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A09530 Phisicke against fortune, aswell prosperous, as aduerse conteyned in two bookes. Whereby men are instructed, with lyke indifferencie to remedie theyr affections, aswell in tyme of the bryght shynyng sunne of prosperitie, as also of the foule lowryng stormes of aduersitie. Expedient for all men, but most necessary for such as be subiect to any notable insult of eyther extremitie. Written in Latine by Frauncis Petrarch, a most famous poet, and oratour. And now first Englished by Thomas Twyne.; De remediis utriusque fortunae. English Petrarca, Francesco, 1304-1374.; Twyne, Thomas, 1543-1613. 1579 (1579) STC 19809; ESTC S114602 539,184 716

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is reckoned amongest the woorkes of synguler perfection accordyng to the saying of the Scripture Whoso offendeth not in woorde be is a perfect man In whiche thyng yee are to to often deceyued And alas therewhyle that saying of the same Apostle is to much verified That no man tan tame the tongue beyng an vnquiet mischiefe Wherefore it thrusteth you foorth headlong dayly vnto lying whom afterwarde your owne sway pricketh forwarde and next after that a false opinion of the thynges draweth you farther For there be some who with theyr very looke or speache doo couer the vitiousnesse of theyr maners whiche thyng we haue hearde of in Alcibiades and haue seene in many There be some also that cloke theyr vertues with a contrary veyle whether it be by the nature of theyr countenance or the proper austeritie of their vsual speache or by some art or studie purposely employed contrary vnto that whiche the multitude commonly desyreth For as there are manye that haue faygned them selues good so haue there lykewyse been some founde who haue counterfeited them selues to be euyll whereby they might eyther auoyde the pestilent ayre of humane fauour or escape the hatefull burden of temporall goodes whiche thyng we reade of S. Ambrose Hereunto are adioyned loue and hatred anger and enuie hope and feare with sundry other secrete affections of the mynd among these many that are altogeather vnknowen vnto vs which are alwayes enimies vnto true iudgement Adde herevnto moreouer that the prayse of the lyuyng by the expresse woorde of God through the inconstancie of this mortal lyfe is hyndred of continuance howe muche more then discommendation Hereafter therefore become slowe to prayse but more slowe to disprayse for synce eache of them as I haue said is an euyll errour yet is the last woorst Sorow I haue erred in commendyng one vnwoorthie Reason By erryng men doo learne and often tymes one errour withstandeth many errours and whyle men are ashamed to haue erred once then doo they take heede that the lyke errour take not holde of them Thou hast praysed vnaduisedly refrayne thy tongue let this commoditie at leastwyse folowe this mischiefe Sorowe I am ashamed and repent me that I haue praysed an vnwoorthie person Reason Shame and repentance and sorowe are certayne ladders and degrees vnto amendement and saluation There are fewe that can attayne into the ryght way but by wandryng through many bie wayes and therefore we haue seene many who in theyr youth were seruantes vnto voluptuousnesse in theyr olde age to become friendes vnto vertue Of vnfaythfull friendes The .xxvij. Dialogue SOROWE I Complayne of friendes Reason What wyll he doo of his foes that complayneth of his friendes Sorowe I trye my friendes to be vnfaythfull Reason Thou speakest of an impossible matter But to thynke that they were thy friendes that were not in deede is not only not impossible but a common matter Sorowe My friendes are vnfaythful Reason All the worlde is ful of suche complayntes and as for friendshyppe and infidelitie they cannot agree Who so begynneth to be vnfaythful leaueth of to be a friende or rather whiche I woulde sooner beleeue was neuer any And forasmuche as all vertues are immortall and all feignyng transitorie fayth is not taken away but feygnyng Sorowe I fynde vntrustie friendes Reason These that are falsly counted thy friendes yf nowe they first begynne to disclose theyr trayterous hartes then mayest thou reioyce to behold the ende of thyne errour but take heede in the meane whyle that the infection of the disease take not holde on thee but whatsoeuer they be preserue thou the fayth of friendshyppe and although not in respect of the vndeserued yet for thyne owne sake that hast deserued be not infected with that plague whiche thou shalt do the more willyngly yf thou doo narrowly examine thy selfe howe muche thou art greeued with theyr vnfaythfulnesse And many tymes the hatred of vice hath been an earnest prouocation vnto vertue Sorowe Vndeseruedly haue I purchased the euyll wyll of my friendes Reason Citizens are odious fellowes odious coosyns odious wyues and husbandes odious brothers and sisters are odious and fynally the chyldren are odious vnto theyr parentes and the parents to theyr chyldren And to be short there is no kinrede nor degree of friendshyp whiche cannot be infected with hatred Only sincere friendshyppe is free from this mischiefe And betweene this and the other this is the difference that all the other although they haue hatred accompanying them doo notwithstandyng continue and reteyne theyr names but yf