Charles V. after the overthrow of Loüis the Young in the Plain of Mohacz was proclaimed King of Hungary by Stephen Bathori Palatin of the Kingdom and by the sounder part of the Nobility John Zapoliha Vaivod of Transilvania having been before tumultuarily elected by the rest The same year Ferdinand made himselt Master of the greatest part of the Kingdom and of Buda the Capital City of which he made Thomas Nadasti Governour until the year 1529. that Solyman took it by the Treachery of the Garrison and shortly after laid siege to Vienna which he was forced shamefully to raise after he had made many Bâ—oody Assaults From whence retreating to Buda he re-established John Vaivod of Transilvania in the Kingdom having left in Buda Gritti a Renegado with three Thousand Janisaries to defend it in Name of the Vaivod Afterwards Ferdinand King of Bohemia made General Rogendorf besiege it in the year 1530. but in vain In the year 1540. he commanded his General Leonard Fessius to Besiege it a second time having first possest himself of the Forts of Vicegrad Vaccia and Pest and John Zapoliha being dead the year before who left for his Successor John Sigismond a Pupil under the tuition of the Princess Isabel his Mother and George Monck but Fessius having there endured the fatigues of a long and troublesom Siege was again obliged to draw off In the year 1541. General Rogendorf renewed the Siege again a Third time but upon the coming of Solyman he thought it best to retreat In the mean time that Ottoman Prince surprised the Town by Cunning drove the young Prince and his Mother out of it and sent them to Reign in Transilvania publishing that he would keep it until John Sigismond the Son of John Zapoliha the Usurper were of Age. In the year 1542. the Marquess of Brandebourgh made as if he intended to Besiege Buda and in that design marched towards it He attacked Pest on his march but in vain and retreated without any success The Count of Swartzenbourgh haing in the Month of March 1598. by a Wonderful Stratagem retaken Javarin or Raab from the Turks marched the same year in the Month of October under the Auspices of the Archduke Matthias and laid Siege to Buda which after thirty days Attack he was forced to raise because of the continual Rains And it is remarkable that the Turks who at the same time Besieged the Town of Waradin in Transilvania were likewise obliged to quit their Enterprise for the same Reason The Christians again attacked that Town in the year 1602 under General Roswurm but having ruined the Bridge ever the Danube and possessed the Town of Pest the Rigour of the Season obliged them to desist from their Design The Duke of Lorrain Generalissimo of the Imperial Armies attempted the Siege of the same place having first made himself Master of the Castle of Vicegrad Vaccia and Pest and thrice defeated the Ottoman Army but the Season being too far advanced that he might not endanger the Army he thought it convenient to raise the Siege in the Month of October 1684. The Council of Buda Philip Bishop of Fermo of the holy See being sent by Nicholas III. for treating some important Affairs with Ladislaus III. King of Hungary in the year 1279. celebrated a Council at Buda the Constitutions whereof to the Number of Thirty six Oldericus Rainaldus hath put at the end of the 14. Tome of the Ecclesiastical Annals Churches or Funf-Kerken and some other places burnt Siget and besieged Canisa which he would have infallibly taken had the Succours that were promised him been sent to him The Grand Visier having Intelligence of that siege advanced with a great Army made him raise it and then took Fort Serini which was afterwards demolished little Gomora and other Places VICEGRAD The Latins call it Vissegradia and the Germans Plindenburg It is a strong Town built upon a very high Rock the Danube running by the Foot of it and lies above Buda and below Strigonium In this place there is a Castle upon a little Hill where the Abbey of Pily stands also Heretofore the Crown of Hungary was kept there that Town in former times having been the place of Residence of the Kings of Hungary and the Remains of the Ruines of a very stately Building of Free Stone are still to be seen there The Forces of the Arch-Duke Matthias re-took that place in the Reign of Mahomet III. But the Heydukes committed a piece of the greatest Treachery imaginable and delivered it up into the hands of the Turks in the time of Sultan Achmet Charles King of Naples who was also proclaimed King of Hungary having been wounded in the Head by Forchatz was carried into that Castle where under pretext of applying a Plaister to his Head they strangled him The Crown of Hungary was heretofore kept at Vicegrad but the Turks having advanced so far it was thought safer to put it into the Castle of Presbourg This Crown is of a pretty singular shape for it is very low and hath a Cross on the top with four leaves that go compleatly round it of which one is as big as the other three or at least as two of them It is infinitely esteemed by the Hungarians because they believe that an Angel brought it to their King St. Stephen and the most August Emperour Leopold who reigns at present is the two and fourtieth King that hath been crowned with that Crown S. MARTINSBERG Is a pretty handsom Town and a very strong place seated on the Top of a very high Hill from whence all the Countrey about may be discovered It lies betwixt the Fort of Raab and the Town of Dotis DOTIS Dotis Tata or Theodata is but four Leagues from Comora it hath a Castle with Ditches round it and not far from thence there are some natural Baths It lies betwixt S. Martinsberg and the Danube hath been often taken and re-taken and belongs to his Imperial Majesty The Count of Salms General of the Imperial Army took it in the year 1565. with the Town of Vesprim VESPRIM In Latin Vesprinium and in High-Dutch Weisbrun is a little pretty strong Town lying near the head of the River Sarwis and the Lake Balaton eleven Leagues from Strigonium and five from Alba Regalis being the Seat of a Bishop Suffragan to Strigonium it is the capital of the County of its Name and hath a strong Castle upon the top of a little Hill belonging to his Imperial Majesty The Count of Salms took it in the year 1565. with the Town of Dotis PAPA A little Town but strong defended by a Castle and lying in the County of Vesprim upon the River of Malchaltz it belongs to the Emperour SARWAR This place lyes upon the Raab betwixt Papa and Sabaria under Obedience to the Emperour having been re-taken in the year 1567. SABARIA Is an Ancient Town in the County of Iron Castle lying at the concourse of the two Rivers of Guntz and Regnitz
