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ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A13222	The Swedish intelligencer. The first part. Wherein, out of the truest and choysest informations, are the famous actions of that warlike prince historically led along: from his Majesties first entring into the Empire, vntill his great victory over the Generall Tilly, at the Battell of Leipsich. The times and places of every action being so sufficiently observed and described; that the reader may finde both truth and reason in it.	Watts, William, 1590?-1649.; Mountain, Gerard, engraver.	1632 (1632)	STC 23521; ESTC S118047	101,946	205

Walensteins so easie quitting of his Armie body much admired at Walenstein immediately obeyes the commandement of the Emperour Some indeede surmised that he being a fast servant to the Emperour though a gallantly magnificent spirited person yet being now become inexorable by the many faults committed by his Souldiers he would never be wrought to it eyther by gifts or threatnings or by any other devises such as vulgar spirits vse to be troubled withall did therefore in his owne judgement account it his better course to giue way vnto envie being in possibilitie one day to see both times and men favourably disposed towards him who turning with the times might be changed to repentance Others suspected him to be weighed downe with great promises and to haue that way fallen off from the Emperour There were some that said that even by the skill of some in the Starres wherein besides others he made vse of Kepler a great Master and by the Chaldeans art was fore-signified his times and fates to be come and that they gaue him this Counsell Others to conclude beleeved him to be forced vnto it by necessitie and that by the cunning even of Caesar himselfe he was fetcht over and quit that way of his great forces and that his vaine heart out of a hope and desire of warres with France and the glory of a new prey was thus suddenly taken off from his mightie Army and that he now remaind at Memmingen a prisoner as it were But what ever the matter was a very great thing it is and neere vnto a prodigie first that Caesar condescended vnto the Electors and secondly that Walenstein so soone yeelded vnto the Emperour Another thing there is which the Electors now obteined namely that those innumerable numbers should be lessened and the greatest part of the Souldiers disbanded Then Caesar promised also that there should be no warres made vpon any without the consent of the Princes And that no Impositions should hereafter be layd at the pleasure of the Generall of the Army but in the Land-dayes of the severall * The whole Empire is divided into ten Circles or Provinces each of which besides their ●●verall Princes hath a President and 〈◊〉 Coun●●ll●rs to assist 〈◊〉 who call 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 or Land-dayes to 〈◊〉 for the publike All the Princes of the same Cir●le be of one League Circles as they call them Beyond all this the desires both of Caesar the Electors and of the French Ambassador conspired in one consort to make vp a Peace so vnwelcome and hated of the Spaniard seeing that by it sure order was taken first for re-estating of the Duke de Nivers in the possession of Mantua and Montferat secondly that the Germane Troopes should be recalled out of Italy and lastly that the passages of the mountaines in the Grisons * The Valte●●● Countrey should be layd open as before None of which Lawes verily are of that nature that for the obteining of them there was any neede to disturbe the quiet of so many Nations to expend such vast treasures and to shed the bloud of so many thousands The Treatie with the English Ambassador and the Prince Palatines Procurator although it came to no head yet thereby way was obteined for Prince Frederike to finde Grace and that those parts of his Dominions which are in the Spaniards hands are now to be quitted vnto him and he hath the libertie yet left him to fulfill the Conditions offered him at Mulhausen And thus which God turne to a good end doe we owe vnto Gustavus Adolphus King of Sweden Goths and Vandalls that we are not vtterly despoyled of our Armes nor too streightly curbed by the Electors nor finally made the tenants of the Clergie For when as in the heate of these contentions yet continuing newes was brought both that the Baron of Dhona was come away from Dantzik without any hope of a Peace and that the King of Sweden had already landed an Armie in Pomerlandt made himselfe Master of Stetin and at the same time put the Imperialists to flight Caesar supposing that to be an occasion to be made vse of affirmed that his despising of the Majesty of the Germane Empire ought to be revenged vpon him and that that error was to be rectified by vertue which they had run into * In the time spent in the Treatie of Peace which had better bin employed in sending an Army to withstand his so neare approaching by delaying These Propositions of Casars were not a little helped forward by a private feare of the Catholikes which was least that not Gustavus alone a Prince but of small power did thus stirre vp the massie weight of so great a warre but that there were more of the Protestants who out of a hatred