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A56583 The doctrine of baptism and the disinction of the covenants, or, A plain treatise wherein the four essentials of baptism .... are diligently handled as also the business of the two covenants, wherein is proved that the covenant of life is not made to the seed of believers as coming out of their loins, and therefore that the baptism of infants is drawn from thence by a false consequence / by Thomas Patient. Patient, Thomas, d. 1666. 1654 (1654) Wing P718; ESTC R26182 105,019 204

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hear and lest they should not understand who he meant he tells them in the verse before my Text That it was that same Jesus which they had crucified that God had made Lord and Christ Now when they heard this they were pricked in their hearts and said unto Peter and to the rest of the Apostles Men and Brethren what shall we do The benefit of preaching the Gospel Whence observe from the text That preaching and hearing the Gospel preached is a special means to convert Souls as appears when Peter preached and cleerly held forth that he whom they had crucified and slain was now to be Lord and Judge and exalted to that Dignity by God the Father When they heard this they were pricked in their Hearts What is the beginning of true Conversion In the second place We may observe from hence that true conversion begins with a prick in the heart Thirdly They when wrought upon and pricked in their hearts said to Peter and to the rest of the Apostles Men and Brethren what shall we do How they that begin to receive the saving light are affected both towards it them that hold it forth Whence in the third place observe That it is the disposition of such that have the beginning of saving light to desire more and that from them whom God hath spoken to their Souls by Obedience accompanieth true conversion Fourthly That which they do earnestly enquire after is what shall we do which respects obedience they believing Christ to be a Lord as well as a Saviour know that he must be submitted to therefore said they What shall we do Whence we observe That a true converted soul is an obedient Soul In verse 38. the answer of Peter to them is in these words Repent and be baptized every one of you from whence we do observe further All called to Repentance by the Gospel that where the Gospel is preached all men are called to repent Lastly Whosoever believes and repents ought to be baptized That it is the duty of every man that believes and repents to be baptized Now this last observation of the text is that which I shall at present speak to for the satisfaction of such Souls that may at present be doubtfull of this truth and for the confirming such souls as do already believe it Now for the better and more clear speaking to this point in hand I shall explain what this Ordinance of Baptism is And that in four things The Ordinance of Baptism explained which will more cleerly appear if we examine the Commission that Christ gives his Disciples in Mat. 28.19 20. where we find v. 16. that the eleven Disciples were sent by Christ who hath all power in heaven and earth given to him v. 18. v. 19. Christ saith Go ye therefore and teach all Nations baptizing them in the name of the Father Son and Holy Ghost teaching them to observe whatsoever I have commanded you From whence you may observe four things contained in this Commission essential to this Ordinance of Baptism Here is first the Ministery The four Essentials of Baptism secondly the Form thirdly the Name into which and fourthly the Subjects First The Ministers that must dispense this Ordinance and that is preaching Disciples and so in the 16. verse are the eleven denominated then the eleven disciples went away into Galilee and Jesus in verse 18. came and spake unto them saying All power is given unto me in Heaven and Earth Go ye therefore and teach all Nations baptizing them Who a lawful Minister of Baptism Whence you may observe that the persons bid to go are Disciples enabled to teach the doctrine of the Gospel for the conversion of souls to faith and repentance for it is clear That they that are bid to teach are bid to baptize also so that from this Commission I gather that a disciple enabled to bring down God to a soul and to bring a soul again up to God is a lawful Minister of Baptism for that is the tenour of the New Covenant Heb. 8.10 I will be to them a God and they shall be to me a people and I am my beloveds and my beloved is mine Canticles c. 3. so that as God in Christ is to be opened and that in all the fundamental Doctrines of faith for mans salvation so is the souls conformity to God to be preached as the souls duty to God again so that where God hath furnished a Minister with abilities from himself to declare the Doctrine of Faith and Repentance to conversion and having converted that soul is furnished with the knowledge of God to teach to this soul all the fundamental Ordinances according to the Commission which saith Teaching