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A08276 A commentarie or exposition vpon the first chapter of the prophecy of Amos delivered in xxi. sermons in the parish church of Meisey Hampton in the diocesse of Gloucester, by Sebastian Benefield ... Hereunto is added a sermon vpon 1. Cor. 9.19. wherein is touched the lawfull vse of things indifferent. Benefield, Sebastian, 1559-1630. 1613 (1613) STC 1861; ESTC S101601 198,690 274

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the honour of this city they that were aliue whē Ierusalem flourished to haue q Psal 48 1● numbred her towers to haue considered her walles to haue marked her bulwarks and to haue told their posterity of it might haue made a report scarsly to haue beene beleeued This we knowe by Psal 48.4 5. When the Kings of the earth were gathered together and saw it they marvelled they were astonied and suddainely driven backe Thus is Ierusalem taken literally It is also taken spiritually for the Church either militant here on earth or Triumphant in heaven For the Church Militant Psal 128.5 Thou shalt see the wealth of Ierusalem all thy life long And for the Church Triumphant Gal. 4.26 Ierusalem which is aboue is free The Catholique Church Militant and Triumphant is called Ierusalem because Ierusalem was a type thereof Ierusalem was a type of the Catholike Church in sundry respects 1 God did choose Ierusalem aboue al other places of the earth to r Psal 132.13 Psal 135.21 dwell in So the Catholike Church the companie of the predestinate God hath chosen to be a peculiar people vnto himselfe 2 Ierusalem is a city ſ Ps 122.3 compact in it selfe by reason of the bond of loue and order among the Citizens So the faithfull the members of the Catholike Church are linked together by the bond of one Spirit 3 Ierusalem was the place of Gods sanctuarie the place of his presence and worship where the promise of the seed of the woman was preserved till the comming of the Messias Now the Catholike Church is in the roome thereof In the Catholike Church we must seeke the presence of God the word of life 4 In Ierusalem was the t Psal 122.5 throne of David So in the Catholike Church is the throne and scepter of CHRIST figured by the Kingdome of David 5 The commendation of Ierusalem was the subiection obedience of her citizens The Catholike Church hath her citizens too Eph. 2.19 and they doe yeeld voluntarie obedience and subiection to Christ their King 6 In Ierusalem the names of the citizens were inrolled in a register So the names of all the members of the Catholike Church are inrolled in the booke of life Revel 20.15 You see now what Ierusalem is literally and what spiritually Literally it is that much honoured City in Iudea the u Ps 46.4 City of God even the sanctuary of the tabernacle of the most High Spiritually it is the holy Church of Christ either his Church Militant on earth or his Church Triumphant in Heaven Now the Ierusalem in my text from whence the LORD is said to vtter his voice is either Ierusalem in the literall or Ierusalem in the spirituall vnderstanding it is either Ierusalem the mother city of Iudea or Ierusalem the Church of Christ Militant vpon earth or Ierusalem aboue the most proper place of Gods residence So that Ierusalem here is the same with Sion an exposition of Sion The LORD shall roare from Sion that is in other words The LORD shall vtter his voice from Ierusalem Marke I beseech you beloved in the LORD The LORD shall roare not from Dan and Bethel where Ieroboams calues were worshipped but from Sion the mountaine of his holines and hee shall vtter his voice not from Samaria drunken with Idolatrie but from Ierusalem the x Zach. 8.3 city of truth wherein the puritie of Gods worship did gloriously shine Wee may take from hence this lesson Sion and Ierusalem are to be frequented that thence hearing God speake vnto vs we may learne what his holy will is To speake more plainely This is the lesson which I commend vnto you The place where God is served and the exercises of his religion are practised must be carefully frequented That I may the more easily perswade you to come vnto and to frequent this place this house of God his holy Church and Temple I bring you a guid This guid is a King and leads you the way the blessed King David I beseech you marke his affection Psal 84.1 O LORD of hoasts how amiable are thy tabernacles My soule longeth yea fainteth for thy courts Mark his loue Psa 26.8 O LORD I haue loued the habitation of thine house and the place where thine honour dwelleth Marke the earnestnes of his zeale Psal 42.1.2 As the Hart brayeth for the rivers of water so panteth my soule after thee O God My soule thirsteth for God even for the living God when shall I come and appeare before the presence of God Let this holy King King David be that patterne of your imitation Beloued you must haue an earnest loue and desire to serue God in the assembly of his Saints you must much esteeme of the publike exercise of religion It is Gods effectuall instrumēt and meane to nourish and beg●t you to the hope of a better life In what case then are you when you absent your selues from this and the like holy assemblies when either you come hither carelesly or else do gracelesly contemne this place Here is Sion here is Ierusalem here God speaketh to you in the language of Canaan and here may you speake to him againe with your owne mouthes It is every mans duty the dutie of everyone that loues God to come vnto Gods house his house of prayer In this respect thus saith the LORD Esay 56.7 Mine house shall bee called the house of prayer for all people For all people there is no difference betweene the y Galat. 3.28 Iew and the Grecian betweene the bond the free betweene the male and the female for our LORD who is LORD over all z Rom. 10.12 is rich vnto all that call vpon him Mine house shall be called an house of prayer for all people To imprint this sentence in your heartes it is repeated vnto you Mat. 21.13 Where Iesus Christ to the mony changers doue-sellers whom he found in the Temple vseth this speech It is written mine house shall be called an house of prayer but yee haue made it a den of theeues Iunius his note vpon the place is good Qui domo Dei non vtitur ad orationis domum is eò devenit vt speluncam latron●m efficiat cam Whosoever vseth not the house of God for a house of prayer hee commeth thither to make it a denne of theeues Let vs take heed beloved in the Lord whēsoever we come vnto the Church the house of God that we be not partakers of thi● sharpe censure Ecclesiastes chap. 4.17 giu●●● a profitable caveat Take heed to thy feet when thou enterest into the house of God intimating thus much that of duty we are to enter into the house of God Though the Temple in Ierusalem and all the worship in ceremonies that was annexed to it are taken away yet i● Solomons caveat good for vs still Take heed to thy feet when thou enterest into the house of God For we also haue Gods house where hee is chiefly to be
cals vs now to obedience O the crookednes of our vile natures Our stiffe neckes will not bend God speaketh vnto vs by his Ministers to walke in the old way the good way but we answere like them Ier. 6.16 We will not walke therein He speaketh to vs by his watchmen to take heed to the sound of the trumpet but wee answere like them Ier. 6.17 We will not take heed Turne vs good LORD vnto thee and we shall be turned Good LORD open thou our eares that if it be thy holy will either to Roare vnto vs or to speake with a milder voice either to come against vs in iudgement or to visit vs in mercy we may readily heare thee and yeeld obedience and as obedient children receiue the promise of eternall inheritance So when the time of our separation shall be that we must leaue this world a place of darknes of trouble of vexation of anguish thou LORD wilt translate vs to a better place a place of light where darkenesse shall be no more a place of rest where trouble shall be no more a place of delight where vexatiō shall be no more a place of endlesse vnspeakable ioies where anguish shal be no more There this corruptible shall put on incorruption and our mortalitie shall be swallowed vp of life Even so be it THE FOVRTH LECTVRE AMOS 1.2 And he said the LORD shall roare from SION and vtter his voice from IERVSALEM and the dwelling places of the shepheards shall perish and the top of CARMEL shall wither IN my last exercise I entreated of the Speaker Now am I to entreat of the places from whence he speaketh expressed in two names Sion and Ierusalem The LORD shall roare from Sion vtter his voice from Ierusalem c. Sion I read in holy Scripture of two Sions The one is Deut. 4.48 a hill of the Amorites the same with Hermon Moses there calleth it a 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Sion by the figure b Iunius in Deut. 3.9 Syncope the right name of it is c 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Sirion and so recorded Deut. 3.9 The other d 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Sion is the Sion in my Text mount Sion in Iudah vpon the top whereof was another moūtaine e Drusius observ 14.21 Not. Iuniꝰ in Psal 48.3 Moria vpon which stood the Temple of the LORD Before it was called the f 2. Sam. 5.7 Tower or Fort of Sion It was a fortresse a bulwarke a strong hold and place of defence for the Iebusites the inhabitants of the land against their enimies Against these Iebusites King David came with a warlike power speedily surprised their fort built round about it dwelt in it and called it his g The City of DAVID owne City as appeareth 2. Sam. 5.9 This is the city of David so much h 2. Sam. 5.7 1. King 8.1 1. Chron. 11 5 2 Chron. 5.2 mentioned in the sacred bookes of Samuel the Kings and Chronicles To this his own City mount Sion David accompanied with the Elders and Captaines of Israel i 2. Sam. 6.15 brought the Arke of the LORD with shouting with cornets with trumpets with cymbals with viols with harpes as is plaine by the storie 1. Chron. cap. 15. 16. Now began the holy exercises of religion duly to be observed in this city of David mount Sion was now the place of the Name of the LORD of hoasts Hitherto belongeth that same excellent description cōmendation of mount Sion Psal 48.1 2 3. Mount Sion lying northward from Ierusalem is faire in situation It is the city of the great King the city of God Gods holy mountaine the ioy of the whole earth In the palaces thereof God is well knowne for a sure refuge In this city of David the holy mount Sion the Lord of hoasts whom the k 1. King 8.27 2. Chron. 