to walk with him he would be careful to please him fearful to offend him ready to obey him would be kept in for God he would not make so many strayings he would minde Gods glory more Thirdly get to hate sin A secret love of sin after all restraints and pauses will draw the soule aside It will like a covered Get to hate sin disease break out againe There are three things in hatred which contribute to uprightnesse 1. It is an inward aversation the very heart is drawen off from an object and the heart is filled with a loathing and a detestation of the evill not the tongue and looks onely but the very inclination of the will is turned aside 2. It is universall for hatred is of the kinde the will in the whole latitude of it is the object of hatred I hate every false way said David Psal 119. 3. It is permanent and durable passion is a storme which will quickly off but hatred is a setled quality arguments allay it not nor doth time remove it what have I to do any more with Idols said Ephraim Hosea 14. 8. They shall defile their coverings and say unto them get thee hence Esa 30. 22. So that if a man could get the hatred of sin he should quickly finde an even uprightnesse The cause why a man is not even in his walking is either because 1. His heart is not bent against sinne but gives a delightful way unto it it doth not resist and loath it but harbours and favours it 2. Some one particular lust winnes and gaines upon the soule though some are unacted yet one speciall lust is retained which hath power to command and rule the life 3. He is carried against sin upon mutable and decaying grounds which being removed the heart then returnes to its proper and naturall bent But now if spiritual hatred of sinne were implanted then the combat twixt sin and the person would be inward the very heart would loath the nature and inclinations of it and it would be universall and constant so that here would arise a generall evennesse in a mans coversation Unevenness though it appear without yet it begins within the heart is the maine wheele of a mans course and therefore if love gets the heart for God and hatred rules the heart against sin you may very well believe that these two will yeeld out a very upright endeavour and course of holinesse In spirituals that which keeps the fountaine doth keep the streame and that which betters the heart doth likwise well order the life 2. For the second which respect the preserving meanes take Directions for preserving it these directions 1. First if you would preserve uprightnesse you must preserve Preserving aâ— holy feare of God an holy feare of God you know the promise I will put my feare into their hearts and they shall not depart from me Jere. 32. Sinning is the only departing from God He never leaves us but for sin our departing is our unevenness and we never leave him but by sinne and our unupright walkings but that now which keeps us from departing is feare The feare of the Lord is a fountaine of life to depart from the snares of death Prov. 24. 27. If a man could alwayes keep an awful and powerfull regard to God that he stood in awe of his attributes and of his word he would keep plaine with God he would not transgresse for a morsel nor thinke that it may be safe for him to sin An Holy feare of God hath these two Properties 1. It puts the soule and actions in Gods presence one saith that God is all eye to see every thing and all eare to heare every thing so doth holy feare represent God as one who is now beholding all that I do and as one who understands my thoughts afar off from whom no not the whisperings of the minde nor the imaginations of my heart nor the closest and most secret actings can be concealed Its stands in awe of this all discovering God how can I do this great wickednesse and sinne against God saide Joseph when there were none but he and his mistresse and his God together Gen. 39. 9. I feare his justice that it will breake out upon me if I should dare to sin and I feare his mercy that it will draw off if I presume to offend Psal 4. 4. Stand in awe and sinne not Psal 119. 161. Princes also have persecuted me without a cause Why this might stirre up strange qualities in David O no but my heart standeth in awe of thy word q. d. I dirst not breake out to sin for all that thy word which I feared kept me in 2. Faith breeds and preserves uprightnesse and evennesse I â—aith preserves uprightnesse remember the Apostles caution Heb. 3. 12. Take heed brethren least their be in any of you an evill heart of unbeliefe in departing from the living God unbeliefe it is the root of all hypocrisie and appostacy that men are but halfe in duties it is because they do not indeed believe the extent of obedience to God and that they keep some private lust it is because they do not indeed believe the truth of Gods justice power wrath But saith causeth evennesse forasmuch 1. As it sets up prevailing arguâ—ents the soul never doubtes in the way but by the strength of false arguments either false pleasures or false profits is forcible with the heart insnares it we step aside alwaies by the cunning of error But faith not only discovers false inducements but also bringes better and stronger motives it knowes and teacheth where the soule will be at a losse and holds it off by the goodnesse and kindnesse and loving favour of God who would venture his comfortable aspect of God and sweet communion with Christ for a morsel of stollen bread or for one draught of unlawful pleasure 2. It constraines the heart to singular love of God and Christ the more faith the more love all true faith is inflaming for it sees and feels much love and therefore kindles much now much love raiseth much evennesse in walking whiles the love is kept up close to God the heart and life ordinarily are kept in an upright motion for all true love is tender and careful and pleasing 3. It purifies the heart Faith is like fire which hath one quality to ascend and another to burne so faith it negotiates for us at heaven and likewise it breeds more intrinsecall renovation of the heart by holinesse faith is the best friend to our graces the surest helpe to our affections the strongest prop to our duties and the sorest enemy to our sinnes No grace doth so much for the heart as faith our assistance for good and our resistance of evil depends most on it we finde experimentally that many sinnes then breake out when we loose the sight of God as long as we can eye God the soule is safe see God in his promises
own Our tongues are our own said they who is Lord over us Psal 12. yea they are said to set their Note mouths against heaven q. d. what tell you us of the Lord of his displeasure or pleasure As for the word which thou hast spoken in the name of the Lord we will not do it said they in Jeremiah 44. A man doth even try it out with God and provokes him to his face and maintaines the devises of his heart against the purity and equity of Gods will 2. In presumptuous sinnings a man knows the thing and way to In them a man knows the thing to be unlawfull be unlawful and therefore the presumptuous sinner is opposed to the ignorant sinner Numb 15. not that every sinning against knowledge absolutely whatsoever is a presumptuous sinning is against knowledge and without grosse ignorance the presumptuous sinner holds a candle in one hand and draws out the sword with the other my meaning is this that he breaks through the light of knowledge discerning the way to be sinful yea and flaming upon his breast working in and checking his conscience notwithstanding all which yet he will presume to offend and proceed in transgressings 'T is true even a good man in many particulars Object may and doth sin not only against habitual but against actual knowledge but this is through infirmity not through Sol. contumacy he approves that light against the sinne and doth not maintaine the sinne against his light yea he yeelds not only by approbation of judgement but also by resolution and desire of will to imitate the light yet through the weaknesse of his power and from the force of an hasty temptation he may fall down even at noon-day but the presumptuous sinner sees light as an enemy and therefore willingly breaks through it to the way of his sinne yea he makes his heart to uphold the sin against the force of his knowledge and drives back the arguments with a resolution that however he will have his sin 3. The presumptuous sinner in that kinde of sinning adventures He adventures against express threatnings against express threaâ—nings thus it stands with a man his heart and Satan incline and egge him to sinne but God and Conscience stand in the way against him as he said of Note the sword to Joab Knowest thou not that it will be bitternesse in the end so God saith to him thou shalt not have peace in this way it is the thing which I hate and abhorre and I have revealed wrath from heaven against it but in presumption the sinning soul steps over the threatning to the committing of the sin that sword of God which may keep back another man yet though God sets the point of it to the breast of a presumptuous sinner it will not stave him off from adventuring therefore the presumptuous sinner is said to blesse himself in his heart though God threatens a curse Deut. 29. this is a truth that a presumptuous sinner is not changed by mercies nor affrighted by threats but as the Leviathan in Job laughs at the shaking of the speare so the heart of a presumptuous sinners puffs at all divine warnings and menaces come said they let it come that we may see him As there is not a love to the goodness of God so there is not a fear of the greatness of God in presumption 4. Presumptuous sins do arise from a false confidence there are two They arise from a false confidence Of the facility of mercy things upon which the presuming sinner doth imbolden himself 1. One is the facility of mercy when a man sets mercy against sinne he doth well because Gods mercies should draw our hearts off from sinne but when a man sets mercy against Justice now he offends yet thus doth the presumtuous sinner perhaps there is not in every presumptuous sinner such a spirit of Atheistical madnesse that he is absolutely carelesse of all that God threatens nor is he so miserably prodigal of his soul that he rejoyceth to have it damned no he may and sometimes doth apprehend threatnings yea so that his heart is caused to demurre it may be a stopping apprehension i. such as may make him study how to pursue his sinne and yet to wave and decline the edge of the sharp threatning and this he doth by opposing mercy to justice 't is true this is a sinne and divine justice will not take it well but I will adventure on it hoping that divine mercy will pacifie the rigor of the threatning I will sin and offend Justice but then I will decline that Court by flying to the Mercy-seat God is of a gentle heart easie to be entreated and will be presently satisfied and appeased Just like a man who will break his bones because he trusts to have them quickly set by a skilful Chirurgion or like a lewd child who adventures to outrages upon the scope and allowance of his fathers good nature This ground of presumption God fully intimates in Deut. 29. 19. when he heareth the words of the curse that he blesse himself in his heart saying I shall have peace though I walk in the imagination of mine heart to adde drunkenness to thirst c. Beloved this is certain that presumption disposeth of mercy beyond all allowance and writes a pardon which God will never allow nor seal it will dare to runne in debt upon a conceit of a discharge and clearing however as if Divine mercy were nothing else but a present untwining of all the knots which we make and a crossing of debts as soon as entred and served for no other end but that men should be bold to sinne and cheerful after the commission of it But verily mercy is more precious then so 2. Another is the self possibility and strength of future repentance Of the self possibility of future repentance he is one of the worst patients in a way of sinning who is confident that he can be his own Physician no soul wounds it self more then that which vainly thinks that it can presently cure them presumption is not alwayes carried upon an absolute hope of mercy but the sinner being more piercingly understanding knows that mercy is a special Charter and such a balme as is spread only upon a returning and humbling soule here it is that this presumptuous person will adventure to sinne upon a confidence that he will notwithstanding all this fashion and polish his soul to a meet capacity of mercy by hereafter repentings and humblings he doth foolishly delude his soul with a fancy of such things which exceed his power There are two things which the sinner cannot assure himself of One is the lengthning of his life for this candle is lighted and put out not according to our desires but according to divine pleasure all life hath its limits from the Lord of life and death he who sinnes to day cannot be assured that he shall live till to morrow Now
only rise but fight a naked combate shall not suffice but assault and pursuit it will work with the art of holy strength to the more deadly offence of that particular corruption Obj. 3. Yet there is a more difficult case then any which Doubt from the renued actings of sinne hath been already proposed and that is renewed actings of the same sinne the person falls into the same sinne again and againe and this repetition of sinful acting seems to be sinne in custome and sinne in custome is sinne in dominion thus is it with me or hath it been with me doth some troubled soul reply and therefore my case is miserable Sol. To which case divers things must be said Answered 1. Repetition or renewing of the same sinful actings is Repetition of sin is very fearful without all doubt a very fearful and abominable thing what is it else but a further and stronger wedging in of the corruption frequent actings of sin do ever strengthen the sinful nature Every soul being made more apt to sin by more sinnings what is it else but a broading and widening of sinne the sin growes bigger in the bulk and higher in the guilt by a continued then by a single commission Now a man sins against that which his own conscience hath condemned as well as the pure word of God Now a man adventures into troubles against all his former trouble he hath felt the sinne to be bitter and knows that it must cost him either Hell into which God may presently cast hiâ— or great sorrow and repentance which God may now judicially deny him Now a man sinnes against all the workings of grace so that God may bring forth all the former acts of the soule and set them against the thus sinning person Look thou here are the wounds which thou didst make heretofore and yet thou strikes into the same again Here are the teares which thou didst shed for this sinning heretofore and yet thou wilt provoke me againe here are the sighs which thy heart did break out here are the fears which did distresse and perplex thy soul here are the prayers which thou didst make for my tender mercies here are the Covenants wherewith thou didst binde thy soul here are the Chapters which thou didst read to support thee here is the place where thou didst power forththy anguished heart in fasting and crying here is that goodnesse and gracious love of mine whereby I did accept of thee upon thy humbling teares into favour againe here is that peace which I did thereupon create and command into thy conscience here is that word which thou didest say should guide and rule thee for the time to come here is that spirit which I sent to raise thee againe And yet after all this thou art at the same sinne againe I might have cast thee off at the first I might have shut up my mercies denied thee recovery avenged my self on thee for thy foul transgressions yet I spared thee though thou didst offend me yet I recovered thee though thou didst provoke me when thou didst very evil even so that thou didst admire at the wickednesse of thy self yet I did thee good shewed thee kindness would not presently forsake thee who didst so foulely forsake me this my free and great grace did then melt thee did then move thee did then excite and stir thee to great sorrow to much care and love And now after all thou hast returned not in inclination but in action into not a little or small transgression but into a grosse and foule iniquity yea â—â—en multitudes of withdrawing arguments did strive against it when the conception of that sinne being with so much secret trouble and fear could not but presage the great dishonour which would redound unto me and the fearful terrour which would befal thee upon the active commission thereof So that beloved without all scruple a doubling of sinne is in it self a more formal intention thereof in its corrupt nature and a more fruitful aggravation of it in guilt and miserable consequence c. Secondly consider that it is such away of sinning as may This way of sinning may justly stagger a man about his condition justly stagger the heart about its condition First in regard of the eminent propriety which it hath in persons who do thus sinne generally though not absolutely and simply three sorts of persons run on in the frequent and manifold actings of great sins viz. Such as are notoriously profane such as are closely hypocritical such as are despitefully opposing the spirit of grace these are they who grow from evil to worse and adde sinne to sinne and make and fill up the measures of their particular iniquities which must needs stagger any soul though perhaps not yet runne on so far as they if yet repeating steps in the same paths which the vilest of sinners have trod in before it Secondly in regard of that dark and rare exemplarity of such kindes of sinning by any in Scripture canonized for Saints or godly persons it is easily admitted that you may espy upon some of the best something of the worst and perhaps thickly heaped upon the same sudden passion and temptation but you shall rarely finde any one of them often at the same foule transgression I say you shall rarely finde it And believe me it will be a staggering case to any sinning heart where its wages are such as to see multitudes of the worst and scarce any one of good note so pacing and walking Nay thirdly untill the soul thus sinning doth bestow infinite Grace is hardly discerned in such a one without much labour labour strong care continued humblings incessant cries to raise it self again in respect of any other evidence it shall hardly or never distinguish the yet secretly remaining the miserably defaced frame of goodnesse within it A soul in this temper is not so much to dispute and question as to rise and work the case of frequenting or renuing the same sinful acts will never be answered in thy conscience but by fullest humblings sound judgings speedy repentings careful watchings and declinings wonderful strengthnings of the contrary grace and acts diligent feare fervent communion with God and more upright walking Yet fourthly though it be a rare case this doubling or renewing Yet this though it be a rare is a possible case of some great sinful act very few good men do it and that too very seldome perhaps as Job spake so they may do once have I spoken yea twice but I will proceed no further Job 40. 5. I say though it be rare yet it is a possible case that sin may have more then one particular victory where yet it hath not dominion I speake not this to hearten any man to sin for this would argue sinne indeed to have dominion but to recover a man that hath sinning whose soul is extreamly bruised with his second fall and whose second wound bleeds
division let something come unto the soule which makes a division sin will quickly lose its dominion It must be something may gaine the affections It must be something that must breed a strife Directions Look up to God and Christ 3. Againe It must be something which may gaine the affections it must be able to winn the heart to dispose of love and hatred for dominion is made or marred by one of them 4. Againe it must be something which may breed a stiffe and couragious resolution that the heart will not serve sin but will go free And hereupon against all inward and outward opposition breakes forth into the use of victorious meanes Now then the directions are these 1. If ever thou wouldest get down the dominion of sin thou must looke up to God and Christ they are able to disanull the covenant with sin and to subdue iniquities Rom. 8. 2. the law of the spirit of life in Christ Jesus hath made me free from the law of sin and death looke as it must be a Rich mercy which pardons so it must be a mighty power which conquers sin why but what is it to the Lord to command thy heart home to himselfe to cast down the high imaginations and strong holds As Jehosaphat spake against those strong armies we know not what to doe yet our eyes are upon thee soe in the sense of thy naturall vileness and sinfull dominion O Lord I am bound I am in bondage I am dead in sins Lord I am unable to escape but thou art able to deliver O deliver my soule for thy mercies sake and subdue mine iniquities and shew forth thy power c who shall deliver me I thanke God through Jesus Christ Rom. 7. 24 25. Secondly because meer power doth not do it but power in a quality working through some quality Therefore beg of Beg the grace of Gods spirit God that he would give thee the grace of his spirit it is true that naked power takes not off the sinfull dominion nor doth the quality alone doe it but both can doe it If God gives a man grace and mightily asists and workes by and through that grace this now will beat downe â—he dominion of sinne The light though it be but a little at first yet asisted by a mighty principle of light shall conquer darknesse pride will have dominion till humility comes in Now then beg of God for grace for his holy spirit for another heart for a new heart and a new spirit Thirdly labour earnestly for faith if two things were done Labour for faith sin could not possibly continue in dominion viz. If Christ did rule in the soule If thy love were drawn off from sin But faith sets up the scepter of Christ it will know no Lord but Christ my Lord and my God said believing Thomas And faith turnes the love to Christ makes Christ the center of the heart O it represents such goodnesse such excellency such propriety such bounty such love in Christ as inflames the heart and knits it with love to Christ again Nay to add to all this faith bestowes the life on Christ too He died for me said faith I judge it therefore most reasonable that I should live to him Now where Christ comes to rule and hath love and life there sinne without all doubt looseth its dominion 4. Lastly take a couragious resolution we are held many times by our lusts through a faintnesse of spirit why we shall Take a couragious resolution never get down these sins and what will people say and we know not what to do Sol. Why up and be doing for what is past the Lord will mercifully pardon all of it if now the yoke be broken and be consident of this if thou art setting against thy sins thou doest that which God likes very well for he hath commanded thee it as a duty and hath set out meanes and promised his helpe and blessing Therefore stand not hovering and hammering were I best shall I shall I yet O no thy life lies upon this or thy death Therefore resolve on it to set against thy sins say this with thy selfe if I suffer sin to rule thus I perish for ever if I get off the dominion I live for ever if I continue in this sinfull estate I must bid God farwell and Christ farwell and heaven and all the comforts of my poor soul farwel I confess I may get a little pleasure by my sins a little profit by my sins but I am not sure to enjoy them one moment and why should I venture eternity of misery for one draught of sinful water If I could get off sins dominion O what a God might I look on plead with sue unto what a Saviour should I get what precious joys what heavenly consolations what peace here what hopes for hereafter well come of it what will though I have been sinful I will not still continue so to God will I come to Christ will I goe I will beseech them to have mercy upon me a sinner and to give me grace and to change my heart I will not serve my base lusts any longer I will never leave praying hearing reading studiing inquiring working till I be delivered from this bondage and translated into the glorious liberty of the sonnes of God Against actuall dominion Wherein actual dominion lies 2. Against Actuall dominion Thus for directions Against the natural dominion of sin Now I proceed to some helpes against actual dominion which is the particular prevalency of a sinne into act Let me premise a proposition or two and then you shall have the special directions themselves 1. Actual Dominion I speak in respect of grosse acts is usually in respect of some particular lusts which works with more strength in the soul then any other lusts Though it be most true that in every man there is an universal root of sinning yet you finde it in experience that the multitudes of sinful inclinations and thoughts and temptations run ordinarily in some peculiar way with most frequency and violence Secondly actual Dominion is ordinarily by such a sin which hath the advantage of a natural complexion and outward condition and occasions and affections upon these doth sinne set the temptation as an Enginer doth place his battery upon such a Simile piece of ground which doth best advantage and further his shot against a City A mans natural temper and complexion doth mightily facilitate his acts and a mans calling or condition of life may accidentally be a forcible perswasion to him to much infidelity and impatience and indirectness And occasions in conversing actively or passively have infinite baits in them and when our affections may run in some lawful measure and manner there sin takes occasion to tempt and prevaile with ease if we look not to it he may quickly be cast down by a sinful temptation who is already prepared thereunto by a sinful faction Therefore if
