o for_o a_o jury_n of_o one_o county_n may_v find_v asset_n in_o another_o county_n as_o be_v resolve_v in_o the_o time_n of_o king_n henry_n the_o eight_o lay_v which_o yet_o be_v understand_v of_o good_n movable_a and_o not_o of_o land_n this_o then_o thus_o be_v if_o a_o jury_n of_o kent_n find_v asset_n which_o be_v in_o london_n or_o essex_n how_o can_v the_o sheriff_n of_o kent_n where_o the_o action_n be_v lay_v leafy_a the_o debt_n recover_v by_o or_o out_o of_o these_o good_n or_o since_o he_o can_v why_o shall_v he_o be_v compel_v to_o make_v a_o false_a return_n of_o a_o waste_a do_v when_o the_o good_n remain_v unspent_a and_o unwasted_a in_o another_o county_n why_o rather_o shall_v he_o not_o be_v suffer_v to_o return_v according_a to_o truth_n that_o there_o be_v nothing_o within_o his_o county_n or_o bayliwicke_n whereof_o the_o debt_n may_v be_v levy_v 8._o since_o even_o his_o oath_n tie_v he_o to_o make_v a_o true_a return_n nor_o be_v this_o contrary_a to_o the_o verdict_n find_v asset_n general_o and_o this_o so_o return_v upon_o
name_n of_o executor_n of_o the_o last_o will_n and_o testament_n of_o the_o defunct_a and_o then_o if_o he_o will_v deny_v himself_o so_o to_o be_v he_o must_v plead_v that_o he_o neither_o be_v executor_n propria_fw-la nor_o have_v administer_v as_o executor_n then_o the_o plaintiff_n must_v prove_v that_o he_o have_v administer_v in_o some_o such_o or_o the_o like_a sort_n as_o aforesaid_a and_o it_o have_v be_v divers_a time_n hold_v 46._o that_o where_o there_o be_v a_o right_a executor_n and_o yet_o another_o do_v administer_v by_o wrong_n 19_o it_o be_v at_o the_o election_n of_o creditor_n either_o to_o sue_v they_o joint_o together_o 15._o or_o one_o or_o both_o of_o they_o several_o and_o by_o himself_o 38._o but_o if_o where_o administration_n be_v commit_v another_o also_o administer_v by_o wrong_n these_o can_v be_v sue_v together_o as_o administrator_n 31._o for_o though_o one_o may_v be_v a_o executor_n by_o usurpation_n or_o wrong_n yet_o none_o can_v come_v to_o be_v a_o administrator_n by_o wrong_n since_o no_o other_o but_o such_o as_o receive_v that_o power_n from_o the_o ordinary_n can_v so_o be_v therefore_o in_o that_o case_n there_o be_v a_o necessity_n of_o sue_v he_o apart_o and_o by_o himself_o who_o so_o usurp_v administration_n by_o the_o name_n of_o a_o executor_n so_o if_o a_o administer_v the_o good_n of_o b._n not_o be_v executor_n nor_o administrator_n and_o after_o his_o such_o do_v and_o dispose_n of_o the_o good_n he_o obtain_v administration_n of_o the_o good_n of_o b._n but_o the_o good_n leave_v or_o come_v to_o his_o hand_n since_o the_o administration_n commit_v suffice_v not_o without_o the_o other_o debt_n receive_v or_o release_v or_o good_n sell_v before_o to_o satisfy_v creditor_n now_o if_o any_o sue_v a_o by_o the_o name_n of_o administrator_n 20._o he_o shall_v have_v no_o further_o relief_n than_o according_a to_o the_o value_n or_o extent_n of_o the_o good_n leave_v in_o or_o come_v into_o his_o hand_n since_o the_o administration_n commit_v and_o if_o those_o be_v full_o administer_v he_o shall_v get_v nothing_o if_o they_o remain_v unadministre_v but_o amount_v not_o full_o to_o his_o debt_n he_o must_v want_v so_o much_o of_o satisfaction_n and_o if_o he_o will_v be_v relieve_v or_o satisfy_v out_o of_o the_o good_n before_o dispose_v of_o he_o must_v sue_v a_o as_o executor_n of_o b_o conceive_v and_o so_o be_v it_o rule_v and_o resolve_v by_o gawdy_n and_o suit_n justice_n in_o the_o king_n bench_n in_o the_o late_a queen_n time_n viz._n tr._n 30._o eliz._n and_o if_o this_o now_o administrator_n will_v plead_v in_o abatement_n of_o this_o action_n that_o administration_n be_v commit_v to_o he_o and_o demand_v judgement_n if_o suit_n shall_v be_v against_o he_o as_o executor_n then_o the_o plaintiff_n must_v in_o this_o replication_n as_o i_o take_v it_o set_v forth_o the_o special_a matter_n viz._n how_o the_o defendant_n do_v administer_v before_o administration_n to_o he_o commit_v but_o if_o one_o to_o who_o administration_n be_v commit_v do_v devast_v and_o this_o administration_n be_v by_o suit_n repeal_v because_o he_o be_v not_o the_o next_o of_o kin_n and_o administration_n be_v commit_v to_o another_o now_o a_o creditor_n who_o will_v be_v relieve_v out_o of_o the_o good_n waste_v must_v sue_v that_o first_o as_o administrator_n and_o not_o as_o executor_n of_o his_o own_o wrong_n say_v popham_n chief_a justice_n for_o he_o do_v rightful_o administer_v for_o that_o time_n as_o for_o the_o three_o point_n viz._n how_o far_o this_o executor_n of_o his_o own_o wrong_n creditor_n become_v liable_a and_o obnoxious_a to_o suit_n consider_v we_o these_o thing_n first_o he_o become_v subject_a both_o to_o the_o action_n of_o the_o executor_n who_o have_v right_a to_o the_o good_n wrongful_o intermedle_v withal_o by_o he_o though_o it_o be_v before_o prove_v of_o the_o will_n and_o also_o to_o the_o action_n of_o the_o creditor_n who_o have_v right_a to_o the_o satisfaction_n of_o his_o debt_n second_o administrator_n as_o touch_v the_o measure_n how_o far_o he_o be_v engage_v doubtless_o he_o be_v not_o by_o his_o wrongful_a administer_a become_v chargeable_a with_o the_o whole_a account_n of_o the_o testator_n debt_n but_o only_o so_o far_o and_o with_o so_o much_o thereof_o as_o the_o good_n which_o he_o so_o wrongful_o administer_v amount_v unto_o and_o this_o seem_v to_o i_o prove_v by_o the_o case_n in_o the_o time_n of_o edward_n the_o three_o â—oc_fw-fr where_o the_o inquest_n find_v not_o only_o the_o administer_a or_o intermeddle_v by_o the_o executor_n wrongful_o but_o find_v also_o by_o direction_n of_o the_o court_n as_o it_o seem_v what_o the_o value_n be_v of_o the_o good_n so_o wrongful_o administer_v which_o have_v not_o be_v material_a if_o the_o administer_a of_o a_o penny_n have_v make_v one_o as_o far_o chargeable_a as_o the_o administer_a of_o a_o pound_n beside_o if_o it_o be_v so_o that_o a_o rightful_a executor_n waste_v good_n of_o the_o testator_n to_o the_o value_n of_o twenty_o pound_n shall_v be_v no_o further_o charge_v than_o that_o value_n then_o doubtless_o so_o shall_v it_o be_v also_o in_o this_o case_n for_o both_o be_v wrongful_a administration_n only_o this_o difference_n there_o be_v between_o they_o that_o in_o one_o case_n the_o administration_n be_v by_o a_o wrong_a person_n and_o in_o the_o other_o case_n in_o a_o wrong_a manner_n 12._o nay_o the_o lord_n dyer_n do_v not_o stick_v to_o call_v he_o who_o administer_v wrongful_o or_o in_o undue_a manner_n express_o a_o executor_n by_o wrong_n in_o the_o case_n of_o stokes_n against_o porter_n though_o he_o be_v rightful_o executor_n because_o he_o do_v dispose_v or_o execute_v wrongful_o as_o to_o the_o four_o point_n viz._n what_o act_v do_v to_o he_o or_o by_o he_o who_o be_v a_o executor_n of_o his_o own_o wrong_n force_n shall_v stand_v firm_a and_o good_a as_o do_v by_o or_o to_o the_o right_a executor_n suppose_v first_o that_o the_o decease_a be_v indebt_v to_o he_o twenty_o pound_n who_o thus_o usurp_v executorship_n whether_o may_v he_o pay_v himself_o or_o not_o and_o this_o point_n be_v in_o debate_n in_o the_o king_n bench_n between_o coulter_n and_o one_o ireland_n 30._o executor_n of_o hunt_n where_o it_o be_v strong_o object_v that_o notwithstanding_o the_o rightful_a executor_n or_o administrator_n may_v punish_v he_o and_o recover_v against_o he_o for_o the_o good_n which_o he_o administer_v yet_o another_o creditor_n sue_v he_o as_o executor_n general_o and_o so_o affirm_v he_o to_o be_v for_o there_o be_v no_o special_a form_n of_o writ_n or_o declaration_n to_o distinguish_v a_o executor_n by_o wrong_n from_o a_o rightful_a executor_n he_o stand_v as_o against_o he_o in_o the_o state_n of_o a_o rightful_a executor_n and_o therefore_o may_v first_o pay_v himself_o before_o he_o pay_v other_o and_o of_o that_o mind_n at_o the_o first_o be_v fenner_n and_o gawdy_n justice_n yet_o do_v they_o admit_v that_o this_o payment_n shall_v not_o stand_v good_a as_o against_o the_o rightful_a executor_n or_o administrator_n and_o popham_n and_o clinche_n hold_v strong_o that_o neither_o shall_v it_o stand_v good_a against_o other_o creditor_n for_o then_o every_o man_n will_v rush_v upon_o the_o testator_n good_n and_o be_v his_o own_o carver_n in_o payment_n and_o whereas_o it_o be_v say_v at_o the_o bar_n that_o the_o lord_n anderson_n upon_o a_o evidence_n at_o guild-hall_n have_v rule_v it_o otherwise_o popham_n at_o another_o day_n of_o debate_n of_o the_o say_a case_n relate_v that_o the_o l._n anderson_n do_v deny_v that_o he_o ever_o so_o rule_v or_o be_v of_o that_o opinion_n and_o further_o inform_v that_o both_o he_o and_o justice_n walmes_o periam_n and_o clarke_n baron_n do_v agree_v with_o popham_n and_o clinche_n in_o opinion_n after_o which_o justice_n gawdy_n as_o also_o fenner_n if_o i_o mistake_v not_o change_v their_o opinion_n and_o concur_v with_o the_o rest_n judgement_n be_v give_v according_o in_o the_o debate_n of_o this_o case_n question_n be_v make_v if_o such_o a_o executor_n by_o wrong_n pay_v a_o debt_n to_o another_o creditor_n by_o speciality_n whether_o this_o shall_v not_o stand_v firm_a and_o good_a since_o he_o stand_v liable_a to_o creditor_n so_o far_o as_o the_o good_n by_o he_o administer_v do_v amount_v and_o it_o be_v agree_v by_o the_o better_a opinion_n at_o least_o that_o this_o shall_v stand_v firm_a and_o good_a so_o as_o if_o the_o payment_n be_v out_o of_o his_o own_o good_n he_o may_v retain_v to_o himself_o in_o lieu_n thereof_o so_o much_o of_o the_o good_n of_o the_o testator_n for_o here_o he_o do_v not_o as_o in_o the_o other_o case_n advantage_n himself_o by_o his_o own_o wrong_n yet_o that_o opinion_n allow_v this_o payment_n to_o creditor_n must_v as_o i_o think_v be_v
