of the Lord Josh 24. 27. Are these things Persons Is it not evident that Actions proper to Persons are ascribed to them as well as to the Holy Spirit or Power and Inspiration of God by the Figure called Prosopopeia Briefly We ought to conceive thus of this matter a great Effusion of God's Inspiration and Power being to be given to the Disciples that it might be a continual Director and Guide when the Lord Christ was no more personally with them therefore this Guide is by the aforesaid Figure spoken of in such terms as if it were some Doctor Teacher and Advocate Hence it is said to reprove the World to guide into all Truth to intercede for us namely because it suggesteth Prayer and Affection in Prayer also not to speak of himself but to speak what he shall hear from God to receive of Christ's that is receive of God the Remainder of Christ's Doctrine and teach it to the Apostles For 't is to be noted that our Lord left some things to be taught by this Inspiration of God because the Disciples were not capable to hear and believe them till they had seen the great Miracles of our Lords Resurrection and Afcension into Heaven John 16. 12. I have yet many things to say to you but ye cannot bear them now Howbeit when the Spirit of Truth is come he shall guide you into all Truth The Spirit that guided the Apostles into all Truth was it not the meer Inspiration of God It is for the same Reason and by the same Figure that this Power and Inspiration of God in the Apostles is said to bear Witness John 15. 26. to search Mysteries 1 Cor. 2. 10. 11. to distribute Gifts 1 Cor. 12. 2. to appoint Bishops Acts 20. 28. to glorify Christ John 16. 14. Finally It appeared in the Form of a Dove on Christ and of Cloven Tongues on the Apostles Matth. 3. 16. Acts 2. 3 4. Because God conveyed this Divine Energy to the Lord Christ and to the Apostles in these outward Symbols which were fit Emblems of the Quality of the Gifts then bestowed The Dove signified the mild and peaceable Spirit of Christ and that the Power then conveyed to him should not be for the Damage or Hurt of Mankind The Tongues denoted that the Apostles did then and there receive the Gift or Faculty of speaking with many Tongues But what sense can the Trinitarians make of these things they say the Spirit is a Person and God did God receive and assume the Shape of a Dove that is of a Brute What hinders but that they may believe all the Transformations in the Metamorphosis of Ovid 29. John 16. 15. All things that the Father hath are mine Answ 1. St. Paul hath said as much of every Christian 1 Cor. 3. 21 22. All things are Yours things present things to come all are yours 2. All things in this Text of St. John are all things relating to the Christian Faith Doctrine and Discipline for it follows Therefore said I He the Spirit shall take of mine and shew it to you The meaning of the whole Passage is all things relating to the Doctrine and Discipline of the Christian Church which the Father hath in his Mind and Design are mine that is are known to me and shall for the most part of them be ordered by my self as for the rest which I my self do not discover or order the Spirit shall receive it and shew it to you 30. John 17. 5. Glorify me with thine own self with the Glory I had with thee before the World was Answ 1. St. Austin and many other learned and Orthodox Interpreters not only grant but contend that the meaning here is Let me now actually receive that Glory with thy self which I had with thee in thy Decree and Design before the World was This Interpretation is confirmed by this that the Sufferings of Christ were to precede his actual Glory 1 Pet. 1. 11. Searching what and what manner of time the Spirit did signify when it testified before-hand the Sufferings of Christ and the Glory that should follow 2. As 't is here said The Glory that I had with thee before the World was so 't is said 2 Cor. 5. 1. We have a Building of God an House not made with Hands Where we have is we have it in God's Decree and Intention or it is prepared for us 2 Tim. 1. 9. Grace was given us in Christ before the World was Where again was given to us is was given in God's Decree and Intention Therefore so also we may understand that Christ had Glory before the World was 31. John 17. 10. All mine are thine and thine are mine Answ It appears by the foregoing verse and by what follows that Christ speaks of such as were or should be his Disciples His meaning is all that are my Disciples are of thy giving to me and still remain thine and all that are true Servants and Lovers of God readily become mine that is Disciples to me 32. John 17. 24. For thou lovedst me from the Foundation of the World. Answ None can deny that God loved all the Elect from the Foundation of the World. To God all things are present not only what is past but what is to come is present to the Divine Mind and Knowledg 33. John 20. 28. Thomas answered and said unto him my Lord and my God Or O my Lord and O my God! For 't is an Attic Vocative Answ 1. Nestorius Patriarch of Constantinople was of Opinion that these Words were not designed to Christ but to God. For though the Evangelist saith Thomas answered and said unto him i. e. to Christ O my Lord and O my God. Yet the Exclamation might be addressed to God as it's Object tho it was also an Answer to our Saviour or in Answer to our Saviour and to what he had said at ver 27. Or if the Words were addressed to our Saviour also it may be admitted as true what others say here Namely 2. When Thomas had felt the Prints of the Spear and Nails in our Saviour's Side and Hands and was thereby fully satisfied that he was indeed risen again he breaks forth into this Exclamation the first part of which he directed to Christ the other to God. O my Lord are Words of Congratulation to our Saviour And O my God! Words of Admiration and Praise to God. 34. Acts 5. 