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A05339 Noua Francia: or The description of that part of Nevv France, which is one continent with Virginia Described in the three late voyages and plantation made by Monsieur de Monts, Monsieur du Pont-Graué, and Monsieur de Poutrincourt, into the countries called by the Frenchmen La Cadie, lying to the southwest of Cape Breton. Together with an excellent seuerall treatie of all the commodities of the said countries, and maners of the naturall inhabitants of the same. Translated out of French into English by P.E.; Histoire de la Nouvelle France. English. Selections Lescarbot, Marc.; Erondelle, Pierre, fl. 1586-1609. 1609 (1609) STC 15491; ESTC S109397 246,659 330

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and that they haue no power but that which God hath giuen them That we beleeue in that great God who by his goodnesse did send vnto vs his dearely beloued Son who being conceiued by the Holy Ghost tooke humane flesh within the virgin wombe of the Virgin Mary hauing been 33. yeeres on earth working infinit miracles raising vp the dead healing the sicke driuing out Diuels giuing sight to the blinde shewing vnto men the wil of God his Father for to serue honour and worship him hath spilled his bloud and suffered death and passion for vs and for our sinnes and redeemed mankind being buried and risen againe went downe into hell and ascended vp into Heauen where he sitteth at the right hand of God his father That this was the beleefe of all Christians which doe beleeue in the Father in the Sonne and in the holy Ghost which be not for all that three Gods but are one selfesame and one onely God and one Trinity wherein there is nothing before nor after nothing greater nor lesser That the Virgin Mary Mother to the Sonne of God and all men and women that haue liued in this world doing Gods commandements and suffered Martyrdome for his name and who by the permission of God haue wrought miracles and are Saints in Heauen in his Paradise pray all for vs vnto this great diuine Maiestie to pardon vs our faults and sinnes which we do against his law and commandements And so by the Saints praiers in Heauen and by our owne that we make to his diuine Maiestie he giueth vs what we haue need of and the Diuell hath no power ouer vs and can doe vs no hurt That if they had this beleefe they should be eue as we are That the Diuell should not be able to doe them any more harme and they should not want what should be needfull for them Then the said Sagamo said vnto mee that he granted all that I said I demanded of him what ceremony they vsed in praying to their God he told me that they vsed no other ceremony but that euery one did pray in his heart as he would This is the cause why I beleeue there is no law among them neither doe they know what it is to worship or pray to God and liue the most part as brute beasts And I beleeue that in short time they might be brought to be good Christians if one would inhabit their land which most of them doe desire They haue among them some Sauages whom they call Pilotoua who speake visibly to the Diuell and he telleth them what they must doe as well for warres as for other things And if he should command them to goe and put any enterprise in execution or to kill a French man or any other of their nation they will immediately obey to his command They beleeue also that all their dreames are true and indeed there be many of them which doe say that they haue seene and dreamed things that doe happen or shall come to passe but to speake thereof in truth they be visions of the Diuell who doth deceiue and seduce them So farre Monsieur Champleins report As for our Souriquois and other their neighbours I can say nothing else but that they are destitute of all knowledge of God haue no Adoration neither doe they make any diuine seruice liuing in a pitifull ignorance which ought to touch the hearts both of Christian Princes and Prelates who very often doe employ vpon friuolous things that which would be more than sufficient to establish there many Colonies which would beare their names about whom these poore people would flocke and assemble themselues I do not say they should goe thither in Person for their presence is heere more necessary and besides euery one is not fit for the Sea but there are so many persons well disposed that would imploy themselues on that if they had the meanes They then that may doe it are altogether vnexcusable Our present age is fallen as one might say into an Astorgie wanting both loue and Christian charity and retaine almost nothing of that fire which kindled our Fathers either in the time of our first Kings or in the time of the Croisades for the holy land yea contrariwise if any venture his life and that little meanes he hath vpon this generous Christian worke the most part doe mocke him for it like to the Salamandre which doth not liue in the middest of flames as some doe imagine but is of so cold a nature that shee killeth them by her coldnesse Euery one would runne after treasures and would carry them away without paines taking and afterward to liue frolike but they come too late for it and they should haue enough if they did beleeue as is meet to doe in him that hath said Seeke first the kingdome of God and all these things shall be giuen vnto you ouer and aboue Let vs returne to our Sauages for whose conuersion it resteth vnto vs to pray to God that it will please him to open the meanes to make a plentifull haruest to the further manifestation of the Gospell for ours and