the_o office_n and_o duty_n of_o executor_n or_o a_o treatise_n of_o will_n and_o executor_n direct_v to_o testator_n in_o the_o choice_n of_o their_o executor_n and_o contrivance_n of_o their_o wi_n with_o direction_n for_o executor_n in_o the_o execution_n of_o their_o office_n according_a to_o the_o law_n and_o for_o creditor_n in_o the_o recovery_n of_o their_o debt_n express_v the_o duty_n right_o interest_n power_n and_o authority_n of_o executor_n and_o how_o they_o may_v behave_v themselves_o in_o the_o office_n of_o executorship_n with_o divers_a other_o particular_n very_o useful_a profitable_a and_o behooveful_a for_o all_o person_n be_v they_o either_o executor_n creditor_n or_o debtor_n compile_v out_o of_o the_o body_n of_o the_o common-law_n with_o mention_n of_o such_o statute_n as_o be_v incident_a hereunto_o london_n print_v by_o t._n c._n for_o andrew_n crook_n laurence_n chapman_n william_n cook_n and_o richard_n best_o 1641._o the_o preface_n amid_o the_o reader_n of_o these_o discourse_n some_o not_o yet_o unfriendly_a may_v ask_v perperhaps_o quorsum_fw-la haec_fw-la or_o quorsum_fw-la sic_fw-la why_o have_v we_o a_o tractate_n and_o discourse_n legal_a or_o why_o in_o english_a and_o not_o rather_o in_o the_o law_n language_n to_o who_o yea_o also_o to_o other_o perhaps_o less_o inquisitive_a it_o will_v be_v as_o i_o think_v a_o thing_n not_o unpleasing_a to_o hear_v some_o reason_n render_v why_o i_o have_v set_v my_o head_n and_o hand_n to_o this_o work_n so_o little_a in_o use_n with_o those_o of_o our_o profession_n why_o also_o in_o english_a rather_o than_o in_o the_o language_n wherein_o our_o volume_n of_o law_n be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n and_o well-nigh_o whole_o write_v first_o for_o the_o matter_n viz._n my_o thus_o comment_v or_o make_v a_o tractate_n upon_o a_o legal_a theme_n i_o have_v long_o and_o strong_o conceive_v that_o the_o more_o noble_n gentleman_n and_o other_o shall_v be_v acquaint_v with_o the_o law_n of_o the_o land_n and_o the_o justness_n equity_n prudence_n and_o providence_n thereof_o the_o more_o they_o will_v love_v it_o and_o affect_v it_o ignoâ—i_fw-la nulla_fw-la cupido_fw-la the_o want_n of_o knowledge_n of_o it_o cause_v the_o leanness_n of_o love_n to_o it_o therefore_o to_o bring_v noble_n and_o gentleman_n into_o acquaintance_n with_o the_o law_n be_v a_o mean_a as_o well_o â—o_o advance_v it_o in_o their_o estimation_n as_o to_o advantage_v they_o by_o it_o i_o have_v long_o think_v that_o we_o who_o be_v the_o professor_n of_o our_o law_n have_v be_v more_o want_v to_o it_o than_o to_o they_o the_o civilian_n and_o canonist_n who_o have_v write_v very_o many_o volume_n spartam_fw-la quam_fw-la nactus_fw-la es_fw-la have_v exorna_fw-la have_v be_v say_v of_o old_a and_o shall_v be_v assay_v anew_o more_o want_v than_o other_o before_o we_o of_o our_o own_o profession_n have_v we_o also_o be_v as_o i_o think_v yet_o as_o of_o old_a britton_n glanvill_n bracton_n beside_o not_o print_v fleta_n and_o ingham_n do_v lead_v the_o way_n so_o since_o master_n littleton_n and_o more_o late_o sir_n germin_n perkins_n fitzherbert_n stanford_n crompton_n lambert_n kitchen_n sir_n henry_n finch_n dalton_n have_v tread_v this_o path_n so_o as_o it_o can_v be_v tax_v with_o novelty_n or_o singularity_n i_o mention_v not_o relater_n or_o reporter_n of_o judgement_n and_o resolution_n nor_o mere_a abridger_n nor_o author_n of_o book_n of_o entry_n express_v form_n of_o declaration_n and_o plead_n etc._n etc._n because_o these_o have_v tread_v another_o though_o for_o the_o student_n and_o professor_n of_o the_o law_n a_o very_a profitable_a path_n the_o tax_n and_o increpation_n of_o our_o late_a learned_a and_o judicious_a sovereign_n upon_o we_o the_o professor_n of_o the_o english_a law_n tobacco_n as_o be_v whole_o in_o effect_n addict_v to_o our_o own_o private_a gain_n and_o advantage_n with_o neglect_n of_o the_o public_a have_v some_o strong_a operation_n upon_o i_o howsoever_o upon_o other_o set_v for_o divers_a year_n past_o my_o pen_n on_o work_n special_o in_o summer_n vacation_n upon_o divers_a particular_a subject_n whereof_o this_o be_v one_o and_o the_o first_o bear_v to_o this_o i_o may_v add_v the_o crown_n expectation_n of_o somewhat_o legal_a to_o be_v publish_v and_o set_v forth_o from_o time_n to_o time_n as_o appear_v by_o the_o special_a patent_n successive_o grant_v and_o renew_v for_o the_o sole_a print_n of_o book_n of_o law_n there_o be_v one_o such_o in_o force_n at_o this_o present_a and_o another_o long_a have_v be_v in_o remainder_n and_o expectancy_n to_o take_v effect_n upon_o the_o expiration_n thereof_o and_o now_o to_o adjoyne_v sic_fw-la to_o haec_fw-la viz._n the_o reason_n of_o my_o english_a writing_n to_o that_o of_o my_o writing_n upon_o a_o law_n theme_n first_o receive_v the_o say_v late_a king_n judgement_n touch_v both_o express_v in_o one_o of_o his_o speech_n print_v 1609._o thus._n i_o wish_v say_v he_o the_o law_n write_v in_o our_o vulgar_a language_n for_o now_o it_o be_v in_o a_o old_a mix_v and_o corrupt_a language_n only_o understand_v by_o lawyer_n note_n whereas_o every_o subject_a aught_o to_o understand_v the_o law_n under_o which_o he_o live_v etc._n etc._n herein_o andrew_n horn_n one_o sometime_o of_o our_o profession_n justice_n agree_v with_o the_o say_v late_a king_n say_v abusio_fw-la est_fw-la que_fw-la lâ—s_fw-la leges_fw-la ovesque_fw-la lour_v enchâ—sons_n ne_fw-fr soient_fw-fr sâ—â—us_fw-la &_o conus_fw-la deal_v tout_fw-fr it_o be_v a_o abuse_n say_v he_o that_o the_o law_n with_o their_o ground_n be_v not_o know_v by_o all_o ergo_fw-la to_o be_v in_o a_o tongue_n understand_v by_o all_o more_o plain_o and_o fally_o do_v that_o our_o both_o well_o learned_a and_o well_o descend_v s_o t._n german_n sing_v in_o consort_n with_o our_o say_a late_o scientious_a king_n 24._o for_o he_o first_o bring_v in_o the_o doctor_n of_o divinity_n say_v that_o henceforth_o he_o will_v take_v more_o pain_n than_o before_o he_o have_v do_v to_o know_v the_o law_n of_o england_n for_o that_o knowledge_n be_v multum_fw-la necessaria_fw-la &_o clericis_fw-la &_o laicis_fw-la imo_fw-la omnibus_fw-la in_o hoc_fw-la regno_fw-la commorantibus_fw-la etiam_fw-la in_o foro_fw-la conscientiae_fw-la and_o this_o be_v in_o his_o first_o book_n write_v in_o latin_a after_o write_v his_o second_o book_n in_o english_a he_o express_v that_o he_o so_o do_v for_o this_o reason_n viz._n to_o the_o end_n that_o it_o may_v be_v under_o stand_v by_o all_o which_o of_o we_o have_v not_o hear_v it_o object_v that_o we_o the_o professor_n of_o the_o law_n seek_v to_o hide_v and_o secret_a the_o knowledge_n thereof_o under_o this_o dark_a and_o distaste_a language_n wherein_o the_o law_n be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n write_v not_o that_o i_o hold_v it_o any_o just_a excuse_n for_o the_o nescience_n or_o negligence_n of_o any_o that_o our_o book_n be_v not_o in_o english_a since_o first_o it_o be_v easy_a for_o any_o diligent_a and_o intelligent_a man_n special_o if_o acquaint_v with_o the_o right_a french_a language_n so_o understand_v our_o break_a or_o brackish_a french_a in_o a_o few_o day_n second_o there_o be_v both_o statute_n and_o some_o other_o law-book_n in_o english_a which_o be_v neglect_v by_o the_o most_o three_o though_o care_n have_v be_v in_o parliament_n in_o edward_n the_o three_o his_o time_n 15._o that_o lawyer_n shall_v plead_v that_o be_v argue_v and_o debate_v cause_n in_o english_a which_o be_v often_o desire_v by_o the_o noble_n and_o commons_o till_o at_o last_o assent_v and_o enact_v fine_a and_o in_o queen_n mary_n time_n care_n be_v take_v that_o the_o commission_n of_o purveyor_n shall_v be_v in_o english_a to_o the_o end_n that_o all_o subject_n from_o or_o of_o who_o they_o will_v take_v may_v both_o see_v they_o to_o be_v person_n authorise_v and_o so_o also_o in_o what_o manner_n they_o be_v direct_v to_o use_v their_o authority_n according_a to_o the_o prince_n pious_a and_o princely_a care_n that_o his_o subject_n shall_v not_o be_v abuse_v by_o his_o officer_n yet_o for_o this_o affair_n of_o have_v all_o the_o law-volume_n speak_v english_a i_o have_v not_o hear_v nor_o read_v of_o any_o desire_n or_o endeavour_v in_o parliament_n four_o if_o the_o annal_n and_o report_n be_v in_o english_a they_o be_v so_o replete_a with_o debate_n about_o form_n of_o writ_n return_v plead_n essoignes_n imparlance_n protection_n voucher_n aydprier_n and_o counterplees_n of_o both_o and_o the_o like_a as_o will_v easy_o distaste_v and_o discourage_v any_o not_o intend_v to_o profess_v and_o practice_v the_o law_n from_o verse_v much_o in_o they_o or_o pass_v through_o they_o this_o therefore_o as_o i_o think_v will_v not_o much_o effect_v the_o express_a desire_n the_o thing_n in_o my_o judgement_n fit_a and_o fruitful_a to_o produce_v that_o good_a effect_n will_v be_v to_o
in_o tithe_n advowsons_n commons_o fair_n and_o like_a thing_n be_v grant_v or_o assign_v otherwise_o then_o by_o deed_n yet_o it_o be_v clear_a that_o such_o a_o state_n for_o year_n in_o any_o of_o these_o may_v be_v give_v by_o will_n as_o well_o as_o a_o lease_n of_o land_n which_o prove_v a_o will_n to_o have_v the_o force_n and_o effect_n of_o a_o deed_n of_o make_v a_o debtor_n or_o creditor_n executor_n and_o first_o of_o the_o debtor_n make_v executor_n suppose_v we_o then_o that_o a._n and_o b._n be_v make_v executor_n the_o testator_n be_v indebt_v to_o a._n twenty_o pound_n and_o b._n be_v indebt_v to_o the_o testator_n twenty_o pound_n how_o do_v thing_n stand_v present_o upon_o death_n it_o first_o it_o be_v clear_a that_o the_o debt_n of_o b._n to_o the_o testator_n stand_v in_o law_n extinct_a this_o make_n of_o he_o executor_n be_v a_o release_n in_o law_n therefore_o let_v debtee_n take_v heed_n of_o make_v their_o debtor_n executor_n and_o yet_o doubtless_o i_o think_v suh_o a_o debtor_n make_v executor_n shall_v hold_v himself_o restrain_v in_o conscience_n from_o take_v benefit_n thereof_o 4._o if_o the_o debt_n remit_v there_o shall_v want_v to_o satisfy_v either_o debt_n or_o legacy_n of_o the_o testator_n and_o i_o doubt_v whether_o a_o court_n of_o conscience_n may_v not_o just_o so_o order_n the_o testator_n be_v perhaps_o ignorant_a of_o this_o point_n in_o law_n that_o this_o debt_n shall_v be_v release_v by_o make_v the_o debtor_n executor_n 38._o and_o what_o be_v speak_v of_o make_v the_o debtor_n executor_n general_o the_o same_o be_v to_o be_v understand_v of_o make_v any_o one_o of_o the_o debtor_n executor_n vavaser_n where_o there_o be_v many_o joint_a debtor_n and_o so_o also_o where_o many_o executor_n be_v make_v and_o but_o one_o of_o they_o be_v debtor_n to_o the_o testator_n for_o they_o can_v sue_v without_o make_v he_o who_o be_v the_o debtor_n also_o a_o plaintiff_n trespassor_n which_o he_o can_v do_v against_o himself_o the_o like_a law_n touch_v action_n of_o trespass_n or_o account_v yet_o of_o old_a where_o one_o make_v his_o bayley_n one_o of_o his_o executor_n together_o with_o a._n and_o b._n who_o bring_v a_o action_n of_o account_n against_o the_o bayley_n in_o their_o two_o name_n only_o justice_n herle_n hold_v the_o action_n well_o bring_v 23._o this_o be_v in_o the_o begin_n of_o king_n edward_n the_o three_o his_o time_n but_o the_o contrary_n have_v be_v since_o resolve_v choke_v some_o also_o have_v hold_v that_o though_o in_o the_o life_n of_o this_o executor_n who_o be_v a_o debtor_n 17._o he_o can_v not_o be_v sue_v yet_o after_o his_o death_n the_o survive_a executor_n may_v sue_v his_o executor_n 36_o but_o that_o can_v be_v as_o i_o take_v it_o for_o that_o the_o debt_n be_v utter_o extinct_a by_o the_o make_n of_o he_o executor_n as_o if_o the_o testator_n have_v release_v it_o to_o he_o 185._o yea_o though_o this_o executor_n die_v before_o he_o do_v ever_o administer_v or_o prove_v the_o will._n and_o like_o extinguishment_n of_o the_o debt_n 84._o if_o the_o creditor_n marry_v with_o one_o of_o the_o executor_n of_o the_o debtor_n yet_o be_v there_o a_o action_n of_o debt_n maintain_v temp_n edward_n 3_o by_o the_o husband_n and_o wife_n 82_o against_o the_o husband_n and_o other_o executor_n upon_o a_o obligation_n by_o the_o testator_n