6.18 Heavens and the Heaven of Heavens are not able to containe is said to l Psal 74.2 dwell Psal 9.11 not that hee is tied to any place but because there were the most manifest and often testimonies of his residence Thus is Sion taken litterally It is also taken spiritually by a Synecdoche for the Church Spouse and Kingdome of Christ as Psal 2.6 where God is said to haue annointed his King over Sion the hill of his holynesse Siō there is not to bee vnderstood the terrestiall Sion by Ierusalem but another Sion elect and spirituall not of this world holy Sion so called for the grace of sanctification powred out vpon it even the holy Church of Christ whereto doe appertaine the holy Patriarchs the Prophets the Apostles the vniversall multitude of beleevers throughout not only Israel but the whole world Sion in this signification is obvious in holy Scripture To which sense by the daughters of Sion in the m Psal 149.2 Psalmes of David in n Cantic 3.11 Solomons song in the prophecies of o Esa 3.16.17 Esai 4.4 Esay and p Ioel 2.23 Ioel you may vnderstand the faithfull members of the Church of Christ There is yet one other signification of Sion It s put for Heaven as learned Drusius in his notes vpon my text observeth The like observation is made by Theophylact and Oecumenius commenting vpon Heb. 12.22 Now the Sion in my text from whence the LORD is said to roare to speake terribly and dreadfully is either the Temple vpon mount Sion by Ierusalem or the Church of Christ whereof Sion is a type Sion the holy one of Israel whose walles are salvation and gates praise or the Heaven of Heavens the most proper place of Gods residence Ierusalem Of old this city was called Salem as Gen. 14.18 when Melchisedeck King thereof brought forth bread and wine to refresh Abram and his followers Afterward it was possessed by the Iebusites and named Iebus Iudg. 19.10 Peter Marty● in 2. Sam. 5.6 from both these names Iebus and Salē supposeth that by the change of a few letters Ierusalem hath had her name and not from the mountaines called Solymi as some doe coniecture but erre for that the mountaines Solymi were in Pisidia not in Iudea Many were the names of this city Some of them Benedictus in his marginall note vpon Iosua chap. 10. nameth in a distiche Solyma Luza Bethel Ierosolyma Iebus Helia Vrbs sacra Ierusalem dicitur atque Salem In this distiche 9 names of this one city are couched together Solyma Ierosolyma Ierusalem Iebus Salem Bethel Helia Luza the holy City Drusius Observat sacr lib. 14. cap. 21. noteth that Ierusalem did consist of two parts the one was called 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 the lower city the other 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 the higher city This higher city was Sion or mount Sion whereof you haue already heard and was diversly tearmed 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 the city of David the fort the fort of Sion the tower of Sion But I come not to preach names vnto you Will you heare of
I will breake the barre of Damascus I the LORD will with my mightie power breake Lay wast cōsume the barre barre for barres even all the munition and strength of Damascus of the chi●●●st city of Syria the country adioyning Must Damascus the strongest city of all Syria haue her barres broken Must shee be laid wast and spoiled Here fixing the eies of our minds vpon the power of the LORD learne we this lesson There is no thing nor creature able to withstand Gods power or to let his purpose Nothing not gates of brasse nor barres of yron these he breaketh asunder Psal 107.16 No creature What creature more mightie then a King Yet in the day of his wrath God woundeth King● witnesse the Psalmist 110.5 Doth he wound Kings yea he slayeth mightie Kings Psal 135.10 136.18 My text avoweth the same in one of the next clauses where God threatneth to the mightie King of Syria a cutting off I will cut of him that holdeth the scepter out of Beth-eden These few now alleaged instances doe sufficiently though briefly confirme my propounded doctrine There is no thing nor creature able to withstand Gods power or to let his purpose The reason hereof is because God only is omnipotent and whatsoever else is in the world it is weake and vnable to resist Of Gods omnipotencie we make our daily profession in the first article of our beleefe professing him to be God the Father Almightie In which profession wee doe not exclude either the Sonne or Holy Ghost from omnipotencie For God the Father who imparteth his Godhead vnto the Sonne and to the Holy Ghost doth communicate the proprieties of his Godhead to them also And therefore our beleefe is that as the Father is Almightie so the Sonne is Almightie and the Holy Ghost is Almightie too Now God is said to be omnipotent or Almightie in two respects First because he is able to doe whatsoever he will Secondly because hee is able to doe more then he will For the first that God is able to doe whatsoever he will who but the man possessed with the spirit of Atheisme and infidelitie dares deny This truth being expresly delivered twise in the booke of Psalmes First Psal 115.3 Our God in heaven doth whatsoever hee will againe Psal 135.6 Whatsoever pleaseth the LORD that doth he in heaven in earth in the sea in all the depthes For the second that God is able to doe more then hee will doe every Christian acquainted with the Evangelicall story doth acknowledge it It is plaine by Iohn Baptists reproofe of the Pharisees and Sadducees Matth. 3.9 Thinke not to say within your selues we haue Abraham to our Father for I say vnto you that God is able of these stones to raise vp childrē vnto Abraham Able but will not So likewise when Christ was betrayed the story Matth. 26.53 is that God the Father could haue givē him more then twelue legions of Angels to haue delivered him Hee could but would not The like may be said of many other things The Father was able to haue created another world yea a thousand worlds Was able but would not You see for Gods omnipotencie that he is able to do whatsoever he will do yea that he is able to do more then he will do God only is omnipotent whatsoever els is in the world it 's weake vnable to resist which is the very summe of my doctrine already propounded and confirmed There is no thing nor creature able to withstand Gods power or to let his purpose For as Iob saith chap. 9.13 The most mighty helps do stoope vnder Gods anger This is it which Nabuchodonosor Dan. 4.34 35. cōfesseth In comparison of the most high who liveth for ever whose power is an everlasting power whose kingdome is frō generatiō to generatiō all the inhabitāts of the earth are reputed as nothing according to his will he worketh in the army of heaven and in the inhabitants of the earth and none can stay his hand nor say vnto him what doest thou This is it whereat S. Paul aimeth in his question demanded Rom. 9.19 Who hath resisted the will of God And this is it which Iob intendeth chap. 9.4 demanding a like question who hath beene fierce against God and hath prospered I will not further amplifie this point it must stand good against all the might and strength of this world There is no thing nor creature able to withstand Gods power or to let his purpose Now let vs consider some duties wherevnto we are moved by this doctrine of Gods omnipotencie 1 Is there no thing nor creature able to withstand Gods power or to let his purpose Learne we frō hence crue humiliation that same Christian vertue to which S. Peter 1. ep 5.6 giues his exhortation Humble your selues vnder the mighty hand of God What are we beloved but by nature in our selues most wretched conceived and borne in sin hitherto running on in wickednes dayly rebelling against God against Almighty God against him who alone is able to do whatsoever he will able to do more then he will able to cast both body and soule into hell fire Let the consideration of this our wretched estate worke in vs the fruits of true humiliatiō This true humiliation standeth in our practise of three things 1. The sorrow of our heart wherby we are displeased with our selues and ashamed in respect of our sinnes 2. Our confession to God in which we must also doe three things 1. We must acknowledge all our maine sins originall and actuall 2. We must acknowledge our guiltinesse before God 3. We must acknowledge our iust damnation for sinne The third thing in our humiliation is our supplication to bee made to God for mercy which must be with all possible earnestnes as in a matter of life and death A patterne whereof I present vnto you Dan. 9.17 18 19. O our God heare the praiers of vs thy servants and our supplications and cause thy face to shine vpon vs. O our God encline thine eare to vs and heare vs open thine eies and behold our miseries we do not present our supplications before thee for our own righteousnesse but for thy great tēder mercies O LORD heare vs O LORD forgiue vs O LORD consider and do it differ not thy mercies for thine owne sake O our God Thus beloved if wee humble our selues vnder the hand of Almighty God God will lift vs vp 2 Is there no thing nor creature able to withstand Gods power or to let his purpose Learne we from hence to trēble at Gods iudgements to feare them to stand in awe of them to quake quiver at them For as God is so are his iudgements God is terrible and his iudgements are terrible God is terrible in the assembly of his Saints Psal 88.8 terrible in his workes Psal 66.3 terrible in his doings toward the sonnes of men Psal 66.5 terrible to the Kings of the earth Psalm 76.13 To passe over
