Selected quad for the lemma: heaven_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
heaven_n	body_n	earth_n	spirit_n	6,743	5	5.1226	4	true

Text snippets containing the quad

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A51184	Remarkable addresses by way of embassy from the East-India Company of the United Provinces, to the Emperor of Japan Containing a description of their several territories, cities, temples, and fortresses; their religions, laws, and customs; their prodigious vvealth, and gorgeous habits; the nature of their soil, plants, beasts, hills, rivers, and fountains: with the character of the ancient and modern Japanners. Collected out of their several writings and journals by Arnoldus Montanus. English'd, and adorn'd with a hundred several sculptures, by John Ogilby Esq; His Majesties cosmographer, geographick printer, and master of the revels in the Kingdom of Ireland.; Gedenkwaerdige gesantschappen der Oost-Indische maatschappy in 't Vereenigde Nederland, aan de Kaiseren van Japan. English.	Montanus, Arnoldus, 1625?-1683.; Ogilby, John, 1600-1676.; Nederlandsche Oost-Indische Compagnie.; United Provinces of the Netherlands.	1671 (1671)	Wing M2486A; ESTC R218646	565,250	480

THE EMBASSAYS TO THE EMPEROURS OF JAPAN Cum. prerelegien Remarkable Addresses BY WAY OF EMBASSY FROM THE East-India Company OF THE UNITED PROVINCES TO THE EMPEROR of JAPAN CONTAINING A DESCRIPTION OF THEIR SEVERAL Territories Cities Temples and Fortresses THEIR Religions Laws and Customs THEIR Prodigious VVealth and Gorgeous Habits THE Nature of their Soil Plants Beasts Hills Rivers and Fountains WITH The Character of the Ancient and Modern JAPANNERS Collected out of their several Writings and Journals BY ARNOLDVS MONTANVS English'd and Adorn'd with a Hundred several Sculptures By JOHN OGILBY Esq His Majesty's Cosmographer Geographick Printer and Master of the Revels in the Kingdom of IRELAND LONDON Printed by the Author and are to be had at his House in White Fryers M.DC.LXXI De LAND REYSE van OSACCA tot IEDO 〈◊〉 Groote Steeden 〈◊〉 Kleyne Steeden 〈◊〉 Casteelen 〈◊〉 Dorpen 〈◊〉 Vlecken 〈◊〉 Heerlyckheeden 〈◊〉 Toorene en tempels 〈◊〉 De Cyffers syn de 〈◊〉 L●●●t● van de Br●●● De WATER REYSE van NANGASACQUI tot OSACCA De LAND R●YSE van OSACCA tot IEDO A MEMORABLE EMBASSY TO THE EMPEROR OF JAPAN The Earth and Sea constitute a round Globe FRom the round Shadow which darkens or eclipseth the Moon the different Rising and Setting of the Celestial Luminaries and the various Elevation of the Zenith or Vertical Point infallibly demonstrates That the Earth and Sea making one Body presents exactly the Figure of a Globe Which though the Surface of this mighty Ball be rough and gibbous many parts thereof swoln into Rocks and high Mountains others sunk into depressed Valleys yet make an even and smooth Circumference for the highest Tops and lowest Descents are nothing in comparison to the Magnitude of this vast Body but seem less than Warts on the Hand or small Furrows in a Plough'd Field Incircling this our Terrestrial Orb at an unmeasurable distance sparkle the innumerable Lights in the immense expansions of the Firmament The Description of Heaven and Earth About the Earth the Air spreading it self into three Regions dispenseth from the middle all sorts of Meteors with their several Effects upon us The lowest Storie variety of Birds and flying Fowls make their Receptacle the Sea and Rivers Fish inhabit but the Earth and Sea and all Creatures there residing the Creator left solely to the gubernation of Man under whose Command they remain so inverting the Authority of Power placed the Microcosmus over the Macrocosme the little World to Rule the great The distribution of the People upon the Earth But since the Fall of Adam his Generations persisting more and more increasing their enormous sins and louder-crying offences brought Gods just Judgment upon them who therefore destroy'd the Old World by an Inundation or general Deluge onely preserving eight Persons who descending from the Ark the Waters being ceased a new World began in which by degrees their numerous Progeny so multipli'd that they were forc'd to Plant fresh Colonies still more and more remote from the Foot of the Mountain where they first settled But nothing more help'd to the well and equal re-peopling of the desolated Universe than the confusion of Tongues which happen'd in the Worlds Infancy at Babel where all the Children of that Generation resolving to settle not minding farther Discoveries pitch'd upon the fertile Plains of Shinar Here must be say they the Center of our growing and intended Empire this our begun this our stupendious Work whose aspiring Tower looks down already upon the Clouds and hereafter