to_o the_o wife_n before_o her_o marriage_n but_o if_o a_o debtor_n take_v administration_n of_o the_o good_n of_o his_o creditor_n this_o i_o think_v shall_v not_o discharge_v he_o but_o that_o his_o debt_n shall_v stand_v as_o assett_n in_o his_o hand_n because_o the_o intestate_a do_v no_o act_n to_o free_v he_o from_o the_o debt_n the_o debtor_n or_o creditor_n make_v executor_n this_o make_n of_o the_o debtee_n executor_n and_o so_o the_o party_n who_o both_o shall_v pay_v and_o be_v pay_v the_o debt_n give_v he_o clear_o power_n to_o pay_v himself_o before_o any_o other_o if_o his_o debt_n be_v by_o specialty_n or_o upon_o record_n alter_v nay_o some_o have_v hold_v that_o so_o much_o of_o the_o good_n of_o the_o testator_n shall_v be_v alter_v in_o property_n out_o of_o the_o executor_n as_o executor_n into_o he_o as_o creditor_n but_o how_o that_o can_v be_v i_o can_v see_v for_o whether_o shall_v it_o be_v satisfy_v out_o of_o the_o lease_n and_o chattel_n real_a or_o personal_a whether_o out_o of_o the_o corn_n in_o the_o barn_n executor_n cattle_n in_o the_o field_n plate_n or_o housholdstuffe_n this_o till_o some_o election_n make_v by_o this_o debtee_n executor_n can_v be_v know_v nor_o shall_v be_v effect_v by_o any_o operation_n of_o law_n prevent_v the_o executor_n election_n in_o take_v his_o satisfaction_n where_o and_o how_o he_o will_n for_o certain_o as_o a_o executor_n have_v election_n to_o pay_v which_o creditor_n he_o will_v first_o so_o have_v he_o election_n to_o pay_v and_o satisfy_v himself_o debt_n by_o what_o part_n of_o the_o testator_n good_n he_o will_v yet_o perhaps_o if_o there_o be_v ready_a money_n in_o the_o executor_n hand_n there_o shall_v be_v a_o alteration_n of_o the_o property_n of_o so_o much_o thereof_o as_o be_v owe_v by_o the_o testator_n to_o the_o executor_n and_o if_o there_o come_v not_o to_o the_o hand_n of_o such_o executor_n 3._o sufficient_a to_o pay_v himself_o he_o may_v have_v a_o action_n of_o debt_n against_o the_o other_a executor_n or_o the_o heir_n as_o by_o some_o have_v be_v conceive_v yet_o let_v it_o be_v well_o advise_v of_o whether_o if_o he_o do_v administer_v at_o all_o and_o special_o if_o he_o pay_v himself_o any_o part_n he_o have_v not_o thereby_o bar_v or_o disable_v his_o suit_n for_o the_o residue_n but_o if_o he_o refuse_v to_o administer_v at_o all_o debt_n it_o be_v very_o unreasonable_a that_o he_o shall_v not_o be_v able_a to_o sue_v the_o other_o executor_n for_o so_o a_o debtor_n may_v by_o subtlety_n make_v his_o creditor_n a_o executor_n with_o other_o and_o take_v a_o course_n that_o his_o good_n shall_v come_v only_o into_o the_o hand_n of_o those_o other_o so_o as_o the_o debtor_n can_v not_o pay_v himself_o and_o consequent_o if_o he_o can_v not_o sue_v the_o other_o executor_n he_o shall_v thus_o be_v strip_v of_o his_o debt_n by_o a_o sleight_n quaere_fw-la if_o he_o may_v bring_v the_o action_n in_o the_o name_n of_o the_o other_o executor_n only_o the_o will_n be_v prove_v in_o his_o name_n as_o well_o as_o in_o the_o name_n of_o the_o rest_n or_o whether_o the_o action_n shall_v be_v bring_v in_o his_o name_n also_o and_o then_o he_o be_v sever_v at_o his_o own_o prayer_n but_o against_o the_o heir_n there_o be_v none_o to_o join_v with_o he_o executor_n and_o he_o may_v he_o sue_v if_o he_o have_v not_o administer_v as_o executor_n this_o admit_v that_o the_o bond_n extend_v to_o the_o heir_n which_o without_o express_a word_n it_o do_v not_o though_o for_o the_o executor_n it_o be_v otherwise_o thus_o have_v consider_v of_o the_o state_n of_o thing_n before_o and_o without_o any_o will_n prove_v or_o other_o act_n do_v by_o executor_n we_o shall_v now_o come_v to_o the_o point_n of_o proof_n but_o two_o thing_n pertinent_a to_o it_o be_v in_o order_n precedent_n 1._o what_o may_v be_v do_v by_o or_o to_o a_o executor_n before_o prove_v of_o the_o will._n 2._o of_o refusal_n and_o the_o thing_n incident_a thereunto_o before_o probate_v what_o may_v be_v do_v by_o or_o to_o executor_n as_o to_o this_o it_o be_v clear_a that_o before_o prove_v of_o a_o will_n by_o the_o executor_n he_o may_v seize_v and_o take_v into_o his_o hand_n any_o of_o the_o good_n of_o the_o testator_n yea_o enter_v into_o the_o house_n of_o the_o heir_n if_o not_o lock_v so_o to_o do_v and_o to_o take_v the_o specialty_n of_o debt_n and_o general_o he_o may_v do_v all_o thing_n 18._o which_o to_o the_o office_n of_o a_o executor_n pertain_v except_o only_o bring_v of_o action_n and_o prosecution_n of_o suit_n ordinary_a he_o may_v pay_v debt_n receive_v debt_n make_v acquittance_n and_o release_v of_o debt_n due_a to_o the_o testator_n and_o take_v lease_n or_o acquittance_n of_o debt_n owe_v by_o the_o testator_n yea_o if_o before_o such_o prove_v the_o day_n incur_v for_o payment_n upon_o bond_n make_v by_o or_o to_o the_o testator_n payment_n must_v be_v make_v to_o or_o by_o this_o executor_n though_o no_o will_v be_v prove_v upon_o like_a pain_n of_o forfeiture_n as_o if_o the_o will_n be_v prove_v also_o a_o executor_n may_v before_o probate_n sell_v or_o give_v away_o any_o of_o the_o good_n or_o chattel_n of_o the_o testator_n and_o whereas_o the_o assent_n of_o a_o executor_n be_v necessary_a to_o the_o settle_n and_o execution_n of_o a_o legacy_n as_o
before_o have_v be_v show_v so_o as_o if_o one_o give_v i_o his_o white_a horse_n or_o black_a cow_n by_o will_n or_o any_o other_o well_o know_v thing_n i_o can_v after_o his_o death_n take_v it_o eliz._n though_o i_o come_v where_o it_o be_v but_o be_o punishable_a by_o action_n of_o trespass_n at_o the_o executor_n suit_n if_o he_o do_v not_o assent_v yet_o a_o executor_n before_o the_o will_v prove_v may_v give_v this_o assent_n and_o it_o will_v stand_v good_a yea_o although_o he_o die_v after_o any_o of_o these_o act_n do_v the_o will_n be_v never_o prove_v by_o he_o yet_o do_v these_o act_n so_o do_v stand_v firm_a and_o good_a as_o i_o take_v it_o yet_o as_o i_o find_v a_o executor_n make_v his_o will_n and_o die_v before_o he_o have_v prove_v the_o will_n of_o his_o testator_n his_o executor_n may_v not_o prove_v both_o the_o will_n and_o so_o become_v executor_n to_o both_o the_o testator_n 372._o but_o in_o case_n the_o good_n be_v after_o debt_n pay_v bequeath_v to_o the_o executor_n his_o executor_n may_v take_v administration_n of_o the_o first_o testator_n good_n with_o the_o will_v annex_v as_o by_o doctor_n drury_n be_v in_o the_o late_a queen_n time_n declare_v to_o be_v the_o law_n and_o course_n of_o the_o court_n spiritual_a to_o which_o credit_n be_v give_v by_o the_o judge_n of_o our_o law_n and_o the_o court_n of_o star-chamber_n for_o though_o the_o book_n do_v not_o mention_v it_o to_o have_v be_v in_o star-chamber_n it_o be_v elsewhere_o so_o report_v yea_o a_o executor_n for_o good_n of_o the_o testator_n take_v from_o he_o fox_n or_o a_o trespass_n do_v upon_o the_o lease_n land_n or_o a_o distrayn_v or_o impound_v of_o good_n or_o cattle_n may_v maintain_v before_o the_o will_v be_v prove_v action_n of_o trespass_n or_o replevin_n or_o detinue_v for_o these_o action_n arise_v upon_o the_o executor_n own_o possession_n but_o before_o the_o prove_v of_o a_o will_n a_o executor_n can_v maintain_v a_o suit_n or_o action_n of_o debt_n or_o the_o like_a and_o the_o reason_n be_v for_o that_o therein_o he_o must_v show_v forth_o the_o will_v prove_v under_o the_o seal_n of_o the_o ordinary_a and_o so_o as_o i_o take_v it_o must_v it_o be_v if_o he_o bring_v any_o action_n for_o trespass_v do_v or_o good_n take_v in_o the_o testator_n life_n time_n so_o as_o the_o testator_n himself_o be_v entitle_v to_o the_o action_n and_o it_o grow_v not_o upon_o the_o executor_n possession_n a._n i_o find_v that_o a_o executor_n grant_v the_o next_o avoidance_n of_o a_o church_n which_o to_o he_o come_v from_o the_o testator_n the_o grantee_n mainetain_v a_o quare_fw-la impedit_fw-la without_o show_v forth_o the_o will_n a._n but_o the_o executor_n himself_o may_v so_o have_v do_v as_o of_o his_o own_o possession_n before_o the_o will_v prove_v and_o so_o without_o show_v it_o under_o the_o seal_n of_o the_o spiritual_a court_n as_o well_o as_o action_n of_o trespass_n or_o replevin_n for_o good_n take_v after_o the_o death_n of_o the_o testator_n yet_o in_o the_o principal_a case_n of_o greysbrooke_n and_o fox_n which_o be_v a_o action_n of_o detinue_n by_o the_o executor_n for_o good_n take_v or_o detain_v after_o the_o testator_n death_n b._n the_o plaintiff_n do_v show_v forth_o the_o will_v prove_v but_o that_o prove_v not_o any_o necessity_n thereof_o or_o that_o if_o the_o will_n have_v not_o be_v prove_v it_o can_v be_v no_o hurt_n to_o show_v it_o forth_o so_o upon_o his_o own_o contract_n for_o the_o testator_n good_n as_o if_o the_o executor_n sell_v cattle_n or_o other_o good_n of_o the_o testator_n before_o the_o will_v prove_v he_o may_v for_o the_o money_n payable_a maintain_v a_o action_n of_o debt_n before_o he_o have_v prove_v any_o will_n and_o in_o this_o and_o the_o action_n of_o trespass_n there_o be_v no_o necessity_n of_o name_v he_o executor_n also_o on_o the_o other_a side_n a_o executor_n may_v well_o enough_o be_v sue_v for_o debt_n of_o the_o testator_n before_o the_o will_v be_v prove_v for_o he_o may_v not_o by_o his_o own_o act_n of_o delay_v the_o probate_n of_o the_o will_n keep_v off_o suit_n except_o he_o will_v refuse_v in_o due_a manner_n that_o so_o administration_n be_v grant_v there_o may_v be_v some_o body_n suable_a by_o the_o testator_n creditor_n for_o debt_n by_o he_o owe_a and_o the_o usual_a plea_n of_o the_o defendant_n to_o estrange_v himself_o from_o the_o testament_n be_v to_o say_v that_o he_o neither_o be_v executor_n nor_o have_v administer_v as_o executor_n so_o as_o if_o he_o either_o be_v executor_n de_fw-fr jure_fw-la or_o de_fw-fr facto_fw-la by_o his_o own_o act_n of_o administer_a it_o suffice_v of_o refusal_n to_o prove_v the_o will_n and_o therein_o of_o administration_n foreclude_v refusal_n now_o touch_v this_o other_o point_n fit_a to_o be_v think_v of_o before_o we_o meddle_v with_o the_o probate_n viz_o refusal_n to_o prove_v we_o will_v thereabouts_o consider_v these_o several_a part_n viz._n first_o how_o and_o in_o what_o manner_n refusal_n may_v or_o must_v be_v second_o in_o what_o case_n or_o in_o respect_n of_o what_o act_n one_o name_v executor_n have_v lose_v or_o determine_v his_o election_n of_o refusal_n or_o acceptance_n three_o of_o what_o effect_n and_o operation_n the_o refusal_n be_v what_o difference_n where_o all_o the_o executor_n refuse_v and_o where_o but_o some_o or_o one_o of_o they_o four_o what_o relation_n it_o have_v now_o touch_v the_o first_o 14._o the_o ordinary_a before_o commit_v administration_n where_o a_o will_n be_v make_v and_o executor_n name_v if_o he_o know_v of_o it_o 47._o must_v send_v out_o process_n against_o the_o executor_n 14._o to_o come_v in_o and_o prove_v it_o and_o if_o they_o do_v not_o come_v 281._o they_o be_v to_o be_v excommunicate_a but_o if_o they_o do_v come_v