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A61104 Chrysomeson, a golden meane, or, A middle way for Christians to walk by wherein all seekers of truth and shakers in the faith may find the true religion independing upon mans invention, and be established therein : intended as a key to Christianity, as a touchstone for a traveller, as a probe for a Protestant, as a sea-mark for a sailor : in a Christian dialogue between Philalethes and his friend Mathetes, seeking satisfaction / by Benjamin Spencer ...; Way to everlasting happinesse Spencer, Benjamin, b. 1595? 1659 (1659) Wing S4944; ESTC R13439 363,024 312

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So the Arrians who denied the consubstantiality and coeternity of Christ with the Father and such as did deprave the form of baptism saying I baptize thee in the name of the Father by the Son Niceph. hist l. 10. c. 35. in the Spirit the baptisme of such indeed is vaine and no baptisme but the baptisme of those that hold the foundation of faith as the Novatians did but built not rightly upon it yet kept the true form of baptizing such might be admitted into the Church again without rebaptization because there is but one truth faith and baptisme Again another error rose up about the year 380. Donatus by Donatus and his disciples Donatus was Bishop of Numidia and held that the true Church was only among those in Africa that held with him contrary to that universall donation which God gave to Christ by promise Psal 2. I will give thee the heathen for thine inheritance and the uttermost parts of the earth for thy possession Optatus whom Optatus Bishop of Milevitane confuted in the time of Valentinian the Emperour Also this Donatus affirmed that all that had been baptized in the universall Church save by those of his party ought to be rebaptized whose error the Anabaptists still follow These were worse then the other for they were not only schismaticks but hereticks also for they denied that Article of the Creed which confesseth the Church Catholick yet our Brownists and Anabaptists in these latter times follow their steps by refusing communion with the Church of England and in their uncharitable censures of all that are not of their party Aug. ep 50. as also in defacing the Churches and breaking down Communion Tables for a third error sprung up 1525. by the Anabaptists in Germany of whom I have spoken already They held that children ought not to be baptized til they came to ripe age and can give account of their faith These are very deeply plunged in this old error yea more then any of the former for they not only nullifie all baptisme by Papists or Protestants but deny baptisme to infants also which neither the Novatians nor Donatists did Mathe. But what say you to the third tenet That there ought to be no set form of Praier or Liturgy in the Church Phila. I shall prove that such set forms may be in the Church 1. By Scriptures 2. Antiquity And 3. By reason 1. By Scriptures Liturgy proved lawfull God set a form of blessing the people Num. 6.23 So of confession Deut. 26.5 and of praier Hos 14.2 and Joel 2.17 And therefore the Church may imitate God in this she having the spirit of supplication poured upon her though such forms be not indited to her by immediate infusion Beside we find in Scriptures that holy men of themselves did without any prescription from God set down forms of praier and praises as Moses Num. 10.35 36. and David set Psalms to be sung at certain times as Psal 92. a song for the Sabbath day and Psal 102. is a Psalm for the afflicted So we find some called Psalms of degrees which they sung when the Priests went up the steps to the Temple This they did and yet no doubt could pray by the spirit also In the New Testament also Cyp. de orat dom Christ not only set us a rule to pray by Mat. 6.9 but as a form to use Luke 11.2 When ye pray say our Father c. And Christ used a form thrice saying the same words Mat. 26.39 So the Apostle used a form saying The grace of the Lord Jesus Christ be with you and so in many Epistles 2. It may be proved by antiquity and modern history that the Churches from the Apostles had set forms that they might with one mind and one mouth glorifie God Rom. 15.6 And some think that the form of sound words committed to Timothy was some symbole of faith or form of Liturgy But however it is plain that in the first hundred yeers Victorinus Sciaticus in praef Laturg Clem in Epi. ad Corinth Hegesippus both the Greek and Latine East and West Church had set forms which some write they received from the Apostles And surely James chosen Bishop of Jerusalem by the Apostles had not the name of Liturgus given him for nothing some say from a Liturgy that he composed So likewise in the next age we find that the Christians met every Lords day and had certain select places of scripture read to them and had common praiers beside the ministers particular conceived praier and also sung Psalms So Ignatius writing to the Magnesians an Epistle generally confessed to be his saith Iust Mart. apol 2. ad Antoninum Imperat. and chargeth them to meet all in one place and to have one common praier and to meet in one faith and one hope unblameable in Jesus Christ and so to run as if all were but one to the Church as to one Altar and one Jesus Christ This man suffered martyrdome in the year 