mansions c. And if I go and prepare a place for you I will come again and receive you unto my self that where I am there ye may be also Mr. Ball Treat of the Covenant c. 2. p. 10. Camer de tripl foed Thes 9. Mr. Baxt. Aphorism p. 5. Whereas the blessedness and glory of man by the Law-Covenant if it was any thing beyond an immortality of blessedness and enjoyment of God in an earthly Paradise which is questioned by some should yet have been in this old or first heavens not in these new ones 2. It is the glory of a Paradise wherein is the tree of life and the river of the water of life which were not Ingredients of the Law-glory neither were placed in the first Paradise Rev. 2.7 To him that overcometh will I give to eat of the tree of life which is in the midst of the Paradise of God And 7.17 and shall lead them unto living fountains of waters And 22.1 2 And he shewed me a pure river of water of life clear as cristal proceeding out of the throne of God and of the Lamb. In the midst of the street of it and of either side of the river was there the tree of life which bare twelve manner of fruits and yielded her fruit every month and the leaves of the tree were for the healing of the Nations 3. It is a heaven and glory where the new Song is sung and where the Musitians are all redeemed and where the meeting of these redeemed ones to sing together is the sweeter that they once were all lost and that they came out of tribulation and a Land of sighing Isa 35.10 And the ransomed of the Lord shall return and come to Zion with songs and everlasting joy upon their heads they shall obtain joy and gladness and sorrow and sighing shall flee away Rev. 5.9 And they sung a new song saying Thou art worthy to take the book and to open the seals thereof for thou wast slain and hast redeemed us to God by thy blood out of every kindred and tongue and people and nation But there should not have been any new Song nor redeemed Musicians in the glory and heaven of Law-dispensation 4. It is a heaven and glory wherein all the Inhabitants wear crowns for Christ hath made them kings unto God and to his Father Rev. 1.6 And 2.10 Be thou faithful unto death and I will give thee a crown of life but there should have been no crowns worn in the first Paradise nor should the happiness thereof have amounted so high as a crown and a throne there being no occasion for it nor any promise to that effects 5. It is a heaven and glory where the Inhabitants are all conquerors each hath a palm in his hand in sign of his victory Rev. 7.9 cloathed with white robes and palms in their hands this Garland should not have been in the first Covenant-glory where there was no fighting there could be no victory at least over the world and sin and death 6. It is a heaven and glory where all the Inhabitants are cloathed with long white robes and with fine linnen clean and white Rev. 7.13 What are these which are arrayed in white robes and whence came they And 19.8 And to her was granted that she should be arrayed in fine linnen clean and white for the linnen is the righteousness of Saints but there should have been no such robes in the Law-heaven whatsoever shining-beauty and whiteness should have been on Adam's skin yet there should have been there no garments of glory no righteousness should have been worn there but that which should have been of our own working 7. It is a heaven wherein there is a throne for the Lamb where the man Christ in our nature is upon the throne where the greatest beauty of all the Kingdom and the most highly exalted person is the man Christ where the Lord Mediator is the glorious light of all the Land Rev. 3.7 he that openeth and no man shutteth and shutteth and no man openeth And 21.22 23 And I saw no temple therein for the Lord God almighty and the lamb are the temple of it And the City had no need of the Sun neither of the Moon to shine in it for the glory of God did lighten it and the lamb is the light thereof And 5.12 Worthy is the lamb that was slain to receive power and riches and wisdom and strength and glory and honour and blessing there was no such glory in the first Covenant nor in the heaven thereof which no doubt should have made it less glorious and speaks forth the greater glory of this latter Covenant-happiness 8. It is a heaven that was purchased at a dear rate that was the price of blood for which Christ payed a condign price 1 Pet. 1.18 19 For as much as ye know that ye were not redeemed will corruptible things but with the precious blood of Christ as of a lamb without blemish and without spot but the Law-heaven and glory should have been obtained at an easier rate working without the price of blood should have done that business the different price shews the different value 9. It is a heaven wherein is a lovely and numerous assembly a fair mystical body whereof Christ is the head and whereof each redeemed Soul is a member O so lovely a Company with the Captain of their Salvation so glorious a body with their glorious head so beautiful a bride with so fair a husband such a lovely couple such a body corporate such a compleat society when Christ mystical is perfected and all the members compacted together and joyned unto their glorious and blessed head Eph. 4.13 Till we all come in the unity of the faith and of the knowledg of the Son of God unto a perfect man unto the measure of the stature of the fulness of Christ And 5.27 That he might present it to himself a glorious Church not having spot or wrinkle or any such thing but that it should be holy and without blemish Heb. 12.23 To the general assembly and church of the first born which are written in heaven and to God the Judg of all and to the spirits of just men made perfect and to Jesus the Mediator of the new Covenant Rev. 19.7 Let us be glad and rejoyce and give honour to him for the marriage of the Lamb is come and his wife hath made her self ready But there should have been no such body-corporate in the Law-heaven no such mystical body of Christ no marriage of the Lamb nor any melodious rejoycing at that solemnity I conclude therefore that the glory and crown and heaven of the Covenant of Redemption is better and far more glorious than should have been the lot of man by Law-righteousness and works without Christ's Suretiship 7. This Covenant was necessary for having in readiness a Physitian before we should be sick God foresaw and had decreed man's fall and his rising again and
spared not his own Son but delivered him up for us all Isa 53.8 For the transgressions of my people was he stricken 7. The Holiness of God is manifested in Christ his Holiness did appear in that holy Image which he put in Adam and the holy Law which he gave to him under a penalty but this holiness of the Image of God stamped on the creature was possible to be lost for both men and Angels were capable of sin and did fall but herein is a greater manifestation of Gods holiness that a Creature Christ-man Christ Mediator is made the Fountain of all Holiness Holiness cannot be lost in him yea it is derived from him Joh. 1.14 16 Full of grace and truth and of his fulness have all we received and grace for grace Chap. 3. v. 34 For God giveth not the spirit by measure unto him This is spoken of Christ man of Christ Mediator for one of the persons of the Godhead cannot receive another O what an impression of Holiness is this what a communication and manifestation of the Holiness of God! The fulness of the Godhead dwells bodily in the man Christ Col. 2.9 Where there is the highest union there is the greatest communion there was never such another union as that personal union and therefore there could never be such a communication of God 8. The All-sufficiency of God appears more in Christ than ever before the declarative glory thereof shines in the restoring of lost man for whosoever can restore lost man can raise him to a higher happiness than he fell from he is All-sufficient and Almighty and is thereby declared to be so this did God in Christ the Mediator this is a declaration of Gods All-sufficiency and of Christs Gen. 17.1 I am God almighty 2 Cor. 8.9 For ye know the grace of our Lord Jesus Christ that though he was rich yet for your sakes he became poor that ye through his poverty might be made rich Chap. 12.9 And he said unto me My grace is sufficient for thee for my strength is made perfect in weakness most gladly therefore will I rather glory in my infirmities that the power of Christ may rest upon me 9. The Patience and Long suffering of God was never heard of before until it was manifested in Christ God executed his Justice against the fallen Angels without exercising any Patience and Long-suffering towards them 2 Pet. 2.4 For if God spared not the Angels which fell but cast them down to hell But in Jesus Christ there is a discovery of the Patience of God and his bearing with sinners Isa 49.8 There is a Covenant to establish the earth that Justice