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A70901 The pillar and ground of truth a treatise shewing that the Roman Chvrch falsly claims to be that church, and the pillar of that truth, mentioned by S. Paul in his First epistle to Timothy, Chap. III. vers. 15, which is explained in three parts. Patrick, Simon, 1626-1707.; Sherlock, William, 1641?-1707. 1687 (1687) Wing P833; ESTC R12795 90,521 140

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better from one of their society who calls them brethren than from one that separates from them as mere Strangers and Foreigners with whom they have nothing to do in matters of Religion Would to God this were more seriously practised among us that we would be as forward charitably to reprove Men for their wickedness as we are even to reproach them perhaps uncharitably for their false opinions It might be a means of their cure an effectual remedy for their amendment when piously and prudently administred and a means of bringing those back who are gone astray from us that there may be no divisions among us but we may be perfectly joyned together in the same mind and in the same judgment PART III. How the Church discharges this Office of a Pillar and Ground of Truth WHAT the Psalmist saith concerning Jerusalem or the Church of the Jews which was wont there to assemble is more fully verified in the Christian Church Great and glorious things are spoken of thee O thou city of God LXXXVII Ps 1. This great City S. John saw descending out of Heaven having the glory of God XXI Rev. 10 11. And in the Verse before calls this Church the bride the lambs wife There is a special presence that is of God in it and a special love of the Lord Jesus to it For it is the body of Christ and the fulness of him that fills all things To this S. John saith they shall bring the glory and honour of the nations against this our Saviour promises the gates of hell shall not prevail The pure water of life clear as crystal runs therein here grows the tree of life XXII Rev. 1 2. and it is as it were the paradise and garden of God. Which things show what an honour what an happiness it is to be a Citizen of this Holy Jerusalcm Whosoever they be that by a cordial Faith in Christ and sincere love to him joyn themselves to this Body are made Members of Christ Children of God Companions of Angels and Inheritors of the Kingdom of Heaven They are under the protection of the Almighty under the guidance of his Holy Spirit under the care and tender love of that great and glorious Lord who is the Prince of all the kings of the earth and hath all power in heaven as well as earth invested in him For the Church is the house and family of God nay the temple of the living God 2 Cor. VI. 17. for he hath said as it there follows I will dwell in them and walk in them and will be their God and they shall be my people I will be a Father unto you and ye shall be my sons and daughters saith the Lord God Almighty These things are great indeed and exceeding glorious But not content with these priviledges which are as a Royal Diadem and Crown of Glory on the Head of the Church there are those who would adorn her with prouder Titles and set her forth in an adulterous dress and a presumptuous glory making her in a manner equal to her Head the Lord Christ For they have snatcht one of the incommunicable properties of God and fixt it as a Jewel on the top of the Churches Crown telling us that she is an infallible Guide who cannot mislead us That is though she may go astray and play the Harlot in life and practice yet she cannot err nor mistake in her judgment So that if we listen to what she says we shall never wander but always be in the right For the proof of this they first suppose themselves to be the Church of Christ and they alone and then they abuse this place of Holy Scripture to assert this Divine Prerogative to be in his Church that is in themselves But I have exposed the bold folly of these pretences by showing that the Church here spoken of is the Church of Ephesus and that Timothy was the principal Pillar and Ground of Truth in this Church Which doth not signifie I have shown that either the Church or Timothy were the very Foundation of the Christian Faith upon whose credit the Authority the Truth and Certainty of all Religion depends but the Supporters of the Truth who testified maintained upheld and propagated the Faith of Christ For the more full understanding of which I shall briefly show before I proceed to the last thing propounded first what power it is that we herein ascribe to the Church particularly to the Bishops and Governors thereof Secondly what power it cannot pretend unto nor ought to be yielded to any Church or Person whatsoever I. As for the first of these what the power is we allow the Church when we say it upholds maintains and testifies to the Truth it is as much as to enquire of what Authority the Testimony of the Church is how much it ought to weigh with us and how far we ought to yield to it to the Testimony for instance of the present Church