3 4. Why hath Satan filled thine Heart to lie to the Holy Ghost Thou hast not lied unto Men but unto God. Answ Some of the most celebrated Interpreters among the Trinitarians have owned that this Text ought to be thus understood Why hast thou lied to the Holy Ghost i. e. to us Apostles who have thou knowest the Holy Spirit or Inspiration of God in us Thou hast not lied unto Men but unto God i. e. thou hast not hereby lied to Men only or chiefly but to God who is in us by his Spirit and Inspiration This
was in being before all other Creatures but the meaning is he is the first-born from the dead of all God's Creatures He is the first that was raised from the dead and thus as it were born again into the World so as never to die again but forthwith injoy eternal Life Thus in this very Context is the first-born explained ver 18. He is the Head of the Body the Church who is the Beginning the first-born from the dead 2. These Words For by him were all things created c. are not spoken of Christ but of God. The sense of the whole Context is this the Lord Christ is the most perfect Image of the invisible God the first-born from the dead of every Creature for O Colossians by him even by the invisible God were all things created they were not as some of your Philosophers have taught you from all Eternity nor as others say arose from the accidental Concourse of Atoms but all of them whether things in Heaven or things in Earth whether they be Thrones or Dominions or Principalities or Powers are Creatures and were by God created who is before them all and by him they all consist But he is the Head of the Body the Church who is the Beginning and first-born from the dead even the Lord Christ 3. They observe farther that the most learned and critical Interpreters of the Trinitarians do not think that Creation is in this Context ascribed to Christ They interpret this Context thus The most Beloved so first-born is used by the Hebrews and Hellenists Exod. 4. 22. Psal 89. 27. Jer. 31. 9. of every Creature or the Chief and Head of every Creature So Camero Piscator Deodat Dally Vorstius Davenant Grotius For by him were all things modelled whether they be things in Heaven or things in Earth modelled not created So of the Ancients even Athanasius and St. Cyril and Fulgentius So also Alfonsus Salmero Arias Montanus Grotius and many more The Lord Christ is said to model or order all things on Earth because of the great change he introduced abolishing Judaism and Paganism the only Religions then in the World and introducing Christianity in their stead He new ordered or modelled the Thrones Dominions Principalities Powers and other Angelick Orders in Heaven in that he became their Head and King whereas they were before immediately under God and giveth to them from time to time such Orders and Directions as to him seem good 1 Pet. 3. 22. Rev. 1. 1. Rev. 5. 6. Whereas 't is added at ver 17. He is before all things They understand it thus he is in Worth and Excellence as well as Dignity and Power before all other Persons and things And by him all things consist i. e. By his wise Providence and Government they consist or fall into no Disorder and Confusion 4. St. Chrysostom goes away by himself He understands indeed ver 16. of Christ but he renders it not for by him were all things created but thus the most beloved of every Creature for for him were all things created that are in Heaven and that are in Earth c. So that the sense here is the same with what is said Heb. 1. 2. Whom he God hath appointed Heir of all things i. e. All things were originally made with respect to Christ that they might be subjected one day to him and he be made Heir or Lord under God his Father of them 17. Col. 2. 3. In him are hid all the Treasures of Wisdom and Knowledg Answ 1. The Socinians grant that in Christ are inestimable Treasures of Wisdom given to him by God. But 2. It has been observed by others that this particular Verse and it s Context should have been thus translated to the Acknowledgment of the Mystery of God even the Father and of Christ in which i. e. in which Mystery are hid all the Treasures of Wisdom and Knowledg 18. Col. 2. 9. In him dwelleth the Fulness of the Godhead bodily and ye are compleat in him or ye are filled by him Answ 1. 'T is also said Eph. 3. 9. That ye ye Ephesians might be filled with all the Fulness of God. And this very Text of the Colossians saith that the Fulness of God or of the Godhead is so in Christ that we are filled by him with the same Therefore the Fulness of God or of the Godhead here is the Fulness of the Knowledg of God or of the Godhead this dwelt in Christ and with this he hath filled or compleated us Christians This Knowledg is said to dwell in Christ bodily or as others translate substantially in Opposition to that imperfect umbratile and unsincere Knowledg of God that was to be found in the Philosophy and Philosophers of the Greeks who in Paul's time were in great Esteem among the Colossians and other Greek Nations and Colonies This Interpretation is confirmed by ver 8. and allowed by the most learned and Orthodox Interpreters 19. 1 Thess 3. 