hatred be ioyned vnto this or yf loue departe from it it can continue no longer vnder the name of friendshippe for a friende can no more be hatefull then loue can be odious Sorowe I suffer false friendes Reason If there be any hope of them suffer them vntyll suche tyme as they become trustie and loue them hartily For many with theyr luke warme loue haue vtterly quenched friendshyppe or by small trustyng haue taught other distrustinesse But if so be thou doo not profite and all hope be layde a water then vse Catoes aduice who in those friendeshyppes whereof a man hath no lykyng wylleth hym by litle and litle to ryppe them and not sodaynely to breake them of least that a double great mischiefe befall thereof in that thou hast lost thy friendes and purchased enimies vnlesse peraduenture some more vrgent cause which wyll suffer no tarriaunce doo not permit thee to followe this discrete counsel whiche yf it happen it is to be counted among the greatest troubles of friendshyp but it must be borne with a valiant mynde as all other chaunces and place muste be geuen vnto necessitie and the tyme oveyed but this chaunce is scarce knowen vnto true friendship Of vnthankeful persons The .xxviij. Dialogue SOROWE I Fynde many vnthankefull whiche is a great vice Reason To disprayse ingratitude were a needelesse matter for all mens speache doo condemne it There neede no trauayle be taken in perswadyng that whereof all men are perswaded and the opinion therof most fyrmely grafted in them Some man placeth the chiefe felicitie and some whole felicitie in vertue only and some in neither but in pleasure the enimie of vertue There be some also whiche holde opinion that chastitie is the most beautifull ornament of this lyfe Other some there be that contemne this in them selues and in others they accounte it ridiculus or truely very harde and extreeme paynful whiche S. Augustine so excellent a man as he prooued afterwarde perceyued in hym selfe where as he sayth that S. Ambrose syngle lyfe seemed paynefull vnto hym whiche vnto some other hath not only seemed a tedious but also a damnable state of lyfe Hereof commeth that example of Plato who when he had long tyme lyued a single and chaste lyfe at the last it is read howe that he sacrificed vnto nature to make an attonement with her whom he thought he had greeuously offended by lyuyng in suche order It is strange that
friendshyp whiche though it be not named by the tongue yet is it alwayes vnderstoode in the minde And yf thou wylt speake it short say friendes and there withall thou shalt say good Ioy. I thinke I haue friendes Reason Beware thou be not falsly perswaded lest haply experience make thee one day beleeue otherwyse To searche the deapth of the minde it lyeth not in mans power and now adayes ye geat friendes at the Wine and prooue them with your teares and that is last whiche shoulde haue been first Ioy. As the worlde standeth nowe with me I haue many friendes Reason Thou meanest I thynke prosperitie For thus it falleth out for the more part that although all fortune haue neede of friendes yet they haue greatest stoare of friendes that haue lesse neede of all other thynges And thus alwayes scarcitie followeth scarcitie and plentie wayteth vppon plentie When neede and pouertie commeth on then they decrease or rather to speake more truely friendshyp at that tyme is descried Who were friendes to thee and who to thy prosperitie it wyll appears when prosperitie departeth Thy friendes wyll followe thee and her friendes wyll goe after her Thyne wyll be the better but hers wyll be the greater companie Thou must not marueile yf when the Caske is drawne drye they depart whiche came only for the sweetnesse of the wine for aduersitie dryueth away a dissembler and the dregges a drynker Ioy. I seeme to haue an innumerable sort of friendes Reason It is well sayde I seeme Whereuppon ryseth this thine opinion seyng that true friendshyp among all men is rare and thyne thou sayest are innumerable For thou must thus first perswade thy selfe that there is no friendshyp but among good men and then hereby thou mayest the more certainly coniecture in thy minde I say not howe many true friendes thou hast but howe many there be in the number of all mankynde when thou shalt begynne to number howe many good men there be Ioy. I haue very many friendes Reason Many acquaintaunce say and yet howe truely thou shalt say so it is in doubt For there is no liuing thyng no wares more difficult to be knowen then man. Ioy. I haue many friendes Reason Companions perhappes or ghestes These wyl not fayle thee vnlesse thy cheare doo fayle As for friendes there be alwayes fewe or none at all and many tymes whiche is most iniurious a householde enimie possesseth the name of a friende and vnder colour of feigned good wyl there lurketh domestical treason Ioy. I haue moe friendes then neede Reason It is very necessarie and especially to be regarded of all that are in auctoritie that among so many lyes of flatterers there may be one that hare and wyll speake the trueth in whiche respect an enimie is farre more profitable then a friende Ioy. I haue many friendes Reason Beleeue mee thou hast neede of many And this worlde woulde be farre more holy vermous and quiet yf there were as many friendes as there are so accompted Ioy. I haue a friende