if_o they_o nor_o any_o of_o they_o will_v prove_v by_o reason_n of_o such_o refusal_n the_o ordinary_a may_v commit_v administration_n perhaps_o also_o they_o may_v be_v appoint_v executor_n at_o a_o time_n future_a and_o not_o present_o now_o refusal_n can_v be_v verbal_o or_o by_o word_n but_o it_o must_v be_v by_o some_o act_n enter_v or_o record_v in_o the_o spiritual_a court_n executorship_n and_o therefore_o must_v be_v do_v before_o some_o judge_n spiritual_a and_o not_o before_o neighbour_n in_o the_o country_n for_o that_o be_v not_o effectual_a yet_o sir_n ralph_n rowlett_n make_v the_o lord_n keeper_n bacon_n catlin_n chief_a justice_n and_o the_o master_n of_o the_o roll_n executor_n they_o write_v a_o letter_n to_o the_o ordinary_a that_o they_o can_v not_o attend_v the_o executorship_n and_o therefore_o wish_v he_o to_o commit_v administration_n who_o do_v so_o make_v every_o of_o their_o refusal_n and_o this_o be_v hold_v good_a so_o as_o a_o lease_n be_v by_o that_o will_v bequeath_v to_o catlin_n and_o he_o after_o this_o refusal_n enter_v and_o assign_v it_o to_o one_o and_o the_o administrator_n assign_v it_o to_o another_o it_o come_v in_o question_n between_o they_o whether_o have_v best_a right_n come_v and_o judgement_n be_v give_v for_o the_o assignee_n of_o the_o administrator_n against_o catiline_n assignee_n whereas_o if_o the_o refusal_n have_v be_v void_a catlin_n have_v continue_v executor_n and_o so_o his_o title_n have_v be_v better_a first_o in_o case_n the_o ordinary_a himself_o canterbury_n be_v make_v executor_n there_o say_v the_o book_n he_o may_v refuse_v before_o his_o commissary_n and_o so_o be_v it_o there_o plead_v for_o the_o archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n who_o be_v make_v executor_n to_o sir_n william_n oldhalle_n what_o shall_v be_v such_o a_o meddle_v or_o administer_a by_o a_o executor_n that_o he_o can_v refuse_v after_o as_o to_o the_o second_o admin_n where_o a_o executor_n have_v administer_v he_o can_v afterward_o refuse_v b._n because_o he_o have_v already_o accept_v of_o the_o executorship_n and_o so_o determine_v his_o election_n at_o least_o the_o ordinary_n ought_v not_o to_o accept_v of_o such_o refusal_n but_o shall_v compel_v he_o to_o take_v upon_o he_o the_o executorship_n as_o the_o law_n be_v take_v both_o in_o the_o time_n of_o ed._n 4._o and_o of_o queen_n elizabeth_n eliz_n yet_o if_o the_o ordinary_a do_v admit_v one_o to_o refuse_v notwithstanding_o that_o he_o have_v administer_v this_o stand_v good_a as_o it_o seem_v conceive_v by_o the_o judge_n in_o the_o time_n of_o hen._n 6._o 8._o for_o there_o the_o executor_n command_v one_o to_o take_v good_n of_o the_o testator_n out_o of_o the_o hand_n of_o i._o s._n who_o do_v according_o and_o afterward_o the_o executor_n refuse_v before_o the_o ordinary_a and_o administration_n be_v commit_v to_o the_o say_v i._o s._n who_o bring_v a_o action_n of_o trespass_n against_o the_o party_n so_o take_v the_o good_n from_o
he_o and_o there_o the_o refusal_n and_o commit_v administration_n be_v admit_v to_o be_v good_a so_o perhaps_o factum_fw-la valet_fw-la quod_fw-la fieri_fw-la non_fw-la debuit_fw-la and_o it_o well_o may_v be_v that_o the_o ordinary_a do_v not_o know_v of_o the_o executor_n such_o intermeddle_v at_o the_o time_n when_o he_o do_v admit_v of_o his_o refusal_n after_o refusal_n and_o administration_n commit_v the_o executor_n can_v go_v back_o to_o prove_v the_o will_n and_o assume_v the_o executorship_n but_o if_o only_a upon_o the_o executor_n make_v default_n to_o come_v in_o upon_o process_n to_o prove_v the_o will_n the_o administration_n be_v commit_v here_o the_o executor_n may_v yet_o at_o any_o time_n after_o come_v and_o prove_v the_o will_n eliz_n and_o so_o undo_v the_o administration_n as_o be_v in_o the_o late_a queen_n time_n resolve_v between_o bale_n and_o baxter_n but_o what_o if_o after_o refusal_n it_o shall_v appear_v to_o the_o ordinary_a that_o the_o executor_n have_v administer_v before_o his_o refusal_n so_o as_o have_v it_o be_v then_o know_v the_o ordinary_n shall_v not_o have_v admit_v he_o to_o refuse_v whether_o now_o may_v he_o revoke_v his_o administration_n for_o it_o be_v revokeable_a and_o enforce_v the_o executor_n to_o proceed_v to_o prove_v of_o the_o will._n and_o sure_o i_o think_v he_o may_v for_o that_o the_o executor_n by_o administer_a reg_fw-la have_v determine_v his_o election_n and_o accept_v the_o office_n of_o executorship_n now_o he_o can_v both_o except_v and_o refuse_v beside_o we_o know_v that_o creditor_n may_v maintain_v their_o suit_n against_o he_o have_v once_o administer_v the_o common_a plea_n to_o free_v himself_o and_o show_v that_o he_o be_v not_o the_o party_n suable_a for_o the_o testator_n debt_n be_v that_o he_o neither_o be_v executor_n nor_o ever_o do_v administer_v as_o executor_n wherefore_o he_o have_v administer_v it_o will_v be_v find_v against_o he_o now_o it_o be_v not_o congruous_a that_o in_o the_o spiritual_a court_n there_o shall_v be_v no_o executor_n and_o yet_o in_o the_o court_n of_o westminster_n there_o shall_v be_v a_o executor_n but_o since_o this_o point_n of_o administer_a be_v so_o material_a to_o the_o point_n of_o be_v admit_v or_o not_o admit_v to_o refuse_v we_o will_v here_o consider_v in_o this_o place_n brief_o what_o shall_v be_v say_v to_o be_v a_o administration_n by_o a_o executor_n 7._o determine_v his_o election_n and_o disable_n his_o refusal_n and_o what_o not_o 1._o some_o will_v perhaps_o conceive_v that_o the_o act_n of_o the_o executor_n in_o the_o forementioned_a case_n where_o he_o only_o command_v i._o s._n to_o take_v good_n of_o the_o testator_n out_o of_o a_o stranger_n hand_n be_v no_o administration_n and_o it_o be_v true_a that_o in_o that_o book_n it_o be_v pass_v in_o silence_n and_o not_o express_o say_v to_o be_v a_o administration_n but_o the_o lord_n dyer_n in_o the_o case_n of_o grâ—isbrooke_n and_o fox_n speak_v of_o that_o case_n say_v express_o that_o the_o ordinary_n may_v there_o have_v reject_v the_o executor_n refusal_n for_o say_v he_o when_o the_o executor_n have_v once_o intermedle_v he_o shall_v not_o have_v be_v suffer_v to_o refuse_v so_o as_o he_o do_v clear_o admit_v that_o to_o have_v be_v a_o administration_n 5._o and_o else_o where_o it_o be_v hold_v that_o if_o a_o executor_n take_v good_n of_o the_o testator_n and_o convert_v they_o to_o his_o own_o use_n this_o be_v a_o administration_n yea_o if_o he_o do_v but_o take_v they_o into_o his_o hand_n say_v some_o without_o convert_v of_o they_o if_o the_o wife_n take_v more_o apparel_n of_o her_o own_o than_o be_v necessary_a 5._o this_o be_v a_o administration_n 20._o as_o the_o book_n admit_v but_o if_o by_o the_o assent_n 8._o or_o delivery_n of_o the_o executor_n it_o be_v not_o more_o clear_o if_o one_o do_v either_o pay_v debt_n of_o the_o testator_n 166._o or_o receive_v debt_n 91._o or_o make_v acquittance_n for_o they_o 135_o or_o demand_v the_o testator_n debt_n as_o executor_n 8._o or_o give_v away_o good_n which_o be_v the_o testator_n 63._o or_o deliver_v money_n of_o the_o testator_n for_o fee_n about_o prove_v the_o will_n all_o these_o be_v full_a and_o clear_a administration_n as_o executor_n 5._o but_o say_v fâ—tzherb_n if_o he_o only_o lay_v out_o his_o own_o money_n for_o fee_n a._n this_o be_v no_o administration_n so_o say_v frâ—wicke_n if_o he_o pay_v debt_n with_o his_o own_o money_n and_o if_o he_o do_v it_o about_o the_o funeral_n but_o some_o difference_n may_v be_v between_o act_n do_v by_o one_o name_v executor_n and_o by_o a_o stranger_n viz._n to_o make_v he_o a_o executor_n of_o his_o own_o wrong_n whereof_o we_o shall_v speak_v after_o not_o in_o this_o place_n 13._o if_o one_o be_v sue_v as_o executor_n 4._o take_v it_o upon_o he_o and_o plead_v in_o bar_n as_o a_o executor_n this_o be_v a_o administration_n of_o the_o force_n and_o effect_n of_o refusal_n as_o to_o the_o three_o point_n viz._n the_o force_n or_o effect_v of_o refusal_n first_o it_o be_v clear_a that_o if_o there_o be_v but_o one_o executor_n and_o he_o do_v refuse_v or_o be_v many_o if_o they_o do_v all_o refuse_v then_o be_v the_o party_n dead_a intestate_a and_o administration_n be_v to_o be_v commit_v with_o the_o will_v annex_v as_o be_v before_o say_v nor_o can_v any_o after_o meddle_v as_o executor_n but_o in_o case_n there_o be_v divers_a executor_n viz._n a._n b_o and_o c._n and_o a._n only_o refuse_v and_o the_o will_n be_v prove_v by_o the_o other_o there_o a._n continue_v a_o executor_n notwithstanding_o his_o refusal_n 2d_o so_o as_o he_o still_o may_v release_v debt_n of_o the_o testator_n 8â—7_n and_o debt_n owe_v by_o the_o testator_n may_v be_v release_v to_o he_o yea_o if_o suit_n be_v to_o be_v have_v 19_o by_o or_o against_o the_o executor_n 8._o it_o shall_v not_o be_v in_o the_o name_n of_o b._n and_o c._n only_o 〈◊〉_d but_o a._n also_o must_v be_v name_v as_o a_o plaintiff_n 24._o or_o defendant_n else_o the_o action_n may_v be_v overthrow_v for_o the_o will_n be_v prove_v all_o the_o executor_n therein_o name_v stand_v and_o continue_v executor_n notwithstanding_o any_o of_o their_o refusal_n as_o it_o be_v resolve_v in_o the_o late_a end_n of_o the_o late_a queen_n time_n according_a to_o divers_a former_a resolution_n and_o therefore_o this_o executor_n which_o have_v refuse_v may_v afterward_o administer_v at_o his_o pleasure_n and_o intermeddle_v with_o the_o good_n 37._o as_o well_o as_o the_o other_o yet_o say_v brooke_n chief_a justice_n after_o the_o death_n of_o his_o companion_n he_o can_v so_o do_v but_o then_o the_o executor_n of_o he_o who_o prove_v 24._o be_v only_o to_o administer_v quod_fw-la non_fw-la est_fw-la lâ—x_fw-la there_o may_v be_v some_o difference_n between_o suit_n by_o executor_n and_o suit_n against_o executor_n for_o when_o themselves_o sue_v they_o be_v privy_a to_o the_o will_n and_o have_v the_o custody_n of_o it_o must_v bring_v their_o action_n in_o the_o name_n of_o all_o the_o executor_n according_a to_o the_o will_n but_o he_o that_o be_v to_o bring_v a_o action_n against_o they_o need_v not_o perhaps_o take_v notice_n of_o more_o executor_n than_o those_o that_o have_v prove_v the_o will_n or_o otherwise_o do_v administer_v for_o it_o be_v no_o good_a plea_n for_o themselves_o in_o a_o action_n against_o they_o to_o say_v there_o be_v another_o executor_n without_o say_v also_o that_o he_o have_v administer_v as_o it_o seem_v by_o divers_a book_n nay_o one_o book_n in_o the_o time_n of_o henry_n 8._o go_v further_a viz._n that_o if_o suit_n be_v bring_v against_o all_o yet_o one_o of_o they_o not_o intermeddle_v with_o the_o prove_v of_o the_o will_n may_v plead_v that_o he_o be_v never_o executor_n nor_o administer_v as_o executor_n by_o this_o it_o shall_v seem_v 6._o that_o executor_n refuse_v i_o mean_v all_o of_o they_o â—25_n so_o as_o no_o will_n be_v prove_v they_o in_o a_o action_n against_o they_o curâ—am_n may_v say_v that_o they_o be_v never_o executor_n but_o i_o think_v they_o shall_v not_o so_o plead_v but_o show_v the_o special_a matter_n as_o be_v do_v in_o the_o time_n of_o edward_n the_o four_o as_o for_o relation_n 36._o i_o will_v forbear_v to_o speak_v till_o i_o come_v to_o prove_v for_o that_o probate_n and_o refusal_n stand_v in_o the_o same_o state_n as_o touch_v relation_n of_o prove_v wi_n now_o let_v we_o see_v touch_v the_o probate_n of_o will_n what_o be_v considerable_a and_o therein_o of_o these_o three_o or_o four_o part_n 1._o where_o and_o before_o who_o and_o how_o the_o proof_n must_v be_v 2._o what_o shall_v be_v bona_fw-la notabilia_fw-la to_o entitle_v to_o probate_n 3._o what_o force_n or_o validity_n either_o a_o right_n or_o