107. after Christ And as in the former times they had their common praiers 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Tertul. apol c. 30. so they had also prescribed praiers as appears in the forms of their praiers for Emperours recited by Tertullian and the short antiphonas and responsories which we find in St Cyprians which are retained in our Liturgies to this time Magd. hist cent 3. viz. Lift up your hearts saith the Minister at the Communion the people answered We lift them up to the Lord. He lived about the year 250. Then next in the time of Constantine the great about 300. and odd years after Christ He commanded praiers to be made in a set form for the welfare of the Empire Euse Eccl. hist lib. 4. c. 19. and the propagation of the Gospell and thanksgivings for that God had given him victory over all the tyrants and persecuters of the Church and he himselfe made a form for his souldiers to say every day And farther the Councill of Laodicea about 368. called after the death of Jovinian the Emperor set down rules that one and the same service should be used morning and evening And when some began to make use of extempore praiers of their own and left the common forms then the Milevitane Councill assembled afterward in the raign of Arcadius about some 400 years after Christ whereof St Austin Bishop of Hippo was president and wherein the hereticks Pelagius and Caelestius who held that man had power and free will to do good without the support of grace were sufficiently confuted This Councill I say made orders that none should in the Churches use any other praiers but those that were composed by the Synod and gives this reason lest some by ignorance or want of care might utter something in the Church that might be dissonant from the Catholike faith to which order not only Presbyters but also Bishops were to be subject After this in the next age Basil
child placed neer the Liver for the better concoction of the milk and neer the heart to excite the mothers affection the more to the child and childs affection the more to the mother whom she may justly adjure upon just occasion by the paps which they have sucked when she so lovingly embraced them which no bruit can do Mathe. What contemplation yieldeth the inward parts Phila. The Lungs by which we breath and speak being placed neer the heart sheweth that speech is the interpreter of the heart and therefore we should not breath out one thing and think another but every man speak truth to his neighbour and not practise equivocations and mentall reservations So the ribs shew the care of God to defend the vitall parts comprized in the heart and the liver well expressed in Scripture by Abner his smiting Asahel under the fifth rib and Ioabs smiting him and also Amasa in the same place and by the souldiers piercing Christ there about that rib where hangs the Pericardia out of which issued water and blood to all which pectorals John 19.34 Vid. Syria-Paraphra if we add the breast-plate of righteousnesse the spirituall heart will be the safer So the bowels may mind us of the bowels of compassion which Christ had Mark 6.34 when his bowels did yearn at the peoples want of provision so the word signifieth for he was a merciful High-Priest Heb. 4.15 So the hungry gut should put us in mind of fasting till we feel that part complain and remember us what affliction of soule we should suffer for offending God But as one is called a blind gut so the belly is said to want ears to hear this doctrin such like the Cyclops know no God but their belly So our kidnies which are the most secretly enclosed should teach us to walk sincerely with God who searcheth the reins Psal 139. lest we like hypocrites have God neer in our mouths but put him far from our reins Ier. 12.1 For want of this we see what man is come to as appears in Psal 5.9 and Rom. ● 13 His throat is an open sepulchre seet swift to shed blood his right hand is a hand of falshood a womans beauty is like a jewell of gold in a swines snout We find the proverb too true the properest man at the gallowes and the fairest woman in the stewes So that we may cry out O most excellent soul what a vile lodging hast thou gotten The five senses that have their beginning from common sense which can judge of all objects absent as the five do of the object present are all worthy our consideration as to behold how every organ of sense hath his proper object the Eie colors the Ear sounds the Tongue meats pleasant or not pleasant the Nose odours or evill savours the Nerves are especially the seat of feeling as well as the means of motion and therefore they being in every part the sense of feeling is in every part and the other four are in the head only and though they be so neer in seat to each other yet one invadeth not another nor can do as the other These since mans fall are become brokers to set our hearts to sale to the devill and the world for the price of a few momentany delights and so the precious soul would be ravished out of Christs hands but the spirit of God interposeth and by the word of God insureth us of the interpellation of the Son of God by which he hath promised to marry our souls to himselfe in righteousness and everlasting glory So the heart of man is the seat of passions a choice vessell that is first formed in generation and first reformed in spirituall