and sprinkled with Holy Water by the Clergy of Hungary The Train of the Empress came after before whom Count John Draskowich walked with the Scepter in place of Count Draskowich the Steward of the Kingdom went before The Counts Stephen Zichy and Christopher Erdedy both Keepers of the Crown came next with the Lords who carried the Royal Jewels upon Cushions of Crimson Velvet Count Illishazi carried the Silver Cross Count Nicholas Erdedy the Scepter the Palatin of Hungary the Crown and Count Nicholas Draskowich the Globe of the Empire The Empress came after these led by the Duke of Diederichstein Master of the Palace The Countess of Rapach chief Governante carried up her Train which was embroidered with Gold Diamonds and Pearls and after her came the Palatiness and other Ladies of Court. The Emperess was received at the Entry into the Church by the Arch-Bishops of Colocza and Neutra who led her to the Throne In the mean time the Emperour having taken his place on the side of the Gospel went also to his Throne in the middle of the Quire over against the great Altar behind the Throne sate the Palatiness with the chief Governante and other Ladies of Court in Chaires prepared for them On the left hand of the Empresses Throne were the Lords of Hungary who carried the Jewels of the Kingdom which were taken from them by the Arch-Bishop who put them upon the Altar Before the Throne there was a Silver Stool where the Domestick Crown which was brought to the Church under a Cover was placed That being done the Gospel was read at the end whereof the Emperour went to the Altar with the Crown on his Head the Scepter in his Right Hand and the Globe in the Left and presented the Empress to the Arch-bishops to be crowned When his Imperial Majesty had taken his place the Empress advanced towards the Altar assisted by the Arch-bishops and kneeled upon the first Step whilst the Arch-bishop of Gran kissed the end of the Cross and presented her the Scepter and Globe of the Empire which she took the Scepter in her right hand and the Globe in the left the Prelate all the while saying some Prayers That Ceremony being over the Empress was led back to the Throne where the Arch-bishop having again said some Prayers Te Deum was sung during a Volly of 480. Musket-shot and a discharge of the Artillery upon the Rampart Then Count John Draskowich took the Scepter and Globe of the Empire out of the hands of the Empress in place of the Steward of Hungary and gave them back to those who had carried them before That being done the Empress was led to the Offering by the Arch-bishops and put a rare piece of Gold of Gold-Smiths work into a Silver Bason that was upon the Altar and then returned to her Throne The Domestick Crown was taken off of the Head of the Empress by the Bishop of Neutra during the Offering and Communion and given to be held by the Duke of Diedericksteyn who after the Communion gave it back to the said Prelate to be put upon the Head of the Empress again The aforesaid Bishop led her to the Communion which being given her by the hand of the Arch-bishop of Gran the Crown was put upon her Majesties head The Ceremonies thus performed they returned in the same Order as they came with the noise of Cannon and the Ladies were admitted to kiss her Hand When they were at Table his Imperial Majesty ordered the Artillery once more to play which concluded the Solemnity CHAP. XVI Of the Description of Transilvania anciently united to Hungary and the Princes who have Reigned in it since the beginning of this Age to the present time TRansilvania a Principality of Europe is part of the Ancient Dacia to the West of Hungary and to the East of Moravia having the Carpathian Mountains to the North and Walachia to the South It is four days journey in length and as much in breadth That Name was given it by the Romans because it is incompassed with Forrests as well as Mountains The Hungarians call it Erdely and the Germans Siben bergen because of Seven Towns which the fugitive Saxons built there Several other People settled there but the Saxons I speak of cultivated the Country best The Romans afterwards became Masters of it under Trajan In process of time it was united to Hungary from which it was dismembred in the year 1541. At present the Princes of it are Elective Tributary to the Turk The Town of Transilvania are Hermenstadt Clausenbourg Weisenbourg or Alba-Julia c. It is a fertile Country and hath several Mines and Medicinal Plants Most of the Inhabitants are Greeks Schismaticks there are in it also a great many Hereticks and some Mahometans The Princes of Transilvania who have reigned since the beginning of this Age are these that follow 1. Sigismond Bathori Knight of the Golden Fleece Son to Christopher Prince of Transilvania who died in the year 1581. succeeded to his Father in that Principality and died at Prague the 17. of March 1603. 