revealed and known duty to which his very heart doth not strive to obey yea and the ground of all this must be spirituall and not carnal from God and for God Assuredly these things are impossible to an evill man and he who is most good shall confesse it to be most hard to be plaine with God and to walke evenly before him 8. Lastly to be upright is a possible thing a man may attaine to be upright is a possible thing unto it Nay every good man doth attaine unto it Noah was upright and walked with God Abraham was upright before him David kept him from his sin and he did serve the Lord in uprightnesse of heart Hezekiah did so likewise Remember Lord that I have walked before thee in truth and with an upright heart Paul served God in all good conscience willing to live honestly in all things Though no man can say that he doth all that Gods commands require yet he may say he hath respect unto them all and though none can say he hath nothing in him or nothing is done by him which the law of God doth forbid yet he may say I hate every false way and search me O Lord if there be any way of wickednesse within me and this is uprightnesse Ob. But you will say if the case be so how may one know that he is indeed upright Sol. There are many discoveries of it I pray you to observe Discourses of uprightnesse them and try your selves by them let your consciences testify for you before the lord this day 1. If a man be upright he will mostly strive for an inward reformation of his heart There are two things which the upright person doth most look The upright man most strives for the inward reformation at his God and his heart The Hypocrites as our saviour testifies they are for the outside they wash the platters and the cups and beautifie the tombes like an adulteresse whose care is to paint and to set a faire face upon the matter all their care is to the eye of man how to be seen and hard how to be well thought on Now uprightnesse is mostly for the heart and spirit not that an upright person should or doth neglect the wel-ordering his life O no! as to neglect our hearts argues hypocrisie so to neglect our lives argues profanesse But the principle care of uprightnesse is the reformation of the heart though it lookes to the cleansing of the hand yet principally of the heart according to that of the Apostle Jam. 4. 8. Why brethren it well knowes that the heart is it which God looks for and lookes at the heart is it which God delights in if that be right and true he is pleased thou lovest truth in the inward parts Psa 51. the upright in heart are his delight David is full in this concerning his heart Psal 119. 10. with my whole heart have I sought thee v. 11. Thy word have I hid within my heart that I might not sinne against thee incline my heart unto thy testimonies and not unto covetousness Rom. 1. 9. God is my witness whom I serve with my spirit the heart of man is the fountaine of life or death and every thing is strongest in the heart and most dangerous sinne in the heart is worse then in the life i. when a mans heart is set upon his sin now Try your selves in this particular what care have you of your hearts what paines do you take with them you many times have humble looks yea but have you not still proud hearts you have many times contented words yea but have you not still impatient and discontented hearts you have many times heavenly discourse yea but have you not stil earthly and worldly hearts what doe you with them doe you not let your hearts still loose do you not give them way to be filled with wicked contemplations vaine imaginations filthy inclinations with envy malice unbeliefe or do you mourne under these do you strive to cleanse within is it not sufficient that your outward actions look well unlesse your hearts be made better O if this heart were holy If this heart were humble If this heart were heavenly If the heart were believing The hypocrite cares not though the thread be rotten if the colour or glosse be faire but the upright person he is more at substance then shew and hath more to doe with his heart then any thing he would have the law written not upon his tongue but upon his heart cleansed as well as his life beautified 2. If a man be upright then a little holiness will not serve his If a man be upright then a little holinesse will not serve his turne turne he is not contented with some measures but strives after perfection see this clearly delivered by the Apostle in Phil. 3. 12. Not as though I had already attained or were already perfect but I follow after if that I may apprehend that for which also I am apprehended of Jesus Christ v. 13. I count not my self to have apprehended but this one thing I doe forgetting those things which are behind and reaching forth unto those things which are before v. 14. I press then toward the mark for the price of the high calling of God in Christ Jesus v. 15. Let us therefore as many as be perfect be thus minded q. d. If you be upright thus will it be with you you will not be satisfied with small beginnings with received measures but you will reach on for farther conformity to Christ There is a difference twixt desires of holiness for it selfe and God and for our selves and ends An hypocrite could be content to have as much holinesse as would serve his turne his owne turne his owne ends as a tradesmen is willing to be at cost that his apprentice learne to writ and cipher so much and so long as he may be enabled to keep the accounts but he will not be at cost to teach him the excellency of writing or ciphering But now the upright person desires grace and holiness for God that glory may be brought unto him and out of an intrinsecall love of the beauties of holinesse and for the farther rooting out of sin And for the better Inabling to holy services his ends are publike and therefore a little serves not 3. If a man be upright then a man will walke by a right rule an upright man walks by an upright rule he orders his conversation and wayes according to the word of God A right ordering of all our actions by a right rule in a right way by right persons out of right principles for right ends this is uprightnesse 3. A person may know whither he be upright or no by the An upright person hath a conformable disposition of heart about all sins conscionable disposition of his heart about all sinnes Dâ—vid speaking of such who were undefiled Psal 119. 1. And sought the Lord with their
if he should take the brightest candle to search all the records of his soul yet many of them would escape his notice And indeed this is a great part of our misery that we cannot understand all our debts we can easily see too many yet many more lie as it were dead and out of sight To sin is one great misery and then to forget our sins is a misery too If in repentance we could set the battel in array point to every individual sin in the true and particular times of acting and re-acting O how would our hearts be more broken with shame and sorrow and how would we adore the richnesse of the treasure of mercy which must have a multitude in it to pardon the multitude of our infinite errors and sinnes But this is the comfort though we cannot understand every particular sin or time of sinning yet if we be not idle to search and cast over the books and if we be heartily grieved for those sins which we have found out and can by true repentance turn from them unto God and by faith unto the blood of Jesus Christ I say that God who knowes our sins better then we know them and who understands the true intentions and dispositions of the heart that if it did see the unknown sins it would be answerably carried against them He will for his own mercy sake forgive them and he too will not remember them Nevertheless though David saith who can understand his errors as the Prophet Jeremiah spake also The heart of man is desperately wicked who can know it yet must we bestir our selves at heaven to get more and more heavenly light to finde out more and more of our sinnings So the Lord can search the heart And though we shall never be able to finde out all our sins which we have committed yet it is possible and beneficial for us to finde out yet more sins then yet we do know And you shall find these in your own experience that as soon as ever grace entred your hearts you saw sin in another way then ever you saw it before yea and the more grace hath traversed and increased in the soul the more full discoveries hath it made of sinnes It hath shewn new sins as it were new sins not for their being not as if they were not in the heart and life before but for their evidence and our apprehension and feeling we do now see such wages and such inclinations to be sinful which we did not think to be so before As physick brings those humours which had their Simile residence before now more to the sense of the Patient or as the Sun makes open the motes of dust which were in the roome before so doth the light of the word discover more corruption But I passe by that point of the impossibility of a full apprehension of all sinnes committed ignorantly and inconsiderately I now proceed from Davids complaint to Davids request Davids request and here I shall speak of his first Request viz. Cleanse thou me from secrets or secret sins Saint Austin upon the words Ab occultis meis munda me domine expresseth it thus A cupiditatibus in me latentibus munda noe i. from those concupiscences which lie so hid and so close and so private within me O Lord cleanse thou me And in his second exposition of this Psalm for he expounded the Psalm twise Tolle-ex corde maelam cogitationem i. O Lord take out of my very heart even the sinful thoughts I will name the Proposition and then we may perhaps open things more fully CHAP. I. Doct. IT is the desire of an holy person to be cleansed not only from publick but also from private and secret It is the desire of a holy person to be cleansed from secret faults sinnes Rom. 7. 24. O wretched man saith Paul who shall deliver me Why O blessed Apostle what is it that holds thee what is it that molests thee thy life thou sayest was unblamable before thy conversion and since thy conversion Phil 3. Thou hast exercised thy self to have a conscience void of offence toward God and toward men Acts 24. 16. And yet thou criest out O wretched man and yet thou complainest who shall deliver me Verily brethren it was not sin abroad but at home it was not sin without but at this time sin within it was not Pauls sinning with man but Pauls sinning within Paul O that Law of his members warring secretly within him against the Law of his minde This this made that holy man so to cry out so to complaine As Rebekah was weary of her life not as we read for any forraine disquietments but because of domestique troubles the daughters of Heth within the house made her weary of her life so the private and secret birth of corruption within Paul the workings of that that was the cause of his trouble that was the ground of his exclamation and desires who shall deliver me I remember that the same Paul adviseth the Ephesians as to put of the former Conversation so to put on the renewed spirit of the minde Ephes 4. 22 23. intimating that there are sinnes which are lurking within as well as sins walking without and that true Christians must not only sweep the doore but wash the Chamber my meaning is not onely come off from sins which lie open in the Conversation but also labour to be cleansed from sinnes and sinning which remaine secret and hidden in the Spirit and inward disposition Now for the beneficial discovery of this assertion let us enquire four things 1. In what respects sins are called secret 2. What it is to be cleansed 3. Why we are to desire a cleansing from them 4. What of all this to us SECT I. 1. IN what respect sinnes are called secret for the resolution In what respect sins are called secret of this know that sinne hath a double reference Either to God and so really no sin nor manner of sinning Not to God is secret Can any hide himself in secret places that I shall not see him saith the Lord do not I fill heaven and earth saith the Lord Jer. 23. 24. it is true that wicked men with an Atheistical folly imagine to hide themselves and their sinful wayes from God they seek deep to hide their Councel from the Lord and their works are in the dark and they say who seeth us and who knoweth us Isa 29. 15. But really it is not so though the cloud may somewhat eclipse the light of the Sun and though the dark night may shut it forth altogether yet there stands no cloud nor curtain nor moment of darknesse or secrecy 'twixt the eyes of God and the wayes of man The wayes of a man are before the eyes of the Lord and he pondereth all his goings Prov. 5. 21. He speakes principally there of the wayes of the adulterer which usually are plotted with the most cunning secrecy yet God
seeth all those wayes so Heb. 4. 13. There is not any Creature that is not manifest in his sight but all things are naked and opened Anatomized even to the eyes of him with whom we have to doe Not a creature not a thing not any thing of any creature but it is naked it is without all figge leaves it is uncased of his colours and pretences ye it is opened as it were unbowelled cut into distinct pieces the very inside of it turned out to the eyes of God Oâ— to man and thus indeed comes in the division of sin into But to man 1. open and 2. secret Now in this respect sin may be Termed secret diveâ—sly 1. In respect of the person sinning when his very sinning is formally considered hidden from himselfe â— he doth a In respect of the person sining thing which is really sinful but to him it is not Apprehensively so what outrages did Paul breath out against the Church in times of his Ignorace which he did not know to be acts of sin but thought to be motions of a warrantable zeal In this sense all the obliquities which may be fastned at least upon Invincible Ignorâ—nce may be stiâ—ed secret sinners 2. In râ—spect of the manner of sining and thus sins may be Termed In respect of the manner of sining secret Either 1. When they are coloured and disguised though they doe flye abroad get not under that name but apparelied with When coloured and disguised some semblances of vertues Cyprian complaines of such tricks in his second Epistle which is to Donatus 2. When they are kept off from the stage of the world they When kept off from the eye of the world are like fire in the Chimney though you do not see it yet it barnes so many a person like those in Ezekiel Commit abominations in secret i so as the Publicke eye is not upon them He is sinful and acts it with the greatest vileness All the difference twixt another sinner and him is this that he is and the other saith he is a sinner just as twixt a book shut and a booke opened that which is shut hath the same lines and words but the other being opened every man may see and read them 3. When they are kept not only from a publicke Eye But from any mortall Eye i. The carnall Eye of him who Commits When kept from the eye of him that commits it the sinnes sees them not He doth indeed see them with the eye of Conscience but not with an eye of naturall sense even those persons with whom he doth converse and who highly commend the frame of his wayes cannot yet see the secret discoursings and actings of sin in his minde and heart for Brethren all the actings of sin are not without they are not visible but there are some yea the most dangerous actings within the soule where corruption lies as a fountaine and root The Heart of man is A scheme of wickedness nay a man saith that in his heart which he dares not speak with his tongue and his thought will do that which his hands dare not to execute well then sin may be called secret when it is sin and acted as sin even there where none but God and Conscience can see me thinks sin is like a Candle in a Lauterne where the shining is first within and then bursting out at the windows or like Boyls and ulcerous Humors which are scabbes and scurvy stuffe first within the skin and afterwards they breake out to the veiw on the outside so it is with sin it is a malignant Humor and a fretting leprosie diffusing it selfe into several secret acts and workings within the minde and then it breaks abroad and dares adventure the practise of it selfe to the eye of the world and be it that it may never see the light that it may be like a Child born and buried in the wombe yet as that Child is a man a true man there clossetted in that hidden frame of nature so sin is truely sin though it never it gets out beyond the wombe which did conceive and enliven it Now whether David doth speak of secret sins in opposition to the eyes of men or to his own sensible eye i. such as currupt Nature did commit within his own heart or whether he intends it of both it may be much disputed for my part I conjecture that it may be understood both of such which he might commit in private so the words respect the actings of sin in secret also which his own heart thoughts might commit within themselves and so the words respect the secret actings of sin though Principally they may be most fitly Expounded in this latter sense But what were those secret sins from which David desired to be cleansed Nay that is a secret he doth not Instance in any one because his desire is to be freed from Every one he speaks Indefinitly He found many secret inclinations without all doubt in several kindes of sinne now in one now in another from all of which not some onely he desires to be Cleansed SECT II. 2. BUt what is that to be Cleansed There be two Expositions of it 1. One is that he desires to be justified to be pardoned those What it is to be cleansed sins and so the Hebrew word 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 doth import in the second conjugation immunem aliquem facere a Culpa vel a poena And indeed the blood of Christ which justifies is a Cleansing To be justified thing it wipes off the guilt Now if this be it Then thus much is evident that secret thoughts and inclinations may be sinful and are damnable or else they were not pardonable 2. Another is that he desires more to be sanctified and that his To be more sanctified Nature might be more changed not only that outward sinnings might be abandoned but even inward actings or motions might be subdued And observe he doth desire to be Cleansed he doth not desire to be dipped only into the water or sprinkled he doth not desire only to be a little rinsed but he desires to be washed so 3. Things Implyed in this desire long untill he be cleansed untill his soule be made cleane and pure and free from those secret sinfulnesses Where observe by the way three things First he who hath received True Grace needs more grace our lives need to be still reformed and our hearts stil to be cleansed Hee who hath received true grace needs more grace the soul is such a vessel as continually is gathering in and sending out what is corrupt and evill It is like a fountaine which you need still be laving of it out 2. Againe the progresse and perfection of cleansing the soule appertaines The Progresse of cleansing the soule belonge to God as well as the beginning to God as well as the beginning The physician must goe through with his
affections love and liking set sin upon its throne They are the Armes royall of a sinne now of the two men are more apt to like and love secret then open sinnings 3. It lies in the confidence of Commission Now a man doth take more heart and boldnesse and courage to commit secret sins then open 4. It lies in the iteration and frequency of acting for sinne often repeated acted is like a cable doubled in strength by the manifold twistings but secret sins are more frequently iterated an uncleane heart can keep a whore in his thoughts every day and moment who perhaps is afraid to be seen at the door of her house once a yeare a proud person can disdaine another in his heart all the week who yet will not shew it once a month so for the malicious c. 4. The principle object of Gods eye is the inward and secret The principle object of Gods eye is the secret frame of the soule frame of the soule therefore labour to be cleansed from secret sins Psa 66. 18. If I regard iniquity in my heart the Lord will not heare me Psa 51. 6. Behold thou desirest Truth in the inward parts Therefore is he often said in scripture to search the heart the reines which intimates this special observation of the secret frame it is true that God doth give in charge against open sins why because he would not have any to be profane and so he doth give singular charge against secret sins why because he cannot endure any to be hypocritical the man is most in al to God what his inside is if ye work wickedness in your heart God will destroy you plaister your visible part with all sorts of pious expressions if yet you can set up a form of sinning within you are notable Hypocrites the Lord seeth you to be false and rotten and he will discharge himselfe of you Treason is as bad as Rebellion Rebellion is but open Treason and Treason is but secret Rebellion the King will exact life justly for either so will God for the secret sinnings as well as for The spirit of God is grieved by secret sins the open The spirit of God is greived by secret sins as well as dishonored by open sinnings SECT IIII. Use NOw I come to the Applications of this point Is it the desire of an holy heart to be cleansed not only from publike but also from private sinnes not only from grosse and visible but also from secret and invisible sins then these things will follow For Information from hence as informations 1. That true holinesse hath a repugnancy and contrariety to all sins It is not contrary to sin because it is open and manifest True holinesse hath a contrariety to all sin nor to sin because it is private and secret but to sin as sin whether publike or whether private because both the one the other is contrary to Gods wil glory as it is with true light though it be but a beame yet it is universally opposite to all darknesse or as it is with heat though there be but one degree of it yet it is opposite to all cold so if the holinesse be true and reall it cannot comply with any known sin you can never reconcile them in the affection they may have an unwilling consistence in the person but you can never make them to agree in the affection Beloved there is a marvellous difference twixt things which are at difference by a respective and accidentall repugnancy and by a naturall and pure contrariety in the former there may be an accord but in the latter none an Hypocriticall heart may fall out with its sin for the consequence of it for the shame it brings for the stinging guilt which it causeth in the conscience yet his heart hath in absolute termes an inward Cohesion and league with that sin but now true holiness sin are opposite with a natural contrariety therefore you can never reconcile them in the heart but the opposition is inward as well as outward to sin wheresoever it is That sanctifycation is Imperfect in this life 2. That sanctification is not perfect in this life he who hath most grace hath yet some sin Else why doth David an holy person desire to be cleansed he who needs to pray that he may be cleansed cannot yet totally say my heart is Cleane There is a perfection of Integrity which an holy heart hath standing in opposition to Hypocrisie and essentiall defectivenesse but there is not a Perfection of eminency which consists in an opposition to all want Grace whiles in your hearts living on the earth is as health rising in a sick body or like heat getting into the water or like light spreading it selfe more and more to chase away darknesse there is yet more of sin to be conquered and we have lesse grace then we should have and where any part or degree of sin is yet as an enemy being and rising there grace though it may be sound and saving yet is it not absolute and perfect 3. Here you may understand the grounds and reasons of the That secret corruptions are the Christians trouble many troubles and heavy complaints of Christians It is true that they may faile many times in their words and speeches and he is a very perfect man who doth not trespasse therein and they may be overtaken with explicit sinnings no holy person will professe himselfe to be an Angell but he hath many outward sins to bewaile as he hath many inward graces to bless God for yet the load of his soule is within his soule commissions doe justly humble him but the secret inclinations of sinne they doe even burst his heart asunder Why looke ye so sad say we oftentimes to good people and why are yea so cast down what is it which troubles you you have a good God and a good Christ and a good Gospel yea I have but withall I have yet a bad heart in despite of all my conflictings and and strivings and prayings I am yet so molested with sinful imaginations with sinful inclinations If I do not performe duty with any life I am troubled for my dulness if I doe it with any life I am troubled with pride If I do not pray I cannot bear the guilt of a willing omission if I doe pray I am even torne from my self and the crowd of other thoughts do justle out the apprehension and affection of my praying Another Châ—istian he complaines bitterly of secret blasphemies Atheistical risings Another with private murmurings discontents unbeleivings though you hear no such words and see no such carriages O wrethed man that I am said Paul and verily so great are the Insolences of secret corruptions that the Christian is oftimes weary of his life Beloved the maine battle of a Christian is not in the open field his quarrels are most within and his enemies are in his own breast when
