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Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
hand_n	good_a	lord_n	way_n	4,350	5	4.5759	4	false

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ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A45759	The reformed Common-wealth of bees. Presented in severall letters and observations to Sammuel Hartlib Esq. With The reformed Virginian silk-worm. Containing many excellent and choice secrets, experiments, and discoveries for attaining of national and private profits and riches.	Hartlib, Samuel, d. 1662.; Hartlib, Samuel, d. 1662. Reformed Virginian silk-worm.	1655 (1655)	Wing H997; ESTC R207475	78,873	113

me call it the pleasure is effected with so much ease so little cost hazard or pains as all may admire it 'T is not the hundreth part of your care labour or toyl you take about your Tobacco and an hundred times as I may say all things put together more gain and profit to you then you make by Tobacco which in truth is but smoak and vapour but this a reall-royall-solid-rich-staple Commodity And yet if you will have still smoak so this neither will nor can hinder your labour in that or take from you any other employment you have a minde unto Consider consider I pray you beloved friends your incomparable happiness in this thing and bless God for it Surely I should much wrong your judgements and patience if I should spend any more arguments to perswade you to this so great benefit to you and should be like to him that to manifest the clear Sun-shine at noon-day brought in a candle In a word there 's nothing is or can be wanting but your true thankfulness to God for compleating this happy invention and your present speedy putting it in practice Yet give me leave before I bid you adien to add the incomparable joy this Lady hath who is confidently perswaded her daily prayers are to God for it that this new invented way of thus keeping Silkworms on the Trees it requiring neither skill nor pains this last being the only Remora in the Savages nature which witholds them from attempting any thing of labour that when the Indians shall behold and see you begin the business they will with all alacrity set upon it likewise and imitate you And that you to incourage them as well you may do agree with them that for every pound-weight of Silk-bottoms they bring unto you you give them as well it deserves 5 shil worth in any Commodities they desire And thus by the blessing of Almighty God there may be good hope of their civilizing and conversion so that they may be likewise great gainers both in body and soul by this thing And if this prove so Gods mercies and workes being far beyond our capacities how much then indeed will Virginia's happiness be every way raised to the height of Blisse The promise being made That they that be wise shall shine as the brightness of the Firmament and they that turn many to righteousnesse as the stars for ever and ever which the God of wisdome and power grant to you all in Virginia and so Lord prosper this work in their hands Lord prosper their handy-work good luck I wish you all in the name of the Lord Amen Amen Amen Memorandum that you take notice that the Birds wi●l eat up the Silkworms on the trees so that care must be had and it 's easily prevented by severall wayes and means as you will devi●e to scare away the birds if all fail a boy may be set that may affright them them al away with some noise or by nets encompa●sing the trees and the birds will also carry the Silk-bottoms off the trees if they be let there remain but that 's soon pre●ented by taking them speedily away And this of the birds is the chief reason that Virginia abounds not with plenty of the naturall wilde Silkworms they devouring most of them and it 's a wonder how any at all escape them but that God preser●es some few of the race that his power and wisdome may be seen and the aptnesse of the Countrey to invite you to the work It will be good for you to incourage the Savages when they finde any bottoms in the woods to bring them to you that you may get of the race and seed to increase it Some say the originall Silkworm is produced by the corruption of the old Mu●berry-tree and leaves by the Sunne and moisture But that none of you may want a stock to begin your Silk-work the Lady aforesaid hath sent you store of Silkworm-eggs to be distributed amongst you and if you begin but with an 100 eggs this year they will next year be above 1000 for one female Silk-fly will lay 3 4 500 at a time all things more and more concurring to your incouragement Now the two Propositions that tend to infinite welfare benefit and wonderfull advantage both to England and the Colony joyntly are those that follow they which upon no terms are to be omitted to be published and effected First that with all speed some kinde of Coyne be sent to Virginia that may be authorized to passe there for their Commerce and better trading But whether all silver somewhat valued above its worth or part silver and part copper is left to the wi●e judgments in that case But of this confidently be assured that without