As there will be no vain-boasting in Heaven where the Reward is the Gift of pure Bounty so there will be no righteous Complaint against God in Hell where the Punishment is inflicted by powerful Justice He that voluntarily sins by consequence chuses the Punishment due to it 5. The estimation of an Offence is taken from the disposition of him that does it When 't is done with pleasure and obstinacy there is no place for Favour Now final Impenitence alone makes Sin actually and eternally damning to the Sinner Those that notwithstanding all gracious Means live continually in Rebellion against God those that impenitently die in their Sins those that desire to live here for ever that they might enjoy their sweet Sins those that are so hardned and naturalized in their Vices that if they were revived and brought again into this World of Temptations would certainly return to the Pleasures of Sin is it not righteous that their incorrigible Obstinacy should be punish'd for ever Is it not just that those who would continue under the dominion of Sin should forfeit all their claim to the Divine Mercy For if we consider them as unrepentant and irreclaimable from their Wickedness there are in them the just provocations and true causes of God's final rejection and hatred and if we consider God as revealed in his Word and Works his essential Properties Wisdom Purity Justice necessarily work upon such Objects in such a manner How zealous an Indignation did the Son of God express against the obdurate Pharisees You Serpents you Generation of Vipers how should you escape the Damnation of Hell They in despite of all his Miracles the equal Expressions of his Goodness and Power resisted his Authority blasphemed his Person and slighted his Salvation Now though other Sins are of an inferiour Nature and weaker Evidence yet Obstinacy added to them makes a Person unworthy and uncapable of Mercy From hence the Misery of the Damned is without Redemption without Hope without Allay for ever II. I shall now proceed to consider the Evidence of the Facts that is produc'd as the Reason of that Judgment The temper of Divine Justice is very observable in the particular Judgments recorded in Scripture In the first process of Justice on Earth we read that God made the enquiry of Adam Hast thou eaten of the Tree whereof I commanded thee that thou shouldst not eat and by palpable Evidence convinc'd him before he condemn'd him Thus before the fiery Vengeance upon the wicked Cities the Memory of which will never be extinguish'd The Lord said to Abraham Because the Cry of Sodom and Gomorrah is great and because their Sin is grievous I will go down now and see whether they have done according to the Cry of it that is come up unto me viz. whether they were so numerously and excessively wicked if not I will know God is pleased to incarnate himself in Man's Expression to declare more sensibly to us that he never punishes with precipitation but after an equal trial of the Cause Thus we read of that profane King of Babylon Belshazzar That he was weighed in the Ballance and found wanting before he was sentenc'd to be deprived of his Kingdom and Life And the Destruction of the Antichristian State is attended with solemn Hallelujahs for the Righteousness of that Judgment And in the last Day the Righteousness of God's Proceedings shall be universally manifest and magnified 'T is therefore called the Day of the Revelation of the righteous Judgment of God Now in order to this the Scripture informs us that all the Works of Men shall be brought into Judgment even every secret thing whether good or evil And the Apostle saith That we must all appear before the Judgment-Seat of Christ that every one may receive the things done in his Body according to that he hath done whether it be good or bad All Sins whether secret or openly visible shall be accounted for Those Sins that have been acted in the most secret Retirement so that no Eye of Man could take cognizance of them Sins concealed from the Eye of the Day the Light of the Sun and from the Eye of the Night the Light of a Candle shall then be made manifest Nay the Sins of the Thoughts and Affections of which Satan could not accuse Men when the inward Fire of Lust or Malice is not discovered by the least smoak or sparkles by no expressions all those shall be brought to Judgment God will judg the Secrets of Men by Jesus Christ. The Sins of Omission of our Duty that are so numerous from carelessness and diversions from slothfulness and delays and that now so little affect us for we are more sensible of what we do than of what we have not done the guilt of all these shall then be heavily charged on the Conscience of the Sinner I was an hungry and you gave me no Meat I was thirsty and you gave me no Drink was the Accusation of the Reprobates from the Judg himself To him who knoweth to do Good and doth it not to him it is a Sin The neglect of improving all the Means Advantages and Opportunities of doing or receiving Good will be a great part of that Judgment The Lord called his Servants to an account for the Talents committed to their Trust and required Profit in proportion to their Number and Worth All Sins of Commission in Youth and Age whether gross Sensuality as Lasciviousness Lusts excess of Wine Revellings Banquetings and abominable Idolatries and all excess of Riot shall be accounted for to him who is ready to judg the quick and the dead or Acts of Unrighteousness to others He that doth wrong shall receive according to the Wrong he has done And Sins of a lesser guilt for which the most are not touch'd with grief or shame shall then be produc'd in Judgment All the Sins of our Words so easily committed and not so easily observed shall then be call'd to a heavy remembrance The Judg himself tells us I say unto you that every idle Word that Men shall speak they shall give account thereof in the Day of Judgment And if vain Words the Signs and immediate Effects of a vain Mind shall sadly encrease our Accounts how much more all the contentious fierce and revengeful Words the detracting false contumelious and injurious Words the impure filthy and contagious Words the prophane blasphemous and impious Words that slow from the evil Treasure of the Heart O their dreadful Number and oppressing Weight And all the Aggravations and Circumstances of Mens Sins that raise their Guilt to such fearful heights shall be enumerated in order to Judgment For thus 't was foretold Behold the Lord comes with ten thousand of his Saints to execute Judgment upon all and to convince all that are ungodly among them of all their ungodly Deeds which they have ungodly committed and all their hard Speeches
and as destructive to set our chief Love and Joy that is only due to God upon the Creature And what follows in the Prophet is justly applicable to such Persons He feedeth on Ashes that not only afford no nourishment but is very hurtful to the Body a deceived Heart has turn'd him aside that he cannot deliver his Soul nor say Is there not a Lie in my right Hand Thus Carnal Men are so blinded with their Affections to these short-liv'd Pleasures that they cannot take the true liberty of judging and reflecting that they are deceived and delighted with empty Shadows that will suddenly end in disappointment and sorrow Briefly these glittering Fictions and false Joys cannot please without an Error in the Mind that shall last but a little while And if you saw a distracted Person sing and dance with a conceit that he is a Prince would you be willing to lose sober Reason for his phantastick Pleasure especially if you knew that his chearful Fit should suddenly change into a mournful or raging Madness for ever But the Blessedness above is unchangeable as God the Author and Object of it Eternal as the Soul that enjoys it And shall the World that passes away with the Lusts thereof turn our Affections from the undefiled immortal Inheritance Shall the vanishing appearance the fleeting Figure of Happiness be preferred before what is substantial and durable If a spark of true Reason of sincere Love to our Souls be left we shall count all things but dross and dung that we may gain the Kingdom of Glory Thus Eternity inlightens thus it counsels us To encourage us to seek the Kingdom of Heaven I shall propound other Motives to Consideration 1. God is very willing that Men should be saved and partake of his Glory For this end he has brought Life and Immortality to light in the Gospel The Lord Jesus the Sun of Righteousness has dispel'd the darkness of the Gentiles and the shadows of the Jews and rendred the blessed and eternal State so clear and so visible that every Eye may see it Our assurance of it is upon infallible Principles And though the excellent Glory of it is inexpressible yet 't is represented under variety of fair and lovely Types to invite our Affections Besides God makes an earnest offer of Life to us in his Word he Commands Counsels Excites Urges nay Intreats and Beseeches with infinite Tenderness that Men will accept of it Thus the Apostle declares Now then wa are Embassadors for Christ as though God did beseech you by us we pray you in Christ's stead be reconciled to God Is it not evident then beyond the most jealous suspicion God is desirous of our Happiness Can we imagine any design any insincerity in his Words Why should Heaven court a Worm 'T is his love to Souls that expresses it self in that condescending compassionate manner to melt and overcome the perverse and hardned in Sin And as his Words so his Works are a convincing Argument of his Will His most gracious sustaining and supporting of sinful Men his innumerable Benefits conferr'd upon them in the provision of Good and preservation from Evil are for this End that by the conduct of his merciful Providence they may be led to Repentance and received into his Favour And the temporal Judgments inflicted on Sinners are medicinal in their Nature and in his design to bring them to a sight and abhorrence of Sin to prevent their final ruin if they prove mortal to any 't is from their obstinate Corruption The time allowed to those who are obnoxious to his Justice every hour is not a meer reprieve from Torment but a space of Repentance to sue out a Pardon They are spared in order to Salvation The Lord is long-suffering to usward not willing that any should perish but that all should come to Repentance But above all his other Works the giving of his Son to be a Sacrifice for Sin is an incomparable demonstration how much he delights in the Salvation of Men. Since God has been at such cost to put them into a capacity of obtaining the Kingdom of unchangeable Glory far transcending the earthly Paradise that was forfeited by Sin we have the strongest assurance that he desires their Felicity And how guilty and miserable will those Sinners be that when Christ has opened Heaven to us by his Blood refuse to enter into it When Brutus the most noble Roman propounded to a Philosopher his design to restore Rome to Liberty he replied That the action would be glorious indeed but that so many servile Spirits that tamely stoopt under Tyranny were not worthy that a Man of Vertue and Courage should hazard himself to recover that for them which they did so lightly esteem The Redemption of Mankind is without controversy the Master-piece of God's works wherein his principal Attributes appear in their excellent Glory But how astonishing is the unworthiness of Men who wretchedly neglect Salvation which the Son of God purchased by a Life full of Sorrows and a Death of infinite Sufferings Blessed Redeemer may it be spoken with the humble affectionate and thankful sense of thy dying Love why didst thou give thy self a ransom for those who are charm'd with their Misery and with the most foul Ingratitude disvalue so precious a Redemption How justly shall they be for ever deprived of it Behold ye despisers and wonder and perish 2. Consider this glorious Blessedness shall be the Portion of all that unfeignedly choose it and earnestly seek it This motive was inclosed in the first but deserves a separate Consideration And of this we have infallible assurance from the Word of God who cannot lie Godliness has the Promise of the Life to come This is a faithful saying and worthy of all acceptation The hope of a Christian is so certain that 't is compar'd to an Anchor fastned in Heaven And besides the Fidelity of his Word God has given us Security of the Reward the Life of his Son This methinks should turn the Current of our Desires and Endeavours to Heaven For notwithstanding all our toil and sweat the labour of the Day and the watchings of the Night for the obtaining earthly things yet we many times fall short of our aims and hopes 'T was the observation of the wisest Man I returned and saw under the Sun that the Race is not to the Swift nor the Battel to the Strong neither yet Bread to the Wise nor yet Riches to Men of Vnderstanding nor yet Favour to Men of Skill but Time and Chance happeneth to all Indeed such is the order of Divine Providence in the World there must be different conditions of Men here some Rich others Poor some Noble others Mean some in Command others in Subjection And from hence it is also evident that neither Dignity nor Riches nor Pleasures are the Happiness of Man For 't is not becoming the Wisdom and Goodness of God to make that the last end of the