do not ruine it Jesus Christ obtained pardon and reprival for some sinners that they should be spared Exod. 34.6 And the Lord passed by before him and proclaimed The Lord the Lord God merciful and gracious long-suffering and abundant in goodness and truth In him the Lord proclaims himself merciful and gracious long-suffering c. 1 Tim. 1.16 Howbeit for this cause I obtained mercy that in me first Jesus Christ might shew forth all long-suffering for a pattern to them which should hereafter believe on him to life everlasting Yea and by way of concomitancy and for the Elects sake reprobates reap some benefit by the Patience of God thus manifested He suffers the creatures to mock him and say Where is the promise of his coming 2 Pet. 3.4 Rom. 9.22 Endured with much long-suffering the vessels of wrath fitted to destruction 10. The Faithfulness of God is manifested in Christ he was known to be true and faithful in fulfilling the threatning and certification of the transgression of the first Covenant Gen. 2.17 In the day thou eatest thereof thou shalt surely die And in keeping the Covenant with all the creatures Gen. 8.22 While the earth remaineth seed-time and harvest-time and cold and heat and summer and winter and day and night shall not cease Jer. 33.20 Thus saith the Lord If ye can break my Covenant of the day and my Covenant of the night and that there should not be day and night in their season c. But this was but a small declaration of his faithfulness being compared with the manifestation of his Faithfulness in Christ which shines so brightly in keeping Covenant and Promises with him and with his people upon his account notwithstanding all your unfaithfulness to him hereby he is proclaimed to be the Lord abundant in truth Exod. 34.6 2 Cor. 1.20 For all the promises of God in him are yea and in him are Amen Psal 89.34 35 My Covenant will I not break nor alter the thing that is gone out of my lips Once have I sworn by my holiness that I will not lie unto David Mic. 7.18 20 Who is a God like unto thee that pardoneth iniquity Thou wilt perform the truth to Jacob and the mercy to Abraham which thou hast sworn unto our fathers from the days of old 11. The Majesty of the Lord something whereof is manifested in the Creation Psal 19.1 The heavens declare the glory of the Lord and the firmament sheweth forth his handy-work But much more in restoring man if there be a Majesty in Angels Heb. 1.7 And of his Angels he saith who maketh his Angels spirits and his ministers a flame of fire And in godly men which is but a little discovered here c. shall be more fully afterward 2 Thess 1.10 When he shall come to be glorified in his saints O what excellent Majesty must there be in Jesus Christ Heb. 1.13 But to which of the Angels said he at any time sit on my right hand until I make thine enemies thy foot-stool And what shall be revealed in him when he shall come in glory 2 Thess 1.7 When the Lord Jesus shall be revealed from heaven with his mighty angels Col. 3.4 When Christ who is our life shall appear then shall ye also appear with him in glory You see then all the Attributes of God are made more bright and get a new lustre in Jesus Christ the Mediator he is the brightness of his Fathers glory and the express Image of his Person 2. The distinct Subsistences of the Persons of the Godhead and blessed Trinity are more brightly discovered in Jesus Christ than ever before God was but darkly seen before in the distinct Subsistences of the persons of the Trinity but in the Gospel through Jesus Christ there is a glorious manifestation thereof 2 Cor. 4.6 For God who commanded the light to shine out of darkness hath shined in our hearts to give the light of the knowledg of the glory of God in the face of Jesus Christ 1. The Eternal Son of God the second Person his taking on our nature doth clearly shew that there are distinct Subsistences or Persons in the Godhead There are two natures in one Subsistence or Person which illustrates the three Subsistencies in one nature or three Persons in the Godhead 2. By Jesus Christ from his own
parts of that Office not being yet the Man Christ 1 Tim. 2.5 but after his Incarnation he was a Compleat Mediator Heb. 10.5 7 Wherefore when he cometh into the world he saith Sacrifice and offering thou wouldest not but a body hast thou prepared me Then said I Lo I come in the volume of the Book it is written of me to do thy will O God 3. Before his Incarnation he was secretly and invisibly a Mediator in Heaven after his Incarnation he did visibly act that part upon Earth and then went into the holiest to continue in the exercise of this Office Heb. 9.24 Now to appear in the presence of God for us Vse This also should contribute to establish our faith while ur Mediator is absent from us or rather while we are absent from him and he is out of our sight If this Office was effectual for the good of believers before he actually offered sacrifice or interceded how much more when he hath actually done both these Have we any better support of Faith if his Mediation was effectual before he was a compleat Mediator and had not yet taken our nature upon him shall we not believe now the efficacy thereof after he is the Man Christ If his Mediation was effectual while he had not yet come down from Heaven to act visibly here on Earth how much more when he hath finished the work and is now returned and gotten his Fathers welcome Believe it he is at Court though he be out of our sight Conclusion 3. That Jesus the Mediator of the New Covenant executeth this Office as well in the state of his Exaltation as Humiliation Heb. 7.24 25 But this man because he continueth ever hath an unchangeable Priesthood Wherefore he is able also to save them to the utmost that come unto God by him seeing he ever liveth to make intercession for them But with some observable difference which is to be seen 1. In his exercising the three Offices which were parts of his Mediatorship And 2. In the distinct parts of these Offices 1. It was mainly his Priestly Office which the Mediator discharged here on Earth in his state of Humiliation his entry upon his Kingly Administration being eminently reserved to the state of Exaltation Heb. 1.3 When he had by himself purged our sins sate down on the right hand of the Majesty on high And 8.1 We have an High-priest who is set on the right hand of the throne of the Majesty in the Heavens Phil. 2.8 9 And being found in fashion he humbled himself and became obedient unto death even the death of the Cross Wherefore God also hath highly exalted him Mat. 28.18 All power is given unto me in Heaven and in Earth But his Prophetical Office was excercised by him in both these states of his Humiliation and Exaltation Luke 24.47 And that repentance and remission of sins should be preached in his Name among all Nations beginning at Jerusalem Heb. 12.25 See that ye refuse not him that speaketh for if they escaped not who refused him that spoke on Earth much more shall we escape if we turn away from him that speaketh from Heaven 2. His Priesthood which he dischargeth in both parts thereof as well in his Exaltation as Humiliation Yet eminently he sacrificed here and eminently he intercedeth in Heaven Heb. 9.24 26 Now to appear in the presence of God for us Now once in the end of the world hath he appeared to put away sin by the sacrifice of himself His Kingdom which was reserved for his Exaltation understand it by way of eminency also Matth. 28.18 And Jesus came and spoke unto them saying All power is given unto me in Heaven and in Earth Rev. 5.6 And I beheld and lo in the midst of the Elders stood a Lamb For he was a King when he was here on Earth and carried matters in a Princely way although his glory was over-clouded by his leaving the Throne for a time that he might sit down in it afterward in greater honour Phil. 2.6 8 Wherefore God also hath highly exalted him and given him a name which is above every name His Prophetical Office which was exercised in both states yet was in his Humiliation visible and in his own person Joh. 1.10 He was in the world and the world was made by him and the world knew him not Heb. 1.1 2 God who at sundry times and in divers manners spake in the time past unto the Fathers by the Prophets hath in these last dayes spoken unto us by his Son Luke 24.27 And beginning at Moses and all the Prophets he expounded unto them in all the Scriptures the things that concerned himself But in his Exaltation it is done by his Messengers or more secretly by his Word and Spirit Eph. 4.11 12 And gave some Apostles and some Prophets and some Evangelists and some Pastors and Teachers For the perfecting of the Saints for the work of the Ministry for the edifying the Body of Christ. Joh. 14.26 But the Comforter which is the holy Ghost whom the Father will send in my name he shall teach you all things and bring all things to your remembrance whatsoever I have said unto