he hath reformed an ill life yet it shall cost him infinitely much more to reform an ill heart he may receive so much power from grace at the beginning as in a short time to draw off from most of the former grosse acts of sinnings but it will be a work of all his dayes to get a through conquest of secret Corruptions 4. Then all the works of a Christian is not abroad if there be All the works of a Christian is not abroad secret sins to be cleansed There are two sorts of duties Some are direct which are working duties they are the colours of grace in the countenance and view of the Conversation setting it forth with all holy evennesse and fruitfulness and unblamablenesse Some are reflexive which are searching duties they appertain to the inward roomes to the beautifying of them and reforming of them for not only the life but the heart also is the subject of our care and study I am not only to labour that I do no evil but a so that I be not evil not only that sinne do not distain my paths but also that it doth not defile my intentions not only that my cloaths be handsome but also that my skin be white i. my inward parts be as acceptable to God as my outward frame is plausible with man yea let me tell you one thing that he is an hypocrite who takes care to wash the outside only forasmuch as the greatest solicitude for the life may be without any reformation of the heart not that the life must not be squared but if that be varnished and the heart neglected the person hath not only the same natural and lively frame of sinfulness but he deceives himself or at least another with a meere pretence and shadow therefore brethren let us have eyes to look inward as well as outward God hath given us a reflexive faculty and besides that know 1. That Prima pars the first part of our work is to set upon the inward part how vain is it to wash the brackish streames which are yet fed by a soure fountaine and verily the conversation will be ever and and anon unequal and unlike it self if the heart remaines unpurged and unchanged corruption which hath often entertained your secret thoughts will at length present these births to your very eye 2. That Maxima pars the greater part of your work is within It is true an ill tongue a lustful eye a stealing hand they may challenge much prayer care and observance watchfulnesse to reforme them but a beam of light is small to the vast body of light in the Sun and the dribling rivers are with more ease turned and dried up then the deep ocean sin within is sin in the fountain and sin in the visible parts is sin in the streames yea and as every thing is strongest in its cause and therefore sin is highest in the heart for the strength and vigour of temptations is at the inward part of man Satan doth not stir a naked eye but a filthy heart to look through that sinful window he doth not come to the hand and say steale but first to the heart which will quickly command the hand he doth not say immediately to the tongue swear and blaspheme but the heart which can easily command that Hellish language into the tongue If thou shouldest pluck out thine eyes and never see any object to excite thy uncleane heart yet mayest thou be as filthy a person thine own corrupt heart and Satan would alone incline thee and though thou hadest never a foot to go nor hand to stir yet mightest thou be as very a thief as Judas thy heart might rob every passenger and steale from every house thou comest in objects are but accidental things to man they have no necessary impressive influences they do but deliver themselves in that nature wherewith God hath cloathed them but that which invenoms them and makes them to work so wickedly is mans wicked heart you have many persons who complain much against objects O they can see none or deal with none but wickednesse is stirring Why beloved the objects are innocent but our hearts are unclean and sinful if thou couldest get another heart thou wouldest look with another eye the onely way to make temptations lose their force is to decline occasions and to cleanse the inward parts SECT V. Use 2. Tryal ANother Use which I would make of this is to try our selves We should try our selves because So many wallow in secret sins what care we have of secret sins I will give unto you some Reasons why I would have you to try your selves in this 1. Because there be many persons who wallow in secret sinnes The Apostle complained of such in his time Ephes 5. 12. It is a shame to speak of those things which are done to them in secret he speaks of such as lived in secret fornications and uncleanness Brethren how many are there who do apparel themselves even with a form of godlinesse who yet not only allow themselves in the secret thoughts of abhorred wickednesses but even in the secret actings of the same as if there were no God to look on them nor conscience to espy them nor judgement day to arraigne them O how infinitely odious must thou be in the eyes of that holy God who dares to Court him in the publick and yet dares to provoke him to his face thus in private like a whorish strumpet who dissembles marveilous affections to her husband abroad and yet at home she will violate the Covenant of her God before her husbands eyes So thou to pretend so much for God before company and yet in private thou wilt presume to sin before his face for he seeth thee and that thy conscience knows right well There be at the least three horrible sins which now thou doest commit at once First that very sin which thou wouldest so conceale And perhaps it may be a sin of the deepest dye Yea mark this that usually the most damnable sins are such which are committed in secret as Sodomes adulteries and such fearful kinds of pollutions and murders and treasons c. Secondly Hypocrisie which is a screen to thy sinne an holy cover for an unholy heart and practice which makes the sinner by how much the more vile in Gods eyes by how much the more that he doth not only sin against God but wrests as it were something from God to cover and palliate his rebellion against him A third is Atheisme if there be not formal Atheisme yet there is a virtual Atheism as if God were no God in secret but only in publick that he could see in the light and not in the darkness that his eye is as the eye of a man only whereas he The principle of sinning is secret and common to every man is an universal eye and is a light without all darkness 2. The principle of sinning is secret and common to
every man The motions of sinning are not like the motions of a bowle which runs only by the vertue of an imprinted strength they are not violent motions whose cause is only extrinsecal but they are natural motions whose principle is within the subject out of the heart saith Christ proceed evil thoughts adulteries fornications murders thefts covetousnesse malice deceit lasciviousnesse an evil eye blasphemy pride foolishnesse all these evil things come from within and defile the man Mark 7. 21 22 23. the nature which tempts thee that nature is in thee it is the womb of many and infinite sinful corruptions and imaginations it casts out wickedness as the fountain casts forth water so the Prophet Jer. 5. 7. it is very true that outward occasions and Satan by his suggestions may assist and quicken original corruption as the bellows may enflame the fire yet the fire hath heat and an aptness naturally to burne So original corruption though it may grow monstrously active by temptations from abroad yet it can and doth incline us and can beget private actings of horrible sinnes from its own native strength it can send out several forms of sinning and incline us to contemplate upon them yea to contrive the singular methods of transgression yea it can feed the soul with wonderful delights in them so that in the eye of God the sinnings are formed and fashioned and ripened with most of odious perfections There is an high depth of hypocrisie in the the souls of men There is a depth of hypocrisie in every man whose proper work is to have a secret way contrary to an open profession as a player who takes on him to act the part of a King yet in his private and absolute way he may be a person of most ignoble birth and unworthy qualities so it is with Divines distinguish of three sorts of hypocrisie the hypocrite 1. One is natural and hath footing in every man even the most upright heart hath in it some hypocrisie and he doth sometimes seem to be that which he is not he may be sometimes more full in his profession then he is indeed in his actions 2. Another is foule and grosse which is when a mans heart is not at all what it seemes to be unto the world Christ compares persons guilty of it to whited Sepulchres which within are full of dead and rotten bones as when a man shall profess he loves God and Christ and his wayes and yet secretly contemns and hates holiness and resists the motions of Gods spirit and is at defiance with all the heavenly rules of life and powerful obedience 3. A third is formal when a man not only deceives others with a shew of what is not in him but also cozens and cheates his own heart with a false perswasion of his own happiness partly from some specials which he findes in himself above others and partly from the pride of his own spirit joyned with an affectation of happinesse yet all this while his heart keeps an haunt of some private lust and ungodliness there is som sweet morsel under his tongue from which he will not part 4. Outward occasions can encline to secret sinnings Beloved Outward occasions can incline to secret sinnings there lies a snare almost against us in all society we have such vile natures that as a spark of fire will easily kindle a box of tinder so but a word spoken doth many times kindle a world of passion of malice of revenge within us yea the misplacing of a look begets in us secret disdaine and discontent yea the casting of an eye may inflame the heart with excess of lust need we not then putting all these things together to search our inward frame to see what care we have about and against secret sinnings but you will say how may a man know whether he doth or no desire truly to be cleansed How a man may know he doth desire to be cleansed from secret sins Negative trials from secret sinnes I will give unto you some observations for this 1. Negatively then 2. Positively 1. The Negative discoveries i. those by which a man may know that he doth not desire to be cleansed from secret sins are these 1. When the principal restraint of his sinnings is terminated When the principal re-restraint of sin is terminated only in man only in man Beloved really our conversing is either with God or with our selves oâ— with men and answerable to these there are three several reasons of forbearing sin either because of God whose will and holinesse is injured or else because of our conscience because our secret quiet and ease shall be interupted or else because if we should adventuâ—e to sin we should hazard our estimations and estates and safeties and incur ignominy blame shame punishment and loss with men Now mark it when respect to man is the only reason why I forbear sin I am all this while loose and unconscionable in the inward frame all my care is taken up about those actions and carriages which fall under the eye and judgement of man and none but the visible and open actings of sinne break out that way If I forbear sin for mans sake that men may esteeme well of me and not censure or punish me I therefore so far restraine sin as it may not be visible but I do not strive against it because it is sinful I say not because the thing is sinful before God but only because it is culpable before man now try your selves in this what is the restraint of your sinning suppose all men in the world were in a dead sleep suppose that no eye did see thee suppose that no tongue of humane justice would call thee to account would not thy heart then with full sail spread out it self wouldst thou not now like the lions in the night wander about for thy preys would not thy heart turn out it self let go it self drive out its secret inclinations wouldst thou not do that in any place which now thou committest in secret corners 2. When the hindrances of secret sinnings are a burden they are crosses A man doth not desire to go out of the way of When the hindrances of secret sins are burdens his delight he is not weary of his affection for delight is endlesse and unsatisfied though the body may be wearied yet the affection of delight is never wearied now brethren a man may know his delights by his crosses if I attain not that which I respect not I am not moved but if my spirit rise and swell and rage or if I grieve and complain and am sad because of an impediment of something which hath clapt in it self 'twixt me and my desires this shews that I had a delight in it that I would faine have had it Now let me apply this to our business in hand God doth many times hinder the sinner he doth step in by his providence and prevents him
endeavoured to be rectified squared beautified and ordered that the great and holy God may take delight and proclaime his gracious testimony of the same hear that of the Apostle 2 Cor. 10. 18. Not he that commendeth himself is approved but whom the Lord commendeth in the former respect is that phrase of Paul Rom. 16. 18. approved of men in the latter respect is that phrase of Paul Rom. 16. 10. approved in Christ and of Peter Acts 2. 22. A man approved of God Now verily no man can sincerely desire to approve himself unto God i. to put himself over unto Gods sentence of tryal and decision so that he might find an acceptance from his eyes but he doth indeed desire to be cleansed from secret sinnes why because Gods sentence is righteous and according to truth he doth not weigh so much the actions as the spirits of men not so much the outward expressions as the inward dispositions not so much what they do as what they would do not so much that they do not as this that they would do no iniquity I remember that David is upon this very straine in Psal 139. 23. Search me O Lord and know my heart and know my thoughts v. 24. And so if there be any wicked way in me Here he puts himself intirely upon God to try him to search him to see whether his heart be such as he should like and approve Paul is in the same straine 1 Cor. 4. 3. with me it is a very small thing that I should be judged of you i. whether you approve of me or not accept of me or condemn me I tell you this is not the main thing that I look on v. 4. But he that judgeth me is the Lord i. there is another Judge a greater Judge a better Judge one who can canvase the secret and inward parts as well as eye the meere visible acts and motions to him do I look to him do I desire to approve my self 3. Observe where doest thou lay the sharpest edge of the axe Where dost thou lay the sharpest edge of the Axe the axe said Matthew in another case is now laid to the root of the tree sinne is like a tree it hath root and branches that which we see of the tree is the bulk and branches that which is the life of the tree we see not it is the root which is moored in the bowels of the earth Now as a man may deal with a tree so he may deal with his sinnes the axe may be employed only to lop off the branches which yet all live in the root and he may apply his axe to the very root to the cutting of it up and so he brings an universal death to the tree So it is possible for a man to bestow all his pains to lop off sinne onely in the visible branches in the outward limbes of it and it is also possible for a man to be crucifying the secret lust the very corrupt nature and root of sinfulness Now this I say he who bestows his study his prayers his tears his cares his watchings his strength to mortifie corruption in the root in the nature in the cause how unquestionable is it that he doth desire to be cleansed from secret sins Suppose a man hath an ulcerous part undiscovered in his breast if he applieth such physick which will carry away the spring of that ulcer it is a palpable signe he doth desire to be cleared from the secret ulcer it self so it is in this case Beloved we distinguish 'twixt these two things viz. 1. The restraining of sin 2. The weakening of sin A man whose sinnes may crawle in him like the worms in a dead body which may feed upon his most exquisite contemplations and dearest affections with fullest and sweetest contentment may yet curb and restraine the habits or sinfull propensions from breaking out into act The vigor of a natural and enlightned conscience and the ingenuity of a more nobly bred disposition and the force of particular aimes and ends may be able to rein up and bridle in thee Actus imperatos as the School-men speak the notable or visible deliveries or actings of sin But that which weakens sin is grace that which purgeth out the sin is alwayes contrary to it Again we observe a difference 'twixt these two viz. to have sinne and the heart asunder and to have sinne and the shame or the bitternesse asunder this latter a Pharaoh an Ahab may desire but the former only that man who is truly holy and would be cleansed from secret sins 4. And this now leads me to a fourth discovery of a person Doest thou strongly desire io have another nature who desires to be cleansed from secret sins viz. he who strongly desires to have another nature another heart Another nature or heart is a heart replenished with most holy qualities which stand in a present opposition to that of sin and which in time will get the victory over it Suppose a man be apt to much unbelief secret mistrusts and distrusts how know I that he would be cleansed from them not only by this that he complaines but also that he is day and night with God for the grace of faith and the strength of his Spirit to believe And indeed it is the contrary grace which doth cleanse from sinne secret grace which cleanseth from secret sinnes forasmuch as the inward clensing is not by outward medicines but by a compleated principle both in nature and operation striving against the nature and operations of sin as the Apostle eligantly shadows it in Gal. 5. Psal 51. Create in me a new heart said David the new heart is a new frame and temper to fil the soul with other inclinations and thoughts and the life with other wayes and actions SECT VI. Use 3 I Now proceed to a third Use which shall be for Comfort For comfort to such as have such desires to such persons whose desires are really carried to be cleansed from secret sins as well as publick and visible they may comfort themselves in many things For 1. That their praise is of God and he doth commend them Their praise is of God see the Apostle Rom. 2. 28. He is not a Jew which is one outwardly neither is that circumcision which is outward in the flesh verse 29. But he is a Jew which is one inwardly and circumcision is that of the heart in the spirit not in the letter whose praise is not of men but of God Now what a comfort is this that thou art a person whom the Lord will take notice of yea whom the Lord himself will praise and commend to say of thee as of David I have found a man after mine own heart and and that thy heart is perfect with the Lord. 2. That conscience in a day of distresse will acquit and clear Conscience will acquit them in a day of distress them Beloved there are two sorts
meer Restraints In the fulness of duration hold in the nature no longer then the things remain by vertue of which the mind was restrained Let the fear of death expire put aside the edge of the Law be sure that shame shall not follow and the only restrained sinner breaks open school so that he goes to the sin But holdings back by renewed grace are cohibitions of the heart upon permanent grounds viz. the perpetual contrariety twixt God and sin twixt sin and his Will and Holiness and Goodness and Honour 7. They differ in this That the heart of a man only restrained In Restraints men grow worse when at liberty doth being at liberty like waters held up pour forth it self more violently and greedily as if it would pay use for foâ—bearnace it abounds in the sin and makes a more fully wicked recompence for the former restrictions But where the soul is kept back by renewing grace iâ— doth not multiply sin Not so in renewingâ— because of less practise now but is labouring a fuller diminution of sin because of too much practise heretofore 8. They differ thus An evil man is kept back as a prisoner Restraints are an evil mans force and cross a good mans desire and joy by force against his Will But a good man is kept back as a Petitioner it is his hearts desire O that my wayes were so directed that I might keep thy statutes order my steps in thy Word and let not any iniquity have dominion over me Keep back thy servant from presumptuous sins It is an evils man cross to be restrained and a good mans joy to be kept back from sin when sin puts forth it self the evil man is putting forth his hand to the sin but when sin puts forth it self the good man is putting forth his hand to heaven if he finds his heart yielding out he cries O keep back thy servant An evil man is kept back from sin as a friend from a friend as a lover from his lover with knit affections and projects of meeting but a good man is kept back from sin as a man from his deadly enemy whose presence he hates and with desires of his ruine and destruction It is the good mans misery that he hath yet an heart to be more tamed and mastered It is an evil mans vexation and discontent that still or at any time he is held in by cordor bridle And thus you see what David aims at in desiring to be kept back from presumptuous sins viz. not a meer suspension but a mortification not a not-acting only but a subduing of the inclination not for a time but for ever Nevertheless methinks there may he something more added for the opening of this point Keep back thy servant from presumptuons sins Take what I conceive briefly thus God keeps back his God keeps back his servants from sinne By preventing grace servants from sin 1. By preventing Grace which is by infusing such a nature which is like a Bias into the Boul drawing it aside another way so that holy nature which God confers on his servants doth secretly draw off the soul from the consent appetition and practise of sin propounded to the soul 2. By assisting Grace which is a further strength superadded By assisting grace to that first implanred nature of holiness like an hand upon a Child holding him in This Divines call a Co-operating Grace which is an excess of divine strength to that strength which God hath formerly imprinted in preventing grace which whether it be an inlargement of habitual grace in the natural measure of it as when health is made to rise to a greater degree of strength or whether it be an efficacious motion of Gods Spirit powerfully strengthning the inherent Grace to the acts of aversation and resistance of sin and temptation It is I confess an acute and disputable inquiry yet whether the one or whether the other the soul is by either more confirmed and established and upheld and kept from sin 3. By quickning Grace which is when God doth inliven By quickning grace our graces to manifest themselves in actual oppositions so that the soul shall not yield but keep off from entertaining the sin As when in the motions of sin he inflames the heart with an apprehension of his own love in Christ and then excites our love exceedingly unto himself again whereby the heart is made marvelously averse and to detest any closure with this sin by which so ample and gracious a love should be wronged and abused or as when in the temptations to sin he excites that affection of holy fear which works that filial and awful regard to a great God and a good Father that the soul is brought into Josephs temper how can I do this great evil and sinne against God 4. By directing grace which is when God confers that effectual By directing grace wisdome to the minde tendernesse to the conscience watchfulnesse to the heart that his servants become greatly solicitous of his honour scrupulously jealous of their own strength and justly regardful of the honour of their holy profession And therefore they decline all occasions of the sinne which may over-lay their own strength and dailies not with the temptations or with the first motions But as they are in fear of themselves so they are in defiance not only with apparent sins but also with the appearances of them and shun not only the sins but the inlets and preparations to the sinnes and verily he shall be much kept from the secrecy of sin as a King who is wise to keep off Parle with the Ambassadors of sin I mean occasions which do negotiate with the soul and prepare it to lose its own strength 5. By doing grace which is when God effectually enclines By doing grace the heart of his servants to the places and wayes of their refuge safeties and preservations from sin By enlarging the spirit of supplication which carries the soul to its strength prayer engageth God and this we finde that the praying Christian is more kept from sin then the disputing Christian for though sinne be stronger then reason yet God is stronger then sin by framing the heart to the reverent and affectionate use of his Ordinances A man many times comes to the word a combitant but is sent away a Conqueror comes hither as a pursued man by sin and Satan but here God gives him a safeguard a protection and sends him away armed with more holy resolutions courage and defiance by strengthning his graces by assuring his love and strength by making the sinne more vile and odious SECT III. Quest 3. NOW I proceed to the third question What causes or Why David prayes to be kept from presumptuous sins reasons there should be which might move David to put up this prayer Keep back thy servant from presumptuous sinnes Sol. Reasons thereof are many I will touch them though under a few