with ten thousand of his Saints to execute Judgment upon all Solomon under the Law repeats this Doctrine that every secret thing shall be brought into Judgment whether good or evil And God himself speaks in the sublimest stile of Majesty and swears by himself for our firmer belief As I live saith the Lord very Knee shall bow to me and every Tongue confess to God the glory of his Justice From whence the Apostle infers So then every one of us shall give an account to God for himself In the Gospel we have distinctly described the Person of the Judg the glorious Attendants of his Coming and the manner of his proceedings in that Day Now the many Predictions in Scripture so visibly accomplish'd in the Person of Jesus Christ and by him give infallible assurance that all his Promises and Threatnings are equally certain and shall be fulfilled As sure as our Saviour is come in his humble state and has accomplish'd the Prophecies of his Sufferings he will come in his Glory to judg the World Secondly That the belief of eternal Judgment may be powerful in our hearts and lives it must be actuated by frequent and serious thoughts Faith gives life and efficacy to our notions of eternal things and Consideration makes our Faith effectual As the natural Life is preserved by the activity of the vital Principles the Circulation of the Blood the drawing of the Breath the motion of the Pulse so the spiritual Life is maintained by the exercise of Grace The carnal Affections dare not appear before Reason and Conscience when awakened by the serious believing Consideration of eternal Judgment The Evangelists relate that when our Saviour was asleep in the Ship a sudden Tempest arose that was likely to over-set it in the Sea but awakened by the cry of his Disciples Lord save us we perish he presently rebuked the Wind and a Calm ensued Thus whilst the habit of Faith is asleep in the Soul there will be great danger from the concurrent violence of Temptations and Corruptions but when 't is awakened by lively and powerful thoughts it does Miracles in subduing the strongest Lusts. 'T is monstrous and beyond all belief did not sensible Experience make it evident that notwithstanding the minds of Men are convinc'd of the certainty of the Divine Judgment and the Recompences that immediatly follow yet their Wills remain unconverted and their Affections cold and unactive in their preparations for it That such numbers who have so much Christianity as to believe that an irrevocable Doom will pass upon the Wicked and so little Christianity that they cannot justly hope to escape from it yet are so careless of their Duty nay joyful in their sinful courses as if Judgment were a dreadless thing What is the cause of this prodigious security 'T is the neglect of considering that we must all appear before the Judgment-Seat of Christ to receive according to the things done in the body whether good or evil The next Cause of this stupidity is that they put the Evil Day at a remote distance as the Scorners said the Vision is for many Days They study to be secure and delay their preparations presuming to have time enough before them Their Senses and Faculties are so imployed abroad in the World they have neither leisure nor desire to think seriously of it Their Hearts are so ravish'd with Dreams of Sensuality and engaged in terrene Affairs that they are very averse from exercising their minds upon such displeasing Objects Vain Men how willingly do they deceive themselves The Judg himself declares Behold I come quickly His Throne is like a fiery Flame and his Wheels as burning Fire an Emblem of his swift coming to judgment Can they be assur'd of Life one Hour The Day of Death is equivalent to the Day of Judgment for immediately after there is a final decision of Mens states for ever I have read of an excellent Preacher that in a Sermon described the last Judgment in all its Terrors with such ardent Expressions and those animated with such an affecting Voice such an inflamed Countenance and Action that his Hearers broke forth into passionate Cries as if the Judg himself had been present to pass the final Sentence upon them In the heighth of their Commotion the Preacher bid them stop their Tears and Passions for he had one thing more to add the most afflicting and astonishing Consideration of all the rest That within less than a quarter of an hour the Memory and regard of that which so transported them would vanish and their Affections return to carnal Objects in their usual manner The neglect of Consideration makes even the Doctrine of Judgment to come to be without efficacy 'T is necessary therefore that the belief of this be so firmly seated in the Heart as its Throne that it may command the thoughts to be very attentive to it and may have Regal Power over our Wills and Affections that our Lives may be ordered according to its Rules 2. The Consideration of Eternal Judgment will vindicate the Proceedings of Divine Providence and the honour of God's governing this World from the imputations of Unrighteousness God is provoked every day yet spares the Wicked and heaps an abundance of Favours on them His Patience and Goodness they prophanely abuse and become more obdurate and inflexible They are apt to blaspheme the Excellency of his Nature in their Hearts thinking that he is ignorant or careless impotent or unjust They implicitly deny his Providence and Judgment that he does not observe their Sins and will not require an account for them Or else they interpret his Permission to be an Approbation of their Sins These things hast thou done and I kept silence thou thoughtest I was such an one as thy self Thus the Heathens transplanted the Vices of Earth to Heaven and represented their Gods to be sensual jealous furious as Men and accordingly expected an easy Absolution for their Sins Or else the distance of Judgment to come so hardens them that they hear God's Thunder with less fear than Boys do their Squibs and Crackers Because Sentence against an evil Work is not speedily executed therefore the hearts of the Sons of Men are fully set in them to do evil But how desperate is the madness of Sinners God now seems to wink at their Sins but hath appointed a day of Accounts He suffers them to live in prosperity but they are reserved to the day of Judgment to be punish'd and possibly sooner for sometimes they are cut off by visible Vengeance to convince the World that the supream Judg does not bear the Sword in vain But though 't is delayed for a time yet he declares that their Sins are laid up in store with him and sealed up among his Treasures To him belongs Vengeance and Recompence He is a mild Judge now and his Clemency suspends their Punishment but Justice will not
twinkling of an Eye be changed that they may be qualified for it Now herein the Wisdom of God is wonderful that Death which by the Covenant of Works was the deserved Penalty of Sin by the Covenant of Grace should be the Instrument of Immortality That as Joseph by a surprising Circuit was brought from the Prison to the Principality so a Believer by the Grave ascends to Heaven This the Apostle in his Divine Disputation against Infidels proves in a most convincing manner Thou Fool that which thou sowest is not quickned except it die As the rotting of the Corn in the Earth is necessary to the reviving and springing of it up so we must die and the Image of the Earthly Adam be abolish'd that we may be transformed into the Image of the Heavenly One And to the other part of the Question Why the Saints remain in the state of Death for a time there is a clear Answer The Resurrection of the Saints is delayed till Christ's coming to Judgment partly for the Glory of his Appearance For what an admirable Sight will it be that the Saints of all Ages shall at once arise glorified and immortalized to attend upon our Saviour in the last Act of his Regal Office and then to make a triumphant Entry with him into Heaven And partly that the establish'd order of Providence may not be disturbed for the changing of our Nature into Glory in a suddain and inexplicable manner cannot be without miraculous Power and if every Believer presently after Death were in his glorified Body translated to Heaven the World would be always filled with Miracles which were to cease after the sufficient Confirmation of the Gospel by them But how long soever the Interval be to the Resurrection it shall be with them that sleep in Jesus as 't is with those that awake out of a quiet natural Sleep to whom the longest Night seems but as a Moment so when the Saints first awake from Death in the great Morning of the World a thousand Years will seem no more to them than to God himself but as one day I now come to prove the third thing That our Saviour will abolish the Dominion of Death over the Saints Whilst the Bodies of the Saints remain in the Grave they seem to be absolutely under the Power of Death The World is a Golgotha fill'd with the Monuments of its Victories And it may be said to this our last Enemy in the Words of the Prophet to the bloody King Hast thou killed and taken Possession But we are assur'd by an infallible Word that the Power of Death shall be abolish'd and the Bodies of the Saints be reviv'd incorruptible and immortal The Resurrection is a Terra incognita to the wisest Heathens a Doctrine peculiar to the Gospel some Glimmerings they had of the Soul's Immortality without which all Vertue had been extinguish'd in the World but no conjecture of the reviving of the Body But Reason assists Faith in this point both as to the Will of God and his Power for the performing it I will glance upon the natural Reasons that induce the considering Mind to receive this Doctrine and more largely shew how the Resurrection of the Just is assured by our Redeemer 1. The Divine Laws are the Rule of Duty to the entire Man and not to the Soul only and they are obeyed or violated by the Soul and Body in Conjunction Therefore there must be a Resurrection of the Body that the entire Person may be capable of Recompences in Judgment The Soul designs the Body executes the Senses are the open Ports to admit Temptations Carnal Affections deprave the Soul corrupt the Mind and mislead it The Love of Sin is founded in bono jucundo in sensible Pleasures and the Members are the Servants of Iniquity The Heart is the Fountain of Prophaneness and the Tongue expresses it And the Body is obsequious to the Holy Soul in doing or suffering for God and denies its sensual Appetites and Satisfactions in Compliance with Reason and Grace The Members are the Instruments of Righteousness It follows then there will be an universal Resurrection that the rewarding Goodness of God may appear in making the Bodies of his Servants gloriously happy with their Souls and their Souls compleatly happy in Union with their Bodies to which they have a natural Inclination and his revenging Justice be manifest in punishing the Bodies of the Wicked with eternal Torments answerable to their Guilt And of the Possibility of the Resurrection the circular and continual Production of things in the World is a clear Demonstration of the Power of God for that effect There is a pregnant Instance that our Saviour and the Apostle made use of as an Image of the Resurrection A Grain of Corn sowed in the Earth corrupts and dies and after springs up entire its Death is a disposition to Life The Essays of God's Power in the Works of returning Nature Flowers and Fruits in their season instruct us how easily he can make those that are in the Dust to awake to Life If the Art of Man whose Power and Skill are very narrow and limited can refine Gold and Silver to such a Luster as if their matter were not Earth digged out of the Mines If from black Cinders it can form Chrystal Glasses so clear and shining how much more can Omnipotency recompact our Dust and reanimate it with a glorious Life Death that dissolves our vital Frame does not abolish the matter of our Bodies and though 't is corrupted and changed by a thousand accidents yet 't is unperishing and under whatsoever Colours and Figures it appears God perfectly discerns and will separate it for its proper use More particularly I will shew how the Resurrection of Christ is an assurance of the Resurrection of Believers to Glory As our Surety he was under the arrest of Death it becoming the holy Majesty of God and conducing to the ends of his Government not to derogate from the dignity of his Law but to lay the penalty upon his Son who interposed for us Now having finish'd the Work of our Redemption by his Sufferings his Resurrection was the just consequent of his Passion And 't is observable that his Resurrection tho one entire Act is ascribed as to himself so to his Father by whose consent and concurrence he rose again Therefore 't is said Whom God raised up having loosed the Pains of Death since it was impossible he should be holden by it 'T was naturally impossible upon the account of the Divine Power inherent in his Person and legally impossible because Divine Justice required that he should be raised to Life partly to vindicate his Innocence for he was reputed and suffered as a Malefactor and principally because he had fully satisfied God Accordingly the Apostle declares he died for our Sins and rose again for our Justification Having paid our Debt he was releas'd from the Grave and the Discharge was
which ungodly Sinners have spoken against him And all the good Works of the Saints shall then be remembred even to the least work of Piety the giving of two Mites to the Treasury of the Temple and the least work of Charity the giving a Cup of cold Water to a Disciple upon the account of his relation unto Christ. All their secret Graces and Duties shall then be rewarded The manner of this Judicial Evidence is set forth to us in Scripture by the opening the Books congruously to proceedings in humane Judgement wherein the Information and Charge is produc'd from Writings for the conviction of the Accused Thus it was represented to St. John in a Vision I saw the Dead small and great stand before God and the Books were opened and the Dead were judged out of the things that were written in the Books according to their Works 1. The Books of the Law and Gospel shall then be open'd in all the Injunctions and Prohibitions and our Lives compar'd with them Our Saviour told the Jews Do not think that I will accuse you to my Father there is one that accuseth you even Moses in whom you trust not the Person but the Law of Moses And he denounced against those that reject the Gospel the Word that I have spoken the same shall judg them in the last Day The Law is the exact Transcript of God's Sacred Will the natural and immutable Rule of Righteousness 't is pure forbids all Sin and enjoins universal Holiness 't is spiritual requires not only a conformity in Words and Actions but inward Sanctity in Mind and Heart for the Soul is the principal part of Man entirely open to God's Eye the Maker and Judg of it And the most enlightned Saints have but an imperfect knowledg of it here This made holy David after his meditation upon its Purity and Perfection to cry out in an Agony Who can understand his Errors cleanse thou me from secret Sins This when opened in its spiritual and comprehensive Nature by a wise and zealous Preacher darts a Light into the Conscience and discovers many secret Sins that like so many Serpents were still and quiet in the dark but upon the sudden breaking in of the Light fly upon the Sinner and torment him with their mortal Stings But when the Law-giver himself shall expound the Law in its full extent and perfection with respect to all the Duties it commands and Sins it forbids how guilty will Men appear how unable to answer one Article of a thousand charg'd upon them 2. The Omniscience of God will give most convincing Evidence of all our Works All things are naked and open to his Eyes with whom we have to do in Judgment The Psalmist declares the infinite perspicacity of his sight The Darkness hides not from thee but the Night shines as the Day As his Light and transcendent Brightness is invisible to us so our thickest Darkness is visible to him We cannot see things in the Night because it hinders the reception of the Rays that insinuate into the Eye and causes sight but the Eyes of our Judg are like a flame of Fire dispelling all Darkness From his Throne in Heaven his piercing Eye sees thro' all the concealments of Mens Sins Thou hast set our Iniquities before thee and our secret Sins in the Light of thy Countenance He discovered the Sacriledg of Achan the Lie of Gehazi the Deceit of Ananias Saul's Disobedience in sparing the Amalekites devoted to Destruction had the colourable pretence of Piety and as a Sacrifice was laid on the Altar And David's Murder of