generally all those people euen as farre as Florida inclusiuely are very easie to be brought to the Christian religion according as I may coniecture of them which I haue not seene by the discourse of Histories But I finde that there shall be more facility in them of the neerer lands as from Cap-Breton to Malebarre because they haue not any shew of religion for I call not religion vnlesse there be some Latria and diuine seruice nor tillage of ground at least as farre as Chouakoet which is the chiefest thing that may draw men to beleeue as one would by reason-that out from the Earth commeth all that which is necessarie for the life after the generall vse we haue of the other Elements Our life hath chiefely need of meat drinke and clothing These people as one may say haue nothing of all that for it is not to be called couered to be alwaies wandring and lodged vnder foure stakes and to haue a skinne vpon their backe neither doe I call eating and liuing to eat all at once and starue the next day not prouiding for the next day Whosoeuer then shall giue bread and clothing to this people the same shall be as it were their God they will beleeue all that he shall say to them Euen as the Patriarch Iacob did promise to serue God if he would giue him bread to eat and garments to couer him God hath no name for all that wee can say cannot comprehend him But we call him God because hee giueth And man in giuing may by resemblance be called God Cause saith S. Gregorie Nazianzene that thou beest a God towards the needie in imitating Gods mercifulnesse For man hath nothing so diuine in him as benefits The heathen haue knowen this and amongst others Pliny when he saith that it is a great
which I haue said a little before in these words which are not heere laied downe in the former Booke This said people saith he hath not any beleefe of God that may be esteemed for they beleeue in one whom they call Cudoüagni and say that he often speaketh to them and telleth them what weather shall fall out They say that when he is angry with them hee casteth dust in their eies They beleeue also that when they die they goe vp into the starres and afterwards they goe into faire greenefields full of faire trees flowers and rare fruits After they had made vs to vnderstand these things wee shewed them their error and that their Cudoüagni is an euill Spirit that deceiueth them and that there is but one God which is in Heauen who doth giue vnto vs all and is Creator of all things and that in him we must onely beleeue and that they must be baptised or goe into hell And many other things of our faith were shewed them which they easily beleeued and called their Cudoüagni Agoiuda So that many times they requested our Captaine to cause them to be baptized and the said Lord that is to say Donnacona Taiguragni Domagaia with all the people of their towne came thither for that purpose but because we knew not their intent and desire and that there was no body to instruct them in the faith wee excused our selues to them for that time and bad Taiguragni and Domagaia to make them vnderstand that we would returne another voyage and would bring Priests with vs and Chréme telling them for an excuse that one cannot be baptized without the said Chréme which they did beleeue And they were very glad of the promise which the Captaine made them to returne and thanked them for it Monsieur Champlein hauing of late made the same voyage which the Captaine Iames Quartier had made did discourse with Sauages that be yet liuing and reporteth the speeches that were betweene him and certaine of their Sagamos concerning their beleefe in spirituall and heauenly things which I haue thought good being incident to this matter to insert heere his words are these The most part of them be people without law according as I could see and informe my selfe by the said great Sagamos who told mee that they verily beleeue there is one God who hath created all things And then I asked him seeing that they beleeue in one onely God by what meanes did hee place them in this world and from whence they were come He answered mee that after God had made all things he tooke a number of arrowes and did sticke them into the ground from whence men and women sprung vp which haue multiplied in the world vntill now and that mankinde grew by that meanes I answered him that what he said was false But that indeed there was one onely God who had created all things both in Heauen and Earth Seeing all these things so perfect and being no body that did gouerne in this world he tooke slime out of the Earth and created thereof our first father Adam And while he did sleepe God tooke one of his ribes and formed Euah thereof whom hee gaue to him for company and that this was the truth that both they and we were made by this meanes and not of arrowes as they did beleeue He said nothing more to me but that he allowed better of my speech than of his owne I asked him also if he beleeued not that there were any other but one onely God He said vnto me that their beleefe was There was one onely God one Sonne one Mother and the Sunne which were foure Notwithstanding that God was ouer and aboue all but that the Sonne was good and the Sunne by reason of the good which they receiued of them As for the Mother shee was naught and did eat them and that the Father was not very good I shewed him his error according to our faith whereunto he gaue some credit I demanded of him if they neuer saw nor heard their ancestors say that God was come into the world He told me hee had not seene him but that