you 1 Joh. 2.27 But the anointing which you have received of him abideth in you and ye need not that any man teach you but as the same anointing teacheth you all things and is truth and is no lye and even as it hath taught you ye shall abide in him Vse Believers think not that Christ is out of his Office when he is out of your sight or that the height of honour unto which he is now exalted at the right hand of God doth abate any thing from his carefulness and condescendency for sinners behoof but be you rather comforted from this As high as the Mediator is now upon his Throne he yet carrieth that Office and is made high for your advantage and consolation Heb. 4.14 16 Seeing then that we have an High-priest that is passed into the Heavens Jesus the Son of God Let us hold fast our profession Let us therefore come boldly unto the Throne of Grace that we may obtain mercy and find grace in time of need And 10.21 22 And having an High-priest over the House of God let us draw near with a true heart in full assurance of faith having our hearts sprinkled from an evil conscience and our bodies washed with pure water You may come as familiarly and boldly to him now as when he was in his humbled condition conversant among men seeing he is about the same work and exercising the same Office now as then Heb. 13.8 Jesus Christ the same yesterday and to day and for ever It is a Question not unfitly moved Quest Whether the Angels have any share in Christs Mediation Answ Two Scriptures seem to appropriate the benefit of Christs Mediation to Mankind Yet I conceive they may admit one native interpretation without straining the word which doth not shut out the
of our Lord Jesus Christ and whereby he hath a new Sonship 1 Pet. 1.3 Blessed be the God and Father of our Lord Jesus Christ Even this shall stand eternally therefore Christ speaking of the promised glorious state of his people in heaven doth four times own that Covenant-relation to his Father even with respect to his and their being together in his Kingdom Rev. 3.12 Him that overcometh will I make a pillar in the temple of my God and he shall go no more out and I will write upon him the name of my God and the name of the city of my God which is new Jerusalem which cometh down out of heaven from my God and I will write upon him my new name And if our Covenant-relation to God which did spring out of his shall stand and not cease in our glorified state in heaven much more his Rev. 5.10 And hast made us unto our God Kings and Priests and we shall reign on the earth There the redeemed Musicians that have the new Song in their mouths own their Covenant-relation to God and the Covenant-compellation our God is a note in their new Song 4. The offices which Christ did take on by this Covenant are eternal offices such as shall never cease and whereof he shall never be divested that his Mediatory-office his Kingdom and Priesthood are partakers of the eternity of this Covenant is plain Scripture Luk. 1.33 And he shall reign over the house of Jacob for ever and of his kingdom there shall be no end Heb. 1.8 But unto the Son he saith thy throne O God is for ever and ever a scepter of righteousness is the scepter of thy kingdom And 5.6 Thou art a priest for ever after the order of Melchisedec And 7.25 Wherefore he is able also to save them to the uttermost that come unto God by him seeing he ever liveth to make intercession for them The only question is whether or not this Covenant shall then cease and Christ's Mediatory-office shall then cease when Christ shall render up the Kingdom to the Father 1 Cor. 15.24 to 29. Concerning the full answer whereof Rutherf Treat of the Covenant p. 2. c. 12. p. 363. I refer the Reader to what is written by Mr. Rutherford upon that question For my part it satisfies me that I see vestiges in the Scripture 1. That after the last Judgment there shall be no use of such exercise and acts of Christ's Mediatory offices as King Priest and Prophet to his Church as we are now under in this last Oeconomy and dispensation of the Covenant of Grace because there shall be no sin then nor any enemy unsubdued Christ having perfected his people and presented them without spot to God Eph. 5.27 and having subdued all his foes and broken all opposition to his Kingdom and the elect people being brought out of danger so as they need no Temple or Ordinances Rev. 21.4.22 1 Cor. 15.25 2. That Christ Mediator shall unquestionably cease from and leave off such acts and exercise of his Mediatory-office as his body the Church hath no need of he shall be no Mediator of Reconciliation then because there shall be no sin then no Mediator to apply his death or to interceed for sinners for there shall be no sinners he shall be no Mediatory King then to beat down his foes and opposers of his offices for there shall be none when he shall have put down all rule and all authority and power 1 Cor. 15.24 that is all Magistracy and Government that now is either in Church or State 3. It is manifest that after the last Judgment there shall be a change of the Oeconomick government and that Christ shall render the kingdom Oeconomick or dispensatory to his father but after what manner this change of government shall be I do not so clearly understand whether it shall be only by Christ's rendering an account to his Father of his deputed and delegated charge having now saved all the elect and subdued all the rebels or if it shall be by laying down his Commission no more to rule in the former way of government or whether the government shall be so changed as the Father Son and Spirit shall immediately govern the glorious Church which seems to be insinuated Rev. 21.22 23 And I saw no temple therein for the Lord God almighty and the Lamb are the temple of it And the City had no need of the Sun neither of the Moon to shine in it for the glory of God did lighten it and the Lamb is the light thereof 1 Cor. 15.28 that God may be all in all 4. That Christ shall not then leave off to reign as Mediator even when the fore-mentioned change is made yet he remains the substantial glorified head of his mystical glorified body for ever who shall appear eternally for us as a pledg of the satisfaction once given whose presence is a speaking token of the standing Confederacy and Peace betwixt God and us in whose righteousness we stand cloathed before God in whose transactions and acting in the work of Redemption God is eternally well-pleased and by whose Covenant we stand and reign with him eternally and indefectibly in a confirmed glorified state else 1. To what end shall Christ stand glorified in our nature in heaven for ever 2. Why is the Lambs throne in heaven eternal Rev. 22.3 3. Else what means the Lambs servants in heaven for ever Rev. 22.3 and the new Song that is to the Lamb in heaven for ever Rev. 5.12 and 7.10 4. Else what meaneth the Lambs being in the midst of the glorified company his leading them being a temple and a light unto them Rev. 7.17 and 21.22 23. Sure the Lord Mediator as a glorified head of his glorious body in heaven acteth as Mediator though not as he acteth now and though we cannot well determine what fort of leading and what dispensation of influences from him are there and no wonder if his union with us and headship over us even here be a mysterie the knowledg whereof is referred to his coming again Joh. 14.20 At that day ye shall know that I am in my father and you in me and I in you yet the Lambs throne there and his leading the redeemed and being a light and temple to them proves his peculiar headship to them â— The blessings purchased by this Covenant of Suretiship are partakers of eternity they are eternal blessings the Redemption obtained by the Mediator is eternal Redemption Heb. 9.12 and eternal â—â—beritance Heb. 9.15 and eternal life Tit. 1.2 eternal Salvation Heiv 5.9 eternal Glory 1 Pet. 5.20 You see then that eternigy 〈…〉 of the Covenant of Redemption and that many things belonging to it are partakers of eternityâ— In 〈◊〉 it is a Covenant which was transacted from eternity before the foundation of the world was laid it is as old as the Ancient of days so that we cannot reckon the beginning thereof Prov. 8.23 I was set up from