Vriah was imputed to the chance of War as a sufficient excuse But though they might have deceiv'd others they could not deceive God He is intimately present with the Souls of Men that are unsearchable to the most discerning Angels of Light and knows all their most secret Designs and Desires the deepest Seeds of their Actions He alone has exact Scales to weigh the Spirits of Men all the Principles Aims and Affections that are inseparable from their Works The Pharisees in whom Pride was the first Property and Hypocrisy a second Nature could not with all their Saintly shews impose on our Saviour for he knew what was in Man He discovered their Alms to be not the effect of Charity but Ostentation and their specious Acts of Devotion to be a train to surprize some rich Prey And this Divine knowledg of Men and their Actions is in order to Judgment Thus the wise King declares Doth not he that ponders the Heart consider it and he that keepeth thy Soul doth not he know it And shall not he render to every Man according to his Works And God himself testifies I the Lord search the Heart even to give to every Man according to his Works For this reason he is said to keep a Register of Mens Sins Thus he speaks of the impure Idolatries of the Jews Behold it is written before me to signify his exact and actual knowledg I will not keep silence but will recompense even recompense into their Bosoms And at the Day of Judgment he will declare his Knowledg of their Sins before all and the most secret shall be made evident as if written in their Foreheads in the most plain and legible Characters And all the Goodness of the Saints shall then be revealed by the Judg. Their greatest Excellencies are invisible to the Eyes of Men the Sanctity of their Aims and Affections which gives Life and Value to all the Acts of Obedience their secret Duties wherein the sincerity and ardency of their Souls is most express'd are only known to God And such is the excellent humility of the Saints that the more they are enrich'd and abound with the gracious Influences of the Spirit the less they discover to the World as the Celestial Bodies when in nearest conjunction with the Sun and most fill'd with his Light are least in appearance to the Inhabitants of the Earth But there is a Book of Remembrance before him for them that feared the Lord and thought upon his Name And they shall be mine saith the Lord of Hosts in the Day when I make up my Jewels and I will spare them as a Man spares his Son that serves him 3. The Conscience of every Man shall then be open'd and give an accusing or excusing Testimony of all things for these Acts of Conscience in the present Life have a final respect to God's Tribunal And though the Accounts are so vast there shall be an exact Agreement between the Books of God's Omniscience and of Conscience in the Day of Judgment Now indeed the Conscience of Man though never so inquisitive and diligent in examining and revising his Ways is unable to take a just account of his Sins As one that would tell the first appearing Stars in the Evening before he can reckon
them others appear and confound his Memory with their number so when Conscience is seriously intent in reflecting upon it self before it can reckon up the Sins committed against one Command innumerable others appear This made the Psalmist upon the survey of his Actions break forth in amazement and perplexity Mine Iniquities are more than the Hairs upon my Head therefore my Heart fails me But it will be one of the Miracles of that Day to enlarge the view of Conscience to all their Sins Now the Records of Conscience are often obliterated and the Sins written therein are forgotten but then they shall appear in so clear an impression that the Wicked shall be inexcusable to themselves and Conscience subscribes their Condemnation And O the formidable Spectacle when Conscience enlightned by a Beam from Heaven shall present to a Sinner in one view the Sins of his whole Life Now Conscience is a Notary in every Man's Bosom and though 't is not always vocal yet writes down their Actions The Sin of Judah is written with a Pen of Iron and with a point of a Diamond 't is graven upon the Tables of the Heart But then it shall be compell'd to give a full Charge against the Guilty Of this we have an infallible Presage in this World when Conscience turns the Point against the Breast of a Sinner and enforces the Tongue by a secret instigation to accuse the Person And this Information of Conscience at the last will make the Sinner speechless for the Book of Accounts with Divine Justice was always in his own keeping and whatever is recorded there was written with his own Hand And how will those hardned Sinners that now kick against the Pricks of Conscience be able to repel its strong and quick Accusations before that terrible Tribunal 4. Other numerous Witnesses will appear to finish the process of that Day Not as if God that knows all things wants Information but for the publick Conviction of the Wicked Satan will then bring in a bloody Charge against them Such is his Malignity that he is a Complainer of God to Man and by calumniating the Blessed Creator seduc'd our first Parents and he is the Accuser of Men to God He is stiled the Accuser of the Brethren before God day and night Sometimes falsly as when he taxed Job that his Piety was mercenary and often truly to provoke the Divine Displeasure But though his Charge be just against them as Sinners yet as Penitent Sinners they are absolved by the Judg upon the Throne of Grace This we have represented to the Prophet Zechary Joshua the High Priest a Type of the Church standing before the Angel of the Lord and Satan standing at his right hand to accuse him for that was the place of Accusers But Christ the Blessed Reconciler interposed And the Lord said to Satan The Lord rebuke thee O Satan even the Lord that hath chosen Jerusalem rebuke thee But he will principally act the part of an Accuser at the last Judgment This is intimated in that fearful Imprecation Let Satan stand at his right hand when he is judged let him be condemned He is now an active watchful Spirit whose Diligence is equal to his Malice and by glittering Snares or violent Temptations draws Men to Sin But then he will be their most bitter Accuser not from zeal of Justice but pure Malignity Then he will aggravate their Crimes by the most killing Circumstances though in accusing them he endites himself their Sins being usually done by his sollicitations And the Wicked themselves will accuse one another In this World Fellow-sinners usually conceal one anothers Wickedness restrain'd by their own obnoxiousness But then all that have been jointly engaged in the commission of Sin will impeach each other The voluptuous Sinners that have excited one another to Lust or Luxury Come let us take our fill of Love till the Morning Come I will fetch Wine and we will fill our selves with strong Drink for to morrow shall be as to day and much more abundant All the charming Companions and Associates will with fierceness charge one another And the malicious cruel Sinners that say Come let us lay wait for Blood let us swallow them up quick as the Grave will then like enraged Furies fly upon one another In all Sins of Combination the inferiour Instruments will accuse their Directors for their pernicious Counsel and the Directors will accuse the Instruments for their wicked Compliance And all the holy Servants of God who by their Instructions Counsels Admonitions Examples have endeavoured to make the World better especially those who by their Place and Relation were more concerned and more zealously and compassionately urged and perswaded those under their Care to reform their Lives and save their Souls will give a heavy Testimony against them Indeed the very Presence of the Saints will upbraid the Wicked for their resisting all the warming melting Intreaties all the grave and serious Reproofs all the tender earnest Expostulations that were ineffectual by the hardness of their Hearts Briefly the Scripture attributes to the Signs and Circumstances of Mens Sins a vocal Evidence against them Thus the Prophet speaking of the House built by Rapine and Extortion The Stones of the Wall cry and the Beams answer them and with concurrent Testimony accuse the unrighteous Builder And St. James declares That the Wages of the Hireling kept back by Fraud cry against the Oppressor And the Rust of Gold and Silver treasured up is a Witness against the Covetous And this by the recognition of Conscience will be a Memorial against them hereafter To what the Scripture speaks of this kind of Evidence of Mens Sins I shall add a useful Representation fram'd by a Heathen to signify that Wickedness how secretly soever committed shall be brought to light in Judgment He tells us That the Soul of a very guilty Wretch was after Death arraigned before one of the severe Judges below And at his Trial because his atrocious Crimes were done in secret he stood upon his defence denying all The Judg commanded his Lamp to be produc'd that was an Eye-witness of his Wickedness The Lamp appear'd and being demanded what it knew of him answered with a sigh Would I had been conscious of nothing for even now the remembrance of his Villanies makes me to tremble I wish my Light had been extinguished that the Oil that maintained had quench'd it But I burnt with disdain and cast about some Sparks to fire his impure Bed and was grieved that my little Flame was so weak as not to consume it I said within my self If the Sun saw these Villanies it would be eclips'd and leave the World in Darkness But I now perceive why I was constrain'd to give Light to him that being a secret Spy of his Uncleanness his Thefts and Cruelties I might reveal them But we that are enlightned by Faith and know that God is
Order establish'd in the Gospel Thus the King at the last Day speaks to the Elect Come ye Blessed of my Father inherit the Kingdom prepared for you before the Foundation of the World for I was hungry and ye fed me naked and ye clothed me And according as the Saints have excel'd in Fidelity Zeal in God's Service they shall be rewarded with a more excellent Glory The Stars of the supreme Heaven are of a different brightness and greatness as the Stars of the visible Firmament Indeed all are perfectly happy without jealousy that any is equal or superior to them in that Kingdom But God will crown his own Graces as the Saints have improved them Our Saviour valued the Widow's two Mites as transcending all the magnificent Gifts of others because of the degrees of Love in the Giver There was a richer Mine of Affection in her Heart Gold of a more noble Vein more pure and precious than all their Riches This was of greater price in God's Account who weighs the Spirits in his Ballance God will accept and reward according to what a Man has and not according to what he has not He that improves but two Talents with his best skill and diligence shall have a greater Reward than another that had ten Talents and was remiss and less careful to employ them for his Master's Profit The Rule will be exactly observed He that sows bountifully shall reap bountifully and he that sows sparingly shall reap sparingly And if God will be thus impartial in rewarding the Saints much more in punishing the Wicked For the remuneration of our Duty is the effect of his most free Favour but the recompences of Sin are due and decreed by Justice in Number Weight and Measure The severity of the Sentence will be in proportion as Mens Sins have been more numerous and heinous Although all the Damned shall be equally miserable in Despair all broken on an endless Wheel yet the degrees of their Torment are different Sins of Ignorance are extenuated in comparison of rebellious Sins against Knowledg The first are like a Servant's dashing against his Master in the dark the oother like the insolent striking of him in the light And as they incur greater Guilt will expose to greater Punishment Accordingly our Saviour predicts That the Servant which knew his Lord's Will and prepared not himself neither did according to his Will shall be beaten with many Stripes But he that knew not and did commit things worthy of Stripes shall be beaten with few Stripes Unactive Knowledg is worse than Ignorance For this reason the Case of Heathens will be more tolerable than of the Jews for though some natural Principles were strong and quick in their Minds that made them sensible of their Duty and Danger yet they were not so clear and perfect as the Law delivered by Moses Those Sins that were Infirmities in a Pagan were presumptuous in a Jew And the Case of the Jews will be more tolerable than of disobedient Christians who enjoy the Gospel less charged with Ceremonies and more abundant in Grace than the Mosaical Dispensation Those that have set before them the Life of Christ the Model of all Perfection that are excited by such loud Calls to flee from the Wrath to come and yet are deaf and regardless to the Commands nay to the melting Invitations and precious Promises of the Gospel shall have a more intolerable Judgment than the most guilty Sinners even the Sodomites and Sidonians that were Strangers to it The precious Blood of the Son of God despised induces a Crimson Guilt And as Sins are committed with Pride and Pleasure with eager Appetite and Obstinacy the revenge of Justice will be more heavy upon Persons More particularly Sins of Consesequence whereby others are drawn to Sin will heighten the Guilt and the retribution of Justice will be to every Man according to his Ways and according to the fruit of his Doings This will principally concern Superiours in eminency of Place whose Dignity has always a concomitant proportion of Duty Their vicious Actions are Examples and their Examples more powerful Rules than their Laws and give countenance to others to sin licentiously They sin with an high Hand and involve the Ruin of innumerable Persons that depend upon them As the Dragon in the Revelation whose Fall from Heaven drew a Train of lesser Stars with him And all inferiour Magistrates who by personal commission or partial connivance encourage and harden others in Sin and by their Power discountenance serious Religion and obstruct the Progress of it heap up Damnation to themselves And the Ministers of the Word who are obliged to watch for the Souls of Men and should like the Heavens by their Light Influence and Motion their Doctrine and Lives guide and quicken others in the Ways of Holiness if by their Neglect and Wickedness others are lost for ever their Account will be most heavy and undoing Of this Number are those who by their unholy Conversation weaken the Authority and Efficacy of the Word and more successfully perswade Men to do Evil than by their Preaching to do well for we are apt to take deeper impression through the Eye than thro' the Ear and to follow the Physician 's Practice rather than his Counsel These perish not alone in their Iniquity And such who are unfaithful Dispensers of the Treasures of their Lord and by loose Doctrines corrupt the Minds of Men to fancy a Mercy in God derogatory to his Holiness that although they live indulgently in Sin they may obtain an easy Pardon and Happiness at last And such who employ their high Commission for low and base Ends Those who instead of preaching Jesus Christ and him Crucified the pure and saving Truths derived from the Fountain of the Gospel entertain their Hearers with flashy Conceits and studied Vanities to give a relish to Curiosity and to have the applause of Fools and obscure the native Majesty of the Word enervate its Force and render it powerless to Conscience And those who spend their Zeal in things of no moment to Salvation and let fly bitter Invectives against those that dissent from them in unconcerning Matters by which they harden Atheistical Scorners in vilifying the Office of the Ministry as a Carnal Invention set up and used for Secular Ends and induce others to place Religion in Formalities and slight colours of it as if Conformity to needless Rites would exclude the Defects of substantial Holiness 'T is observ'd in the Chaldee Paraphrase when God was inquiring of Cain concerning Abel that he charges him The Voice of thy Brother's Blood cries unto me As if Cain were a Murderer not of a single Man only but of a numerous Race that might have descended from his Brother Thus a wicked Minister will be charg'd not only for murdering himself but as many precious Souls as might have been converted and saved if he had faithfully performed his Duty And