anciently there were fiue men who trauelling towards the setting of the Sunne met with God who demanded of them Whither go yee They answered We goe to seeke for our liuing God answered them You shall finde it heere But they passed further not making any account of that which God had said vnto them who tooke a stone and therewith touched two of them who were turned into stones And he said againe to the three others Whither goe yee and they answered as at the first time and God said vnto them a gaine Passe no further you shall finde it heere and seeing that they found no food they passed further And God tooke two staues and touched therewith the two formost who were transformed into staues But the fift man staied and would passe no further And God asked him againe Whither goest thou Who made answer I go to seeke for my liuing and God told him Tarry and thou shalt finde it and he staied without passing any further And God gaue him meat and he did eat of it and after he had made good cheare he returned among the other Sauages and told them all that you haue heard He also told me that at another time there was a man who had store of Tabacco which is an hearbe the smoke whereof they take and that God came to this man and asked him where his pipe was The man tooke his Tabacco pipe and gaue it to God who dranke very much Tabacco After he had taken well of it God brake the said Tabacco-pipe into many peeces and the man asked him Why hast thou broken my Tabacco-pipe and thou seest well that I haue none other And God tooke one which he had and gaue it him saying vnto him Lo heere is one which I giue to thee carry it to thy great Sagamo let him keepe it and if he keepe it wel he shall not want any thing nor any of his companions The said man tooke the Tabacco-pipe which he gaue to his great Sagamo who whilest he had it the Sauages wanted for nothing in the world But that since the said Sagamo had lost this Tabacco-pipe which is the cause of the great famine which sometimes they haue among them I demanded of him whether he did beleeue all that he told me yes that it was true Now I beleeue that that is the cause why they say that God is not very good But I replied and said vnto him that God was all good and that without doubt it was the Diuell that had shewed himselfe to those men and that if they did beleeue in God as we doe they should want nothing that should be needfull for them That the Sunne which they saw the Moone and the Starres were created by the same great God who hath made both Heauen and Earth
said Mill from the time that it is sowed vntill it be ready to be reaped is not aboue three monthes in the ground The six other monthes they suffer the ground to rest They also gather faire Pompians and very good beanes They doe not dung their land onely when they will sow they set the weeds on fire which are growen during the six monthes and burne them all They till their land with an Instrument of wood which is made like to a broad pickaxe wherewith they digg their vines in France They put two graines of mill together When the lands are to be sowed the king commandeth one of his men to call his subiects together euery day to come to labour during the which the king causeth great store of that drinke whereof we haue spoken to bee made In the season that the Corne is gathered it is all carried into the common store-house where it is distributed to euery one according to his qualitie They sowe but so much as they thinke will serue them for six moneths and that very hardly for during the winter they retire themselues three or foure moneths of the yeere into the woods where they make little houses of Palme leaues to lodge themselues in and there doe liue of acornes of fish which they take of oysters of Stagges Turkie hennes and other beasts that they take And seeing they haue townes and houses or Cibanes I may yet well put this among their exercises As for the Towns they be multitudes of Cabins made somwhat Piramide wise others in forme of a cottage others like garden bowres compast as it were with high pales of trees ioined one neere the other euen as I haue set out the town of Hochelaga in my mappe of the great riuer of Canada Furthermore one must not maruel of this shape of a town which might seeme simple seeing that the fairest townes of Moscouie haue no better inclosure The ancient Lacedemonians would haue no other walles then their courage and valour Before the generall sloud Cain did builde a town which he named Henoch I beleeue it was no otherwise made then those of our Sauages but he did feele the wrath of God which pursued him and had lost all assurance Men had but Cabins and Pauillions and as it is written of Iabal the sonne of Hada that he was the father of the dwellers in Tabernacles and of Shepheards After the floud they builded the tower of Babel but this was folly Tacitus writing of the maners of the Germans saith that in his time they had not any vse neither of lime nor stones The English Britons much lesse Our Gaullois were then from many ages before come to ciuility But yet were they along time in the beginning without any other habitations than Cabins and the first Gaullois king that built townes and houses was Magus who succeded his father the wise Samothes three hundred yeeres after the floud eight yeeres after the natiuitie of Abraham and the one and fiftie yeere of the raigne of Ninus as Berosius the Chaldean doth say And although they had buildings they lay notwithstanding on the ground vpon skinnes like to our Sauages And as in the ancient times the names