2. Stephen Bodtskey introduced himself by force into that Principality and his Usurpation was approved by the Turk and at length by the Emperor upon certain Conditions he died of Poyson in the year 1606. and named for his Successor Valentine Homonay but the States of the Country preferred Sigismond Ragotski before him 3. Sigismond Ragotski was elected Prince of Transilvania in the year 1606. but having reigned a year he resigned that Dignity to Gabriel Bathory Nephew to Prince Sigismond in 1608. Sultan Achmet confirmed that choice and the King of Hungary the Arch-Duke Matthias did not oppose it 4. Gabriel Bathory was elected Prince of Transilvania in the year 1608. and was assassinated at Valencze in the year 1613. 5. Bethlen Gabor who had had a great Hand in that Death being supported by the Turks seized the State and caused himself to be proclaimed Prince of Transilvania in the year 1613. and by a Treaty made with the Emperor in 1622. he continued Prince of Transilvania He died the 15. of November 1629. 6. George Ragotski Prince of Transilvania succeeded to him he died of his Wounds at Waradin in the Month of June 1660. 7. Achatius Barchay by the Turks introduced into that Principality in place of Ragotski resigned it some time after and was beheaded about the end of the said year 1660 8. When John Kemeni was chosen Prince who was killed in the year 1661. 9. Michael Abafti Count of Sicules Prince of Transilvania who Reigns at present was chosen in the year 1661. by the Assistance of the Turks CHAP. XVII Of the Turkish Emperors who in Progress of time have invaded subdued and usurped the greatest part of Hungary SOlyman called the Magnificent Son of Sultan Selim immediately after the death of his Father whom he had poysoned took Belgrade and the Isle of Rhodes was the first that invaded the Kingdom of Hungary and with
Universitatis Senatus Officialium Civium ac incolarum concordi obsequio ab obsidione Profligato hoste eodem Anno Die 12. Septembris liberata There were many Sonnets made upon the same Subject in Vulgar Languages to the Honour of the King of Poland but that which was made on him in Latin very well deserves a place here JOANNI SOBIESCO DOminatione Polonico Lutuanico Liberatione Austriaco Pannonico Profligatione Ottomanico Turcico Religione Christianissimo Pietate Catholico Zelo obsequio Apostolico Inter Reges sapientissimo Inter Duces praestantissimo Inter Imperatores citra fabulas Solo nomine tremebundo Solo nomine Hostes profliganti CUI Gloria militaris Regnum peperit Clementia firmavit Meritum perenabit QUI Raro probitatis constantiae exemplo Propria deserens aliena defendens Docuit quo pacto sancta Jura foederum Ineantur excolantur perficiantur Ottomanicam lunam fulgentissimo Crucis vexillo Aeternam eclypsim minitantâ—m Ita properè fortiterque à Christianorum finibus eliminavit Ut unum idemque fuerit Venisse vidisse vicisse Inter innumeros igitur Christiani orbis plausus Inter vindicatae Religionis Imperii Laetitiam Inter cruentatae lunae extrema deliquia Agnoscant praesentes fateantur posteri Non tantum enascenti Evangelio quo promulgaretur Sed etiam promulgato ne profligaretur Utrobique fuisse hominem à Deo missum Cui nomen erat Joannes Now this happy Victory and Relief of Vienna is so much the more to be prised that it is certain according to the List which was afterwards found in the Grand Viziers Tent that the Army of the Turks which Besieged it consisted of 191800. men and the Christian Army only of 81600. The great Standard the Horses Tail and the Grand Viziers own Horse were taken by the Poles who obstinatly pursued them in their Retreat and there was much booty found in the Turkish Camp which was wholly plundered even to the Tent of the Grand Vizier where they found great Riches in Gold Silver and other precious things All their Artillery which consisted of above an hundred pieces of Cannon was also gained with store of Ammunition The great Standard we mentioned before was carried before the King of Poland when he made his entry into Vienna immediately after it was Relieved and was sent presently by that King to the Pope On the one side of it was this Inscription We prophecy to you prosperity and good Success God Pardon your Sins and grant you all his grace And on the other side God Assist and Bless you and dwell in the Hearts of Believers that the purity of the Faith may encrease therein Besides him there is no other God and Mahomet is his Prophet It will not be amiss here to insert the List of the great Lords who besides the Imperialists were present at that Battle of whom the Names follow The King of Poland Prince Alexander his Son. The Elector of Bavaria The Elector of Saxony The Duke of Lorrain Prince Waldeck Two Marquesses of Baden Four Dukes of Saxony Three Dukes of Wittenberg The Prince of Anhalt The Duke of Croy. The Prince of Salms Two Dukes of Neubourgh The Marquess of Barreit The Prince of Hannover The Prince Lubomirski The Prince of Savoy The Prince of Hogen Zoller And since the King of Poland had so great a Hand in this Victory I hope the Curious will not be dissatisfied to see the League offensive and defensive which was happily made and concluded in the Month of April 1683. betwixt their Imperial and Polonian Majesties of which the substance follows 1. There shall be only an Alliance defensive betwixt the two high Contractors but against the Turks there shall be also an Alliance offensive which shall last untill both Parties find themselves in Rest and good Security 2. This Alliance shall be Sworn and Sacredly confirmed by Oath in presence of the Pope by the two Cardinals Pio and Barberino aswell in name of his Imperial Majesty as of his Majesty of Poland and of his States 3. His Imperial Majesty renounces all pretentions for the Charges he hath been at for the good of the Republick of Poland during the late War of Sweden and the Diploma de Electione Regis shall