regeneration And as it first lives so it dieth last So the life of grace first begins there and is last left there This is that which God strives for against the devill the world and the flesh as Michael did with the devill for Moses body Iude 9. But when we answer Gods request who crieth to us Myson give me thy heart then the battell ceaseth This heart before the fall was like the holy land upon which God set his eies day and night or like the Ark from which God gave his Oracles for the answer of the heart is from the Lord or like a throne where God ruleth by his scepter of righteousnesse or like Moses Tables wherein God writes his Law But since the fal that man set up Idols in his heart God hath turned it as Iehu did the house of Baal into a draught house so that now as it is full of all uncleannesse so out of it proceeds by nature nothing else Mat. 15. It was once wise now a foolish heart and ful of darkness Rom. 1. It was once more inclinable to the right but now the left hand Eccles 10.2 which makes us do all things sinisterly Mathe. Whether was mans body immortall before the fall Phila. Not essentially for so only God is immortall nor by the gift of creation as the Angels and the souls of men are but potentially only and upon condition if he had continued in obedience which he not doing his body cannot be made immortall now but by the gift of a new creation which will be at the resurrection So that his body was immortall naturally so long as he kept the condition of immortality It is true his body might have died before the fall for it was as possible to die as he was possible to fall But this possibility would never have been reduced into act if he had not fallen For as the Angels could not die neither was it necessary they should die so Adam might have died but it was not necessary that without sin he should have died so being corrupted by sin it was necessary he should die but not before he fell For we see by the reliques of immortality left in Adam that the Fathers before the flood lived a mighty great age as Adam to 930 years and Methuselah lived 969. which was not so many moons as some think for then they had hardly reached the age of man and so the world would have been a long time peopling and though Adam might well beget Sheth about twelve years after his creation because he was made at first a perfect man yet if Adam begat not his third son till he was 130. moons old surely then Sheth began too young who at 105. years from his birth begate Enos which by the moons account was but eight years and five months But sure their age was measured by the years of the Sun i. twelve months to a year And it is no more wonderfull then that Israels cloths should last forty years in the wildernesse Deut. 29.5 And the manna in the golden pot many hundreds of years Joseph's bones 215. years Joshua 24.32 And the mummies of Egypt are kept by art so many 1000. years in full proportions as when alive What could not God have done to the body of
as ready to do as much for them if need required The last thing there was the golden Censer Levit. 16.12 and Heb. 9.4 This vessell pertained only to the High Priest all the other were of brasse Num. 16.39 and then to be used when he entred into the most holy once in a yeare Lev. 16.2 12 13. This no doubt signified the meritorious obedience of Christ through which all the praiers of Saints is offered and accepted of God Rev. 7.2 Haymo in Apoc. v. 1. We find him therefore set forth by an Angell comming up from the East called also the Angell of the Covenant Rev. 8.3 having a golden Censer full of odours to offer up with the praiers of all Saints The cloud of this incense may signifie the cloud of praiers offered up by the cloud of faithfull witnesses Heb. 12.1 which being dissolved by the Sun of righteousnesse falleth down in drops of grace and blessings upon the Church So the fiering of the odours with those coles which were taken from the Altar only signifieth that one only spirit of God which can only set our devotions on a flame And Gods revealing himselfe in that cloud of incense may well mind us of the assurance the faithfull have to meet with God in their praiers when they meet with one heart in devotion to glorifie God the Father of our Lord Jesus Christ Rom. 15.6 Mathe. How was the hope of Gods promise continued beside by Covenant and Types Phila. I told you by promises and prophecies Mathe. Which are they Phila. Those that concern Christs Nativity Death and Resurrection and Ascension The first promise of him was in Paradise The seed of the woman shall break the Serpents head i. his crafts and policies to hinder mans happinesse And this Christ did by acting contrary to Satan as setting up humility against pride and truth against falsehood the one was seen in his birth Luke 2.7 and the other in his answer to Satans temptations Mat. 4. For this seed of the woman was Christ born in the fulnesse of time Gal. 4.4 A full time indeed for now was the scepter departed from Judah to Herod who was but a Proselyte and a stranger sprung from an Idumean and Arabian woman and so old Jacobs prophecie fulfilled Gen. 49.10 that then should Shiloh come i. one sent to save or the sonne of the Secundine to shew his virgin-birth A full time it was also in regard of the world of men who were now grown ripe and to a full age to take