were giuen which contained the qualities and acts of persons Magus was so called because hee was the first builder For in the Scythian and Armenian language from whence our Gaullois came shortly after the floud and in the ancient Gaullois toong Magus signifieth a builder saith the same Author and so hath Iohn Annius of Viterbe very well marked from whence came our names of the Townes of Rothomagus Neomagus Nouiomagus So likewise Samothes signifieth wise and the old Gaullois Philosophers were before the Druides called Samotheans as Diogenes Laertius reporteth who confesseth that Philosophie did begin from them whom the Greeke vanitie did call Barbarous I will adde heere for an exercise of our Sauages their play at hazard whereunto they are so addicted that sometimes they play out all that they haue And Iames Quartier writeth the same of them of Canada in the time that hee was there I haue seene a kind of game that they haue but not thinking then to write this treatie I tooke no heede to it They put some number of beanes coloured and painted of the one side in a platter and hauing stretched out a skinne on the ground they play there vpon striking with the dish vpon this skinne and by that meanes the beanes doe skippe in the aire and doe not all fall on that parte that they be coloured and in that consisteth the chance and hazard and according to their chance they haue a certaine number of quils made of rushes which they distribute to him that winneth for to keepe the reckoning CHAP. XVIII Of the Womens exercises THe woman was giuen in the beginning vnto Man not onely for to aide and assist him but also to be the store house of generation Their first exercise then that I will attribute vnto her after that she is married is to bring foorth goodly children and to assist her husband in this worke for this is the end of marriage And therfore is she very wel and fitly called in hebrew 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 that is to say pierced because it is meete that she be pierced if shee will imitate our common mother the Earth which in the Spring time desirous to bring forth openeth her bosome for to receaue the raine and dewes which the heauen powreth vpon her Now I find that this exercise shal be requisite for them that will inhabite New France to bring foorth there store of creatures which shall sing the praises of God There is land enough to nourish them so that they be willing to worke and their condition shall not be so miserable as it is with many in these partes which doe seeke to emploie themselues and doe not find wherein and albeit they find it yet very often is their labour vnrewarded and vnfruitfull But in that countrie he that will take pleasure and as it were sport himselfe with sweete labour he shall be assured to liue out of bondage and that his children shall yet be in better state then himselfe was The first exercise then of the woman is to worke in generation which is a labour so faire and so meritorious that the great Apostle S. Paul to consolate them in the paines they take in that labour hath said that the woman shall be saued through bearing of children if they remaine in faith and loue and holinesse with modesty That is to say If she instruct them in such sort that the godlinesse of the mother may be knowen by the good institution of the children This first and chiefest article being mentioned let vs come to the others Our Sauage women after they haue brought foorth the fruite of this exercise by I know not what practise doe obserue without law that which was commanded in the
them before they goe to bed and so doe leaue them naked They vse also humanity and mercy towards their enemies wiues and little children whose liues they spare but they remaine their prisoners for to serue them according to the ancient right of seruitude brought in amongst all the nations of the other world against the naturall liberty But as for the men of defence they spare none but kill as many of them as they can catch As for iustice they haue not any Law neither deuine nor humane but that which Nature teacheth them that one must not offend another So haue they quarels very seldome And if any such thing doe chance to happen the Sagamos quieteth all and doth iustice to him that is offended giuing some bastanadoes to the wrong doer or condemning him to make some presents to the other for to pacifie him which is some forme of dominion If it be one of their prisoners that hath offended he is in danger to goe to the pot For after he is killed no body will reuenge his death The same consideration is in these parts of the world There is no account made of a mans life that hath no support One day there was an Armouchiquois woman prisoner who had caused a country-man of hers prisoner to escape away to the end to trauel and passe on the way she had stollen from Membertous cabin a tinder-box for without that they can doe nothing and a hatchet Which being come to the knowledge of the Sauages they would not proceed on the execution thereof neere vnto vs but they went to Cabin themselues fower or fiue leagues from Port Royall where she was killed And because she was a woman our Sauages wiues and daughters did execute her Kinibech-coech a yong maide of eighteene yeares of age faire and well spotted with colours gaue her the first stroake in the throat which was with a knife An other maide of the same age handsome enough called Metembroech followed on and the daughter of Membertou which we called Membertou-ech-coech made an end We reprooued them sharpely for this cruelty