this_o be_v by_o virtue_n of_o a_o statute_n there_o be_v a_o precedent_n in_o the_o book_n of_o entry_n of_o a_o action_n of_o debt_n against_o the_o executor_n of_o a_o heir_n b._n by_o which_o it_o seem_v that_o a_o man_n bind_v himself_o and_o his_o heir_n and_o leave_v asset_n the_o heir_n take_v the_o profit_n become_v so_o a_o debtor_n that_o his_o executor_n shall_v be_v charge_v a._n and_o in_o the_o register_n there_o be_v a_o writ_n against_o the_o executor_n of_o the_o guardian_n of_o the_o spiritualty_n of_o the_o archbishop_n of_o york_n for_o the_o debt_n of_o b._n who_o die_v intestate_a and_o who_o good_n come_v to_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o say_a guardian_n viz._n the_o dean_n of_o york_n in_o allowance_n whereof_o there_o be_v a_o note_n add_v of_o the_o like_a writ_n 2._o bring_v in_o k._n r._n 2._o his_o time_n and_o that_o then_o a_o precedent_n be_v allege_v of_o such_o a_o writ_n in_o king_n ed._n 2._o his_o time_n against_o the_o executor_n of_o a_o ordinary_a and_o that_o they_o be_v enforce_v to_o answer_v unto_o it_o so_o be_v the_o opinion_n of_o trew_n 77._o in_o the_o time_n of_o edward_n the_o three_o but_o ald._n oppose_v he_o shire_n also_o the_o rationabile_fw-la parte_fw-la bonorum_fw-la by_o custom_n in_o some_o place_n be_v maintaineable_a for_o the_o wife_n and_o child_n against_o the_o executor_n but_o no_o action_n of_o account_n lie_v against_o executor_n except_o for_o the_o king_n more_o hereof_o tit_n wrong_n of_o covenant_n charge_v executor_n we_o have_v already_o touch_v upon_o covenant_n in_o part_n viz._n where_o they_o be_v express_o for_o payment_n of_o money_n show_v they_o to_o be_v in_o law_n bond_n that_o be_v write_n obligatory_a whereupon_o a_o action_n of_o debt_n may_v be_v bring_v eliz._n as_o well_o as_o a_o action_n of_o covenant_n though_o the_o word_n of_o the_o deed_n bear_v the_o sound_n and_o phrase_n of_o a_o covenant_n yet_o in_o some_o case_n no_o action_n of_o debt_n lie_v upon_o a_o covenant_n to_o pay_v money_n as_o if_o a._n covenant_n that_o his_o executor_n shall_v within_o a_o year_n or_o such_o a_o time_n after_o his_o death_n pay_v ten_o pound_n to_o b._n now_o for_o that_o no_o action_n of_o debt_n be_v maintaineable_a against_o a._n himself_o it_o lie_v not_o against_o his_o executor_n but_o only_o a_o action_n of_o covenant_n as_o be_v hold_v in_o the_o late_a queen_n time_n case_n so_o if_o the_o covenant_n be_v conditional_a as_o thus_o that_o if_o c._n do_v not_o pay_v to_o b._n ten_o pound_n than_o a._n will_v pay_v it_o and_o so_o also_o perhaps_o if_o the_o covenant_n be_v in_o the_o distinctive_a viz._n to_o do_v such_o a_o act_n or_o to_o pay_v ten_o pound_n now_o if_o the_o act_n be_v not_o do_v yet_o no_o action_n of_o debt_n lie_v for_o the_o money_n but_o only_o a_o action_n of_o covenant_n but_o now_o let_v we_o come_v to_o the_o case_n of_o mere_a covenant_n 1st_a and_o see_v which_o of_o they_o will_v charge_v a_o executor_n and_o which_o not_o if_o a_o lessee_n for_o year_n covenant_n to_o repair_v the_o building_n or_o to_o pay_v the_o quitrent_n issue_v out_o of_o the_o land_n let_v there_o be_v little_a doubt_n but_o the_o executor_n to_o who_o the_o term_n come_v must_v as_o well_o as_o his_o testator_n perform_v that_o covenant_n although_o he_o do_v not_o covenant_n for_o he_o and_o his_o executor_n and_o yet_o of_o these_o case_n doubt_n have_v be_v and_o touch_v the_o latter_a viz._n of_o pay_v quitrent_n marg_n divers_a justice_n in_o queen_n mary_n time_n be_v of_o opinion_n that_o it_o be_v a_o thing_n so_o personal_a that_o it_o die_v with_o the_o person_n and_o do_v not_o charge_v the_o executor_n nor_o be_v there_o any_o contrary_a opinion_n express_v in_o the_o book_n and_o since_o that_o time_n reg_fw-la viz._n towards_o the_o end_n of_o queen_n elizabeth_n reign_n in_o the_o action_n of_o covenant_n between_o the_o dean_n and_o canon_n of_o windsor_n and_o hide_v touch_v reparation_n at_o the_o first_o much_o opinion_n be_v that_o only_o the_o person_n covenant_v be_v tie_v to_o this_o performance_n but_o after_o it_o be_v resolve_v that_o that_o covenant_n do_v run_v with_o the_o estate_n 24._o and_o so_o both_o executor_n and_o assignee_n bind_v to_o performance_n but_o in_o that_o case_n it_o be_v say_v by_o popham_n chief_a justice_n eliz._n that_o if_o the_o covenant_n have_v be_v to_o do_v a_o collatterall_n act_n neither_o the_o executor_n nor_o the_o assignee_n have_v be_v tie_v thereby_o and_o therefore_o where_o a_o lessee_n for_o year_n covenant_n within_o such_o a_o time_n to_o build_v a_o new_a house_n upon_o the_o land_n and_o die_v before_o that_o time_n expire_v i_o doubt_v whether_o the_o executor_n be_v bind_v to_o perform_v this_o or_o not_o although_o it_o do_v concern_v the_o land_n let_v so_o as_o perhaps_o the_o rent_n or_o fine_a be_v the_o less_o in_o respect_n of_o this_o charge_n of_o new_a structure_n or_o building_n which_o be_v a_o great_a reason_n that_o the_o executor_n though_o not_o name_v shall_v be_v tie_v to_o the_o performance_n but_o if_o the_o covenant_n have_v be_v to_o build_v a_o house_n elsewhere_o then_o upon_o the_o land_n let_v or_o to_o do_v any_o other_o collateral_a thing_n not_o pertinent_a to_o the_o land_n lâ—t_n it_o be_v clear_v the_o executor_n be_v name_v to_o perform_v it_o and_o yet_o in_o those_o case_n if_o there_o be_v a_o breach_n or_o non-performance_n in_o the_o teâ—stators_n life_n time_n as_o that_o the_o time_n of_o performance_n be_v expire_v before_o his_o death_n than_o it_o be_v clear_v the_o executor_n be_v bind_v to_o yield_v recompense_n by_o way_n of_o damage_n recoverable_a opinion_n in_o a_o action_n of_o covenant_n as_o both_o shelley_n and_o fâ—tzherbert_n agree_v and_o so_o also_o do_v the_o lord_n popham_n agree_v in_o the_o say_a case_n of_o hide_n as_o i_o find_v in_o my_o own_o report_n of_o that_o case_n though_o in_o the_o lord_n cook_n report_v only_o the_o point_n in_o question_n that_o be_v not_o mention_v now_o let_v we_o consider_v of_o the_o case_n where_o there_o be_v no_o express_a covenant_n at_o all_o so_o much_o as_o for_o the_o lessor_n himself_o but_o only_o a_o covenant_n employ_v or_o covenant_n in_o law_n as_o we_o call_v it_o as_o if_o lessee_n for_o life_n make_v a_o lease_n for_o year_n and_o die_v within_o the_o term_n so_o as_o the_o lessee_n be_v evict_v by_o he_o in_o reversion_n 〈…〉_z or_o remainder_n in_o this_o case_n it_o be_v resolve_v in_o the_o late_a queen_n time_n by_o three_o justice_n viz._n walsh_n browne_n and_o dyer_n that_o by_o this_o covenant_n in_o law_n the_o executor_n be_v not_o chargeable_a and_o in_o the_o same_o case_n the_o lord_n dyer_n set_v down_o another_o resolution_n after_o to_o the_o same_o effect_n but_o master_n serjeant_n bendloes_n report_v this_o latter_a case_n to_o be_v of_o a_o lease_n make_v by_o tenant_n in_o tail_n viz._n before_o the_o statute_n of_o 32._o henry_n 8._o or_o not_o warrantable_a by_o it_o set_v down_o the_o opinion_n contrary_o wâ—ndsor_n viz._n that_o the_o action_n be_v mainetaineable_a against_o the_o executor_n this_o may_v serve_v for_o instance_n the_o like_o be_v in_o any_o other_o case_n where_o the_o lessor_n have_v not_o a_o good_a and_o a_o firm_a title_n but_o perhaps_o subject_a to_o a_o condition_n or_o other_o eviction_n so_o as_o the_o lessee_n can_v enjoy_v the_o land_n according_a to_o his_o lease_n but_o this_o must_v be_v so_o understand_v that_o no_o eviction_n or_o breach_n of_o covenant_n be_v in_o the_o life_n of_o the_o testator_n himself_o for_o if_o that_o be_v there_o be_v no_o question_n but_o the_o executor_n stand_v chargeable_a and_o therefore_o if_o one_o make_v a_o lease_n of_o land_n by_o deed_n wherein_o he_o have_v nothing_o this_o covenant_n be_v perhaps_o present_o break_v and_o though_o the_o lessor_n die_v before_o a_o action_n of_o covenant_n bring_v it_o will_v be_v mainetaineable_a against_o his_o executor_n though_o no_o express_a covenant_n this_o be_v useful_a to_o be_v know_v though_o in_o these_o day_n there_o be_v few_o lease_n so_o make_v without_o express_a covenant_n and_o the_o executor_n also_o name_v and_o where_o there_o be_v a_o special_a covenant_n in_o express_a word_n case_n it_o do_v qualify_v the_o covenant_n employ_v so_o as_o although_o word_n of_o demise_n and_o grant_n tie_v the_o lessor_n to_o a_o general_a warranty_n of_o the_o title_n against_o all_o man_n yet_o it_o be_v after_o covenant_v that_o the_o lessee_n shall_v enjoy_v against_o the_o lessor_n and_o his_o heir_n or_o against_o all_o claim_n under_o he_o or_o his_o ancestor_n now_o no_o eviction_n by_o or_o under_o any_o other_o title_n give_v cause_n of_o action_n or_o
legacy_n in_o certain_a and_o lie_v in_o prender_n may_v be_v take_v or_o have_v without_o the_o executor_n assent_v by_o the_o legatee_n or_o he_o to_o who_o it_o be_v bequeath_v 106_o 2_o when_o a_o executor_n can_v or_o safe_o may_v pay_v deliver_v or_o assent_v to_o a_o legacy_n 108_o 3_o whether_o one_o executor_n alone_o may_v do_v it_o where_o there_o be_v many_o or_o what_o if_o the_o executor_n be_v a_o infant_n or_o a_o marry_a woman_n ibid._n 4_o what_o shall_v amount_v to_o a_o assent_n of_o the_o executor_n and_o what_o to_o a_o disassent_v or_o a_o disability_n of_o assent_n 109_o how_o a_o lease_n or_o chattel_n real_a may_v be_v give_v to_o one_o for_o a_o time_n with_o remainder_n to_o another_o how_o not_o 113_o 6_o where_o a_o assent_n to_o the_o first_o or_o one_o part_n of_o the_o bequest_n shall_v amount_v to_o a_o assent_n for_o the_o residue_n 121_o 7_o of_o the_o manner_n of_o assent_n and_o therein_o of_o assent_n conditional_a 123_o 8_o what_o manner_n of_o interest_n the_o legatee_n in_o the_o remainder_n of_o a_o lease_n after_o the_o death_n of_o another_o have_v during_o the_o life_n of_o that_o other_o and_o whether_o he_o may_v dispose_v of_o it_o during_o that_o time_n and_o how_o 125_o 9_o whether_o this_o remainder_n can_v be_v defeat_v by_o any_o act_n of_o the_o devisâ—â—_n for_o life_n or_o by_o the_o death_n of_o he_o in_o remainder_n first_o 126_o 10_o by_o what_o act_n or_o accident_n a_o legacy_n may_v be_v forfeit_v lose_v or_o revoke_v as_o by_o revocation_n death_n of_o the_o legatee_n before_o etc._n etc._n 127_o 11_o whether_o the_o executor_n assent_n shall_v have_v relation_n to_o the_o testator_n death_n and_o shall_v make_v good_a