them to observe whatsoever I have commanded you It is without doubt that this is a justifiable Minister sent from the Lord according to the Commission But though a man should be able to preach the doctrine of Faith and that ably for the conversion of souls unto that faith yet being destitute of the true knowledge of the doctrine of Baptism and how it ought to be dispensed to be sure this man is not a justifiable Minister according to the Commission because he is ignorant of his Commission that when he hath converted souls to the faith neither knows how to discover to these men the fundamental Ordinances of God neither can discover to them the evil of those superstitious practices which they have been nursed up in by the Traditions of their Fathers Yet notwithstanding I dare not say but so far as they have a gift they are warranted to administer the same from the first of Peter 4 10. who saith Let every one as he hath received the gift Minister and so it was lawful for any Christian man in that sense to administer such gifts which God hath bestowed on them But sure it is That these that are utterly unacquainted how to dispense the Ordinance of Baptism were never sent of God to dispense it That instead of dipping do sprinkle and instead of the true subject A Beleever dispense it upon a carnal ignorant child and instead of doing it into the Name of Father Son and Holy-Ghost do sprinkle them at the naming of so many words only The true form of Baptism In the second place the true form of Baptism is commanded of the Lord Jesus by way of dipping and as it were by drowning overwhelming or burying in Water and not by sprinkling with water as appears many waies First In that although there be frequent mention made of that appointment of Christ in his last Will and Testament yet it is never expressed in the word that may be rendred Rantism or Sprinkling but by the word that is rendred Baptism or Dipping Secondly In that the word by which it is so frequently expressed doth in proper English signify to Dip to plunge under water and as it were to drown them so
were the first fruits of Achaia and that they were Ministers and addicted themselves to the Ministring unto Saints they did as the Text notes labour and he would have the Church submit themselves unto such therefore they were not babes or little infants but all true Converts believing and penitent persons And in Acts 18.8 for the further clearing of this Matter in hand And Crispus the Chief Ruler of the Synagogue believed on the Lord with all his house and many of the Corinthians believed and were baptized So that you see what a Catalogue of clear examples you have to confirm unto us which way those infallible Apostles both taught and practized according to the great Commission given them by the Authority of Christ from Heaven To preach first the Gospel to every Creature and he that believeth and is baptized should be saved and that they should make disciples through teaching dipping them into the name of the Father Son and Holy Ghost And withall you see both Commands as you have heard and plentiful examples for baptizing believers But not the least colour or shew of any ground for sprinkling of Infants Now by the way let me say what a sad thing therefore is this that such a world of People from Custome and Tradition run headlong after this Idol of mans invention But this Solemn Ordinance which you have heard lies clearly as a Duty under the express Law of Christ to every one that believeth this they sleight and contemn as enemies to the same therefore let such souls know That as Christ is a King So this is one of his great Laws and a fundamental ordinance of the Gospel unto which he calls all believing and penitent persons that are professed subjects to him to be obedient to Now therefore let such tender souls who have the fear of God in them lay this to heart First The Ordinance of baptism long neglected and an Idol set in its room That this Solemn Ordinance for many hundred years hath been neither preached nor practised by abundance of such which in Charity we cannot but judge might have many good things found in them But here lyes that which makes the case sad and lamentable that in the room of this precious Ordinance of God which Christ confirmed by his blood should be set up that Idol of sprinkling of Carnal poor Infants for doubtless if there be an Idol now practised in the world or set up amongst men this must needs be one For I have learned with others of the Saints of God this to be an Idol either the worshipping of a false God or the true God in a false manner which I might largely insist upon to prove from Scripture Now though this be not an Idol of the first kind it is without doubt an Idol of the second It is setting up mans Invention instead of Gods solemn Ordinance which is a sin for which God plagued the people in Levit 10. and 1 2. It is an Image of true Baptism set up in the room of it but not the same and that in all the before mentioned essentials A false Administrator