may easily be proved In the second chapter of the book of Iudges ver 15. we read that the Lords hand was against the Israelites for evill the collection thence may be that the Lords hand is sometime toward some for good It 's made plaine out of Nehem. 2.8 where the Prophet to shew how ready Artaxerxes was to do him pleasure saith the king gaue me according to the good hand of my God vpon me I might by many like instances out of holy Scripture giue strength to this position but it may seeme to be a needlesse labour Therefore I proceed Now that the hand of God should betoken his displeasure the effects thereof may be proved as easily When the Israelites forsaking God betooke themselues to serue Baalim the hand of the LORD was sore against thē Iudg. 2.15 the Lords hād that is his iudgement punishment and revengement was sore vpon them the wrath of the LORD was hote against them he delivered them into the the hands of the spoilers they were spoiled sold to their enemies and sore punished When the Philistines had brought the arke of God into the house of Dagon the hand of the LORD was heavy vpon them 1. Sam. 5.6 the Lords hand that is his iudgement punishment revengement was heavy vpon them * Psal 78.64 65. The LORD awaked as one out of sleepe and like a gyant refreshed with wine he smote his enemies with Emerods and put them to a perpetuall shame Of like signification is the phrase in my text I will turne my hand to Ekron my hand shall be sore against Ekron I will come against Ekron in Iudgement I will punish Ekron I will take vengeance on Ekron I will turne my hand Sometime this phrase betokeneth the good grace and favour of God as Zach. 13.7 I will turne my hand vpon my little ones My little ones when the shephearde shall be smitten and the sheepe scattered I will recover with my hand and preserue them for ever I will gather them together I will comfort them I wil defend them rursus ad pastorem et praeceptorem suum reducam saith Ribera though they be scattered I will bring them backe againe to their owne shepheard and master There you see Gods turning of his hand vpon his little ones is for good Here it 's otherwise God turneth his hand to Ekron for evill This is averred and iustified by the infallible predictions of other Prophets Zachary chap. 9.5 foretelleth that much sorrow shall betide Ekron Zephani chap. 2.4 saith that Ekron shall bee rooted vp Ieremy chap. 25.20 takes the cup of the wine of Gods indignation and giues it Ekron to drinke to make Ekron like her neighbour countries even desolate an astonishment a h●ssing a curse So great is Ekrons calamity threatned in these words of my text I will turne my hand to Ekron Ekron Will you know what this Ekron was You shall find in the booke of Ioshua chap. 13.3 that it was a dukedome in the land of the Philistines and 1. Sam. 6.16 that there was in this dukedome a city of the same name no base city but a princes seate able at one time to giue entertainement to fiue princes Against both city dukedome Gods hand was stretched out I will turne my hand to Ekron Will God smite Ekron both city and dukedome We may take from hence this lesson There is no safe being in city or country from the hand of God when he is disposed to punish The reason is because there is no place to fly vnto from his presence None No corner in Hell no mansion in Heaven no caue in the top of Carmel no fishes belly in the bottome of the sea no darke dungeon in the land of captivity no place of any fecrecie any where can hide vs from the presence of God Witnesse two holy Prophets David and Amos. The one Psal 139. the other chap. 9. You haue the reason of my doctrine the vses follow Is it true Is there no safe being in city or country from the hād of God when he is disposed to punish One vse hereof is to teach vs to take patiently whatsoever afflictions shall befall vs. Afflictions I cal whatsoever is any way opposite to humane nature such as are the temptations of the flesh the world and the Devill the diseases of the body an infortunate husband or wife rebellious children vnthankfull friends losse of goods reproaches sclanders warre pestilence famine imprisonment death every crosse passion bodily or ghostly proper to our selues or appertaining to such as are of our bloud private or publike secret or manifest either by our owne deserts gotten or otherwise imposed vpon vs. All and every of these true Christians will patiently vndergoe For they with their sharp sighted eie of faith doe clearelie see the Hand of God in every of their molestations and in great contentment they take vp the words of patient Iob chap. 2.10 Shall we receiue good at the hand of God and not receiue evill Here let every afflicted soule examine it selfe how it is affected with the affliction vnder which i● groaneth If you esteem of your afflictions as of God his fatherly chastisements and so endure them blessed are yee Of this blessednes S. Iames chap. 1.12 doth assure you Blessed is the man that endureth tentatiō for when he is tryed he shall receiue the crowne of life which the LORD hath promised to them that loue him Againe is it true Is there no safe being in citie or country frō the hand of God when he is disposed to punish A second vse of this doctrine is to admonish vs that we labour aboue al things to obtaine Gods favour and to abide in it so shall we bee safe from the feare of evill Now for the obtaining of Gods favour wee must doe foure things We must 1. Humble our selues before God 2. Beleeue in Christ 3. Repent of our sinnes 4. Performe new obedience vnto God The time will not suffer me to enlarge these points Humiliation faith in Christ repentance and a new life these foure wil be vnto you as Iacobs ladder was vnto the Angels Of that ladder you may read Gen. 28.12 that it stood vpon the earth the top of it did reach to heaven and the Angels of God went vp it So may you by these foure Humiliation faith repentance and newnesse of life as it were by so many steps and rounds of a ladder clime vp to heaven Here you haue no continuing citie you are but strangers pilgrims on the earth your countrey is aboue the Celestiall Ierusalem there let your hearts be As for the afflictions vexations tribulations miseries and crosses wherewith this mortall life of your is seasoned let them be your ioy They are sure pledges of Gods loue vnto you Even so saith the Spirit Hebr. 12.6 Whom the LORD loueth he chastneth and he scourgeth every sonne that he receiueth Thirdly is it true Is there no safe being in city or
no not for particular provinces or countries Almightie God who once did breake vp the fountaines of the great deepe and did open the windowes of Heaven Gen. 7.11 he is the same God still Almightie still his arme is stretched out still He can at his pleasure command the cloudes and they shall poure forth abundance of waters to the washing away of our dwelling houses But say he wil not come against vs with his armie of waters yet being Deus exerci●●● a God of boastes he hath armies of another kind at command to worke the suddaine subversion and overthrow of all our dwellings I yet present you not with lightning with thunder with windes with earthquakes wherewith the LORD of Hoasts the mightie one of Israel hath laid wast and made desolate many the habitations of sinfull men my text presents you with fire and let it suffice for this time Say I beseech you is it not a fearefull thing that insteed of the fatnesse of the cloudes of the greater and smaller raine of the sweet dewes of heaven of cōfortable shewers which God hath engendred in the aire and divided by pipes to fall vpon the earth in their seasons our grounds should be withered our fruits consumed our temples and our buildings resolved into cinders yea and sometimes our skinnes bones too molten from our backes Yet beloued this sometimes comes to passe when fire one of the executioners of Gods vengeance is sent vpon vs for our sinnes What became of Sodom and Gomorah other cities of that plaine Were they not turned into ashes by fire from the LORD The storie is knowne Gen. 19.24 But what need old stories to confirme so plaine a matter whereof we haue daily and lamentable experience Doe not the grievous cōplaints of many of our neighbours vndone by fire seeking from our charitable devotions some smal reliefe make good proofe hereof Dearely beloved learne we by their example to cast away from vs all our transgressions whereby we haue transgressed and to turne vnto the LORD our God lest delighting and treading in the wickednesse of their waies we be made partakers also of their punishments It is neither care nor policie that can stay Gods revengeful hand when he bringeth fire in it To this purpose memorable is the example of a country man of ours who in K. Edwards daies was a professour of the true religion that religion which by Gods goodnesse we doe this day professe This man in the o Foxe Martyrolog pag. 1893. Acts Monuments of our Church is named p A Smith dwelling at WELL in Cambridge shire Richard Denton and is there noted to haue beene an instructour of one q Of Wishich in the I le of Elie. Sometime Constable of WELL and dwelling there William Wolsey in the same his holy religion Not long after in Queene Maries daies when fire and fagot were the portion of true professours Wolsey was apprehended and imprisoned In time of his durance hee sent commendations to Denton his instructour withall demaunding by his messenger why he tarried so long after him seeing hee had beene his first instructour in the Scriptures Dentons answere was I cannot burne Cannot burne You see his policie hee halted betweene God and man he dissembled the profession of his Christian faith because forsooth he could not burne Well Queene Maries daies were soone at an end and God caused the light of the Gospell to shine againe vnder the peaceable governement of Queene Elizabeth The did our dissembler thinke himselfe safe enough from any flame of fire But behold the haxd of God His house was on fire and he with two others ventring to saue some of his goods perished in the flame Thus you see policie prevailes not when Gods revengefull hand brings fire with it And thinke you that c●re will helpe What Care against the LORD Farre be it from vs beloved so to thinke Let vs rather make our humble cōfession with king Nabuchodonosor Dan. 4.31 32. that the Most High liveth for ever that his power is an everlasting power and his kingdome from generation to generatiō that all the inhabitants of the earth are reputed as nothing to him that according to his will he worketh in the armie of heaven and in the inhabitants of the earth none can stay his hand nor say vnto him what doest thou None can stay his hand This is it which before I noted namely that It 's neither care nor policie that can stay Gods revengefull hand when hee bringeth fire in it as here it 's threatned vnto Rabbah I will kindle a fire in the wall of Rabbah Thus farre by occasiō of my first doctrine which was It is not the greatnes of a city that can be a safegard vnto it if Gods vnappeaseable wrath breake out against it for its sins And it was grounded vpon these words I will kindle a fire in the wall of Rabbah It 's further added of this fire that it shall devoure the palaces of Rabbah Which branch repeated in each of the precedent prophecies as vers 4 7 10 12. hath formerly yeelded vs this doctrine God depriveth vs of a great blessing when he taketh from vs our dwelling houses This truth is experimētally made good vnto vs