11 12. God himself and our Father and our Lord Jesus Christ direct in the Greek prosper our way unto you Answ Paul wisheth that the Lord Christ may prosper his way meaning by his general Intercession with God for all his Ministers and other Labourers in the Gospel as also by his Angels who are Christ's Agents sent forth to minister to i. e. to protect and help those that shall be Heirs of Salvation Heb. 1. 14. 1 Pet. 3. 22. Rev. 1. 1. Rev. 5. 6. But it is added at ver 12. of this third to the Colossians And the Lord make you to encrease and abound in Love. Answ If these Words are to be understood of Christ It must be said that the Lord Christ causeth us to abound in Love and all other Graces partly by his Gospel partly by his Intercession with him who is the Giver of every good and perfect Gift Heb. 7. 25. See also what has been said on Acts 9. 14 21. 20. 2 Thess 2. 16 17. Our Lord Jesus comfort your Hearts and establish you in every good Word and Work. Answ See on 1 Thess 3. 11 12. 21. 1 Tim. 3. 16. Without Controversy great is the Mystery of Godliness God was manifest in the Flesh justified in the Spirit seen of Angels believed on in the World received up into Glory Answ It appears by the Syriac Latin Ethiopic Armenian Arabic and most ancient Greek Bibles as also by the first Council of Nice and a great many Citations out of the Fathers both Greek and Latin that the Word God was not originally in this Text but added to it For they read it thus Without Controversy great is the Mystery of Godliness which was manifest by Flesh that is by Man by the Ministry of Men even Jesus and his Apostles justified by the Spirit i. e. proved by Miracles done by the Spirit or Power of God seen of Angels i. e. discovered to Angels who greatly desired to understand this Secret and the Particulars and Causes of it Eph. 3. 10
for the Godhead of the Son or Spirit because as now Christians are baptized unto them so the Jews were baptized unto Moses and John's Disciples unto John. 9. Luke 1. 16 17 76. Many of the Children of Israel shall he John Baptist turn to the Lord their God and he shall go before him in the Spirit and Power of Elias Thou Child shalt be called the Prophet of the Highest for thou shalt go before the Face of the Lord to prepare his way Answ See on Isa 40. 3. 10. Luke 17. 5. The Apostles said unto the Lord Increase our Faith. Answ By thy Prayers to God which are always heard for us 11. Luke 24. 47. That Repentance and Remission of Sin should be preached in his Christ Name Answ The sense is Christ commanded the Disciples to require Men to repent and on their so doing to assure them in his Name or from him that God would forgive them 12. John 1. 1. c. In the Beginning was the Word c. Answ The Trinitarian Exposition of this Chapter is absurd and contradictory 't is this In the Beginning i. e. from all Eternity Answ From all Eternity is before the Beginning or without Beginning not in the Beginning In the Beginning must refer to some time and thing it must be in the Beginning of the World or of the Gospel or of the Word and in which ever of these senses it is taken the Word cannot be from all Eternity by Virtue or Force I mean of this Expression Was the Word i. e. was God the Son. Answ But where in Scripture is the Word called God the Son The Word was with God i. e. The Son was with the Father Answ It seems then that God in this clause is the Father But was not the Son also with the Holy Ghost and is not he too according to the Trinitarians God or a God If he is why doth St. John only say the Son was with the Father and how comes the Father to engross here the Title of God to the Exclusion of the Holy Ghost The Word was God. What shall we do here was the Word the Father for so they interpreted God in the foregoing clause No God in this clause hath a new meaning 't is God the Son. But in the whole Scripture there are not these words God the Son. The same was in the Beginning with God. How comes this to be again repeated for John had said once before that the Word was with God. They care not 't is said and that 's enough The Truth is according to their sense of this Context no account can be given of this Repetition and they must allow it to be a meer Tautology But let us say the Socinians hear Grotius interpreting this sublime Proem of St. John's Gospel Ver. 1. In the Beginning i. e. when God created the Heavens and the Earth For these Words are taken from Gen. 1. 1. was the Word The Hebrews call that Power and Wisdom of God by which he made the World and does all other his extraordinary Works his Word Psal 33. 6. By the Word of the Lord were the Heavens made Heb. 11. 2. The Worlds were made by the Word of God. 2 Pet. 3. 5. By the Word of God the Heavens were of old They borrowed this Expression from Moses who in describing the Creation saith that God said Let there be Light Gen. 1. 3. God said Let there be a Firmament Gen. 1. 6. and so through the whole Chapter Undoubtedly Moses is not to be understood of a Word orally spoken for God is a Spirit but his meaning is God put forth his Power and Wisdom and thereby created Light and the Firmament c. As easily as Men can speak these Words Let there be Light Let there be a Firmament Thus we see why the Divine Wisdom and Power was called the Word by David and so many Writers of the New Testament The Word was with God i. e. It was not yet in the World or not yet made Flesh ver 10. and 14. but with God. The Word was God i. e. The Word or Divine Wisdom and Power is not something different from God but being his Wisdom and Power is God. 