threatens to scale the Skies shall be the mighty and all-commanding Head of our Imperial City which extended over these Plains we will inhabit and with our Lives and Fortunes guard and maintain But they in their vain Design and presumptuous Project were suddenly baffled by Divine Providence who in stead of setling scatter'd them over the face of the Earth for when they were at the busiest and in the heighth of their expectation labouring to finish this marvellous Structure thus the Almighty disappointed their whole endeavours all Tasks were suddenly thrown aside each mistaking not understanding one another in which confusion their onely comfort was to meet with any that spake with them the same Language These using one Tongue gathering in a Body stuck together and in several Companies fled to strange and unpeopl'd Regions where Planting they flourish'd and suddenly grew up to be several great Kingdoms Since call'd Europe Asia and Africa the then onely known Countrey So this their total rout and flying to all the Angles of the Universe proved for the better each by this means being sooner suppli'd so extending by degrees their fresh Colonies to the utmost and Maritime Coast Yet however one Party after this dissolution remaining still upon the Spot which though they utterly sleighted their begun Tower leaving it to ruine and decay yet went on chearfully with their chief City where Nimrod first taking the Title and supreme Authority upon him sat in his new erected Throne first Monarch of the Assyrian Empire Besides him many absolute Princes were thus in process of time establish'd in their several Dominions and the whole World seem'd to be once more totally replenish'd When the restless Nature of Man either unsatisfi'd with what he hath atchiev'd or spurr'd on by ambition or urgent necessity to enlarge their Bounds for their supernumerary Swarms gave the beginning to the Iron or turbulent Age War and Hostility raging every where in which those prevailing grew high and mighty those conquer'd low and humble continual vicissitudes and fluctuations of People Kingdoms subverted in Republicks and Common-wealths weary of such Government turn'd again into Monarchies The weakest Party put to all extremities and worst of exigencies by the pursuing Enemy were enforc'd all Land deni'd them venturing for refuge into the wide Ocean were soon swallow'd up some driven they knew not whither lighted on uninhabited Countreys there beginning new Plantations and perhaps by such Fugitives the new World never heard of by antiquity became of old to be peopled and by that means grown since to such vast Empires as our late Voyagers have discover'd Here it will not seem amiss to give you an account according as all Writers have it how this our Old World was peopled viz. Asia and Africa and who were the Fathers or chief Captains giving Denominations to the People and setling them in their several Plantations beginning with Holy Scripture The Offspring of Japhet Noah and his three Sons Japhet being the eldest his Offspring spread themselves over Asia and Europe Moses recounts these to be the Sons of Japhet Gomer Magog Madai Javan Tubal Meshech and Tiras Gomer as they say first settled his Colony along the Caspian Sea where Strabo and Pliny place the Cemerians the Sons of Gomer being Ashkenaz Riphat and Tagorma Planted other Colonies Ashkenaz laying the Foundation of the Kingdom of Media which others contradict supposing that he settled in the lesser Asia others the Countrey of

but a Skeleton all else being consum'd to Dust then they Interr him in his own House with all the Ceremony of Feasts as if lately departed How strangely they order their Sick ¶ THe ordering of their Sick is no less unnatural and preposterous for they use them worse than if the Devil were their Doctor for in stead of Potion or Pill and the like they use but one Medicine for all Diseases and that 's a dry Halter especially in the Village Teopan for as soon as any Person falls sick and begins to complain lying down and not able to walk about and follow his business they presently prepare a tough Cord in stead of Cordial so putting the Noose about his Neck they hoist him up to the top of the House with a Pulley kept for that purpose then let him suddenly fall with a Jolt which commonly proves immediate Cure by killing of them yet some mend upon this choking Medicine either by the strength of Nature or their spirits irritated by the fright The Religion of the Formosans ¶ THe Formosans neither Write nor Read using no Books Letters nor Characters but yet that Law and Religion which they have amongst them they observe without alteration delivering it by Tradition from Generation to Generation for certain young Men