to the present estate of things and a desire of innovation and those perchance forreigne Princes too should be deeply in the plot with him These Catholike Princes therefore thus drawne vnto it not so much out of their loue vnto the Emperour as out of their owne feares agreed to the warres and aydes against him In the meane time which thing was cunningly and closely conveighed and whereof there had beene no mention made among any of the heads of the Consultation was the designe for the Election and Crowning of the King of the Romanes mainly intended and that by most cunning sollicitations and the earnestest of their devises Egenberg * The Emperours Counseller a man continually troubled with the Gowt for which he seldome vsed to come out of his bed gaue particular Visites vnto the foure Electors present and vnto the Ambassadors of the Duke of Saxony and the Marquesse of Brandenburgh at their severall lodgings finely insinuating vnto them how that the Emperour now well in yeares was even weary of paines taking and was a man subject to many diseases besides that his affection was very good towards the Common-wealth which he was now able to doe no greater service for then to settle in it a good Successor He put them in minde now and then of the miseries of an Inter-regnum intimated vnto them the high deservings of the house of Austria wonderfully setting out the towardly hopefulnesse of King * The Emperours Sonne King of Hungarta whom the Emperour would fayne now haue procured to haue beene chosen King of the Romans which is as much as Heyre apparant to the Empire Ferdinand To the same purpose for that the Ambassadours of the two absent Electors excused themselues as having no instructions or Commission to treate vpon that poynt were there Letters dispatched vnto the Electors themselues yea the Electors good will was so little doubted of that a certaine Physician of the Emperours Court and he none of the obscurest as having a speciall veyne in Poetry in a set Poeme which was printed at Norimberg congratulated the Father for the Crowne set vpon his sonne Ferdinand the third his head none almost contradicting it Vnto which intimation of

THE SWEDISH INTELLIGENCER The first part WHEREIN OVT OF THE TRVEST And choysest Informations are the famous Actions of that warlike Prince Historically led along from his Majesties first entring into the EMPIRE vntill his great Victory over the Generall TILLY at the Battell of Leipsich The times and places of every Action being so sufficiently observed and described that the Reader may finde both Truth and Reason in it LONDON Printed for Nath Butter and Nicolas Bourne 1632. ¶ The Contents and Methode of the whole I. A Discourse vpon the Dyet of Ratisbone which Dyet bred the Discontents of the Protestants and enforced them to the Conclusions of Leipsich II. The Dyet of the Protestant Princes of Leipsich and their Resolutions and Actions vpon it Historically led along vnto the day of their joyning with the King of Sweden III. A briefe Chronicle of the King of Swedens Actions from his first landing in Germany vntill his great Victory over Tilly. IIII. The Proceedings of Monsieur Tilly Generall of the Catholike League by himselfe from his first comming against the King vntill his great defeate before Leipsich ¶ THE PREFACE TO THE READER IVdicious and favourable Reader Out of our high respect vnto that Caesar and Alexander of our times that admirably victorious King of Sweden wee haue here and for thy pleasure too adventured vpon an Essay of his Story which if liked may encourage vs to continue it Not out of any confidence that ours is a Chronicle worthy enough for such heroick performances a Polibius or a Tacitus were little enough for that but our intention chiefly is to provoke some abler Pen some better instructed Intelligencer to doe it and if such a one controll or mend vs wee will not be angry If you here demaund out of what Instructions wee haue furnisht our Intelligencer be pleased to know that nothing is willingly feigned or wilfully falsified The errors that be in it are errors of ignorance all Some part of it was received from the papers of an honourable personage a Commaunder of prime credit and activitie with that victorious King Wee haue beene made to vnderstand much of these Actions by discourse with another gallant Gentleman and he also a great Commaunder in the Army Some printed High Dutch bookes wee haue had For some things we haue had private writing and from good hands too In other things we haue made vse of Gallobelgicus especially where he deales vpon publick Record and where we thought the poore man durst speake freely Some times sure he writes but by Commission and is every where sparing in reporting the Emperours losses And yet in this to take away all exception we haue followed him too notwithstanding wee by others found greater numbers and defeates specified Very good vse haue wee made of the Weekely Currantoes too which if a man of judgement reades he shall for the most part finde especially of latter times very true and very punctuall Whosoever will be cunning in the Topography of Germany and would vnderstand these warres let him not despise Currantoes All this lastly hath passed the allowance of a Gentleman