by the great commodity or cōtentment that cōmeth to every one of vs by our dwelling houses The vse whereof is to teach vs. 1. To be hūbled before Almighty God whensoever it shall please him by water by fire by winde by lightning by thūder by earthquakes or otherwise to overthrow our dwelling houses 2. Since wee peaceably enioy our dwelling houses to vse them for the furtherance of Gods glory 3. To render all hearty thankes vnto Almighty God for the comfortable vse we haue of our dwelling houses Thus farre of the commination or denuntiation of iudgement as it is set downe in generall The speciall circumstances whereby it is further notified or illustrated do cōcerne partly the punishment partly the punished Cōcerning the punishment it is full of terrour speedy First full of terrour in these words With shouting in the daie of battell With shouting in classico saith Brentius cum cl●ngore saith Drusius that is with the sound or noise of trumpets The Septuagint do read 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 the vulgar Latin in ululatu Mercer cum vociferatione Gualter cum clamore Calvin cum clamore vel Iubilo that is with a cry with a great cry with a vociferatiō with a shout such as souldiers do make when on a suddaine they surprise a citie In the day of battell in die belli The like phrase we haue Psa 78.9 where it is said of the children of Ephraim that being armed shooting with the bow they turned backe in die belli in the day of battell David confesseth Ps 140.7 O LORD God the strength of my salvation thou hast coverd my head in die belli in the day of battell Salomō saith Pro. 21.31 The horse is prepared in diē
Iacob with Moses the Prophets with CHRIST and the Apostles But how hee spake that is disputed of by the ancient and learned Fathers St o In cap. 7. Esai Basil is of opinion that the Prophets did not at all with their outward eares heare God speaking to them but that the word of the LORD is said to haue come vnto them because their mindes were illuminated and their vnderstanding enlightned by the shining of the true light in great measure readily to conceaue what God would haue revealed faithfully to publish it according to the will of God St p De Genesi ad literam lib. 11. c. 33. Austine enquiring how God spake with Adam Eue writeth to this purpose It may be God talked with them as he talketh with his Angels by some q Intrinsecus inessabilibus modis internall and secret meanes as by giving light to their minds vnderstandings or it may be he talked with thē by his creature which God vseth to doe two manner of waies either by some vision to men in a trance so he talked with Peter Act. 10. or else by presenting some shape and semblance to bodily senses So God by his Angels talked with Abraham Gen 18. with Lot Gen. 19. St r Expos Moral lib 28. in cap. 38. B. Iob. cap. 2. Gregorie most accurately handleth this question to this sense God speaketh two manner of waies 1 By himselfe as when hee speaketh to the heart by the inward inspiration of the holy Spirit After which sense wee must vnderstand that which we read Act. 8.29 The spirit said vnto Philip goe neere ioyne thy selfe to yonder chariot that is Philip was inwardly moued to draw neere and ioyne himselfe to the chariot wherein the Aethiopian Eunuch sate and read the Prophecie of Esay The like words we find Act. 10.19 The spirit said vnto Peter Behold three men seeke thee the meaning is the same Peter was inwardly moued by the holy Spirit to depart from Ioppa and to goe to Caesarea to preach vnto the Gentiles to Cornelius his companie Where we may note thus much for our comforts that whensoever we are inwardly moved and doe feele our hearts touched with an earnest desire either to make our private requests vnto God or to come to the place of publike prayer or to heare a sermon we may be assured that the HOLY SPIRIT God by himselfe speakes vnto vs. 2 God speaketh to vs by his creatures Angelicall and other and that in diverse manners 1 In word only as when no forme is seene but a voice only is heard as Iohn 12.28 when Christ prayed Father glorifie thy name immediatly there came a voice from heaven I both haue glorified it and will glorifie it againe 2 In deed only as when no voice is heard but some semblance only is objected to the senses S. Gregorie for illustration of this second way of Gods speaking by his creatures bringeth for example the vision of Ezechiel 1.4 He saw a whirle winde come out of the North with a great clowd and fire wrapped about it and in the middest of the fire the likenes of Amber All this hee saw but you heare no mention of any voice Here was res sine verbo a deed but no voice 3 Both in word deed as when there is both a voice heard and also some semblāce obiected to the senses as happened vnto Adam presently after his fall He heard the voice of the Lord walking in the garden Gen. 3.8 4 By shapes presented to the inward eies of our hearts So Iacob in his dreame saw a ladder reach frō earth to heaven Gen. 28.12 So Peter in a trance saw a vessell descende from heaven Act. 10.11 So Paule in a vision saw a man of Macedonia standing by him Act. 16.9 5 By shapes presented to our bodily eies So Abraham saw the three men that stoode by him in the plaine of Mamre Gen. 18.2 And Lot saw the two Angels that came to Sodome Gen. 19.1 6 By Celestiall substances So at Christes baptisme a ſ Mat. 3.17 voice was heard out of a clowd as also at his t Mat. 17.5 transfiguration vpon the mount This is my beloved sonne c. By Celestiall substances I do here vnderstand not only the Heauens with the works therin but also fire the highest of the elements and the Aire nexte vnto it togither with the Windes and Clowds 7 By Terrestiall substances So God to reproue the dulnesse of Balaam enabled Balaams owne Asse to speake Num. 22.28 8 Both by Celestiall and Terrestiall substances as whē God appeared vnto Moses in a flame of fire out of the middest of a bush Exod. 3.2 You see now how God of old at sundry times in diverse manners did speake to man either by himselfe or by his creatures by his creatures many waies sometimes in word sometimes in deed sometimes in both word and deed sometimes in sleepings sometimes in watchings sometimes by Celestiall substances sometimes by Terrestiall sometimes by both Celestiall and Terrestiall To make some vse of this doctrine let vs consider whether God doth not now speake vnto vs as of old hee did to our forefathers We shal finde that now also he speaketh vnto vs by himselfe whensoever by the inspiration of his holy Spirit he moveth our hearts to religious and pure thoughts and also by his creatures sometime by fire when he consumeth our dwelling houses sometime by thunder when hee throweth downe our strong holds sometime by heate sometime by drouth sometime by noysome wormes Locusts and Caterpillers when he takes from vs the staffe of bread sometime by plagues when in a few monthes he taketh from vs many thousands of our brethren sometime by enemies when he impoverisheth vs by warre All these and whatsoever other like these are Gods voices and do call vs to repentance But as when there came a voice from heaven to CHRIST Ioh. 12 2● the people that stood by and heard would not bee perswaded that it was Gods voice some of thē saying that it thundred others that an Angell spake so we howsoever God layes his hand vpon vs by fire by thunder by famine by pestilence by warre or otherwise we will not be perswaded that God speakes vnto vs we wil rather attribute these things to nature to the heavens to starres and planets to the malice of enimies to chance and the like As perverse as we are there is a voice of God which we cannot but acknowledge to be his and at this time to bee directed vnto vs. Mention of it is made Heb. 1.2 In these last daies God hath spoken to vs by his sonne The gospell of Christ is the voice of God It is the voice of God the rule of all instruction the first stone to be laid in the whole building that clowd by day that pillar by night whereby all our actions are to be guided This gospell of CHRIST and voice of God
I would it were within the compasse of my Rhetoricke Yet let me propound one question vnto you Hag. 1.4 Is it time for your selues to dwell in your seiled houses and this house to lye wast Consider your own waies in your own hearts and giue your answer vnto God A second note for your further instruction and meditation followeth It is true Are sinne and iniquitie means to lay wast make desolate all manner of buildings How then is it that our dwelling houses doe yet stand and flourish Our sinnes and iniquities are exceeding impudent and sawcie they are ascended into the presence of God and doe stand like Sathan among his children before his face Yet for all this impudencie and sawcinesse of our sinnes and iniquities God is pleased to suffer our dwelling houses to be in safetie The consideration of this point may stirre vs vp to a gratefull agnition and acknowledgment of Gods singular bountie and longanimitie It is out of the bountie of the LORD that the earth since the time it first was cursed for the fall of man doth to this day yeeld fruit in abundance for the vse of man That our possessions habitations dwelling houses and Churches are not laid wast and made desolate it is to be ascribed to Gods long sufferance and longanimitie Of which I shall God willing anon speake more fully whē I shal haue considered the words of the second sequel or consequent of Gods speech which are The top of Carmel shall wither The top of Carmel There were two hills of this name as St Hierome teacheth both in Iudea the one in the southerne climate of that country whereon Nabal the husband of Abigail did dwel 1. Sam. 25.2 the other neere vnto Ptolemais towards the sea coast vpon which Elias prayed for raine 1. Kings 18.42 St Hierome seemeth to doubt which of these two Carmels our Prophet here intendeth But Ribera resolveth for that Carmel which was neere vnto Ptolemais because it did appertaine to the lot of the ten tribes against whom Amos in this booke prophecieth This Carmel was a hill of much fatnesse and fertilitie whervpon it may as proverbially be taken for any such place St Hierome writing vpon Esay 16. saith it is the Scriptures idiome and proper forme of speech evermore to compare the rich hil Carmel to fertilitie and abundance One of the Hebrewe d R. David apud Drusiū Doctors saith that Carmel is a generall name for all fruitfull arable fields and vineyards A great e Pagnin Hebrician saith that because the hill Carmel had by it a valley of