are appointed to be instructed from the elder and faithful Memories are their onely Registers and Records First they believe the Universe Heaven and Earth to have been without beginning and shall be without end next the immortality of the Soul for which reason they build a little Place in which they put a Tub of Water with a Dish in it before the Door of the Deceased supposing the Spirit thereof comes daily thither to bathe or cleanse The next Article of their Faith is that there are several Punishments after this life according to the equality of their Crimes and Rewards of eternal happiness for those that have when living merited by doing well therefore they dig broad and deep Trenches filling them with Mud and Slime over which they make a floating Bridge of bundled up Rushes which leads to the most delightfullest and luxurious Vales in the Countrey over these as they affirm the Souls of the Deceased must pass which the Wicked endeavoring to cross the unstable Truss or rowling Bridge tumbles them over into their Stygian Lake but the Just and Godly walking in safety over enjoy there all pleasure in an everlasting Elysium What they account sins Those sins which they account most hainous are but frivolous toys built upon Superstition and sleight Observation as not to go naked as we said before at their set and appointed times to wear Clothes or any thing of Silk Women to bear Children before their 37th Year to fetch and eat Oysters not in due season and to venture to undertake any business though of little or no consequence before they have observed good Auguries from the Notes or Language of the Birds All these are Capital and as they hold forth unpardonable Offences but Murder Theft Lying and Forswearing these have their Qualifications for some may commit them and some may not without any scruple but in general they are look'd upon no more than peccadillo's and venial Offences When they take an Oath they ratifie it by breaking a Straw To be a publick and common Drunkard and to be an Adulterer and debaucher of young Women if carry'd privately is no harm Though they believe the immortality of the Soul yet they utterly deny the resurrection of the Body Their chiefest Idols Amongst their several gods which they worship the chiefest are Tumagisanhach who Governs and Inhabits the South his Celestial Spouse Taxankpada Agodales commands the East where when it happens to Thunder they believe that she exercises her Tongue the Females best Arms scolding so loud at her Husband in the South because he neglects his Office not fending Rain when the Earth needs who being netled with his Wives bitter and sharp expression not enduring to hear her any longer opens his Mouth sending and dispersing with his Breath abundance of Water Another Deity which they worship out of fear because Tamagisanhach as they say creates Men with comely Visage and well proportion'd Bodies this being an angry and ill natur'd Power delighting in mischief makes it his whole business to spoil and misshape what Tamagisanhach hath made fair and handsom disfiguring their Faces with Pox and Blasting bunching their Backs withering and crooking their Limbs and the like then deriding at their lameness and deformity so this Sariafing they hold in great veneration that he would be pleased to spare them and do them no harm Their gods of War When they take up Arms and proclaim Hostility they offer Sacrifices to Talafula and Tapaliape their two gods of War Wemen perform Divine Services ¶ THeir Priests or rather Priestesses which they call Inibs are Women the whole Function of Divine Service or Worship belonging to them for they not onely Pray to their gods and Preach but also Sacrifice their chiefest Offerings are Stags and Boars-heads presented in a Charger upon boyl'd Rice Pynang and other strong Drinks as a Condiment this perform'd two of the Female Order stand up before the Congregation and make a Sermon in which they set forth the praise and honor of their gods going on with that vehemency of expressions and loud declamations that at last their Hair stands upright Strange actions and their Eyes rowling seem ready to start out of their Heads then near the conclusion of these their dire Exhortations they fall down in a Trance and oftentimes lie so for a whole hour whilst the People gathering near them tear their Throats and cleave the Air with hideous shreeks and cries when coming to themselves in a cold and faint Sweat their Limbs trembling their Teeth chattering strangely discompos'd they tell the People that in their Trance the gods appear'd to them unfolding mysterious things for their good not yet to be express'd besides two others of these Women mount the Battlements of the Temple and standing at