of the best judgement and intelligence for these matters in the Kingdome Wee haue every where dealt candidely not magnifying the King nor derogating from his enemies not left out or put in for favour or advantage Our methode is this to handle every Story by it selfe and then to bring all together at the day of Battell Carefull haue we beene yea no small paines haue we taken to note the times and to describe the places of the most famous actions We haue examined the dates with diligēce and still had fiue Maps before vs of the same place The Imperiall Dyet of Ratisbone which was well hoped would haue mended all leaving things farre more desperate on the Protestants partie necessitated a Resolution in the Princes of that Confession rather to dye free then to liue slaues Hence their Dyet of Leipsich And because these Leaguers were at first of an Vnion by themselues we haue briefly therefore and vpon the Bye first handled their warlike preparations vntill the day of their joyning with the King The same haue we done with the Kings Story gone along with it from his Majesties first landing The Kings having of many Armies in the field at once troubled vs not a little at the first to finde with which of all these Armyes the King in person should be but wee after a while perceived that this most industrious Chieftaine was able to serve more Cures at once then one and that he was so vigilant vpon every occasion that there were few great Actions which himselfe was not at one end of Many a brave Generall he hath The Lord Oxensterne a Sweden borne and Lord Chancellor of that Kingdome Generall all this while of a particular Army in Prussia to waite vpon the Po●e and his motions The Lord Falkenburg a Germane borne and Lord Chamberlayn of his Majesties houshold vnfortunately slaine in Magdenburg The Lord Gustavus Horne a Finlander and still Generall of a particular Army by himselfe with whom the Lord Marquesse Hamilton is associated The Lord Otho Todt for brevities sake call'd Otty-todt or Todt a Swede Generall of his Majesties Horse Sir Iohn Bannier a Germane and a braue Souldier Generall of the Foote or Infantery all these you finde frequent and honorable mention of and yet hath the King himselfe beene at the most of the businesse All particular actions it had beene impossible for vs to haue toucht vpon therefore haue we endevored to relate the famousest whether Sieges Battels Marches Encampings or Removings orderly leading all along vnto the great day of battell It would haue perplexed our methode to haue mentioned every particular supply that the King hath had those therefore wee desire the Readers to imagine For example he landed but 11. Regiments or thousands of Foote at first yet within a moneth was his Army full 20000. strong which daily increased also His numbers indeede were never great he had but 5000. men for the most part and never aboue 7000. in all his late warres of Prussia against the Pole and yet with them hath he fought severall Battels beaten out or wearied out two Imperiall Armies taken in the great and strong Citie of Elbing with others and obtained his purpose finally vpon his enemy who was able at once to haue come downe with such a power of Horse vpon him as had beene sufficient to haue carryed away himselfe and fiue such Armies That which hath made his Majestie so victorious next to the assistance of Almightie God is his most exact observing of military Discipline wherein with an admirable temper he is both strict and sweete the Majestie of a King in him commanding more willing obedience from his Army then the awfull directions of a bare Generall alone possibly could Adde to his strict Discipline his many poynts of new invented Discipline peculiar vnto himselfe too long here to describe His

justice finally and his mercy his exemplary and his indefatigable industry his affabilitie and his easinesse of accesse the goodnesse of his cause and the common Libertie which his victories bring with them haue conquered more then his sword What now shall hinder this braue and princely Warriour to arriue vnto that height of reputation which Gonsalvo did in the warres of Naples whom the Historians of that age worthily stile the great Captaine yea so great a Conquerour hath the King hitherto beene that I dare challenge the skilfullest Historian to set for all particulars such another by him God blesse the King of Swedens Majestie and thoroughly enable him to be the glorious Assertor of the Germane Libertie Vale. If the Readers desire the continuance of our Relations our Intelligencer shall be much the better furnished to giue Content if they please to send vs in their owne Intelligence For that it seemes impossible for vs English to avoyde that observation of Philip de Commines That in all great actions wee are still harkning after Prophecies which the taking of some things in this kinde hath even now verified wee will therefore feede the humor of the times a little with a Prediction of a great Astronomer of our owne Nation vpon that great Conjunction of Saturne and Iupiter Iuly 18 1623. And the second a Prophecy of the famous Paulus Grebnerus his Booke now in Trinitie Colledge in Cambridge The Astronomers judgement is this That the effect of that Conjunction would be