'T is the common Maxim of Divines that the Attributes and Properties of God are God. Which is in some sense true We may also here note that those Persons whether Angels or Men to whom the Divine Word hath been in an extraordinary Degree communicated have also had the Names Jehovah and God given to them The Angel who destroyed Sodom by a miraculous Tempest from Heaven is called Jehovah so is he that promised Abraham to cause Sarah to conceive a Son Gen. 18. 13. On the same account God says to Moses Exod 7. 1. See I have made thee a God to Pharaoh Ver. 2. The same was in the Beginning with God. This is here again repeated by the Evangelist to teach us that the Word is so God that it is not all that God is there being other Properties and Attributes of God that are communicable as well as the Word Ver. 3. All things were made by him The English-Geneva Translation saith here All things were made by It. But it matters not for the Word begins here to be spoken of as a Person by the same Figure of Speech that Solomon saith Wisdom hath builded her House and hewn out her seven Pillars Prov. 9. 1. And that David calls God's Commandments Counsellours Psal 119. 24. Ver. 4. In him i. e. In him when he was in the World and was made Flesh Ver. 10. and 14. Was Life i. e. By the Word when made Flesh or Man the way and manner of obtaining Life eternal Life was discovered to the Gentiles The way is the Doctrine of the Gospel John 12. 50. And the Life was the Light of Men i. e. The Life-giving Doctrine by him taught was that Light to and by which Men may and ought to direct their Steps in order to eternal Blessedness John 12. 50. So here the Doctrine of Christ the Gospel is called Light as before it was called Life Ver. 8. He John was not that Light i. e. John neither was nor was the bringer of the Light of the Gospel though he bare Witness to both 'T is usual in familiar Speech to call the Bringer of a thing by the name of the thing he brings and for this reason our Saviour is called Life and Light John 14. 6. John 8. 12. Ver. 10. He was in the World. Here the Evangelist returns to speak of the Word The sense is in Process of time the Word became incarnate that is Abode on the Person of Jesus Christ and so conversed in the World among Men. God communicated his Word that is a vast Effusion of his Divine Power and Wisdom to his Son the Lord Christ Acts. 10. 38. The World was made by him i. e. The World and all Men were made by this Word which afterwards abode on Jesus Christ and which
not for himself or People he cannot die and he deriveth his Power from none but himself But 't is certain that the Lord Christ could not himself without the previous Ordination of the Father confer the prime Dignities of Heaven or of the Church He placed his Safety in the Father's Presence and Help He prayed often and fervently to the Father both for himself and for his Disciples He died and was raised from the dead by the Father After his Resurrection he received of another that great Power which he now injoyeth Matth. 20. 23. To sit on my right Hand and on my left is not mine to give but it shall be given to them for whom it is prepared of my Father John 8. 29. He that sent me is with me and the Father hath not left me alone for I always do those things that please him Luke 22. 42. Father if thou be willing remove this Cup from me Heb. 5. 7. Who in the Days of his Flesh offered up Prayers and Supplications with strong Crying and Tears unto him that was able to save him John 17. 20. Neither pray I for these alone but for them also which shall believe in me through their Word Ephes 1. 19 20. According to the mighty working of his Power which he wrought in Christ when he raised him from the dead Matth. 28. 18. Jesus came and spake to them saying All Power is given to me 7. Jesus Christ is in holy Scripture always spoken of as a distinct and different Person from God and described to be the Son of God and the Image of God Rom. 16. 27. To God only wise be Glory through Jesus Christ. Luke 18. 19. Why callest thou me good there is none good save one that is God. 1 Tim. 2. 5. There is one God and one Mediator between God and Men the Man Jesus Christ. John 13. 18. He that believeth not is condemned already because he hath not believed on the Name of the only begotten Son of God. Luke 1. 35. The Holy Ghost shall come upon thee Blessed Mary and the Power of the Highest shall overshadow thee therefore also or and therefore the Holy thing that is born of thee shall be called the Son of God. Col. 1. 15. The Image of the invisible God. ' Tis. say the Socinians as impossible that the Son or Image of the one true God should himself be that one true God as that the Son should be the Father and the Image that very thing whose Image it is which they take to be simply impossible and contradictory to common sense which Religion came not to destroy but to improve Whereas to these arguings 't is objected that these things are in Holy Scripture spoken of Christ according to only his humane Nature or as he is a Man but that he is also God the Son though united to an humane Nature that is to an humane Soul and Body The Socinians reply that there is in Scripture no real Foundation for such a Conceit that 't is inconsistent with almost all the Texts already cited especially those in which the Lord Christ is spoken of as a distinct and different Person from God and that there are many other Considerations and Passages of holy Scripture which no less than demonstrate it to be false As 8. Because so many Texts expresly declare that only the Father is God John 17. 