of which we are Members for it hath as much Authority as any other when it propounds Truth to us and presses it upon our belief Are we to believe it meerly because the Church saith it In answer to which we affirm that the Testimony of the Church is that whereby we are both informed of the Truth and induced as by the first external motive to Faith in Christ Mr. Hooker calls it the Key as others do the Door which lets us into the knowledge of the great Mystery of Godliness which is preserved in this House of God. If we allow it not this we allow it nothing nor can it or any Person in it be said to be a Pillar and Ground of Truth unless it do something to the bringing us acquainted with the Truth which it propounds and sets before us and testifies to be that which Christ hath left with his Church to be delivered down to all Generations For it conveys the Holy Scriptures to us and calls upon us to consider and study them that therein by the help of the Pastors of the Church to whom this Office I have shown principally belongs we may find all necessary Truths in order to our Salvation Which Testimony being the Testimony of Men that profess Faithfulness Honesty and a good Conscience as the great thing in their Religion is the highest of all humane Testimonies and cannot but work very strongly and powerfully upon Mens minds when Christians are such as they profess to be and as they are it ought to work thus far upon all sorts of Men even upon those who are out of the Church as to incline them to have a reverend regard to that Faith and those Scriptures and to look into them and consider them which they see such multitudes of People and some of them very wise as well as devout constantly esteem as the very Truth of God transmitted to them from his Son by the Apostles who attended on him from his first appearing till he went to Heaven This moved S.
Age wrote an Epistle to the Philippians wherein they that had a mind and took care of their salvation L. III. Cap. 3.4 Euseb Hist L. IV. c. 14. might learn the character of his Faith and the Doctrine of Truth which was the very same as Irenaeus relates in the forenamed Chapter with that set down by him which he calls that one and only Truth which he received from the Apostles and delivered to the Church And what they taught in Asia and Irenaeus in France that Tertullian in the latter end of the same Age taught in Africk that there is but one only immoveable irreformable Rule of Faith (h) L. de Velandis Virg. C. 1. that is there is no other form of believing but this as de la Cerda honestly interprets the word irreformabilis in one God Almighty the Creator of the World and in his Son Jesus Christ born of the Virgin Mary crucified under Pontius Pilate raised the third day from the dead received up into Heaven and sitting now at the right hand of the Father and shall come to judge the quick and the dead by the resurrection also of the Flesh This he calls in that place the Law of Faith which he sets down in more words in another Book where he Prefaces to it by this remarkable proposition as he calls it (i) L. de praescription c. 9. that there is one and the same certain Doctrine instituted by Christ which all people ought to believe and consequently to seek that when they have found it they may believe Now the inquisition of one certain appointment cannot be infinite which is an incouragement to seek till one find and believe when he hath found because there remains saith he Nothing more but to preserve and keep what thou hast believed For thou believest this also that there is nothing else to be believed And therefore no further inquiry to be made when thou hast found and believed that which was appointed by him who did not command thee to enquire after any thing but what he appointed Upon which principle having a little further enlarged he proceeds to lay down the (k) Ib. Chap. XIII Rule of Faith that one certain appointment which if one believe there is nothing else to be believed whereby we believe there is one God alone and no other but the Creator of the World who made all things of nothing by his Word emitted before all things That Word called his Son seen variously in the name of GOD by the Patriarchs heard in the Prophets and at last brought down by the Spirit and power of God the Father into the Virgin Mary made flesh in her Womb and born of her became Jesus Christ and thereupon preached the new Law and the new promise of the Kingdom of Heaven wrought miracles was crucified rose the third day was taken up into Heaven sitteth at the right hand of the Father sent the vicarious power of the Holy Spirit who works in believers shall come in glory to take holy persons to the enjoyment of eternal Life and the celestial promises and to condemn the prophane to everlasting fire both parties being raised up again with the restoring of the flesh This is the Rule about which he there saith there are no questions the Rule in which Faith intirely consists that Faith which will save a Man unto which curiosity ought to yeild for to know