for presumption is usually confident of Note longer life and therefore imboldens it self to stronger sins a foolish error and vain for were it true that in a natural probability thou mightest yet live long yet in a judicial course this is most true that great sinnings shorten the life the thief goes to the Gallows in his youth because of his theft and the sinner is suddenly laid in his grave by reason of his sinnings And then â—wo unto thee better that thou hadst never been born if thou lives and dies in thy sins to the Judgement-seat of God must thou be brought with sin in thy bones and presumptuous iniquity in thy heart thou who now darest to out-face the Ministers of God shall not then dare to look the holy and just and terrible God in the face but he will fill thy breast with confusion and all the veins of thy soul with flames of hottest vengeance and indignation Eightly Get knowledge sanctified Knowledg is like a sword it Get knowledge sanctified may defend a man and it may hurt a man it may both arm him and kil him or like the light of a Candle which may both direct and also burn and so accidentally even knowledge it self may prove a great addition to our sinnings That which serves to give us light against them may yet improve the guilt of them upon us There is a two-fold knowledge 1. One naked which shews the evil 2. Another sanctified which keeps from evil the former is good at the Object but the latter is good with the subject that looks upon what is to be done or not to be done this looks down to the heart and inclines it strongly to embrace the good and to resist and abhor the evil This is certain that not all the spirits of speculation are a sufficient rescue of thy soul from presumptuous sinnings Object Why saith a man I will not sin so I know better then so Sol. Alas The bullet strikes down the souldier for all his head-piece naked knowledge is at best but an head-piece and that not of proof neither but sanctified knowledge is a breast-plate and that keeps off the dart Lastly Renounce thine own strength of nature of parts of Renounce thy own strength gifts yea of graces yea of services he shall be brought far in sin who goes far upon his own strength thy own strength will deceive thee it is not enough to keep thee good nor preserve thee from being bad if thou couldest get a trembling heart and a bended knee and a believing eye and an humble spirit then thy Castle were impregnable c. PSAL. 19. 13. Keep back thy servant also from presumptuous sinnes let them not have dominion over me CHAP. IV. HAving handled Davids prayer against sin as lying in presumption now I shall touch on it as it doth respect sin in Dominion Let them not have dominion over me There may be divers conjectures about the connexion and depending sense of these words Two Expositions of the words First As if they were a distant petition q. d. Lord I pray unto thee against high kinds of sinning and perhaps I may sometimes be laid flat by them but then I desire of thee that though they strike me down yet they 1. As a distinct petition may not rule over me though I stoop yet I may not serve though I fall yet I may not lie and rest though they may be sometimes so strong as to over-come yet never so full as to reign let them not have Dominion over me Secondly As if they are but the same petitions greatly inforced q. d. O Lord I beseech thee to keep back thy servant 2. As the same petition inforced from presumptuous sins all sins are bad and inglorious and foul but none so as they they are high transgressions therefore I beseech thee let them not have Dominion i. never suffer them to prevail over me never let them enter into my soul or life let them never over-come me let them not over-take me let me never commit them Now which way of these you conjecture the sense of the words may be aimed at it requires accurateness to determine and cut the thred For my part I think that both may be commodious and are pious though the latter to me doth seem more genuine yet in this I easily submit to better Judgements FOR the words themselves this is evident that they express the spirit of holy David as vehemently carried against presumptuous sins in Dominion for the better discussing of them I shall inquire these particulars 1. What Dominion of sin here may import Four things wherein it consists 2. Whether sins in Dominion may befall a David 3. Why David prayes so against it 4. Then some usefull applications SECT I. Quest 1. FOR the first of these What Dominion of sin doth What Dominion of sin imports import Sol. Dominion is given sometimes to God sometimes to Christ as Mediator sometimes to man over man sometimes to Satan over man sometimes to death which is said to rule and sometimes to sin when it is betwixt sinne and the sinner as betwixt a King and his Subjects As a raigning King hath dominion so sin it acts in all things like a King 1. It hath possession original sin of our hearts actual sin of our lives 2. Hath a title our forsaking of God and voluntary election and compact 3. Hath a throne our souls 4. Hath servants our Members 5. Hath a councel our carnal wisdom and corrupt reasonings 6. Hath power to give Laws and see them executed Paul speaks of the Law in his members and the Law of sin Rom. 7. 21 22. But more distinctly for the better understanding this Four things observe these particulars 1. That Dominion properly is the Right and Power of a What is dominion properly Lord over a servant it is a word implying Superiority and Subjection one who hath Authority to command and another whose condition is obeâ—iential and to serve so that in the dominion there is one who doth rule and another who is ruled one who doth command and another who yeelds at least virtute â—uris he is to yeeld and obey and ratione facti where dominion is exercised there is actual command and actual obedience as the Centurion who had authority and dominion over his servants he said to one go and he did go to one come and he did come to another do this and he did it Secondly observe that Dominion is twofold it is either Dominion is either 1. Original and absolute and this is when the Lord hath a Original and Absolute natural and prime and irrespective title it belongs to him as so to command and impose obedience meerly from his absolute right and accoâ—ding to his own pleasure such a dominion belongs only to â—od who made all the world and is Lord of all All the creatures are his servants and are set by the Law
for life for power for victory Do I finde a good man weakning himselfe bowing under the actual power of some viler lust O beloved comfort is not his medicine but repentance comfort is not his first help but godly sorrow sorrow is the work which belongs to a sinner and comfort that which belongs to a penitent sinner until that thou doest throughly humble thy soul till thou doest bewaile mightily thy wickednesse till thy heart be turned into extreame loathing of thy sin and thy self for so sinning thou shalt not get a good look from God a good word from Conscience any favourable encouragement from the Ordinance Yea well it is if after many years that ever thou seest God in that way of graciousnesse and free communion as thou didst formerly find him however be sure of it that without repentance thou shalt not at all meet with any solid Yet there is a difference twixt particular victories and dominion comfort 3. Neverthelesse there may be some differences twixt particular victories and twixt dominion though dominion be a victory yet every victory concludes not dominion they may be thus distinguished in respect of their subjects viz. Good men in whom sin hath sometimes a victory and evil men in whom sin hath at all times a dominion Five differences betwixt them Particular victory depends on inequality of actual strength but dominion depends upon the fulnesse of corrupt nature Five differences twixt dominion and victory First particular victory depends upon inequality of actuall strength but dominion depends upon the fulness of a corrupt nature There is in all holy men an habitual strength which is seated in the new nature of grace or holinesse by which they are inclined to all good and their hearts made averse to all evil it is the natural temper of true grace thus to work And then there is an actual strength by which when any particular good is proposed they incline unto the obedience of it and when any particular evil is objected they strive against it and resist Now it may fall out that when a temptation presents it self and inward corruption works with that temptation I say it may so fall out that the strength of grace may be insufficient it may not actually equal or exceed that vehement actual strength of inclination and temptation though it doth resist as a weak man may a strong enemy yet it may not be able to conquer but is surprised and led captive and here the fall depends not on the disposition of the will or heart but upon the impotency of resistance the person doth not fall down but is beaten down the sinne is acted not through choice but through weakness not because the person loves it but because he is not able to conquer the temptation But where sinne hath dominion there the sinning comes from the heart as a streame from the fountaine it is natural and not violent It is acted not because a man is not able to make sufficient resistance but because the heart is wholly set that way with fullest complacence Secondly particular victory is a sudden act but dominion is Particular victory is a sudden act but dominion is a more sober work a more sober work In the one the soul is surprised it is hurried it is precipitated it is in a flame on a moment a man hath not space to weigh to judge to consider but sinne hath with marvellous quicknesse seized on the understanding wrought upon the memory struck into the affections and is driven on in a rash and passionate way In the other the work is more sober not only actively devised but affectionately adhered unto a natural strength of corrupt and living affection makes the one and in-advertency and rashnesse may be sufficient to cause the other that ariseth for want of watchfulnesse as a Camp may be so surprised by an enemy this ariseth out of a sworn obedience as the souldier follows his Captaine Thirdly Where the sinning owes it self not to Dominion Where there is no dominion but victory the person feels the yoke and would shake it off but to particular victory or tyranny there the person when he comes to himself feeles the yoke and would shake it off It is true that while the heat of corruption remains and the force of temptation yet disables the heart to recollect it self it is most difficult for any person to distinguish neither is he then come to scruple and question But when things grow clearer in the judgement and more calme in the affections when the hurry and tempest is off that a man beholds his own face and wayes and actions in a right glasse again Now it will quickly appeare whether it be tyranny or Dominion If it be but a tyrannical victory Ah! how the soul loathes it self how it abominates the sinner like a man captivated and rowing as a forced slave in the Gally he would cut the throat of the Master or like a man in Prison he would make his escape with the death of him who was too strong to keep him But if it be Dominion then a man will not only serve his Master but plead for him he desires not to escape he loves his Master and would dwell with him for ever 4. Therefore in the fourth place if it be but victory the If it be but a victory the person is working to recover himself person is not only troubled at his fall not only loathing of the actions but he is actively working he is using his victorious weapons to raise up himselfe to free himself again he is grieved at the bondage desires liberty and will fight hard for it O the humblings and prayings and workings and applications of the soul to the sword of the spirit the declination of the helps of sinne the contentions with the motions of lust the watchings the meditations c. which such an heart will use But where it is dominion the sinne is committed with joy and the sinner would continue with it in peace It is granted that there may be sometimes some distemper in such a heart both before the sinning and after the sinning but that before the sinning is raised only upon carnal grounds because of subsequent shame losse prejudice and that after the sinning is only judicial just throwes of an accusing conscience of which when the vile slave of sin hath got free when the cry of the world is off and when the cry of his conscience is down he prepares his heart again for the sinne is sad and heavy untill he returnes to his vomit and mire the work goes on againe as freely and as heartily as ever Lastly if it be but particular victory the soul will rise again In particular victory the soul will rise again and not without revenge and it will not rise without revenge Though the enemy hath got the battel yet he shal loose the battel before the vanquished soul hath done it will not
that Ignorance it Sol. There are four things which do it 1. One is ignorance The blindnesse of the understanding is a principal guard of reigning sinne you reade that they in Eph. 4. 19. Gave themselves over unto lasciviousnesse to work all uncleannesse with greediness like a souldier who gives himself up and takes pay or like a servant who passeth away himself to service so these resigned up their hearts and lives to all uncleanness it was their delight it was their work this shewed the dominion of sin But what was the cause of this See v. 18. Their understandings were darkned through the ignorance that was in them because of the blindness of their hearts The ignorance of sinne kept up their earnestnesse and practice of sinning If ignorance rules the minde then sinne will easily rule the heart all sinful dominion is enabled by ignorance The Devil is a Prince of darknesse and takes speciall care to keep men blinde Antichrist is a sonne of darkness and therefore above all sets up his kingdome by ignorance So is it with sin it selfe its dominion is mantained by blindnesse in the minde and therefore sin in unconverted men makes the mighty opposition against the word and the meanes of knowledge it knows well that no man turnes from sin who doth not discerne it nor hates it who knowes it not The prisoner is sure enough under a locke and in the dungeon Now then if ever you would get off this natural dominion of sinne you must get knowledge a double knowledge in the minde 1. One direct and that is a distinct and true apprehension of sin just as the Lord reveals it to be both for its proper nature and genuine affects 2. Another is Reflexive that is sinfulnesse which God hath revealed to be so vile so abominable so fearfull It is in you and it is working in you you are under the powers of darknesse you must come to your selves you must fetch your souls unto your souls if you wiâ—l not get a sensibleness of sin and that is begun by knowledge you will live and die in your sins A Second thing which keeps up the naturall dominion of sin is a violent love of sin Love is the sinew of the heart yea it is the chaire of state whatsoever sits in it that is the King of the Violent love of sin soule whether grace or sin For love doth bestow the heart what our love is that our heart is it makes all to stoop and yield There is no talke of parting while love remaines I will not goe free said the Hebrew servant for I love my master Why the soule and sin are in a sworne covenant like David and Jonathan if the soule doth love sin untill you take off the love you shall never be able to take downe the dominion Therefore this shall be another direction break downe the love of sin Ob. But how should that be done Sol. First convince the heart that sin is no lovely thing There be three things which should not fall under our love 1. That which is the object of Gods hatred No man may love that which God hates 2. That which is the object of Gods curse that cannot be good which he curseth and therefore not lovely 3. That which is the cause of mans damnation and misery for no man is to love the cause of his undoing Now sin is the only thing which God hates and which God curseth and which will damn a man 2. Give to thy soule a solid and full object of love finde out something which thou shouldest love Is there not a God a Christ an Holy spirit His word heaven c. There is no loveliness in sin and all loveliness in these things 3. Another thing which keeps up the dominion of sin is error Error and deceit and deceit there is a lye in every sin and the judgement is deceived where the sin is retained either a man thinkes he sins not but is escaped out of the hands of lust or that his condition is sound and good or if it be bad yet not so bad as others or if very bad yet he can at pleasure release himselfe and thus through a vaine fancy he continues under the bondage of his corruptions And so for the actions of sin he deceives his soul he doth not behold them in a comparison to the rule he doth not judge of them by the word but in a reference to his owne corrupt desires and delights which swallow downe infinite sins sugared over by pleasure and profit Now if ever you would get free from sin get your judgements to be cured a sound judgement may be a good meanes Note to breed a sound heart thou wilt never be perswaded to be good untill the erroneous confidence that thou art not bad be removed convince thy minde of these truths against all errors that indeed thou art sinfull And that no sin is little in its merit and it is not what is least wicked but he who is really good shall be saved Do not judge of acceptance or disacceptance by sensible pleasures or profits but beyond these look what that is which is so coloured and disguised it is even a snare for thy life and that which hunts for the precious soule 4. A fourth thing which keeps up dominion is custome the heart by customary sinning grows strong in sin and resolute and Custome is by often committings made more naturally sinful and more apt for further sinfull actions Now observe a little Give some checks to the ordinary Ob. course of sin why you will say It is impossible nay but it is not Though it be Impossible for a man alone to change his sinful Sol. heart yet it is not to check an outward sinfull act a man may chuse whether he will go and be drunke whither he will speake and sweare c. Ob. But if it were done this were vaine and fruitlesse for the dominion of sin Subsists in the nature Though manifested in the acts Sol. I grant it yet first If the heart be brought to set against the sinfull acts it may be brought to set against the sinfull nature secondly The abating of the acts may virtually conduce to the abating of that sinfull nature What may demolish the naturall dominion of sin Qu. 2. What may demolish and breake down the naturall dominion of sin Sol. I will Tell you a few things for this and I pray you to remember them That which doth this must have a greater power then sin 1. That which doth this it must have a greater power then sin for naturall dominion goes not of but by a stronger hand Satan is not dispossessed but by a stronger then Satan And we are not translated from the powers of darknesse but by an hand of omnipotency It must be of a contrary nature unto sin 2. That which doth this it must be a contrary nature unto sin for no kingdome can subsist by
against them that he might secure and maintain this Q. D. O Lord above all things in the world I desire to be upright and this I shall never be unlesse my heart be cleansed of secret sinnes and my life of presumptuous and reigning sins for thy mercies sake cleanse my heart let me not love and work wickednesse there and for thy goodness sake keep my life let me not act transgressions there O that thou wouldest do this for me then then should I be that which above all I desire to be then should I be upright I will stand no longer about the words only they afford unto us this proposition Doct. THat it should be the great bent aime desire and endeavour of a man to be upright Gen. 17. 1. It should be the desire and endeavour of a man to be upright I am the Almighty God walk before me and be thou upright q. d. this all in all which concerns thee which I esteeme and which thou must study Deut. 10. 12. And now Israel what doth thy Lord thy God require of thee but to fear the Lord thy God to walk in all his wayes and to love him and to serve the Lord thy God with all thy heart and with all thy soul Q. D. I have done you much good thought on you in your afflictions brought you out of Egypt preserved you through the sea and in the wildernesse vanquished all your enemies for you presented you into a land flowing with milk and honey Now all that I require and that you are to look too is that your hearts be upright that you bestow your love on none but me your service on none but me that I have all your heart and all your soule Josh 24. 14. Now therefore fear the Lord and serve him in sincerity and truth q. d. this is the thing that doth concern you nearly this is the end of all your mercies and the utmost of all your returnes if you will be any thing or returne any thing to God who hath done all for you then be sincere and true be upright 1 Sam. 12. 23. I will teach you the good and the right way ver 24. Only fear the Lord and serve him in truth with all your heart Q. D. You have shewed false hearts towards your God in that you would put off his government and you may perceive by the thunder and raine how he takes this at your hands but repent and forsake him no more but get you upright hearts to walk with him and cleave unto him Phil. 1. 9. This I pray c. ver 10. That you may approve things that are excellent that you may be sincere I need not quote more places from the Scripture which abundantly delivers this truth unto us onely for the farther Explication of it I shall enquire these particulars Four things 1. What it is to be upright 2. Why we should so studiously aime at and labour for uprightnesse 3. What useful applications in all kindes of this to our selves 4. Then the resolutions of some Cases of Conscience for the stay of those who suspect their own uprightnesse SECT I. Quest 1. VVHat it is to be upright What it is to be upright The Logicians observe a double quid 1. Quid nominis 2. Quid Rei I will briefly therefore open the several words and phrases which are used in the Scriptures to The several phrases that import uprightnesse opened import uprightnesse and then I shall with more ease and better satisfaction Couch out unto you the lively nature of it For the first of these know that uprightnesse is sometimes Uprightness applied applied 1. To God Psalme 25. 8. Good and upright is the Lord To God Psalm 92. 15. to shew that the Lord is upright Esay 26. 7. Thou most upright doest weigh the path of the just In this respect it notes that just and equal nature of God which is as an answering rule Righteously disposing of all his acts and dealings 2. To man And thus it may be applied both to good men To Man and bad men for uprightness may be considered either as arising out of a renued disposition or as appearing in the course of a renued conversation in which respects it is proper to good men only or as manifesting it self in a particular fact and so Abimelech might say in the uprightnesse of mine heart I have done this Gen. 20. 5. Now uprightnesse or to be upright as applied to good men is delivered unto us both in the Old and in the New Testament by sundry words and phrases Sometimes it is called sincerity as Josh 24. 14. serve the Lord in sincerity that is said to be sincere which is without mixture a metaphor from honey which is then reputed pure and right when it hath none of the wax commixed with it The heart is upright when it is sincere and then it is sincere when it is unmingled Beloved there 's a difference 'twixt Adherence and Commixture To the purest lana there may adhere some thred or spot uncomely but in commixture the qualities or substances are in a sort mutually confounded sin adheres or cleaves to the nature of the most upright person but yet it mingles not it is a thing which the renued heart is thrusting off it would be rid of it the new nature like a spring is working it off so that a man may be said to be upright whose heart will not suffer any sinne to incorporate or settle it self Search me said David see whether there be any way of wickedness in me Psalme 139. 23 24. If a man hath an heart upon which sinful wayes do not only fall but with which they close if his heart knows it and allows it and will walk in it that mans heart is not upright in him Sometime it is called one-ness or singleness so Jer. 32. 39. I will give them one heart and one way that they may fear me for ever Act. 2. 46. They did eat their bread with gladness and sing lenesse of heart There are two sorts of persons hypocrites and upright persons and the Scripture opens them by their hearts Hypocrites are said to have an heart and an heart Psal 12. 2. with a double heart do they speak in the original it is with an heart and an heart So Hos 10. 2. their heart is divided now shall they be found faulty and therefore James 1. 8. they are called men of two mindes double-minded men they are in some things for God and in most things for themselves now for his service and anon for their lusts look as hypocrisie mingles sinne and the affection together so it mingles God and sin and the world together it doth not look on God for Gods sake but for profits sake or pleasures sake or honours sake On the contrary upright persons are persons of one heart or of a single heart as the Zebulonites are said not to be of a double heart 1 Chron. 12.