exceeding feracitie and fruitfulnesse therefore Carmel is appellatiuely taken for any place set with corne trees or vines and specially with standing corne with newe and fat wheat while it is in eare though another f Marinus in Arca Noe Hebrician of like note affirmeth that because Carmel collectiuely signifieth standing corne or new wheate yet in the eare therefore a certaine region in the province of Canaan of extraordinary fertilitie as also a hill and city there was called after this name Carmel Whatsoever Carmel bee in this place whether a proper name or an appellatiue out of doubt it betokeneth a place of much fruitfulnesse Following the streame of expositors I am of opinion that Carmel in my text is that same fruitfull mountaine of Iudea by Ptolemais The top of Carmel A place fit by reason of the woodes there to lurke and lie hid in as is plaine by Amos 9.3 Though they hide themselues in the top of Carmel I will search and take them out thence The top of Carmel In the Hebrew it is the head of Carmel The head or top of Carmel is the Scripture phrase to expresse whatsoever is best in Carmel By the like phrase we say Caput vnguēti the head or the top of the ointment to signifie the best of the ointment The top of Carmel Pagnine thus translateth it vertex loci fertilis the top of the fruitfull place And Iunius thus praestantissimum aruorum the best of the fields Both Pagnine and Iunius doe take Carmel here for an appellatiue and not for a proper name The top of Carmel shall wither shall wax dry or be dried vp That is where most fruitfull fields and pastures are there shall be a defect and want of necessaries for mans life Thus haue you the exposition of this last clause Nowe bee patient I pray you while from hence I commend on lesson vnto you It is this For the sinnes of a people God will make the top of their Carmel to wither I speake it more plainely For the sinnes of a people God will make their best groundes to yeeld them little or no profit For proofe of this point you will be pleased to heare the evidence of the holy Spirit given in the word of life Deut. 28.20 Thus saith the LORD because of the wickednes of thy works whereby thou hast forsaken mee the LORD shall smite thee with blasting and with mildew the Heaven which is over thy head shal be brasse and the earth that is vnder thee shall be yron insteed of raine the LORD shall giue thee dust and ashes even from heaven shall it come downe vpon thee vntill thou be destroyed In the 2. Chapter of Hosea and the 5 verse because Israel had plaid the harlot and done shamefully departing from the LORD thus saith the LORD I will take away from Israel my corne in the time thereof and my wine in the season thereof wil recover my wooll my flax which I lent her to cover her shame Marke I beseech you the manner of the LORDS speech my corne my wine my woll my flax they are none of ours they are all the Lords The LORD hath lent thē vs to serue our turnes and necessities if we abuse them to idolatrie or prophanes he will take them from vs recover them againe vnto himselfe In the 4. Chapter of Hosea and the 3. verse because there is no truth nor mercy nor knowledge of God in the land but every one breaketh out by swearing by lying by killing by stealing by whoring and blood toucheth blood thus saith the LORD the land shall mourne and every one that dwelleth therein shall be cut of with the beasts of the field and with the foules of heaven and also the fishes of the sea shal be taken away If so what good then comes to you from Carmel from your best most fruitfull grounds In the 8. chapter of Hosea and the 7. verse because Israel transgressing the covenant of the LORD and trespassing against his law had sowen the winde thus saith the LORD they shall reape the whirlewinde it hath no stalke the bud shall bring forth no meal if so be it bring forth the strangers shall devoure it If so what profit then can we matching Israel in their most grievous transgressions trespasses expect from Carmel our most fruitfull and pleasant fields The wisest King that ever sacred
we learne this lesson It is neither wealth nor policie nor power nor preferment that can stood vs if Gods vnappeaseable ang●●●reak out against vs for our sinnes The reason hereof we read Ierem. 4.4 It 's this Because of the wickednes of our inventions Gods wrath comes forth like fire and burneth that none can quench it The vse is to teach vs that wee despise not Gods iudgements nor abuse his mercies but that we tremble at the one and bee drawne to well doing by the other 3 In that the LORD sendeth a fire into the palaces of Benhadad to devoure them we learne thus much God depriveth vs of a great blessing when hee taketh from vs our dwelling houses The great commoditie or contentment that commeth to every one of vs by our dwelling houses doth experimentally make good vnto vs this truth The vse is to teach vs first to be humbled before Almighty God whensoever our dwelling houses are taken from vs. Secōdly since we peaceably enioy our dwelling houses to vse them for the furtherance of Gods glory Thirdly to praise God day by day for the comfortable vse we haue of our dwelling houses It would tire you to heare these doctrines and their vses severally amplified and enlarged In the sequele of this chapter I shall haue occasion to repeat them to you THE NINTH LECTVRE AMOS 1.5 I will breake also the barre of Damascus and cut of the inhabitant of Bikeath-Aven and him that holdeth the scepter out of Beth-Eden and the people of Aram shall goe into captivity vnto Kir WE are now come to the second braunch of the fourth part of this prophecie in the 5. verse wherein are set down more specially the punishmentes to bee inflicted vpon the Syrians for their sinnes And this is done in foure severall clauses In each wee may obserue three circumstances 1 The punisher the LORD either immediatly by himselfe or mediatly by his instruments 2 The p●●ished the Syrians not of any one city only but of the whole country which we gather frō these names Damascus Bikeath-Aven Beth-eden and Aram. 3 The punishment the spoile of the country and ruine of the whole state The barre of Damascus must bee broken the inhabitant of Bikeath-Aven and the King keeping his court at Beth-Eden must be cut of and the people of Aram must go into captivitie Of the words as they lie in order I will also breake the barre of Damascus I the LORD a Iob 9.5 6. c remoue mountaines and they feele not when I overthrow them I remoue the earth out of her place make her pillers to shake I command the sun it riseth not I close vp the starres as vnder a signet I my selfe alone spread out the heavens and walke vpon the height of the sea I make Arcturus Orion and Pleiades and the climates of the South I the LORD who do great things vnsearcheable marvailous things without number b Amos 5.8 9.6 IEHOVAH is my name I the Lord IEHOVAH who haue resolved to send a fire into the house of Hazael and palaces of Benhadad I will also breake the barre of Damascus You know what a barre is in its proper signification an instrument wherewith we make fast the gates of our cities and doors of our houses against the violence of our enemies If the barre be broken the entrance into the city or house will be the easier Kedar is discovered to be weake for want of barres Ier. 49. ●1 And so are they against whom Gog and Magog were to fight Ezech. 38.11 they had neither barres nor gates Ierusalem had both and God made them strong Psal 147.13 Therefore praise the LORD O Ierusalem praise thy God O Sion for he hath made the barres of thy gates strong so strong that no enemy is able to breake them or to make any irruption into them A barre is also vsed to a figuratiue sense Metaphorically Synecdochically betokeneth munition fortification the forts strong holds of a country the strength of any thing To which sense the sea hath barres We read of them Iob 38.10 God hath appointed the sea her barres and dores saying hitherto shalt thou come here wil I stay thy proude waues And the earth hath barres We read of thē Ion. 2.6 And what are the barres of the earth but the c D. King B. of London in Ion. lect 27. strongest muniments and senses it hath her promontories and rockes which God hath placed in her frontiers to withstand the force of the waters And Moab hath barres Esai 15.5 There the barres of Moab are put for the forts in the borders of Moab And Egypt hath barres Ezech. 30.18 Where Egypts barres after the exposition of Illyricus in his d Verbo Vectis key of Scriptures are munitiones robur the fortifications and strength of Egypt So here the barres of Damascus are Damasci e Mercer rob●r munitiones porta ●l●●stra ●●●tissima the strēgth of Damascus the munitions of Damascus the gates of Damascus the most fensed fortresses of Damascus Yea f Gualter Vniversum regni robur the whole strength of the kingdome of Syria is to be vnderstoode in these barr●s of Damascus Of Damascus no base or contemptible city Lewes Vertomannus a gentleman of Rome in his travaile to those esterne parts of the world a hundred yeares ago saw this city and admiring the marveilous beauty therof hath Navigat cap. 5. left a record of it to posterity It is saith he in manner incredible and passeth all beleefe to thinke how faire the city of Damascus is and how fertile is the soile This Damascus is a city of great antiquity g See my sixth lecture vpon this chapter built as some coniecture by Eliezer the steward of Abrahams house who was surnamed Damascus Gen. 15.2 So that this city was built more then 3444. yeares agoe for h In the yeare of the world 2124. Funcc in Cronolog And this Sermon was preached A. C. 1606. Febr. 8. so long agoe Abraham died The first mention of this city is Gen. 14.15 Others holding the name of this city to haue been more ancient then Abraham do attribute the building of this city to Huz one of the sonnes of Aram Gen. 10.23 wherevpon Damascus was called also Arā as S. Hierome vpon Esai 17. witnesseth Whatsoever were the antiquity of this city it is plaine by Esai 7.8 that it was the Metropolitane and chiefest city of Syria The Prophet Ieremie giues it a high commendation chap. 49.25 where he cals it a glorious city and the city of his ioy Damascus in this place is not the bare city but i Tremellius tractus Damascenus sive Decapolitanus the whole cuntry about Damascus the coasts of Decapolis whereof we read Mark 7.31 I will also breake the barres of Damascus To breake in the Hebrew phrase by a Metaphore is to consume to destroy to wast to spoile In the 24 of Es vers 19.