thing or to pay any debt or to become baile for any person when it is thereafter also recorded of him that he satisfied and performed his undertaking And thus we find that his undertaking and suretiship that was recorded ere he came into the world Psal 40.6 Sacrifice and offering thou didst not desire mine ears hast thou opened burnt offering and sin offering hast thou not required c. Is also recorded of him to have been satisfied by him when he came into the world Heb. 10.5 6 7 Wherefore when he cometh into the world he saith sacrifice and offering thou wouldst not but a body hast thou prepared me In burnt offerings and sacrifices for sin thou hast had no pleasure Then said I to I come in the volume of the book it is written of me to do thy will O God 7. He is justified because he is openly relaxed and dismissed the Prison after that he had entered his person for payment of the broken man's debt the Debtor being under lash and execution of Law at the Creditor's pursuit and let go again is justified and acquitted And thus was Christ judicially and by authority of God loosed from death from the Prison and Fetters because the Prison could not hold him nor the gripes and fetters of death detain him Prisoner when the Sentence of the Law was satisfied and the Judg declared him free Act. 2.24 Whom God hath raised up having loosed the pains of death because it was not possible that he should be holden of it 't is a Phrase like to that Psal 105.20 The king sent and loosed him even the ruler of the people and let him go free Rom. 6.9 Knowing that Christ being raised from the dead dieth no more death hath no more dominion over him The sixth kind of Promises made by Jehovah unto Christ were these that relate to the reward that should be given to him for this great work and service in our Redemption And such were 1. The promise of exaltation after the debasement and ignominy that he should humble himself unto in the execution of his Suretiship Jehovah covenanteth with him to advance him to the greatest height of dignity and honour that is in earth or heaven Psal 89.27 Also I will make him my first born higher than the kings of the earth And 110.7 He shall drink of the brook in the way therefore shall he lift up the head Isa 53.12 Therefore will I divide him a portion with the great and he shall divide the spoil with the stoong which was performed unto him Phil. 2.8 And being found in fashion as a man he humbled himself and became obedient unto death even the death of the Cross therefore God hath highly exalted him c. Heb. 1.3 When he had by himself purged our sins sate down on the right hand of the Majesty on high Which promises and performances have a peculiar respect to the exaltation of Christ in his resurrection from the dead ascension unto heaven and session at the right hand of God whereof read Psal 16.8 9 10 11 compared with Act. 2.25 to 32. And 13.32 33. and Psal 110. 1. compared with Act. 2.34 35. 2. The promise of satisfaction a reward that should satisfie him a reward that should be according to his own heart and at his own asking and craving Isa 53.11 He shall be satisfied Psal 2.8 Ask of me and I shall give 3. The promise of a seed Since a redeemed seed was one of Christ's ends for which he served he endured hard labour he suffered he died which next unto the honour of God was upon his heart The Lord by Covenant with him promiseth that he shall not want off-spring he shall neither want children nor heirs he shall have the satisfaction which he desired Isa 53.10 11 When thou shalt make his soul an offering for sin he shall see his seed He shall see of the travel of his soul and shall be satisfied Heb. 2.13 Behold I and the children which God hath given me Eph. 5.25 26 27 Christ also loved the Church and gave himself for it that he might sanctifie and cleanse it with the washing of water by the word That he might present it to himself a glorious Church not having spot or wrinkle or any such thing but that it should be holy and without blemish and if this was one of Christ's ends for which he wrought and a part of his reward which his Father promised to him then 1. Sure he is Lord and Master of the will of man and hath a forcible soveraignty and dominion over man's free well See Mr. Rutherf Treat of the Covenant p. 2. c. 9. p. 327 c. to bow and determine it which Arminians and Socinians deny else how can he promise a seed to Christ and undeclinably and insuperably make that promise good and cause them believe and persevere unto the end whereby they come and abide his seed Then 2. There is no more desirable sight to the eye of Christ than to see all his Redeemed seed about him in his Father's house fairly landed and without the reach of all possible danger of perishing Joh. 17.24 Father I will that they also whom thou hast given me be with me where I am Heb. 2.13 Behold I and the children which God hath given me Then 3. There can be nothing more certain than the faith perseverance and salvation of Christ's elect and redeemed seed in regard it is both undertaken by Christ in his part of the Covenant of Suretiship and promised to Christ by his Father and so undertaken by Jehovah also in the articles of the Covenant of Redemption 4. The promise of a large Dominion and Kingdom the Lord promiseth to Christ that a large and flourishing Kingdom shall be given him over many countreys and that he shall have many subjects and these conquering too who shall stand last in the fields and have a prosperous war until the day of their Redemption Psal 2.8 Ask of me and I will give thee the heathen then for thy inheritance and the uttermost parts of the earth for thy possession And 72.8 9 11 He shall have dominion from sea to sea and from the river unto the ends of the earth They that dwell in the wilderness shall bow before him and his enemies shall lick the dust yea all Kings shall fall down before him all Nations shall serve him And 110.3 Thy people shall be willing in the day of thy power in the beauties of holiness from the womb of the morning Mal. 1.11 For from the rising of the Sun even unto the going down of the same my name shall be great among the Gentiles and in every place incense shall be burned unto my name and a pure offering for my name shall be great among the heathen saith the Lord of hosts Zech. 9.10 His dominion shall be from sea to sea and from the river even to the ends of the earth Dan. 7.14 And there was given him dominion
are not capable such as a throne at the right hand of God a name above every name Dominion from Sea to Sea all power in Heaven and Earth and the like Heb. 1.8 13. Phil. 2.8 9. Psal 89.22.25 27. Isa 53.10 11. Mat. 28.18 7. There be many threatnings annexed to the Covenant of Reconciliation Threatnings of Gospel-vengeance to the transgressors of the Covenant Heb. 2.3 How shall we escape if we neglect so great salvation which at first began to be spoken by the Lord and was confirmed unto us by them that heard him 1 Cor. 16.22 If any man love not the Lord Jesus Christ let him be Anathema Maranatha But there are no threatnings in the Covenant of Suretiship nothing denounced against the man Christ if he should fail of his undertakings for there was no use nor place for threatnings in that Covenant in regard the undertaker was exempted from all possible failing in the performance the man Christ could not possibly sin nor fall short of that Covenant in regard of the personal union 8. The Commands and conditions of the Covenant of Redemption and the Covenant of Reconciliation are different For 1. There are commands in the Covenant of Redemption peculiar to Christ alone and such as are not required of us nor do belong to us such as the command of taking upon him our nature and laying down his life and making his soul an offering for Sin c. Heb. 10.5 7. Joh. 10.18 Isa 53.10 11. Again there are commands and conditions required in the Covenant of Reconciliation which are peculiar to us alone such as the commands of believing in Christ repenting and working out our Salvation with fear and trembling c. Act. 16.31 and 3.19 Phil. 2.12 The former is Christ's work not ours and these are conditions required of us not of Christ 2. All the commands of the Covenant of Redemption are conditions whatsoever work is put upon Christ to do is a condition of his Covenant with Jehovah but all the conditions of the Covenant of Reconciliation are not conditions of the righteousness and life therein promised else Justification should be of works Rom. 4.4 5 Now to him that worketh is the reward not reckoned of grace but of debt But to him that worketh not but believeth on him that justifieth the ungodly his faith is counted for righteousness Phil. 3.7 But what things were gain to me those I counted loss for Christ. 