some kinde of coyn or other that Colony can no way prosper or thrive nor any staple-commodities be set up or Artificers in any kinde follow their professions for Tobacco being now their money and that with which all Commerce is driven● and paiments made in and passeth from man to man all men are set upon that thing with the neglect of all other rich and solid innumerable Commodities that are in that land to be had and till this remedy of Coyne be applied there can be no prosperity in that Colony Were not the thing as apparent to all mens understandings as light is from darknesse I should alledge many reasons for it but it 's so needlesse to spend time about it as it might well be thought a great absurdity What then remains but that some publique spirited Patriot that would immortalize his name and honour in the procuring of this so necessary a thing to be speedily effected wherein also as the generall good he shall do so the benefit will be ever great to those that shall undertake the carrying over this Coyne be it what it will be all men know it so well what the gain will be as there 's no need to name it in particular manner they cannot wish for more profit then that will be to the undertakers and the Colony will with all their hearts be content with it and esteeme them happy and thrice happy Benefactours The second thing is that a Publication be procured and sent to the Colony in Virginia declaring unto them that there shall be liberty for all men to bring from thence for the space of ten years to come any commodity that they shall there raise into England Custome and Excize free Tobacco onely excepted which may pay double Custome if so thought fit and further that to what value of money such commodities shall be sold for here in England being rated at the Custome-house at their entry it shall be lawfull to carry out to Virginia any Commodities again to the same proportion worth Custome and Excize free These two reasonable things granted as they shall infinitily with all speed advance the Plantation so shall they all things duly weighed in the scale of prudence be no lesse

shall visit me in person or by letter with Questions within my sphere I am a Flint that give fire at the first stroke I like them well that veiw Magnalia Dei in Minimis if every man of my ability through the Land cherished so many Hives as I doe it would be in our Common-wealths way 300000 per annum which is lost by negligence or ignorance of the use of that Creature When I see you I shall offer more to your consideration than is fitting to be written the Lord furnish you and me with ability and fidelity in our Calling For 't is no great honour saith Plutarch to be excellent out of that Easlington this 19th of September 1653. True Friend Your Faithful Servant WILL. MEVVE A Coppy Mr. Hartlib's Letter to that worthy Minister at Easlington Mr. Will. Mewe SIR I Am willing to confesse my fault if it be a fault that my worthy Friend Mr. Angelo took notice of you as an excellent Bee-Master for knowing you by your other better Characters which are so publique that none can be ignorant thereof who hath heard of your name I gave him notice of your rare industry a thing not so publiquely known as it deserves in discovering the industriousnesse of that pretty Creature and my design was to get him to write to you so as to make some overture for me to use freedome afterwards with you about that Subject which he having done and you having entertained with so much alacrity and hearty expressions I am bound to thank you for it and desirous to expresse my thankfulnesse with such Communications as are within the sphere of my activity of this kind or of any other better matters of a publique nature and in testimony hereof be pleased to accept of the adjoyned Packet with several Treatises and Books wherein also you will happily find something which may give occasion to your ingenious spirit to try some other Conclusions of Husbandry with delight and profit For God's Way 's to such as find them out are full of both and I am apt to believe that when God set Adam in the Garden Eden to keep it and dresse it He meant to exercise his Industry as well about the discovery of the fruitfulnesse of perfect nature which could not be without much delight to his understanding as about the pleasantnesse of the place which he could have by dressing increased and made compleatly answerable to the perfection of his own imagination For although there was nothing imperfect in Nature before the Curse yet all the imaginable perfections which the seminal properties of the Earth contained were not actually existent at the first instant the kinds were each distinct by themselves without any defect but what Marriages and Combinations there might be made between them and what the effects thereof would be when the proper Agents and Patients should meet I suppose was left to his industry to try and although we now come farre short of that knowledge which he had in Nature and the Womb thereof by reason of that Curse is shut up unto us Yet we find by Experience that to such as are her faithful