33. which is expounded v. 38. by a perfect heart A mans heart is upright when God alone and his ways alone and his truth alone satisfie and order and bound it when a man can say in truth as they in the matter of Choice Nay but the Lord is our God him will we serve I have chosen the Lord to be my God and his truths to be my guide and his precepts to be my paths and his glory to be my end and hereto only will I stick when the soul doth not halt between two or divides it self in a service of any side or way but keeps only to God Sometimes it is called perfection and the upright are called perfect as Gen. 17. 1. Walk before me and be thou perfect Deut. 18. 13. Thou shalt be perfect with the Lord thy God Psalme 37. 37. Mark the perfect man and behold the upright There is a double perfection One Absolute in respect of degrees which no man can now attain unto in this life no not the most upright for in many things we offend all The other Evangelical which consists in the evennesse of desire and endeavour when a man sets up and exalts the word of God and strives to square his heart and his life in all things thereby As Paul exercising himself to have a conscience void of Note offence and willing to live honestly in all things when a man doth as it were measure his paths as by a line he doth set them by the compasse of a divine rule or warrant not willingly stragling on the right hand or bending toward the left not willingly omit the least duty and commit the least sin he is an upright person when the heart is as large as the precept and the whole will of God is complied with in will and desire and endeavour Sometimes it is called a spirit without guile so Psal 32. 2. Blessed is the man in whose spirit there is no guile and Christ of Nathaniel Joh. 1. 47. Behold an Israelite indeed in whom is no guile An hypocritical heart is a cunning heart it hath many devises shufflings windings and turnings this heart is not plain and sound Therefore the hypocrites are said to have corrupt thoughts and to flatter with their tonguâ—s and to have crooked wayes They do not indeed hate the sin which they pretend nor love that holinesse which oft-times they praise and sometimes act some ends they have of Religion for their belly and for their own advantage but they do not heartily hate sinne nor truly love holinesse Now on the contrary an upright heart is without guile it is even plain and down-right therefore is it in the parable called an honest heart and saith Paul we speak the truth in Christ and upright walking is stiled a walking in truth and serving of God in truth and in spirit The meaning is this that the upright man is indeed that which he professeth his life and profession is not a painting which owes it self to an Artificer but a natural colour which owes it self to the soundnesse of temper he is one who hath truth in the inward parts as David speaks Psal 51. 6. He doth without base ends directly love God and from his very heart hate sinne Though he cannot expresse himself in that flourish of formality yet for Christ he can plainly say as Peter Lord thou knowest all things thou knowest that I love thee And touching sinnes as David of Gods enemies I hate them with a perfect hatred this he is in good earnest Sometimes it is called the allnesse or whollinesse of heart so Deut. 4. 29. If thou seek him with all thine heart Deut. 26. 16. Thou shalt keep and do them with all thine heart and with all thy soul Psal 119. 10. with my whole heart have I sought thee c. when the heart is upright the whole man comes in unto God all the soul and all the body none shall dispose of them but God And God shall dispose of him in every precept the very bent of a man is to please God in all things and the whole soul in the understanding will memory affections bears a respect to all his Commandments There be other phrases to set out this businesse of uprightnesse but I must passe them over and pitch upon the description 2. Now to the second quid Rei I conjecture that uprightnesse The description of uprightness may be thus described Uprightness is a sound and heavenly frame or temper of a gracious heart or spirit given by God by which graces are acted sinnes are opposed duties are performed affectionately directly and plainly In reference to God and not for by-respects I will briefly open this description in its particulars First it is the temper or frame of the heart The seat of uprightnesse The seat of it is their heart is the heart or spirit hence is it stiled uprightnesse of heart 1 King 3. 6. Thou hast shewed unto thy servant David my father great mercies according as he walked before thee in truth in righteousnesse and in uprightness of heart So 't is stiled singlenesse of heart Act. 2. 46. and Truth in the inward parts Psal 51. 6. and a service in spirit Rom. 1. 9. God is my witness whom I serve with my spirit in the Gospel of his Sonne Hypocrisie is a colour but skin deep A painting which lies only upon the superficies or surface of the wall upon the visibles or outwards of profession or action but uprightness like health it is an inward crisis or temperature as the conversation renders it self to the eye of man so the inward disposition strives to render it self to the eye of Gods approbation if a man be upright it is with him as with Solomons Temple though the outward parts were comely and uniform yet the inside was covered with the most precious gold and had the sweetest incense All counterfeit things are best in their shew and worst in their substance and vertue But uprightnesse is best there where least can be seen The actions are nothing to the Inward affections and desires We do but as the Queen of Sheba here no not halfe of the goodnesse of an upright man by what he doth if you would but look into his heart and converse with him there a while you should find the heart the disposition the desire of his soul infinitely to exceed all that he doth Psal 119. O how I love thy law O that my ways were so direct The heart oftimes mournes when the eyes can shed no teares and the heart believes when the tongue cannot speake much faith and the inward man the heart would doe that and much more then what is done or performed Secondly it is a temper or frame of the heart a composition It is the temper and frame of the heart It is not a single or transient act or motion as it were in which methinks two things may be observed 1. One that uprightness is not a
strive and aim at as David here did and Why we should endeavour to be upright endeavour to be upright There are abundant reasons thereof I will deliver a few unto you First this uprightnesse is the great thing which God looks for Uprightness is the great thing that God looks for Joh. 4. 23. The true worshippers shall worship the Father in Spirit and in truth for the father seeketh such to worship him Gods seeking notes either his grace which prevents us or his pleasure which enjoyns us The father seeketh such to worship him i. the Lord by all means would have men in his services to come with spirit and truth to be upright Prov. 23. 26. My son give me thy heart q. d. though the body be made by me and every part thereof and though that whole frame be made for me as well as by me and thou art to glorifie me in thy body yet that which I principally enjoyn thee in thy services is to bring them with thy heart with affections intirely and not pretensively Nay secondly this is it which the Lord looks at See Jerem. This is it the Lord looks at 5. 3. Are not thine eyes upon the truth q. d. Why it is not your words which God doth so much regard nor is it your looks nor your tears nor your cries that which the Lord sets his eye on is the truth of the heart in and under all these uprightnesse there Excellent is that place in 1 Chr. 29. 17. I know also my God said David that thou triest the heart and hast pleasure in uprightnesse As for me in the uprightnesse of my heart I have willingly offered all these things In that place you finde David contributing toward the building of the Temple and stirring up others to that work and David for his part gave like a King thereto even three thousand talents of gold of gold of Ophir ver 4. And seven thousand talents of refined silver and the chief of the Fathers and the Princes gave also five thousand talents of gold and ten thousand dâ—ammes and of silver ten thousand talents and of brass eighteen thousand talents and one hundred thousand talents of iron besides precious stones v. 6 7 8. Now what a goodly gift was all this but David presently subjoynes I know my God that thou triest the heart and hast pleasure in uprightnesse q. d. O Lord all this is nothing thou wilt not accept of it thou wilt not look upon it if uprightness be wanting O that is it which thou regardest the heart the heart thou triest and if uprightnesse be found there that is it which thou regardest You read of the Jews that they made many prayers but God would not hear them brought many oblations but they were vaine i. is of no account Esay 1. 11 12. and 15. They remember the solemne feasts but prevailed not with God he did shut his eyes nay they were at their solemn fasts too but God took no knowledge Esay 58. 3. He gives the reason in both places in Esay 1. 15. your hands are full of blood ver 16. wash ye c. and Esay 58. 4. Behold ye fast for strife and debate to smite with the fist of wickedness ver 6. Is not this the fast which I have chosen to loose the bands of wickednesse q. d. away ye hypocrites do you commit and allow cruelties and villanies and oppressions and whoredomes and then bring multitudes of sacrifices and oblations and cryings and think that I am taken with these go and cleanse your hearts mend your lives leave your sins be plain upright with me that is it which I look at more then any thing that is it which pleaseth me Hence it is that oftimes in Scripture that the Hebrew word Jashar which signifies Right is many times translated 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 pleasing as Numb 23. 27. perhaps it will seem right in the eyes of the Lord we translate it peradventure it will please God so true is that of Solomon Prov. 11. 20. Such as are upright in their way are his delight yea and so that phrase of walking with God which is nothing else but the path of the just or upright is rendred by the Septuagint pleasing of God as Gen. 5. 22. 24. holy Enoch walking with God The seventy renders it he pleased God Thirdly this seemes to be the only thing that God expects 1 Sam. 12 24. onely fear the Lord and serve him in truth with all This is the only thing which God expects your heart Deut. 10. 12. And now Israel what doth the Lord thy God require of thee but to fear the Lord thy God and to walk in all his ways and to love him and to serve the Lord thy God with all thy heart and with all thy soul When the Lord did enter into the Covenant with Abraham Gen. 17. and promised to be an Al-sufficient God unto him what doth he require of Abraham but only this be thou upright when he advanced Solomon to the Kingdome and enricht him with honour and wealth and wisdome above all that ever sat on the Throne what did he require of him 1 Kings 3. 14. Walk in my wayes keep my Statutes as thy father David did How was that see back to vers 6. David my father walked before thee in truth and righteousness and in uprightnesse of heart When Paul had commended many singular things of knowledge and duty to the Corinthians he closeth up all with finally my brethren be perfect 2 Cor. 13. 11. q. d. Will you have me to give you all in one word why then be perfect be upright 4. Uprightness doth bring the whole man unto God It is that Vprightnesse doth bring the whole man to God which commands all and carries all with it the thoughts these inward and sweet breathings of the minde Let the meditations of my heart be alwayes acceptable in thy sight O Lord my strength and my Redeemer saith upright David in Psalme 19. 14. The words Let the words of my mouth be acceptable so he there the mouth of the righteous speaketh wisdom and his talk is of judgement Psalm 37. 30. The heart the Law of his God is in his heart Psalm 37. 31. my heart is fixed saith David again the conversation that is ordered aright Psal 50. hath a man any gifts many gifts why uprightnesse brings in their use and strength to God hath he any graces why uprightness brings in their service to God it keeps us in with God and are one with God and will not suffer us to deal falsely with God 5. God judgeth of a man by his uprightnesse thou art in his judgement good or bad according to the presence or absence God judgeth of a man by his uprightnesse of uprightnesse this is that which distinguisheth twixt the precious and the vile twixt the faithful and the unsound In outward appearances and in the colour of visible services the good
and the bad may go hand in hand both may hear both may read both may pray both may preach both may receive the Sacrament both may give almes but God judgeth not as man iudgeth by outward appearance he is a spirit and truth it self and therefore judgeth of actions by the spirit and as done in truth he searcheth the heart and reines and notwithstanding all the outward appearances of the strict and pompous Pharisees yet he reputeth them as hypocrites and so condemns them Matth. 23. 28. mettals you know are not judged and valued to be gold by the guilt put upon them but by that power and excellent substance which is in them And the natural gold though it look sometimes pale if yet it hath the true nature of gold is judged and reckoned above all counterfeit and gilted pieces so even pompous services which seem fair and glorious to the eyes of men may be rejected of God and the pretenders severely censured because their hearts under these are false and rotten like a dead man cloathed with a faire robe or a Sepulchre garnished outwardly yet within filled with dead and loathsome carcases And the upright Christian whose works are not so specious to the sight whose prayers may be sparing in words yet filled up with sighs and gâ—oanes and whose services may be interrupted with many distractions by him resisted and bewailed may be graciously accepted and rewarded because his sincerity is observed by Gods eye The poore widow could cast in but a mite a very small doit yet of great account was it it was more in Christs exposition then the treasure cast in by others why because she did it in uprightnesse her heart laid down the mite and only their hands put in their gifts her gift was to succour the poor the end of their bounty was to flame their own praise The Church of Philadelphia hath more praise then all the other Churches and yet we read she had but a little strength Rev. 3. 8. A little strength yea but it was upright for she held fast the truth and God judged of her by that Thus for the explication of the proposition now I proceed to the Application of it to our selves which I shall reduce to these heads 1. Of Trial and Examination 2. Of Consolation 3. Of Caution 4. Of Exhortation SECT III. THe first Use shall be to reflect upon upon our own hearts Use 1 and to feel their temper Beloved this is it which To reflect upon our own hearts God looks on and which gives unto us our denomination It is not naked action which make us or marres us our affections are in a sort all in all God complaines many times of the Israelites that they brought him no incense no sacrifice no service why was there none of these at all perhaps somtimes many of these yet God accounts them none It is not what we do but with what heart which makes God to reckon of our services They are but as ciphers which makes no number without uprightnesse God you know is truly good and infinitely wise and searching and spiritually holy that must be brought to him which is like to him or else it is not approved Would you be paid with counterfeit gold doth the shew please you without the substance will the complements of men satisfie you without a real friendship will a gaudy rotten house content you which hath no solidity and goodnesse would you take the words of your servants and their legs as sufficient while their hearts are false in their callings Nay would you be content that God should make a shew only a pretence that he would pardon you and help and comfort and save you and yet deny you real love real mercy real comfort real help and salvation then think how God should take shews from you without uprightnesse of heart Therefore I pray you take some paines with your hearts bring them to the ballance of the Sanctuary weigh them there reduce them to the rule try them there whether they be upright or no. Let me premise a few particulars which may prepare and To quicken you to this trial Consider quicken you to this tryal for uprightnesse of heart Eight things First There is no deceit or errour in the world of more dangerous There is no deceit of so dangerous consequence consequence then for a man to deceive himself and to erre about the right temper of his soul A man may mistake himself in the depth of his riches or the altitude of worldly friendship or latitude of his intellectual qualifications and abilities he may think himself rich and favoured and learned when perhaps he is not so but these mistakes are about nostra not about nos ours but not our selves and the danger may be only a tempest but not a shipwrack But for a man to deceive himself about his heart about his soule why what hath he more what hath he like them they are fundamental errors if a man lays a rotten foundation instead of a sound all his building at length sinks to the ground If a man sets forth in a fair ship whose bottom is unsound and leaking he loseth himselfe in the voyage Why upon the right and solid frame of the soul depends the eternity of our happinesse and therefore the error here is great and irrecoverable when a man hath past over many years in a form of godlinesse in an ingenuity of a civil carriage in a courting of God by some external and naked performances and comes to die and then his conscience riseth up and opens the secrets of his heart and life and makes him to know and feel that notwithstanding all his pretences and conceits that his heart hath continually harboured many known lusts and he did not minde God but himsâ—lf basely in all that he did what a fearful day will this be hoâ— will it make the soul to tremble when it hath no more time now but to see and eternally bewaile its own errours and deceits O Lord saith that oppressed man I have deceived my own soul I thought my self thus and thus but my heart hath deceived and beguiled me 2. Yet secondly consider that Hypocrisie which is apt Hypocrisie is a very common thing to beguile and deceive us is a very naturall and common thing There are three sorts of persons in the world Openly profane who faile in the matter and in the manner they are neither really good nor seeme so to be they are really wicked and declare themselves so to be the plague of their heart breakes out into Carbuncles and Botches Closely hypocritical who faile not so â—â—ch in the matter as in the manner who are wicked but seeâ—â—â— good who act some good but love more wickednesse Truly upright who are so in the matter and manner of Gods worship Now I say that hypocrisie is very natural it hath been and is a very common sinne Job 15. 34. speaks of a Congregation of
it though the Hypocrite may contend against many sinnings yet he never stands against the sin of his profit or pleasure like a Fisher he may throw away many of the small fishes but he keeps those which will make a sale and merchandise But now if the heart be upright then a marvellous tendernesse and conscience will be found in thee even against those sins which formally thou didst love as dearly as thine one life Thou will set against that profitable sin of which Demetrius said that by this craft I get my wealth And thou will set against that sin of which Herod spake that she pleased him greatly that sin which formerly was to thy affections as the oyle to the lampe and as Joseph to Jacob Now thou wilt strive against it as thy only choice enemy and betrayer of thy soule and salvation David if I mistake not and Interpreters deceive me not made this a testimony of his uprightnesse in Psal 18. 23 I was upright before him and kept my selfe from mine iniquity Iniquity may be called mine either in respect of approbation and covenant as a man may say this wife is mine this Master is mine or in respect of special inclination so a man may say this is mine iniquity i that sin to which aboue all other I finde my self most apt and ready and prone So David here I kept my self from mine iniquity i. from the iniquity into which I am naturally so apt and prone to fall into And this he makes as an argument of his uprightnesse viz. that as he did not hunt after other sins so when his speciall corruption did incline and tempt when those did work upon him unto which if he spake but the least word and gave the least leave his naturall inclination would have throughly and easily kindled and thrust out it self yet he would not harken but did oppose he did more narrowly and punctually watch and besige his heart in these Let me adde uprightnesse appeares thus about sins 1. It will endure tryall Psa 139. Try me O Lord and see if their be any wickedness in â—e 2. It will often try it selfe and examine it selfe least any sin should settle 3. It scares it self and is suspicious Master it is I said the Disciple and Iob offered Sacrifice least his Sons have sinned 4. It will blesse God for being kept from sin as David did for Abigailes counsels 5. It is most severe against our own sins an hypocrite is a severe judge of others as the Pharisees against Christ but an upright person throwes the first stone at himself 6. It condemnes sin in all in parents as Jonathan did Sauls prejudice against David and as Jacob did severely judge condemn sin in Simeon and Levy and in Rachel and John the Baptist did in Herod and Christ in the Pharisees at their own table 7. It grieves for its own sins yea and for the sins of others David doth not only water his couch with his teares for his owne sins but also Rivers of teares ran down his eyes because men kept not Gods Law 8. It is more moved for sins against God then injuries done unâ—o our selves David cannot bear Goliahs blasphemies and reproaches yet can beare Shimeis Railings 9. Abstinence sufficeth not without hatred hatred sufficeth not without mortification 4. Tryall of a mans uprightnesse may be his disposition and temper about holy duties and services Looke as a mans heart is false when it pretends a respect to God and yet will Uprightnesse is known by a mans disposition about holy duties allow it selfe in any sin which offends God so is it false when notwithstanding all semblances of pious observances it will not be wrought upon to be truly and intirely obedient to God But I will not digresse I conceive there are five things about our duties and services which may manifest the uprightness of our hearts viz. In five thingâ— Universally 1. Universality David did take this for a speciall testimony of his uprightnesse that he had respect unto all Gods commands Psal 119. 6. and Paul thought it so who did exercise himselfe to have alwaies a conscience voyd of offence towards God and man Act. 24 16. so Heb. 13. 18. we must trust that we have a good conscience in all things willing to live honestly true obedience doth neither dispute nor divide it is given unto God upon a bare command and it doth not crave a dispensation in part where Gods commands are more easy there the upright persons goes on with chearfulnesse and when they seemstrang and more hard there also he goes on with readinesse Abraham is resolved to obey God in all things though it be to part with his country yea with his sonne The rule is good and true Quicquid propter deum fit equaliter fit he who doth serve and obey God for Gods sake will equally obey all that God commands him No one command is unjust or unreasonable to him whose heart is upright in obedience I Question not but that the hypocrite may goe very far in the visible parts of duties and services you may finde him forward and stirring and not a little boasting with Jehu come and see my zeale and yet if Jehosaphat had gone a little farther he might have seen his calves too contrary to Gods commands An Hypocrites obedience cannot be universall forasmuch as his ground and motiâ—es are particular this is a truth that no motion exceeds its motive according to the strength and amplitude or restrictivenesse of it and a man set to worke Now the reasons and Inducements of the hypocrites obedience are partial and not conjunctive common he may come to heare the word and he may receive it with singular joy he may finde his affections marvellously raised only the question now is how far and upon what grounds verily only because and only so far as the word is a pleasing word so far as it is cloathed and apparelled with a spruse elegancy of phrase or with some unusual notions or some delicate elocution c. all which do fit his humour and claw the itch off his minde But now he is not equally delighted this acceptance of the word is not universal let the same word be delivered as a searching and dividing and condemning word then it is otherwise Now you shall see that the shaking of the tree will make the rotten fruit at the core which yet looked red and ripe to the eye to fall to the ground let the word come close and lay hold and search him to the quick Now you shall see the hypocrite like the wounded or crazy part though cloathed as fair as the sound parts yet if strictly handled the party cannot endure he cannot abide it he grows impatient and unquiet Touch an hypocrite upon the maine duty Go saith Christ to the young covetous person sell all and follow me what doth he now who pâ—etended he had done all before the text saith he went away