a_o grant_n before_o make_v by_o the_o legatee_n 135_o chap._n xix_o divers_a case_n of_o bequest_n consider_v and_o expound_v 139_o chap._n xx._n of_o the_o executor_n of_o a_o executor_n 146_o chap._n xxi_o touch_v administrator_n 148_o chap._n xxii_o consideration_n in_o conscience_n touch_v payment_n of_o debt_n legacy_n and_o the_o prefer_n or_o respect_n of_o person_n 149_o chap._n xii_o of_o the_o order_n and_o method_n to_o be_v use_v by_o executor_n in_o payment_n of_o debt_n and_o legacy_n so_o as_o to_o escape_v a_o devastation_n or_o charge_v of_o their_o own_o good_n we_o have_v go_v through_o and_o dispatch_v the_o two_o first_o propose_v part_n viz._n 1._o touch_v the_o be_v of_o executor_n and_o the_o manner_n of_o their_o be_v 2._o their_o have_v and_o the_o manner_n of_o their_o have_v we_o come_v now_o to_o the_o three_o part_n viz._n their_o do_v or_o dispose_n of_o the_o testator_n estate_n now_o this_o consist_v principal_o in_o the_o issue_v of_o money_n though_o partly_o also_o in_o deliver_v or_o assent_v to_o the_o execution_n of_o legacy_n not_o be_v money_n but_o other_o good_n or_o chattel_n bequeath_v money_n be_v to_o be_v issue_v by_o executor_n four_o way_n ordinary_o about_o the_o funeral_n of_o the_o testator_n about_o prove_v his_o will._n in_o pay_v of_o debt_n in_o pay_v and_o satisfy_v of_o legacy_n pecuniary_a as_o for_o the_o first_o burial_n be_v as_o of_o necessity_n for_o two_o respect_n viz._n 1._o of_o charity_n to_o the_o dead_a that_o he_o may_v be_v christianly_o and_o seemly_o inter_v 2._o to_o prevent_v and_o avoid_v annoyance_n to_o the_o live_n who_o by_o the_o very_a view_n of_o dead_a carcase_n will_v both_o be_v affright_v and_o within_o a_o few_o day_n distaste_v at_o the_o nose_n we_o know_v that_o under_o the_o law_n the_o touch_v of_o a_o dead_a carcase_n make_v a_o man_n unclean_a and_o to_o need_v purify_n nor_o can_v we_o easy_o forget_v what_o the_o sister_n of_o lazarus_n say_v to_o our_o saviour_n touch_v their_o brother_n when_o he_o have_v be_v dead_a two_o or_o three_o day_n viz._n that_o the_o take_n of_o he_o then_o out_o of_o his_o grave_n must_v needs_o bring_v a_o noisome_a savour_n hereabout_o therefore_o some_o expense_n be_v necessary_a and_o that_o not_o only_o for_o fee_n to_o be_v pay_v which_o in_o london_n amount_v to_o a_o considerable_a sum_n special_o for_o such_o as_o be_v to_o be_v bury_v within_o the_o church_n but_o also_o otherwise_o viz._n for_o the_o pall_n or_o hearse-cloth_n the_o ring_n etc._n etc._n as_o for_o feast_v and_o banquet_v it_o seem_v not_o to_o i_o congruent_a to_o the_o sadness_n and_o dolefulnesse_n of_o the_o action_n in_o hand_n but_o howsoever_o that_o be_v yet_o where_o the_o testator_n leave_v not_o sufficient_a good_n to_o pay_v his_o debt_n festival_n expense_n be_v to_o be_v forbear_v except_o the_o executor_n will_v out_o of_o kindness_n bear_v it_o with_o his_o own_o purse_n for_o dead_a debtor_n must_v not_o feast_v to_o make_v their_o live_a creditor_n fast_o i_o mention_v a_o considerable_a amount_v of_o funeral_n fee_n payable_a in_o london_n and_o sure_o to_o let_v my_o thought_n fall_v back_o upon_o it_o a_o little_a it_o be_v worth_a consideration_n whether_o in_o that_o kind_n and_o especial_o for_o those_o who_o die_v there_o be_v yet_o carry_v into_o their_o country_n to_o be_v bury_v the_o exaction_n be_v not_o either_o unjust_a altogether_o or_o too_o onerous_o excessive_a so_o also_o for_o much_o ring_a contrary_a to_o the_o canon_n make_v at_o the_o convocation_n in_o the_o first_o year_n of_o king_n james._n the_o next_o thing_n mention_v to_o justify_v and_o occasion_n expense_n be_v the_o prove_v of_o the_o will_n but_o this_o way_n a_o great_a disbursement_n except_o for_o ride_v charge_n or_o by_o reason_n of_o opposition_n by_o a_o caveat_n put_v in_o or_o the_o like_a will_v not_o stand_v allowable_a then_o be_v prescribe_v by_o the_o statute_n make_v in_o the_o time_n of_o hen._n 8._o whereby_o the_o fee_n of_o ordinary_n 5._o and_o their_o scribe_n register_n and_o officer_n be_v limit_v and_o it_o be_v strange_a that_o these_o bound_n have_v be_v so_o much_o and_o so_o frequent_o break_v and_o transgress_v the_o rather_o for_o that_o long_o before_o in_o the_o time_n of_o king_n edward_n the_o three_o 4._o by_o a_o act_n of_o parliament_n it_o be_v provide_v that_o the_o king_n justice_n shall_v as_o well_o at_o the_o king_n suit_n as_o at_o the_o party_n grieve_v inquire_v after_o such_o oppression_n or_o extortion_n for_o so_o they_o be_v call_v yea_o s._n germ._n 10._o who_o be_v no_o stranger_n to_o the_o civil_a and_o canon_n law_n as_o appear_v by_o his_o book_n say_v that_o the_o ordinary_a aught_o to_o take_v nothing_o for_o the_o probate_n if_o the_o good_n suffice_v not_o for_o funeral_n and_o debt_n but_o he_o mean_v only_o that_o conscience_n be_v against_o it_o now_o we_o come_v to_o the_o three_o occasion_n of_o disbursement_n viz._n payment_n of_o debt_n which_o be_v the_o main_a part_n of_o our_o business_n we_o have_v before_o see_v what_o debt_n lie_v upon_o executor_n have_v asset_n to_o pay_v they_o we_o be_v now_o to_o see_v in_o what_o order_n they_o must_v pay_v they_o as_o well_o ut_fw-la sint_fw-la fidi_fw-la dispensatores_fw-la as_o for_o their_o own_o indemnity_n ne_fw-la quid_fw-la res_fw-la sua_fw-la capiat_fw-la detrimenti_fw-la to_o put_v ourselves_o into_o the_o better_a order_n or_o method_n of_o handle_v these_o thing_n we_o will_v sort_v out_o debt_n into_o their_o several_a kind_n thus_o they_o be_v of_o these_o three_o sort_n viz._n either_o debt_n of_o or_o upon_o record_n or_o debt_n by_o specialty_n or_o debt_n without_o specialty_n the_o debt_n upon_o record_n may_v be_v again_o divide_v into_o four_o sort_n or_o kind_n viz._n debt_n to_o the_o king_n or_o the_o crown_n debt_n by_o judgement_n or_o recovery_n in_o some_o court_n of_o record_n debt_n by_o recognizance_n debt_n by_o statute_n staple_n or_o statute_n merchant_n amid_o these_o the_o debt_n to_o the_o crown_n be_v to_o have_v the_o first_o place_n or_o precedence_n so_o as_o if_o there_o be_v not_o come_v to_o the_o executor_n good_n of_o great_a value_n than_o will_v suffice_v for_o the_o satisfaction_n of_o these_o he_o be_v not_o to_o pay_v any_o debt_n to_o a_o subject_n and_o if_o he_o be_v sue_v for_o any_o such_o eliz._n he_o may_v plead_v in_o bar_n of_o this_o suit_n that_o his_o testator_n die_v thus_o much_o indebt_v to_o the_o king_n show_v how_o etc._n etc._n and_o that_o he_o have_v not_o good_n surmount_v the_o value_n of_o that_o debt_n or_o if_o the_o subject_n pursuit_n be_v not_o so_o by_o way_n of_o action_n as_o that_o the_o executor_n have_v day_n in_o court_n to_o plead_v but_o be_v by_o way_n of_o sue_v execution_n as_o upon_o statute_n merchant_n or_o staple_n then_o be_v the_o executor_n put_v to_o his_o audita_fw-la querela_fw-la whereinis_fw-la he_o must_v set_v forth_o this_o matter_n and_o there_o be_v great_a reason_n why_o the_o king_n
upon_o a_o statute_n and_o if_o they_o have_v no_o warning_n in_o the_o scire_fw-la facias_fw-la purpose_n but_o upon_o nihil_fw-la return_v the_o judgement_n pass_v there_o also_o the_o executor_n may_v be_v relieve_v by_o audita_fw-la querela_fw-la because_o there_o be_v no_o default_n in_o he_o that_o he_o do_v not_o plead_v or_o set_v forth_o the_o judgement_n upon_o the_o suit_n in_o the_o scire_fw-la facias_fw-la nor_o will_v it_o be_v any_o plea_n for_o the_o creditor_n by_o statute_n to_o say_v that_o his_o statute_n be_v acknowledge_v before_o the_o judgement_n 59_o and_o so_o be_v more_o ancient_a circiter_fw-la for_o a_o latter_a or_o more_o puisne_n judgement_n be_v to_o be_v prefer_v before_o a_o statute_n in_o time_n precedent_n but_o if_o this_o judgement_n be_v satisfy_v and_o it_o only_o keep_v on_o foot_n to_o wrong_v other_o creditor_n 28._o or_o if_o there_o be_v any_o defeasance_n of_o the_o judgement_n yet_o in_o force_n 132._o than_o the_o judgement_n will_v not_o avail_v to_o keep_v off_o other_o creditor_n from_o their_o debt_n and_o thus_o much_o touch_v debt_n by_o judgement_n viz._n how_o they_o stand_v in_o priority_n before_o other_o debt_n by_o statute_n or_o recognizance_n now_o to_o see_v how_o they_o stand_v among_o themselves_o let_v this_o be_v observe_v viz._n that_o between_o one_o judgement_n and_o another_o have_v against_o the_o testator_n eliz._n precedency_n or_o priority_n of_o time_n be_v not_o material_a hold_v but_o he_o which_o first_o sue_v execution_n must_v be_v prefer_v and_o before_o any_o execution_n sue_v it_o be_v at_o the_o election_n of_o the_o executor_n to_o pay_v who_o he_o will_v first_o yea_o if_o each_o bring_v a_o scire_fw-la facias_fw-la upon_o his_o judgement_n the_o executor_n may_v yet_o confess_v the_o action_n of_o which_o he_o will_v first_o notwithstanding_o the_o scire_fw-la facias_fw-la be_v bring_v by_o the_o one_o before_o the_o other_o in_o this_o scire_fw-la facias_fw-la the_o defendant_n may_v plead_v general_o that_o he_o have_v full_o administer_v before_o the_o scire_fw-la facias_fw-la bring_v without_o show_v that_o he_o do_v administer_v in_o payment_n of_o debt_n of_o as_o high_a nature_n yet_o that_o must_v be_v prove_v upon_o the_o evidence_n else_o the_o trial_n will_v fall_v out_o against_o the_o executor_n thus_o have_v i_o deliver_v the_o most_o material_a thing_n in_o my_o apprehension_n touch_v debt_n by_o judgement_n yet_o thereabouts_o i_o will_v add_v for_o the_o better_a information_n of_o the_o reader_n not_o study_v in_o the_o law_n these_o few_o thing_n first_o that_o what_o have_v be_v say_v be_v only_o to_o be_v understand_v of_o judgement_n against_o the_o testator_n and_o not_o of_o any_o against_o the_o executor_n himself_o for_o of_o those_o be_v but_o debt_n by_o specialty_n at_o the_o time_n of_o the_o testator_n death_n we_o shall_v speak_v after_o second_o what_o be_v say_v of_o the_o testator_n in_o case_n of_o a_o executor_n immediate_a be_v likewise_o to_o be_v understand_v of_o the_o testator_n testator_n in_o case_n of_o the_o executor_n of_o a_o executor_n for_o where_o a._n make_v b._n executor_n and_o b._n make_v c._n executor_n there_o the_o good_n which_o come_v from_o or_o be_v leave_v by_o a._n be_v not_o in_o the_o hand_n of_o c._n liable_a to_o judgement_n have_v against_o b._n nor_o on_o the_o otherside_n be_v the_o good_n of_o b._n in_o the_o hand_n of_o c._n subject_n to_o the_o judgement_n have_v against_o a._n and_o the_o like_a be_v to_o be_v understand_v of_o statute_n recognizance_n and_o bond_n as_o elsewhere_o be_v somewhat_o touch_v 15._o three_o recovery_n or_o judgement_n by_o mere_a confession_n without_o defence_n be_v yet_o of_o the_o same_o nature_n and_o to_o have_v the_o same_o respect_n as_o other_o recovery_n upon_o trial_n or_o otherwise_o for_o although_o they_o may_v seem_v to_o be_v but_o of_o the_o nature_n of_o recognizance_n which_o be_v debita_fw-la recognita_fw-la 183._o yet_o do_v they_o differ_v from_o they_o in_o that_o here_o a_o debt_n be_v demand_v by_o a_o