possession of Gods promises of Christ in whom they were to be made heires though before they lived under Tutors and governors of legall ceremonies Yea a full time too in respect of the course of heaven if Astronomers may be beleeved who say that the stars were now come to their proper periods and stations and so there might have been a full end of all But God that Christ might be fully known grants the world a new lease and makes Christ the Landlord of these last times by giving him the heathen for his inheritance c. Psal 2. by their beleeving his Gospell Mathe. But before you proceed make it appear to me 1. That the Scepter was not gone from Judah till now 2. What necessity of Christ to be born of a Virgin Phila. I answer That you are rightly to understand Judahs Scepter For by Judah must be understood not only the whole body of the Jewes but also the Tribe royall assigned by Jacob to regality which before nor a great while after was not so For at first from Adam to Moses Gen. 9.25 the fathers of the family executed Princely and Priestly office among their own people as Noah cursed Cham and Abraham banished Hagar and Ismael Gen. 21.10 Judah judged Thamar to be burned Gen. 38.24 But in Moses this prerogative did cease and was transferred to Moses and Aaron being of the Tribe of Levi Moses was as King Deut. 33.5 and Aaron as Priest So Joshua was a Duke and Captain Generall Aug. de eivit Dei l. 18. c. 22. After him succeeds Judges which for the time they held exercised absolute authority and their state lasted about 329. years In the interegnum or space of time between one Judges decease and anothers election matters were judged by the great Sanedrim or seventy Elders and so was at that time Aristocraticall Then from the surceasing of Judges began Kings of which Saul was first and David next by Gods especiall appointment Zepper leg mosaiea l. 3. c. 6 whose race held it as Kings till the Captivity of Babylon about 520. years From the Captivity of Babylon to the comming of Christ was about 536. years wherein the Jewes state was much confused For sometimes they were ruled by Deputies setled among them by the Persian Monarchs who had conquered the Babylonian whose last Monarch was Belshazzer Dan. 5.30 And Darius the Mede succeeds Dan. 6.1 and 9.1 and after him Cyrus his Kinsman and Lievetenant Generall of all his forces as appears Dan. 10.1 that he was King of Persia to which he translated the Kingdome of the Medes This great Potentate according to the prophecie of him Isa 44.28 sent the Jewes back from captivity to build Jerusalem and the Temple by his Edict Ezra 1.1 2. They were conducted by Zorobabel and others Ezra 1.2 together with Nehemiah and Seraiah and Mordecai The successors of Zorebabel by appointment of the Persian authority was Mesullam Hananiah Berechia and Hosadia all of the seed of David After their time as the Persian Bear had devoured the Assyrian Lyon Dan. 7.4 so the Grecian Leopard tramples down the Persian Bear This Leopard was the Greek Monarchy especially Alexander the Great shewed by the horn in the forehead of that Goat pushing the Persian Ram Dan. 8.5 6. which having done his Empire was divided into four heads as that beast had four heads and the other four horns which sprung up after the foremost horn was broken off together with a little blaspheming horn 1 Mach. 1.10 thought to figure out Antiochus Epiphanes as the other four horns figured Alexanders four Captains which divided his Empire Funcii Chronolog Seder Olam minus By Alexander and his successors were appointed ten Deputies more over Judea and they were also it is thought of Davids linage But by the Tyranny of Antiochus the land was much confounded 1 Mac. 2.1 cap. 3.1 so that the government devolved to Mattathias a Priest and his son for their zeale to the Law and their people Yet was not the scepter of government gone from Iudah that is from all Israel for these had the scepter of government among them though not residing in one man of Iudahs line principally But now Daniels fourth beast with ten horns the Roman Monarchy had trampled all the rest under and the Jewes were now become tributaries to Caesar Augustus and by favour of Anthony Herod the son of Antipater is made
he was betraied into the hands of sinners and cut off from the land of the living Isa 53.8 and made his soule an offering for sin Isa 53.10 After sixty two weeks said Daniel shall Messiah be cut off but not for himselfe Dan. 9.25 26. that is if you mark the verses the Angel allots seven weeks for rebuilding of the Temple which is forty nine years reckoned of the Jewes but forty six years Iohn 2.20 because they reckoned not the first three years when the foundation was but laid by Cyrus his edict and the work staied again by Artaxerxes Longimanus Ezra 4.7 till they had got a second Edict Ezra 6.1 from Darius Nothus Then the Angell allots to the former seven weeks sixty two weeks more which is about 434. years in all 483. or thereabout in the end whereof Christ suffered on the crosse to make an end of sin and finish transgression and to make reconciliation for iniquity and to bring in everlasting righteousnesse This scourging wounding and piercing was foreseen also by Isa 53.5 he was bruised for our iniquities and chastised for our peace And saith Zach. 12.12 they shall look on him whom they have pierced for a