be given back and annulled 4. On the other hand the Crown and Republick of Poland renounces all pretentions it can have against the House of Austria 5. The one shall not make a separate Peace without the consent of the other 6. The Heirs of the two parties and Successors in the Government shall be obliged to observe this Alliance 7. This only is to be understood of a War against the Turks and not of any other 8. His Imperial Majesty declares that he will entertain 60000. men whereof he will send 40000. into the Fields and keep the other 20000. in Garrisons 9. His Polonian Majesty offers to bring 40000. men into the Fields under his own command 10. To the end the Preparations of War may be the sooner in readiness His Imperial Majesty promises by Anticipation to remit 200000. Crowns to the Crown of Poland on condition that that sum be raised out of the Tenth of the Pope in the Kingdom of Poland which he hath granted for that effect 11. His Imperial Majesty shall be obliged to recover the places that he hath lost in Hungary The Poles in like manner shall be obliged to regain theirs in Podolia Walachia and the Vkrain and to act against Teckely with 6000. men 12. Other Christian Kings and Potentats may be also received into this Alliance but not without the mutual consent of both Parties and above all the two Czars of Muscovy shall be earnestly entreated to enter into it I cannot conclude this Chapter without calling to mind a pretty Embleme made upon occasion of this Victory by a young Prince who reckons Emperors amongst his Ancestors The Emblem represents a Turk pitching a Net to surprise and catch the Eagle but who wandering and engaging too far in his own Toile became himself therein the prey of the Eagle with this Inscription Qui captat capitur or Turca à capiendis captus Turca parans Aquilae insidias ac retia tendens In somnis nuper visus adesse mihi O miseram mecum tacitus te funera dixi Quae maneant nescis quo malè cauta volas Interea in casses tendebat rectà volatu Tollere jam praedam praedo parabat ovans Unguibus at contrà volucris mirabile visu Tendentem insidias insidiasque tulit Sic raptus raptor factus sic latro rapina Praedonemque putans se fore praeda fuit THE BATTLE OR DEFEAT OF THE TURKS NEAR PRESBOVRG THE Turks who were before Vienna in the year 1683. finding it difficult to bring their Provisions and Ammunition from the City of Buda to the place where they were on the side of the Danube because the Garrisons of Raab and Comora way laid all their Convoys and much annoyed them the Grand Visier
Victory Three days after was followed with the taking of Newheusel It will not be improper I think in this place to insert the Letter which about that time the Serasquier Ibrahim Basha wrote to his Highness the Duke of Lorrain which he sent by the Deftedar of the Timmariot's Achmet Desquelebi by the Advice of the Grand Signior the Contents whereof are word for word as follows To our good Friend the Duke of Lorrain Generalissimo of the Armies of the Emperour of the Germans Greeting We let you know as a good Friend that Achmet Desquelebi Deftedar or Commissary of Newheusel hath reported that we your Friend ought to send you Letters to which you might give Credit if we desire to see a Negotiation for Peace It is for that Cause that the present are Written and sent to you and seeing we your Friends desire for the service of the Creatures of God that means of Tranquillity might be found out for the Subjects of both Parties what we say to you and beseech as well as what we shall do in pursuance of our Word hath been approved for so is the Will of God by the Majesty of our resplendent Omnipotent and formidable Emperor and King of the Superfice of the Earth wherefore we send you this Man to whom we have entrusted some things to be told you by word of Mouth to the end you may be pleased to send us a trusty Man on your part to endeavour a Peace it is hoped we may come to a Conference whereupon Farewel Given in the Camp at Pest Signed IBRAHIM CHAP. XV. Of the Ceremonies observed in the Coronations of the Kings and Queens of Hungary AFter all necessary Preparations have been made for the Solemnity of the Coronation the Ceremonies of it are performed in this manner In the first place an Election is made of those who are to go and fetch the Crown Scepter Globe representing the World Sword Coat of Arms the Royal Habits and Cross in the City of Presbourg where they are kept with the Standards of the Kingdom They discharge this Duty and carry them to the Church The Palatin takes the Crown and places it on the right side of the Altar where the Arch-bishop of Strigonium says Mass the Prelates sit about the Steps of the Altar and some of them lead the King from the Throne to the Altar or from the Altar to his Seat the rest serve for some other Action of the Coronation The Kings Throne decked with Cloth of Gold is pretty near the Altar and opposite to the middle of it having over it a Cloth of State of the same Stuff as that of the Seat. The King kneels first upon the Steps of the Altar and Kisses the Cross which the Arch-Bishop of Strigonium presents to him then takes the Oath contained in the Roman Pontifical saying the Words after the Arch-bishop and laying his Right hand on the Gospel with Eyes lifted up to Heaven as if he called God to witness After the Oath he is anointed by the Arch-bishop on the right Arm near the Elbow and betwixt the two Shoulders Then being cloathed with the Coat of Arms of King St. Stephen he receives from the same Arch-Bishop the naked Cuttelas of the same Saint then gives it back to the Arch-bishop who returns it into the Scabbard and then girds it to his side That being done the King turned towards the Altar as Defender of the Altars Religion and the Church draws the Sword out of the Scabbard and brandishing