Reason That is muche For there is nothyng more deare nor more rare then a friende Of Friendes not knowen but by report The. Li. Dialogue IOY PResent report hath purchased vnto mee absent friendes Reason This happeneth many times that report maketh not only those that a man knoweth not but also very enimies to be friendes Report made Masinissa knowen to Scipio so that he that was wont to be the leader of all the Carthagien horfemen agaynst the Romanes became afterwarde General of the Romane horsemen agaynst the Carthagiens and gatte him not only the hartes of his priuate enimies but also of theeues and Pyrates whiche are the common enimies of all the worlde For the glory and excellencie of his name drew● them vnto hym vpon whom whyle he remayned in exile at Linthern they came lorcibly rushyng in so that at the first sight they appeared terrible But when they perceyued them selues to be suspected laying aside their threamynges and settyng apart their weapons sendyng away their guarde they conformed them selues to vnaccustomed mildnesse and onely the chiefe of the theeues came vnto hym to the intent to woorshyp hym as a God and his house as a most holy Churche They weeried his victorious ryght hande with many kysses and hung vp their gyftes in the porche of his house as the custome was in those dayes to offer them vppon the aulters of the Goddes accomptyng it in steede of a great gayne that they had seene hym and reioycyng as yf they had seene an heauenly vision they departed wonderfully coutented This hapned vnto Scipio but seeke for suche another and where I pray thee wylt thou finde hym How be it it may happen also vnto others and the excellencie of a mans fame may winne hym the freendshyppe of one that is absent for I doo not deny but that report beareth great sway in the worlde Notwithstandyng is it not muche to be feared lest that as one sayth Presence doo diminishe the report Howe many haue there been whom absent men haue woondred at and contemned them when they haue seene them before theyr face Mans iudgement is a tender thyng and is easily turned Ioy. Report hath wonne mee freendes beyonde the Alpes and beyonde the Seas Reason All your dooynges are almost of lyke fondnesse and vanitie For what commoditie or profite shalt thou reape by hym of whom thou wast neuer seene nor neuer shalt be seene and whom thou neuer sawest nor neuer art lyke to see your vices also doo make your present freendshippes vnprofitable and vntrustie although to say the trueth they be no true freendshyppes in deede but are only so rearmed What mayest thou hope then of these thy freendshyppes Beholde the Comicall Poet sayeth that Courtesie winneth freendes but truely true freendes in deede are scarce obtayned with great and manifolde courtesies and thou thynkest that thou hast gotten a freende with a fewe woordes and those possible none of thyne owne thou art too ful of hope Ioy. Report hath brought me a freende from the farthest part of the worlde Reason A contrary report wyll also take hym away from thee and so muche the more easily by howe muche mens eares are more commonly open to euyll then good reportes Ioy. Fame hath gotten me a good freende Reason How knowest thou how good he is whom thou neuer sawest seeyng that thou knowest not all this whyle what they be whom thou speakest vnto dayly and art conuersant withal Your óuer quicknesse of beleefe oftentymes deceyueth you ye soone beleeue that whiche you woulde haue Ye geue muche credite to lying fame Thou hopest that thou seest his minde whose face thou neuer yet sawest notwithstanding that there be so many secret couertes and hydden places in the hartes of those that are very wel acquainted It is an hard matter to knowe a freende but in great aduersitie and it is more difficult to knowe him then to get hym For perhappes he may be gotten some time with
warnyng namely that hereby thou mayest make prouision agaynst darkenesse whiche is nowe but transitorie since thou takest it in so yll part least haply thou be constrayned to endure euerlastyng darkenesse Sorowe I am troubled with fyre from heauen with hayle and stormes Reason These and suche lyke make vnto an wholesome feare or yf ye contemne them vnto reuenge Heare this one thyng Fyre Brymstone and the breath of stormes are the portion of their cup. Heare also another saying Fire hayle famine and death al these make to reuenge Sorow I am frighted with tempestes of the sea Reason Doo not herein accuse nature but eyther thyne owne follie or couetousnesse for who constrayneth thee thereunto Sorow I am molested with darke cloudes and contrarie windes Reason Thou wast borne in darkenesse and in darkenesse shalt thou dye and lyuest betweene the wyndes of contrarie tempestes learne to suffer that at length whiche thou alwayes sufferest perforce Sorowe I am shaken with thunder and lyghtnyng Reason Herein there is more then weerisomnesse In the first truely a great feare contemned of none but of some fooles but in the seconde is death And therefore some haue iudged that none complayne of lyghtnyng but suche as want experience And who is so mad I pray thee vnlesse he be to farre gone that standeth not in feare of them both seeing that among the auncient Romanes whiche were a most valiant kynde of people it was prouided by an auncient statute that there