manifest_a error_n in_o that_o he_o affirm_v that_o the_o first_o star_n of_o aries_n at_o the_o time_n of_o our_o saviour_n naâ—…ivity_n be_v in_o the_o very_a vernal_a intersection_n especial_o contend_v to_o prove_v it_o as_o he_o do_v out_o of_o ptolemy_n observation_n out_o of_o which_o it_o plain_o appear_v that_o it_o be_v behind_o it_o no_o less_o than_o 5._o degree_n in_o like_a manner_n the_o place_n of_o the_o solstice_n be_v also_o change_v as_o be_v always_o equal_o distant_a from_o the_o equinoctial_a point_n this_o mâ—…tion_n be_v finish_v upon_o the_o pole_n of_o the_o ecliptic_a as_o be_v agree_v upon_o both_o by_o hipparchus_n and_o ptolemy_n and_o all_o the_o rest_n that_o have_v come_v after_o they_o which_o be_v the_o reaso_n that_o the_o fix_a star_n have_v always_o keep_v the_o same_o latitude_n though_o they_o have_v change_v their_o declination_n for_o confirmation_n whereof_o many_o testimony_n may_v be_v bring_v out_o of_o ptolemy_n lib_n 7._o cap._n 3_o almag_n i_o will_v only_o all_o dg_n one_o more_z not_o able_a than_o the_o râ—…st_n out_o of_o petolomies_n georgr_n lib._n 1._o cap._n 7._o the_o star_n which_o we_o call_v the_o polar_a star_n and_o be_v the_o last_o in_o the_o tail_n of_o the_o bear_n be_v certain_o know_v in_o our_o time_n to_o be_v scarce_o three_o degree_n distant_a from_o the_o pole_n which_o very_a star_n in_o hipparchus_n his_o time_n be_v above_o 12._o degree_n distant_a from_o the_o pole_n as_o merinus_n in_o ptolemy_n affirm_v i_o will_v produce_v the_o whole_a passage_n which_o be_v thus_o in_o the_o torrid_a zone_n say_v he_o the_o whole_a zodiac_n pass_v over_o it_o and_o therefore_o the_o shadow_n be_v cast_v both_o way_n and_o all_o starrr_n there_o be_v see_v to_o rise_v and_o set_v only_o the_o little_a bear_n begin_v to_o appear_v above_o the_o horixon_n in_o those_o place_n that_o be_v 5_o 0_o furlong_n northward_o from_o ocele_n for_o the_o parallel_n that_o pass_v through_o ocele_n 〈◊〉_d distant_a from_o the_o aequator_fw-la 11._o gra_fw-mi â…–_n and_o hipparchus_n affirm_v that_o the_o star_n in_o the_o end_n of_o the_o little_a bear_n tail_n which_o be_v the_o most_o southward_o of_o that_o constellation_n be_v distant_a from_o the_o pole_n 12._o degree_n â…–_n this_o excellent_a testimony_n of_o he_o the_o interpreter_n have_v in_o their_o translate_n the_o place_n most_o strange_o corrupt_v aâ—…_n both_o johannes_n wernerus_n and_o after_o he_o peter_n nonius_n have_v observe_v set_v down_o in_o stead_n of_o 500_o quinque_fw-la mille_fw-la 5000_o and_o for_o australissimam_fw-la the_o most_o southern_a borealissimam_fw-la the_o most_o northerly_a be_v lead_v into_o this_o error_n perhaps_o because_o that_o this_o star_n be_v indeed_o in_o our_o time_n the_o most_o northern_a but_o if_o these_o testimony_n of_o marinus_n and_o ptolemy_n in_o this_o point_n be_v substract_v strabo_n in_o his_o lib._n 2._o geogr._n shall_v acquit_v they_o of_o this_o crime_n and_o he_o write_v thus_o it_o be_v affirm_v by_o hipparchus_n say_v he_o that_o those_o that_o inhabit_v under_o the_o parallel_n that_o run_v through_o the_o country_n call_v cinnamomifera_n which_o be_v distant_a from_o meroe_n southward_o 3000._o furlong_n and_o from_o the_o equinoctial_a 8800._o be_v situate_v almost_o in_o the_o midst_n betwixt_o the_o aequator_fw-la and_o the_o summer_n tropic_n which_o pass_v through_o syene_n which_o be_v distant_a from_o meroe_n 5000._o furlong_n and_o these_o that_o dwell_v here_o be_v the_o first_o that_o have_v the_o constellation_n of_o the_o little_a bear_n enclose_v within_o their_o arctic_a circle_n so_o that_o it_o never_o set_v with_o they_o for_o the_o bright_a star_n that_o be_v see_v in_o the_o end_n of_o the_o tail_n which_o be_v also_o the_o most_o southward_o of_o all_o be_v so_o place_v in_o the_o very_a cirele_n itself_o that_o it_o do_v touch_v the_o horizon_n this_o be_v the_o testimony_n of_o strabo_n which_o be_v the_o very_a same_o that_o ptolemy_n and_o merinus_n affirm_v save_v that_o both_o in_o this_o place_n and_o elsewhere_o he_o always_o assign_v 700._o furlong_n in_o the_o earth_n to_o a_o degree_n in_o the_o heaven_n according_a to_o the_o doctrine_n of_o eratosthenes_n whereas_o both_o marinus_n and_o ptolemy_n allow_v but_o 500_o only_a os_fw-la which_o we_o shall_v speak_v more_o hereafter_o let_v we_o now_o come_v to_o the_o lesser_a circle_n which_o be_v describe_v in_o the_o globe_n and_o these_o be_v all_o parallel_n to_o the_o aequator_fw-la as_o first_o of_o all_o the_o tropicke_n which_o be_v circle_n draw_v through_o the_o point_n of_o the_o great_a declination_n of_o the_o ecliptic_a on_o each_o side_n of_o the_o aequator_fw-la of_o which_o that_o which_o look_v towards_o the_o north_n tropic_a pole_n be_v call_v the_o tropic_n of_o cancer_n and_o the_o other_o border_v on_o the_o south_n the_o tropic_n of_o capricorn_n for_o the_o sun_n in_o his_o yearly_a motion_n through_o the_o ecliptic_a arrive_v at_o these_o point_n as_o his_o utmost_a bound_n râ—…turneth_v again_o towards_o the_o aequator_fw-la this_o retrocession_n be_v call_v by_o the_o greek_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o the_o parallel_n circle_n draw_v through_o the_o same_o point_n be_v likewise_o call_v tropicke_n pont_n the_o use_n of_o those_o tropicke_n be_v first_o to_o show_v when_o the_o sun_n in_o a_o oblique_a sphere_n be_v near_o the_o vertical_a point_n of_o any_o place_n and_o so_o likewise_o when_o the_o far_a off_o second_o they_o show_v when_o the_o sun_n in_o his_o diurnal_a motion_n make_v the_o long_a or_o short_a day_n in_o the_o year_n three_o they_o be_v as_o it_o be_v the_o limit_n and_o bound_n wherein_o the_o sun_n finish_v his_o yearly_a course_n four_o they_o distinguish_v the_o torrid_a zone_n in_o the_o heaven_n from_o the_o two_o temperate_a zone_n the_o distance_n of_o the_o tropic_n from_o the_o aequator_fw-la be_v diverse_o alter_v as_o it_o may_v plain_o appear_v by_o compare_v the_o observation_n of_o late_a time_n with_o those_o of_o the_o ancient_n for_o not_o to_o speak_v any_o thing_n of_o strabo_n proclus_n and_o leontius_n mechanicus_fw-la who_o all_o assign_v the_o distance_n of_o either_o tropic_n from_o the_o aequator_fw-la to_o be_v 24._o degreeâ—…_n for_o these_o seem_v to_o have_v handle_v the_o matterbut_n careless_o we_o may_v observe_v the_o same_o from_o the_o more_o accurate_a observation_n of_o the_o great_a artist_n for_o ptolemy_n find_v the_o distance_n of_o either_o tropic_n to_o be_v 23._o gr_n 51._o min._n and_o â…“_n just_a as_o great_a aâ—…_n eratosthenes_n and_o hipparchus_n have_v find_v it_o before_o he_o and_o therefore_o he_o conceive_v it_o to_o be_v immutable_a machomethes_n aratensis_fw-la observe_v this_o distan_n to_o be_v 23._o degree_n 35._o minute_n right_o as_o almamon_n king_n of_o arabia_n have_v do_v before_o he_o arzâ—…l_v the_o spaniard_n find_v it_o to_o be_v in_o his_o time_n 23._o degee_n 34._o minute_n almehon_n the_o son_n of_o albumasar_n 23_o degree_n 33._o minute_n and_o half_o a_o minute_n prophatius_fw-la a_o jew_n 23._o degree_n 32._o minute_n purbachius_n and_o regiomontanus_n 25._o degree_n 28._o minute_n johan_n wernerus_n 23_o degree_n and_o 28._o minute_n and_o a_o half_a and_o copernicus_n find_v it_o in_o his_o time_n to_o be_v just_a as_o much_o pont_n this_o distance_n of_o the_o tropicke_n from_o the_o aequator_fw-la be_v cause_v by_o the_o sun_n great_a declination_n as_o the_o astronomer_n call_v it_o which_o great_a declination_n of_o the_o sun_n have_v be_v at_o divers_a time_n find_v to_o be_v variable_a for_o begin_n as_o sar_n backward_o as_o possible_o we_o can_v and_o so_o drive_v it_o down_o by_o the_o olympiad_n and_o the_o year_n of_o christ_n even_o to_o these_o present_a time_n according_a to_o tychoes_n calculation_n we_o find_v it_o to_o be_v thus_o both_o in_o the_o degree_n and_o minute_n as_o be_v here_o express_v in_o this_o ensue_a table_n  _fw-fr gr_fw-fr m._n 11._o  _fw-fr aratus_n 24._o 0._o 0._o olympiad_n hipparchus_n 23._o 51½_n 124._o eratosthenes_n  _fw-fr 127._o ptolomaeus_n 23._o 51._o 20_o a_o christi_fw-la 140._o albategnius_n 23._o 35._o 0._o 749._o arzahel_n 23._o 34._o 0._o 1070._o almeon_n 23._o 33_o ½_o 1140._o prophatius_fw-la judaeus_n 23._o 32._o 0._o 1300._o purbachius_n 23._o 29._o 30._o 1458._o regiomontanus_n 23._o 30._o 0._o 1490._o copernicus_n 23._o 38_o 30._o 1500._o tycho_n brahe_n 23._o 31._o ½_o 1592._o to_o which_o we_o may_v add_v these_o word_n out_o of_o tychoe_n 1._o book_n of_o new_a star_n which_o appear_v an._n 1572._o p._n 101._o where_o he_o say_v that_o by_o certain_a observation_n it_o have_v be_v find_v that_o both_o the_o sun_n great_a declination_n as_o also_o the_o other_o intermediat_a by_o the_o same_o reason_n be_v alter_v as_o it_o be_v testify_v by_o the_o whole_a current_n of_o the_o most_o skilful_a artist_n