ignorant of the true nature of the Ordinance instead of a true Minister Sprinkling instead of dipping A carnal infant instead of a true believing man or woman And all this done at the naming of so many words only VVhereas the Commission injoins that they should dip them in the name of the Father Son and Holy Ghost So that there is in this christening of Children nothing of Gods appointment or of what he commanded viz. The Minister wrong the Subject wrong the Form wrong and also the naming of so many w●rds only instead of dipping into the name of the Father Son and Holy Ghost VVhereas the Commission injoins the true Minister should dip a Disciple into the name of Father Son and Holy Ghost Now let any Soul seriously judge whether God can own that which hath nothing of his own appointment or Commands but in every particular contrary thereunto But seeing the main thing usually controverted is about the Subject whether Infant or Believer I shall leave what I have said The Papists do hold that the Ordinance of baptism doth convey grace by the very work done which is so generally confuted by all Protestant Authors that I think it not worth my time to speak to that grosse Error concluding the Administration upon Children corrupt in all the three foresaid heads as well as in the last and shall speak of the last only viz. That carnal children are not lawful Subjects of baptism and shall begin to speak to the main Argument or ground usually pleaded by all except Papists for Childrens baptism and that is Though there be no command nor example yet there is a consequence viz. the Covenant of life being made to Believers and their seed comming out of their loins Baptism being an Ordinance of that Covenant doth also belong to them Now I shall endeavour to prove the falseness and erroneousness of this Consequence The Covenant of life not made to the seed of Believers as coming out of their loins therefore the baptism of infants drawn thence by a false consequence That it cannot be of God my first ground is because it doth oppose it self to the express Laws and Commands of the New Testament and whatsoever consequence men do draw from Scripture that crosseth the plain Commands of God to be sure cannot be of God but such consequence must needs be according to Scripture light of Satan or at the best from the vision of a mans own heart Now this I would have you seriously to take notice of That baptism of Believers is a Solemn Ordinance of the new Testament enjoined by divers special commands and incouraged with promises of remission of sins and salvation on the right performance of the same Now for any man to force a Consequence that shall oppose it self against so solemn an ordinance cannot be of God because God cannot speak that which is contrary to himself or to his own commands As for instance When Christ began to teach to his Disciples that the Son of man must suffer many things and be rejected of the Elders and chief Priests and Scribes and be killed and the third day rise He spake that saying openly and Peter took him and began to rebuke him but he rebuked Peter saying Get thee behind me Satan From whence we may observe That whatsoever consequence or Argument any man shall seem to inforce though pretending Scripture for the same that oppose themselves against duty or do hinder the servants of God therein I may say of such Consequences and such Arguments G●t thee behind me Satan thou art an offence unro me It s clear That Christ concludes those Arguments and perswasions whatsoever they be that do tend to the hinderance of any solemn duty or Ordinance of God they are of the Devil Get thee behind me Satan Therefore all those Books and Arguments
over into the River or water to hold forth That now he must resolve to take up the Cross of Christ and suffer and not only so but this being raised and delivered out of the water again by the hands of the Minister doth hold forth that so shall such believing souls be saved and delivered from all their afflictions as in Psal 34.17 Many are the Afflictions of the righteous but God shall deliver them out of all And that this doth sign or signify our salvation appears in 1 Pet. 3.21 the like figure wherunto Baptism doth now save us and Mark 16.16 He that believes and is baptized shall be saved So that Baptism is to sign and confirm signally our Sufferings and Afflictions with Christ so Salvation or Deliverance from them all the one in dipping and plunging him in Water the other in Raising him out again Into whose name Baptism is administred The third thing that is essential in this Ordinance of Baptism which I shall speak to will be what is meant by name of Father Son and Holy Ghost The Command is That the Mininister must dip them into the name of the Father Son and Holy Ghost the which the Lord Jesus commanding must be therefore essential to this Ordinance I shall therefore endeavour to shew you what is meant by name here That by which Father Son and Spirit are made known as a man is by his Name that is hereto be