the gable ends they make fresh loud and long Supplications to their gods At last they strip themselves and thus denuded crying more earnestly to their gods and first shaking then taboring or clapping with their Hands raging as in a phanatick distraction All the Women following their impudent example throw off with their Weeds all shame at once Drunkeness a Vertue and so Tope and Deboush till they disgorge this their too plentiful excess Besides this their publick Worship in the Temple they Offer in the open Streets and exercise private and domestick Devotions performing Family-Duties daily in their own Houses to which those that please may repair and joyn with them in this their Idol-Service The Office of the Inibs With these Inibs also they consult concerning fair or foul Weather when they have any business abroad also of future Events which they seem to

Bonzi the Minister that performs the Funeral-Rites in a great Coach which shines being all Silk and Gold Thirty Bonzies more run about the Coach they wear broad-brimm'd Hats over a fine Linnen Surplice a Black Cloke cover'd with a gray upper Garment each carrying a long Torch lighted made of Pine-Branches which they say lights the Defunct that he may not mistake or miss the Way These thirty are follow'd by two hundred more who call aloud upon that God or Idol which he most Worshipp'd when alive They also beat on great Copper Basons and carry two large Baskets full of Artificial Paper-Roses of divers Colours which they tie at the end of a long Stick shaking them as they go in such a manner that the Roses fly out of the Baskets that being a sign as they say That the Soul of the Deceas'd is already gone to the Place of Everlasting Happiness After these follow eight Youths young Bonzies in two Rows who trail after them long Canes with Flags each Inscrib'd with the Name of his Idol They also carry eight Lanthorns with lighted Candles which in stead of Horn are cover'd with fine Cotton Near these Lanthorn-carriers walk two Youths in gray Clothes which carry also Pine-Torches which they light when they come out of the City and with these kindle the Fire that must consume the dead Body The remaining Ceremony Next before the Corps walk a great number of People all in gray Clothes their Heads cover'd with little three-corner'd Caps of black shining Leather on which they pin small Papers written with the Name of his Idol And that it may be more conspicuous a Man follows which carries in a Frame in large Characters the Name of that God he had so much ador'd The Corps it self Then follows the Corps it self which is carried by four Men on a Bier cover'd with a Bed very richly adorn'd on which sits the dead Body with his Head bent forward and his Hands folded together being cloth'd all in white over which hangs a Paper Coat being a Book concerning the Mysterious Devotions belonging to his Deity and full of Prayers That he would be pleas'd in mercy to save him After the Corps follow the Sons of the Deceas'd in comely Habits the youngest Son carrying also a Torch of Pine to kindle the Funeral-Pyre Last of all comes a second Rabble of Common People suited with black Caps as the former How the dead are burnt in Japan When coming near the Pyle they stand in a Ring and soon after make a hideous Noise the Bonzies striking with great force on their Copper Basons and Kettles and all the People calling aloud on the Name of his Idol which continues a whole Hour during which they prepare the Pit being square and Rail'd about and hung with Mats Towards the four Points of Heaven are four Entrances being the East West North and South The Pit is cover'd over with Canvas and on each side of it stands a Table with all manner of Fruits near the Table Pots smoking with Perfumes and Frankincense no sooner they approach near the Inclosed place but they throw a long Rope over the Corps on which every one lays their hands and call on the name of their Idol several times together then they walk three times about the inclosed place At last they set the Bier with the Bed and Corps on the Funeral-pyre to which the Bonzi who Conducted the whole Train steps forth and Mutters several Words which none of those that are present can understand and takes a burning Torch which he Waves three times over the Head of the Dead Body signifying by those Circles that the Soul of the Deceased had never beginning nor shall ever have an end when done he throws away the Torch which two of the nearest Relations to the Deceased whereof one stands at the East end of the Bier and the other at the West as a Ceremony reaching it over the Corps to one another thrice together then they throw it on the Pyle whilest others pour on Sweet Oil then setting Fire which kindles