by_o pliny_n and_o solinus_n oâ—…_n casius_n in_o syria_n from_o who_o top_n the_o sun_n rise_v be_v discover_v about_o the_o four_o watch_n of_o the_o night_n which_o be_v also_o relate_v by_o mela_n of_o that_o other_o casius_n in_o arabia_n but_o that_o all_o these_o relation_n be_v no_o other_o than_o mere_a fable_n be_v acute_o and_o solid_o prove_v by_o petrus_n noninus_fw-la out_o of_o the_o veâ—…y_a principle_n â—…f_a geometry_n as_o for_o that_o which_o eustathius_n write_v that_o hercules_n pillâ—…_n call_v by_o the_o greek_n calpe_n and_o abenna_n be_v celebrate_v by_o dionysius_n perlegetes_n for_o their_o miraculous_a height_n be_v plain_o absurd_a and_o ridiculous_a for_o these_o aâ—…ise_v not_o above_o a_o hundred_o ell_n in_o height_n which_o be_v but_o a_o furlong_n whereas_o the_o pyramid_n of_o egypt_n be_v report_v by_o strabo_n to_o equal_v that_o height_n and_o some_o tree_n in_o india_n be_v find_v to_o exceed_v it_o if_o we_o may_v credit_v the_o relation_n of_o those_o writer_n who_o in_o the_o same_o strabo_n affirm_v that_o there_o grow_v a_o tree_n by_o the_o river_n hyarotis_n that_o cast_v a_o shadow_n at_o noon_n five_o furlong_n long_o those_o fabulous_a narration_n of_o the_o ancient_n be_v second_v by_o as_o vain_a report_n of_o our_o modern_a time_n and_o first_o of_o all_o scaliger_n write_v from_o other_o man_n relation_n that_o tenariff_n one_o of_o the_o canary_n island_n rise_v in_o height_n fifteen_o league_n which_o amount_v to_o above_o sixty_o mile_n but_o patricius_n not_o content_a with_o this_o measure_n stretchth_n it_o to_o seventy_o mile_n there_o be_v other_o hill_n in_o like_a manner_n cry_v up_o for_o their_o great_a height_n as_o namely_o the_o mountain_n andi_fw-la in_o peâ—…u_n and_o another_o in_o the_o isle_n pico_n among_o the_o azore_n island_n but_o yet_o both_o these_o fall_v short_a of_o tenariffe_n what_o credit_n the_o relation_n may_v desâ—…rve_v we_o will_v now_o examine_v and_o first_o for_o tenariffe_n it_o be_v report_v by_o many_o writer_n to_o be_v of_o so_o great_a a_o height_n that_o it_o be_v probable_a the_o whole_a world_n afford_v not_o a_o more_o eminent_a place_n nâ—…t_o exâ—…pting_v the_o mountain_n sloâ—…us_n it_o selâ—…_n which_o whether_o ever_o any_o other_o mortal_a man_n have_v see_v beside_o that_o monk_n of_o oxford_n who_o by_o his_o skill_n in_o magic_n convey_v himself_o into_o the_o utmost_a northern_a region_n and_o take_v a_o view_n of_o all_o the_o place_n about_o the_o pole_n as_o the_o story_n have_v it_o be_v more_o than_o i_o be_o able_a to_o determine_v yet_o that_o this_o isle_n can_v be_v so_o high_a as_o scaliger_n will_v have_v it_o we_o may_v be_v the_o more_o bold_a to_o believe_v because_o that_o the_o top_n of_o it_o be_v scarce_o ever_o free_a from_o snow_n so_o that_o you_o shall_v have_v they_o cover_v all_o over_o with_o snow_n all_o the_o year_n long_o save_v only_o one_o or_o at_o the_o most_o two_o month_n in_o the_o midst_n of_o summer_n as_o may_v appear_v out_o of_o the_o spanish_a writer_n now_o that_o any_o sâ—…ow_n be_v generate_v 60_o or_o 70_o mile_n above_o the_o plain_a superficies_n of_o the_o earth_n and_o water_n be_v more_o than_o they_o will_v ever_o persuade_v we_o see_v that_o the_o high_a vapourâ—…_n never_o rise_v above_o 48_o mile_n above_o the_o earth_n according_a to_o eratosthenes_n his_o measure_n but_o according_a to_o ptolemy_n they_o ascend_v not_o above_o 41_o mile_n notwithstanding_o cardan_n and_o some_o other_o profess_a mathematician_n be_v bold_a to_o raise_v they_o up_o to_o 288_o mile_n but_o with_o no_o smaâ—…_n stain_v of_o their_o name_n have_v they_o mix_v those_o trifle_n with_o their_o other_o write_n solinus_n report_v that_o the_o top_n of_o the_o mountain_n atlas_n reach_v very_o near_o as_o high_a as_o the_o circle_n of_o the_o moon_n but_o he_o betray_v his_o own_o error_n in_o that_o he_o confess_v that_o the_o top_n of_o it_o be_v cover_v with_o snow_n and_o shine_v with_o fire_n in_o the_o night_n not_o unlike_a to_o this_o be_v those_o thiâ—…gs_n which_o be_v report_v of_o the_o some_o mountain_n and_o its_o height_n by_o herodotus_n dionysius_n afer_n and_o his_o scholiast_n eustathius_n whence_o it_o be_v call_v in_o author_n coelorum_fw-la columen_fw-la the_o pillar_n that_o bear_v up_o the_o heaven_n but_o to_o let_v pass_v these_o vain_a prodigious_a relation_n let_v we_o come_v to_o those_o thing_n that_o seem_v to_o carry_v a_o great_a show_n of_o truth_n eratosthenes_n find_v by_o dioptricall_a instrument_n and_o measure_v the_o distance_n betwixt_o the_o place_n of_o his_o observation_n that_o a_o perpendicular_a draw_v from_o the_o top_n of_o the_o high_a mountain_n down_o to_o the_o low_a bottom_n or_o valley_n do_v not_o exceed_v ten_o furlong_n cleomedes_n say_v that_o there_o be_v no_o hill_n find_v to_o be_v above_o fifteen_o furlongâ—…_n in_o height_n and_o so_o high_a as_o this_o be_v that_o vast_a steep_a rock_n in_o bactriana_n which_o be_v call_v sisimitrae_fw-la petra_n mention_v by_o strabo_n in_o the_o 11_o book_n of_o his_o geography_n the_o top_n of_o the_o thessalian_a mountatn_n be_v raiscd_v to_o a_o great_a height_n by_o solinus_n then_o ever_o it_o be_v possible_a for_o any_o hill_n to_o reach_v yet_o if_o we_o may_v belieu_v pliny_n dicaearchus_n be_v employ_v by_o the_o king_n command_n in_o the_o same_o business_n find_v that_o the_o height_n of_o pelion_n which_o be_v the_o high_a of_o all_o exceed_v not_o 1250_o pase_n which_o be_v but_o ten_o furlong_n but_o to_o proceed_v yet_o a_o little_a further_o lest_o we_o shall_v seem_v too_o spare_v herein_o and_o to_o restrain_v they_o within_o narrow_a limit_n than_o we_o ought_v we_o will_v add_v to_o the_o height_n of_o hill_n the_o depth_n also_o of_o the_o sea_n of_o which_o the_o illustrious_a julius_n scaliger_n in_o his_o 38._o exercitation_n against_o cardan_n write_v thus_o the_o depth_n of_o the_o sea_n say_v he_o be_v not_o very_o great_a for_o it_o seldom_o exceed_v 80_o paseâ—…_n in_o most_o place_n it_o be_v not_o 20_o pase_n and_o in_o many_o place_n not_o above_o six_o in_o few_o place_n it_o reach_v 100_o pase_n and_o very_a seldâ—…me_n or_o never_o exceed_v this_o number_n but_o because_o that_o fall_v very_o far_o short_a of_o the_o truth_n as_o be_v testify_v by_o the_o daily_a experience_n of_o those_o that_o pass_v the_o seâ—…s_n let_v we_o make_v the_o depth_n of_o the_o sea_n equal_a to_o the_o height_n of_o mountain_n so_o that_o suppose_v the_o depth_n thereof_o to_o be_v ten_o furlong_n which_o be_v the_o measure_n of_o the_o saâ—…dinian_a sea_n in_o the_o deep_a