Parents that should instil the Principles of Godliness into their Children in their early Age and season their Minds with the knowledg of the Divine Laws to regulate their Lives and make them sensible of their Obligations to obey them that should recommend Religion to their Affections by an holy and heavenly Conversation if by the neglect of their Duty their Children are exposed as a Prey to the Tempter and ruin'd for ever it will enhance their last Reckoning and encrease the Score of their Guilts beyond expression And Masters of Families and all others that have Authority and Advantage to preserve or reform from evil those that are committed to their Care and to instruct and command them to do what is pleasing to God and profitable to their Souls will be sadly accountable for those that perish by their neglect In short we see by common Experience that Company and mutual Consent is a usual Motive to Sin and many Persons that alone would with abhorrence reject some Temptations yet are sociably sinful Now all those who by excitation or example lead others to Destruction as they are first in Sin will be chief in Punishment We read in the Parable of the rich Voluptuary that being in Hell he desired a Messenger might be dispatch'd from the Dead to warn his Brethren lest they should come to that place of Torment Is there such Charity in Hell to the Souls of others No that Furnace always burns with its proper Flames there is not a spark of that Divine Fire there But remembring how guilty he had been of their Sins feared that his Torments would be encreased by their coming thither Society in endless Sorrows does not divide but reflect them Now if Damnation for Sin be such a Misery as is express'd in the Scripture by the most violent Figures and Words of the heaviest signification if all the possible Tortures suffered here are but a Lenitive to the preparations of Wrath in Hell how miserable shall those be who as if a single Damnation were a light matter do not only commit Sin in their own Persons but are in combination with Satan to corrupt and destroy others and multiply Damnation against themselves These treasure up Wrath against the day of Wrath. Briefly The whole Process of that Day the Arraignment and Sentence will be so ordered the Righteousness and Reasonableness of the Proceedings will be so manifest as to clear the Judg and confound the Guilty God will be justified in his Sentence and overcome when he judgeth I shall now come to apply this great Doctrine 1. Let us from what has been discours'd of Judgment to come be excited to confirm our Faith in this great and useful Doctrine and by serious and frequent thoughts to apply it to our selves Some within the Church have only a superficial belief of this as a point of the Religion wherein they were educated but carnal Affections Fear Hope Love and Desire controul their Assent as to its operation upon them They believe in the general that God is the Judg and Rewarder of our Actions and in the absence of Temptation resolve to obey him but when a strong Tryal comes from some temporal Good or Evil that is present their Faith is negligent and unactive to keep them from Sin Now to make our Faith powerful we must First confirm it by convincing Arguments that it may be an undoubted Assurance a certain Light directive and perswasive in the course of our Lives Some Doctrines of Religion that are of an incomprehensible nature and should be received with silent adoration for the Authority of the Revealer are obstinately contradicted by some upon a vain pretence that nothing is to be believed that will not endure the rigorous inquisition of Reason and be comprehended by our narrow Minds but Reason though darkned sees the necessity of a future Judgment Nature and Scripture testify there is a God and that he has a Right and Power and Will to distribute the rewards of Vertue and the penalties of Vice to his Subjects To deny this is directly against the implanted Notion of the Deity in the Heart of Man There is a real difference between Moral Good and Evil not depending upon Opinion but arising from the immutable Nature of things and the eternal Law of God Otherwise considered in it self it were no more faulty to murder a Parent than to kill a Fly nor to rob a Travellor than to chase a Deer But the Conscience of the most profligate Wretch would startle at such an Assertion The disposition and admirable order of the World in its various parts and the vicissitude of Seasons declare to the observing Mind that a most wise good and powerful God governs and preserves all things by his vigorus Influence And can it be that the Divine Providence so visibly wise and good in regulating the course of Nature should be defective towards Man the most noble part of the World And can it be extended to humane Affairs if there be no other than the present state wherein the Righteous are afflicted and the Wicked prosper where Sins of the deepest stain and the lowdest cry are unpunish'd and the sublime and truly heroick Vertues are unrewarded nay where Vice receives the natural reward of Vertue Honour and Felicity and Vertue the just wages of Vice Disgrace and Sufferings 'T is necessary therefore that there be a future State and a righteous distribution of Rewards according to the good and evil of Mens Actions here The Heathens disguised this terrible Truth under the Fictions of the Infernal Judges Minos and Rhadamanthus and Eacus And the Furies and Vultures and fiery Lake which they thought tormented the Wicked in the next World discover what apprehensions they had of the desert of Sin and the punishment that certainly attended it The Guilty would fain be freed from the terrours of it and strangle Conscience that is bound over to give Testimony in the Day of Judgment that they may sin without scruples But though Fear be a troublesom and involuntary Passion they cannot totally extinguish the internal sense and presages of future Judgment but as the motions of Courage came upon Sampson at times so Conscience awakened by sharp Afflictions by sudden Dangers and the approaches of Death makes a sad deduction of past Sins and forecasts cruel things It cites the Offender before the enlightened Tribunal of Heaven scourges with remorse and makes him feel even here the strokes of Hell Tho' the Sin be secret and the guilty Person powerful not within the cognizance or reach of humane Justice yet Conscience has a Rack within and causes pain and anxiety by fearful expectations of Judgment to come And Divine Revelation is most express in declaring this great Truth The Light of Faith is more clear and certain from the infallible Word of God than the Light of Reason Before the Flood Enoch in the early Age of the World foretold it Behold the Lord cometh
in the day of Adversity But the Lord is not slack in performing his Promise as Men count slackness There is not the least reason to question his Fidelity and Power or to suspect his Love and Remembrance of his People And as the Stars of Heaven enlighten the Earth but the Candles on Earth cannot enlighten the Heavens so the Wisdom of God's Counsel and Providence should direct us patiently to expect his appointed time but our glimmering Reason cannot direct him 4. The serious belief of future Judgment is the most effectual restraint from secret Sins Men are apt to encourage themselves in evil upon the account of secrecy 't is the usual tinder of Temptations If solitude and silence if the darkness of the night or any disguises may conceal their Wickedness from humane Eyes they are bold and secure as to God The Psalmist declares what is the inward principle that acts them what is the language of their hearts All the workers of Iniquity boast themselves they say The Lord shall not see neither shall the God of Jacob regard it But O the brutish folly of Men to think that because they do not see God that he does not see them As if one should shut his Eyes in the face of the Sun and do some foul abominable thing thinking himself to be unseen because he sees no person How vain is the impure diligence of the Adulterer the crafty diligence of the Deceiver the sollicitous diligence of other Sinners to hide things from the Judge of all Shall not God search it out for he knows the very secrets of the heart What a confounding discovery will be made of secret Wickedness at the last day Here obscurity is the mask of Shame that conceals it from the World Or if only Children and Fools that are not capable to judg of the indecency and turpitude of Actions be Spectators Men are not touch'd with shame for foul things But then their Wickedness shall be displayed before God the holy Angels and Saints The actual belief of this would deprive Satan of one of his greatest Advantages and be a blessed Preservative from many Sins that allure the consent by the temptation of secrecy A considering Christian will reject them with indignation saying with Joseph How can I do this great Wickedness and sin against God The Sins undiscovered and upunish'd by temporal Tribunals shall then receive a just recompence 5. The remembrance of that strict Judgment is the most natural and powerful remedy against sensual Temptations that so easily insinuate and engage the Hearts of Men. S. Peter reckoning up the Heathens Sins Lasciviousness Lusts excess of Wine Revellings and abominable Idolatries tells the Christians that the Gentiles thought it strange that they did not run with them to the same excess of riot As the Disciples when our Saviour walk'd upon the Waters thought he had been a Spirit judging that no real Body could tread on them without sinking thus Men are apt to think it impossible to restrain their carnal appetites when allured by pleasing Objects But the belief of the Terrors of the Lord will damp the sensual Affections when most strongly enclin'd to forbidden things and extinguish delight in Sin for Delight and Fear are inconsistent Therefore the wise Preacher gives this Counsel Rejoice O young Man in thy youth and let thy Heart chear thee in the Days of thy Youth and walk in the ways of thy Heart and sight of thine Eyes but know thou for all these things God will bring thee to Judgment This will change the apprehensions of the mind and alter the taste of the appetite and make the most enticing and irresistible Lusts the objects of our greatest detestation 6. The consideration that the Son of God clothed with our Nature shall judg the World affords strong Consolation to his People and is a motive of great terror to the Wicked How comfortable is it to his People that he who loved them above his Life and was their Redeemer on the Cross shall be their Judg on the Throne He is the same Jesus Christ yesterday to day and for ever the same indulgent Saviour in the exaltation of his Glory as when under Sufferings Reproach and Shame He is described in that glorious Appearance by the conjunct Titles of his Majesty and Power The Great God and of his Compassion and Mercy Our Saviour to signify his Ability and Affection to make them happy When he comes with a heavenly Train of Angels to Judgment he will be as tender of his Servants as when he suffered for them in his humble state He that paid their Debt and seal'd their Pardon with his own Blood will certainly publish the Acquittance How is it possible he should condemn those for whom he died and who appear with the impressions of his reconciling Blood upon them How reviving is it that Christ whose Glory was the end and perfection of their Lives shall dispose their states for ever that he who esteems every act of their Charity and Kindness done to his Servants as done to himself shall dispense the blessed Reward Then the King will say to them plac'd on his right hand Come ye blessed of my Father inherit the Kingdom prepared for you from the foundation of the World O the transports of Joy to hear those words from his Life-breathing Lips The Prophet breaks forth in an Extasy How beautiful are the feet of the Messengers of Peace those that bring glad-tidings of Salvation but how much more beautiful is the face of the Author of our Peace and Salvation O how full of Serenity and Clemency and Glory The expectation of this makes them languish with impatience for his Coming Though the Preparations of that Day are so dreadful when the Sun shall be darkned and the Moon turned into Blood and the Stars fall like leaves in Autumn yet 't is stiled a Day of Refreshment to the Saints But how dreadful will his Coming in Majesty to Judgment be to the Wicked They shall see him whom they have pierced and with bitter lamentation remember the Indignities offered to him What Excuses can they alledg why they did not believe and obey the Gospel Our Saviour revealed high Mysteries but confirm'd them with great Miracles He requir'd strict Holiness but offer'd Divine Grace to enable Men to do his Will He poured forth his Spirit upon them but their Hearts were as hard as the Rocks and as barren as the Sands Then he will reproach them for their insolent Contempt of all the Perfections of his Divine Nature and the bleeding Sufferings of his Humane Nature to reconcile them to God for their undervaluing neglect of the great Salvation so dearly purchased and so freely and earnestly offered to them for their Obstinacy that the purple Streams that flow'd from his Crucified Body that all the Sorrows and Agonies of his Soul were not effectual Perswasives to make them forsake their Sins for their