understood by the name Father Son and Holy Ghost we know the Gospel doth hold forth one God yet distinquished into Father Son and Holy Ghost the name here is to be understood that Gospel that doth so set forth God and describe him as the Subject Matter of our Faith Acts 9.15 But the Lord said unto Ananias Go thy way for he is a chosen Vessel unto me to bear my name before the Gentiles and Kings and Children of Israel for I will shew him how great things he must suffer for my names sake Now Name in this place and in the Commission is to be understood that heavenly mystery of the Gospel in which God is discovered and made known as a man by his name One part of the Gospel mystery consists of a Discovery of the name of the Father by which he is distinquishably made known from the Son and Spirit and that in these particulars First In ordaining the Son 1 Pet. 1.18 in choosing and electing the Son Isaiah 28.16 with 1 Pet. 2.5 in sending the Son Gal. 4.4 John 3.16 17 in sealing the Son John 6.27 in promising the Son Isaiah 9.6 in bruising the Son and putting him to grief Isaiah 53. and laying all our iniquities upon the Son and to justify and freely accept such as believe in the Son This I understand is the Name of the Father And by the Sons Name is to be understood that by which he makes known himself to the Sons and Daughters of men as to take Flesh Heb. 2.14 Rom. 9.5 1.3 He kept the Law in order to dy As that just one or as a Lamb without spot and his making his Soul an offering for sin as a perfect offering for the sins and transgressions of his people Heb. 10.12 14. Isa 53. and that he did not only dy for our Sins but rose again for our Justification Rom. 4.25 and ascended into Heaven and makes intercession for us Heb. 2.25 And pours down the Spirit and gives gifts unto men Zach. 12.10 Ephes 4.10 11 12. all this the Son makes himself known by as by a name distinguishably from the Father and the Spirit And in the last place the Spirit is made known in the Gospel as that which in the first place convinceth the world of sin John 16.8 and pricks men in their hearts with a sense of sin and the wrath of God due for sin Acts 2.37 29. And the work of the Spirit by which that is made known Is the revealing of the Father and the Son and those great Mysteries unto the soul of a poor convicted Sinner for as Christ saith the Spirit of God shall lead you into all truth it shall take of mine and shew it to you John 16. and so no man doth understand the things of a man but the Spirit of a man that is within him So none shall or can understand the things of God but by the Spirit of God for the Spirit of God searcheth out all things even the deep things of God 1 Cor. 2.9 10. The Spirit doth not only discover mans misery and his lost estate by reason of sin but discovers a remedy which lies in the great love of God in Christ as before mentioned and worketh in the heart true faith and repentance disposing the heart to obedience This is the proper work or office of the Spirit by which he is distinguishably known from the Father and the Son And now when the Soul shall come to the Preacher and make known to him that the Spirit hath experimentally made known unto him his lost and damnable estate by sin and that he same Spirit hath discovered unto him the great love of God the Father in the gift of Christ to be a propitiation for sin as one dying for the chief of Sinners and that the Spirit of God hath made known all this to him and hath wrought faith in his heart to believe it and hath changed his heart from a Course of sin to renewed obedience for no soul can declare to a Minister the true work of Conversion but he must in so doing discover his knowledge of the work of the Father Son and Spirit and into this doth the Minister baptize him as in the name of the Father Son and Holy Ghost And thus much for these three particulars In the fourth place The sub●ect of Baptism we shall now come to the Subject that must be baptized and that as you have heard is one that is taught Teach all Nations baptizing them and as my Text saith Repent and be baptized every one of you which doth hold forth the person baptized to be a taught and repentant person But seeing the main thing in question hath alwaies seemed to be the Subject of Baptism who it is that is to be baptized this I shall therefore most insist upon wherein I shall endeavour to make plain to you first as I say that he is to be a believer a penitent person as appears Mark 16.16 Go preach the Gospel to every Creature he that believeth and is baptized shall be saved where observe That believing the Gospel is to go before baptizing and Matthew 28.19 Teach all Nations Faith and Repentance go before baptism baptizing or dipping them What them them that are taught or made Disciples by teaching and in my Text you find that Peter after Christ had poured down the Spirit upon them doth by that authority received from heaven when he had converted those Jews command every one of them to be baptized or dipped Repent and be baptized