and verily so it was with him that the love of Christ was sufficient to constraine him 2 Cor. 5. 14. And he went through good and through bad report yea and he was not discouraged by all the bonds which did a tend him nor counted he his life deare for Christ it was all one to him so that Christ might be magnified whether by life or whether by death 4. Spiritualâ—ty of obedience there is a twofold acting of dutie Spirituality of obedience One is carnal when we do them as ordinary works as works of course the meere material acting of them sufficeth us so that we say some words it makes a prayer so that we give some money it makes uâ— our charity so that we be a Church it makes up our hearing so that we go over a chapter it makes up our reading so that we study and speak a Sermâ—n it makes up our preaching so that we eat no meat this makes up fasting It matters not what melody and harmony so that Simile we touch the strings Another is spiritual when duties are performed in an obedience to God because he commands them and also the very heart and soul the spirit and the affections act themselves they co-operate with our services the desires of our souls is to the remembrance of thee or as David with my whole heart have I sought thee When a man can say as Paul whom I serve with my spirit Rom. 1. 9. or as David my soul praise thou the Lord and all that is within me praise his holy name Psal 103. or with Mary my soul doth magnifie the Lord and my spirit doth rejoyce in God my Saviour Luke 2. or as the Apostle saith 1 Cor. 14. 15. I will pray with the spirit and with the understanding also I will sing with the spirit and I will sing with the understanding also or as Christ saith thou shalt love the Lord thy God with all thy heart and with all thy soul and with all thy might An hypocrite he may do so much about duties as may manifest the excellency of his gifts but he doth not that about duties â—â—ich argues the efficacy of grace he may be high and admirable in the visible parts in the very works he may hit upon as ample and pertinent phrases in preaching and sweet expressions in praying as another his lips may draw neare but yet his heart is far off it can suffice him to do service to the eye of man But an upright person there is fire and incense in his sacrifices he must present living and reasonable services why if he hears and not with attention not with reverence not with fear not with faith he is greatly troubled he knowes that God must be served with godly reverence and feare for preaching let him speak as the Oracles of God 1 Pet. 4. 11. If I do this willingly I have a reward 1 Cor. 9. 17. see 1 Thes 2. 4. If he prays and his minde be drawn aside by distractions and his affections work not with sorrow hope with earnest desire and some confidence he accounts that the work is not done he hath said something but he thinks he hath not prayed 'T is true and he confesseth so much that the cause of acceptance of all services is in Christ yea but he must serve and strives to serve the Lord with all his heart he looks to the manner of service on his part In singlenesse of heart as unto Christ not with eye-service c. Eph. 6. 5 6. see Rom. 12. 8. 3 John 5. Thou doest faithfully whatsoever thou doest 5. Humility of obedience why this doth argue the uprightnesse Humility of obedience of a person There is no person more proud of his work then an hypocrite Christ tells us that he cannot give an almes but the trumpet is presently at his mouth There are two things which may befal a man upon the performance of any holy duties One is rejoycing and this is lawful when God hath enlarged my heart in prayer when he hath quickned me in his service raised my affections animated my faith assisted me more then ordinary against my dulnesse distractions unbelief temptations I may rejoyce my heart should be raised to blesse the Lord and in some cases to speak of this his goodness to his glory Another is boasting when a man like the cock claps the wing upon his own body when he sets out himself the more deales with others more to admire him to extoll him when he blesseth himself and bestows the honour of all his performances upon himself Now this is base and argues that the heart is not upright but the upright heart doth all the holy performances by its masters strength and for it masters glory when it is to do duty it begges for Gods grace when it hath done duty it gives â—od the glory 1 Chron. 29. 13. Now therefore O Lord our God we thank thee and praise thy glorious name ver 14. But who am I and what is my people that we should be able to offer so willingly after this sort for all things come of thee and of thine own have we given thee Like a faithful servant who craves direction how to sell â—nd trade And when that is done the money which he takes he puts into his Masters coffer Nay more then all this the upright heart doth much feare it selfe least by any meanes it should finger any part of Gods â—lory by well-doing let any praise from man come near O saith the upright personâ— what have I which I have nor received Not I but the grace of God in me it is but duty and that not done so much or so well as is required so that God will pardon my failings and accept of me in Christ it is enough Obj. It is true that upon some extraordinary actings even an upright heart may feel some secret thoughts of self applause and oftentation Sol. But these are felt as temptations as snares and resisted yea and such secret flies cause many tears to be cast after singular performance but the hypocrite he doth seek praise and accept of it he loves the praise of men and knows how to cry up himself Epamâ—nondas went weeping because of the vain-glory of yesterdays victory and triumph the hypocrite is proud even of his humility 5. A fifth trial whether a man be upright or no is if the bent An upright person the bent and purpose of his heart is unto God and purpose of his heart be unto God Meer particular actions do not conclude either way the estate of the soule An hypocrite may do some good act and an upright person may do some sinful act But that which even in such Cases may testifie unto a man his uprightnesse is the true bent and purpose of the heart Look which way the heart is set and purposed in the habitual temper of it that doth convince either of hypocrisie or of uprightnesse By the heart of man
I mean the soul in its principle faculties as the mind or understanding and the will with the affections If God hath these then assuredly the man is upright when a man can say in respect of his minde with Paul Rom. 7. 12. The Law is holy and the Commandment holy just and good ver 16. I consent unto the Law that it is good or with David Psal 119. 1â—8 I esteem all thy precepts concerning all things to be upright when he can say in respect of his will and affections with Paul willing to live honestly in all things Heb. 13. with him again Rom. 7. 18. to will is present with me ver 19. the good that I would do v. 22. I delight in the Law of the Lord after the inward man or with David I desire to do thy will O my God yea thy Law is within my heart Psal 40. 8. And thou art my God I have determined to keep thy word Psal 119. This in Scripture is sometimes stiled a preparing of the heart to seek God as Jehoshapâ—at 1 Chron. 19. 31. and a cleaning to God with purpose of heart Act. 11. 23. all which intimated uprightness But you may reply if uprightnesse may be truly discovered by the bent of the heart then the vilest person may be upright for they confidently affirm that they meane no hurt their desires are good they would know more they would believe and repent and leave their sins yea they do strive to enter in at the strait gate To this I answer First if any man who hath been wicked doth now finde the purpose and bent of his heart set for God that the desires of his soul are unfeignedly to please God I should not doubt but God had changed this man and his heart were now made upright But secondly I conjecture that no wicked man doth or can have this bent and purpose of heart to please God to obey God in all things for it imports these things 1. An inward desire joyned with love Psal 119. O that my wayes were so directed that I might keep thy statutes But then afterward thy Law is my delight 2. An habitual inclination not a pang of the soul not a mood not a fit of an ague not a flash of lightning not as the morning dew But my soule breaketh for the longing that it hath unto thy judgements at all times Psalm 119. 20. Thirdly an active purpose Herein I do exercise or endeavour my self said Paul Acts 24. 16. though the purpose in an upright man doth exceed his actions yet there is some active and working ability with his purpose he will be doing service to all to God It is with evil men in their purposes as with Pilate he was purposed to let Christ go but yet he gave sentence so they pretend a purpose to please God but still live in their sinnes and do not stirre up themselves at all to all the means by which they may get grace and strength 6. There are many other tryals which I shall but mention unto you v. g. 1. The upright person will not baulk the greatest duty nor the least sins 2. He will serve God though alone Josh 24. 15. 3. His care is to order his conversation by the word that 's his rule 4. His motives which sets him to work are direct not the breath of the people praise of man love of himselfe It is a great matter to observe what sets the soule on work 5. His dearest communions are secret SECT IV. A Second Use of this point shall be for comfort to such as are upright There are many sweet comforts which may greatly revive and chear up such as are upright I will touch For comfort to such as are upright some of them at this time 1. One comfort is this that there is a gracious acceptance of their weak services The King of Persia did lovingly accept the poor mans handful of water and put it into a golden vessel There is a gracious acceptance of their weake services and gave him that vessel of gold To set this on Consider First that all our holy services they are the tithes as it were of our graces the rents of our helps a certain homage which we bring in to God they are such expressions or actions by which we strive to bring God glory and to please him Secondly that the best services are imperfect as no man doth so much as he should so the best Christian doth not so well as he should Look as the highest grace is still in defect so the most solemn duties are still in default It is with the best man in duty as with the Moon though it be at the full and shineth most clearly yet even then it hath its spots so when the heart is most enlarged with intentions and heavenly affections there is yet some contrary twange or some shortnesse some blemishablenesse notwithstanding Therefore Aaron was not only to bear the iniquities of the people but he was also to bear the iniquity of the holy offerings Exod. 28. 38. For as it was with Jacob after his earnest strugling with the Angel he arose with a lame and halting thigh so is it with all of us both in and after our most affectionate performances we are weak in our feet that is not good which is done by a good man and though he doth much which God doth reward yet he doth nothing so compleatly but God needs in something or other of it to pardon and cover Not only our sinnes can accuse us but some sinfulnesse in our best actions no man prays or heares or reades or acts any service of piety or charity in that full and ample eminency or integrity of degrees but that he may with the Elders in the Revelations cast these Crowns down to the ground Thirdly that by reason of these imperfections in duties there is more reason in a strict way of Justice that God should reject all then that he should accept of any thing Beloved it is granted that God doth not reject the services of his servants nay as he doth requite them so he will accept of them and reward them but this is not for the dignity of the servant but from the graciousnesse of the Master For if God should answer any imperfect service yea that which hath but a very little and particular imperfection suppose them to be some contrary transient thoughts or some thinner indispositions hanging about us in our duties I say if God should answer them from the court of pure Justice you should finde that the mixture of a little sin would easily cry down the acceptance of much good The most good which I bring in my services it is but duty and the least evil which I bring is besides the duty and the evil in duty be not able to make that part which is good to be bad yet it is able to shut out the service from acceptance because by reason of that evil the
service is not so good as God may and doth require if he should stand with us upon tearms of strict Justice But then fourthly though there be many imperfections cleaving to the services of men yet if they be upright God will for all them graciously accept of their services Though I pray and with many distractions and though I heare and within my interpretations yet if I be upright in the performances of these i. if my heart be for God indeed under these that I bring in the truth and present strength of my spirit with all humble respect to Gods commands and unfeigned integrity of aiming at Gods glory the services are graciously accepted with God Yea though I cannot alwayes use so many words in prayer though expressions are not so many at this time as at another nay though I finde not that livelihood and chearfulness now as heretofore yet if the heart be upright the service is done and accepted There are two things which may assure a good man that his services are accepted One is faith when he presents his services in the name of Christ look as every sinner needs a Mediatour of redemption so every good man still needs the same Christ as a Mediatour of intercession for his services And though services as done by us can finde no favour yet as presented by Christ they are alwayes a sweet savour before the Lord he is that Angel who hath a golden Censer and hath much incense which he offers with the prayers of all Saints before the Throne Rev. 8. 3. though our services be but weak testimonies yet Christs intercession is a strong and mighty ingratiating both of our persons and actions Another is uprightnesse when the heart is true and plain in what it doth Beloved remember this that as God doth not respect the strongest parts which are passiue as I may say and are idle so he doth not reject the meanest abilities if uprightly imployed No not the day of small things is despised by him if the flax be smoaking though it flame not he will not quench it that is he will not only not slight it but cherish and accept of it 2 Cor. 8. 12. The widows mite the cup of cold water was accepted If a man can truly say Lord I would believe more stedfastly if I could and I strive to believe and I would pray better if I could yet as well as I can I now present my supplications before thee I would serve thee more fully more intirely that is the desire of my soul and my endeavour if I had wherewithal thou shouldst have a better heart more lively affections more ample and chearful duties all should be better if I had a better power I say that notwithstanding the many imperfections yet this uprightnesse this holy frame of a compleat and active will wherein all the powers of the soul are bent to services according to the present power of the measure of grace â—â—â—eived is a most sweet smelling sacrifice and mounts into the most gracious acceptance of God in Christ I pray you remember that of David like as a father pities his childe so the Lord pitieth them that feare him Psal 103. 13. And that of the Prophet I will spare them as a man spareth his own sonne that serveth him Mal. 3. 17. The father commands his childe to lift up the weight and the childe readily addresseth to the obedience he lifts and assayes and still he gives another ha at it but perhaps he cannot get it quite up why the father likes his childe for this and though perhaps the weight be where it was yet he calls this act of his child true obedience why because though that be not done which the father imposed yet it had been done if the child had more strength and he endeavoured with all his strength for to do it Or thus the father wills the childe to shoot an Arrow the child draws the Arrow perhaps but half way and though his eye were upon the mark yet his arrow falls short many Bowes length why the father will yet commend all this for though he sees that the Arrow is short yet he observes that the Bowe was drawn and although the mark be not hit with the Arrow yet it was aimed at with the eye of the childe so is it with God our father who commands such and such duties to which if we addresse our selves with uprightness he will wink and passe by the weakness in action whiles he both observes and accepts the integrity of intention and affection Obj. O saith an upright person I finde such infinite heaps of other thoughts such dulnesse and deadnesse of spirit such untowardlinesse so many weaknesses every way all which are the grief of my soul and it troubles me much that I cannot do the good that I would how will the Lord take such broken services from me Sol. I answer if thy heart be upright in these interrupted services God hath mercy to pardon the weaknesses and he hath wisdome to finde out the uprightnesse and he hath graciousness to accept of the dutifulnesse A Goldsmith will not cast away those lesser raies of gold though mingled and to an inexpert person confounded with various heaps of drosse and â—â—st now he hath an art to find out the little gold and put side the drosse Though with all our holy actions there be much corruption and weakness commixt yet there is such a wise art in Gods gracious mercy as to finde out uprightnesse and holinesse of desire and endeavour in a service commanded with many infirmities 2 Chr. 30 18. the Lord pardon every one v. 19. That prepareth his heart to seek the Lord God of his fathers though he be not cleansed according to the purification of the Sanctuary verse 20. And the Lord hearkened to Hezekiah and healed the people 2. A second comfort is this that if a man be upright he shall not only finde acceptance for services but also indulgence for offences If a man be upright he shall not only finde acceptance for service but indulgence for offence You must ever distinguish twixt the cause and the subject the cause of all pardoning indulgence is the free grace of God in the blood of Christ but the subject of indulgence is the person to whom God is pleased to give his pardon and release None comes in under the wings of the mercy-seat so as the upright persons Uprightnesse in Scripture hath in a well understood sense seemed to cover all you read of King Asa and of many passages which did greatly blur him both as a King and as a good man he did not break down the high-places he sought to the Physicians he joyned to the King of Syria he cast the Prophet into prison who reproved him for it yet 2 Chron. 15. 17. the heart of Asa is said to be perfect all his dayes How all his dayes and yet such sinnings sometimes yes all his dayes for sinnes stand
upon the account and seeme to be reckoned not so much when they are done as when they are done with a sinful heart And they lose upon the account they are struck off God passeth over them when the bent of their heart is against them see that place and passage of David Blessed is he whose transgression is forgiven and whose sin is covered ver 2. Blessed is the man to whom the Lord imputeth no iniquity verily brethren that mans estate is blessed whose sins are pardoned O! if the Lord be reconciled to a man if the Lord covers his sinne i. will not look upon them in a judicial way so as to account and reckon with the sinner for them if the Lord will not impute iniquity to him i. though he hath iniquity yet the Lord will forgive it it shall not redound unto him in punishment but it shall be blotted out and be as if it had never been tell me seriously is not this a blessed thing tell me now you whose hearts are ready to break asunder with the sense of guilt whither pardoning mercy be not a most blessed and desirable thing You will freely confesse it is but then the question is who is that man that is so blessed what is his temper how is he qualified See on in that ver 2. he is one in whose spirit is no guile what 's that that is he is the upright person whose spirit is really and plainly for God who in truth desires to please him who in truth hates all sin This is that blessed man and in this is a great part of his blessednesse that the Lord will not impute his iniquities unto him but will forgive and cover them i. so forgive them that they shall not rise upon the account any more Paul did upon this conclude by way of testimony to himself and for others that there was no condemnation unto them Rom. 8. 1. why what was Paul what was his temper verily it was upright Obj. Upright why he complains of sin that he was sold under it he complaines of the Law of his members warring against the Law of his mind he complains that he was brought into captivity he complaines that when he would do good yet evill was present with him How then can be say that there was no condemnation for him how was he upright Sol. Thus his being upright did not consist in this that he had no sin in him nor in this that he did no sin nor in this that he did all the good which he saw should be done But in this that he hated the sin which dwelt in him that he resisted the evil working in him that his inward man approved the good and condemned the evil that his inward man hated the evil and was delighted in the Law of God This was his uprightness and upon this he concludes that there was no condemnation i. his sinne should not sink his soul to hell they should not separate him from the love of God in Christ they should not be imputed to him but Christ would take them off An upright person the Lord is his God in covenant 3. A third comfort to an upright person is this that the Lord is his God in Covenant You are not Ignorant of the Covenant which God did stipulate with Abraham Gen. 17. 1. I am the Almighty al-sufficient walk before me and be thou perfect what is the meaning of that In a Covenant you know there are two parties and they mutually undertake and agree so here is God on the one part and here is Abraham on the other part and God promiseth and Abraham promiseth God promiseth to be All-sufficient unto him and engageth himself in an everlasting Covenant to be his God ver 7. now Abraham promiseth to walk uprightly before the Lord and this is all that the Lord agrees with him for walke before me and be upright and then I am thy God and I will be thy All-sufficiency Obj. Why you will say this is granted it is cleare that God Covenants to be a God to an upright person But what so great comfort in that Sol. Nay then I have done if yet you understand not If yet you think it so poore so meane a thing for God to be your God in Covenant I tell you brethren when God becomes your God in Covenant when he saith to a person I will be a God unto thee it is infinitely more then if the Lord should say to a man I will give unto the all the world O for God to be my God what is it but this I am thine and all that I am or have or can do shall be thine and for thee I am an holy God and that shall be to make thee holy I am a mercifull God and that shall be to pardon thy sins I am a powerfull God and that shal be to help thee to deliver thee to conquer for thee I am a faithfull God and that shall be to make every promise good which I have made unto thee I am a wise God and that shall be to bring in thy comforts thy deliverances thy helps in the most desirable season When sins trouble thee I will pardon them when they are too strong for thee I will subdue them when thy heart is sorrowful I will comfort it when thy graces are weak I will strengthen them when men disgrace thee I will honour thee when dangers arise I will preserve thee what thou needest that I will give thee what thou hast that I will blesse to thee all this and far more then this it is for God to be our God in covenant Nay and all this is ours by covenant that is it is not a faire and empty pretext it is not a glorious and vaine complement but really so and firmly so the Lord if he be our God in covenant doth bind himselfe to be all this unto us by the fidelity of his nature by the truth of all his promises by the seale of the blood of the Lord Jesus Christ Now what think you do you now not think that the people happy who are in such a case whose God is the Lord Psal 144. 15. I tell you we are not able to Imagine the height and depth and breadth of this one comfort that God is my God in covenant and yet whatsoever you apprehend of it whatsoever you feel of it whatsoever it is it is the portion of the upright persons thou art my portion O Lord for ever said upright David Psal 119. 4. Uprightnesse intitles the person to all blessings of heaven and Uprightnesse intitles to all the blessings of heaven and earth of earth as David spake of Jerusalem that I may say of the upright person all my springs are in thee or what Iacob said of Ioseph that he was A fruitful branch or bough uprightnesse is like Arons Rod full of blosomes you know that place Psal 84. The Lord God is a sun and shield the Lord will