3. The conditions of the Covenant of Redemption are works down-right obedience doing and suffering Joh. 17.4 I have glorified thee on the earth I have finished the work which thou gavest me to do But the condition of the Covenant of Reconciliation is grace not works Rom. 4.16 Therefore it is of faith that it might be by grace to the end the promise might be sure to all the seed Not to that only which is of the law but to that also which is of the faith of Abraham who is the father of us all 4. The conditions of the Covenant of Redemption are antecedent meritorious conditions for which the reward and wages promised to Christ by that Covenant is given Joh. 17.4 5 I have finished the work which thou gavest me to do And now O father glorifie thou me with thine own self But the conditions of the Covenant of Reconciliation are not antecedent conditions such as are in civil contracts of Justice when one thing is given for another but they are consequent conditions such as hold forth the connexion and order of things Conditions which do not hold forth the cause for which God gives the things promised but the connexion of things the qualification of the subject or the way and means of conveyance by and through which he gives the things promised and without which he will not give them Rom. 3.24 25 Being justified freely by his grace through the redemption that is in Jesus Christ Whom God hath sent forth to be a propitiation through faith in his blood 9. The Covenant of Redemption tarried not for our consent to make it an actual Covenant neither had any dependency upon man or any act of his will but alone upon the free will and good pleasure of him who is Lord of our will and could give us away to Christ without our knowledg and consent when yet we were not because he hath power over the clay and can indeclinably bow the wills of Men and Angels therefore I say this Covenant tarried not for our saying Amen to it but was actually concluded and transacted with Christ who was set up from everlasting in Heaven as designed Mediator before we were in a capacity to know it or to say yea or no being a deed that was from everlasting as we have often hinted from Prov. 8.22 to 31. But the Covenant of Reconciliation made with us 〈◊〉 depends principally upon Christ's eternal transactions with Jehovah whereby we were virtually in Covenant with God through his undertaking for us to procure our consent unto such conditions of righteousness and life as his Father had fore-ordained Joh. 6.37 All that the Father giveth me shall come to me and him that cometh to me I will in no wise cast out So also it cannot be an actual formal Covenant with us without our own consent before we are actually and formally in Covenant with God through Grace and before we receive any actual benefit by a new Covenant state not the Spirit only must say come but the Bride also Rev. 22.17 20 And the Spirit and the Bride say Come Amen even so 3. But although these Covenants are on this wise to be differenced and distinguished yet they are not to be divided and separated there is an observable conjunction and connexion betwixt the Covenant of Redemption made with Christ and the Covenant of Reconciliation and Grace made with us Sinners which doth demonstrate the dependance of this latter upon the former and that the Covenant of Reconciliation hath its rise and original from the Covenant of Redemption made betwixt Jehovah and Christ These two Covenants are conjoyned together by a five-fold connexion 1. By an inseparable connexion There is such a near and strict conjunction betwixt these Covenants that they cannot be separated take away the Covenant of Suretiship and the Covenant of Grace falls to the ground this can no more stand without that than a house without a foundation take away the foundation and the whole building and superstructure falls God hath founded the Covenant of Reconciliation made with us upon the eternal compact of Redemption which he made with Christ his Covenant with Christ is the key and corner-stone of the whole frame and building of his Covenant with us yea it is the very pillars of the house that wisdom hath built of that Master-piece of work that is worthy the wisdom of him that framed it and cannot be separated from the Covenant made with us Prov. 9.1 Wisdom hath built her house she hath hewen out her seven
further and more significantly express this condescending-love Heb. 2.16 It was a favour which he denied to the Angels 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 not at all or not in any wise he neither looked after nor sent nor went after the Angels he neither followed them nor took hold of their nature nor suffered them to take hold of him though these glorious spirits were incomparably far above us that Christ would manifest himself not in the most glorious Creatures but in our flesh was strange condescension 3. In Christs taking our nature we are to consider the honour and exaltation of our nature and of us in that union And 1. That it may appear what honour is conferred upon our nature by Christ assuming it into the personal union with the Godhead Consider 1. The nearer that any Creature is to God the greater honour is put upon it It is the honour of people that are under ordinances that they have God near to them Deut. 4.7 For what nation is there so great who hath God so nigh unto them as the Lord our God is in all things that we call upon him for It is a more especial honour of those that have offices in the house of God Heb. 5.4 And no man taketh this honour unto himself Now there is a threefold union 1. Moral so were men and Angels united before the fall 2. Mystical so are Believers united amongst themselves and with Christ 3. Hypostatical so is our nature united with the divine nature in the Person of Christ there is a personal union of our nature with God this is the nearest union and therefore the highest honour and exaltation Heb. 1.4 Being made so much better than the Angels as he hath by inheritance obtained a more excellent name then they 2. Consider the Sonship that Christ hath as Mediator whereby our nature is also highly exalted the Son of God and our nature have but one Sonship for siliatio est personae Heb. 1.5 For unto which of the Angels said he at any time Thou art my Son this day have I begotten thee And again I will be to him a Father and he shall be to me a Son 3. Consider the glorious communion that our nature hath by this union with the Son of God 't is a high and great communion that Angels and the spirits of just men are made perfect have with God but the communion that our nature hath with Christ is far higher Joh. 3.13 And no man hath ascended up to heaven but he that came down from heaven even the Son of man which is in heaven Even the man Christ is Gods fellow Zech. 13.7 This is high communion indeed whereby all the will of God is known to him and so to our nature Col. 1.19 For it pleased the Father that in him should all fulness dwell 4. What honour is it that our nature should be the Treasury and Store-house of all the good which God intends to dispense to men and Angels Col. 2.9 For in him dwelleth all the fulness of the Godhead bodily Divines call the humane nature Canalis gratiae Eph. 1.22 And hath put all things under his feet and gave him to be the head over all things to the Church 5. What honour is it that all the Creatures should worship God in our nature Heb. 1.6 And again when he bringeth in the first begotten into the world he saith And let all the Angels of God worship him Phil. 2.9 10 11 Wherefore God also hath highly exalted him and given him a name which is above every name that at the name of Jesus every knee should bow of things in heaven and things in earth and things under the earth And that every tongue should confess that Jesus Christ is Lord. Willingly or unwillingly by consent or by constraint all shall bow to the Lord Mediator to God in our nature even to the Son of man 6. What honour is it to our nature that God in the humane nature should dispose of the eternal estates of men and Angels for God shall even judg the world by the man Christ Act. 17.31 Joh. 5.27 And hath given him authority to execute judgment also because he is the Son of man Yea by Christs taking our nature upon him not only our nature but we our selves are honoured 1. We have a nearer union with Christ than man in his innocency had with God a nearer union than the Angels have for believers make up one body with Christ he is the head and they are the members Col. 1.18 And he is the head of the body the Church Eph. 1.22 23 And gave him to be the head over all things to the Church which is his body Heb. 2.11 For both he that sanctifieth and they who are sanctified are all one for which cause he is not ashamed to call them brethren 2. We are not beholden to one of another nature not to the Angels nor any other Creature you are independent of them all you have Salvation by one of your own nature Heb. 2.16 17 For verily he took not on him the nature of Angels but he took on him the seed of Abraham Wherefore in all things it behoved him to be made like unto his brethren that he might be a merciful and faithful High-priest in things pertaining to God to make reconciliation for the sins of the people 4. Let us consider how Christs taking our nature upon him or taking it into the union of his Person is the great qualification of him for the Office of Mediatorship Our Mediator behoved to be God manifested in the flesh to make way for clearing this I shall premise 1. That the Angels Covenant if any Covenant was made with the Angels as some think it was not made with the whole Angelical nature it was personal some of them fell and some of them stood and all fell not in them that fell Mans first Covenant was with his Nature and in Adam all fell 2. When Man and Angels fell God intended to raise the one and not to raise but to destroy the other 3. God will not restore man without a fit satisfaction to his Justice 4. There is an eternal impotency in man to give to God a fitting satisfaction the command of the Law man cannot obey the curse of the Law he cannot bear to his own advantage so as to make way thereby to his own restitution Here is obedience required that cannot be performed by man and a guiltiness contracted that cannot be taken away by man Therefore a Mediator must be had and he must be God and man in one person 1. He must be God for man could not make satisfaction to God for sin It was the union of the Divine nature with the human that made all Christs sufferings meritorious that made his shoulder fit for the burden and weight of the work of satisfying Divine Justice Psal 89 19 I have laid help upon one that is mighty I say therefore that it was absolutely necessary