preferring the Bramble to reign over them Satan the Destroyer of Souls and ungrateful rejecting the true Vine the blessed Saviour who by so many miraculous Mercies sollicited their Love and deserved their Service this will make the Sentence as just as terrible and the more terrible because just This will exasperate the Anguish that the Gospel shall be a savour of Death to them and the blessed Redeemer pronounce them cursed and dispatch them to everlasting Fire prepared for the Devil and his Angels for ever The Judgment of the Redeemer will be more heavy than that of the Creator For all the Riches of his Goodness which they despised shall be the Measure of their Guilt and Woes All the Means of Grace used for their Conversion but frustrated by their Perversness shall be charged upon their Score What Consternation will seize the Wicked when ten thousand Accusers shall rise up in Judgment against them and not one Advocate appear for their defence Satan will be ready to aggravate their Sins above his own For altho the superior Excellence of his Nature and State did heighten his Obligation and consequently his disobedience to his Creator and that he sinn'd of himself derived a Guilt upon him exceeding that of Man's original Sin who was seduced to his Ruin yet in that Justice was so quick and severe that the Angels after their Sin were immediately expell'd from their blessed Habitation no space of Repentance was allowed and no Mediator interpos'd to obtain Terms of Reconciliation with the incensed Deity their Doom was final and irrevocable but after our rebellious Sin the Son of God such was his immortal Love was willing to be mortal to redeem sinful Men and freely offer'd himself a Sacrifice to atone the divine Displeasure and a Day of Grace and Long-sufferance was granted and many compassionate Invitations were sent from Heaven to soften their stony Hearts But they neglected and despis'd the Grace of the Gospel and wilfully excluded themselves from Mercy In this respect they are more guilty than the fallen Angels and Justice will revenge the Abuse of Mercy Do they hope to soften the Judg by Submissions and Deprecations Alas he will be inflexible to all their Prayers and Tears The Lamb will be then a Lion arm'd with Terrors for their Destruction Or can they appeal to an higher Court to mitigate or reverse the Sentence No his Authority is supream and confirm'd by the immutable Oath of God Or do they think to resist the execution of the Sentence Desperate Folly The Angels notwithstanding their numbers and strength could not for a moment escape his revenging Hand The whole World of Sinners is of no more Force against his Wrath than the light Dust against a Whirlwind or dry Stubble against devouring Fire Or do they think by a stubborn Spirit to endure it Self-deceiving Wretches If the correction of his Children here tho allayed and for their amendment make their Beauty and Strength consume away as a Moth how insupportable will the Vengeance be on his obstinate Enemies Who knows the Power of his Anger Who can sound the Depths of his Displeasure 7. The Consideration of Eternal Judgment should be a powerful Incentive to prepare our selves for it The Affair is infinitely serious for it concerns our Salvation or Damnation for ever Yet the Pleasures and Business of the World fasten Men in Security and hinder the intire application of their Minds to prepare for their last Account 'T is an awful Caution of our Saviour to his Disciples Take heed lest at any time your Hearts be overcharged with Surfeiting and Drunkenness and Cares of this Life and so that Day come upon you unawares For as a Snare shall it come on all them that dwell on the face of the Earth A dissolute voluptuous course of Life is join'd with a brutish neglect of God and the Soul and the indulging the carnal Appetite though not in such enormous Excesses as the Prophane are guilty of alienates the Minds of Men from due considering their Spiritual State and lessens the preventive Fear that makes us serious and diligent to be found of God in Peace And others are so involved in secular Business that they are not at leisure to regard the one Thing necessary their Minds are so overshaded with the Cares of the present World they cannot take a right Aspect of the World to come The Flood broke in upon the old World whilst they were eating and drinking marrying and giving in marriage buying and selling and destroyed them all The last Fire will devour this World in the same wretched incogitancy and stupid neglect to prepare themselves for Judgment As it was in the Days of Noah so shall it be in the Days of the Son of Man 'T is a divine and solemn Warning Behold I come as a Thief in the Night blessed is he that watcheth and keepeth his Garments lest he be found naked without the Robe of Holiness and be expos'd to confounding shame in that Day When secure and careless Sinners shall say Peace and Safety sudden destruction will come upon them as Travel upon a Woman with Child as surprisingly as irresistibly and they shall not escape But the Wise foresee the Evil and esteem it their incomparable Interest to secure the Favour of the Supream Judg. 'T is the Inference the Apostle makes from the Certainty of our appearing before the Righteous Judg Wherefore we labour that whether present or absent in this or the next Life we may be accepted of him This was his great Design his chief Care his Duty and his Glory Never did any person more ardently aspire and ambitiously endeavour for the obtaining a Kingdom than he did to secure his own Acceptance with the Lord. In order to this I will lay down the Rules of our Acceptance in that Day and conclude the Argument First Unfained Faith in the Lord Jesus is absolutely necessary that we may be accepted This is such a belief of his all-sufficient Merits and his merciful inclination to save us that the guilty and self-condemned Sinner entirely consents to the Terms of the Gospel as well as to the Priviledges of it with a reliance upon his Merits and a resolution to obey his Precepts He is a Priest on a Throne a Prince and a Saviour and so must be acknowledged and received Upon this condition his Righteousness is freely imputed to us for our Justification unto Life without which we must perish in our Sins For 1. The best Saints are guilty and deeply obnoxious to the Law and the Judgment of God is invariably according to Truth so that appearing in their Sins they will be cast for ever God's Tribunal like that of the severe Roman Judg is Reorum Scopulus a Rock that dashes in pieces all the Guilty that come to it Therefore the Psalmist so earnestly deprecates Enter not into Judgment with thy Servant O Lord for in thy sight shall no Man living be justified And
the Apostle tho' a transcendent Saint devests himself of his own Righteousness that he may be entirely covered with the Righteousness of Christ and renounces all things that he may be found in him as his Surety in that Day of Accounts and obtain Pardon by vertue of his Satisfaction for Sin We cannot perfectly obey the Commands nor appease the Displeasure of God but the expiatory Sacrifice of Christ propitiats the Divine Justice This alone can make us stand in Judgment before the fiery Law and the fiery Tribunal and the Judg who is a consuming Fire to all the Guilty that appear in their Sins before him The Blood of the Mediator has sprinkled the Throne of God in Heaven and our Consciences being sprinkl'd with it by an unfeigned Faith we may appear before God the Judg of all with an humble confidence and enter into the Holy of Holies the Celestial Sanctuary with joy 2. Not only the pardon of our Sins but the acceptance and rewarding of our Services with eternal Glory is upon the account of our Saviour's compleat Righteousness There are defilements in the Persons and defects in the works of the Saints Their most holy and fervent Prayers are perfum'd by the Incense of his Intercession and so become grateful to God Our best Vertues are mix'd and shadowed with Imperfections but in him all Graces were conspicuous in their consummate degrees Our Obedience supposing it perfect is of no desert When we have done all we are unprofitable Servants but his Obedience was infinitely meritorious by the union of the Deity with his humane Nature and is the foundation of the excellent Reward Not that his Merits derive a value to our Works to make them worthy of eternal Glory as some noble Mineral infused into Water that is in it self without taste or efficacy gives it a medicinal tincture and Virtue for this is impossible since the infinite Dignity of his Person and his most perfect habitual actual Holiness that are the fountains and reasons of his Merits are incommunicable to our Persons and Works But the active and passive Obedience of Christ is so satisfactory and meritorious that God is pleased graciously to reward with the Crown of Life the mean Services of those who are by a lively and purifying Faith united to him Secondly Sincere Obedience that is an uniform and entire respect to all the Commands of God will alone be accepted in that day for his Authority runs through all and binds them on the Conscience David had this Testimony from God himself that he was a Man after his own Heart that fulfilled all his Will And St. John refers the decision of our state to this If our Hearts condemn us of any allowed Sin of omission or commission much more God will who is greater than our Hearts and knows all things But if the illuminated tender Conscience doth not condemn us of insincerity we have confidence towards God that he will spare and accept us notwithstanding our Frailties and give free and safe access into his Presence The lives of many are chequer'd with a strange disparity they are restrain'd from some Sins of apparent odiousness but indulgent to others they are strict in some Duties but loose and slack in others as if they hoped by way of commutation to be accepted of God to expiate their Delinquencies in one kind by supererrogating in another Some are painted Pharisees in the duties of the first Table very exact in the formalities of outward Devotions but gross Publicans in the duties of the second careless of Justice and Equity and Charity to Men Others are in appearance strictly moral in the discharge of their duties to Men and negligent of their Obligations to God But partial Obedience can never endure the trial of Conscience much less of God For what is the weak light of our Minds to the pure Eyes of his Glory It will make us liable to inward rebuke now and to open confusion at the last St. Paul's rejoycing was from the Testimony of his Conscience that in simplicity and godly Sincerity he had his Conversation in the World and as he expresses it in another place it was his daily Exercise to have a Conscience void of Offence towards God and towards Men. Tho our conquest of Sin be not compleat yet our resolution and endeavours must be to mortify it in every kind Tho our Obedience has not the perfection of Degrees we must be equally regarding the Divine Law If there be any secret-favour'd Sin either of Omission or Commission it will render our Petitions unacceptable at the Throne of Grace and our Persons at the Throne of Judgment If I regard Iniquity in my Heart the Lord will not hear my Prayer The Law requires the performance of our Duty without abatement or denounceth the Penalty without allay or mitigation The Gospel has not relax'd the strictness of the Law as 't is the Rule of Life but as it was the condition of obtaining Life Sincere Obedience is accepted by that gracious Covenant where the Legal Perfection is wanting but that is indispensably required of all I may illustrate this by a Passage of Alexander the Great who being desirous to learn Geometry applied himself to a skilful Instructer in it But his warlike Disposition made him more capable to conquer than to measure the Earth so that tired with the first Propositions he desir'd his Master to make the Scheme more clear and plain and easy to him To whom the Master replied that the Theorems of that Science were equally difficult to all and requir'd the same attention of Mind to understand them Thus the Gospel of Mercy requires of all sincere Sanctification and serious endeavours to perfect Holiness in the Fear of God and without this none shall be exempted from Condemnation To the sincerity of Obedience I shall add a more restrained Notion of it as respecting Religion The Duties of Piety consist of an outward and inward part and the one without the other is but as a Carcass without a quickning Soul Now there will be an exquisite Anatomy of the Heart in that Judgment a discovery of all the Principles and Motives by which Men were acted and then he that is a Saint inwardly in the Spirit who with pure Aims and holy Affections hath served God shall have praise of him And those who have us'd God to injoy the World that have assumed pretences of Piety for secular Ends shall be reproved This will be a cause of wonder in that day that many who are highly esteemed by Men as excellent Saints shall be an abomination to God That in the broad way to Hell thousands go thither is sad beyond expression but not strange at all but that in the Path of Heaven any should descend to Hell is astonishing That those who live without God in the World in the prophane neglect of his Worship in a dissolute disorderly course should fall under Condemnation is believed