whereof they were all ashamed and durst not shew themselues any more This is their forme of Iustice Another time a man and a women prisoners went cleane away without tinder-box or any prouision of meat Which was hard to be performed as well for the great distance of way which was aboue 300. leagues by land because it behooued them to goe secretly and to take heed from meeting with any Sauages Neuerthelesse those poore soules pulled off the barke of certaine trees and made a little boat with the barke of them wherein they crossed the Bay Françoise and got to the other shoare ouer against Port Royall shortning their way aboue one hundred and fifty leagues and got home into their Country of the Armouchiquois I haue said in some place that they are not laborious but in hunting and fishing louing also the labour taken by sea sloathfull at all other painefull exercise as in the manuring of the ground and in our mechanicall trades also to grinde Corne for their owne vse For sometimes they will rather seeth it in graines then to grinde it by handy strength Yet notwithstanding they will not be vnprofitable For there will be some meanes to employ them to that whereunto they be inclined by nature without forcing it as heeretofore did the Lacedemonians to the yongue men of their Common-wealth As for the children hauing yet taken no byas it will be easier to keepe them at home and to employ them in those things that shall be thought fit Howsoeuer it be hunting is no bad thing nor fishing neither Let vs see then how they behaue themselues therein CHAP. XXI Of their Hunting GOd before sin gaue for food vnto man euery hearbe bearing seed vpon all the earth and euery tree wherein is the fruit of a tree bearing seed without making mention of the spilling of the bloud of beasts And notwithstanding after the banishment from the Garden of pleasure the labour ordained for the punishment of the said sinne required a stronger and more substantiall food then the former so man full of carnallity accustomed himselfe to feed vpon flesh and did tame certaine number of beasts for to serue him to that effect though some would say that before the floud no flesh was eaten for in vaine had Abel been a shepheard and Iabel father of shephards But after the floud God renewing his couenant with man The feare and dread of you saith the Lord shall be vpon euery beast of the Earth and vpon euery fowle of the Heauen with all that mooueth on the earth and vpon all the fishes of the Sea they are giuen into your hands all that mooueth hauing life shall he vnto you for meat Vpon this priuiledge is formed the right of hunting the noblest right of all rights that be in the vse of man seeing that God is the Authour of it And therefore no maruell if kings and their Nobilitie haue reserued it vnto them by a wel concluding reason that if they command vnto men with farre better reason may they command vnto beasts And if they haue the administration of Iustice to Iudge malefactors to ouercome Rebels and to bring to humane societie wild and Sauage men with farre better reason shall they haue it for to doe the same towards the creatures of the aire of the forrests and of the fields As for them of the sea wee will speake of them in another place And seeing that kings haue beene in the beginning chosen by the people for to keep defend them from their enemies whilst that they are at their necessary works and to make warre as much as need is for the reparation of iniury and recouery of that which hath been wrongfully vsurped or taken away it is very reasonable and decent that as well them as the nobility that doe assist and serue them in those things haue the exercise of hunting which is an Image of warre to the end to rowse vp the mind and to be alwaies nimble ready to take horse for to goe to encounter with the enemy to ly in ambush to assaile him to chase him to trample him vnder feete There is another and first aime in hunting it is the food of Man whereunto it is destinated as is knowen by the place of Scripture afore alleadged yea I say so destinated that in the holy language it is but one and the selfe same word 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 for to signifie hunting or venison meat As among a hundred places this of the one hundred thirtie two Psalme Where our God hauing chosen Sion for his habitation and perpetuall rest promiseth vnto her that he will aboundantly blesse her victuals and will satisfie her poore with bread Vpon which place Saint Hierome tearmeth Venison that which the other translators doe call Victuals better to the purpose then Widow in the
Royall be Oakes Elmes ashes Birch very good for Ioiners-worke Mapels Sicomores Pine-trees Firre-trees White-thornes Hazell-trees Willowes Bay-trees and some others besides which I haue not yet marked There is in certaine places store of Strawberries and Raspises Item in the wooddes small fruit blew and redde I haue seene there small Peares very delicate and in the meddowes all the winter long there be certaine smal fruits like to small apples coloured with redde whereof wee made Marmelade for to eate after meat There bestore of Gooseberries like vnto ours but they grow redde Item those other smal roūd gooseberries which we do cal Guedres And Peason in great quantitie along the sea shoares the leaues whereof we tooke in Spring time and put among our old Peason and so it did seeme vnto vs that we did eate greene Peason Beyond the said Baie Françoise that is to say in the riuer S. Iohn and Saint Croix there is store of Cedar trees besides those