place_n as_o posidonius_n in_o strabo_n affirm_v or_o if_o you_o please_v let_v it_o be_v fifteen_o furlong_n as_o cleomedes_n and_o fabianus_n cite_v by_o pliny_n lib._n 2._o c._n 102._o will_v have_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d for_o georg._n valla_n in_o his_o interpretation_n of_o cleomedes_n deal_v not_o fair_o with_o his_o author_n where_o he_o make_v he_o assign_v thirty_o furlong_n to_o be_v the_o measure_n of_o the_o sea_n depth_n these_o ground_n be_v thus_o lay_v let_v we_o now_o see_v what_o proportion_n the_o height_n of_o hill_n may_v bear_v to_o the_o diameter_n of_o the_o whole_a earth_n that_o so_o we_o may_v hence_o gather_v that_o the_o extubcrancy_n of_o hill_n be_v able_a to_o detract_v little_a or_o nothing_o from_o the_o roundness_n of_o the_o earth_n but_o that_o this_o excrescency_n will_v be_v but_o like_o a_o little_a knob_v or_o dust_n upon_o a_o ball_n as_o cleomedes_n say_v for_o if_o we_o suppose_v the_o circumference_n of_o the_o whole_a earth_n to_o be_v 180000_o furlong_n according_a to_o ptolemy_n account_n neither_o do_v ever_o any_o of_o the_o ancient_n assign_v a_o less_o measure_n than_o this_o as_o strabo_n witness_v the_o diameter_n thereof_o will_v be_v according_a to_o the_o proportion_n betwixt_o a_o circle_n and_o its_o diameter_n find_v out_o by_o archimedes_n above_o 57272._o furlâ—…ng_n if_o then_o we_o grant_v the_o high_a hill_n to_o be_v ten_o furlong_n high_a according_a to_o eratosthenes_n and_o dicaearchus_n they_o will_v bear_v the_o same_o proportion_n to_o the_o diameter_n of_o the_o earth_n â—…hat_o be_v betwixt_o one_o and_o 5727._o peucerus_n mistake_v himself_o when_o he_o say_v that_o the_o diameter_n of_o the_o earth_n to_o the_o perpendicular_a of_o ten_o furlong_n be_v as_o 18000._o to_o one_o for_o this_o be_v the_o proportien_n it_o bear_v to_o the_o whole_a circumference_n and_o not_o the_o diameter_n or_o suppose_v the_o top_n of_o the_o â—…ighest_a hill_n to_o ascend_v to_o the_o perpendicular_a of_o â—…ifteene_a furlong_n as_o cleomedes_n will_v have_v it_o â—…he_o proportion_n then_o will_v be_v of_o one_o to_o 3818._o or_o if_o â—…ouplease_v let_v it_o be_v thirty_o furlong_n of_o which_o â—…height_n be_v
that_o 15._o german_n mile_n be_v as_o much_o as_o 60._o itslian_n and_o 60._o italian_n mile_n contain_v 480._o furlong_n which_o be_v less_o than_o ptolemy_n measure_n by_o 20._o furlong_n which_o make_v up_o two_o italian_a mile_n and_o a_o half_a the_o spaniard_n reckon_v to_o a_o degree_n some_o of_o they_o 16._o league_n and_o two_o three_o part_n and_o some_o seventeen_o and_o a_o half_a but_o how_o their_o measure_n stand_v compare_v with_o the_o grecian_a furlong_n or_o with_o the_o english_a italian_a or_o german_a mile_n i_o have_v not_o yet_o certain_o learn_v yet_o nonius_n seem_v to_o equal_v the_o spanish_a league_n with_o the_o schoenus_n or_o parasanga_n which_o if_o it_o be_v so_o than_o those_o that_o allow_v 16._o league_n and_o 2._o three_o to_o a_o degree_n have_v the_o same_o measure_n that_o ptolemy_n have_v deliver_v but_o those_o that_o allow_v 17._o and_o a_o half_a make_v it_o somewhat_o too_o large_a it_o only_o now_o remain_v to_o see_v what_o be_v the_o doctrine_n of_o the_o arabian_n concern_v this_o matter_n of_o which_o the_o most_o ancient_a have_v assign_v to_o the_o whole_a circumference_n of_o the_o earth_n 2400._o miles_n or_o 8000._o parasangae_fw-la so_o that_o after_o this_o computation_n a_o degree_n must_v contain_v 66._o miles_n with_o two_o three_o part_n and_o this_o measure_n be_v use_v by_o alhazenus_n in_o the_o end_n of_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr crepusclis_fw-la alfraganus_fw-la and_o some_o of_o the_o late_a arabic_a writer_n since_o almamons_n time_n do_v general_o account_v 20400._o mile_n to_o be_v the_o just_a measure_n of_o the_o terrestrial_a globe_n so_o that_o one_o degree_n contain_v by_o this_o reckon_n 56_o miles_n and_o a_o three_o part_n and_o it_o be_v report_v by_o abilfedea_n in_o the_o begin_n of_o his_o geography_n how_o that_o by_o the_o command_n of_o almanon_n king_n of_o the_o arabian_n or_o caliph_n of_o babylon_n there_o be_v certain_a man_n employ_v who_o shall_v observe_v in_o the_o plain_a field_n of_o singar_fw-la and_o the_o adjoin_a sea_n coast_n mean_v the_o place_n in_o a_o direct_a linetoward_a the_o pole_n how_o many_o mile_n answer_v to_o a_o degree_n and_o that_o they_o find_v by_o just_a computation_n that_o in_o go_v the_o space_n of_o one_o degree_n there_o be_v spend_v full_o 56._o mile_n without_o any_o fraction_n and_o sometime_o 56._o miles_n and_o a_o three_o part_n which_o make_v up_o 1333._o cubit_n with_o two_o 〈◊〉_d but_o now_o what_o proportion_n the_o arabian_a mile_n bear_v to_o we_o or_o the_o italian_a or_o germane_a mile_n be_v not_o so_o easy_a to_o determine_v yeâ—…_n conjecture_v it_o can_v be_v loss_n than_o teâ—…_n furlong_n the_o parasanga_n as_o christmannusâ—…ils_v â—…ils_z we_o out_o of_o abilfedea_n that_o great_a arabian_a geographer_n contain_v three_o arabian_a mile_n according_a to_o the_o doctrine_n both_o of_o the_o ancient_n and_o modern_a writer_n among_o they_o now_o a_o parasanga_n as_o it_o appear_v plain_o out_o of_o herodotus_n xenophon_n and_o other_o contain_v thirty_o furlong_n so_o that_o by_o this_o account_n every_o mile_n must_v comprehend_v ten_o furlong_n and_o for_o confirmation_n of_o this_o we_o may_v observe_v that_o among_o the_o greek_n there_o be_v two_o kind_n of_o cubit_n in_o use_n the_o one_o the_o common_a or_o ordinary_a cubit_n which_o contain_v two_o foot_n and_o a_o half_a of_o grecian_a measure_n or_o twenty_o four_o digitt_n of_o which_o sixteen_o go_v to_o a_o foot_n the_o other_o be_v the_o king_n cubit_n in_o use_n among_o the_o persian_n which_o be_v great_a than_o the_o common_a cubit_n by_o three_o finger_n breadth_n now_o alfraganus_n affirm_v that_o the_o arabian_a mile_n contain_v 4000_o cubit_n according_a to_o the_o ordinary_a measure_n so_o that_o if_o this_o cubit_n be_v equal_a to_o the_o grecian_a cubit_n one_o of_o their_o mile_n will_v then_o contain_v 6000._o grecian_a foot_n which_o make_v up_o ten_o furlong_n now_o whereas_o the_o parasanga_n be_v reckon_v by_o some_o to_o contain_v 40._o furlong_n and_o by_o other_o 60._o yet_o no_o body_n allow_v to_o it_o less_o than_o 30._o with_o which_o late_a account_n if_o we_o shall_v with_o herodotus_n xenophon_n and_o other_o rest_v ourselves_o content_v neither_o indeed_o be_v it_o our_o intention_n to_o stand_v long_o in_o dispute_v whether_o or_o no_o in_o diverse_a place_n the_o measure_n of_o the_o parasanga_n be_v also_o different_a as_o strabo_n seem_v to_o think_v who_o observe_v the_o very_a same_o difference_n in_o the_o egyptian_n schoenus_n when_o as_o be_v convey_v on_o the_o river_n nilus_n from_o one_o city_n to_o another_o he_o observe_v that_o the_o egyptian_n in_o diverse_a place_n use_v diverse_a measure_n of_o their_o schoenus_n i_o say_v if_o we_o shall_v rest_v upon_o their_o determination_n who_o assign_v but_o 30_o furlong_n to_o a_o parasanga_n then_o one_o of_o the_o arabian_a mile_n will_v contain_v ten_o furlong_n at_o the_o least_o which_o conjecture_n if_o â—…hey_n be_v true_a we_o can_v then_o assent_v to_o those_o learned_a man_n p._n nonius_n and_o jacobus_n christmannus_n who_o will_v have_v the_o arabian_a mile_n to_o be_v all_o one_o with_o the_o italian_a in_o this_o so_o great_a diversity_n of_o opinion_n concerue_v the_o true_a measure_n of_o the_o earth_n circumference_n let_v it_o be_v free_a for_o every_o man_n to_o follow_v whosoever_o he_o please_v yet_o be_v it_o not_o that_o the_o late_a arabian_n do_v countermâ—…nd_v we_o by_o propose_v to_o we_o their_o position_n