of the world and the glory of them and saith unto him All these things will I give thee if thou will fall down and worship me Besides all these Requisites in a Mediator which shine forth so eminently in Jesus the Mediator of the New Covenant there are also some other Properties in our Mediator qualifying him for that Office which are peculiar to his Mediation and are not to be found in any other Mediator among men namely 1. His Oneness and Sameness with both the parties betwixt whom he mediates There have been mediators among men who have had some interests and relations to both parties but never any like to this one and only Mediator of the New Covenant who is perfectly one with both the parties which stand at so great distance Phil. 2.6 Who being in the form of God thought it not robbery to be equal with God Heb. 2.17 Wherefore in all things it behoved him to be made like unto his brethren And therefore he is so much engaged to make them one in him he is nearly concerned in the union of these two parties 1. In point of Interest he gaineth by it his Fathers honour is gain to him and so is our happiness also John 16.14 15 He shall glorifie me for he shall receive of mine and shall shew it unto you All things that the Father hath are mine therefore said I that he shall take of mine and shall shew it unto you Isa 59.16 Therefore his arm brought salvation unto him 2. In point of Faithfulness he hath undertaken it and will do it for he is faithful and true Rev. 1.5 and 3.14 and 19.11 3. In point of Honour 't is a Crown to him to make the agreement betwixt God and man Joh. 17.4 5 I have glorified thee on the earth I have finished the work which thou gavest me to do And now O Father glorifie thou me with thine own self with the glory which I had with thee before the world was Isa 53.12 Therefore will I divide him a portion with the great and he shall divide the spoil with the strong because he hath poured out his soul unto death and he was numbred with the transgressors and he bare the sin of many and made intercession for the transgressors Psal 110. last He shall drink of the brook in the way therefore shall he lift up the head 4. In point of Satisfaction it 's comfort to him to see this union Isa 53.11 He shall see of the travel of his soul and shall be satisfied 2. Christ is a Mediator who never declined to mediate in the business of all those who have any dealing with the King and Court where he lies being a potent accessible Mediator to all who will employ him Heb. 7.25 Wherefore he is able also to save them to the uttermost that come unto God by him seeing he ever liveth to make intercession for them Joh. 6.37 All that the Father giveth me shall come unto me and him that cometh unto me I will in no wise cast out 3. A Mediator who is always at hand never absent from the Court never missing when sinners have any business with God He is a constant Agent who lieth always in heaven to make the Address of his people to his Father Rev. 8.3 And another angel came and stood at the altar having a golden censor and there was given unto him much incense that he should offer it with the prayers of all saints upon the golden altar which was before the throne Heb. 9.24 For Christ is not entred into the holy places made with hands which are the figures of the true but into heaven it self now to appear in the presence of God for us But Mediators among men are oft-times far to seek and ill to find 2 Sam. 14.29 as Joab was when Ahsolom would have sent him to the King who when he was sent for the first and second time would not come to him 4. A perpetual Mediator who neither dieth nor layeth down his Office Moses who was a typical mediator and Joseph who dealt with Pharoah for Israel died and then it went hard with Israel But Jesus the Mediator of the New Covenant continueth for ever Heb. 7.23 24 And they truly were many priests because they were not suffered to continue by reason of death But this man because he continueth ever hath an unchangeable Priesthood Let us shortly hint some Uses of these things And 1. of the Qualifications fitting Christ for this Employment Vse 1. If Jesus the Mediator of the New Covenant be a person interested in both parties Then there can be no ground to suspect him of partiality but to look upon all that he propoundeth in the Gospel in order to the reconciliation of God with sinners as coming from one who is nearly interested and well affected to both parties it is our sin that we look upon Christ and the things propounded by him in the Gospel as if he were for God only and not for us also Joh. 17.19 And for their sakes I sanctifie my self that they also might be sanctified through the truth Vse 2. If the Mediator be so trusty a Person Then let us entrust to him the managing of our everlasting interests know him to be such that you may without fear and jealousie confidently commit to him what ever you have to do with God 2 Tim. 1.12 For I know whom I have believed and I am perswaded that he is able to keep that which I have committed unto him against that day Vse 3. If the Mediator be marvellously affected towards the union of God and sinners for the good of both parties Then bear with his way of promoting your happiness so as he may honour his Father for he must have both in his eye and therefore will make your peace and will make you happy by humbling you and making you seek his peace and by making you holy c. Eph. 1.4 5 6 According as he hath chosen us in him before the foundation of the world that we should be holy and without blame before him in love Having predestinated us unto the adoption of children by Jesus Christ to himself according to the good pleasure of his will to the praise of the glory of his grace wherein he hath made us accepted in the beloved And 2.10 For we are his workmanship created in Christ Jesus unto good works which God hath before ordained that we should walk in them And think not that any way that Jesus Christ will have his Father honoured in you is contrary to your happiness Vse 4. If Christ have power with both the parties betwixt whom he is a Mediator then you must needs let him dispose of you and command you wherein he will for making your peace with his Father and whatever power you yeild to him over you with your own consent believe it he will improve it for your advantage and he hath credit with his Father to effectuate the business for his
Angels The first Scripture is that 1 Tim. 2.5 For there is one God and one Mediator between God and men the Man Christ Jesus which seems to set forth the object of Christs Mediation to be men not Angels but consider that there is a twofold Mediation of Christ the one of Redemption or Reconciliation the other of Preservation or confirmation Christ is only a Mediator of Redemption betwixt God and man for he never undertook for the fallen Angels Matth. 