denied How will it confound those abject Wretches to be a spectacle of Abhorrence and Scorn before that Universal Glorious Confluence They would chuse rather to be covered under the Ruins of the World If we value and desire the Approbation of the King of Angels if we fear a final rejection from him to obtain the one and avoid the other we must entirely adhere to his Interest without any respect to the eyes and esteem of the perverse deceived World Sixthly A cordial beneficent Love to the Saints is a requisite Qualification of our Acceptance in the Day of Judgment Then shall the King say to them on his right hand Come ye blessed of my Father inherit the Kingdom prepared for you from the foundation of the World For I was an hungry and ye gave me meat I was thirsty and ye gave me drink I was a stranger and ye took me in naked and ye clothed me I was sick and ye visited me I was in Prison and ye came unto me The Union and Endearments betwixt Christ and his People are mutual and reflexive as they are extreamly tender of his Glory so he is concern'd in all that is done to them And though the Perfection of Love consists more in the Affection of the Heart than in outward Offices yet our Saviour most congruously produces in Judgment the conspicuous Effects of Love to them the supplying their Wants allaying their Sorrows owning them when obscured and deprest by Afflictions and injuriously treated by others This love of Service that is directed and exercised towards the Saints for the Image of God shining in them because they are the Children of God and Members of Christ and therefore extended to all in whom the reason of that Love appears shall be gloriously rewarded for he interprets what is done upon his Account to those who are his own by so many dear Titles as done to himself And what is more becoming his excellent Goodness than to reward the Works of Mercy with saving Mercy But those who when Christ presents himself to them in his poor distressed Members and sollicits their assistance to protect them from Injuries to refresh their Sorrows to support them in their Exigencies those that have Ability but want Affection to do them good and incompassionately neglect the suffering Saints shall be sentenc'd to be tormented with the Apostate Angels for ever What Indignity is it to the Son of God that those for whom he shed his most precious Blood should be in less value and regard with many than the Dogs and Horses maintained for their pleasure And if those on the left hand shall be condemned to eternal Fire for the coldness of their Love how terrible will the Judgment be of those that from the heat of their Enmity outragiously persecute the Servants of Christ for his sake in their Persons Estates Reputations that with a worse than barbarous inhumanity seek their ruin Is there any Sin of a more mortal Guilt The infernal Furnace is seven-fold heated for the punishing such Wickedness To conclude this Argument let us observe the Command of our Saviour To watch and pray always that we may be counted worthy to stand before the Son of Man These are Duties of universal Influence into our Lives the one prevents Carelesness the other vain Confidence in our selves and the consideration of Judgment to come is the greatest Motive to them and the first Principle of Holiness This should work more powerful in us considering the Day of Death is equivalent to the Day of Judgment to every Person for then a particular Sentence decisive and irrevocable passes that shall be publish'd at the last Day Methinks the Terrors of the Lord should engage our Souls and Senses to a continual preparation for his Coming 'T is represented so as to affect the Eye and keep it vigilant Behold the Lord comes with ten thousand of his Saints to execute Judgment upon all Behold he comes in the Clouds and every Eye shall see him And to call the Ear and make it attentive The Lord himself shall descend from Heaven with the Voice of the Arch-Angel and with the Trump of God How circumspect should we be in all our Ways since every Action shall be reviewed by our Judg St. Peter strongly infers from the dissolution of the World as a most cogent Argument that we should be exactly and universally Holy Seeing then all these things shall be dissolved what manner of Persons ought we to be in all holy Conversation and Godliness But the consideration of the eternal Judgment immediately succeeding the destruction of the World O how powerful should it be upon Conscience and the Affections to regulate the whole course of our Lives with a final respect to God's Tribunal In short That which we read of the success of the Apostle's preaching to the Athenians upon the present Subject the Immortality of the Soul comprised in the Resurrection of the Body and the future Judgment is the same in all times and places And when they heard of the Resurrection of the Dead some mocked and others said We will hear thee again of this matter and others believed There are three Differences of the Hearers of this Doctrine of so great importance some deride it as an extravagant Fancy some believe it and yield up themselves entirely in obedience to it others do not absolutely reject it as the first nor accept it as the second but have a Conjecture or slight superficial Opinion of it or a speculative Assent as to a history of things that do not concern them and defer the serious consideration and applying of it to themselves And of this third sort O Grief are the most of those who are Christians in Name They delay till Death the solemn reflecting upon the final Judgment and the inevitable Consequence of it a blessed or miserable Estate for ever And whereas the Apostle who had infallible assurance of God's Love did with an holy severity and self-denial abstain from all carnal Complacencies that might hazard the never-fading Crown I keep under my Body and bring it into subjection lest by any means when I have preached to others I should be a Cast-away Yet the most live and die in a secure state without preparation to appear before the Presence of his Glory FINIS OF HEAVEN BY WILLIAM BATES D.D. LONDON Printed by J. D. for Brabazon Aylmer at the Three Pigeons against the Royal Exchange in Cornhil 1691. OF HEAVEN Psalm 16.11 Thou wilt shew me the Path of Life in thy Presence is fulness of Joy at thy right Hand there are Pleasures for evermore THE Divine Wisdom and Goodness was pleased before and during the legal Dispensation by various Predictions and Types to delineate the Person of our Redeemer and the Work of Redemption to prepare the Minds of Men for his Reception at his coming into the World All the Evangelical Prophecies recorded in the Old Testament as
Passions like Solomon's brazen Sea unmoveable by any Winds of Temptations Are they entirely exempted from the impression of Objects and the lower Affections No they are alive and sensible of those things that ravish the Affections of carnal Men but by the power of Grace despise and overcome them And this Grace is offered in the Gospel to all that sincerely desire it so that 't is a vain wretched pretence that Religion binds to hard Service To the other part of the Objection that sometimes Religion exposes the Professors of it to heavy Sufferings I answer Indeed the Gospel is plain and peremptory in this if we will reign with Christ we must suffer with him when we are called forth to give a noble testimony to his Truth 'T is no extraordinary Elevation no point of Perfection but the duty of every Christian to be always ready in the disposition and resolution of his Mind to sacrifice his Life when the honour of Christ requires it But 't is no hard condition to suffer transient Afflictions for the obtaining a Happy Immortality to be conformable to the Image of our suffering Redeemer that we may be crowned with his Glory How many Christians esteemed themselves honoured in the Disgrace and blessed in the Injuries they suffered for Christ and with an invincible Patience and astonishing Joy endured the most cruel Persecutions though yet the human Nature in them was as tender and sensible of Pains as in others but the natural aversion and repugnance to suffering was overruled by the determination of the rational Will upon the account of their Duty and the Reward attending it They gave a most convincing sensible Testimony how much more valuable Heaven is than this present World willingly exposing themselves to all Evil here and rejoicing in hope of a glorious issue In short the Reward of Obedience is a triumphal Crown and where there is no Victory there can be no Triumph and where no Combat no Victory and where no Enemy no Combat Therefore we are commanded to fight against our internal Enemies our corrupt Affections to kill the Lusts of the Flesh and to encounter and overcome by Humility and meek Submissions the Cruelty of malicious Enemies without us in order to obtain the Crown of Life And a Believer that has Heaven in taste and expectation will easily renounce the most pleasant and willingly endure the sharpest Temptations for the blessed Reward of his Obedience Lastly Fervent and constant Prayer is requisite for the Grace of God that we may fix our Aims aright upon eternal Happiness and use those sure Means that with divine Advantage are propos'd in the Scriptures that can make us wise to Salvation such is the depravation of Man since his Fall the Mind is diverted by vain Thoughts and the Heart prepossess'd with sensual Desires that 'till the Spirit of his Mind be renewed and his original Affections to the Supream Good be revived and restored by Divine Grace he is regardless of it and only applies himself to what is pleasing to Sense There may be some transient Glances and volatile Wishes of Heaven in Carnal Men but they are miserably weak and ineffectual Therefore a most necessary Duty incumbent upon us is by humble and fervent Prayer to address our selves to God for his Spirit to enlighten our Minds that we may believe the Reality and Greatness of the Eternal Reward and to reform our Wills that we may feel its attractive Force Both these Acts of the Spirit are requisite that the Love of God as our chief Felicity may be the regent Principle of our Hearts and Lives 1. For this end the Holy Spirit convinces Men thorowly of the Reality and Greatness of an invisible Happiness In the Light of the Gospel how many of eminent intellectual Faculties are stupid as to their great Interest and spend themselves about Trifles and are equally tractable to Eternal Ruin as the Ox to the Slaughter He that is destitute of the illuminating Grace of the Spirit is blind and cannot see afar off Now by the Analogy between the corporal and intellectual Faculties we may understand in some measure how the Mind is illuminated by the Spirit of God For as to the Act of Seeing two things are requisite 1. External Light in the Air without which the Colours Figures and Beauties of Objects are not visible to the sharpest Eye but lie obscur'd under impenetrable Darkness 2. Internal Light in the Eye in which the visive Power consists if this be extinguish'd the clearest Light of Heaven is of no use for the discovery of Things Thus the Understanding is enabled to see Spiritual things 1. By the Revelation of the Object In this respect Life and Immortality are brought to Light by the Gospel Till that bright Discovery was made of Eternal Blessedness it was above the desires and hopes of sinful Man Coelum homo nec optare poterat ex ignorantia nec sperare ex propriae miseriae conscientia 2. By the inward inlightning from the Spirit of Wisdom that removes the Ignorance Prejudice and Inadvertency of the Mind which as Scales darkned its Sight and disposes it to perceive the Verity and Excellency of spiritual and future Things tho not with comprehensive Evidence yet with that assurance that no doubtfulness or suspence remains concerning them 'T is observable that Faith is exprest in Scripture by Prudence Wisdom and Knowledg whereby a Man knows the Grounds and Motives of his Judgment and Actions And Sin is called Folly For as when the understanding Faculty either from the indisposedness of the Organs as in Idiots or from the disorder of Fancy by inflammation of the Humours as in distracted Persons cannot weigh and compare and therefore makes a perverse judgment of things so the carnal Mind by not due measuring and pondering judges falsly of spiritual Things If something no bigger than the Hand were put before the Eye it would intercept the sight of the Heavens and he that not considering the Properties of things near and distant should conclude that Piece to be bigger than the Heavens were justly reputed a Fool. And the folly of carnal Men is more gross who prefer things present to Sense before what is future and of everlasting consequence to the Soul But there are some Actions which if done by a Natural would be counted Folly yet being done by those who in the reputation of the World are Wise are esteemed Prudent but they are the most deplorable Folly Now as the restoring the Laesum principium the broken Mind to its sound state whereby 't is able to consider discern and conclude of things according to their Nature such is the action of God's Spirit upon the corrupt Mind clarifying and enlightning it so that it receives full conviction by the clearest Marks of divine Authority shining in the Gospel of the Truth of all the great and precious Promises therein contained and causing it by a steady application of the Thoughts to see the vast
a folly infinitely more prodigious when Death is near are not so much affected with the loss of the Crown of Glory and the Kingdom of Heaven as with their present leaving this World and its Vanities This makes Death intolerably bitter Till the Love of God purifies the Heart the fruition of his Presence is not esteemed or desir'd A Seraphim sent from the presence of God with a flaming Coal from the Altar toucht the Lips of the Holy Prophet and his Heart was presently melted into a compliance with the Divine Will But if a rebel Angel that burns with another fire than of Divine Love were dispatch'd from Hell with a Coal from that Altar where so many Victims are offer'd to Divine Justice as there are damned Souls and touch'd obdurate Sinners that they might have a lively sense what it is to burn for ever it were the most congrous and effectual means to reclaim them like stubborn Metals they are only made pliant by the Fire From what has been said we may observe the heavenly Harmony between Mercy and Justice in God he is the Father of Mercy 't is his natural Off-spring his primary Inclination to the Creature and the threatning of Vengeance against Sinners is a gracious design to constrain them with humility and repenting Affections to seek his Favour Briefly his severity and flaming displeasure never destroys Sinners but to revenge the abuse of his neglected Benignity and Clemency 2. This shews the woful depravation of the Minds and Wills of Men that chuse Sin when thinly painted over with Pleasure notwithstanding the most dreadful and durable Torments the certain Consequences of it Desperate folly either they believe or do not the eternal Torment of Hell If they do not how prodigious is their impiety If they do 't is more prodigious they dare indulge their vicious Affections A wicked Believer is more monstrous and guilty than a wicked Infidel In some there is Atheism full of Folly or Folly full of Atheism that they will not believe the prepared Plagues for the wicked in the next State because they have no sensible proof of them Reason assisted by Divine Revelation affords so clear an evidence of the future State and the Rewards and Punishments in it that if any sincerely apply themselves to consider things he will receive the most affective conviction of them 'T is true there is not sensible evidence for God will try our Faith before he satisfies our Sight partly that we may honour his Veracity by yielding a firm assent to his Word before the actual accomplishment of what is promised or threatn'd and partly that our Obedience may be voluntary and unconstrain'd that his Goodness may take its rise to reward us But these presumptuous Infidels live as if they had no Spirit nothing of understanding in them they are wholly under the Dominion of sense as if they were free and lawless independant and unaccountable as if the most high Governour of the World were an inferiour Being without Power and Justice to vindicate the Honour of his despised Deity They do not fear Hell but are afraid they should be fearful of it This is such a piece of folly but infinitely more woful as that of the West-Indians who at their first invasion by the Spaniards were so terrified by their glittering Swords that they presently fled and very considerately resolved to hide themselves in the Day and assault their Enemies in the Night They