with silence many places of holy Scripture in which God is tearmed a terrible God let vs confesse with the Psalmist Psalm 76.7 Thou O God of Iacob thou art to be feared who shall stand in thy sight whē thou art angrie Here are they worthely to be taxed and censured who are so far from fearing Gods iudgements as that they plainly scoffe and iest at them Such a one was he of Cambridge shire who o This Sermon was preached Febr. 8. 1606. some 14. yeares since in the yeare 1592. made a mocke of the Lords glorious voice the THVNDER The story is delivered by Perkins in his p Printed at Cambridg in 4o. 1596. pag. 36. exposition of the Creed in these words One beeing with his companion in a house drinking on the Lordes day when he was ready to depart thence there was great lightning and thunder wherevpon his fellow requested him to stay but the man mocking and iesting at the thunder and lightning said as report was it was nothing but a knaue cooper knocking on his tubs come what would he would go and so went on his iourney but before he came halfe a mile frō the house the same hād of the LORD which before he had mocked in a cracke of thunder strooke him about the girdlesteed that he fell downe starke dead A memorable example brought home as it were to our doores to put vs in minde of Gods heavy wrath against those which scorne his iudgements Let vs beloved be wise vpon it and at every iudgement of God tremble and feare confesse as before out of Psal 76.7 Thou O God of Iacob thou art to bee feared who shall stand in thy sight when thou art angry 3 Is there no thing nor creature able to withstand Gods power or to let his purpose Here is matter enough to vphold and stablish our faith in Gods promises to the abolishing of all wavering and doubting touching our salvation Thus No thing nor creature is able to withstand Gods power or to let his purpose God is able to do whatsoever he wil do he wil do whatsoever hee hath promised to do he hath promised to giue eternall life to all that beleeue in Iesus Christ How then can I who do beleeue or any other who doth beleeue in Iesus Christ doubt of mine or their salvation Vpon this rocke of Gods omnipotency Abrahams faith stood vnshaken as appeareth Rom. 4. Abraham he doubted not of the promise of God through vnbeliefe but was strengthned in the faith And how Because he was fully assured that the same God who had promised was able also to doe it This ablenes of God Abraham opposed to his owne weaknes And so aboue hope beleeued vnder hope that he should be the father of many nations according to that which was spoken to him so shall thy seed be This promise Abraham laid hold of not considering his owne bodie evē now dead being almost a hundred years old neither the deadnesse of Sarahs womb he laid hold of the promise How By faith Which was increased and confirmed to him by the consideration of the power of God And why is all this written of Abraham S. Paul saies why ver 23. Now it is not written for him only that it was imputed to him for righteousnes but also for vs to whom it shall bee imputed for righteousnes if wee beleeue in him that raised vp Iesus our LORD from the dead who was delivered to death for our sins and is risen againe for our iustification Wherefore to all our sins infirmities and impotencies from whence may arise diffidence infidelity or vnbeliefe we must ever oppose Gods omnipotency and thereby support our faith in his promises I shut vp this point and my whole lecture with S. Austines discourse Serm. 123. de tempore Nemo dicat non potest mihi dimittere peccata Let no man say vnto me God cannot forgiue me my sinnes Quomodo non potest omnipotens How is it possible that the Almighty should not bee able to forgiue thee thy sinnes But thou wilt say I am a great sinner and I say Sed ille omnipotens est But God is Almighty Thou replyest and saiest My sinnes are such as from which I cannot be delivered and clensed and I answere Sed ille omnipotens est But God is Almightie Almightie able to doe all things greater or lesser celestiall or terrestiall immortall or mortall spirituall or corporall invisible or visible Magnus in magnis neque parvus in minimis great in great businesses and not litle in the least No thing or creature is able to withstand Gods power or to let his purpose THE TENTH LECTVRE AMOS 1.5 I will breake also the barre of Damascus and cut of the inhabitant of Bikeath-Aven and him that holdeth the scepter out of Beth-Eden and the people of Aram shall goe into captivity vnto Kir NOw proceed we to the other clauses of the last part of this prophecy against the Syrians The second clause is I will cut of the inhabitant of Bikeath-Aven The third is and him that holdeth the scepter out of Beth-eden the fourth is and the people of Aram c. In each of these I doe obserue as before I did three circumstances 1 The punisher the LORD either immediatly by himselfe or mediatly by his instruments 2 The punishment to be vnderstood in those phrases of cutting of and going into captivity 3 The punished the Syrians noted in these names Bikeath-Aven Beth-eden Aram. Let vs examine the words of the text as they lie in order I will cut of the inhabitant of Bikeath-Aven I the LORD IEHOVAH a See Le●● 9. who remoue mountaines and they feele not whē I overthrow them who remoue the earth out of her place and make her pillars to shake who my selfe alone spread out the heavens and walke vpon the height of the sea I the LORD IEHOVAH who doth great things and vnsearchable marvailous things and without nūber I the LORD IEHOVAH who haue resolued to send a fire into the house of Hazael which shall devoure the palaces of Benhadad haue resolued to breake the barres of Damascus I will also cut of the inhabitant of Bikeath-Aven him that holdeth the scepter out of Beth-eden c I will cut off To cut off is in sundry places of holy Scripture a Metaphore drawne ab excisione arborum from the cutting downe or rooting vp of trees and signifieth vtterly to consume to wast to dissipate to destroy to exstinguish So it 's vsed Ps 101.8 where David purposing not to be negligent or sloathfull in the execution of iustice against all malefactors in Ierusalem resolueth to cut of all the workers of iniquitie from the city of the LORD Betimes will I destroy all the wicked of the land that I may cut of all the workers of iniquitie from the city of the LORD So it s vsed Psal 109.15 where Davids prayer against the wicked is that their iniquitie and sinne be alwaies before the
shall not want It is spoken to our never ending comfort by our blessed Saviour Matth. 10.29 Are not two sparrows sold for a farthing one of them falleth not on the ground without your father Feare yee not therefore yee are of more value then many sparrowes In the same place he further assureth that all the haires of our head are numbred Doth Gods care reach to the falling of the haires of our h●●d 〈◊〉 can we doubt of 〈…〉 rule and government in 〈…〉 ●●mightie God for his vnlimited power 〈◊〉 all things in the world and ruleth them pro liber●●●● 〈◊〉 sua even as he listeth The third degree by which wee may discerne the act of divine providence I called gradum ordinationis the degree of ordination or direction It implieth thus much that God of his admirable wisdome ordeineth setteth in order whatsoever things in the world seeme to be most out of order hee bringeth them all to his chiefly intended end all must make for his glorie In this divine ordination three things doe concurre Constitutio finis mediorum ad finem dispositio and Dispositorum directio First God appointeth an end to every thing secondly hee disposeth meanes vnto the end thirdly hee directeth the meanes so disposed To discourse of these particulars severally would carry mee beyond my time and your patience I will but only touch the generall which was God of his admirable wisdome ordaineth or setteth in order whatsoever things in the world seem to be most out of order he bringeth them all to his chiefly intended end they al make for his glorie Herevpon dependeth the truth of my propounded doctrine inviolable No calamitie or miserie befalleth any one of whatsoever estate or degree by chance or at adventure For if it be true as true it is and the gates of Hell shal never be able to prevaile against it that God by his wonderfull providence maintaineth and preserueth ruleth governeth ordereth disposeth and directeth al things in this world even to the very haires of our heads it cannot be that any calamitie or misery should befall any one of vs by adventure by hap-hazzard by chance by fortune The Epicure in the booke of Iob 22.13 was in a fowle errour to thinke that God walking in the circle of heaven cannot through the darke cloudes see our misdoings iudge vs for them Dearely beloued wee may not thinke our God to bee a m See Lect. 1. pag. 10. God to halfes and in part only a God aboue and not beneath the moone a God vpon the mountaines and not in the valleys a God in the greater and not in the lesser employments We may not thus thinke Wee haue liued long enough to haue learned better things out of Amos 9. Ierem. 23. Psal 139. that God is every where present and that there is no evasion from him No corner in Hell no mansion in heaven no caue in the top of Carmel no fishes belly in the bottome of the sea no darke dungeon in the land of captivitie no place of any secrecie any where is able to hide vs from the presence of God We haue learned Zach. 4.10 that God hath seaven eies which goe through the whole world You may interpret them with me many millions of eyes Hee is * Hieroymus in illud Psal 94.9 Qui plantavit aurem non audiet aut qui finxit oculum nō cōsiderat Ego autem dico quod Deus totus OCVLVS est totus MANVS est totus PES est Totus OCVLVS est quia omnia videt Totus MANVS est quia omnia operatur Totus PES est quia ubique est totus OCVLVS altogether eye for he saith all things We haue learned Esai 40.12 that God hath hands to measure the waters and to span the heavens You may interpret it with me that he hath many millions of hands He is totus MANVS altogether hand for hee worketh all things We haue learned Matth. 