should be no assemblies of the people holden to choose officers or otherwyse whyles Iupiter thundred from heauen Howbeit vnlesse this feare tende to the amendment of lyfe it is vnprofitable For what can feare auayle where there is no redresse of the thyng feared Wherefore the matter must be thus applyed that although it thunder and lyghten by natural causes neuerthelesse it must be iudged to be a warnyng from hym who beyng tyed vnto no causes is hym selfe the fountayne and cause of al causes To this ende therefore doth he thunder in heauen that thou shouldest lyue well vpon the earth and driuyng away forgetfulnesse acknowledge the wrath of God and do that at leastwyse for feare which thou oughtest too do for loue Complayne not a lyke of good and euyl thinges it is expedient for you beleeue me that it thunder often and it is left in wrytyng vnto posteritie that it thundreth very often the same yeere wherein the assured aduersarie of God and al godlinesse Domitian the Emperour died not that ye should cry out as he dyd Let him now strike whom he lust but that ye may appease the wrath of God with penitent teares humble prayer Sorow I am greeued with the conuersation mirth of drunkardes Reason That wine maketh glad the hart of man that Bacchus is the geuer of mirth although Dauid Virgil had neuer spoken it very experience maketh it knowen And although that likewise be true whiche not so eloquent but a more holy Poet spake The flowyng of a ryuer cheareth the citie of God yet is there more feruent ioye and ioyful gladnesse as the Philosophers terme it in a fewe caskes of strong wynes then in many streames of running water whiche are conteyned within the ryuers and I confesse that there is nothyng more lamentable then the mirth of drunkardes and nothyng more vayne then typlers and Tauerners whom Cicero very wel calleth the dregges of cyties whiche notwithstandyng a man must suffer or els he must forsake cities or otherwyse flye from the market and place of iudgement or at the leastwyse from the streetes and haunt of Tauernes euen as he woulde doo from so many rockes Sorow I am oppressed with resort and importunate concurse of citizens Reason It is a sauage and vnnaturall wyshe to seeke thy countreyes desolation that thou thy selfe mayest lyue at lybertie For the very same cause as thou knowest in the olde tyme was the sister of Appius Claudius punished shee that was last celebrated among writers for an innocent and truly as this is an vngodly wish and deserueth punishment so to auoyde the weerisomnes of thronges and cities and it occasion so require to depart awhile out of the way is a poynt of modestie and frequented of the wise Sorowe I am greeued with a long suite and slow iudgment Reason To what ende was daying of matters deuised but to ende strife and to remedie the slacknes of iudgment Sorowe I am worne with wofull and troublesome strife Reason Thou hast vsed apte and conuenient tearmes for thy selfe For where strife and contention is there can be nether ioy nor quietnesse Thou if thou wylt liue out of stryfe auoyde the cause of stryfe Couetousnesse engendreth contention and nourisheth it when it is engendred Of an earthquake The .xci. Dialogue SOROWE I Am afrayd of an earthquake Reason This is I confesse a great discommoditie of dame nature and not without cause abandoned of al parentes which although it be more greeuous yet for that it happeneth but seldome the rarenesse thereof may stand in some steede of a remedie Many tymes the sorowful countenance of heauen foretelleth an earthquake at hande but precisely there is no token nor forewarnyng thereof although it be reported that Pherecydes foretolde of one to come by drynkyng a draught of water out of a well Moreouer agaynst the threatnynges of heauen caues vnder the ground perhaps doo yeelde some succour the lyke whereof we reade was Augustus Caesars denne into whiche he fledde for feare of thunder whiche is yet seene at Rome in the way Flaminia and keepeth the aucthours name vnto this day but from an earthquake no flight can serue no lurkyng places can preuayle For poore man that is made of the earth whyther shal he flye out of the earth or what shal become of hym yf the heauen thunder ouer hym and the earth tremble vnder hym vnlesse perhaps some wyl aduise hym to goe to the sea whiche is also partaker of the varietie of heauen earth and also vnquiet by it owne motion Feare Thou tellest me no remedies as thou wast woont to do but amplifiest the daungers Reason I supposed thou wouldest thinke so and doubtlesse so it is in deede There be some thynges that may be dissembled and extenuated in woordes that although by report they haue seemed greeuous yet in effect they may appeere at one tyme tollerable at another contemptible and truely this whereof I now intreate is such a one as by it owne force it refuseth the argumentes of mans eloquence but one comfort as I haue sayde is the seldomenesse thereof Thou hast seene welnygh an whole age without any earthquakes duryng whiche tyme there is no doubt but that there haue dyed innumerable who in al their lyfe tyme though they haue hearde the name of so terrible a matter yet neuer were made afearde with the sight thereof But who is not mooued when he heareth or reedeth eyther those auncient histories or these of latter tyme the memorie