which_o they_o aver_v to_o have_v be_v ground_v upon_o most_o certain_a and_o exact_a mensuration_n of_o the_o distance_n of_o place_n we_o shall_v not_o doubt_v to_o prefer_v ptolemy_n opinion_n i_o will_v here_o propose_v unto_o your_o view_n a_o list_n of_o all_o those_o opinion_n which_o carry_v in_o they_o any_o show_n of_o probability_n author_n furlong_n the_o circuit_n of_o the_o whole_a earth_n contain_v according_a to_o strabo_n and_o hipperchus_fw-la 252000._o eratosthenes_n 250000._o posidonus_fw-la &_o the_o ancient_a arabian_n 240000._o ptolemy_n and_o our_o englishman_n 180000._o the_o modern_a arabian_n 204000_o the_o italian_n and_o german_n 172800._o author_n furlong_n the_o measure_n of_o a_o degree_n according_a to_o strabo_n and_o hipparchus_n 700._o eratosthenes_n 694â…˜_n posidomus_fw-la &_o the_o ancient_a arabian_n 666â…”_n ptolemy_n and_o our_o english_a man_n 500_o the_o late_a arabian_n 566â…”_n italian_n and_o german_n 480._o miles_n furiongs_n the_o italian_a contain_v 8._o english_a 8â…“_n arabian_n 10_o german_n 32_o pont_n for_o the_o find_n out_o of_o the_o circumference_n or_o circuit_n of_o the_o terrestrial_a globe_n these_o hypothesis_n be_v first_o to_o be_v lay_v down_o for_o a_o ground_n 〈◊〉_d that_o the_o great_a circle_n in_o the_o earth_n as_o well_o as_o in_o the_o heaven_n be_v to_o be_v divide_v into_o 360._o part_n or_o degree_n 2._o that_o one_o of_o these_o degree_n do_v contain_v 500_o furlong_n or_o 62500_o roman_a pase_n and_o 60._o english_a mile_n 3._o that_o 8._o furlong_n and_o a_o three_o part_n make_v a_o english_a mile_n these_o thing_n be_v presuppose_v we_o must_v multiply_v 360._o degree_n by_o 60_o mile_n which_o do_v the_o product_n will_v be_v 21_o 600._o english_a mile_n or_o if_o you_o multiply_v 360._o degree_n by_o 500_o furlong_n the_o whole_a will_v be_v 180000_o furlong_n which_o be_v the_o measure_n of_o the_o circumference_n of_o the_o earth_n so_o likewise_o if_o 360._o be_v multiply_v by_o 15._o the_o whole_a will_v be_v 5400._o german_n mile_n and_o if_o the_o number_n of_o the_o degree_n be_v multiply_v by_o 25._o there_o well_o arise_v 9000._o french_a mile_n all_o which_o may_v be_v thus_o express_v a_o degree_n contain_v 15._o german_a mile_n each_o of_o which_o contain_v several_o 4000_o paâ—…s_n 60._o italian_n 1000_o 60._o english_a 1000_o 25_o french_a  _fw-fr 17._o spanish_n 2400_o in_o like_a manner_n the_o circumferance_n of_o the_o earth_n maia's_n easy_o be_v find_v out_o by_o any_o of_o the_o fix_a star_n as_o the_o virgin_n spike_n or_o the_o like_a for_o if_o we_o take_v any_o two_o place_n which_o be_v situate_v under_o the_o same_o meridian_n and_o the_o distance_n in_o a_o right_a line_n exact_o know_v so_o that_o in_o both_o place_n the_o meridian_n altitude_n of_o the_o same_o star_n be_v certain_o know_v also_o the_o difference_n of_o its_o altitude_n will_v be_v the_o number_n of_o degree_n of_o distance_n betwixt_o the_o same_o place_n wherefore_o see_n it_o be_v certain_o know_v as_o we_o have_v already_o say_v how_o many_o mile_n answer_v to_o a_o degree_n it_o be_v very_o easy_a then_o to_o gather_v how_o many_o mile_n the_o circumference_n of_o the_o whole_a earth_n be_v also_o as_o for_o example_n suppose_v london_n and_o edenburg_n in_o scotland_n to_o be_v under_o the_o same_o meridian_n and_o the_o elevation_n of_o the_o pole_n
a_o cubic_n all_o and_o some_o a_o pyramidal_a form_n yet_o this_o opinion_n of_o its_o roundness_n with_o great_a consent_n of_o reason_n at_o length_n prevail_v the_o rest_n be_v all_o explode_a now_o we_o affirm_v it_o to_o be_v round_o yet_o so_o as_o that_o we_o also_o admit_v of_o its_o inequality_n by_o reason_n of_o those_o so_o great_a eminence_n of_o hill_n and_o depression_n of_o valley_n eratosthenes_n as_o he_o be_v cite_v by_o strabo_n in_o his_o first_o book_n say_v that_o the_o fashion_n of_o the_o earth_n be_v like_a that_o of_o a_o globe_n not_o so_o exact_o round_a as_o a_o artificial_a globe_n be_v but_o that_o it_o have_v certain_a inequality_n the_o earth_n can_v be_v say_v to_o be_v of_o a_o exact_a orbicular_a form_n by_o reason_n of_o somany_a high_a hill_n and_o low_a plain_n as_o pliny_n right_o observe_v and_o strabo_n also_o in_o his_o first_o book_n of_o his_o geography_n say_v that_o the_o earth_n and_o the_o water_n together_o make_v up_o one_o spherical_a body_n not_o of_o so_o exact_a a_o form_n as_o that_o of_o the_o heaven_n although_o not_o much_o unlike_o it_o this_o assertion_n of_o the_o roundness_n of_o the_o earth_n with_o the_o intervening_a sea_n be_v confirm_v also_o by_o these_o reason_n for_o first_o that_o it_o be_v round_o from_o east_n to_o west_n be_v prove_v by_o the_o sun_n moon_n and_o the_o other_o star_n which_o be_v see_v to_o rise_v and_o set_v first_o with_o those_o that_o inhabit_v more_o eastward_o and_o afterward_o with_o they_o that_o be_v far_a west_n the_o sun_n rise_v with_o the_o persian_n that_o dwell_v in_o the_o eastern_a part_n four_o hour_n soonner_o than_o it_o do_v with_o those_o that_o dwell_v in_o spain_n more_o westward_o as_o cleomedes_n affirm_v the_o same_o be_v also_o prove_v by_o the_o observe_n of_o eclipse_n especial_o those_o of_o the_o moon_n which_o although_o they_o happen_v at_o the_o same_o time_n be_v not_o yet_o observe_v in_o all_o place_n at_o the_o same_o hour_n of_o the_o day_n or_o night_n but_o the_o hour_n of_o their_o appear_v be_v late_a with_o they_o that_o inhabit_v eastward_o than_o it_o be_v with_o the_o more_o western_a people_n a_o eclipse_n of_o the_o moon_n which_o ptolemy_n report_v lib._n 1_o geogr._n cap._n 4._o to_o have_v be_v see_v in_o arbela_n a_o town_n in_o assyria_n at_o the_o five_o hour_n of_o the_o night_n the_o same_o be_v observe_v at_o carthage_n at_o the_o second_o hour_n in_o like_a manner_n a_o eclipse_n of_o the_o sun_n which_o be_v observe_v in_o campania_n to_o be_v betwixt_o 7._o and_o 8._o of_o the_o clock_n be_v see_v by_o coâ—…bulo_n a_o captain_n in_o armenia_n betwixt_o 10â—…_n and_o 11._o as_o it_o be_v relate_v by_o pliny_n now_o that_o it_o be_v also_o of_o a_o spherical_a figure_n from_o north_n to_o south_n may_v be_v clear_o demonstrate_v by_o the_o rise_n setting_n elevation_n and_o depression_n of_o the_o star_n and_o pole_n the_o bright_a star_n that_o shine_v so_o resplendent_o in_o the_o upper_a part_n of_o the_o stern_a of_o the_o ship_n argo_n and_o be_v call_v by_o the_o greeek_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d be_v scarce_o to_o be_v see_v at_o all_o in_o rhodes_n unless_o it_o be_v from_o some_o eminent_a high_a place_n yet_o the_o same_o be_v see_v very_o plain_o in_o alexandria_n as_o be_v elevate_v above_o the_o horizon_n about_o the_o four_o part_n of_o a_o sign_n as_o proclus_n affirm_v in_o the_o end_n of_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr sphaera_fw-la for_o i_o read_v it_o conspicuè_fw-fr cernitur_fw-la not_o as_o it_o be_v common_o prorsus_fw-la non_fw-la cernitur_fw-la notwith_v anding_n that_o both_o the_o greek_a text_n and_o also_o the_o latin_a translation_n be_v against_o it_o another_o argument_n may_v be_v take_v from_o the_o figure_n of_o the_o shadow_n in_o the_o eclipse_n of_o the_o moon_n cause_v by_o the_o interposition_n of_o the_o earth_n opacous_a body_n which_o shadow_n be_v spherical_a can_v proceed_v from_o any_o other_o than_o a_o round_a globous_a body_n as_o it_o be_v demonstrate_v unto_o we_o out_o of_o opticall_a principle_n but_o this_o one_o reason_n be_v beyond_o all_o exception_n that_o those_o that_o make_v towards_o the_o land_n at_o the_o sea_n shall_v first_o of_o all_o descry_v the_o top_n of_o the_o hill_n only_o aâ—…d_v afterward_o as_o they_o draw_v near_o to_o shore_n they_o see_v the_o