5.35 that God hath feete to set vpon his footstoole You may interpret it with mee that hee hath many millions of feet Hee is totus PES altogether foote for he is every where We shall then be very iniurious to God if we deny him the oversight of the smallest matters The holy Scriptures doe evidently shew that he examineth the least moments and titles in the world that we can imagine n Suprà pag. 10. to a handfull of meale to a cruse of oyle in a poore widowes house to the falling of sparrowes to the ground to the clothing of the grasse in the field to the feeding of the birds of the aire to the calving of hindes to the numbring of the haires of our heads Wherefore dearely beloued in the LORD whatsoever calamitie or miserie hath already seised vpon vs or shall hereafter overtake vs let vs not lay it vpon blind Fortune but looke wee to the hand that striketh vs. Hee who is noted in my text to cut off the inhabitant of Bikeath-Aven him that holdeth the scepter out of 〈…〉 that for our 〈◊〉 bringeth vpon vs 〈…〉 The late 〈…〉 ●●ging vpon this land to the vtter destruction of gre●● store of cattell and much people and the late rot of sheepe in this other places of this land are Gods visitations vpon vs for our sinnes and admonishments for vs to amend our liues Shall there be evill in a city and the Lord hath not done it saith Amos chap. 3.6 It 's out of question there is no evill in the city no not in the world but the LORDS finger is in it and that iustly for our sinnes sake What remaineth but that we rent our hearts and turne vnto the LORD our God He is gracious mercifull slow to anger of great kindnes and repenteth him of evill How knowe we whether hee will returne and repent and leaue a blessing behinde him for vs Let vs therefore go boldly vnto the throne of grace that we may receiue mercy and finde grace to helpe in time of need THE ELEVENTH LECTVRE AMOS 1.5 The people of Aram shall goe into captivity vnto Kir saith the LORD WEe goe on with that which yet remaineth vnexpounded in this 5. verse The people of Aram Aram registred Gen. 10.22 to be one of the sonnes of Sem was the father author or founder of the Aramites or Syrians a Tremellius Willet in Genes 10.22 whereof it is that the Scythians after their return out of Asia and Syria were called Aram●● Aramites Plin. lib. 6. cap. 17. This country of Aram or Syria was divided into sundry regions 2. Sam. 10.8 You may read of Aram Soba Aram Rehob Aram Ishtob and Arum Maacah from which provinces there went a multitude of Aramites to aid the Ammonites in their warre against King David The successe of their expedition is recorded ver the 18. David destroyed seaven hundred chariots of the Aramites and forty thousand horsemen So let them all perish who make head and band themselues together against the
LORDS annointed 2. Sam. 8.6 You may read of Aram of Damascus out of which part there went a great multitude to succour Hadadezer king of Soba against David Their successe is recorded in the same place David slew of the Aramites two and twentie thousand men 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 let them al likewise perish who make he●d 〈◊〉 themselu●s tog●ther against the LORDS annointed 1. Chron. 〈…〉 which is by in● 〈…〉 lying betweene the 〈…〉 commonly knowne by the name of b Bertram Comparat Gram. Hebr. Aram. in Praefat. Mesopotamia And these Syrians gaue aid vnto the Ammonites against David and were partakers in their overthrow Gen. 28.5 You may read of Padan Aram whither the Patriach Iacob was by his father Isaac sent to make choise of his wife of the daughters of Laban Tremellius and Iunius in their note vpon Gen. 25.20 do make this Padan-Aram to be a part of Mesopotamia that part which is called by Ptolemee Ancoba●● Thus doth the holy Spirit in the sacred Scriptures describe vnto vs the coūtry of Aram in its parts Aram Soba Aram Reh●b Aram Ish●●b Aram Maacah Aram of Damascu● Ar●m N●●arai● and Padan Aram. Here Aram put without any adiunc● to 〈…〉 o●e region may 〈…〉 all Syria devided by our Pr●phet Amos in this one verse into three parts vnder the three 〈◊〉 of Damascus ●ik●●th 〈◊〉 and ●●th 〈◊〉 as Tremellius and Iunius haue noted vnderstāding by Damasc●● the coūtry adioining the whole coast of D●●●polis by R●k●●th-Ane● the coūtry called Ch●●●●th● which way Syria bordereth vpon Arabia surnamed the D●s●r● by Beth-ed●n the whole coūtry of Coelesyria wherein stood the citie Eden The people that is 〈◊〉 of all sorts not only the ruder multitude but the ●●ble also 〈◊〉 word is generall and conteineth all Shall go into captivity They shal be carryed away from their natiue coūtry into a strange l●nd in sl●very and bondage Vnto Kir not vnto Cyr●●● c Ribera a noble city in that part of Africa which is called P●●●apoli● the ●●tiue coūtry of d Arias Montanus Callimachus the poet and E●●●●st h●●es the historian as e Apud Drusium Ionathan Sy●●●ch●● and S. Hierome do seeme to vnderstand and Eusebius and the author of the ordinary glosse and Winckleman do expresly affirme but vnto Kir a city in the seigniories or dominions of the king of Assyria as the Hebrewes best approued expositors doe avouch Tremellius Iunius vpon the 2. Kings 16.9 doe vnderstand by this Kir that part of Media which from this captivitie was called Syromedia it was named Kir that is by interpretation a wall because it was round about compassed with the hill Zagrus as with a wall This deportation and captivitie of the Syrians was foretold by our Prophet f Anno regni Oziae 23. almost fiftie yeares before it was fulfilled It was fulfilled in the dayes of Ahaz King of Iudah who sent messengers to Tiglath Pileser King of Assyria for helpe Tiglath Pileser consented vnto him went vp against Damascus tooke it slew Rezin King of Aram and carried a way captiue the people of Aram into Kir Thus is the story expresly delivered 2. King 16. Thus farre the exposition of the words The people not only the ruder multitude but the nobles also of Aram not of Damascus onely but of all Syria shall goe into captivitie shall bee carried away captiue by Tiglath-Pileser King of Assyria vnto Kir a part of Media This accordingly came to passe For it could no otherwise be the LORD true in all his promises and threatnings whose words are yea and Amen he hath said it The people of Aram shal goe into captivitie vnto Kir saith the LORD Now to the notes of instruction Here must I commend vnto you as I haue done out of the precedent clauses three circumstances the punisher the punished the punishment 1 The punisher the LORD by his instrument Tiglath-Pileser King of Assyria 2 The punished the Aramites or Syrians of all sorts the ruder and the noble 3 The punishment a deportation or carrying into captivitie This third circumstance is amplified by the place Their captivitie bondage and slaverie was to be in an vnknown strange and farre countrey Kir in MEDIA From the first 〈…〉 of the punisher the LORD of hoasts imploying in his 〈◊〉 the King of Assyria for the carrying away of the Ar●●i●●● or Syri●●s into captivitie wee are put in mind of a well knowne truth in divinitie Almighty God in his government of the world worketh ordinarily by m●anes or second causes I say ordinarily because extraordinarily hee worketh sometime without meanes sometime against meanes Ordinarily hee worketh by meanes And they are of two sorts Definite such as of their naturall and internall principles doe of necessitie produce some certaine effects So the fire burneth the water drowneth Indefinite such as are free and accidentall agents hauing in themselues freedome of will to doe or nor to doe In this rancke you may place Iosephs brethren at what time they sold him to the Israelites Gen. 37.28 they sold him not of necessitie they might haue done otherwise In this rancke you may place Shimei for his carriage towards King David 2. Sam. 16.6 His throwing of stones at the King and rayling vpon him was not of necessitie hee might haue done otherwise And the King of Assyria carried into captivitie this people of Aram not of necessitie hee might haue left vnto them their natiue countrie lands and possessions All these fire water Iosephs brethren rayling Shimei the King of Assyria and whatsoever else like these meanes or second causes definite or indefinite necessarie or contingent are but instruments by which Almightie God in his governement of the world worketh ordinarily God laid wast Sodom Gomorah and their sis●er cities he did it by fire Gen. 19.24 God destroyed every thing that was vpō the earth from man to beast to the creeping thing and to the foule of the heaven only was Noah saved and they that were with him in the Arke the rest he destroyed by water Gen. 7.23 God sent Ioseph into Egypt to preserue his fathers posteritie and to saue them aliue by a great deliverance as Ioseph himselfe confesseth Gen. 45.7 This was Gods doing but hee did it by Iosephs owne brethren who you knowe sold him to the Ismaelites God sent an affliction vpon David for his good by cursed speaking throwing of stones where in David acknowledgeth Gods speciall singer 2. Sam. 16.11 The thing was Gods doing He did it by Shimei the sonne of Iemini God spake the word concerning the people of Aram that they should goe into captivitie as appeareth in my text God spake the word it was done God therefore sent the people of Aram into captivitie but he did it by Tiglath-Pileser King of Assyria All these though I said it before I say it againe All these fire water Iosephs brethren rayling Shimei the King of Assyria and whatsoever else like these meanes or
God is a BODY This his erroneous and false opinion died not with him It was on foot many a yeare after him in the time of Arius patronised by those Hereticks which by Epiphanius are called Audiani and by Augustine k Augustin de haeres cap 50. Vadianis after whom also it was egerly maint●ined by certaine Monkes of Egypt who were there vpon called Anthropomorphita But all these are dead gone their monstrous errour lies buried with them There is no man of any knowledge now a daies so blinded as to fall into errour with them It is an axiome in divinitie Quaecunque de Deo corporaliter dicūtur dicta sunt symbolicè whatsoever is spoken of God bodily that same must be vnderstood figuratiuely Bellarmine saith as much lib. 2. de imag sanct cap. 8. Membra quae tribuuntur Deo in Scripturâ metaphoricè esse accipienda that those members which the Scripture assigneth vnto God are to bee taken in a Metaphor Thus farre we are yours Bellarmine We maintaine with you that the members attributed vnto God in holy Scripture are to be takē figuratiuely But you build herevpon chaffe and stubble Should we doe the like it could never abide the tryall of the fire To proue a non licet to be your licet Licere pingere imaginē Dei patris in formâ hominis senis to proue it to bee lawfull to represent God the Father by the image of an old man you drawe an argument from those places of Scripture which doe attribute vnto God bodily members Your conclusion is by way of question The Scripture in words attributeth vnto God all man's members while it saith that he stands he sits he walkes and nameth his head his feet his armes giueth to him a seat a throne a footstoole therefore why cannot a picture bee made to represent God Why not an image in the shape of man Why It is easily answered Because every such picture or image or stocke call it as you will is censured by Ieremie to be a doctrine of vanitie chap. 10.8 by Zacharie to be a speaker of vanity chap. 10.2 by Habakkuk to be a teacher of lies chap. 2.18 and Gods expresse commandemēt is against it Deut. 4.16 You shall not make you a grauen image or representatiō