it three ways in the Air gives so many blows then the Arch-Bishop taking the Crown gives it to the Palatin who holding it up on high with both his Hands and being upon the Steps of the Altar asks aloud all that are present if they would have him Crown'd for their King and having three times put the same question unto them upon their answering in the Affirmative he is crowned and receives from the Arch-Bishop the Scepter in the right hand the Globe in the left and all the marks of Royal Dignity After that he sits down on the Throne as taking Possession of the Kingdom Then all the Hungarians make loud Shouts and Acclamations wishing the King a long and prosperous Reign and at the same time the Vocal and Instrumental Musick the Trumpets Drums and Cannon mingle their noise with the confused Voices Mass being said and the Streets through which the King is to go being Boarded and covered with White Green and Red Cloth the King walks from the Church where he was to another wearing the Crown and Coat of Arms some carrying before him the Royal Ornaments and Standards and a great many others walking before and after him At the same time pieces of Gold and Silver are scattered among the People in all the Streets through which the King passes who coming to the other Church sits down on the Royal Throne erected there and makes some Knights striking them thrice on the Back with the naked Sword of St. Stephen as they are kneeling before him This being done he comes out of the Church and mounting on Horse back with the Crown and Coat of Arms having the same persons on Horse-back who walked before or followed him on foot as he came in the same Order he goes out of the Town and alighting with the Arch-bishop of Strigonium mounts up upon a Theater where lifting up the Right hand he takes an Oath to the Hungarians to maintain the Priviledges of the Nobility do Justice to all observe the Laws of the Kingdom and procure the good of the Publick In the mean time all are uncovered and when he hath taken the Oath all again shout and amidst the noise of great Guns wish him all sort of Prosperity Afterwards he mounts a stately and well-managed Horse and spurs him towards an adjoyning ground where putting him upon the Carrier and drawing the Sword of St. Stephen he makes in form of a Cross four stroaks in the Air turning his Horse very nimbly as threatning the four Corners of the World and then there is nothing to be heard but Volleys of great Guns After this the new King putting his Horse to a Walk draws near the Lords who are Spectators and with them goes to his Pallace where he feasts them sitting at Table with his Crown and Coat of Arms and being served by some Barons and Grandees of the Kingdom appointed for that Office and when Dinner is over they who have the charge of the Crown and Royal Ornaments carry them back to their place Now to shew you the Ceremonies of the Coronation of the Queens of Hungary I 'll give you here an Abridgment of what past when the present Emperess Anna Maria of Bavaria Palatiness of Newbourg was Crowned Queen of Hungary in the Town of Edimbourg in the year 1681. The Emperor in his Imperial Habits and the Domestick Crown of the Empire on his Head went with his Attendants to the Church of the Recollets where he was received
invested it the seventh of July 1685. Retook it the nineteenth of August following NOVIGRAD A little Town with a Castle upon a Hill the Capital of the County of the same name lying on the Danube betwixt Gran and Vachia VACHIA Vatzen or Veitzen and in Latin Vaccia is a Town lying upon the Danube betwixt Novigrad and Pest and the Seat of a Bishop Suffragan to Gran. CASSOVIA This Town by the Hungarians is called Caschow the Capital of the County of Abauwiver It is very well fortified and lyes upon the River of Kunnert which falls into the Teiss five or six Leagues from the Carpatian or Crapat Mountains betwixt Esperies and Borsanick And though it be a free Town and have considerable Priviledges yet it hath always acknowledged the Emperor as King of Hungary till of late being engaged in the Rebellion of Teckely it was forced to return to the Emperor it 's Lawful Soveraign in the year 1685. FILLECK Was formerly a strong Town of the Imperial Hungary lying five Leagues to the North of Agria and as far to the West of Cassovia upon the River Gayenne in the County of Zabel it was reduced under the power of Teckely and it's Fortifications demolished ESPERIES In Latin Eperiae is a very well fortified Town in the County of Sarax in Hungary lying upon the River of Tarbez towards the Mountains and upon the Frontiers of Poland It always belonged to the Emperor as King of Hungary till it was involved in the Rebellion of Teckely from whom it was retaken by the Imperial Arms in the year 1685. AGRIA This Town by the Germans is called Eger and by the Hungarians Erlaw lying upon a River of the same Name It is but a small place hut extraordinarily well fortified and hath always been the Seat of a Bishop Suffragan to the Arch-bishop of Strigonium and the Bulwark of Christendom and therefore it was Besieged but in vain by the Army of Solyman But at length Mahomet the Third carried it the 12. of October 1596. Since that time it hath been in the hands of the Turks who keep a strong Garison in it Three Leagues from this Town the River of Agria falls into the Tyssa or Teisse which is the Tibiscus of the Latins In the year 1552. the Turks first besieged Agria with an Army of Threescore and ten thousand Men. It was then no strong place neither by Nature nor Art and yet the Courage of the Garison supplied the Weakness of the place There were within it Two thousand Hungarians and Threescore of the chief Gentlemen of the Country who brought thither their Wives Children and all their Goods They all took an Oath that they would suffer