nothing against the Rule is to know all things And beyond this Rule he there expresly argues (l) Ib. Cap. X. XIV Vbi enim erit finis quaerendi Vbi statio creaendi c. there is nothing to be believed for if we still be to seek for Faith where shall we rest Where shall we make an end of seeking Where shall we make a stand and stay our believing Or where shall a full st p be put to finding And that this was the constant Doctrine of those times and places it appears from hence that as Irenaeus often repeats this Rule and this alone so doth he a third time insist upon this even after he became a Montanist as the only Rule that had run down to their times from the beginning of the Gospel which he had always professed and now much more being more fully as he fancied instructed by the Paraclete the leader into all Truth Who durst not it seems though he pretended to Revelations adventure to alter this Rule which Tertullian recites again (m) Adv. Praxeam Cap. 2. in the same terms without any inlargements as he had done in his former Books And thereby satisfies us that he did not casually make this the Rule of Faith but that it was his constant sense which though he do not express in the very same words and syllables it only shows they had no other sense but this in their minds And as Vigilius (n) L. IV. adv Entychi●nos speaks about this very matter nec praejudicant verba ubi sensus incolumis permanet the words do not make a wrong opinion where the sense remains safe and sound Which may be applied to all the forms of belief which were in the Church of Rome of Aquileia and in the Churches of the East before the great Council of Nice none of which differ in sense though in some words they do nor have one Article of Faith more than the Creed now contains which Tertullian (o) Apolog. Cap. 47. once more calls the Rule of Truth which comes transmitted from Christ by his companions or Apostles and in another place most significantly that ONE EDICT of GOD which hangs up as the Edicts of the Emperor did in a Table to be read by all (p) De Resurrect Carnis Cap. 18. Nor was there any other Faith in the next Age to this in the third Century as we may be satisfied from Origen who in his Preface to his Books 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 thinking it necessary first to lay down a certain line and manifest rule by which to inquire concerning other things and having distinguished between things necessary to be believed and those which are not necessary he gives the summ of those things which were manifestly delivered by the Apostolical Preaching and it is nothing else but the present Creed about which he saith there is one sense of the whole Church And in his first Book against Celsus who said the Christian Religion was 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 a clancular Doctrine which they hid and concealed he avows that the Christian Doctrine was as well known in the World as the Opinions of Philosophers For who doth not know that we believe Jesus was born of a Virgin was crucified rose again from the Dead will come to Judgment and punish Sinners and reward the Righteous according to their Deeds Nay the Mystery of the future Resurrection is divulged though laught at by unbelievers These were the great things which were commonly taught and all obliged to believe as for others which were not
Cyprus Crete Pamphylia Lycia Isauria Egypt Lybia Pontus Capadocia and their next Neighbours with all the Churches of the East a few excepted who were Arians whose minds they knew and whose Writings they had to produce And then having set down the Nicene Creed they conclude In this Faith it is necessary for all to remain as Divine and Apostolical and not to change it For which he gives this reason in another account of it to Epictetus (a) Tom. I. pag. 582. Bishop of Corinth because it is sufficient for the overthrow of all ungodliness and for the establishment of a pious Faith in Christ Which is a plain declaration that this Faith is not defective and that in the Creed commonly ascribed to him there was no intention to add any new Article of Faith but only to explain the old For a whole Synod viz. that at Sardis forbad he tells us in another place (b) Epist ad Antioch p. 576. any other Faith to be written but this with which all should rest contented 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 c. because there was nothing wanting in it but it was full of godliness and that there ought no new Faith to be set forth lest this should seem to be imperfect and occasion should be given to them that had a mind to be often writing and defining concerning Faith. I omit that Confession of Faith which S. Basil makes in his Book of the true Faith (c) Tom. II. pag. 354. and two others in Epiphanius of both which he saith that the Faith of the Holy Church (d) In Anchor and that they were delivered by the Apostles Which is a further confirmation that though they added many more words to the Apostles Creed yet they added no new Article of Faith but only expounded more largely