so suddenly and grows to that height that the Body is consum'd in a moment Strange Custom when the body is burnt In the Interim his Sons and kindred walk towards the two Tables where setting Fire to the Pots with Perfumes they fall on their Knees and Worship the Deceased then as they believe to be in Heaven This finish'd their Bonzies are rewarded according to their several Services and the Chief Orderer of the Funeral receives at least twenty Duckets and the other Officers lesser Sums After the departure of the Friends and Bonzies to their several Houses then the Common People and those which were Habited in Grey make merry about the Fire with such Food as stands on the Tables On the next day the Children and Friends of the Deceased repair again to the Funeral Fire where they gather the Ashes Teeth and Bones in a Gilded Pot or Urn which they carry home and covering it over with a Cloth set it in one of the chief Rooms of the House Make repetition Sermon after what manner Thither all the Bonzies come to make a Repetition of the Funeral Sermon On the seventh day they begin their Visit and set the Urn with the Relicks on the Ground others set down a square Stone on which is Engraven the Name of the Idol After this the Sons go daily to their Father's Grave on which they strow Roses and place hot Liquor and set several Dishes of Meat about it so that their Father's Soul may be refresh'd Bon a dead Fast But besides these Funerals which commonly cost those that are able at least three thousand Duckets and the ordinary Citizens generally two or three hundred They keep on one day yearly a general Feast through the whole City which they call Bon dedicated to all the souls of their deceas'd friends on which day each hangs a Lanthorn and Candle at his Door and all visit the Graves of their several Relations great multitudes carrying out of the City Chargers full of Variety of Cates with which they Treat as they believe their departed Spirits then inviting them home to their Houses of which we have already spoke at large The corps of poor people misused The Funerals of the Poor People are no way to be compar'd to those of the Rich for not one Bonzi follows their Dead they having no Money for to satisfie them for their Labor without which they will not budge one Foot so that they onely take care for to provide Food for the Departed Souls and the more because most of them either publick or private are against the Immortality of the Soul therefore the Dead Bodies of the Poor of which there are very great numbers in Japan they throw in the night time in some private place or other or else upon the nearest Dunghil Departure of the Netherland Ambassadors from Jedo ¶ BUt to return

Rows on which appear strange deform'd Creatures artificially made of Rushes some representing the shape of Elephants Dragons and Tygers others half Men and half Beasts Rhinocerots every ones Back representing a Seat like a Throne on four Square Pedistals curiously Painted some of which Seats are fill'd with Sandal-Wood to burn the Corps These Pleited Monsters are made fast with Ropes one to another by which they are drawn forward through thousands of people Out of one of the foresaid Houses along the Rail of Red Rushes comes forth the Siam Bishop and sets himself down on one of the artificial Tygers Behind the Bishops the Sons of the King of Siam get upon the back of one of the Elephants The youngest Son rides just before the Chariot whereon the Corps of his deceased Mother lies his Elephant being made fast to it by Cords of fine Linnen full of Gold Rings at least an Inch thick The Corps it self stands on a Throne eighteen Foot high which rests on a Chariot six Fathom long Every thing represents either Art or Splendor for the Chariot and the Throne whereon the Corps stands is cover'd with thick Golden Plates and adorn'd with Imagery Inlaid with Mother of Pearl and green glittering Glass The Coffin sharp on the top and standing upon one end is of Massie Gold Emboss'd with Rubies and Diamonds The artificial Elephants Tygers Rhinocerots Dragons and other deformed Creatures are drawn along with the Corps by all sorts of People but distinguish'd by their several Caps Behind the Deceased Queen follows the King of Siam Riding on a She-Elephant Capparison'd in white Linnen adorn'd with great Tassels of Gold he that leads the Elephant holds a Golden Hook beset with Precious Stones The King Apparel'd in White hath a great Hat on his Head made fast under his Chin the end of Which hangs over his Shoulders Behind the King sits a prime Lord with his Head and Body bent forward which reaches him a Hanger of an Inestimable value And lastly When the Corps with all the Riches is thrown into the Flame after