1 2 3. Father this is Life eternal that they know thee the only true God and Jesus Christ whom thou hast sent or Jesus Christ thy Messenger 1 Cor. 8. 6. But to us there is but one God the Father of whom are all things and we in him and one Lord or Master i. e. Teacher by whom are all things In the Greek thus One Lord Jesus Christ for whom are all things and we for him See the Note on Heb. 1. 2. in the Fourth Letter Eph. 4. 4 5 6. One Spirit one Lord one God and Father of all who is above all 1 Cor. 15. 24. Then 〈◊〉 the End when he Christ ver 23. shall deliver up the Kingdom to God even the Father Jam. 3. 9. Therewith with the Tongue ver 8. bless we God even the Father Rom. 15. 6. With one Mind and with one Mouth glorify God even the Father of our Lord Jesus Christ 9. If Christ were indeed God as well as Man or as Trinitarians speak God the Son incarnate in an humane Nature it had been altogether superfluous to give the Holy Spirit to his said humane Nature as a Director and Guide For what other help could that Nature need which was one Person with as they speak God the Son and in which God the Son did personally dwell Luke 4. 1. Jesus being full of the Holy Ghost departed from Jordan Acts 1. 2. After that he through the Holy Ghost i. e. through direction and motion of the holy Spirit and Inspiration of God had given Commandments unto the Apostles Acts 10. 38. God anointed Jesus of Nazareth with the Holy Ghost 10. Had the Lord Christ been as Trinitarians speak God the Son joyned to an humane Nature he could not have ascribed his miraculous Works to the Holy Ghost or to the Father dwelling in him but to the Son dwelling in him and united to him Matth. 12. 28. I cast out Devils by the Spirit of God. John 14. 10. The Father that dwelleth in me he doeth the Works John 5. 30. I can do nothing of my self Acts 2. 22. Jesus of Nazareth a Man approved of God among you by Miracles and Wonders and Signs which God did by him in the midst of you 11. Had our Lord been more than a Man the Prophecies of the Old Testament in which he is promised would not describe him barely as the Seed of the Woman the Seed of Abraham a Prophet like unto Moses the Servant and Missionary of God on whom God's Spirit should rest Gen. 3. 5. I will put Enmity between thy Seed and her Seed Her Seed is by all Interpreters understood to be Christ Gen. 22. 18. In thy Seed shall all the Nations of the Earth be blessed This again is universally interpreted of Christ Deut. 18. 18. I will raise them up a Prophet from among their Brethren like unto thee and I will put my Words into his Mouth This is interpreted of our Lord Christ in many Texts of the New Testament as John 1. 45. and Acts 3. 22. and Acts 7. 37. Isai 41. 1. Behold my Servant whom I uphold mine Elect in whom my Soul delighteth I will put my Spirit upon him and he shall bring forth Judgment to the Gentiles This is interpreted of Christ Matth. 12. 17 18. Now that the Holy Ghost or Spirit is only the Power and Inspiration of God at least is not himself God they hold is ascertained by these Considerations 1. The Holy Ghost or Spirit and the Power of God are spoken of as one and the same thing 1 Cor. 2. 4 5. My preaching was not with enticing Words
in and by him performed Works not much less wonderful than was the first Creation And the World knew him not Knew not that the Word abiding on Jesus was that very Divine Word which made both the World and all Men. Ver. 11. He came unto his own i. e. To those whom he had made ver 10. He is to be understood of the Word The Word came in the Person of Christ His own received him not i. e. did not own him for what he indeed was the Divine Word 'T is again repeated to brand the Ingratitude and Stupidity of the Jews of that Age. Ver. 12. Them that believe on his Name On his Name is an Hebrew Phrase as much as to say on him i. e. Them that believed on the Word made Flesh or them that received and owned him for what he indeed was even the Divine Word Ver. 14. And the Word was made Flesh Or For the Word was made Flesh i. e. did abide on and inhabit an humane Person the Person of Jesus Christ and so was in Appearance made Flesh or Man for Flesh is the usual Scripture Phrase for Man Gen. 6. 12. Deut. 5. 26. Jer. 12. 12. Jer. 17. 5. Mark 13. 20. And we beheld his Glory i. e. The Glory of the Man on whom the Word did abide and inhabit in him We beheld his Glory in his many Miracles John 2. 11. Also in his Transfiguration 2. Pet. 1. 17. And on many other occasions The Glory as of the only begotten of the Father i. e. A Glory worthy of the only-begotten of the Father Christ is called the only-begotten on several accounts this especially that he only was begotten by the Divine Power on a Woman Luke 1. 35. Ver. 15. John bare Witness of him saying He was before me i. e. Was before me in Dignity being the only-begotten of God. So Erasmus and Beza as well as Grotius Ver. 18. Which is in the Bosom of the Father i. e. Who is most dear to the Father So the Phrase signifies in other Texts Numb 11. 12. Deut. 13. 6. Hath declared him i. e. hath revealed his Mind and Will to Men. Hitherto for the most part Grotius Briefly The Word according to Grotius is not an eternal Son of God but is here the Power and Wisdom of God which Word abiding without measure on the Lord Christ as it is expresly said Heb. 1. 3. Matth. 28. 18. Col. 2. 3. see the Notes on these Texts 't is therefore spoken of as a Person and as one Person with Christ and he with that This notion of the Word will lead a Man through all the Difficulties of this Chapter with far more ease than any other hitherto offered Besides that it is so well founded as has been shown on ver 1. 