and laborious Servants and find out the Seat of Gods Vertue in her to trace the Way of his Operation She rewards alwayes their paines both with profit and pleasure which in your Answer to my fore-named worthy Friend you bear witnesse unto when you tell him that in your Apiary in the Country you not onely found profit enough and what you mean by enough is left to our conjecture but that besides the benefit of Wax and Honey you gained more delightful Observations of their Working and Government then happily the Ant can afford us which because I doe very fully believe therefore I am an humble Sutor unto you that at some spare time you would renew to your own memory your delightful contemplation of the rare qualities of that Creature and putting them to paper shew forth the Wisdome of the Creator therein for such things should not be concealed because they are reall Demonstrations of his Power and I am perswaded you will take it in good part that such as love Him for Himself are curious to know the Workmanship o● his hands and the Wayes by which the best discovery thereof is made If then upon this account you would let some of your sparkes flie abroad amongst us you may perhaps kindle some light more than we have which in due time may reflect with some heat upon your self back again For you tell us that Dr. Wilkins Warden of Wadham is setting up a Glasse-Hive in his Garden with augmentations to that Model which he received from you which no doubt he is obliged to impart unto you as to the Father of the Invention and if I may be so happy as to be your Schollar both in that which is your own and what is super-added by him perhaps my Friends and I will not be altogether unfruitful at least we shall not be unmindful of you but give some return of what our Experiments may produce But to doe this we must be set in the way by you therefore give me leave to beg a full Description of your transparent Hive in the Parts and Dimensions thereof and if you have any to spare now the season is past and would send one up by the Carrier which comes from your parts I shall undertake to see it sent back again unto you without your cost If you have many Glasse-Hives you will be the better able to gratifie me herein but if you have none to spare I shall rest satisfied with that which you shall be pleased to afford me with your convenience The Reason wherefore in the Glasse-Hives the Bees should double their Work and delight in their Grandeiur I conceive by what you write is discernable but as yet I cannot reach it till by your Experience and Sagacity the hint be given me that I may in due time by my self or some Friends make also a tryall thereof But have you yet been able to make any estimate of the quantity of Wax and Honey which they are able to give one year with another seeing you speak a very big word of 300000 lt a year which might accrew to the Nation from this little Creature I make no doubt but you are able to make thi out although it doth I confesse goe beyond my reach and to raise the Industrie which may be used towards the Common-wealth of Bees in this Nation it would be a thing worth your publique disposition to give a Demonstration thereof for I suppose it will be grounded more upon the plenty which your new Invention doth yeild then upon the ordinary way But happily your Experience to something also extraordinary concerning the feeding as well as the Hiving of that industrious Creature will give some further addition For no doubt there are certain Hearbs which make them thrive better than others of all which if at your convenient time

your Skepes with the combs whole to be used as hereafter followeth 9. In November stop up all holes let none pass in or out but if they prove weak then take away your Bees from the combs and keep them for the second and third swarms after 10. In December house your Bees if they stand cold and in the North house all 11. In Ianuary turn up your Bees and throw in Wort and Water and Honey twice or thrice but let your water be warm 12. In February set forth and serve all them that stand in need with wort and honey or honey and water so it be warm and then in March look for their breeding as is before declared No corrupt combes to be left but the bad are to be taken forth in the Spring time being in feeding and when you have thrown in one pint of warm wort and that they are struggling with the clamminess of the wort then may you very well take from them any thing that doth annoy them which manner of dressing you may observe for many yeares during your Skepe so long as they stand to work new again Necessarie observations concerning the Premisses FRom the middle of Aprill until the middest of May look diligently to thy Bees for then are they near beginning to hatch and do stand in need of most help especially if the Spring be cold and the wind holding any part of the North or East whereby the tender buds or blossomes do perish and the Bees are driven to the blossomes of Apple-trees which is their utter overthrow and decay Helps for weak Bees at all times TAke Water and Honey mixt together made luke warm