were fearful to see their Danger and rash to encounter it and fighting in the dark were kill'd in the dark The threatnings of eternal Death are the brandishing of God's glittering Sword before he strikes and sensual Infidels are afraid lest the belief of those terrible Truths should pierce into their Breasts therefore are utterly averse from due considering their Danger and will not foresee what they shall certainly suffer 'T is in vain to offer Arguments to convince them for they are as deaf as Adders to the wisest Instructions till Sense extort an Acknowledgment from them They have hardned their Hearts and Faces against all Reproofs and by an open contempt of Scripture-Threatnings are past reclaiming They are now fearless of that Judgment the thoughts whereof make the Devils tremble but the time will shortly come when the Word of the righteous God which now they despise shall irresistibly and immediately like Lightning shot from Heaven destroy them There are many degrees of Sin many steps in the descent to Hell but the lowest and nearest the Gate of that infernal Prison is the scornful derision of God's dreadful Preparations for the wicked Others in the Christian Church who profess and presume they are true Believers yet by living indulgently in their pleasant or profitable Sins discover their Faith is counterfeit or such a superficial assent to the Truth of God's Word that is without efficacy and will not avail them at the last Unfeigned Faith of the Divine Threatnings produces such a fear as would make Men circumspect over their Hearts and Ways The fear of a present destructive Evil controuls the most eager Appetites 'T is recorded that when the Army of Israel was in pursuit of the Philistines Saul to compleat his Victory forbad upon pain of Death that any should taste Food till the Sun was down In the chace of their Enemies they pass through a Wood dropping with Honey yet notwithstanding their Hunger and Faintness and the easy provisions before them no Man so much as tasted it for the People feared the King's Oath And did Men truly believe and fear the Law of God threatning Hell for Sin would they dare to commit it though invited by pleasant Temptations Nay not only a strong Fear but the mere suspicion of great Danger will restrain the most vehement desires of Nature What Person though inflam'd with thirst would drink a Glass of cool Liquor if he suspected that deadly Poison were mix'd with it And if Men were perswaded that Sin is attended with eternal Death would they drink in Iniquity like Water The Devils themselves are not able to conquer the fear of Judgment to come they believe and tremble Therefore when it is not active upon the Conscience it is either because Men do not believe it or they fancy that retaining their beloved Lusts they may obtain an easy Absolution and escape the Damnation of Hell which the Eternal Judg has declar'd shall be the punishment of all that will not cut off the right Hand and pluck out the right Eye separate their dearest Corruptions from them Astonishing Perverseness How many will not discern nor censure that Folly in themselves which they will condemn in others for extream Madness If one riotously lavishes away his Estate and for the short Pleasure of a few Years be reduc'd with the Prodigal to extream Poverty and to loathsom Imprisonment all his Life after would he not be esteem'd to have been besides himself Yet this is a very tolerable Case in comparison of exposing
Death and Judgment sting them by fits and make them uneasy The flashes of Conscience like moments of Lightning startle them but they relapse into their habitual stupidity And the account of it will be clear by considering the following Particulars 1. Men are apt to flatter themselves with the hopes of long Life and look upon Death at a great distance Tho there be a dying disposition in the youngest and strongest Persons though we live in a World of Casualties and Death lie in ambush to surprize us every day yet we are secure because Evils affect us according to their apprehended nearness A petty Constable that is troublesom and vexatious is more fear'd by his Neighbours than the Grand Signior with all his Executioners As remote Objects though of vast bigness are lessen'd to our sight so through the supposed interval of many years Death is look'd on with a diminution of its Terror But when Death presents it self before Men ready to dispatch them how formidable is its appearance Saul though renowned for his Valour yet when he understood by Revelation that to morrow he and his Sons should be in the state of the Dead there was no strength in him but he fell straitway all along on the Earth struck through with fear before he was wounded by the Arrows of the Philistines Belshazzar in the midst of his luxury and jolity attended with a thousand Lords and his Herd of Concubines inflam'd with Wine and therefore less capable of fear yet upon the sight of the fatal Hand writing on the Wall a few unknown Characters which his guilty Conscience before the Prophet Daniel came interpreted to be the Sentence of present Death how fearfully was his Countenance changed pale as a Carcass How suddenly did his Blood congeal and his warmest quickest Spirits die in his Heart His whole Body was seized by such a vehement trembling that his Joints were loosed and his knees smote one against another This is a representation of those who bid defiance to Death at a distance but when the fatal Hour is come and they hear the Sentence decreed against them God has numbred thy days and finish'd them thou art weighed in the ballance all thy Words and Actions thy Thoughts and Affections and art found wanting and thy Soul shall be divided from thy Body the one sent to Hell to suffer the undying Worm of Conscience the other to the Grave to be a Prey to the Worms of Corruption how are they overcome with horror 2. The continual succession of the Pleasures and Business of the World divert the Mind from the attentive strong contemplation of Death and the Consequences of it Pensive Thoughts are unwelcome and we studiously endeavour to cancel the memory of such things as afflict us 'T is said of the Wicked that God is not in all their Thoughts The consideration of the holy Inspector and Judg of their Actions is tormenting therefore they fill their Minds with earthly Imaginations to exclude the Divine Presence We read of those who to put far away the evil Day chaunted to the sound of the Viol and drank Wine in Bowls They are rock'd asleep with the motion of phantastick Vanities And Sleep takes away Fear but gives no safety 'T is recorded of Marius that after his Overthrow by Sylla he was always in consternation as if he heard the sound of the Trumpets and the noise of the victorious Army pursuing him And his Fears were no longer quiet than whilst charm'd with Wine and Sleep he therefore was continually drunk that he might forget himself his Enemy and his Danger Thus Men make a pitiful shift to forget their latter End and whilst they are following either secular Affairs or sensual Pleasures are unconcerned for what is to be hereafter But this Diversion will shortly be at an end for in their languishing hours when the wasted Body fails the carnal Mind and sensual Desires fail the Man then Conscience that spoke with a low Voice before is loud and terrible and like the rigid Exactor in the Parable that took his Debtor by the throat requires them to pay what they owe. 3. Some are so hardned in Infidelity that the Powers of the World to come make no Impression on their Hearts They mind but little and are less affected with invisible things They fortify themselves with gross Thoughts that the Spirit of Man vanishes with his Breath that Death is the end of this Life and not the beginning of another and feed without Fear Place one in the midst of destructive Evils but unseen or not believed and he is as fearless as a blind Person walking on the brink of a deep Pit Indeed there are none less disturbed with the Terrors of Death than the eminently Good or the extremely Bad for the one sort have a blessed Hope that Death will be to them an entrance into Life and live like the Angels with a Joy unspeakable and glorious The others are as sensual and secure as the Beasts that perish having extinguish'd the fear of eternal future Evils which is the proper passion of Reason The Apostle declares That knowing the Terror of the Lord we perswade Men to be reconcil'd to him before the Season of Mercy be expired But those who have suppress'd the natural Notions of Eternal Judgment as they think it beneath their Wisdom to be perswaded by the Promises of Heaven so beneath their Courage to be terrified with the Threatnings of Hell and triumph over the Ruines of Conscience But though wicked Infidels slight the Threatnings they shall not escape the Vengeance of God We read of Noah That being warned of God of things not seen as yet moved with fear he prepared an Ark for the saving of his House His Fear was the native issue of his Faith But the profane World in whom Sense was predominant that despised the Oracle and trembled at no Judgments but what were acting on the visible Stage they ate and drank married and were given in marriage till swept away by the unfeared Inundation We read that Lot being certified by an embassy of Angels that a Deluge of Fire would in a few hours pour down from Heaven upon Sodom he most earnestly sollicited his Sons-in-Law Arise depart out of this Place for the Lord will destroy this City but they entertained his compassionate Advice with derision he seemed to them as one that mocked and were surprised by those fearful Flames that dispatch'd them from a Temporal Hell to that which is Eternal Thus 't was prophesied That in the last days there shall come Scoffers walking after their own Lusts and saying Where is the Promise of his coming But let them blaspheme and scorn the most sacred and terrible Truths let them perpetuate their excess of Riot and wild Mirth while they live Death will come and Judgment as sure as Death III. I now come to shew how the Death of Christ frees us from the tormenting fear of Death
For the clearing this we are to consider that Sin Satan and Death are Enemies in combination against Man in his mortal State and the destructive Power of Satan and Death is from Sin When Man renounced his Creator and natural Lord he was judicially given up to Satan as the Executioner of Vengeance and to the Power of Death Such is the Order rather the Confusion in the World by Sin The Empire of Satan and Death is built on the Ruins of our Innocence Now the Son of God came from his Throne in Heaven to deliver us And whereas there are two ways of obtaining freedom from Captivity either by Ransom or by Power and Rescue in both respects our deliverance from Bondage to these Capital Enemies is ascribed to the Death of Christ. 'T is called our Ransom and that in its strict Notion has a respect to Captivity There is one God and one Mediator between God and Man the Man Christ Jesus who gave himself a Ransom for all His Life was the full price of our Liberty and Salvation God does not pardon Sin and release from Punishment by a pure absolute Act of his Will and Authority as a Creditor forgives a Debtor but in such a way as to preserve the Rights of Justice inviolate Therefore when Man was devoted to Death our Redeemer exchang'd Conditions with him and offer'd up his precious Blood as our Ransom to God in the quality of the King and Judg of all Such was the Dignity of his Person that the entire World the Heavens and the Earth with all their Inhabitants are of less value to him than the basest Dross to refined Gold Such was the greatness of his Sufferings in which the highest degree of Obedience and the lowest degree of Humility were conspicuous as to be a valuable Compensation to obtain eternal Redemptâ—â—â— for us Now when God the supreme Judâ—â— satisfied Satan forfeits the right he 〈◊〉 to torment us and is divested of hâ—â— Dominion over our Wills which thâ— justly permitted was an usurpation upon God's Right in Man that can neveâ— be extinguish'd 'T is said by the Apostle that our Saviour blotting out the hand-writing of Ordinances that was against us which was contrary to us and took it out of the way nailing it to his Cross He abolish'd the use of the Ceremonial Law that was an Evidence and Enditement of their Guilt who performed it and the Curse of the Moral Law It follows and having spoiled Principalities and Powers he made a shew of them openly triumphing over them in it Our Saviour died victoriously the Tree of Infamy on which he suffered was the Trophy of his Conquest His Death disarm'd Satan of his Weapons whereby he subdued Us Sin the Law and Death for though his actual Triumph was in his Resurrection and Ascension to Glory yet it is justly ascribed to his Death for that meritoriously open'd the Grave at his Resurrection and Heaven at his Ascension And here by the way 't is most worthy of observation that our Deliverance from our spiritual and most deadly Enemies is equally righteous as admirable and glorious for our suffering Saviour appeas'd the Wrath of God and broke the Powers of Darkness The Wisdom and Love of God had their Designs in his Death as well as the Malice and Rage of Satan as Lines that are opposite in the Circumference meet in the Centre And as from the Tyranny of Satan so the Death of our Redeemer is our redemption from Death as to the Curse and final Dominion of it nay has made it a blessed Advantage to us 1. The Curse is removed Death considered as the Wages of Sin is all sting and poison the consequent of the spiritual Death and the introduction to eternal Death The sting of Death is Sin and the strength of Sin is the Law Death hath its wounding Power from Sin and Sin from the Law that forbids it that discovers its Nature and enhanses the measure of its Guilt and denounces condemnation for it Now our Saviour having in our stead subjected himself to Death the penalty of the Law for Sin There is no condemnation to those that are in Christ Jesus Christ hath redeemed us from the Curse of the Law being made a Curse for us Death inflicted on the Saints has not that relation to the guilt of Sin as to be properly satisfaction to revenging Justice There are no petty payments to be made by our Sufferings after his compleat Satisfaction to God The Lord laid on him the Iniquities of us all 'T is indeed still a declaration of God's holy Displeasure against Sin for that originally open'd the way of its coming into the World and sometimes by the immaturity or manner of it 't is a chastisement upon good Men for Sin that is to make them renew their Repentance and mortify their carnal Affections that fasten them to the World For though after the last act of Expiration there is no place for Repentance yet in the approaches of Death the Soul is strongly excited by the Call of God to review its State and make solemn preparation to be found of him in Peace But 't is not in a strict sense the malediction and vengeance of the Law executed upon them The Serpent is turn'd into a Rod of Correction in the hands of our Heavenly Father for their good As the Apostle speaking of some that for their profaning the Lord's Table were fallen asleep adds that when we are judged we are chastened of the Lord that we may not be condemned with the World A Believer shall not be hurt of the second Death From hence it is that in the Book of Life the Scriptures the Death of the Saints is called a Sleep Saint Paul argues If we believed that Jesus died and rose again even so them also that sleep in Jesus will God bring with him 'T is observable how the Apostle varies the expression Jesus died and the Saints sleep in him for he sustained Death with all its Terrors that it might be a calm Sleep to his People They enjoy as perfect a Rest in the Beds of Dust as ever in the softest Down Stephen in the midst of a shower of Stones fell asleep Believers die in Peace The Righteous is taken from the Evil to come he enters into Peace Being reconciled to God through the Blood of Christ they are not terrified at his Call but with sweet tranquillity resign their Souls unto him Lord now let thy Servant depart in Peace for mine Eyes have seen thy Salvation There is a vast difference in God's account between the Death of the Righteous and the Wicked As the Tabernacle in the Wilderness was taken down with care upon their change of station and delivered to the Levites charge in order to the raising of it again with honour but the House incurably infected with the Leprosy was pluck'd down with violence and thrown into an unclean