felt in the North and Northeast parts of Europe in particular and in generall over all That it would produce Famines Plagues Warres c. Places subiect to this he nameth Italy France Bohemia Silesia and Germany Of Provinces he nameth Prussia Brandenburg Stiria Hassia and Saxony Yea he descends to Cities naming Rome Prague Magdenburg Coblents betwixt Mentz and Cullen Vlmes Brunswick Ausburg c. He sayes it is likely to goe hard with the Romane Empire Clergie and Iesuites He speakes of a King of a true Religion that should doe all this and of much happinesse that should succeede it The whole Discourse will perchance shortly be imprinted PROPHETIA IN LEONEM DOMVS SAXONIAE DIV aspectavi connivi ego huic actui fidem Domui Austriacae Philippo synceram praestiti ne in victissimum Regis Philippi Belgium jamdudum ad extraneos de veniret quod mihi Hispania acceptum referre habet I am vero diutiùs sopitum quiescere quasi micare in tenebris mihi filio meo Christiano intoleranda irrecuperabilis jactura et damnum videtur Ideo arcum intendo meum jacula mitto sagittae meae ac tela fortunae filij mei Christiani etiam directè collimant metam invadentes feriunt ac disijciunt Burgundicum illum ac Austriacum Leonem vnde meum ac filij mei regnum ac dominatio amplè dilatatur Quod ego Haerésque meus faeliciter consummavimus A Prophecy of Paulus Grebnerus vpon the Lyon of the House of Saxony I Haue long lookt on and winked at the businesse and still haue I kept my faith vntainted vnto the house of Austria and to Philip that so the vnconquered * The Low-Countries and the Wallon Countries Belgium might not long agoe haue falne into the hands of Strangers and thus much Spaine owes me But for me to lye still asleepe and to be hoodwinkt as it were any longer seemes an intollerable and an irrecoverable losse and detriment vnto my selfe and my son Christianus Now therefore bend I my bow and shoot abroad my darts whereupon the arrowes and darts of mine owne fortune and Christianus my Sonne doe directly hitte the marke and smite those that invade me yea they cast downe that Burgundian and Austrian Lyon wherupon is the Kingdome and Dominion of my selfe and Sonne very amply enlarged Thus much haue I and mine heyre most happily atchieved OF THE MEETING Given by the Emperor vnto cercertaine Electors of the Empire at the Dyet of Ratisbone 1630. Acurately and truely described in a Letter by one that very well vnderstood how matters were there carryed Faithfully translated out of the Latine Printed Copie with some Marginall Notes added for cleering of the Story The Letter COncerning the passages of the Electorall Dyet truely my noble friend N N I had according to my promise dispatcht a more early advice vnto you but that vpon my returne to Ratisbone there were more dayes spent in mutuall visits and Entertainments of friends then indeed I was willing withall But having now gotten loose of this troublesome kinde of Courtesie and that the dispatch of my businesse together with the retyrednesse of the place where I now reside had afforded me some leysure I would no longer delay the discharge of that obligatiō in which I stood engaged vnto you Now after twelue yeares of most bloudy warres and almost vtter desolation brought vpon a goodly Countrey very probable surely it was that a peace would be desired on all hands and that for the full concluding thereof this very Dyet had principally beene Convoked As for the Protestants they verily had even vnto this day vndergone the hardest of all hardship being still overlaid with most heavy impositions and with the billettings of the Souldiers of the Catholike * The Catholike Princes of the Empire who haue entred into a League for the recovery of the Church lands and for the rooting out of the Protestant Religion Leaguers Yea the Catholickes themselues having had often tryall of the insolencies of the Imperiall Souldiers and of the chargeablenesse of the warre beganne now also mightily to distast the Covetousnesse of their owne partner the Duke of Bavaria Vpon this discontentment was the Palatine of * The Duke of Newburgh a yonger house of the Palsgrave who put in for the Electorate lately before turnd Papist Newburg reported to haue fallen off from the League as for the Archbishop of Saltsburg he as having no share among the other Princes in what should be conquered or recovered by the warre had for many yeares past withdrawne his Contribution The Bishop Elector of Triers also very earnestly complained of the damages received by the Spanish namely of the pillaging of his Country and the plundering of his Subjects houses yea and the Bishop * Brother to the Duke of Bavaria Elector of Colein also gaue off among the rest In this one point notwithstanding did the counsels and desires of the Protestant party differ from the Catholickes for that They out of a well meaning simplicitie desired an vtter forgetfulnesse of things passed and a right downe peace whereas These t is true seemed to be contented to lay downe Armes but not except the Church goods withheld by the Protestants might first be restored Furthermore that the Emperour was for his part heartily desirous both of the Peace and this Dyet we are in courtesie bound to beleeue it For when it was talkt on in every mans