the utmost Extremity rather than render the place they put all their Provision into publick stores and when the Turks summoned them to render the place they put out a Coffin upon the Battlements of the Walls to shew that they had resolved to die rather than to yield The Town was for Forty days time incessantly Battered with Fifty pieces of Cannon but all that daunted not the Besieged Nay the Turks having made three Assaults in one day were still beaten off and lost Eight thousand men Above all things the Valour of the Women was conspicious in so bloody an Action One of them was fighting in presence of her Mother and Husband who was killed hard by her and her Mother bidding her carry off the Body and Bury it God forbid answered she that I should Bury my Husband before I revenge his death and with that snatching up the Buckler and Sword of her dead Husband she threw her self into the midst of the Enemy's and left not off Fighting till she had revenged the death of her Husband by the slaughter of three Turks Another Woman carrying a great stone to cast down upon the Enemy was shot with a Canon Bullet that carried off her head Her Daughter who followed her without standing to bewail her loss took up the stone and all bloody as it was with her Mothers Blood threw it down upon a croud of the Enemy who endeavoured to mount the Wall. The Turks being Witnesses of such obstinate Resolution raised the Siege the Nineteenth of October and the Besieged sallying out after them cut to pieces a great number of the Infidels and took most of their Baggage TOKAY A very strong Town with a Citadel upon the River Bodroch that falls into the Teisse This Town lying in form of an Island was taken by the Turks and afterwards regained by the Emperors Army but falling into the hands of the Rebel Teckely his Imperial Majesty retook it in the year 1685. to whom it belongs at present This Town is Subject to Inundations and yet the Land about it is very Fertile and bears excellent Wine called by that name Below it the River of Bodroch running by Esperies joyns the Teisse UNGWAR A little Town Capital of the County of Ung lying at the Foot of the Carpat Mountain near the River Ung the Boundary of Red Russia thirty Leagues to the East of Cassovia and five and twenty to the North of the Teisse it fell likewise into the hands of Teckely and was retaken by the Arms of the Emperor in the year 1685. COLOCZA An Ancient Town lying near the Danube lower than Pest was heretofore an Arch-bishops See it is encompassed with very Fertil Meadows ONOTH A Town lying upon the side of the River of Schaia between Agria and Tokay DEBRECHIM A City lying in the County of Zobel betwixt Tokay and great Waradin it is Rich Populous and of great Commerce and Traffick upon the humble desire of the Inhabitants it was received into the Protection of his Imperial Majesty after the Reduction of Zolnock and Cassovia It continued Neuter during the late Revolutions in Hungary and sided not with the Rebels allowing always Liberty as well to the Judges there established by the Emperour as to the Commissioner of the Port to Exercise their Authority in it GIULA This Town lies betwixt the Rivers of Sebeskeres and Feyerkeres upon the Lake of Zarkad a few Leagues below great Waradin upon the Frontier of Transilvania as yet it belongs to the Turk ZOLNOCK This Town lyes upon the River of Teisse where the River of Zagiwa joins it It is the chief Town of the same name and strongly fortified having long groaned under the Turkish Yoke it lyes fourty Leagues to the West of Waradin and sixty from Buda This Fortress was taken by the Baron de Mercy Lieutenant-Marshal de Camp and by the Sr. Heusler one of the Emperor's Generals in the Month of October 1685. ZATMAR A small Town lying upon the River of Samos on the Frontiers of Transilvania and the Capital of the County of the same Name it belongs to the Emperour and is ten Leagues Northward of Waradin and fourteen Eastward of Tokay ZARAVAS This is a Modern Fortress built by the Turks since the breaking out of the Rebellion which Emersi Count of
his Armies passed the Rivers of Save and Drave in the year 1526. He was Victorious in the Famous Battle of Mohacz which I mentioned before wherein Loüis II. King of Hungary unfortunately perished At Bagdet he was crowned King of Persia and subjected Assyria and Mesopotamia He made six Expeditions into Hungary and took the strong Towns of Strigonium and Alba-Regalis He also subjected Aladulia and the Kingdom of Aden besides many other Towns upon the Red-Sea He made Algiers Triâ—utary took Pialli Tripoli and the Gerbes and after all these Victories whilst he besieged the strong Town of Siget in the lower Hungary he died â—n Five-Churches as hath been mentioned before This Emperour took to himself the â—ollowing Titles in the Credential Letters of the Ambassador whom â—e sent to the Emperour Ferdiâ—and I the Lord of all Lords the Ruler of the East and West who am able to do and â—ot to do whatsoever I please Lord of all Grecia Persia and Arabia Ruler over â—ll things that can be Subject to a King â—nd Lord the Great Hero of these Times â—nd mighty Giant of this vast universe Lord of the White and Black Seas and â—he Holy City of Mecha shining with the Brightness of God of the City of Medina â—nd the Holy and Chaste City of Jerusaâ—em King of the most Noble Kingdom of Egypt Lord of the Country of Ionia and Cities of Athens and Sena of the Holy Temple of God Zabilon and Bassio Retâ—aam and Magadim the Seat and Throne â—f the Great King Nashin Rettham and Lord of the Island of Algiers and Prince of the Kingdom of Tartary Mesopotamia the Medes Georgians and of all Greece Morea and Anatolia Asia Armenia Walachia Moldavia and all Hungary with a great many other Kingdoms and Dominions whereof I am Emperour that thrice great