't is also as easy and obvious and clears the sense as much as can be expected on a Portion of Scripture that is so obscure and dark and which was designedly written after a mysterious and sublime manner 13. John 2. 19 21. Destroy this Temple and in three Days I will raise it up He spake of the Temple of his Body Answ Christ raised his Body by a Power communicated to Him by the Father and accordingly his being raised is always attributed to the Father not to himself Gal. 1. 1. Paul an Apostle by Jesus Christ and God the Father who raised him from the dead See also Eph. 1. 19 20. 1 Thess 1. 9 10. Had our Lord raised himself by his own proper Power his Resurrection could in no respect be ascribed to the Father 14. John 2. 25. He knew what was in Man. Answ The Knowledg which the Lord Christ had or now in his state of Exaltation hath of the Secrets of Mens Hearts is the pure Gift of and Revelation from God and the Divine Word abiding on him Rev. 1. 1. The Revelation of Jesus Christ which God gave to him to shew unto his Servants John 3. 34. God giveth not the Spirit by measure that is sparingly unto him But see also what they say on Rev. 2. 23. 15. John 3. 13. No Man hath ascended up to Heaven but he that came down from Heaven even the Son of Man which is in Heaven Answ 1. Erasmus Beza Camerarius acknowledg that the Greek should be rendred which was in Heaven Neither so are the Words which was in Heaven an idle Repetition of what went before for it is repeated majoris asseverationis causâ for its greater Confirmation The most learned Orthodox Interpreters understand this ascending into and being in Heaven as also the descending only metaphorically and interpret thus No Man hath ascended up to Heaven No Man hath known the Mind of God our Heavenly Father But he that came down from Heaven i. e. but he that is sent to you as the Messenger of Heaven or of God. Even the Son of Man which is in Heaven i. e. even I whose Meditation and Conversation is in Heaven As St. Paul says of himself Phil. 3. 20. Our Conversation is in Heaven So they interpret the whole Passage of the humane Nature I suppose because our Lord considers and speaks of himself here by the Name only of the Son of Man. But the Socinians do generally understand this Text literally and say that 't is here intimated that before our Lord entred upon his Office of Messias he was taken up to Heaven to be instructed in the Mind and Will of God as Moses was into the Mount Exod. 24. 1 2 12. and from thence descended to execute his Office and declare the said Will of God. The same thing they say is also hinted John 6. 38 46 51 62. John 8. 40. 16. John 3. 18. The only begotten Answ See on John 1. 14. 17. John 5. 19. Whatsoever things He the Father doth those also doth the Son. Answ The Son doth them only by the Spirit or Power of the Father inhabiting in him John 5. 30. I can do nothing of my self John 14. 10. The Father that dwelleth in me He doth the Works Matth. 12. 28. I cast out Devils by the Spirit of God. 18. John 5. 23. That all Men should honour the Son even as they honour the Father Answ The meaning only is as we honour God or the Father so we must not forget to honour also the Son of God because to him the Father hath committed the last Judgment of all Men ver 22. An Equality of Honour is no more intended here than an Equality of Perfection in those words Be ye perfect even as your Father which is in Heaven is perfect Matth. 5. 48. For the sense there is as God is truly perfect so do ye endeavour to be perfect with that Perfection of which your finite Natures are capable 19. John 6. 44. I will raise him up at the last Day Answ The Lord Christ shall raise and change our Bodies by the same Divine Word or Power of God communicated to him and abiding on him by which while he was in this
11. 1 Pet. 1. 12. believed on in the World received with Glory that is entertained in most places with the greatest Respect and Honour Gal. 4. 15. Note that the Gospel is here called a Mystery because it was so long concealed and so late discovered and the Mystery of Godliness from its Effect namely because it disposeth Mens Minds to true Piety and Godliness Note also that it was Macedonius the 2d Patriarch of Constantinople that corrupted this Text by substitution of the word God instead of the word which and for this and other matters he was deposed in an Episcopal Council and banished by the Emperour Anastatius about the Year 512. But 2. Admitting the word God were truly read in the vulgar Copies of the Greek yet if you will make sense you must thus translate and interpret great is the Mystery of Godliness God was manifested by Flesh i. e. God's Nature and Will was manifested by Flesh that is by Man by Jesus Christ and his Apostles to us Gentiles was justiby the Spirit i. e. the same Will and Nature of God was verified by Miracles done by the Spirit or Power of God was seen of Angels was known to the Angels who were very desirous to understand this new Revelation believed on in the World received with Glory or gloriously 22. 1 Tim. 6. 14 15 16. Vntil the appearing of our Lord Jesus Christ which in his time he shall shew who is the blessed and only Potentate whom no Man hath seen nor can see Answ The last Words shew that not the Lord Christ but God is designed in this whole Description 23. 2 Tim. 3. 16. All Scripture is given by Inspiration from God. 2 Pet. 1. 