souldier pierced his side as well as others did his hands and feet when they nailed them to the crosse So his very carrying of his crosse John 19.34 was typed out by Isaac carrying the wood to sacrifice himself upon Gen. 22.9 10. And as Abraham stretched out his hand to slay his son so God loved the world that he gave his Son Iohn 3.16 and he himself became obedient to the death of the crosse Numb 21.9 And as Moses lifted up the brazen serpent in the wildernesse for the curing of the people upon a pole John 12.32 John 14. so was Christ lift up on the crosse for the saving of us who were bitten by Satan and sin also So also his Resurrection had a type as Isaac taken from the Altar and restored safe and sound to Abraham the third day after that he was assigned to death Gen. 22.4 of whom it is said that Abraham received him again in a figure Heb. In what figure but only of him that was to come of his seed in whose death and resurrection all nations should be blessed So Ionah the first Prophet who lived in the time of Ieroboam the second 2 Kin. 14.25 and the first Prophet sent to the Gentiles to Niniveh who because he diverted to Tarsus was swallowed of a great fish in whose belly he remained till the third day after and for so long time the grave swallowed Christ but then he arose and so his flesh saw no corruption Psal 16. and that might well be without a miracle if the body be not accidentally corrupted before it be dead as in violent deaths commonly men are not Now Christ lay not in the grave above 40. hours and commonly dead bodies corrupt not til about seventy hours and this sheweth that he rose within three daies and so saw no corruption as the Psalmist said Psal 16. which is expounded plainly so by St Peter Acts 2.31 And as Isaiah had also foretold that the dead men should live and with Christs body they should come so they did Mat. 27.52 53. Thus Christ conquered death in his own Kingdome as said Hosea 13.14 and death had no more dominion over him Rom. 6.9 because he was now swallowed up into victory 1 Cor. 15.55 And thus as God spake to the great fish and it cast out Ionah on the dry land Jon. 2.10 so the temple of Christs body which the Jewes destroied he rebuilt in three daies And for his Ascension as it was prophecied so it was accomplished Eliah was a type of it 2 Kin. 2.11 being taken up in a fiery Chariot so Christ was taken up out of his disciples sight into heaven Luke 24.51 as was prophecied in Psal 68.18 Thou hast ascended up on high and led captivity captive So he was taken away his disciples beholding it at first Acts 1.9 but after a cloud took him out of their sight And now he sits on Gods right hand foretold Psal 110.1 and averred in Mark 16.19 And from him the Holy Ghost like a most gracious rain from heaven hath fallen upon his Apostles Acts 2.15 16. and upon many thousands of beleevers as was foreprophecied Joel 2.18 and typed forth by the spirit of Eliah resting upon Elisha 2 Kin. 1.13 5. Even so God hath sent forth the spirit of his Son into your hearts baptizing us with the Holy Ghost and as blessed fire from heaven giving some the gift of tongue Acts 2.4 others to prophecie some to teach others to learn and increase in faith and the love and knowledge of the Lord Jesus Christ Mathe. Now as you have shewed the Promises Types and Prophecies and history of Christs Conception Birth Death Resurrection and Ascension shew me also the mystery of godlinesse intended thereby in relation to Christians And first of all I desire to understand rightly his Conception for therein lieth a great mystery wherein our understanding is easily lost if we be not rightly directed For how can one person in the Trinity be conceived or become incarnate without the other two seeing the divine nature is not divided but is in each person totally Phila. The divine nature cannot be divided for substance but in the manner of subsistence it is distinguished For it is after one manner in the Father i. unbegotten After another manner in the Son 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 because in him it is begotten i. communicated by divine generation After another manner in the Holy Ghost because proceeding from both John 15.16 Now we are to beleeve that the humane nature is assumed by the divine nature as considered only in the Son as he enjoieth it being the perfect image of the Father Heb. 1.1 2 3. and so being the naturall Son of God was most fit to be the son of man and so thereby restore the sons of men by adoption to be made the sons of God Yet we are to beleeve that all the Trinity had a hand in it John 1.12 for the Father wrought it by the holy Ghost but the Son only assumed it as three folks may make one garment and yet but one of the three wear it Mathe. But the Conception is applied to the Holy Ghost and so I am apt to beleeve that the Holy Ghost was his Father Phila. He was conceived by the Holy Ghost effectually not materially he caused it to be but gave not any matter out of himselfe to the nature of Christ so that he was conceived by the power of the Holy Ghost uniting the natures divine and humane together Bernard Damascen not by generation but by institution and benediction and operation not spermatically as other fathers beget children So it is said Rom. 11.36 all things are of God yet not of his substance but by his power so that we