25.41 Then shall he say unto them on his left hand Depart from me ye cursed into everlasting fire prepared for the Devil and his Angels Jude ver 6 And the Angels which kept not their first estate but left their own habitation he hath reserved in everlasting chains under darkness unto the judgment of the great day And of this Mediation speaks that Text 1 Tim. 2.5 A Mediation which had a ransom and propitiation in it that Christ died only for man not for the Angels The other Scripture is that Heb. 2.16 For verily he took not on him the nature of Angels but he took on him the seed of Abraham Which will indeed prove and speaketh it plainly that when fallen men and Angels were before him sinking into their misery he took hold of the one not of the other And so that none of the fallen Angels have benefit by Christs Mediation It will prove that herein Christ expressed his love more to Men than Angels in that he saved some of the fallen men but none of the Angels and would carry this Office not in their Nature but in ours Yet I conceive it will not prove that the elect Angels have no benefit by Christs Mediation I incline therefore to think it most probable that the elect Angels are not to be excluded from the benefit of Christs Mediation whether they had need of a Mediator or not as Calvin upon Col. 1.20 laboureth to prove I shall not debate but these two things only I shall speak of 1. I shall shew that the good Angels have benefit by Christ which is certain 2. That there are probable grounds to judg that they have this benefit through Christs Mediation 1. By Christ the Angels have knowledg of the mysteries of our Salvation even a glorious addition of knowledg by this new discovery and bright manifestation of God in all his Atributes that have shined forth in Christ Eph. 3.10 To the intent that now unto the Principalitics and Powers in Heavenly places might be known by the Church the manifold wisdom of God 1 Pet. 1.12 Which things the Angels did desire to look into 2. By Christ they have an honourable Office they became Principalities and Powers in governing the world and Ministring Spirits that Christ may be honoured in the Church Col. 1.16 For by him were all things created that are in Heaven and that are in Earth visible and invisible whether they be Thrones or Dominions or Principalities or Powers all things were created by him and for him Heb. 1.14 Are they not all ministring Spirits sent forth to minister for them who shall be heirs of Salvation And therefore when Christ shall give up his dispensatory Kingdom then shall all rule be put down which is not only to be understood of the being of no Magistracy and no Ministry but even of the Angels Principalities and Powers 3. By Christ the Angels have joy at the conversion of sinners Luke 15.10 Likewise I say unto you there is Joy in the presence of the Angels of God over one sinner that repenteth Matth. 18.10 Take heed that ye despise not one of these little ones For I say unto you that in Heaven their Angels do alwayes behold the face of my Father which is in Heaven Luke 2.13 And suddenly there was with the Angel a multitude of the Heavenly Host praising God By Christ the Angels have a more perfect and firm union with God a kind of econciliation Col. 1.20 And having made peace by the blood of his Cross by him to reconcile all things to himself by him I say whether they be things on Earth or things in Heaven Where by things in Heaven is understood Angels who are said to be reconciled to God not properly for where there is no breach there can be no reconciliation this is peculiar unto man but improperly and annalogically they may be said to be reconciled by confirming and establishing them in the grace and favour of God Tollendo peccata hominum possibilitatem peccandi in Angelis taking away all possibility of defection in them 2. These benefits which the Angels certainly have by Christ they may be probably conceived to have them by Christs Mediation 1. Because Christ is a head to the elect Angels as well as to elect men and they are part of his mystical body Col. 2.10 And ye are compleat in him which is the head of all Principality and Power Eph. 1.10 That in the Dispensation of the fulness of times he might gather together in one all things in Christ both which are in Heaven and which are on Earth even in him they are reckoned a part of the Catholick Church and inhabitants of the Heavenly Jerusalem Heb. 12.23 24 Now if Christ be head of the Church as he is Mediator then whatsoever benefit they as part of his Body have from Christ the Head I do not see how we can avoid to say they must have it through his Mediation For how can it be conceived that one part of Christs Body hath benefit from Christs Mediation and another part of it hath benefit by him and yet another way than by his mediation 2. Because whatsoever benefit the Angels have by Christ they were elected unto it 1 Tim. 5.21 I charge thee before God and the Lord Jesus Christ and the elect Angels Now Christ being the head of the election in whom all that are elect are elected Eph. 1.4 According as he hath chosen us in Christ before the foundation of the world And the benefits unto which we are elected in Christ coming through his Mediation to all the elect these must come so to the elect Angels also Eph. 1.4 5 10 According as he hath chosen us in Christ before the foundation of the world that we should be holy and without blame before him in love Having predestinated us unto the Adoption of Children by Jesus Christ. That in the dispensation of the fulness of time he might gather together in one all things in Christ 3. Because whatsoever creature is not under a possibility of sinning Aquin. part 1. Qâ—ust 63. Art 1. it hath that not by the condition of its nature but by grace Now the elect Angels being freed from all possibility of sinning this they must have by Grace which cometh not only from Christ but through his Mediation Joh. 1.17 For the Law was given by Moses but Grace and Truth came by Jesus Christ being some other thing supervenient beside the good of their natural condition wherein
if ye believe not that I am he ye shall die in your sins 5. There are Predictions and Prophesies in the Gospel-Covenant I mean especially these which concern Eternity the last Judgment Hell and Heaven which are the things that are least believed of all that ever men heard tell of Christ the Witness of the Covenant testifieth also that these things are true the Covenant telleth us that this world shall have an end and time shall be no more Eternity is coming Psal 102.26 They shall perish but thou shalt endure yea all of them shall was old like a garment as a vesture shalt thou change them and they shall be changed 2 Pet. 3.10 But the day of the Lord will come as a thief in the night in the which the Heavens shall pass away with a great noise and the elements shall melt with fervent heat the earth also and the works that are therein shall be burnt up Christ the Witness of the Covenant testifieth and sweareth that is true Rev. 10.5 6 And the Angel which I saw stand upon the sea and upon the earth lift up his hand to Heaven and sware by him that liveth for ever and ever who created Heaven and the things that therein are and the earth and the things that therein are and the sea and the things which are therein that there should be time no longer The Covenant saith that God hath appointed a day wherein Christ shal judg the world and all shall bow to him Act. 17.31 Because he hath appointed a day in the which he will judg the world in righteousness by that man whom he hath ordained And this witness of the Covenanant testifieth and confirmeth that with an Oath Rom 14.10 11 12 We shall all stand before the judgment seat of Christ for it is written As I live saith the Lord every knee shall how to me and every tongue shall confess to God so then every one of us shall give account of himself to God The Covenant saith there is a Hell and a Heaven there is a resting-place prepared for the people of God and a place of torment for all the wicked 1 Cor. 2.9 10 But as it is written eye hath not seen nor ear heard neither hath entred into the heart of man the things which God hath prepared for them that love him But God hath revealed them unto us by his spirit for the spirit searcheth all things yea the deep things of God Luk. 16.23 And in Hell he lift up his eyes being in torment and seeth Abraham afar off and Lazarus in his bosome Rev. 14.10 11 The same shall drink of the wine of the wrath of God which is poured out without mixture into the cup of his indignation and he shall be tormented with fire and brimstone in presence of the holy Angels and in the presence of the lamb and the smoak of their torment ascendeth up for ever and ever The Witness of the Covenant testifieth that these things are true for he was both in Hell and Heaven i. e. he saw both and tasted of the things that are in them Psal 16.10 For thou wilt not leave my soul in Hell Luk. 23.43 Jesus said unto him Verily I say unto thee to day thou shalt be with me in paradise Joh. 17.5 And now O father glorifie thou me with thine own self with the glory which I had with thee before the world was 6. There are Exceptions and Reservations of the crosses and afflictions in several cases by the Covenat Psal 89.30 32. If his Children forsake my law then will I visit their transgressions with the rod. The Witness of the Covenant testifieth it is true and confirmeth it by making it an express Reservation and Exception in all his dealings with his people Luk. 9.23 And he said unto them all If any man will come after me let him deny himself and take up his cross daily and follow me Luk. 14.27 And whosoever doth not bear his cross and come after me cannot be my Disciple Mat. 16.24 Then said Jesus unto his Disciples if any man will come after me let him deny himself and take up his cross and follow me 2. The Covenant may be said to be established and confirmed by Christ the Witness in regard that it is his witness that putteth