declaration_n which_o be_v intend_v true_a &_o that_o therefore_o the_o defendant_n can_v deny_v it_o but_o in_o case_n of_o a_o recognizance_n it_o be_v not_o so_o for_o there_o usual_o no_o action_n be_v enter_v nor_o debt_n demand_v four_o the_o foreshow_v respect_n to_o debt_n by_o judgement_n be_v not_o to_o be_v enclose_v within_o westminster_n hall-and_a be_v restrain_v to_o the_o four_o court_n there_o but_o may_v and_o must_v extend_v itself_o to_o judgement_n in_o other_o court_n of_o record_n viz._n in_o city_n and_o town_n corporate_a have_v power_n by_o charter_n or_o prescription_n to_o hold_v plea_n of_o debt_n above_o forty_o shilling_n as_o in_o london_n oxford_n etc._n etc._n for_o although_o there_o execution_n can_v be_v have_v of_o any_o other_o good_n than_o such_o as_o be_v within_o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o that_o court_n yet_o if_o the_o record_n be_v remove_v into_o the_o chancery_n by_o certiorari_fw-la and_o thence_o by_o mittimus_fw-la into_o one_o of_o the_o bench_n so_o execution_n may_v be_v have_v upon_o any_o good_n in_o any_o county_n of_o england_n five_o in_o case_n where_o the_o testator_n be_v bind_v in_o a_o recognizance_n and_o a_o sci._n fac_fw-la bring_v against_o he_o and_o thereupon_o judgement_n give_v although_o this_o judgement_n be_v not_o quod_fw-la recuperet_fw-la after_o as_o in_o case_n of_o action_n of_o debt_n but_o quod_fw-la habent_fw-la exetiâ—nem_fw-la yet_o since_o execution_n be_v the_o life_n fruit_n and_o effect_n of_o all_o judgement_n this_o may_v now_o well_o stand_v for_o a_o debt_n by_o judgement_n as_o i_o take_v it_o of_o recognizance_n and_o statute_n next_o unto_o debt_n by_o judgement_n be_v those_o by_o statute_n or_o recognizance_n to_o be_v regard_v by_o the_o executor_n and_o because_o i_o find_v no_o difference_n of_o priority_n or_o precedency_n between_o these_o two_o i_o therefore_o rank_n they_o together_o yet_o one_o reason_n of_o preferment_n give_v to_o judgement_n before_o statute_n in_o harison_n case_n viz._n that_o the_o one_o remain_v a_o record_n upon_o the_o roll_n in_o the_o king_n court_n whereas_o the_o other_o be_v carry_v in_o the_o pocket_n of_o the_o counisee_fw-mi be_v more_o private_a this_o i_o say_v shall_v give_v priority_n also_o to_o recognizance_n before_o statute_n as_o also_o another_o reason_n for_o that_o statute_n be_v not_o proper_o record_n but_o obligation_n record_v yet_o do_v i_o not_o find_v that_o this_o make_v a_o difference_n for_o priority_n of_o payment_n and_o indeed_o the_o statute_n be_v the_o more_o expedite_a remedy_n since_o thereupon_o execution_n may_v be_v take_v out_o without_o any_o scire_fw-la facias_fw-la or_o other_o suit_n which_o can_v be_v in_o the_o case_n of_o a_o recognizance_n for_o there_o if_o a_o year_n be_v pass_v after_o the_o acknowledgement_n no_o execution_n can_v be_v sue_v out_o against_o the_o party_n himself_o acknowledge_v it_o without_o a_o scire_fw-la facias_fw-la first_fw-mi sue_v out_o against_o he_o and_o if_o he_o be_v dead_a then_o though_o the_o year_n be_v not_o past_a yet_o must_v a_o scire_fw-la facias_fw-la be_v sue_v and_o thereupon_o the_o executor_n defendant_n may_v plead_v some_o plea_n to_o hold_v off_o the_o execution_n for_o a_o time_n but_o this_o notwithstanding_o the_o executor_n may_v satisfy_v the_o recognizance_n before_o the_o statute_n good_a at_o least_o if_o he_o do_v it_o before_o execution_n sue_v thereupon_o for_o they_o stand_v in_o equal_a degree_n it_o be_v at_o his_o election_n to_o give_v precedency_n and_o preferment_n to_o whether_o he_o will_n neither_o be_v it_o material_a which_o of_o they_o be_v first_o or_o more_o ancient_a nor_o between_o one_o statute_n &_o another_o do_v the_o time_n or_o antiquity_n give_v any_o advantage_n as_o touch_v the_o good_n though_o as_o touch_v the_o land_n of_o the_o conusor_n it_o do_v but_o as_o for_o his_o good_n in_o the_o hand_n of_o his_o executor_n whosoever_o first_o get_v hold_v of_o they_o by_o his_o execution_n shall_v have_v the_o preferment_n and_o before_o sue_v of_o execution_n the_o executor_n may_v give_v precedence_n or_o preferment_n to_o who_o he_o will_n but_o now_o some_o may_v object_v that_o there_o be_v no_o course_n nor_o write_v of_o execution_n for_o any_o such_o counisee_fw-mi against_o the_o executor_n and_o if_o so_o than_o statute_n merchant_n and_o of_o the_o staple_n be_v in_o vain_a speak_v of_o and_o it_o be_v true_a that_o master_n brook_n after_o chief_a justice_n of_o the_o common_a plea_n in_o his_o new_a case_n profess_v 43_o that_o he_o know_v not_o any_o remedy_n for_o the_o creditor_n out_o of_o the_o good_n of_o the_o conusor_n after_o his_o death_n but_o if_o this_o shall_v be_v so_o the_o law_n be_v very_o defective_a since_o the_o substance_n of_o many_o especial_o of_o merchant_n for_o and_o among_o who_o
make_v executor_n but_o never_o do_v administer_v now_o it_o must_v be_v reply_v that_o he_o be_v make_v executor_n at_o such_o a_o place_n without_o speak_v any_o thing_n of_o his_o administer_a on_o the_o other_o side_n if_o he_o do_v administer_v but_o be_v not_o make_v executor_n then_o only_o the_o administer_a be_v to_o be_v reply_v b._n but_o if_o it_o shall_v be_v find_v that_o the_o defendant_n have_v administration_n to_o he_o commit_v and_o so_o administer_v by_o virtue_n thereof_o then_o be_v the_o verdict_n to_o pass_v for_o the_o defendant_n for_o this_o be_v no_o administer_a as_o executor_n and_o upon_o a_o general_a denial_n thereof_o this_o may_v be_v give_v in_o evidence_n as_o the_o lo._n dyar_n report_v to_o have_v be_v resolve_v 305._o but_o if_o the_o plaintiff_n do_v in_o his_o replication_n maintain_v both_o the_o point_n shall_v this_o make_v his_o plea_n double_a i_o think_v it_o shall_v yet_o i_o find_v it_o so_o reply_v and_o no_o exception_n take_v for_o the_o doubleness_n b._n tr._n 17._o h._n 8._o rot._n 28._o a_o sole_a woman_n be_v executor_n make_v a_o deed_n of_o gift_n of_o the_o testator_n good_n in_o trust_n eliz._n but_o continue_v possession_n of_o they_o and_o marry_v j._n s._n who_o also_o have_v possession_n of_o the_o good_n and_o in_o a_o action_n of_o debt_n by_o a_o creditor_n full_o administer_v be_v plead_v now_o upon_o evidence_n the_o verdict_n shall_v pass_v for_o the_o plaintiff_n for_o this_o alienation_n be_v fraudulent_a be_v void_a as_o to_o all_o creditor_n and_o so_o as_o to_o the_o plaintiff_n the_o good_n continue_v the_o testator_n and_o so_o asset_n in_o the_o defendant_n hand_n as_o be_v hold_v in_o the_o king_n bench._n if_o full_o administer_v be_v plead_v where_o the_o defendant_n have_v asset_n for_o part_n but_o not_o sufficient_a for_o all_o and_o so_o it_o be_v find_v yet_o shall_v not_o judgement_n be_v give_v for_o the_o whole_a asset_n but_o for_o part_v present_o with_o a_o further_a award_n that_o when_o more_o shall_v come_v to_o the_o executor_n hand_n the_o plaintiff_n shall_v then_o have_v further_a judgement_n for_o the_o rest_n so_o as_o that_o false_a plea_n do_v he_o no_o prejudice_n but_o make_v he_o in_o as_o good_a state_n the_o charge_n of_o trial_n except_v as_o if_o he_o have_v confess_v himself_o to_o have_v part_n and_o i_o think_v the_o plaintiff_n upon_o that_o confession_n of_o part_n may_v pray_v the_o like_a judgement_n without_o maintain_v that_o the_o defendant_n have_v sufficient_a for_o the_o rest_n for_o if_o that_o be_v not_o true_a why_o shall_v he_o be_v put_v to_o the_o charge_n of_o a_o trial_n by_o jury_n yea_o sir_n edw_n cook_n at_o the_o bar_n tr._n 36._o eliz._n 134._o say_v that_o where_o full_o administer_v be_v plead_v the_o plaintiff_n be_v not_o tie_v to_o maintain_v the_o contrary_a but_o may_v present_o pray_v and_o have_v judgement_n to_o recover_v it_o when_o asset_n shall_v future_o come_v to_o the_o defendant_n hand_n which_o be_v deny_v by_o some_o but_o true_o i_o think_v the_o law_n shall_v be_v as_o he_o say_v as_o well_o as_o in_o the_o former_a case_n where_o for_o the_o part_n which_o the_o defendant_n have_v not_o asset_n to_o pay_v it_o so_o be_v do_v upon_o verdict_n so_o find_v but_o there_o as_o i_o conceive_v it_o be_v not_o a_o present_a judgement_n but_o a_o award_n that_o he_o shall_v have_v judgement_n future_o so_o as_o after_o when_o asset_n come_v to_o the_o defendant_n hand_n the_o plaintiff_n must_v have_v a_o seire_n faeias_fw-la against_o the_o defendant_n to_o show_v cause_n not_o why_o he_o shall_v not_o have_v execution_n but_o why_o he_o shall_v not_o have_v judgement_n as_o i_o take_v it_o yea_o where_o it_o be_v find_v for_o the_o defendant_n that_o he_o have_v full_o administer_v yet_o be_v be_v hold_v by_o all_o the_o justice_n 33_o hen._n 6._o 23_o 24._o and_o by_o â—risoâ—_n 34_o hen._n 6._o 24._o that_o when_o asset_n after_o come_v to_o his_o hand_n the_o plaintiff_n shall_v have_v a_o scire_fw-la sacias_fw-la to_o have_v satisfaction_n out_o of_o they_o but_o there_o markham_n yeluerton_n and_o forteseu_n be_v of_o contrary_a opinion_n and_o so_o be_v the_o whole_a court_n 4_o hen._n 6._o for_n 4_o and_o it_o stand_v with_o great_a reason_n that_o where_o upon_o a_o verdict_n full_o find_v against_o the_o plaintiff_n b._n judgement_n be_v give_v quod_fw-la nihil_fw-la capiat_fw-la per_fw-la breve_fw-la there_o he_o can_v have_v any_o writ_n to_o execute_v the_o judgement_n for_o he_o but_o be_v put_v to_o a_o new_a action_n of_o debt_n yet_o where_o it_o be_v find_v that_o the_o defendant_n have_v asset_n for_o part_n of_o the_o debt_n but_o not_o sufficient_a for_o the_o whole_a there_o it_o be_v very_o congruous_a that_o the_o plaintiff_n have_v present_o judgement_n for_o part_n and_o after_o when_o more_o come_v then_o by_o scire_fw-la facias_fw-la against_o the_o defendant_n obtain_v judgement_n and_o execution_n for_o the_o rest_n 9_o for_o here_o both_o verdict_n and_o judgement_n be_v for_o the_o plaintiff_n against_o the_o defendant_n who_o plea_n that_o he_o have_v no_o good_n be_v false_a and_o so_o find_v by_o the_o jury_n and_o this_o difference_n be_v strong_o avow_v by_o sergeant_n hanham_n mich._n 33._o 34._o eliz._n and_o after_o approve_a by_o fenner_n just_o 36._o eliz._n none_o contradict_v it_o 41._o yet_o a_o book_n be_v cite_v that_o the_o plaintiff_n recover_v so_o much_o as_o be_v find_v in_o the_o executor_n hand_n shall_v be_v amerse_v for_o the_o residue_n which_o popham_n chief_a justice_n deny_v to_o be_v law_n chap._n xvi_o where_o judgement_n shall_v be_v against_o the_o executor_n own_o good_n though_o no_o plea_n of_o the_o defendant_n nor_o vastation_n do_v so_o occasion_n and_o of_o the_o several_a manner_n of_o judgement_n in_o several_a case_n how_o by_o waste_v call_v by_o we_o common_o a_o devastavit_fw-la a_o executor_n may_v draw_v down_o the_o execution_n upon_o his_o own_o good_n have_v former_o be_v handle_v and_o discourse_v of_o as_o also_o what_o kind_n of_o plea_n do_v make_v the_o executor_n own_o good_n liable_a to_o the_o debt_n and_o what_o not_o now_o let_v we_o see_v where_o without_o misadministring_a or_o mis-pleading_a