Caesar Sultan Solyman the Son of the great Emperor Sultan Selim who have Authority from God to Rule all People in a bit of Iron and power to open the Gates and Doors of all Cities and strong Holds all the ends of the Earth none excepted are delivered into my Hands I the Lord of the East from the Land of Tscin to the utmost bounds of Africa whom God hath made a valiant Warriour in the edge of the Sword amongst whose most potent Kingdoms the impregnable Castle of Cesarea is reckoned the least and the Empire or Dominion of Alexander the Great the meanest of my Hereditary Dominions with me is the Strength of the whole World and Virtue of the Firmament Zelim II. Emperor of the Turks Son of Sultan Solyman II. called the Magnificent succeeded to him in the year 1566. being about Fourty two years of Age this Emperor having subjected Nicosia and Famagusta seized the Island of Cyprus a Kingdom belonging to the Venetians in the year 1521. but after that loss the Christians gained the Famous Battle of Lepanto the 7th of October the same year Haly Basha was killed there and it is not doubted but that it was the greatest Blow that the Ottoman Empire had for a long time received and indeed if the Christians had known how to make the best Advantage of that Victory they might without doubt have taken Constantinople where all were in a general Consternation And to see how great a Victory that of the Christian Princes was we may only read the Triumphal Inscription exposed by the Romans in the Capitol in memory of it and of Marco Antonio Colonna Duke of Paliano Knight of the Golden Fleece Great Constable of Naples whom Pope Pius V. made General of the Ecclesiastical Forces who solemnly received the Standard in St. Peter's Church at Rome and who in that memorable Battle commanded as Lieutenant General being upon his return received in Triumph in the City of Rome Marcus Antonius Ascanij Filius Fabricij nepos Columnae Marsorum Hernicorum Dux initâ inter Pium V. Pont. Max. Phillippum Hispaniarum Regem Catholicum Rempublicam Venetam Societate Classis Pontificiae Praefectus De Turcis Non. Octobris ad Echinadas Navali praelio victis DC Navigiis in potestatem redactis Demersis fugatis Christianos XV. mill in libertatem assertis Hostium XXX mill caesis X. mill captis Re optimè gestâ Ut Victoriâ omnium maxima in mari partâ Ex S. C. Pij V. S. P. authoritate More Majorum Prid. Non. Decembris anno à Christo nato M.D.LXXI Triumphavit Ad ejus rei memoriam sempiternam Diem hunc antiquis Triumphalibus fastis adscribendum Et monumentum hoc in Capitolio ponendum Censuit S. P. Q. R. ut superiorum aemulationi Praesentis aevi gloriae posterorum incitamento Testaretur in promerendis honoribus ac tribuendis Neque virtutem neque benignitatem priscam Adhuc deesse Romanis Coss Rom. decreverunt curaverunt Selim the Turkish Emperor died of an Apoplexy the Thirteenth of December 1574. Amurath III. Son of Selim II. began to Reign about the end of the year 1574. He presently put to death five of his Brothers according to the Cruel custom of the Ottomans and refused to prolong with the Emperor Maximilian II. the Truce which he had concluded with Selim II. He took Tauris which he Plundered and defeated the Marovites and Drus of Mount Libanus After that he made a powerful Invasion into the Country of the Croats who were worsted at first but they afterwards killed Ten thousand Turks and obliged the rest to let them live in quiet Amurath died at Constantinople the 18th of January 1595. at the Age of Forty eight Mahomet III. Son of Amurath III. began his Reign in the year 1595. by the death of One and Twenty of his Brothers and Ten of his Fathers Wives whom he left with Child and whom he caused to be thrown into the Sea. He never was at the Head of his Army but once The Christians under the Conduct of Count Mansfield took Strigonium Alba-Regalis under the Command of the Duke of Mercaur in the year 1601. and the Lower Town of Buda under the Arch-Duke of Austria He lost the Forts of Vice grad Balbocz Petrinia Haduan Palota and Vesprin and on the other side the Knights of Malta seized Lepanto The Armies of Mahomet were beaten by the Vaivod of Walachia and by the Prince of Transilvania who defeated Sinan Basha and so Moldavia Walaohia and Transilvania shook off the Ottoman yoke The Turks on the other hand had some advantages and re-took two or three Towns as Pest Canisa and Alba-Regalis but that was not comparable to their losses Mahomet demanded Peace of the Christians who refused it He was an Infamous Man so plunged into Debauchery that neither domestick Disorders nor Forreign Wars could ever make him forsake it that made the Janisaries mutiny to pacifie whom Mahomet was forced to deliver up his greatest Friends to their Rage and pretended to banish his Mother who was thought to be the cause of all the Calamities of the State. He caused his eldest Son to be Strangled and
the Sultana the Mother of him to be drowned having suspected her to be Guilty of some Treason against his Person He died of the Plague at Constantinople in the year 1603. the Thirty ninth year of his Age and Eighth year of his Reign Achmet I. of that name Emperor of the Turks Succeeded to his Father Mahomot III. at the Age of Fifteen years in the year 1603. His Moderation was admired upon his coming to the Throne in that having but one only Brother he did not put him to death according to the Custom of the Turkish Princes but shut him up in a Cloyster of Mahometans The Sophy of Persia taking the advantage of his Minority re-took Tauris and Erzerum Achmet sent thither the Basha Cigale who not having acquitted himself well of his Commission was upon his return Strangled by 50. Capigis who met him at Bursa Achmet regained Transilvania Walachia and Moldavia by the means of Botskay who revolted from the Emperor and sided