an end to controversies about all things pertaining to the Covenant for in him they have a double establishment they are sure in themselves and they are sure unto us 1. All which is contained in the Covenant is firm and sure in Christ 2 Cor. 1.20 For all the promises of God in him are yea and in him Amen unto the glory of God by us Act. 13.34 And as concerning that he raised him up from the dead now no more to return to corruption he said on this wise I will give you the sure mercies of David His Witness makes it certain that there are such things and that these things are irrevocable and unalterable not to be done away nor broken because the Oath of God and witness of his Christ is in this Covenant which was not in the first Covenant Psal 89.34 35 My Covenant will I not break nor alter the thing that is gone out of my lips Once have I sworn by my holiness that I will not lye unto David 2. His witness maketh them sure to us as well as sure in themselves for it is that which puts the business of our salvation beyond doubting at least should put it beyond doubting because we have Christs testimony for it he hath made it a sworn article of the Covenant Heb. 6.17 18 Wherein God willing more abundantly to shew unto the heirs of promise the immutability of his counsel confirmed it by an Oath to wit the Promise and Covenant made and confirmed with Abraham by the Angel of the Covenant that by two immutable things in which it was impossible for God to lye we might have a strong consolation who have fled for refuge to lay hold upon the hoâ— set before us 1 Joh. 5.9 If we receive the witness of men the witness of God is greater For application of this Let us first reflect upon our selves and the way of our hearts with the Lord that we may be convinced how much we have slighted this Covenant-relation of Christs how little use we have made of him as the witness of the Covenant and how small weight we have laid upon his testimony That this may appear Consider 1. He hath not been employed by us to witness in all things wherein we have wanted certainty in the matters pertaining to the Covenant such as the revealing the secret of his Covenant the certifying us of his Covenant love and our Covenant-state and interest in him c. How often have we fled unto and trusted in means and marks for the attaining of these things and have not employed him who was given for a witness to declare and assure of these things Joh. 1.18 No man hath seen God at any
betwixt the parties through the Messenger and by his means and travel 2 Sam. 11.22 23 25 So the messenger went and came and shewed David all that Joab had sent him for And the Messenger said unto David surely the men prevailed against us Then David said unto the messenger thus shalt thou say unto Joab let not this thing displease thee c. Joh. 17.6 8 I have manifested thy name unto the men which thou gavest me out of the world and they have believed that thou didst send me Joh. 13.3 And that he was come from God and went to God 2. Consider next in what respects the name Messenger is applicable to Christ with relation to the Covenant 1. In regard of the power and trust committed unto him in the matters of the Covenant he is the Messenger of the Covenant that is the great Lord Ambassadour extraordinary and Trustee of Heaven who represented his father and who was Plenipotentiary being perfectly instructed and fully impowred to propound treat and conclude in all matters pertaining to the Covenant and the settlement of peace 'twixt God and man and in this sense the word is used 1 Kings 16.7 and 17.4 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 malakim Messengers i. e. Ambassadours and Isa 33.7 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 melache the Ambassadors of peace thus Christ is the Messenger of the Covenant this power and trust is committed unto him to represent his father 2 Cor. 5.19 To wit that God was in Christ reconciling the world unto himself Heb. 1.1 3 God hath in these last days spoken to us by his Son And to treat and conclude with us a Covenant in his name Joh. 5.22 For the father judgeth no man but hath committed all judgment unto the Son Joh. 17.2 As thou hast given him power oven all flesh that he should give eternal life to as many as thou hast given him Mat. 28.18 All power is given unto me in Heaven and earth 2. This-name of Messenger of the Covenant is applicable to him in regard of his pains and travel in the matters of the Covenant I mean in regard of his work as well as his trust and thus in regard of several pieces of his work and travel he may be called the Messenger of the Covenant 1. He is the Messenger who carried the Message of a new Covenant who travelled from Heaven to Earth with this Message to make a Covenant betwixt God and sinners he came expresly for this one errant Gal. 4.4 5 But when the fulness of the time was come God sent forth his Son made of a woman made under the law to redeem them that were under the law that we might receive the adoption of Sons 1 Joh. 5.6 This is he that came by water and blood even Jesus Christ not by water only but by water and blood 1 Joh. 1.5 This then is the message which we have heard of him and declare unto you that God is light and in him is no darkness at all And in this sense the word is frequently used for an Express or one sent for a particular Errant and purpose Joh. 1.6 7 There was a man sent from God whose name was John The same came for a witness to bear witness of the light that all men through him might believe Mat. 11.10 For 〈◊〉 is he of whom it is written Behold I send my messenger before thy face which shall prepare thy way before thee 2. He is the Messenger who did publish and intimate the new Covenant and Gods gracious purpose in it as that thing which was his errant in the World he did it Authoritatively others only Ministerially 2 Cor. 5.20 Now then we are ambassadors for Christ as though God did beseech you by us we pray you in Christs stead he ye reconciled to God He is the chief Minister of the new Testament others only by commission from him Isa 61.1 The spirit of the Lord God as upon me because the Lord hath annointed me to preach good ridings unto the meek Heb. 8.2 6 10 A minister of the Sanctuary and of the true Tabernacle which the Lord pitched and not man But now hath he obtained a more excellent ministry by how much also he is the mediator of a better Covenant which was established upon better promises For this is the Covenant that I will make with the house of Israel after those days saith the Lord c. Eph. 4.9.11 Now that he ascended what is it but that he also descended first into the lower parts of the earth and he gave some Apostles and some Prophets and some Evangelists and some Pastors and Teachers Luk. 19.10 Eph. 2.17 Pov. 9.1 3. So the word is taken for one that intimateth or bringeth word and giveth notice of any thing Joh 1.14 3. He is the Messenger who doth interpret and declare the Message of the new Covenant who travelleth to be an Interpreter of the mind of God in that matter Mat. 11.27 All things are delivered unto me of my father and no man knoweth the Son but the father neither knoweth any man the father save the Son and he to whomsoever the Son will reveal him Joh. 1.18 No man hath seen God at any time the only begotten Son which is in the besome of the father he hath declared him Rom. 3.25 26. Whom God hath set forth to be a propitiation through Faith in his blood to declare his righteousness for the remission of sins that are past through the forbearance of God To declare I say at this time his righteousness that he might be just and the justifier of him 〈◊〉 hith believeth in Jesus Luk. 24.17 And beginning at Moses and all the Prophets he expounded unto them in all 〈◊〉 Scriptures the things concerning himself Hence he is called a Prophet Act. 3.22 And thâ—â— Prophet Joh. 6.14 and 7.40 And in this sense this word is taken Job 33.23 If there be a messenger with him an interpreter one among a thousand to shew unto man his uprightness 4. He is the messenger which acteth the Covenant upon the hearts of his people effective physice I mean the Messenger which attacheth the hearts of his people as a Serjeant at Arms that layeth hands upon a man and bringeth them into the bond of the Covenant the Messenger that never leaveth pursuit until he hath apprehended Ezek. 20.37 And I will bring you into the bond of the Covenant Heb. 8.10 For this is the Covenant that I will make with the house of Israel after those days saith the Lord I will put my laws into their mind and write them in their hearts and I will be to them a God and they shall be to me a people Hos 2.19 And I will betroth thee unto me for ever yea I will betroth thee unto me in righteousness and in judgment and in loving-kindness and in mercies Ezek. 36 27 And I will put my spirit within you and cause you to walk in my statutes and ye shall keep my judgments