some time the Ashes of the Queen and the melted Gold are gather'd out of the Fire the Ashes preserv'd in a great square Tower Plated without with Gilt Tin but the melted Gold serves to make an Image representing the deceased Queen which when made is put into the Temple and Religiously Worshipped When the Siammers must be Shav'd And after the Queen is Burnt the Siammers may let the Hair of their Heads grow for as long as she was yet standing on the Earth they were necessitated to Shave their Heads every Fortnight An exceeding strange adventure that happen'd at the Funeral of the King of Siam's Daughter ¶ WIth such a Siam Idol the Temple in Saccai is adorn'd but to give you a somewhat nearer Relation concerning the Original of this Inestimable Image it will be necessary to add hereunto the strange adventure that happend on the three and twentieth of February and the following days Anno 1649. which the Governor John Van Muiden at that time residing in Judia the Metropolis of Siam as Agent for the Netherland East-India Company being an Eye-witness relates thus I was says he with the rest of the Netherlanders by the Interpreters call'd to Court to see the Splendid Funeral of the King's Daughter Born by his Royal Queen But because the Messengers came somewhat too late the Corps was already carry'd to the Funeral Pire but going thither we got upon a Scaffold which by the King's Order was built for us not far from the Fire In the middle of the Market-place in Judia in sight of the Royal Palace stood five Turrets rais'd of high Masts hung round about with Gilded Mats four Towers more of the same height and shape made an exact Quadrangle In the middle of the four was another Erected much larger and higher for whereas the four were but twenty Fathom high the middlemost was thirty all Plated with Gold and Emboss'd with Precious Stones Dazelling the Eyes of the Beholder Within the biggest Tower stood an exceeding costly Altar rais'd six Foot from the Ground on which the Corps of the King's Daughter was to be Burnt and was now brought thither after it had been Embalm'd and stood six Moneths in State in her Fathers Court. The Corps its self was Apparel'd in Majestick Robes with Gold Chains Arm-lets Neck-Laces of Pearl and other Precious Jems on her Head she wore a Crown of Gold the Body sat up-right in a Praying posture in a Chest of Massie Gold an Inch thick her Hands folded together and her Face up towards Heaven Then the greatest Mandarines or Siam Lords with their Ladies stept to the Corps and every one shewing a very mournful Countenance were all Clothed in fine white Linnen without any Gaiety Very rematkable Funeral and Strew'd an Handful of Flowers or Perfumes on the Deceased after which the Golden Chest with the Corps was set on a high Throne Erected on a stately Chariot and Presented before the chief Peers and Ladies of the Land whereupon the Princesses make first a doleful cry then wringing their Hands and Shreeking aloud calling also several times together on the Name of the Deceased shew all the Postures of a hearty sorrow Mean while the Chariot which was drawn by the Prime Nobility began to approach the foresaid five Towers Before the Corps the King 's eldest Son the Deceased's eldest Brother Rode on an Elephant On both sides his two second Brothers whose Elephants were Caparison'd in White every one having a long Scarf in their Hand whereof one end was made fast to the Coffin so seeming as if they drew the Body along On both sides of the Chariot also walk'd fourteen of the King's Children on Foot Clothed in fine White Linen and a green Bough in their Hand Just behind the Chariot follow'd all the Princes and their Princesses in great State On both sides of the Way through which the Chariot pass'd stood stately Scaffolds each standing twenty Fathom from the other on which the meaner sort of Mandarins or Lords sate who when the Corps came before them threw several Suits of Clothes amongst the throng of People and also Oranges stuck full Ticols and Masees which is a sort of Siam Silver Coyn the first valu'd at about two Shillings and the last at six Pence The concourse of People was so exceeding great that many were throng'd to death But so soon as the Chariot stopp'd before the middlemost of the five Towers the Corps was taken down by the primest Lords and not without great Ceremony whilst the Musicians Sung and Play'd all manner of doleful Tunes was placed on the Altar in the fifth Tower and surrounded with Sandal and Agor-Wood sprinkled with the sweetest Perfumes and best of Essenses Princesses that must either cry or be beat●n where that Custom is us'd Then the whole Train of the King's Children and prime Lords return'd to Court but the Princesses stay'd