21. Holy Men of God spake as they were moved by the Holy Ghost Answ The Holy Ghost or Spirit being only the Inspiration and Power of God it is truly said that the Scriptures which proceeded from that Inspiration did proceed from God and that those who were acted by that Inspiration were acted by God. 24. Titus 2. 13. Looking for the glorious appearing of the great God and our Saviour Jesus Christ Answ 1. Nothing hinders but that we may believe that not only the Lord Christ but God himself will appear at the last Judgment So that Christ is said to judg the World because he shall pronounce the Decree and Sentence of God and order the Angels to execute it So several of the Fathers understood this Text. 2. But the Truth is the Words in the Greek are thus Looking for the appearing of the Glory of the great God and our Saviour Jesus Christ Where the Glory of the great God is the Pomp Power and Angels that God even the Father will cause to accompany the Lord Christ on that Day Matth. 16. 27. The Son shall appear in the Glory of his Father with his the Fathers Angels 25. Heb. 1. 2. By whom also he made the Worlds Answ Grotius renders the Greek thus For whom he made the Worlds The Author saith Grotius writing to the Hebrews refers to a Maxim received among them that the World was made for the Messias This Translation suits well with what went before whom he hath appointed Heir of all things for what can be more agreeable than that the World should be made for him who is appointed Heir or Lord of it Others render the Words thus By whom he made the Ages understanding hereby the Gospel-Ages or Times 26. Heb. 1. 3. Vpholding all things by the Word of his Power or governing all things by his Powerful Word Answ This is to be understood of God's Word or Power not of Christ's otherways than it was communicated to him by God and did abide on him For the whole Context runs thus Who Christ being the Brightness of his God's Glory and the express Image of his God's Person and upholding in the Greek Governing all things by his God's powerful Word So the sense is Christ upholds the Government and Order of the Church both in Heaven and Earth he governs the Angels and Spirits of Heaven and the Church militant on Earth by the Word i. e. the Power of God given to him without measure See also on John 1. 1 c. 27. Heb. 1. 5. Thou art my Son. Answ See on Psal 2. 7. in the second Letter 28. Heb. 1. 6. Again when he bringeth the first-begotten into the World he saith And let all the Angels of God worship him Answ See on Psal 97. 7. in the second Letter But as to the word First-begotten or First-born it doth not belong to Christ only in all the senses of it Christ is Almighty God's first-begotten or First-born from the dead as was said on Col. 1. 16. but in other respects others also are so called Israel is Gods First-born Exod. 4. 22. and David Psal 89. 26 27. for this Expression in the Hebrew signifies ordinarily no more than the most beloved or much beloved as is apparent from the Texts last cited and from Jer. 31. 9. Heb. 11. 17. 29. Heb. 1. 8. Vnto the Son he saith Thy Throne O God is for ever Answ In the Greek 't is unto the Son he saith God is thy Throne i. e. thy Seat Resting-Place and Establishment for ever So Grotius 30. Heb. 1. 10. And thou Lord in the Beginning hast laid the Foundation of the Earth Answ See on Psal 102. 25. from whence these Words are taken 31. Heb. 2. 14. For as much as the Children are partakers of Flesh and Blood he also himself took part of the same Answ The Socinians do not deny that the Soul of Christ took part in Flesh and Blood that is was incarnate as his Children that is his People were also Partakers in Flesh and Blood. 32. Heb. 2. 16. He took not on him the Nature of Angels but he took on him the Seed of Abraham Answ In the Greek and in the Margin of our Bibles 't is He taketh not hold of Angels i. e. he saved not from Ruin and from utter and final falling into Perdition the Apostate Angels but of the Seed of Abraham he taketh hold i. e. he saveth the Seed of Abraham The Author here mentioneth only the Seed of Abraham because this Epistle was written only to the Hebrews Unless perhaps by the Seed of Abraham he meaneth Abraham's spiritual Seed all the faithful all true Believers 33. Heb. 3. 3 6. He who hath builded the House hath more Honour than the House Christ as a Son over his own House whose House are we Answ The House here is not Mens Bodies but the Church of Christ which under God he is truly said to build partly by himself partly by his Ministers 34. Heb. 4. 15 16. We have not an High-Priest which cannot be touched with the Feeling of our Infirmities but was in all points tempted as we are Let us therefore come boldly unto the Throne of Grace Answ We are encouraged here to pray with Assurance and Faith to God by this Argument or Consideration