and throw it amongst the combes to the quantity of a pint at a time or strong wort new run or unboiled wort also luke-warm and the same two or three times at the most and this for the first Swarm For the second and third Swarm must be given in their Hives to preserve that which they have gathered Take Mulce which is eight times so much water as honey boiled to a quart or three pints set the same with dishes in their shepes laying a few straws in the dish to keep them from drowning Wort and Figs boiled will serve also The Smoak as it were the Tobacco of Bees wherein they delight is Cows or Oxen dung sophisticated with sweet wort and the marrow of the Oxe or Cow being well dried take the Shepe which is diseased and set it in a meal skiffe or riddle and then kindle a little fire with your Cows dung and set them over the smoak of the fire and so smoak them by fits scarce so long at every time as you can tell ten and beware not to use this smoaking too oft but as necessity requireth and in gentle manner The necessary use of Honey and Wax made me to observe the premisses wishing That in all Parishes of Great Brittain and Ireland all the Parsons and Vicars in Country Towns and Villages were injoyned to keep Bees for their own benefit and the general good which they may do conveniently in the Church-yards and other places of their Gardens and some of their children or schollars may attend the same The multiplying of Bees is easie without destroying them and creation of them is known to many proceeding of the corruption of a Heyfar the flesh whereof is fit to ingender Bees as the flesh of Horses for Wasps or that of Man for Lice And to abbreviate I do refer the desirous Reader hereof to Mr. Hill his book of Husbandry where he speaketh of Bees with the commodity of Honey and Wax and of their uses and several profits collected out of the best learned Writers as Plinius Albertus Varro Columella Palladius Aristotle Theophrastus Cardanus Guilielmus de Conchis Agrippa and others THE REFORMED VIRGINIAN SILK-WORM Or a Rare and New DISCOVERY OF A speedy way and easie means found out by a young Lady in England she having made full proof thereof in May Anno 1652. For the feeding of Silk-worms in the Woods on the Mulberry-Tree-leaves in Virginia Who after fourty dayes time present their most rich golden-coloured silken Fleece to the instant wonderful enriching of all the Planters there requiring from them neither cost labour or hindrance in any of their other emploiments whatsoever And also to the good hopes that the Indians seeing and finding that there is neither Art Skill or Pains in the thing they will readily set upon it being by the benefit thereof inabled to buy of the English in way of Truck for their Silk-bottoms all those things that they most desire LONDON Printed by Iohn Streater for Giles Calvert at the Black-Spread-Eagle at the West end of Pauls 1655. TO THE Reader Ingenious Reader I Have in my Legacy of Husbandry bequeathed something unto thee concerning Silk-worms which hath wakened many to search after the means to advance that part of Husbandry But because the Letter of King Iames to the Lords Lievtenants of the severall Shires of England for the increasing of Mulberry Trees and the breeding of Silk-worms for the making of Silk in this Nation had not annexed unto them in that Treatise the Instructions tending to that purpose and being but few wholly out of print and very much desired I thought good upon the occasion of the printing of this Letter to those of Virginia to publish it also for the benefit of those who shall be willing to employ themselves in this way of industry which seemeth to be brought unto a more perfect and speedy accomplishment than heretofore hath been known either here or in France as by the contentes of this adjoyned Letter wherein the Experiment of a vertuous Lady of this Nation for the breeding of Silk-worms is addressed unto the Planters of Virginia is set forth to encourage both them and others to set upon this work to benefit themselves and the Nation thereby And truly the Gentleman who doth addresse this Letter to the Planters of the Virginian Colonie is much to be commended for his affection to the publick because he doth not conceal as some Muck-worms do for private ends the Advantages which may be reaped by singular industrious Attempts or experiments of profit but desires the benefit of others even of all to be encreased And it were to be wished that every one to whom God from whom comes every good perfect gift doth impart any rare and profitable Secret of Industry would open himselfe towards his Brethren as this publick-hearted Gentleman doth then would all hands be set a work and every one would become instrumentall to serve himselfe and his Neighbours in Love and overcome the burthen of povertie which for want of employment and decay of Trade doth lie so heavie upon very many whose burthens might be either born or made easie if all the gifts of God were made use of for the end for which he doth bestow them namely to profit withall towards others as it becommeth the Members of the same