give grace and glory no good thing will he withhold from them that walke uprightly what is the sun but the great and inexhausted fountaine of Light of life of heate of influence of comfort that will God be to them that walke uprightly what is a shield but the defence and safegard of a person against shots and blowes that also is God to them that walke uprightly Will grace do their hearts good will glory do their souls good is there any good which respects the militant condition is their any good which respects the triumphant condition neitheir grace nor glory nor any good shall be with-held from them that walke uprightly Noah was upright and had an Ark Ebedmelech had his life given him for a prey Jerem. 39. 18. Amunitions of Rockes for the upright Esay 33. 15 16. What shall I say brethren all the promises which you know are the treasures of heaven the cabinets of our comfort the store-house of our wants the hand which holds and delivers out all our supplies why all of them do as it were beset and incompasse the upright person art thou an upright person and looks upon thy family Prov. 14. 11. The tabernacle of the upright shall flourish art thou an upright person and castest an eye up to thy posterity why Psal 112. 2. The generation of the upright shall be blessed Art thou an upright person and desirest such or such a necessary outward comfort why Psal 37. 4. Delight thy self in the Lord and he shall give thee the desires of thy heart Art thou an upright person and suspectest the continuation of thy outward estate why Ps 37. 18. The days of the upright and their inheritance shall be for ever Art thou an upright person and thy comforts seem a while to be clowded Neither cannest thou espy any one hopefull crevise or future joy why Psa 112. 4. Unto the upright their ariseth light in the darknesse and Psal 97. 11. Light is sowen for the righteous and Joy for the upright in heart Art thou an upright person and knowest not how to breake through the manifold fortifications and strengthen of envy or power why The Lord will bring forth thy righteousnesse as the light Psal 37. 6. what can keep downe the rising of the sun And the eyes of the Lord run to and fro through all the whole earth to shew himselfe strong in the behalfe of them whose heart is perfect towards him 2 Chron. 16. 9. Uprightnesse will comfortably season all our conditions Fifthly it will comfortably season all our conditions you know this life of ours is capable of many changes the weather doth not alter so often as our temporary conditions do calmes and tempest light and darknesse comforts and discomforts friendship and then malicious opposition health and then a painefull fit of sicknesse Riches and then a sinking poverty liberty and then some hard restraint or exile one day gaine comes in another day it is dashed out by the greatness of loss this day full of joy the next day all his forgotten by the abundance of sad teares for the death of a parent of a yoke-fellow of a child of a friend c Nay and the soule hath its changes too sad conflicts bitter assaults strong accusations from Satan and the like What now is a choicer Arke to beare us up in all these waves what harbour like to this of uprightnesse why saith David Psal 73. 1. Yet or however God is good to Israel even to the upright in heart and Paul 2. Cor. 1. 12. Our rejoycing is this the testimony of our conscience that in simplicity and godly sincerity we have had our conversation in the world O Brethren a false and base heart nothing sets on affliction a losse a scandal an accusation so close as it when a mans heart can smite him for an hypocrite for a lover of sin hypocrisy sinkes the conscience under these burdens But uprightnesse can looke an accusation in the face and beare up the spirit in a storme and though uprightnesse may be exposed to many crosses yet it can comfort a man in the sadest day for it hath alwayes a good friend abroad of God and within of conscience 6. Here is another comfort uprightnesse will be a good friend Uprightnesse will be a good friend in death in death Psal 37. 37. mark the upright man and behold the perfect for the end of that man is peace The upright person hath most conflicts ordinarily in life and most quiet ordinarily in death O When death shall approach the dwellings of the prophane and hypocriticall and shall say I have a message unto thee from God he hath commanded me to arrest thy soule and to present it before his judgement seat How doth the heart of a profane wretch gather into feare and horror yea and how doth fearefulnesse and confusions fly up in thâ— brest and countenance of the hypocrite his conscience delivers up his morsells from which he would not part and shames and strikes him for his abominable collusions and Glosings in the service of God reports unto him that he must presently stand before a God who is spirit and truth and never could abide unsoundnesse but will be avenged of hypocrisie good Lord how the heart of this man trembles and sighs he would thrust out the thoughts of dying but cannot he would stay a while longer here below but may not O! now he is gasping trembling sighing dying and gives out life and all with heart-breaking despaire But now if the person be upright even the message of death may be welcome If the Lord calls for me I may answer here am I O Lord look upon me and accept of me in Christ and Remember now O Lord I beseech thee how I have walked before thee in truth and with a perfect heart and have done that which is good in thy sight I have fought a good fight I have kept the faith I have finished my Course c. 2. Tim. 4. 6 7. More particulars might be added as 7. uprightnesse begets conscience towards God the upright hath boldnesse he may freely make his prayer and be sure to be heard 1. John 3. 21 22. 8. It will hold out in evill times Luk. 8. 15. the fourth ground held out even in times of persecution because the word was received into an honest heart 9. The upright person is sure of salvation Psal 15. 1. Lord who shall dwell in thy holy Hill v. 2. he that walkes uprightly Mat. 5. 8. Blessed are the pure in heart for they shall see God Object But all this will not strike into some hearts whiles we suspect our estate we alwayes deny our comfort O saith a person I feare I am not upright and so this comfort belongs not to me I feare I am not upright therefore all this goodly portion of sweet comfort appertaines not to me I Answere to this a word or too in the generall Answered 1. A man may be
from inequalities in holy service A third case in which a man may feare his uprightnesse may be some inequalities about holy services it goes thus sometimes a man findes his heart much inlarged in duties yet other times much contracted and straitned sometimes he is full of life and quick affections yet other times he feeles no active or lively disposition he can finde no minde or heart almost insomuch that either he can do little or nothing and what is done by him is but done all cheerfulnesse and quicknesse seems to fall off like the green leaves from the tree so that nothing but a meer naked carcase of duty is acted by him Now the case is whither a man may be reputed upright who many times finds himselfe thus in his services This is A case which ordinarily doth perplex many a good heart how cunning is Satan still to vex the soule if he can prevaile with us to omitt duty why then thou art plainely wicked if the soule be lesse free and compliant in the duty why then it is secretly hypocriticall thus he insnares us but to the resolution of the case thus Answered All inequality in holy service concludes not against uprightness First all inequalities in holy services do not conclude that a man is not upright Looke as the naturall life hath many spaces and as it were degrees of latitude a man may be able to run yet sometimes be scarse able to go these motions you wil say are unequall nevertheless the man lives both under the one and under the other so may it be with the spiritual life for it hath also its different and unequall spaces sometimes a man may do his services all in Joy other times all in teares sometimes his will is great and performances answerable other times his will is disposed but he cannot act in any proportion yet his heart lives uprightly in either Neverthelesse we must distinguish of inequalities in holy services Dinguish of inequalities there are two sorts of them Some arise from weaknesse of strength Others arise from falsenesse of heart You see a man sometimes able to move a weight of an hundred pounds at another time he is scarce able to lift a From weaknese of strength walk-ingstaffe why because his strength is failed and then no marvell that his actions vary so it may be with an upright man God is pleased sometimes to afford unto him a strong degree of heavenly assistance he clears his judgment inables his faith to apprehend and discerne quickens his affections restrains Satan puts downe the force of the inward contrarieties why at such a time the soule is mightily active in the power of received and conferred strength At another time the winde slackes and then no marvell the ship doth not post so fast the spirit bloweth when and where how he lists there is not always such a communication of actual strength and then our desires may be great but our performances will be unequall And this observe by the way that if the inequality depend only on weaknesse of strength there the heart still keeps its bent nay is most inwardly stirring in desires and propensions though it be not able to do the good that it would But there are also inequalities which arise from falseness of From falseness of heart heart As when a man hath an Ague which infects his humour or spirits or both he hath one good day and another bad day or as it is with a land-flood this hour posting in with such an high speed as if it would domineer over all the County and yet by and by it spends away it self there is no more of it to be seen so it may be with a man whose heart is false to God it may be with him thus he may have his moods his starts one while like those accompanying Christ and magnifying him with an Hosanna in the highest another while quite turned and crying out Crucisie Crucifie him So here one day or week who but God and what but duty not a Sermon missed not a prayer neglected yet on a sudden slow to hear careless to pray indifferent to any holy performance When inequalities arise from falseness of heart Now if the inequality arise from the falseness of heart and I pray you to observe this that it is ordinarily in three cases 1. When the performance was attempted meerly to compass some outward good a very Hypocrite may take much pains for his own ends of honour profit pleasure c. 2. When the performance was attempted meerly to remove some inward or outward evil as pangs of conscience within or shame and censure without 3. When the old lust is returned to new strength the bitterness of death is off or the like and now the heart returns to its former haunt and natural bent to the love and practise of such or such a sin which will easily beget and declare an inequality There are two sorts of inequalities about holy duties in duties for love and practise of sin will either make all duty to cease or any method of duty to stagger and change 2. Observe that there are two sorts of inequalities about holy services Some respect the Will and Actum elicitum as the Schoolmen speak the first springings of it its secret inclinings and motions Others respect the Exercise or Fact and Actum imperatum as they call it from these I infer two conclusions viz. 1. That inequalities of holy services in respect of the exercise or fact may consist with uprightness v. g. A man one day may The inequalities of holy services in respect of the exercise may consist with uprightness be able to find words more readily and abundantly in prayer and lively-hood in his affections then at another time and yet be truly upright Look as a Preacher may be able to study and to preach one day better then another and a Tradseman to follow his particular Calling yet both the one and the other be truly upright in their particular Calling so I say of the expressed and external acts which respect the course of our general Callings c 2. That intrinsecal inequalities those in the will and purposes Inequalities in the Will and purposes thereof argue defect of uprightness thereof argues defect of uprightness When a mans will is one while strongly purposed for duty and by and by it is totally bent and set for sin here the inequality doth depend upon the division of the heart which is Hypocrisie and falseness 3. Cheerfulness or uncheerfulness in the performance of duties Cheerfulness or uncheerfulness in duties are not infallible symptoms etiher way are not infallible symptoms either way By Cheerfulness I mean the liberty or freedom of the spirits and by uncheerfulness the sadness heaviness or dulness of them As it may be a day though the sun shine not nay as the sun doth keep on its natural course and motion under the
Ecliptick line still whether you see the cheerfull body of it or no so a person may pass on from duty to duty with all affectionate uprightness though there be an habitual cloud of sad spirits still seemingly wrapping up all his performances I think that we do not distinguish always aright and therefore perplex our hearts there is a difference twixt Affections in Duties and Cheerfulness in Duties as much difference as twixt life and lively-hood twixt burning and flaming A brand may be red hot and burn to purpose and yet not flame at all so a man may bring living affections to his services he may present them and offer them out of the dearest love to God and truest respect to his honour who yet may not feel any such sparkling and flaming inlargements of his spirits in the times of disgrace of such services Defect of affections is one thing of lively-hood and cheerfulness that is another thing If I serve God without any degree of affection then I am not upright but I may and do oft-times serve him without cheerfulness with much dulness and heaviness resting upon my spirits and yet may be upright For uncheerfulness doth not necessarily and absolutely and only arise from want of grace It may intirely depend upon natural causes A mans natural temper may be sad and melancholike Note his body may be sickly and faint and crasie Now as a Musitian may play over his Ditty singularly well though he doth make every note to reel and tremble with infinite quavers so the Christian may do his services with truest uprightness though not with that lively cheerfulness as another perhaps may do 4. Though cheerfulness doth not always accompany our Duties Though cheerfulness doth not always accompany our duties yet uprightness may be evinced by other things yet uprightness may he evinced by these things By being humbled that we cannot serve with that lively-hood as we do desire By mantaining the services even on t of a respect to God I will yet serve him though I find reasons to humble me yet I will not to keep me off from Duties though I do want spirit yet I do find an heart to pray and to read c. If I cannot serve God with smiles yet I will with tears If my body will not carry my soul to duty yet my soul shall hale my body unto it By bringing in the present measure of strength so much as I can do Lord I do now unto thee if I were able to utter more or better or longer why thou shouldst have it When I am humbled that I can do no better and when I strive to exceed my self when I will serve God for Gods-sake and do not willingly with-hold my strength and yet present all in the name of Christ for acceptance this is uprightness though the looks and spirits may be heavy and clouded c. 4. Whether all self-love doth contradict uprightness As suppose Case 4. a person doth act his duties out of a regard to himself Doubts of uprightness from self-love whereas uprightness seems rather to set up all work with a single respect to Gods Glory Sol. I will not insist much on this only observe a few particulars viz. Answered God hath implanted self-love in every man Answ 1. Self-love naturally considered is an inbred quality by which a man affects his own good and benefit this God hath implanted in every man to desire and work for his own safety the first care and respect should be for God the next for our selves and the rest for others 2. Self-love as it is natural so absolutely considered Self-love absolutely considered is very lawfull it is very lawfull He that said Thou shalt love the Lord thy God with all thy heart said also Thou shalt love thy neighbour as thy self if as our selves then is it lawfull to love our selves yea and the Apostle saith no man ever yet hated his own flesh and adviseth every man to love his wife even as himself Ephe. 5. 29 33. Duties may lawfully be discharged out of self-love Duties may lawfully be discharged out of a self-love A man may in their discharge have a lawful respect unto himself i. he may regard his own comfort and peace and mercy and happiness as thus now I may lawfully apply my self to the hearing of the word to reading to praying to a very carefull walking with God because I would preserve the peace of my conscience because I would keep up my comfortable interviews of Gods loving kindness because I would be saved and eternally blessed A man may lawfully aim at comfort and salvation in his duties this doth no way contradict or disanul uprightness Forasmuch as God propounds these things in his Word which is our rule of doing and working as motives to set us on to our labour Be abounding in the work of the Lord saith the Apostle forasmuch as ye know that your labour is not in vain in the Lord 1 Cor. 15. Blessed are the pure in heart for they shall see God Mat 5. 8. Blessed are you when men speak all manner of evil of you ver 11. For great is your reward in heaven Verse 12. He that continues to the end shall be saved Repent that your sins may be blotted out Act. 3. 19. And will render to every man according to his works to them who by patient continuance in well-doing seek for glory and honour and immortality eternal life Rom. 2. 6. 7. Whatsoever God propounds as a motive to Duty and whatsoever God promiseth as an encouragement or reward on that the soul may most lawfully fix the eye What doth the Apostle press the Philippians to mutual love and accord by the consolations of Christ by the comfort of the spirit Phil. 2. Why doth he press the Romans to the service of righteousness by the assurance of eternal life Rom. 6. If that to cast an eye on these were unlawfull or that a man could not be upright who did so Nay Verily not only that which God hath propounded and that which God hath promised but that which I may pray for on that I may cast an eye Now may not the upright person pray for peace and quiet of conscience May he not pray for the joy and comfort of Gods Spirit May he nor pray for the salvation of his soul Nay that which another good man may pray for me may I not pray for that my self Now saith Paul My hearts desire to God for Israel is that they may be saved Why It is granted by us all and it is practised by us all that we desire heaven and what is it to desire heaven but to desire salvation and whar is it to desire salvation but to desire a real and glorious and blessed and eternal union with God and what greater good can a man desire to or for himself then this There is a two-fold self-love of subordination 4. But then in the last place