difference between what is Temporal and Eternal how despicably light all the Vanities of this World are found when put in the Ballance against the infinite inestimable Happiness of the next In short the renewed Mind knows Spiritual Things according to their Nature and Qualities believes esteems and determines that they are of eternal Moment and absolutely necessary for the Happiness of Man And as when the natural Faculty of seeing is perish'd 't is irreparable by human Skill and without a Miracle can never be restored so the intellectual Faculty when darkned by sinful Lusts without the renewing power of the Spirit can never know Spiritual Things as they ought to be known Therefore as the blind Men in the Gospel who dispair'd of help from the Physicians hearing of the miraculous Power of Christ importunately begg'd his healing Mercy so let us pray to the Light and Saviour of the World but in a more noble and higher Sense Lord that we may receive our sight Let us with the most zealous Affections call upon the God of our Lord Jesus Christ the Father of Glory that he would give unto us the Spirit of Wisdom and Revelation in the knowledg of him the Eyes of our understanding being inlightned that we may know what is the hope of his Calling and what the Riches of the Glory of his Inheritance in the Saints 2. The efficacious Influence of the Holy Spirit is requisite to change the Will that with a free and full consent it may desire and prosecute the Spiritual Eternal Good Without this the conviction of the Mind is not powerful enough to convert the Soul from the love of the World to choose Heaven There may be an inlightned Conscience without a renewed Heart Though the Judgment assents that God is the Supream Good yet till the Heart be circumcised the sensuality of the Affections taken away divine Love that directs the Life to God as our blessed End can never possess it Suppose that Men had a sensible and strong assurance of the Eternal State hereafter if all those who lived godly in a visible manner ascended with Elias to Heaven and if all who continued in their Sins visibly descended into Hell as Corah and his Company were swallowed up alive by the Earth before the Israelites if Men could hear the joyful Exultations of the Saints above their high Praises of God and hear the desperate Crys and deep Complaints of the Damned if one according to the desire of the rich Man were sent from Hell and with his Fiery Tongue should relate what he had seen and suffer'd and exhibit a sensible demonstration in himself of those Torments yet this alone were not sufficient to draw off their Hearts from the deceitful Happiness of this World and fasten them on the perfect and Eternal Happiness in the next Indeed they could not then indulge their Lusts so securely but they would be Strangers to the Life of God such an inveterate alienation of Heart is in Men from real Holiness Till the sanctifying Spirit by a directive persuasive Light that represents the Truth and Goodness of Spiritual Things transforms the Soul and makes it Spiritual in its Valuations and Affections 't is inwardly averse from Grace and Glory The Lord direct our Hearts into the Love of God and into the patient waiting for Christ when he shall come to be glorified in his Saints and admired in all them that believe FINIS OF HELL BY WILLIAM BATES D.D. LONDON Printed by J. D. for Brabazon Aylmer at the Three Pigeons against the Royal Exchange in Cornhil 1691. OF HELL Mark 9.48 Where their Worm dieth not and the Fire is not quenched THE Words are the repetition of a powerful Motive by our Blessed Saviour to deter Men from indulging Temptations to sin how grateful or useful soever to them If thy Hand offend thee cut it off if thy Foot offend thee cut it off if thy Eye offend thee pluck it out All the Occasions whereby Sin insinuates it self and inflames our Inclinations whether it bribes us with Profit or allures by Pleasure must be immediately cut off and for ever separated from us This Counsel seems very severe to the natural Man who freely converses with Temptations To do Violence to himself and tear his beloved Lusts from his Bosom the Carnal Nature will not consent to Our Saviour therefore urges such Arguments as may move the Understanding and Affections may strike Sense and Conscience For it is better to enter into Life maimed than having two Hands to go into Hell where the Fire never shall be quenched Hope and Fear are the most active Passions The Hope of Heaven is motive enough to induce a true Believer to despise and reject all the Advantages and Pleasures of Sin that are but for a Season and the fear of an Everlasting Hell is strong enough to controul the vicious Appetites Reason determines that when a Gangreen that is deadly and spreading has seiz'd upon a Member presently to cut off an affected Arm or Leg to save the rest how much more reasonable and necessary is it to part with the most charming and favourite Sin to preserve the Soul from Eternal Death 'T is observable our Saviour inculcates three times that Men may take notice of it with terror Where the Worm never dies and the Fire is never quenched A Worm gnawing upon the Bowels that are of the most tender and quick sense Fire that causes the most vehement pain are fearful Representations to typify the Torments of the Damned And that the Worm is undying and the Fire unquenchable infinitely aggravates their Punishment The Proposition is this That the punishment of those who will retain their pleasant or profitable Sins shall be extream and eternal In the handling of this Point I will 1. Discourse of the Extremity of the Punishment 2. Of the Eternity of it 1. Of the Extremity of it Before the particular Description of the Pains of the Damned I shall observe in general That the full Representation of Hell is beyond all humane Expression nay our most fearful Thoughts cannot equal the Horror of it Who knows the Power of thine Anger What are the prepared Plagues by infinite Justice and Almighty Wrath for obstinate Sinners It is impossible for the most guilty and trembling Conscience to inlarge its sad apprehensions according to the degrees of that Misery The Lord will shew forth his Wrath and make his Power known in the Vessels fitted for Destruction None can tell what God can do and what Man shall suffer when made capable to endure such Torments for ever as now would presently consume him As the Glory of Heaven cannot be fully understood till enjoyed so the Torments of Hell cannot be comprehended till felt But we may have some discovery of those unknown Terrors by the following Considerations 1. The most heavy Judgments of God upon Sinners here are light and tolerable in Comparison of the Punishment of Sinners in the next
State For 1. Temporal Evils of all kinds and degrees as Pestilence Famine War are designed for the bringing of Men to a sight and sense of their Sins and are common to Good and Bad here And if his Anger be so terrible when he chastises as a compassionate Father what is his Fury when he punishes as a severe Judg If the correcting Remedies ordered by his Wisdom and Love for the conversion of Sinners be so sharp what is the deadly revenge of his irreconcileable Hatred 2. The Miseries of the present State are allayed with some enjoyments None are so universally afflicted so desolate but something remains to sweeten the sense of their Sufferings Judgments are tempered with Mercies No Man is tortur'd with all Diseases nor forsaken of all Friends nor utterly without Comfort And when the Affliction is irremediable yet if our grief produces Sympathy in others 't is some ease to the troubled Mind and by that assistance the Burthen is made lighter But in Hell the Damned are surrounded with Terrors encompast with Flames without any thing to refresh their Sorrows not a drop of Water to a Lake of Fire All that was esteemed Felicity here is totally withdrawn Death puts a period to their Lives and Pleasures of Sin for ever For 't is most just that those Objects which were abused by their Lusts and alienated their Hearts from their Duty and Felicity should be taken away And which is extream Misery in their most pitiful State they are absolutely unpitied Pity is the cheap and universal Lenitive not denied to the most guilty in their Sufferings here for the Law of Nature instructs us to pity the Man when the Malefactor suffers But even this is not afforded to the Damned All their Agonies and Cries cannot incline the Compassion of God and the blessed Spirits in Heaven towards them for they are not compassionable Objects their Misery being the just effect of their perverse obstinate Choice And in Hell all human tender Affections are extinguisht for ever Now 't is the perfection of Misery the excess of Desolation to be deprived of all good things pleasing to our Desires and to suffer all Evils from which we have the deepest aversation and abhorrence As in Heaven all Good is eminently comprised and nothing but Good so in Hell all Evil is in excessive degrees and nothing but Evil. 3. Temporal Evils are inflicted by the mediation of second Causes that are of a limited power to hurt but in the next World he more immediately torments the Damned by his absolute Power The Apostle tells us that the Wicked are punished with everlasting Destruction from the presence of the Lord and the Glory of his Power What is the lashing with a few Rushes to a blow given by the hand of a Giant that strikes dead at once This comparison is below the Truth More particularly the state of Misery is set forth in Scripture by such representations as may powerfully instruct and terrify even the most carnal Men. Nothing is more intolerably painful than suffering the violence of Fire inraged with Brimstone and Hell is described by a Lake of Fire and Brimstone wherein the Wicked are tormented Whether the Fire be Material or Metaphorical the reality and intenseness of the Torment is signified by it But the ordinary Fire tho mingled with the most torturing Ingredients is not an adequate representation of it For that is prepared by Men but the Fire of Hell is prepared by the Wrath of God for the Devil and his Angels The Divine Power is illustriously manifested in that terrible Preparation So that as some of the Fathers express it if one of the Damned might pass from those Flames into the fiercest Fires here it were to exchange a Torment for a Refreshment The Scripture speaks of the vehement heat and fiery Thirst and outer Darkness in which the Damned suffer to satisfy the rights of Justice in the torment of those Senses for the Pleasure of which Men wilfully broke the Laws of God But the Soul being the chief Sinner shall be the chief Mourner in those Regions of Sorrow An Image of this we have in the Agonies of Spirit which sometimes the Saints themselves are in here and which the most stubborn Sinners can neither resist nor endure Job was afflicted in that manner that he complains The Arrows of the Almighty are with me the Poison whereof drinks up my Spirit the Terrors of God set themselves in Array against me If a Spark of his Displeasure falls on the guilty Conscience it tears and blows up all as a Fire-ball cast into a Magazine Solomon who understood the Frame of humane Nature tells us The Spirit of a Man can bear his Infirmity that is the Mind fortified by principles of moral Counsel and Constancy can endure the assault of external Evils but a wounded Spirit who can bear This is most insupportable when the sting and remorse of the Mind is from the sense of Guilt for then God appears an Enemy righteous and severe and who can encounter with offended Omnipotence Such is the sharpness of his Sword and the weight of his Hand that every stroke is deadly inward Satan the cruel Enemy of Souls exasperates the Wounds He discovers and charges Sin upon the Conscience with all its killing Aggravations and conceals the divine Mercy the only Lenitive and Balm to the Wounded Spirit What Visions of Horror what Spectacles of Fear what Scenes of Sorrow are presented to the distracted Mind by the Prince of Darkness And which heightens the Misery Man is a worse Enemy to himself than Satan he falls upon his own Sword and destroys himself The guilty Conscience turns the Sun into Darkness and the Moon into Blood the precious Promises of the Gospel that assure Favour and Pardon to returning and relenting Sinners are turn'd into Arguments of despair by reflecting upon the abuse and provocation of Mercy that the Advocate in God's bosom is become the Accuser Whatever the Soul-wounded Sinner sees or hears afflicts him whatever he thinks torments him All the Diversions in the World Business Pleasures merry Conversation Comedies are as ineffectual to give freedom from those Stings and Furies in the Breast as the sprinkling of Holy Water is to expel a raging Devil from a possest Person Those who in their Pride and Jollity have despised serious Religion either as a fond Transport and Extasy towards God or a dull Melancholy and Dejection about the Soul or an idle Scrupulosity about indifferent things yet when God has set their Sins with all their killing circumstances in order before their Eyes how changed how confounded are they at that Apparition how restless with the dreadful expectation of the doom that attends them Belshazzer in the midst of his Cups and Herd of Concubines by a few Words written on the Wall containing his Process and Judgment was so terrified by his guilty jealous Conscience that his Joints were loosed Nature sunk under the