yet_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o action_n shall_v lay_v the_o whole_a debt_n or_o thing_n recover_v upon_o the_o executor_n own_o good_n and_o this_o we_o shall_v find_v in_o some_o few_o case_n 1._o where_o a_o executor_n be_v sue_v for_o rend_v behind_o after_o his_o testator_n death_n upon_o a_o lease_n for_o year_n make_v to_o the_o testator_n and_o by_o he_o leave_v to_o his_o executor_n here_o it_o shall_v be_v adjudge_v and_o levy_v upon_o his_o own_o good_n for_o that_o so_o much_o of_o the_o profit_n as_o the_o rent_n amount_v to_o shall_v be_v account_v as_o his_o own_o good_n and_o not_o his_o testator_n therefore_o be_v he_o to_o be_v sue_v as_o well_o in_o the_o debet_fw-la as_o the_o detinâ—t_n where_o in_o other_o case_n he_o be_v not_o but_o in_o the_o detinet_fw-la only_o be_v sue_v as_o executor_n so_o if_o any_o thing_n deliver_v to_o or_o detain_v by_o his_o testator_n come_v to_o his_o hand_n and_o he_o still_o detain_v the_o same_o after_o the_o demand_n and_o be_v thereupon_o sue_v in_o a_o action_n of_o detinue_n for_o this_o be_v his_o own_o act_n nor_o in_o this_o case_n need_v he_o to_o be_v name_v as_o executor_n for_o he_o shall_v not_o answer_v damage_n for_o his_o testator_n detain_v so_o if_o he_o assume_v to_o pay_v a_o debt_n of_o his_o testator_n have_v asset_n and_o be_v sue_v upon_o this_o assumpt_n the_o which_o debt_n be_v to_o be_v recover_v in_o damage_n and_o that_o upon_o or_o out_o of_o the_o executor_n own_o good_n yet_o be_v this_o action_n and_o the_o assumption_n which_o be_v the_o ground_n thereof_o found_v in_o the_o executorship_n and_o his_o have_a asset_n for_o if_o either_o he_o have_v not_o be_v executor_n or_o if_o he_o have_v not_o asset_n at_o the_o time_n of_o the_o promise_n it_o have_v be_v nudum_fw-la pactum_fw-la 182._o and_o will_v not_o have_v bind_v he_o nor_o give_v good_a cause_n of_o suit_n nay_o to_o go_v further_o in_o the_o case_n of_o assumption_n by_o the_o testator_n and_o suit_n against_o the_o executor_n thereupon_o we_o find_v the_o judgement_n in_o m._n plowdens_n commentary_n give_v against_o the_o executor_n general_o as_o if_o he_o have_v not_o be_v a_o executor_n not_o fix_v it_o upon_o the_o testator_n good_n case_n yet_o there_o the_o very_a debt_n itself_o be_v include_v in_o the_o damage_n 2._o but_o contrary_o be_v it_o after_o in_o the_o seven_o year_n of_o the_o late_a king_n viz._n judgement_n give_v that_o as_o well_o the_o damage_n as_o the_o cost_n shall_v be_v levy_v
from_o the_o attainder_n and_o punishment_n incident_a to_o a_o felon_n regular_o it_o be_v thus_o but_o non_fw-la est_fw-la regula_fw-la quin_fw-la fall_v it_o one_o of_o much_o less_o year_n have_v attain_v ripeness_n of_o discretion_n and_o discern_a shall_v incur_v the_o like_a attainder_n as_o one_o of_o full_a age_n as_o be_v resolve_v in_o the_o time_n of_o king_n henry_n the_o seven_o 6._o touch_v a_o infant_n but_o of_o the_o age_n of_o nine_o year_n who_o have_v kill_v another_o boy_n of_o like_a age_n with_o his_o knife_n and_o then_o hide_v the_o slay_a boy_n and_o excuse_v the_o blood_n find_v upon_o he_o by_o say_v that_o his_o nose_n have_v bleed_v it_o be_v hold_v by_o the_o judge_n that_o he_o be_v to_o be_v hang_v as_o a_o felon_n his_o such_o nonage_n notwithstanding_o the_o other_o point_n touch_v which_o this_o age_n of_o fourteen_o year_n be_v especial_o material_a be_v touch_v a_o heir_n of_o land_n hold_v by_o socage_n for_o in_o case_n such_o heir_n be_v under_o that_o age_n he_o be_v to_o be_v in_o ward_n to_o the_o next_o kin_n but_o if_o he_o be_v of_o that_o age_n he_o be_v not_o to_o be_v in_o ward_n at_o all_o for_o that_o the_o law_n judge_v he_o to_o be_v of_o discretion_n at_o those_o year_n and_o therefore_o a_o guardian_n in_o socage_n be_v in_o effect_n but_o a_o bailiff_n accountable_a he_o have_v no_o need_n of_o such_o a_o one_o other_o than_o such_o as_o himself_o shall_v choose_v the_o three_o age_n in_o and_o touch_v male_n material_a be_v fifteen_o year_n for_o every_o lord_n of_o a_o manor_n or_o one_o have_v freeholder_n in_o socage_n or_o by_o knight_n service_n when_o his_o elder_a son_n come_v to_o that_o age_n viz._n fifteen_o year_n be_v to_o have_v of_o they_o aid_n for_o the_o make_n of_o he_o a_o knight_n towards_o which_o every_o one_o hold_v by_o a_o whole_a knight_n fee_n be_v to_o pay_v twenty_o shilling_n and_o so_o ratable_o for_o more_o more_o and_o less_o less_o and_o each_o hold_n twenty_o pound_n land_n in_o socage_n be_v to_o pay_v the_o like_a sum_n and_o so_o ratable_o for_o more_o or_o less_o the_o four_o age_n of_o male_n be_v the_o full_a age_n of_o one_o and_o twenty_o year_n which_o make_v he_o free_a from_o wardship_n have_v land_n hold_v by_o knight-service_n descend_v unto_o he_o and_o also_o make_v he_o able_a to_o alien_a land_n or_o good_n make_v firm_a his_o bond_n statute_n recognizance_n etc._n etc._n for_o although_o at_o fourteen_o the_o law_n judge_v he_o of_o discretion_n yet_o do_v it_o not_o hold_v he_o full_o ripe_a till_o one_o and_o twenty_o the_o last_o age_n of_o male_n respect_v by_o the_o law_n be_v seventy_o year_n oblitum_fw-la at_o which_o time_n sheriff_n be_v to_o forbear_v to_o impanell_n they_o in_o juries_n 1._o and_o in_o case_n they_o do_v not_o such_o old_a man_n may_v have_v a_o write_v to_o the_o sheriff_n ground_v upon_o the_o statute_n for_o that_o purpose_n make_v in_o the_o time_n of_o king_n edward_n the_o first_o â—_o command_v such_o sheriff_n to_o forbear_v the_o impanel_a of_o he_o and_o he_o may_v have_v a_o action_n to_o recover_v damage_n upon_o that_o statute_n this_o be_v call_v by_o most_o a_o writ_n of_o dotage_n a_o word_n perhaps_o ancient_o take_v in_o a_o good_a and_o favourable_a sense_n pro_n dote_v etatis_fw-la viz._n a_o gift_n privilege_n or_o exemption_n allow_v to_o age_n in_o favour_n thereof_o and_o as_o a_o benefit_n have_v thus_o by_o way_n of_o ingredient_n or_o introduction_n take_v view_n of_o these_o several_a age_n let_v we_o now_o see_v wherein_o and_o how_o age_n be_v material_a touch_v they_o who_o be_v to_o make_v or_o to_o be_v make_v executor_n and_o what_o age_n require_v thereabouts_o master_n perkins_n say_v 97._o that_o one_o of_o four_o year_n old_a may_v make_v a_o will_n and_o consequent_o executor_n and_o his_o reason_n be_v because_o the_o executor_n be_v to_o account_v before_o the_o ordinary_a do_n it_o can_v be_v intend_v but_o that_o the_o good_n shall_v be_v distribute_v for_o the_o good_a of_o his_o soul_n he_o speak_v as_o if_o he_o only_o make_v a_o executor_n by_o his_o will_n but_o do_v not_o bequeath_v any_o thing_n but_o leave_v all_o to_o the_o executor_n conscience_n and_o discretion_n which_o be_v not_o usual_a though_o fesible_a as_o before_o i_o have_v show_v or_o say_v at_o least_o but_o admit_v it_o be_v so_o and_o no_o bequest_n at_o all_o contain_v in_o the_o will_n yet_o since_o at_o that_o age_n a_o infant_n have_v no_o discretion_n to_o elect_v a_o fit_a person_n to_o distribute_v his_o good_n money_n and_o other_o thing_n no_o nor_o to_o make_v continuation_n of_o a_o executorship_n to_o another_o to_o who_o perhaps_o the_o infant_n be_v executor_n i_o can_v see_v that_o his_o will_n shall_v be_v of_o any_o force_n but_o if_o he_o be_v of_o the_o age_n of_o 14._o year_n be_v the_o age_n of_o discretion_n in_o the_o judgement_n of_o law_n than_o i_o shall_v hold_v he_o able_a to_o make_v a_o will_n although_o yet_o he_o be_v a_o infant_n till_o twenty_o one_o year_n and_o can_v make_v no_o gift_n of_o land_n nor_o good_n which_o shall_v be_v of_o force_n and_o babington_n chief_a justice_n 6._o to_o other_o purpose_n make_v like_o distinction_n between_o a_o infant_n of_o such_o tender_a year_n and_o one_o come_v to_o the_o year_n of_o discretion_n so_o also_o as_o before_o we_o show_v be_v it_o in_o the_o case_n of_o felony_n and_o that_o way_n also_o sound_v that_o which_o hanck_n 22._o say_v in_o henry_n the_o four_o his_o time_n viz._n that_o a_o infant_n of_o 18._o year_n old_a may_v be_v a_o disseisor_n as_o imply_v that_o his_o year_n may_v be_v so_o tender_a 44._o that_o as_o candish_n say_v of_o a_o infant_n in_o edward_n the_o three_o his_o time_n he_o be_v not_o to_o be_v intend_v able_a to_o know_v or_o discern_v between_o good_a and_o evil_a i_o think_v therefore_o he_o shall_v be_v at_o the_o least_o of_o the_o age_n of_o discretion_n viz._n 14._o year_n who_o shall_v be_v able_a to_o make_v a_o will_n and_o consequent_o a_o executor_n and_o the_o custom_n for_o a_o infant_n of_o 15._o year_n old_a to_o bequeath_v by_o will_n have_v as_o to_o i_o it_o seem_v 5._o affinity_n with_o this_o opinion_n though_o there_o the_o case_n be_v of_o land_n in_o a_o borough_n devisable_v by_o custom_n 6._o and_o that_o way_n reflect_v the_o case_n in_o the_o time_n of_o king_n henry_n the_o six_o where_o it_o be_v say_v that_o a_o infant_n under_o 15._o year_n of_o age_n shall_v not_o wage_v his_o law_n viz._n take_v a_o oath_n to_o acquit_v himself_o of_o a_o debt_n or_o excuse_v his_o default_n in_o a_o action_n real_a and_o further_a reason_n of_o this_o opinion_n will_v arise_v out_o of_o the_o consideration_n of_o a_o infant_n make_v a_o executor_n now_o touch_v a_o infant_n make_v executor_n how_o young_a soever_o he_o be_v the_o make_n of_o he_o so_o be_v not_o void_a but_o yet_o the_o execution_n of_o the_o will_n which_o be_v the_o performance_n of_o the_o office_n of_o executor_n shall_v not_o be_v commit_v to_o he_o till_o he_o come_v to_o the_o age_n of_o 17._o year_n by_o the_o law_n spiritual_a and_o till_o then_o for_o that_o he_o be_v not_o able_a to_o do_v the_o part_n of_o a_o executor_n administration_n be_v to_o be_v commit_v to_o some_o other_o yet_o if_o it_o be_v a_o woman_n infant_n who_o be_v so_o make_v executrix_fw-la p._n in_o case_n she_o be_v marry_v to_o a_o man_n of_o 17_o year_n old_a or_o more_o now_o be_v it_o as_o if_o she_o be_v of_o that_o age_n and_o her_o husband_n shall_v have_v the_o execution_n of_o the_o will_n and_o if_o administration_n be_v before_o commit_v during_o the_o minority_n of_o the_o woman_n eliz._n it_o shall_v now_o cease_v as_o be_v say_v in_o prince_n case_n yet_o i_o do_v a_o little_a marvel_n at_o these_o opinion_n consider_v that_o these_o thing_n be_v manage_v in_o the_o spiritual_a court_n and_o by_o that_o law_n and_o it_o intermedle_n not_o with_o the_o husband_n in_o the_o wife_n case_n now_o by_o that_o law_n and_o not_o our_o common_a law_n come_v in_o this_o limit_n of_o 17._o year_n and_o i_o have_v see_v it_o otherwise_o report_v in_o and_o touch_v this_o last_o point_n further_n touch_v infant_n executor_n and_o under_o that_o age_n of_o 17._o year_n this_o be_v to_o be_v note_v viz._n that_o such_o a_o one_o be_v not_o able_a as_o a_o executor_n to_o assent_v to_o a_o legacy_n 29._o so_o as_o it_o may_v by_o virtue_n thereof_o settle_v in_o the_o legatee_n also_o if_o administration_n be_v during_o such_o minority_n commit_v with_o special_a word_n of_o restraint_n or_o limitation_n viz._n