with Bethlem Gabor against Sigismond Bathory Prince of Transilvania Afterwards finding himself Attacked on all hands he put Four Armies into the Field one against the Persians another against the Polonians one to oppose the Cossacks and the last to guard the Tribute of Egypt but all of them having been unfortunate as he was preparing for greater designs he died the 15th of November 1617. in the Thirtieth year of his Age and Fourteenth of his Reign Mustapha Emperor of the Turks was Son to Mahomet III. and Brother to Achmet I. he succeeded to him though he had a Son Osman Twelve years old in the year 1617. Mustapha being Twenty five years of Age was placed upon the Throne by the Janisaries who two Months after degraded him being displeased at his reserved way of living Osman his Nephew Succeeded to him and Mustapha as some say led a recluse and solitary Life But the truth is he was in Prison however being brought out by the Janisaries he was again set upon the Throne the 19. of May 1622. Next day after he caused his Nephew Osman to be put to death and having Reigned sixteen Months the People being dissatisfied with his Conduct he was again confined to perpetual Imprisonment in the Month of September 1623. and Amurath Brother to Osman was put in his place Osman Emperor of the Turks was the Son of Achmet I. and succeeded to him at Twelve years of Age about the end of January 1621. He led an Army of almost Four hundred thousand men against the Poles but that Expedition was not prosperous he lost above an Hundred thousand men atempting to force the Camp of Threescore thousand Poles and Cosaâ—ks Commanded by Prince Ladislaus Osman was obliged to make a Peace on disadvantageous Conditions He thought that the Janisaries had much contributed to that unhappy Success which made him have a mind to cashier them and he was accused of having a design to remove the seat of the Empire unto Damascus in Syria That insolent Militia revolted and the Unfortunate Prince was Strangled the 20. of May 1622. dy Order of Mustapha his Uncle whom the same Janisaries had raised to the Throne as I said before Osman's Reign lasted but Four years and about four Months Sultan Osman took the following Titles in a Letter which he wrote at the desire of the most Christian King to Basha Ferrovi and to Mula Cadi of Jerusalem to restore the Cordeliers to the possession of Bethlehem and of the Holy Sepulchre in Jerusalem which places had been possessed by the Armenians in the year 1625. The Emperor Osman Son of the Emperor Achmet always Victorious I who am by the infinite Graces of the Almighty Creator and by the abundant Miracles of the chief of the Prophets Emperour of Victorious Emperours Distributor of Crowns to the greatest Princes of the Earth Keeper of the two sacred and most august Cities the fairest amongst all those of the World Mecha and Medina Protector of the Holy Jerusalem Lord of the greatest part of Europe Asia and Africa conquered with our Victorious Sword to wit of the Countries and Kingdoms of Greece Themeswar Bosne Seget Natolia Caramania Egypt and of all the Countries of the Parthians Curdes and Georgians of the Iron-Gate of the Countries of the Prince of the little Tartars Cyprus Diarbeck Aleppo Erzerum Damascus Babylon the Balzaradick Arabians Abechy Thunis Tripoli Barbary and of so many other Countries Isles Streights Passages People Families Generations and of so many Thousand millions of valiant Soldiers who rest under the Obedience and Justice of me who am Emperor Osman Son of the Emperor Achmet of the Emperor Mahomet of the Emperor Amurath of the Emperor Selim of the Emperor Solyman by the Grace of God the Retreat of the greatest Princes of the World and Refuge of the most honorable Emperors Amurath IV. was the Son of Achmet and Brother of Osman after the Death of Achmet the Janisaries as we have said put Mustapha his Brother upon the Throne and afterwards having sent him back again to Prison they crowned Osman But in the sequel the same Insolent Militia re-called Mustapha who caused Osman to be strangled and the Government of that Prince being disagreeable unto them they remanded him to Prison Amurath at the Age of fifteen years was saluted Emperor in the Month of September 1623. and in the year 1626. he besieged Bagdet but the Persians defended themselves so vigorously that in the year 1630. the Turks were forced to withdraw Amurath had the Trouble of losing Hali Basha and divers places which the Persians and Arabians took from him Besides that the Poles and Cossacks gave him the allarm so hot that the Viziers were resolved to dethrone him if the Peace which he made with these People had not altered their minds Amurath concerned himself indirectly in the Affairs of the Protestants of Germany at the Sollicitation and under the Conduct of Ragotski but it happened to the Confusion of both He had at length the Pleasure to be revenged on the Persians In the year 1638. He set out into the Field as it is thought one of the most numerous Armies that ever the Ottomans had on foot and making use of the favourable juncture of the War betwixt the Persians and Mogols he besieged Bagdet and took it in fourty days time Amurath enjoyed not that Victory long for his Debauches brought him to his Grave the 8th of February 1640. in the Two and thirtieth year of his Age. This Amurath IV. in a Letter which he wrote to the King of Hungary in the year 1640. took the following Titles By the Grace of the Almighty God in Heaven we Soly-Mahomet only God upon Earth full of invincible Graces and Omnipotent Emperour of Babylon in Judea from the Sun-rising to its Setting King of all the Kings of the Earth King of all Arabia and Media Duke sprung from the Noble Stem of Greece and Armenia born Triumphant King of Jerusalem Lord and Protector of the Holy Sepulcher of