low_a part_n of_o the_o same_o by_o little_a and_o little_a which_o can_v proceed_v from_o any_o other_o cause_n than_o the_o gibbosity_n of_o the_o earth_n superficies_n as_o for_o those_o other_o opinion_n of_o the_o hollow_a cubicall_a pyramidal_a and_o plain_a figure_n of_o the_o earth_n you_o have_v they_o all_o large_o examine_v both_o in_o theon_n ptolemy_n interpreter_n cleomedes_n and_o almost_o in_o all_o our_o ordinary_a author_n of_o the_o sphere_n together_o with_o the_o reason_n why_o they_o be_v reject_v yet_o that_o old_a conceit_n of_o the_o plainness_n of_o the_o earth_n superficies_n be_v again_o now_o at_o last_o tanquam_fw-la crambe_n recocta_fw-la set_v forth_o in_o a_o new_a dress_n and_o thrust_v upon_o we_o by_o franciscus_n patricius_n who_o by_o some_o few_o eold_a argument_n and_o misunderstand_v experiment_n endeavour_n to_o confirm_v his_o own_o and_o consequent_o to_o overthrow_v that_o other_o receive_v opinion_n of_o the_o spherical_a figure_n of_o the_o earth_n i_o shall_v only_o light_o touch_v at_o his_o chief_a argument_n my_o present_a purpose_n and_o intention_n suffer_v mce_n not_o to_o insist_v long_o on_o the_o confutation_n of_o they_o and_o fâ—…rst_v of_o all_o the_o great_a beight_n of_o hill_n and_o the_o depression_n of_o valley_n so_o much_o disagree_v from_o the_o evenness_n of_o the_o plain_a part_n of_o the_o earth_n scem_fw-la to_o make_v very_o much_o against_o the_o roundness_n of_o the_o earth_n who_o can_v hear_v with_o patience_n say_v he_o that_o those_o huge_a high_a mountain_n of_o norway_n or_o the_o mountain_n slotus_fw-la which_o lie_v under_o the_o pole_n and_o be_v the_o high_a in_o the_o world_n shall_v yet_o be_v think_v to_o have_v the_o same_o superficies_n with_o â—…he_n sealy_v beneath_o it_o this_o therefore_o be_v the_o chief_a reason_n that_o mâ—…y_v seem_v to_o overthrow_v the_o opinion_n of_o the_o earth_n and_o sea_n make_v up_o one_o spherical_a body_n let_v we_o examine_v it_o a_o little_a more_o near_o and_o consider_v how_o great_a this_o inequality_n may_v be_v that_o seem_v to_o make_v so_o much_o against_o the_o evennessc_n of_o this_o yerrestitall_a globe_n many_o strange_a and_o almost_o incredible_a thing_n be_v report_v by_o aristotle_n mela_n pliny_n and_o solinuâ—…_n of_o the_o unusual_a height_n of_o athoâ—…_n a_o hill_n in_o macedonia_n and_o of_o casius_n in_o syria_n as_o also_o of_o another_o of_o the_o same_o name_n in_o arabia_n and_o of_o the_o monntaine_n caucasus_n and_o among_o the_o rest_n one_o of_o the_o most_o miraculous_a thing_n which_o they_o have_v observe_v of_o the_o mountain_n athos_n be_v that_o whereas_o it_o be_v situate_a in_o macedony_n it_o cast_v a_o shadow_n into_o the_o market_n place_n at_o myrrhina_n a_o town_n in_o the_o island_n lemnos_n from_o whence_o athos_n be_v distant_a 86._o mile_n but_o for_o as_o much_o as_o athos_n lie_v westward_o from_o lemnos_n as_o may_v appear_v out_o of_o ptolemy_n table_n no_o marvel_n that_o it_o cast_v so_o large_a a_o shadow_n see_v that_o we_o may_v observe_v by_o daily_a experience_n that_o as_o well_o when_o the_o sunrise_v as_o when_o it_o set_v the_o shadow_n be_v always_o extraordinary_a long_o but_o that_o which_o pliny_n and_o solinus_n report_n of_o the_o same_o mountain_n i_o shall_v rather_o account_v among_o the_o rest_n of_o their_o fabulous_a story_n where_o as_o they_o affirm_v it_o to_o be_v so_o high_a that_o it_o be_v think_v to_o be_v above_o that_o region_n of_o the_o air_n whence_o the_o rain_n be_v wont_a to_o fall_v and_o this_o opinion_n say_v they_o be_v first_o ground_v upon_o a_o report_n that_o there_o go_v that_o the_o ash_n which_o be_v leave_v upon_o the_o altar_n on_o the_o top_n of_o this_o hill_n be_v never_o wash_v away_o but_o be_v find_v remain_v in_o heap_n upon_o the_o same_o to_o this_o may_v be_v add_v another_o testimony_n out_o of_o the_o excerpt_n of_o the_o seven_o book_n of_o strabo_n where_o it_o be_v say_v that_o those_o that_o inhabit_v the_o top_n of_o this_o mountain_n do_v see_v the_o sun_n three_o hour_n soon_o than_o those_o that_o live_v near_o the_o sea_n side_n the_o height_n of_o the_o mountâ—…in_n caucasus_n be_v in_o like_a manner_n celebrate_v by_o arisâ—…otle_n the_o top_n whereof_o be_v enlighten_v by_o the_o sun_n bâ—…ames_n the_o three_o part_n of_o the_o night_n both_o morning_n and_o evening_n no_o less_o fabulous_a be_v that_o which_o be_v report_v
that_o which_o be_v comprehend_v under_o more_o than_o two_o plain_a angle_n which_o be_v not_o in_o the_o same_o superficies_n and_o meeting_n all_o in_o one_o point_n as_o be_v the_o angle_n of_o a_o cube_n or_o die_v rhombus_fw-la be_v a_o figure_n quadrangular_a have_v equal_a side_n but_o not_o equal_a angle_n rhomboide_n be_v a_o figure_n have_v neither_o equal_a side_n nor_o equal_a angle_n yet_o the_o opposite_a side_n and_o angle_n be_v equal_a a_o solid_a body_n be_v that_o which_o have_v length_n breadth_n and_o thickness_n as_o a_o cube_n or_o die_n and_o the_o limit_n or_o extreme_n of_o it_o be_v superficies_n the_o axis_n be_v that_o diameter_n above_o which_o the_o sphere_n or_o globe_n be_v turn_v the_o pole_n of_o a_o sphere_n be_v the_o extreme_n or_o end_n of_o the_o diameter_n and_o be_v terminate_v in_o the_o superficies_n of_o the_o sphere_n a_o sphere_n be_v define_v by_o euclid_n to_o be_v when_o the_o diameter_n of_o a_o semicircle_n remain_v fix_v the_o semicircle_n be_v turn_v about_o till_o it_o return_v again_o to_o the_o place_n whence_o it_o begin_v to_o move_v at_o first_o the_o first_o part_n of_o those_o thing_n which_o be_v common_a both_o to_o the_o celestial_a and_o terrestrial_a globe_n chap._n i._n what_o a_o globe_n be_v with_o the_o part_n thereof_o and_o of_o the_o circle_n of_o the_o globe_n a_o globe_n in_o relation_n to_o our_o present_a purpose_n we_o define_v to_o be_v a_o analogical_a representation_n either_o of_o the_o heaven_n or_o the_o earth_n and_o we_o call_v it_o analogical_a not_o only_o in_o â—…egard_n of_o its_o form_n express_v the_o spherical_a figure_n as_o well_o of_o the_o heaven_n as_o also_o of_o the_o terrâ—…stiall_a globe_n consist_v of_o the_o earth_n itself_o together_o with_o the_o interflow_a sea_n but_o rather_o because_o that_o it_o represent_v unto_o uâ—…_n in_o a_o just_a proportion_n and_o distance_n each_o particular_a constellation_n in_o the_o heaven_n and_o every_o several_a region_n and_o tract_n of_o gâ—…ound_n in_o the_o earth_n together_o with_o certain_a circle_n both_o great_a and_o lâ—…sser_a invent_v by_o artificer_n for_o the_o more_o ready_a computation_n of_o the_o same_o the_o gâ—…eater_a circle_n we_o call_v those_o which_o divide_v the_o whole_a superficies_n of_o the_o globe_n into_o two_o equal_a part_n or_o half_n and_o those_o the_o lesser_a which_o divide_v the_o same_o into_o two_o unequal_a part_n pont_n a_o globe_n be_v also_o call_v a_o sphere_n only_o with_o this_o distinction_n that_o a_o sphere_n be_v proper_o such_o a_o one_o as_o consist_v only_o of_o circle_n or_o little_a hoop_n of_o brass_n or_o like_o matter_n and_o be_v not_o a_o solid_a body_n as_o be_v a_o globe_n the_o latin_n call_v it_o armillaris_n now_o those_o circle_n whereof_o it_o be_v make_v although_o we_o be_v not_o to_o cone_fw-mi eive_v that_o there_o be_v any_o such_o reallone_n in_o the_o heaven_n yet_o they_o have_v be_v invent_v by_o artificer_n to_o the_o end_n that_o by_o mean_n of_o the_o same_o the_o doctrine_n of_o the_o true_a motion_n of_o the_o celestial_a body_n may_v the_o more_o easy_o be_v apprehend_v and_o what_o be_v say_v of_o the_o aequator_fw-la zodiaque_fw-la axe_n and_o the_o other_o circle_n be_v also_o to_o be_v understand_v of_o the_o other_o orb_n themselves_o and_o their_o