the People wanted Water in the Desart Some on the 10th of April for the death of Eli and his two Sons and the loss of the Ark. Some also on the 18th for the death of Samuel But the Only Fast that God commanded them was that upon the Day of Expiation The manner of keeping their Fasts is 1. By abstaining from all Meats and Drinks till the Stars appear 2. Reading no passages in the Bible but such as are mournful as the Destruction of Jerusalem Jeremiah's Lamentations c. Rosse Ancient Christian Lent Quadragesima so called either because at first it lasted forty hours viz. from 12 of the Clock on Friday till Easter-Sunday morning or because afterwards it was extended to forty days at last to 3 6 7 weeks It was observed in the First Century It was kept especially the last week of it with great stictness mortifications all Process and Inquiry into criminal Actions and Corporal Punishments suspended Acts of Prayer Abstinence c. In other parts of Lent they fasted till the Evening in the last week till Midnight or Cock-crowing vid. Zonar in Synod Tom. 2. part 1. p. 1. The last week called Hebdomada Magna on which they Fasted Watched did Alms suspended Suits at Law shut the Tribunal Doors set Prisoners free Dr. Cave The Sinner when he began to mislike himself i. e. to be penitent for his wicked life for that he had offended God and his Church came first unto the Bishop and Priests as unto the Mouths of the Church and opened to them the whole burden of his Heart afterward he was by them brought into the Congregation and there made the same confession before his Brethren and further was appointed to make satisfaction by open Penance which Penance being duly and humbly done he was restored again openly unto the Church by laying on of Hands of the Priests and Elders Bish Jewel out of Beatus Rhenanus Fasts on Wednesdays and Fridays Jejunia Quartae sextae Feriae stationes because they kept close to them as to their Guard celebrated with reading and expounding Sripture Divine Service Sacraments and fasting till three a Clock in remembrance of Christ Betrayed and Crucified Mahometan Ramazan is the name of the Mahometans Lent which continues thirty days during which they eat nothing in the day-time but when night comes all Meats are indifferent but Swines-flesh yet they abstain from Wine and Women The last day of Lent they consecrate as a day of Mourning to the memory of their deceased Friends when many of the meaner sort seem to make a most bitter lamentation and then at night they fire an innumerable company of Lamps and other Lights and when burnt out the Lent is ended The day after their Ramjam the most devout assemble at their Mosquits and hear some parts of the Alcoran Ancient Heathen 1. The Galli were such Priests as gelded themselves 2. At Hierapolis the Pilgrims were to sacrifice a Sheep to kneel and pray upon the Fleece to lay the Head and Feet of the Sheep upon their Heads to crown themselves to drink cold water only and sleep on the ground till their return Rosse 3. The Hierophantae among the Athenians were such Priests as castrated themselves with the drinking of Hemlock that they might live more chast in their Office Text. Offic. 4. The Priests of the Egyptians were sparing in their Victuals to a wonder abstaining from Flesh and Wine and seldom eating Bread lest they should overcharge their Stomachs only Oyl and Sallad-herbs were their common food not so much as tasting Eggs or Milk enduring sometimes a three days fast Idem 5. The Persian Magi used no other food than Meal and Herbs Id. 6. The Indian Gymnosophists fed upon Apples or Flour Id. Apollonius Tyaneus abstained from Bread and Flesh Archimolus and Moschus Sophisters of Aeli drank Water and ate nothing but Figs all their life Id. On the Festivals called Nephalia the Ancient Greeks abstained from Wine whence they gave them their name Diamastigosis See the Second Part. Modern Heathen An Indian Faquir intending to invent a new Spell of Devotion resolved to measure with his Body the whole extent of the Mogul's Empire from Bengala as far as Caboul i. e. from S. E. to N. W. The Pretext for so doing was that being present at the Feast of Houly he had a kind of Novices to wait upon him and serve him At the beginning of his journey he laid himself out at full length on the ground upon his Belly and marking it and so rising up again to walk it and so down and up again continually This was performed punctually and he made a Cosse and half a day i. e. three quarters of a League so that at the years end he was got no farther than the utmost bounds of the Province of Halibas but was loaded with Charity all the way M. de Theven In the Pagod Chitanagar on each side of the Wall is a square hole and in