of any figure A reason of this prohibition is adioined vers 12. and 15. by which it is manifest that God simply and absolutely forbiddeth any image at all to bee made of himselfe For yee saw no similitude in the day that the LORD spake vnto you in Horeb out of the middest of the fire yee saw no similitude only yee heard a voice The Prophet Esai is plentiful in this demonstration to shew how vnseemly and absurd it is to l Rom. 1.25 turne the truth of God into a lie as they doe who forsake the blessed Creator to worship the creature to turne the Maiestie of God invisible into a picture of visible man to m vers 23. turne the glory of the incorruptible God to the similitude of the image of a corruptible man His vehement expostulation with idolaters to this purpose is in the 40. chapter of his prophecie and the 18. verse To whom will yee liken God or what similitude will yee set vp vnto him the workeman melteth an image the goldsmith beats it out in gold or silver plates the poore see now the rage fury madnesse of idolaters though they haue not wherewith to suffice their own necessities they will defraud themselues to serue their idols the poore chooseth out a tree that will not rot for an oblation puts it to a cunning workeman to prepare an image that cannot be moved The like expostulation the same Prophet ascribeth to God himselfe chap. 46.5 To whom will yee make me like or make me equall or cōpare me that I should be like him They draw gold out of the bagge weigh silver in the ballance hire a goldsmith to make a God of it and they bow downe and worship it they beare it vpon their shoulders they carry him set him in his place so doth he stand and cannot remoue from his place Remēber this and be ashamed ô yee Idolaters n Esai 40.21 Know ye nothing haue yee not heard it hath it not beene told you from the beginning haue yee not vnderstood it by the foundation of the earth God sitteth vpon the circle of the earth and beholdeth the inhabiters thereof as grashoppers he stretcheth out the heavens as a curtaine and spreads them out as a tent to dwell in He o Esai 40.12 measures the waters in his fist counts heavē with his span comprehends the dust of the earth in a measure weighes the mountaines in a weight and the hils in a ballance God incorporeall invisible spirituall passing al measure there is nothing p Esai 46.9 like vnto him No thing And therefore O Idolaters not your old mans image For the truth of your antecedent we stand on your side It 's very true the Scripture in expresse wordes attributeth vnto God many the members and offices of mans body It saith of him that he stands he sits he walkes it nameth his head his feet his armes it giues him a seate a throne a footstoole but all these and other like bodily offices parts and members being spoken of as belonging vnto God must be vnderstood figuratiuely It hath pleased the spirit of wisdome to deale with vs 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 to fit the holy Scriptures to our weake capacities to vse knowne familiar and sensible tearmes thereby to raise vp our conceipts to some knowledge of the everliving God In this regard by the wisdome of the same spirit among many other members Hands are also ascribed vnto God and that in many places yet not in every place to one and the same sense and vnderstanding It 's noted by the q Cent. 13. cap. 4. Magdeburgenses out of Innocentius that the hand of God doth beare divers offices among vs officia creatoris largientis protegentis minantis the offices of a Creator liberall giver protector and threatner Hands are ascribed vnto God sometime to shew that he is the Creator of all things as Psal 119.73 Thy hands haue made me fashioned me sometime to shew his liberality to all living things as Psal 145.16 Thou openest thy hand and fillest all things living of thy good pleasure sometime to shew the care he hath to protect and defend the faithfull as Esai 49.2 Vnder the shadow of his hand hath hee hid me and sometime to shew his readines to be avenged vpon the wicked as Esai 10.4 His hand is stretched out still But these and all other the significations of the hand of God I reduce to two heads to the loue of God and his displeasure vnder them comprehending all their consequents and effects That the hand of God betokeneth sometime his loue the benefits redounding thence to man mans being and his well-being
Septuagint 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 he did violate the mothers wombe which reading may haue reference to the nativity of Iacob and Esau borne at one birth of their mother Rebekah And then the meaning is that the Edomites Esau's posterity neglecting that bond knot of brotherhood and consanguinity did exercise rigour and cruelty against the Israelites Iacobs posterity or it may haue reference to a savage and outragious cruelty as if the Edomites were here noted for ripping vp mothers wombs or women with childe in Israel That such cruelty was vsed by the Ammonites it is plaine by the 13. verse of this chapter But this text in the original doth not fastē this blame vpon the Edomites and I loue not to force my text I wil not trouble you with other expositions The originall 〈…〉 ●●rrupt his compassions The sense and meaning is w●ll ●●nd●ed and delivered in our receiued English Bibles He did cast of all pitie Is Edom here condemned for corrupting his compassions for casting of all pitie The lesson hence to be commended to your Christian considerations is this Vnmercifulnesse is a sinne hatefull vnto God I could bring you many places out of holy writ for the confirmation of this doctrine But two only or three and they but touched shall serue for this present In Iob 6.14 the vnmercifull are noted to haue forsaken the feare of the Almightie In Rom. 1.31 among such as God hath giuen vp to a reprobate minde to commit things worthy of death the vnmercifull are named In Iames 2.13 a punishment is denounced to the vnmercifull There shall be iudgement mercilesse to him that sheweth no mercy These few texts of Scripture doe plentifully establish my doctrine Vnmercifulnesse is a sinne hatefull vnto God If any will aske me what is this vnmercifulnes whereof I now speake my answer shall be out of the learned Out of o Apud Aquin 22. qu. 118.8.3 Isidore that it is one of the nine daughters of covetousnesse Out of p 22. qu. 159 1. 2. 2. Aquinas that it is the withholding of a deed of charitie an q 22. qu. 118.8.3 obduration or the hardning of the heart against mercy Out of r Comment in hunc locū Mercer that it is a breach of natures law and an abolishing of all kindnesse And so I come to make some vse of this doctrine The vse is to stirre vs vp to the exercises of humanity mercy I will not now make any long declamation against inhumanitie and vnmercifulnesse yet my text requireth that I speake somewhat to it There was a time when righteousnesse seemed to be taken vp into the clouds and the earth to be void of it It was in the daies of the Prophet Esay He then cryed out chap. 45.8 O yee heavens send the dew from aboue and let the cloudes drop downe righteousnesse The time is now when loue seemeth to be taken vp into the cloudes and the earth to bee void of it Now may we cry out O yee heavens send the dew from aboue let the cloudes drop downe Iou● that the 〈…〉 ob●rlis●● Nabals of this present generation may now at length knowe that they are not borne for themselues only but for their poore neighbours also Your poore neighbours who stand in need of you by very prerogatiue of mankind haue an interest in your succour and service But it may be that some are so farre from all humanitie that this prerogatiue of mankind will not moue them to doe any worke of charitie Such hard hearts let them heare what the law is Deut. 15.7 If one of thy brethren with thee be poore within any of thy gates in thy land which the LORD thy God gi●eth thee thou shalt not harden thine hearts nor shut thine hand from thy poore brother But thou shalt open thy hand vnto him shalt lend him sufficient for his need I knowe flesh and blood will obiect Shall I lend my neighbour sufficient for his need I soone exhaust my substance and liue in w●n● my selfe I reply O thou of little faith why fearest thou Looke backe vpon the blessing of God relie vpon it he through his benediction will make thee large recōpense Of this thou maist be assured if thou wilt haue recourse to the fore cited chapter Deut 15.10 There art thou infallibly promised for thy almes deeds done to the needy that the LORD thy God shall blesse thee in all thy workes and in all that thou puttest thine hand to My exhortation is no other then that of the Prophet Esai chap. 58.7 Deale thy bread to the 〈◊〉 bring the poore wanderer to thine house If thou seest him naked cover him hee is thine owne flesh hide not thy selfe from him Thy liberalitie will bring thee great advantage whereof thou wilt not doubt if thou consider the ●ext verse Thy light shal breake forth as the morning thy health shall grow speedily thy righteousnesse shall goe before thee the glorie of the LORD shall embrace thee Seest thou not an heape of blessings one vpon another Looke into the booke of Psalmes In the beginning of the 41. Psal many a sweet promise is made thee cōditionally that thou 〈…〉 LO●D shall deliver thee in the 〈…〉 preserue thee aliue hee shall bli●● 〈◊〉 ●pon 〈◊〉 earth he will not deliver thee to the will of thine 〈…〉 will strengthen thee vpon thy bad of sorrow and will 〈…〉 of thy sick●●●se I might wearie you and my selfe in the pursuit of this point Here I stop my course with recommendatiō of one only place that a very rem●●keable one Prov. 19.17 He that hath mercy vpon the poore ●●deth to the LORD and the LORD will recompense 〈◊〉 ●hat which he hath giuen Behold and ●ee how gracious and good the LORD is If you show pitie and compassion vpon the poore God will recōpense you to the full yea in the largenes of his mercies he will reward you plentifully It w●● gr●●e ●xhortation of a ſ Tobitto his sonne Tobias cap. 4.7 father to his sonne Giue 〈…〉 g●●st almes let not thine eie 〈…〉 poore l●●st that God turne his 〈…〉 according to thy substance if thou ha●● 〈◊〉 a little 〈◊〉 not afraid to giue a little So shalt thou lay vp a good store for thy selfe against the day of necessitie Almes will 〈…〉 from death and will not suffer thee to come into the place of darknesse Alm●s is a good gift before the most high to all them which vse it Vse it I beseech you in the bowels of our LORD and Saviour Iesus Christ Bee yee not like Edom in my text Corrupt not your compassions cast not of al pitie suffer yee one with another loue as brethren be pitifull be cour●●ous doe yee good to all men and faint not great shall be your reward in heaven This your service will bee acceptable vnto God God for it will giue you his blessing God will blesse you for the time of your being here and when the day of