hypothesis_n for_o as_o concern_v the_o objection_n make_v long_o since_o by_o rhoeticus_fw-la and_o late_o by_o peter_n ramus_n lib._n 2._o schol._n math._n touch_v the_o facility_n the_o ancient_a egyptians_n have_v in_o search_n ing_z out_o the_o course_n of_o the_o star_n i_o think_v it_o not_o amiss_o to_o let_v you_o see_v what_o the_o noble_a tycho_n opinion_n be_v herein_o and_o what_o answer_n he_o once_o upon_o occasion_n give_v ramus_n himself_o propose_v the_o same_o unto_o he_o as_o we_o find_v it_o relate_v by_o himself_o in_o his_o book_n of_o astronomical_a epistle_n pag._n 60._o and_o thus_o it_o be_v quod_fw-la celeberrimus_fw-la ille_fw-la noltri_fw-la aevi_fw-la philosophus_fw-la petus_n ramus_n etc._n etc._n where_o as_o that_o famous_a philosopher_n of_o our_o time_n peter_n ramus_n be_v of_o opinion_n that_o the_o science_n of_o astronomy_n may_v be_v frame_v by_o some_o certain_a logical_a way_n of_o computation_n with_o hypothesis_n this_o be_v nothing_o else_o but_o a_o mere_a groundless_a conjecture_n which_o conâ—…eit_n of_o he_o he_o propose_v indeed_o to_o i_o about_o sixteen_o â—…eares_n since_o when_o as_o we_o be_v together_o at_o auâ—…purge_n wish_v i_o withal_o that_o when_o as_o i_o have_v â—…nce_o reduce_v the_o course_n of_o the_o star_n into_o some_o â—…xact_a order_n by_o the_o hypothesis_n now_o in_o use_n i_o â—…ould_v then_o try_v what_o may_v be_v do_v without_o they_o and_o that_o this_o may_v possible_o be_v effect_v he_o bring_v this_o for_o his_o reason_n because_o that_o he_o have_v read_v that_o the_o egyptians_n have_v ancient_o a_o most_o easy_a and_o facile_a way_n and_o method_n in_o their_o astronomy_n and_o therefore_o see_v that_o this_o way_n of_o computation_n by_o hypothesis_n be_v very_o intricate_a and_o difficult_a it_o must_v needs_o follow_v that_o they_o have_v a_o more_o plain_a and_o compendious_a way_n to_o the_o knowledge_n of_o the_o course_n of_o the_o star_n and_o that_o without_o they_o but_o i_o oppose_v he_o herein_o show_v withal_o that_o it_o be_v altogether_o impossible_a that_o the_o celestial_a apparenâ—…es_n shall_v be_v reduce_v into_o any_o certain_a order_n or_o science_n so_o as_o to_o be_v understand_v without_o the_o helpâ—…_n of_o hypothesis_n and_o that_o this_o facility_n of_o the_o egyptians_n be_v only_o in_o the_o aequator_n of_o the_o planet_n whereby_o they_o free_v themselves_o from_o all_o tedious_a supputation_n whereas_o the_o ease_n and_o facile_a use_n of_o the_o ephemerides_n be_v not_o as_o yet_o bring_v to_o light_n but_o for_o as_o much_o as_o he_o think_v otherwise_o a_o man_n of_o a_o excellent_a apprehension_n and_o wit_n and_o a_o great_a lover_n of_o the_o truth_n seem_v not_o to_o be_v so_o thorough_o acquaint_v with_o the_o hide_a secret_n of_o this_o intricate_a science_n and_o consider_v not_o that_o the_o course_n of_o the_o heavenly_a bodiâ—…s_n do_v not_o keep_v a_o constant_a period_n at_o any_o set_a time_n i_o neither_o can_v nor_o indeed_o desire_v to_o get_v any_o thing_n of_o he_o in_o this_o matter_n he_o have_v many_o sectary_n at_o this_o day_n who_o have_v a_o strong_a faith_n of_o the_o possibility_n of_o this_o thing_n but_o such_o they_o be_v that_o neither_o understand_v the_o matter_n themselves_o nor_o will_v ever_o be_v able_a to_o bring_v it_o to_o any_o effect_n for_o see_v that_o all_o thing_n consist_v in_o number_n weight_n and_o measure_n without_o these_o there_o be_v noâ—…_n any_o thing_n in_o this_o visible_a world_n that_o can_v be_v explain_v or_o understand_v now_o the_o office_n of_o these_o hypothesis_n be_v only_o to_o show_v the_o measure_n of_o the_o apparent_a motion_n of_o the_o heavenly_a body_n by_o circle_n and_o other_o figure_n which_o be_v again_o resolve_v into_o number_n by_o arithmetic_n without_o which_o whosoever_o shall_v think_v to_o attain_v to_o the_o knowledge_n of_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o star_n he_o may_v be_v say_v to_o invoke_v fortune_n as_o the_o proverb_n be_v and_o dream_n of_o some_o strange_a incorporeal_a and_o more_o than_o seraphical_a way_n above_o the_o reach_n of_o humane_a capacity_n beside_o the_o body_n of_o the_o globe_n itself_o and_o those_o â—…hings_n which_o we_o have_v say_v to_o be_v thereon_o inscribe_v there_o be_v also_o annex_v a_o certain_a frame_n with_o necessary_a instrument_n thereto_o belong_v which_o we_o shall_v declare_v in_o order_n the_o fabric_n of_o his_o frame_n be_v thus_o first_o of_o all_o there_o be_v a_o base_a or_o foot_n to_o rest_v upon_o on_o which_o there_o be_v raise_v perpendicular_o six_o c_o pillar_n b_o or_o a_o column_n of_o equal_a length_n and_o distance_n upon_o the_o top_n of_o which_o there_o be_v fasten_v to_o a_o level_n and_o parallel_v to_o the_o base_a a_o round_a plate_n or_o circle_n of_o wood_n of_o a_o sufficient_a breadth_n and_o thickness_n which_o they_o call_v the_o horizon_n because_o that_o the_o uppermost_a superficies_n thereof_o horizon_n perform_v the_o office_n of_o the_o true_a horizon_n for_o it_o be_v so_o place_v that_o it_o divide_v the_o whole_a globe_n â—…nto_o two_o equal_a part_n whereof_o that_o which_o 〈◊〉_d uppermost_o represent_v unto_o we_o the_o visible_a â—…emisphaere_n and_o the_o other_o that_o which_o be_v hide_v â—…omus_fw-la so_o likewise_o that_o circle_n which_o diviâ—…es_v that_o part_n of_o the_o world_n which_o we_o â—…ee_v from_o â—…hat_o other_o which_o we_o see_v not_o be_v call_v the_o horiâ—…on_n and_o that_o point_n which_o be_v direct_o over_o our_o â—…eads_n in_o our_o hemisphere_n and_o be_v
time_n see_v that_o it_o be_v always_o divide_v into_o 12._o intoâ—…4_n â—…4_z equal_a part_n which_o be_v therefore_o call_v equal_a hour_n because_o they_o be_v always_o of_o equal_a length_n fifteen_o degree_n of_o the_o aequator_fw-la rise_v &_o set_v every_o hour_n for_o the_o whole_a aequator_fw-la be_v divide_v into_o 24._o part_n there_o be_v contain_v in_o the_o revolution_n of_o it_o 15._o part_n of_o time_n which_o be_v the_o measure_n of_o a_o hour_n so_o that_o a_o equal_a hour_n be_v the_o 24_o part_n of_o the_o while_o equinoctial_a circle_n in_o the_o latitude_n of_o 49._o degree_n the_o long_a day_n contain_v 16_o hour_n now_o therefore_o when_o it_o be_v 10_o of_o the_o clock_n before_o noon_n or_o the_o six_o hour_n after_o sunrising_n on_o this_o day_n 〈◊〉_d to_o know_v what_o unequal_a hour_n of_o the_o day_n it_o be_v i_o therefore_o dispose_v my_o proportional_a term_n thus_o 16_o give_v 6_o therefore_o 12._o which_o be_v the_o number_n of_o equal_a hour_n in_o every_o day_n or_o nigh_o give_v 4._o and_o and_o a_o half_a and_o if_o we_o desire_v to_o know_v how_o many_o degree_n of_o the_o aequator_fw-la do_v answer_n to_o one_o unequal_a hour_n we_o may_v do_v it_o thus_o namely_o by_o divide_v the_o whole_a number_n of_o degree_n of_o the_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d arch_n by_o 12._o as_o if_o the_o artificial_a day_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d equal_a hour_n in_o length_n than_o the_o arch_n of_o the_o diurnal_a parallel_n will_v be_v 240_o degree_n which_o if_o we_o divide_v by_o 12_o the_o quotient_a which_o 〈◊〉_d will_v show_v the_o number_n of_o degree_n in_o the_o aequator_fw-la that_o answer_n to_o one_o unequal_a â—…ou_fw-mi 〈◊〉_d like_o method_n also_o be_v to_o be_v observe_v in_o find_v out_o the_o length_n of_o the_o unequal_a hour_n of_o the_o night_n chap._n fourteen_o to_o find_v out_o the_o longitude_n latitude_n and_o declination_n of_o any_o fix_a star_n as_o it_o be_v express_v in_o the_o globe_n the_o longitude_n of_o a_o star_n be_v a_o arch_n of_o ecliptic_a intercept_v betwixt_o two_o of_o the_o great_a circle_n which_o be_v draw_v through_o the_o pole_n