that we may know him that is true and we are in him that is true even in his Son Jesus Christ This is the true God. Answ This was a very negligent Translation say the Socinians For whether you interpret him that is true to be God or to be Christ no sense can be made of the Words The latter part of the Text ought to have been thus rendred We are in him that is true i. e. in God by his Son Jesus Christ This is the true God i. e. He whose Son Christ is and in whom we are he and no other is the true God. So that this Text plainly denies that Christ is the true God. When we are said to be in God by Christ the meaning is we are united to God by his Love to us and ours again to him by the Procurement and means of the Lord Christ who hath by his Gospel revealed God to us and by the highest Arguments engaged us to love and serve him 46. Rev. 1. 8. I am Alpha and Omega saith the Lord which is and which was c. Answ This verse speaks of God only not of Christ for at ver 4. and 5. Christ is distinguished from him which is and which was 47. Rev. 1. 11. I am Alpha and Omega the first and the last Answ 1. This part of the verse is not in the Latin nor in any good Greek Bible 2. But admitting the Words it has been said on Isai 44. 6. in the second Letter in what sense these terms may be used of the Lord Christ 48. Rev. 1. 17. I am the first and the last Answ See on Isai 44. 6. 49. Rev. 2. 23. I am he which searchesh the Reins and Heart Every one knows this is an Hebrew and Scripture Phrase signifying I know the most secret Thoughts which is a Property belonging only to God. Answ The Knowledg which the Lord Christ had or hath of any ones secret Thoughts is a Revelation made to him by God as it was also sometimes to former Prophets Rev. 1. 1. The Revelation of Jesus Christ which God gave to him to shew unto his Servants 2 Kings 6. 12. The Prophet that is in Israel telleth the King of Israel the Words that thou speakest in thy Bedchamber 2 Kings 8. 12. I know the Evil that thou wilt do to the Children of Israel Prophets search the Heart that is know the Thoughts and Propensions of the Heart by the Spirit or Inspiration of God in them But the Lord Christ hath a far greater measure of that Spirit than any of the former Prophets ever had 50. Rev. 3. 14. The Beginning of the Creation of God. Answ 1. These Words prove that Christ is not God but a Creature 2. But the Truth is the Greek should have been thus rendred The Prince or chief of the Creation of God. 51. Rev. 5. 5. The Root of David Answ That is a Root springing from David As a Root of the Earth is a Root which springeth from the Earth not on the contrary a Root from which the Earth springeth 52. Rev. 5. 6. I heheld in the midst of the Throne a Lamb as it had been slain having seven Eyes which are the seven Spirits of God sent forth into all the Earth Answ This Text confirms what has been often said namely that the Knowledg which our Lord Christ now hath of Affairs on Earth is partly by means of those ministring Spirits which are sent forth into all the Earth as his Eyes to see and relate the state of things for what other reason can they be here called his Eyes 53. Rev. 5. 8. Having every one of them Vials full of Odors which are the Prayers of the Saints Answ In this Vision the Prayers of the Saints are by the Elders or Presbyters offered to Christ as the Mediator that is with Intention that he should recommend them to God by his Intercession But note also that 't is not here said that these Prayers were at all offer'd to Christ 54. Rev. 17. 4. Lord of Lords and King of Kings Answ Christ is so Lord of Lords as that himself hath one who is not only his Lord but his God. John 20. 17. I ascend to my Father and your Father to my God and your God. 55. Rev. 21. 6. I am Alpha and Omega Answ These Words are spoken by and of God only 56. Rev. 22. 20. Even so come Lord Jesus Answ 'T is a Wish not a Prayer 57. Rev. 22. 21. The Grace of our Lord Jesus Christ be with you Answ In what sense the Grace or Favour of Christ is wished to Christians hath been explained on 1 Cor. 1. 2. and on 2 Cor. 13. 14. Besides these Answers to particular Texts the Socinians say farther in general to all the Quotations out of the New Testament that 1. Whereas they differ from the Church in translating several and in interpreting all the before-cited Texts their Translations and Interpretations ought to be admitted and those of the Church or Trinitarians rejected because that Interpretation of Scripture can never be true which holds forth either a Doctrine or a Consequence that is absurd or contradictory and impossible Is it not say they manifestly contradictory and impossible that there should be three Almighty and most wise Persons and yet but one God when nothing can be more certain or evident than that every Almighty and most wise Person is a God a most perfect God to whom nothing can be added Is it not doubly contradictory and absurd to say there are three Persons who are severally and each of them the true and most high God and yet there is but one true and most high God Unless you mean one thing by a true and most high God in the first clause and another thing in the other clause and if so you introduce two sorts of true and most high Gods which I think all Christians abhor We reject the Doctrine of the Anthropomorphites that God hath humane Parts and Passions though grounded if you regard only the sound of the Words on a great many clear Texts of Scripture as may be seen in Mr. Biddles Catechism because 't is absurd and impossible that he who has humane Parts and Passions and resides in Heaven only should create and preserve the World and should be conscious to Mens Thoughts on Earth What can be more express than this is my Body yet we justly reject the Doctrine of the Transubstantiation because 't is contradictory and impossible that the same Body should at the same time be in more places than one Therefore any other Doctrine that plainly appears to be absurd and contradictory ought also to be rejected how agreeable soever it may seem to the meer Chime and Jingle of the Words of some few Texts We are as Tertullian rightly saith to interpret Scripture not by the sound of Words but the Nature of things Malo saith the Father te ad sensum rei quam ad sonum vocabuli exerceas Turtul