see God in his precepts and see him in his Threatnings and then we hold up and go on but if once we lose him in the sight of his promises then impatience and murmuring and discontents and unlawfull projects and wayes appeare in the heart and life so also if we lose him in the sight of his precepts which guide and binde Now loosnesse and carelesnesse and indifferency appears and lose him in the sight of his threatnings now pride and presumption and other bold adventurings appeare But if we could by faith see him who is invisible if we could see the goodnesse and fidelity and immutability of his promises for all kinde of good supplies and if we could see the power and authority and equity of all his precepts respecting our actions and ways and if one could behold the justice and terror of the Lord by faith in all his threatnings O how might the soule be bounded and kept like a river twixt its banks in a constant and sweet course of even and upright walking 3. If you would preserve uprightnesse then you must get and Get and preserve humblenesse of heart prâ—serve humblenesse of spirit Remember this that the humble Christian receives most good and lives best The slow hands writes the fairest copy and the low valley of all the parts of the earth is most yearly fruitfull Highnesse of spirit and much unevennesse ordinarily keep company There are three properties in humblenesse which shew that Simile it much conduceth to uprightnesse One that it is much with God hence we read of the cries of the humble and the desires of the heart the humble soule is like the weake Ivie which clinges about the strong oake so it is much with a mighty God you shall seldome finde the humble person without a teare in his eye a complaint in his tongue a prayer in his heart either you finde him upon his feet standing to hear what God will say or upon his knee craving what God will give 2. Another that it haâ—h much from God There be high mountaines which be above all cloudes the proud heart is most empty because most lofty but God gives grace unto the humble Jam. 4. the poor beggar gets the almes and the low valley gets the showers and the humble heart the grace of God and that both preventing grace which makes good an assisting grace with holds on in good thou hast hard the desire of the humble 3. A third that it doth all for God there are two things which the humble person doth most eye One is Gods rule another is Gods glory as a good servant who takes commandes from his masters mouth and layes out himselfe for his masters advantage All is from him and by him and therefore all must be to him saith the humble heart Now all these conduce directly to uprightnesse he is best in walking with God who is most in calling up on God prayer being like the firm and solid ground which enables the feet to stand best And God is near to the humble the weak child is preserved from most falls which is held by the hand of the mother or carried in the bosom of the Nurse Where divine strength is most communicated there the life is most uniformly ordered and then humbleness refers all to Gods glory it puts the cause of gift upon him and the honor of their use which is directly opposite to Hypocrisie therefore labour to be humble get to be sensible of your selves both for naturals and also spirituals in the one see your vileness in the other your emptiness c. Fourthly If you would get and preserve uprightness then Get your hearts to be crucified to the world get your hearts to be crucified to the world Hypocrisie and worldliness are seldom far asunder It is rare to find an Hypocrite but he is one who is either strongly ambitious of honor or greedily desirous of Riches search the Scrriptures and you shall find it so and very cleerly in the Pharisees Now when the heart is set upon the world it is easily drawn aside it will ever anon be uneven the bowl which hath a bias cannot run longe in a strait line They that will be rich fall into temptation and a snare into many foolish hurtfull lusts c. For the love of mony is the root of all evil 2 Tim. 6. 9 10. A thing of naught turns aside the heart which is worldly the look of a man the hope of a nod a change of garments a morsel of bread a meals meat a few pieces of silver all of these are to a worldly hearr like the winde to the ship which turned the sails round about Therefore take heed of the world most of our uneven carriages arise from want of faith to exalt God and from the enthraling of our hearts to the world we are under either the discouragements of the world and the fear of them make us to step awry or else the encouragements of it and the hope and love of them makes us to omit duties or put out our hearts to wickedness The sear of man and the too high account of carnal power and too much love of our selves and the world are sore enemies to uprightness of heart or life he who will know no Lord but Christ and no safety like that of God and no good like that which is heavenly his spirit is sound and his life will be upright 3. Now to all that hath been said let me add a few daily meditations which may be of great force to keep us in upright walking Considerations to keep us upright God searcheth the heart and beholds our wayes Four considerations more 1. One that God searcheth my heart and still looks upon my ways Whether shall I go from thy presence said David Psalm 139. And all things are naked and open to him with whom we have to deal said the Apostle Heb. 4. There can be no action hid from an all-seeing eye Nor can the ground and motives and ends of our actions be secret to him who searcheth the heart and reins and understands our thoughts a far off we may blind the eyes of men but we cannot delude the eye of God The Lord seeth me in the dark and my private courses are as obvious to him as the mountain to the sun at noon-day what way I take he well observes and which way my heart runs what it favours and what it dislikes what I do and what end I have in all my doings and what principles and rules sway within the chambers of my breast This daily meditation may be of force to look both to the matter of our doings and to the manner and so incline us to upright walking 2. Another That I must one day appear before God and then I must one day appear before God and then all my secrets will be disclosed all secrets shall be disclosed The upright man may be shaddowed out by an
heart in a clear glass through which any one may see the pulse and motion of it But this is sure that however in this life our actions and wayes may be wrapt up with many devices and hidden conceits of Hypocrisie Yet at the day of Judgement every man shall be throughly opened anatomized as it were and orderly cut up What his heart did love or hate what publick or private wickedness it did act and would not forsake what pretences to cover secret sinnings what bawlkings and declinings of known duties what ingenuous or sordid ends in all and every performance all these and more then these must be spread open at the day of Judgement before the eyes of men and Angels Of which did we believingly consider probable it is that we would attend to uprightness of heart and life to present a fair copy of our selves to the eye of God 3. A little unevenness will mar the comfort of a great deal of A little unevenness will marre the comfort of our uprightness uprightness There are two sorts of unevenness in walking One is Habitual and allowed which marres the just hopes and expectations of glory Forasmuch as that is either gross profaneness or cunning Hypocrisy both which are excluding sins Another is Actual which is a trip a stumble an out-stripping in the course of a pious walking I confess it may befall the best yet it will imbitter our soules All the good course which a man hath led and actions which he hath sincerely done cannot so much comfort him as many particular obliquities and unevennesses may sad and perplex him As in a Simile wrinch of the foot the present pain shuts out the sense of all former strength or as in the sickness of the stomack the present disease closeth up the sense of all health so the particular miscarriages in a Christian course they may fold up or at least suspend the tast of all the sensible comfort which uprightness formerly yielded and shot forth They may break the bones of David Psalm 51 and melt the soul of Peter and cast us both to darkness of trouble and sorrow and the labour of many active endeavours before we can see God to be our God again and be perswaded that our estate is really right and sound 4. That God is to be set up above all It is an hard yet it is That God is to be set up above all an usefull thing to ascribe unto God the Original of excellencies that he is God and that Power Might and Glory and obedience belongs unto him that he made us and not we our selves and that our beings as they are depending upon his power so our wayes upon his Rule and he is Lord of Lords all are under him and being the universal efficient he ought also to be our universal end God is set up above all other 1. When his Rule and Word swayes us against all other 2. When his Glory is singly or supreamly aimed at above all other things and both these complear uprightness FINIS THE THRONE OF MERCY AND THE TRIBUNAL OF JUSTICE ERECTED In the Remissibleness of All Sin and in the Irremissibleness of the SIN against the HOLY GHOST In two SERMONS on Mat. 12. 31. Preached before an Honourable Auditory By Obadiah Sedgwick B. D. LONDON Printed by T. R. for Adoniram Byfeild at the sign of the three Bibles in Corn-hill near Popes-head Alley Anno 1660. THE THRONE of MERCY AND TRIBUNAL of JUSTICE MAT. 12. 31. Wherefore I say unto you all manner of sin and blasphemy shall be forgiven unto men but the blasphemy against the Holy Ghost shall not be forgiven unto men THE best of actions are oft-times subject to misconstructions and a busie malice will either find or fasten spots upon the purest innocency This Chapter is the Map wherein you may read these truths Christ cannot speak or do but an envious Pharisee will pry and censure and slander Nothing is more offensive to an ill eye then the light and that which much afflicts an ill heart is the beauty of that good which it sees in or done by others Let Christs Disciples pluck but some ears of corn only to make necessary satisfaction to natural hunger verse 1. the Pharisee will presently pluck at Christ himself and murmur him not to be a pattern of obedience but a pattern of licentiousness Behold thy Disciples do that which is not lawfull on the Sabbath day verse 2. If Christ doth step from the field into the Synagogue verse 9. there also shall he have the catching attendance of the Pharisee Malicious hatred is like the shadow which will pursue the body of pious actions Here he no sooner finds a fit object for his mercy but the Pharisees endeavoured to divert the execution by an ensnaring scruple Is it lawful to heal on the sabbath daies verse 10. as though the duties of piety jusled out all offices of charity and that God who commanded sacrifice had not also preferred mercy They themselves would reach forth the courtesie of relief to a distressed beast v. 11. and therefore Christ might justly lend his hand of mercifull Charity to a diseased person verse 12. In the 22. ver He heals one possessed of a devil a miracle that begat amazement amongst the people and some kind of credence concerning his Divinity but in the Pharisees it vented plain Blasphemy This fellow casts out devils by the prince of devils verse 24. A bitter and high reproach and such as was for the truth neither probable nor possible For First Will Satan cast out Satan He that seeks the constant support will he willingly overthrow his own Kingdom Secondly Can Satan cast out Satan he that is cast out must be of lesser power and he that doth cast out must be of greater power but can Satan be greater and lesser then himself These Arguments could not but convince their judgements yet they did not extingush their malice they could not deny these to be truths yet will they pertinaciously deny their affections to them what they could not answer they would resist and though they saw sufficient reason and evidence yet they are resolved not to believe but to contemn Christ Wherefore I say unto you all manner of sin and blasphemy shall be forgiven unto men but the blasphemy against the Holy Ghost c. Which words are like the two mountains of Moses Mount Eâ—al and Mount Gorazim of blessing and of curses here is the sweetest mercy and the purest Justice or the Throne of Parts of the Text. Mercy and the Tribunal of Justice or here is set out two glorious Attributes of God Mercy and Justice I. You have the Throne of Mercy erected in these words The Throne of Mercy All manner of sin and blasphemy shall be forgiven wherein you have First The universality of the object not quoddam but The universality of the Object quodvis peccatum 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 every sin
so much as the mercies of heaven Nothing in the world will prevail upon a sinner if mercy doth not 4. If mercy doth not prevail a mans Damnation befalls him without all Apology Ah what a sad appearing will it be for us when we must die and stand before God and the Lord shall in that day object to us before men and Angels This is the person unto whom I freely offered the pardon of all the sins that ever he committed and offered him in the word of God that if he would leave his sins I would forgive them but he preferred his sins before my mercy For lying vanities he forsook his mercies And thy own conscience shall then testifie that thus it was I had mercy offered again and again and yet I would continue in my sins Judge what blackness of darkness and degrees of eternal confusion thou shall contract when so great a door of mercy is opened but for a lust sake thou wilt not enter in thou wilt not accept of it 2. Then no sinner hath cause sufficient to despair I know full well that before God makes us sensible of sin we are apt to No sinner hath cause sufficient to despair presume but being once made sensible we are very apt to despair It is the great art of the devil either to make us die in a senceless calm or else to perish in an unquiet storm either to make us undervalew our sins and so to slay us with security or else to undervalew mercy and so to sink us with despair Oh saith the awakened conscience my sins are so many and so great I have continued long in them gone on in them after knowledge after the invitations of mercy after the strokes of afflictions after many a secret check and bitter words from my conscience now there remains no hope no no others whose sins are fewer in number lightet in weight not edged and raised by such circumstances they may hope but I can have no confidence mercy will never look upon such a one as I am Nay but readest thou not the Text and they are the words of a Saviour That all manner of sin may find forgiveness though there because enough to despair of thy own strength yet there is no cause to despair of Gods mercy Two things only remember here 1. Despair is no remedy to any sinner It may bind on his sins the faster but never heals the soul nor easeth the conscience nor pleaseth God 2. Whatsoever thy sins have been if at length thou canst find an heart to repent God can find mercy to pardon I affirm it no sinner ever perished because God wanted skill to help but because he wanted a heart to make use of his help To perswade men to make out for pardon 3. But the main use I would make of this point is To perswade men to make out for this pardon you see here the extent of Mercy the possibility of pardon Why do you look one upon another said Jacob to his sons Behold I have heard there is corn in Egypt get you down thither that we may live and not die Why stand you amazed and backward you that are so full of spiritual wants why come you not to mercy that you may live and not die here is a store-house of mercy Behold said the servants of Benhadab We have heard that the King of Israel is a mercifull King let us go to him peradventure he will save thy life 1 King 20. 31. We hear that the King of heaven is mercifull and yet we address not our selves unto him we hear that there is Balm in Gilead yet we sue not to be healed we hear that the Arms of Christare yet open and we run not to be embraced Ah! our folly and madness that being so greatly diseased we fly our Physick that being so in deep rebellions we lay not down our weapons and submit not upon the tender of the freest pardon As I live saith the Lord I delight not in the death of a sinner Why will you die O house of Israel Why do we by lying vanities forsake our Mercies how my soul bleeds at the wretched hardness of our hearts God is mercifull and we are sinfull yea we are the more bold in sin because God is the more abundant in mercy Continue in sin because Grace doth abound Rom. 6. 1. Thus do we abuse the grace God to wantonness and bane our souls by the sweet Remedy of sin There is mercy with thee that thou mayest be feared said David and he who confesseth and forsaketh his sins shall have mercy saith Solomon and knowest thou not that the mercies of God should lead thee to Repentance saith Paul consider 1. The presence of Mercy saves not but the acceptance the offer of a pardon delivers not the Malefactor but the receiving of it only the embracing makes us happy mercy proves not mercy but by acceptance the contempt of it strangly alters it into Justice 2. The despising of mercy leaves without all excuse what hast thou to urge against God who could not urge and fasten his mercy on thy soul yes thou wouldst have a licence but not a pardon I know thou warmest thy soul with the sound of mercy not to abate but to encourage thy sinfull appetite Why dost thou not break thy arm because there is a skilfull Chirurgion or fall into the strongest diseases because there is a skilfull Physitian 3. Continuance in sin and efficacy of Mercy are inconsistent thou through thy impenitent heart in stead of mercy treasurest up unto thy self wrath against the day of wrath Rom. 2. 5. Now that which I would perswade you too is to be wise for Get your sins to be forgiven your souls and to get your sins to be forgiven and pardoned If a company of sick men did hear of an able Physitian that could and would heal them who would not be carried to him or what Malefactor is there so out-ragiously mad but that would make out to the King if he were assured that the King would pardon him Two things only I will propound Motives and Means 1. The Motives to stir us up to get our sins forgiven are these Motives 1. We are in such a case that we need pardon yea that pardon We need paâ—don should be multiplied unto us Indeed were we not sinners then we should need no forgiveness or could we of our selves make or exact satisfaction to divine Justice then might we stand off from mercy but alas we are sinners by nature and by life all our dayes are days of sin the hairs are not more on our heads then the number of our sins are on our consciences they are so many that who can tell how often he offendeth therefore we need mercy to forgive yea and we are without strength we can find strength to sin but who can discharge for those sins the price and ransom could never yet be found in any sinners
hand An unprepared condition is wofull 2. How wofull is the unpardoned condition men go on in sin and make a work of it but speak slightly of it but the truth is 1. Sin makes God our enemy therefote it is called enmity in Sin makes God our enemy Ephe. 2. and a provocation because it stirs up the wrath of God against us which wrath if it should seize on thy soul Ah miserable man then thou canst neither suffer it nor decline it Jesus Christ standing in our stead felt some of it and it made him sweat drops of blood and to cry out My God my God why hast thou forsaken me How then shall a poor weak guilty sinner stand under the fierceness of his indignation 2. Sin unpardoned makes conscience our enemy As long as the Lord Conscience our enemy hath a quarrel with us for sin conscience may not speak any peace unto us Now the Lord be mercifull unto us if the Lord should awaken thy conscience and set thy sins in order who knows what would become of thee Knowest thou the power of conscience when it is opened to behold a God angry and sin unpardoned Read the vigor of it in Cain and the terror of it in Judas how it crached their spirits and brought the one to the utmost desperation and the other to the grave and hell in despite of all former advantages 3. And who can tell how soon he may die Go and listen Who can tell how soon he may die sometimes at a dying bed the person quakes and the bed trembles and the heart sighs what is it that the man speaks so to himself Ah Lord saith he I would not die and then tears trickle down his cheeks and his heart is ready to flie in pieces But why wouldst thou not die O no my sins are many I now see them and feel the bitter wrath of God for them Oh! my sins they are not pardonable and who can dwell with everlasting burnings or stand before the holy and just God 3. What unspeakable comfort is it to have our sins forgiven It is unspeakable comfort to have sin pardoned Son said Christ Mat. 9. 4. Be of good comfort thy sins are forgiven thee When the Israelites got through the red sea and looked back and saw their enemies all drowned what reviving was this if the drowning of corporal enemies be such a cause of joy who could but kill our bodies what cause of exultation for the drowning of spiritual enemies of sins in the depths of mercy which else would have destroyed oursouls How shall I express the comfort of it David saith all in one word The man is blessed whose iniquities are forgiven Now blessedness is the center of all joy and comfort Tell me brethren what think you 1. Of freedom from hell that you shall never see the place of the damned Is that a matter of comfort why If sin be pardoned hell is discharged There is no condemnation if Remission 2. Of Gods loving kindness David said it was life nay better then life Oh what is this God is reconciled unto me in Christ he looks on me not as a Judge but as a fathet with ardent affections and compassions why if sin be pardoned God is reconciled enmity slain all differences twixt you and God are taken off 3. Of the blood of Christ Is it worth the having or of interest in Christ it is worth the enjoying why if pardoned then doubtless united to Christ and how many and great are the benefits that result and follow upon union 4 Of Peace of conscience It is a mercy that Conscience can and may speak peace chear us up assure us stand for us against men and devils Why when sin is pardoned conscience may not accuse it hath nothing to do but direct us in good ways and to comfort us with the testimonies of our pardon and Reconciliation with God 5. Of all outward mercies Oh! what a life doth a pardoned sinner live If he looks up to heaven all is peace if he looks down to earth all is comfort he hath lands and sins pardoned too wife children honours friends yea and his sins are pardoned too 6. Lastly What think you of confidence in death When you are leaving the earth then to be assured your next journey is to heaven After grace to find glory would you ever be willing to die be confident in death live in death live after death O then get your sins whatsoevet they are to be pardoned 11. The Means if you ask what may we do to get our sins The means forgiven I shall answer briefly 1. Find out your sins and know them and that is done by the study of the Law which gives us the knowledge of sin 2. Beg of God for a contrite heart so as to be sensible of sin and weary of it and broken for it The weeping woman was forgiven Luke 7. 44 47. 3. And also for a penitential heart Repent saith Peter that your sins may be blotted out Act. 3. 19. See Isa 55. 7. 4. And for a Believing heart in the Lord Jesus In whose blood and for whose sake we obtain Remission of our sins 2 Cor. 5. 20. God was in Christ reconciling the world not imputing our sins 5. And for a forgiving heart see Mat. 6. 14 15. 6. Make it a daily and vehement petition for Repentance and forgiveness as did David Psalm 51. and sue all out in the name of Christ Object But these things are hard and laborious Sol. But they are for mercy O Mercy I perish without thee and therefore I will not live without thee sleep without thee die withou thee I will pray for mercy I will go to Christ for mercy and shall it seem so grievous to me to leave a sin which will damn me to get mercy which will save me II. The Tribunal of Justice erected in these words But the Blasphemy against the holy Ghost shall not be forgiven These words are the saddest expressions of purest Justice that ever were uttered Oh what is the height what the depth of this for a sinner to rise to such a peculiar degree and form of sinning as for ever to distinguish himself from all hope of mercy never never never to he pardoned In this there are two things to be inquired into 1. What this Blasphemy against the holy Ghost is What this sin is 2. The irremissibleness of this Blasphemy Touching the first of these there are several opinions and no marvel for to find the right nature of this sin is a work not of the least difficulty In Scripturis sanctis nulla major questio nulla difficilior invenitur saith Austin 1. The Novations thought every sin after Baptism especially Quid est quod Novato succenseamus tollenti poeâ—itentiam dicentique nullam eos veniam obtinere qui post lavacrum peccant Athan. Tom. 1. in hoc subject p. 776. denial of Christ in time of perfection