the middle of the thickness of it a long Iron Screw entring perpendicularly into the Wall like a Bar The Irons served to fasten Ropes to for supporting those who performed voluntary Penance for seven days Idem The Bramins shun Pleasure drink Water Sir Tho. Herbert The Gentiles in the East-Indies are great Fasters and none of them let a Fortnight pass without it and then they fast 24 hours A great many of them will fast six or seven days and they say there are some that will fast a whole Month without eating any more than a handful of Rice a day and others that will eat nothing at all only drink Water in which the Root Criata◠hath been boyled When a Woman is at the end of one of these long Fasts the Bramen goes with his Companions to the House of the Penitent and beats a Drum and permits her to eat and return home M. de Thev l. 3. p. 82. Diabolical While I was thus requesting God Edward Kelly made a Vow of Penance during his Life never to eat his Supper or Evening-Meal on Satdr days Dr. Dee's Act. with Sp. p. 334. The Witches in New-England kept Fasting-Days 8. Feasting c. Jewish FEASTS Two-fold 1. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 upon the Remainder of a Sacrifice 2. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Compotatio c. Concerning which observe 1. The Preparation They Saluted Kissed washed the Guests Feet by a Servant anointed the Head and Feet 2. Carriage at Table 1. The Master consecrates a Cup of Wine thus Blessed be Thou O Lord our God the King of the World which createst the Fruit of the Vine 2. He tasts the Cup and passeth it about the Table 3. Breaks the Bread and holding it in both hands blesseth it thus Blessed be Thou O Lord our God the King of the World which bringest forth Bread out of the Earth Thus on Festivals at other times they blessed the Bread alone 4. After eating and good Discourse the Master or some Guest began thus Let us bless
and was helpful to others in repeating them c. Though his Father often and earnestly endeavoured to divert him yet when a Boy he was unmoveable in his desires to be a Minister Clark's Lives Arch-Bishop Vsher at ten Years old found himself wrought upon by a Sermon on Rom. 12.1 I beseech you Brethren by the Mercies of God c. About the same time he was moved to a more conscientious observation of the Lord's Day by reading some Notes taken from Mr. Perkins's Works then also he read Augustine's Meditations with frequent weeping Idem D. Bern. King Edw. VI took Notes of such things he heard in Sermons which more nearly related to himself Hist of Reform Queen Elizabeth wrote a good hand before she was four Years old and understood Italian Dr. Burnet Ibid. Mrs. Marg. Corbet Daughter of Sir Nathanael Brent Warden of Merton College when about 14 Years of Age wrote Sermons with dexterity and left many Volumes of such Notes writ with her own hand Clark Mrs. Elizabeth Wilkinson was from her Childhood very docile took much pains in writing Sermons and collecting special Notes out of Practical Divines When I was about 12 Years old saith she in a Narrative written with her own hand upon reading in the Practice of Piety concerning the happy Estate of the Godly and the miserable condition of the wicked in their Death and so for ever unto all Eternity it pleased the Lord so to affect my heart as from that time I was wrought over to a desire to walk in the ways of God Sir Tho. More never offended his Father nor was ever offended by him Olympia Fulvia Morata an Italian born at Ferrara bred at Court there with the Young Princess the Duke's Daughter of a singular Spirit for Learning could both Write and speak Elegant Latine and Greek in her very young years c. Anon. Mahometans The poor Hindoes though they have not above five Shillings a Moon for their Labour yet will impart at least half that little to their Parents when in want Anon. The Great Mogul though he esteemed the whole World as his Vassals would sometimes be one to help to carry his Mother in a Palankee upon his Shoulders Idem Persians Parentes non honorantes brevis aevi sunt Sir Tho. Herb. out of Homer Amongst the Ancient Persians Children from the fifth Year of their Age to the twentieth used little other exercise saith Herodotus than to ride the Horse Shoot and speak Truth Sir Thomas Herbert Chinese The Chinese marry not without their Parents consent leave their Childrens Names to them honour them be they never so mean relieve them be they never so poor at their death express all symptoms possible of Duty in white Linnen mourn seldom less than two or three Years Mahometans It is observed That the Children of Mahometans have a particular Tenderness to them that brought them into the World nay it is sometimes so great