the meaning of some part of it upon the occasion of some Heresies which troubled the Church in those times When it was so far from their thoughts to add any new thing to the first Creed that among the numerous Creeds we find in Athanasius (e) Epist de S●●●d●s Arim. Sel●●ciae in Eusebius and others there is not one of them that makes any such attempt Nor did the Second General Council of Constantinople design any more but only 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 to strengthen and confirm the Nicene Faith as Socrates * L. V. cap. 8. speaks Which Constantinopolitan Creed or one very like Cyril of Hierusalem expounded in his Church and saith it was the only Faith delivered by the Church and fortified by all the Scripture (g) Cateches V. p. 44. For since all are not able to read the Scriptures and some by their want of understanding others by their business are hindred in acquiring that knowledge therefore lest Mens Souls should be lost by ignorance we have comprehended in a few sentences 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 the whole Doctrine of Faith. Which he carnestly presses them to have written not in Paper but in their Heart and to carry it about with them as their Viaticum in the whole course of their life and besides this to receive no other No saith he if I should change my mind and teach the contrary do not believe me no nor an Angel from Heaven as the Apostle speaks if he should Preach any other Gospel but that you have received For these Articles of Faith were not as it seems composed by Men but the principal things being gathered together out of the SCRIPTVRE they fill up one Doctrine of Faith. But it is more than time to proceed to the Fifth Age in which we find them so stedfast in this perswasion that the ancient Creed contained all things necessary to be believed that the Fathers assembled in the Third General Council (h) Can. VII at Ephesus expresly decreed that it should not be lawful for any Man to produce or write or compose 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 any other Faith besides that defined by the Nicene Fathers And that if any durst be so bold as either to compose or offer any other Faith to those that would be converted from Heathenism or Judaism or whatsoever Heresie if they were Bishops or Clergy-men they should be deposed if Lay-men they should be anathematized By which we may learn what would have become of the Pope himself if he had attempted then what his Successors in these latter times have done For so sacredly did they keep to this that S. Cyril of Alexandria (i) Tim. V. pars 2. p. 103. tells Joh. Antiochenus they could not indure that the Faith defined at Nice or the Symbol of Faith there made should by any means be shaken nor do we suffer our selves or others to change one word of what is there or to go besides it so much as in one syllable remembring him that said remove not the ancient Land-marks which thy Fathers have set thee for it was not they that spake but the Spirit it self of God and the Father Which he confirms by the fore-mentioned Letter of Athanasius to Epictetus which some he saith had set forth adulterated and depraved and therefore he transmits it to him sincere and uncorrupted out of ancient Copies And he had the greater reason to say they could not alter one word of it because the Council of Ephesus it self though it decreed against Nestorius that the blessed Virgin was 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 the Mother of God yet they would not add that word to the ancient Creed but thought it sufficient to determine the point against him This Cyril further declares in an Epistle to Acacius (k) Ib. p. 112. where he confutes those who accused him of receiving a new Creed in these words None ever required of us a new Exposition of Faith nor do we admit of any from others 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 c. for the divinely-inspired Scripture sufficeth us and the vigilance of the Ancient Fathers and the Symbol of Faith which is exactly conformed to all right opinions And it is well known that the next General Council at Chalcedon renewed this Canon of the Council of Ephesus Decreeing in the very same words with very little alteration that no Man should produce or write any other Faith nor think or teach otherways under the penalties before-mentioned only with this difference that to Lay-men are added Monks against whom the Synod decreed an Anathema if they presumed to teach any other Faith. In the Sixth Age the same was again repeated in the Fifth General Council at Constantinople under the Emperor Justinian they solemnly professing in their Third Session that they embraced all the Four foregoing General Councils which is renewed in their Eighth Session and all their Decrees confirm'd with a particular defence of the last Council at Chalcedon concluding with the same solemn Decree that none should dare to teach or write any thing contrary to those constitutions but if he were a Bishop or Clergy-man he should be deposed if a Monk