of_o the_o ecliptic_a the_o one_o of_o which_o pass_v through_o the_o intersection_n of_o the_o aequator_fw-la and_o ecliptic_a and_o the_o other_o through_o the_o centre_n of_o the_o star_n the_o latitude_n of_o a_o star_n be_v the_o distance_n of_o it_o from_o the_o eccliptick_a which_o be_v also_o to_o be_v reckon_v in_o that_o circle_n which_o pass_v through_o the_o centre_n thereof_o now_o if_o you_o desire_v to_o find_v out_o either_o of_o these_o you_o must_v take_v the_o quadrant_n of_o altitude_n or_o any_o other_o quadrant_n of_o a_o circle_n that_o be_v but_o exact_o divide_v into_o 90_o part_n and_o lay_v one_o end_n of_o it_o on_o either_o pole_n of_o the_o ecliptic_a either_o northern_a or_o southern_a as_o the_o latitude_n of_o the_o star_n shall_v require_v then_o let_v it_o pass_v through_o the_o centre_n of_o the_o star_n to_o the_o very_a ecliptic_a and_o there_o the_o other_o end_n will_v show_v the_o degree_n of_o longitude_n of_o the_o same_o which_o you_o must_v reckon_v from_o the_o begin_n of_o aries_n and_o so_o that_o portion_n of_o the_o quadrant_n that_o be_v contain_v betwixt_o the_o star_n itself_o and_o the_o ecliptic_a will_v also_o show_v the_o latitude_n of_o the_o star_n pont_n the_o manner_n how_o to_o find_v the_o longitude_n and_o latitude_n of_o star_n may_v be_v show_v by_o this_o example_n first_o let_v we_o propose_v the_o head_n of_o medusa_n which_o be_v find_v in_o the_o table_n to_o be_v in_o the_o twenty_o one_o gr_n 8._o and_o it_o have_v in_o northern_a latitude_n twenty_o three_o degree_n now_o therefore_o in_o the_o superficies_n of_o the_o globe_n we_o must_v look_v for_o the_o sign_n 8._o and_o reckon_v 21._o gr_n from_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o same_o on_o the_o ecliptic_a and_o the_o circle_n that_o shall_v be_v draw_v from_o the_o pole_n of_o the_o ecliptic_a through_o this_o degree_n shall_v be_v call_v the_o the_o circle_n of_o longitude_n of_o the_o head_n of_o medusa_n after_o this_o reckon_v the_o latitude_n of_o the_o star_n also_o in_o the_o same_o circle_n among_o the_o parallel_n of_o latitude_n begin_v from_o the_o ecliptic_a and_o so_o forward_o towards_o the_o arctic_a pole_n because_o the_o latitude_n of_o it_o be_v northern_a until_o you_o have_v account_v 23._o gr_n which_o be_v the_o number_n of_o the_o degree_n of_o latitude_n and_o show_v the_o place_n of_o that_o star_n now_o because_o that_o all_o the_o circle_n of_o longitude_n and_o latitude_n neither_o be_v nor_o indeed_o can_v convenient_o be_v express_v on_o the_o globe_n therefore_o the_o quadrant_n of_o altitude_n be_v to_o serve_v in_o stead_n of_o the_o same_o for_o the_o find_v out_o of_o the_o longitude_n and_o situation_n of_o the_o star_n that_o be_v set_v in_o the_o globe_n and_o that_o after_o this_o manner_n let_v we_o take_v our_o former_a example_n of_o medusa_n be_v head_n the_o latitude_n of_o which_o be_v northern_a i_o apply_v the_o end_n of_o the_o quadrant_n to_o the_o north_n pole_n of_o the_o zodiac_n otherwise_o have_v it_o be_v southern_a it_o must_v have_v be_v fit_v to_o the_o southern_a pole_n which_o doâ—…e_n i_o seek_v in_o the_o ecliptic_o for_o the_o 21_o gr_n of_o taurus_n which_o be_v the_o logitude_n of_o the_o star_n and_o have_v find_v it_o i_o lay_v the_o other_o end_n of_o my_o quadrant_n over_o it_o for_o by_o this_o mean_v the_o quadrant_n shall_v supply_v the_o office_n of_o the_o circle_n of_o longitude_n of_o medusa_n head_n 〈◊〉_d therefore_o if_o i_o reckon_v 23_o degree_n on_o the_o say_a quadrant_n begin_v from_o the_o ecliptic_a i_o shall_v have_v the_o true_a situation_n of_o this_o star_n in_o the_o globe_n in_o like_a manner_n may_v we_o find_v by_o a_o globe_n that_o have_v the_o star_n describe_v on_o it_o the_o longitude_n and_o latitude_n of_o any_o star_n in_o the_o heaven_n for_o if_o we_o fit_v the_o quadrant_n to_o the_o northern_a pole_n of_o the_o zodiaque_fw-la if_o the_o star_n have_v northern_a latitude_n and_o then_o let_v it_o pass_v through_o the_o centre_n of_o any_o star_n the_o degree_n of_o the_o ecliptic_a that_o the_o other_o end_n of_o it_o shall_v point_v out_o will_v be_v the_o longitude_n of_o the_o say_a star_n and_o the_o degree_n that_o be_v contain_v betwixt_o the_o ecliptic_a and_o the_o star_n will_v show_v you_o the_o latitude_n of_o the_o same_o a_o for_o example_n if_o the_o quadrant_n be_v first_o apply_v to_o the_o northern_a pole_n of_o the_o zodiaque_fw-la be_v afterward_o lay_v along_o over_o the_o the_o bright_a star_n in_o the_o crown_n the_o other_o end_n of_o it_o will_v fall_v on_o the_o 6._o gr_n m._n which_o be_v the_o longitude_n of_o this_o star_n and_o then_o if_o you_o reckon_v the_o number_n of_o degree_n betwixt_o the_o ecliptic_a and_o the_o same_o star_n you_o shall_v find_v they_o to_o be_v 44½_n which_o be_v the_o northern_a latitude_n of_o the_o same_o the_o declination_n of_o a_o star_n be_v the_o distance_n of_o it_o from_o the_o aequator_fw-la which_o distance_n must_v be_v reckon_v on_o a_o great_a circle_n pass_v through_o the_o pole_n of_o the_o aequator_fw-la and_o therefore_o if_o you_o but_o apply_v any_o star_n to_o the_o meridian_n you_o shall_v present_o have_v the_o declination_n of_o it_o if_o you_o account_v the_o degree_n and_o minute_n of_o the_o meridian_n if_o there_o be_v any_o that_o be_v contain_v betwixt_o the_o centre_n of_o the_o star_n and_o the_o aequator_fw-la pont_n the_o declination_n of_o star_n as_o also_o their_o right_a ascension_n may_v be_v know_v by_o the_o globe_n in_o this_o manner_n the_o star_n propose_v must_v be_v apply_v to_o the_o meridian_n and_o forthwith_o the_o same_o meridian_n will_v discover_v among_o the_o degree_n of_o the_o aequator_fw-la the_o right_a ascension_n of_o the_o same_o and_o it_o will_v also_o give_v you_o the_o declination_n if_o you_o reckon_v upon_o it_o the_o number_n of_o degree_n that_o be_v comprehend_v betwixt_o the_o equinoctial_a and_o the_o star_n propose_v and_o for_o a_o example_n of_o this_o let_v we_o propose_v the_o great_a dog_n who_o right_a ascension_n and_o declination_n we_o desire_v to_o know_v first_o therefore_o we_o set_v the_o star_n itself_o direct_o under_o the_o meridian_n and_o find_v the_o meridian_n to_o cut_v the_o equinoctial_a at_o 97._o gr_n 15._o min._n and_o this_o be_v the_o right_a ascension_n of_o this_o star_n and_o then_o reckon_v the_o number_n of_o the_o degree_n comprehend_v betwixt_o it_o and_o the_o equinoctial_a southward_n we_o find_v they_o to_o be_v 16_o degree_n which_o we_o conclude_v to_o be_v the_o southern_a latitude_n of_o the_o star_n the_o same_o also_o may_v be_v demonstrate_v