trees that I haue named As for them of the great riuer of Canada they haue beene specified in the second booke in the relation of the voyages of captaine Iames Quartier of Monsieur Champlein Those of Florida be Pyne trees which beare no kernels in the fruits that they produce Oakes Wall-nut trees blacke Cherrie trees Lentiskes Chest-nut trees which be not naturall as in France Cedar trees Cypres trees Palme trees Holy trees and Wilde vines which climbe vp to the trees and bring foorth good grapes There is a kind of Medlers the fruit whereof is better and bigger then that of France there are also Plumbe trees which beare a very faire fruit but not very good Raspises A small graine which we call with vs bleues blewes which are very good to bee eaten Item roots which they call Hassez whereof in their neede they make bread The prouince of Brasill hath taken her name as wee thinke of a certaine tree which we call Bresill and the Sauages of the countrie Arabouton it is high and as bigge as our Oakes and hath the leafe like to the Box leafe Our French men and others doe goe into that countrie for to lade their shippes with it The fire of it is almost without smoake But hee that would thinke to whiten his linnen with the ashes of that wood would farre deceiue himselfe For he should finde it died in redde They haue also Palme trees of sundry sorts And trees the wood whereof of some is yellow and others violet They haue also some that haue the sent of Roses and others stinking whose fruits are dangerous to be eaten Item a kinde of Guayac which they name Hinouraé which they vse for to cure a disease called among them Pians as dangerous as the Pox. The tree which beareth the fruit that wee call the Indian Nut is called among them Sabaucaië They haue also Cotten trees of the fruit whereof they make beds which they hang betweene two forks or posts This countrie is happie in many other sorts of fruit trees as Orenge trees Citron trees Leamon trees and others alwaies greene whereby the losse of that countrie where the Frenchmen had begun to inhabite is so much the more greeuous vnto them that loue the welfare of France For it is more than euident that the dwelling is there more pleasant and delightfull then the land of Canada for the temperature of the aire True it is that the voiages thither are long as of fower and fiue moneths that in performing of them somtimes wants must be endured as may be seene by the voiages made thither in the time of Ville-gagnon But to New France where we were when one beginneth his voiage in due season the voiages are but of three weeks or a moneth which is but a small time If the sweetnesse and delicacies be not there such as they are in Perou one must not say therefore that the countrie is nothing woorth It is much that one may liue there inrest ioyfully without taking care for superfluous things The couetuousnesse of men hath caused that no countrie is thought good vnlesse there be Mines of gold in it And sots as they be they doe not consider that the country of France is now vnfurnished of the same And Germany also whereof Tacitus said that he knew not whether the gods in their anger or in their fauour had denied gold and siluer to that Prouince They doe not see that all the Indians haue not any vse of siluer and liue more contentedly then we If we call them fooles they may say as much of vs and peraduenture with better reason They know not that God promising to his people a happy land he saith that it shall be a land of Corne of Barly of Vines of Fig-trees of Oliue-trees and of Hony where they shal eat their bread without scarcity c. And for all mettels he giueth them but Iron and Copper least that gold and siluer make them to lift vp their heart and forget their God And he will not that when they shall haue kings they should hoord vp much gold or siluer They doe not consider that Mines be the Church-yards of men That the Spaniard hath consumed therein aboue ten millions of poore Indian Sauages instead of instructing them in the Christian faith That there be Mines in Italy but that the ancients would not giue leaue to worke in them for the preseruation of the people That in the Mines is a thicke aire grosse and infernall where one neuer knoweth when it is day or night That to doe such things is to seeke to dispossesse the diuell of his kingdome That it is a thing vnworthy to a man to bury himselfe in the entrailes of the earth to seeke out for hell and miserably to abase himselfe vnder all vncleane creatures He to whom God hath giuen an vpright forme and his face looking vpward for to behold the Heauen and to sing praises vnto him That in Countries where Mines be the land is barren That we doe not eat neither gold nor siluer and that the same of it selfe doth not keepe vs warme in Winter That he which hath Corne in his Barne Wine in his seller Cattell in his Medowes and afterwards Codde-fish and Beuers is more assured to haue gold and siluer then he which hath Mines to finde victuals And neuerthelesse there be Mines in New France as we haue mentioned elsewhere But that is not the first thing that one must seeke for men doe not liue with opinion onely And this consisteth but in opinion nor the precious stones neither which are fooles bables wherin one is most often deceiued so well art can counterfeit nature witnesse him that did sell some fiue or six yeeres since vessels for fine Emerald and had made himselfe rich by the folly of others if he could haue plaied his part aright Now without making shew of any Mines profit may be made in New France of