it_o decrease_v till_o you_o be_v pass_v the_o cape_n of_o good_a hope_n where_o they_o will_v have_v it_o to_o lie_v in_o the_o just_a situation_n of_o the_o true_a meridian_n near_o to_o a_o certain_a river_n which_o for_o this_o cause_n be_v call_v by_o the_o portugall_n rio_n de_fw-fr las_fw-fr agulias_n and_o all_o this_o deviation_n be_v towad_v the_o east_n all_o this_o we_o have_v have_v certain_a proof_n and_o experience_n of_o and_o that_o by_o as_o accurate_a observation_n as_o those_o instrument_n which_o be_v use_v in_o navigation_n will_v afford_v and_o the_o same_o examine_v and_o caculate_v according_a to_o the_o doctrine_n of_o spherical_a triangle_n so_o that_o we_o have_v just_a cause_n to_o suspect_v the_o truth_n of_o many_o of_o these_o tradition_n which_o be_v common_o deliver_v concern_v the_o deflection_n of_o the_o needle_n and_o namely_o whereas_o they_o report_v that_o under_o that_o meridian_n which_o pass_v through_o the_o azore_n it_o exact_o respect_v the_o true_a meridian_n and_o that_o about_o the_o sea_n coast_v of_o brasilia_n the_o north_n point_n of_o the_o needle_n decline_v towards_o the_o west_n as_o some_o affirm_v we_o have_v find_v this_o to_o be_v false_a and_o whereas_o they_o report_v that_o at_o new-found_a land_n it_o decline_v towards_o the_o west_n above_o 22_o degree_n we_o very_o much_o suspect_v the_o truth_n hereof_o because_o that_o this_o seem_v not_o at_o all_o to_o agree_v with_o the_o observation_n we_o have_v make_v concern_v the_o variation_n about_o 11._o degree_n near_o upon_o the_o coast_n of_o america_n of_o the_o truth_n of_o which_o i_o be_o so_o confident_a as_o of_o nothing_o more_o it_o therefore_o appear_v to_o be_v a_o idle_a fancy_n of_o they_o who_o look_v to_o find_v some_o certain_a point_n which_o the_o needle_n shall_v always_o respect_v and_o that_o either_o on_o the_o earth_n as_o namely_o some_o certain_a magnetical_a mountain_n not_o far_o distant_a from_o the_o arctic_a pole_n or_o else_o in_o the_o heaven_n as_o namely_o the_o tail_n of_o the_o little_a bear_n as_o cardan_n think_v or_o else_o that_o it_o be_v situate_a in_o that_o very_a meridian_n that_o pass_v through_o the_o azore_n and_o about_o sixteen_o degree_n and_o a_o half_a beyond_o the_o north_n pole_n as_o mercator_n will_v have_v it_o and_o therefore_o there_o it_o no_o heed_n to_o be_v take_v to_o they_o neither_o who_o conceive_v that_o there_o may_v be_v some_o certain_a way_n find_v out_o of_o calculate_v the_o longitude_n of_o place_n by_o mean_n of_o this_o deflection_n of_o the_o needle_n which_o i_o can_v wish_v they_o be_v able_a to_o perform_v and_o indeed_o it_o may_v be_v do_v be_v there_o any_o certain_a point_n that_o it_o shall_v always_o respect_v but_o to_o leave_v this_o discourse_n let_v we_o now_o see_v how_o the_o quantity_n of_o this_o declination_n of_o the_o needle_n may_v be_v find_v out_o by_o the_o use_n of_o the_o globe_n for_o any_o place_n of_o know_a latitude_n and_o first_o you_o must_v provide_v you_o of_o some_o instrument_n by_o which_o you_o may_v observe_v the_o distance_n of_o the_o sun_n azimuth_n from_o the_o situation_n of_o a_o needle_n our_o mariner_n common_o use_v a_o nautical_a compass_n which_o be_v divide_v into_o three_o hundred_o sixty_o degree_n have_v a_o thread_n place_v crosse-wise_a over_o the_o centre_n of_o the_o instrument_n to_o cast_v the_o shadow_n of_o the_o sun_n upon_o the_o centre_n of_o the_o same_o this_o instrument_n be_v call_v by_o our_o mariner_n the_o compass_n of_o variation_n and_o this_o seem_v to_o be_v a_o very_a convenient_a instrument_n for_o the_o same_o use_n but_o yet_o i_o can_v wish_v that_o it_o be_v make_v with_o some_o more_o care_n and_o accurateness_n then_o common_o it_o be_v with_o this_o or_o the_o like_a instrument_n you_o must_v observe_v the_o distance_n of_o the_o sun_n azimuth_n for_o any_o time_n or_o place_n from_o the_o projection_n of_o the_o magnetical_a needle_n now_o we_o have_v before_o show_v how_o to_o find_v out_o how_o much_o the_o vertical_a circle_n of_o the_o sun_n be_v distant_a from_o the_o meridian_n and_o the_o difference_n that_o there_o be_v betwixt_o the_o distance_n of_o the_o sun_n from_o the_o true_a meridian_n and_o from_o the_o situation_n of_o the_o needle_n be_v the_o variation_n of_o the_o compass_n beside_o we_o have_v already_o show_v how_o the_o amplitude_n of_o the_o rise_n and_o set_v of_o the_o sun_n may_v be_v find_v if_o therefore_o by_o the_o help_n of_o this_o or_o the_o like_a instrument_n it_o be_v observe_v as_o we_o have_v say_v how_o many_o degree_n the_o sun_n rise_v or_o set_v from_o those_o point_n in_o the_o compass_n that_o answer_n to_o the_o east_n or_o west_n you_o shall_v in_o like_a manner_n have_v the_o deviation_n of_o the_o needle_n from_o the_o true_a meridian_n if_o it_o have_v any_o at_o all_o pont_n at_o the_o end_n of_o this_o chapter_n i_o think_v it_o not_o amiss_o to_o set_v down_o that_o which_o joseph_n scaliger_n sometime_o upon_o occasion_n offer_v write_v unto_o david_n rivaldus_fw-la concern_v the_o declination_n of_o the_o magnetical_a needle_n from_o the_o true_a meridian_n this_o epistle_n of_o he_o be_v extant_a among_o those_o epistle_n that_o be_v set_v forth_o at_o paris_n with_o some_o other_o of_o his_o work_n anno_fw-la 1610._o and_o because_o that_o there_o be_v something_o in_o the_o same_o that_o concern_v the_o controversy_n of_o the_o praecession_n of_o the_o equinoctial_a point_n i_o will_v set_v down_o very_a near_o the_o whole_a epistle_n and_o thus_o it_o be_v literas_fw-la tuas_fw-la cum_fw-la maxima_fw-la voluptate_fw-la etc._n etc._n your_o letter_n i_o have_v receceive_v and_o with_o very_o great_a satisfaction_n and_o delight_n wherein_o i_o perceive_v two_o thing_n chief_o to_o be_v insist_v upon_o which_o be_v the_o declination_n of_o the_o magnetical_a needle_n and_o the_o precession_n of_o the_o equinoctial_a point_n in_o my_o former_a letter_n i_o make_v mention_v indeed_o of_o the_o same_o but_o with_o a_o intention_n rather_o to_o discover_v the_o opinion_n of_o other_o then_o to_o proclaim_v my_o own_o for_o i_o only_o make_v a_o bare_a proposal_n of_o the_o matter_n and_o no_o dogmatic_a position_n that_o so_o iâ—…_n the_o say_a declination_n be_v to_o be_v examine_v by_o the_o meridian_n add_v the_o meridian_n according_a to_o my_o hypothesis_n be_v movable_a that_o then_o our_o astronomer_n and_o navigator_n shall_v see_v whether_o or_o no_o there_o may_v not_o some_o cause_n and_o reason_n of_o this_o so_o manifest_a disagreement_n be_v discover_v out_o of_o this_o essay_n of_o i_o for_o i_o will_v not_o have_v propose_v it_o only_o have_v i_o be_v certain_o assure_v of_o it_o but_o will_v rather_o have_v endeavour_v to_o make_v it_o appear_v by_o demonstration_n whether_o therefore_o that_o be_v the_o cause_n of_o it_o which_o i_o desire_v shall_v be_v search_v for_o out_o of_o my_o hypothesis_n or_o whether_o it_o be_v some_o other_o it_o shall_v be_v all_o one_o to_o i_o but_o the_o investigation_n of_o the_o meridian_n be_v not_o sufficient_a for_o this_o matter_n for_o we_o must_v first_o dispute_v concern_v the_o nature_n of_o the_o magnet_n whether_o or_o no_o it_o be_v the_o property_n of_o it_o always_o to_o respect_v the_o north_n point_n and_o if_o so_o yet_o see_v that_o it_o decline_v from_o the_o term_n propose_v so_o many_o degree_n we_o be_v next_o to_o inquire_v whence_o this_o uariation_n proceed_v which_o certain_o can_v be_v assign_v to_o no_o other_o thing_n then_o to_o the_o meridian_n but_o that_o we_o may_v not_o urge_v this_o question_n any_o far_o we_o must_v consult_v with_o those_o author_n that_o have_v write_v of_o the_o magnet_n and_o especial_o with_o william_n gilbert_n of_o colchester_n a_o philosopher_n and_o practitioner_n of_o physic_n in_o london_n who_o about_o three_o year_n since_o put_v forth_o three_o large_a book_n of_o the_o same_o subject_n wherein_o he_o have_v discover_v to_o i_o his_o own_o learning_n rather_o than_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o magnet_n for_o now_o i_o be_o more_o in_o doubt_n than_o before_o the_o other_o part_n of_o your_o letter_n be_v concern_v the_o praecession_n of_o the_o equinoctial_a point_n it_o be_v observe_v first_o of_o all_o by_o hypparchus_n out_o of_o the_o observation_n of_o the_o fix_a star_n of_o aristarchus_n saminus_fw-la conon_n and_o timocharcis_o that_o the_o equinoctial_a point_n be_v go_v go_v forward_o into_o the_o precedent_a part_n because_o that_o he_o have_v find_v that_o the_o four_o point_n equinoctial_a and_o solsticiall_a be_v far_o off_o from_o the_o star_n assign_v for_o the_o same_o than_o they_o be_v in_o the_o time_n of_o those_o astronomer_n which_o when_o he_o see_v be_v doubt_v not_o forthwith_o to_o affirm_v that_o the_o aequinostiall_a point_n be_v immovable_a