that they will rather starve themselves than suffer their Parents to want Mandel Trav. p. 61. Persia In Persia the Children go to School betimes Persons of Quality have Tutors at home so that they stir not abroad till 18 unless a Hunting c. And therefore are very modest Tavern Good Husbands Jews AMongst the Ancient Hebrews we find Abraham to Sarah Isaac to Rebecca Jacob to Rachel discharging well the Duties of Husbands to their respective Wives that which looks most like a blemish in these Examples and of others that lived after them in the Jewish Oeconomy is their marrying of many Wives a Point very obscure yet connived at and seemingly permitted for the time and continued still in use among the Jews and accounted as one of their chief Privileges For they believe That a Man may take as many Wives as he can find with Meat Drink Cloaths and the right of the Bed But because Polygamy is clog'd with inconveniencies which an ordinary Eye may fore-see consequent upon it they are not now a-days very fond of the Practice Christians In Venice the Wives are bred to so much Ignorance and they converse so little that they know nothing but the dull Superstition on Holy-days in which they stay in the Churches as long as they can and so prolong the little liberty they have of going abroad on those days as Children do their Hours of Play They are not employed in their Domestick Affairs and generally they understand no sort of Work so that I was told that they were they insipidest Creatures imaginable they are perhaps as vicious as in other places but it is in them down-right lewdness without any preamble or preparative down-right heastliness The Italians by their excessive caution want the true delights of a Married State Dr. Burnet's Letters Ancient Heathens Socrates is recorded to hear with much Patience not only other cross accidents in his Life Affronts Reproaches Injuries but also the perverseness of his Wife Xantippe her railing Words abusive Behaviour throwing the Chamber-pot upon his Head over-throwing the Table when he had invited his Philosophical Guests to Feast with him insomuch that she herself gave this Testimony of him That she never saw him change Countenance for any thing that befel him but used still codem incedere vultu to go out and return home with the same evenness of Spirit and pleasantness of Face Heathens In the Moluccaes they have Officers who at break of Day go about the Town and with the beat of a Drum awake the People and exhort the Masters of Families to remember their Matrimonial Duties Mandel Trav. p. 130. Moluques What is mention'd before about the Office of beating a Drum every Morning at break of Day I find observed by another Traveller with only this addition That they account it their publick Interest that the Inhabitants should multiply Pac. broke open Vol. 2. Good Wives Jews THE Rabbins have taught the Jews in Barbary against the time of Child-birth to draw Circles in the Chamber of the Woman with Child and on the Doors within and without and Walls and about the Bed inscribing every Circle with Adam Chava Chutz Lilis i. e. Adam Eve Begone Lilis Lilis was as they say Adam's first Wife but disobedient and undutiful and therefore was upon her speaking the Most Holy Name rapt up out of his sight into the Air and tho afterwards pursued by three Angels who overtook her at the Red Sea she refused to return pleading That she was created in the same manner as Adam was and therefore she would not be Subject but that she was to destroy the Male-Children for eight Days after the Birth and Females for Twenty The Angels finding in her a shrewd resistance dismiss'd her on this condition That she should spare those Infants where she saw their Names written And to this Time the Jews use to write the three Angels Names in a Table or Parchment Senei Sanfenoi Saumangeloph and to hang them for Amulets about the Children's Necks The meaning of Adam Eve
then all the rest by reason of the innumerable number of Nations which are cherished within the bowels of so large a Continent Job Ludolph Hist. of Ethiop chap. 16. I went to a Church at Bitchka where the minister prayed and preached and tho there were a very good linguist with me who spake Sclavonian German Turkish Vulgar Greek and Italian yet could he make nothing of it or find any affinity in it with any other language he knew A specimen hereof is set down by Megiserus of the Lords prayer in that language Mi attyanck by vagy as meniegbe megh Szentel Tesseck az te newed c. Quaere whether this were not the Jazygian In the like manner we were confounded with the Language of Albania on the North of Epirus and West of Macedonia Dr. Brown's Travels Graces at Meat Jews THat Graces or Benedictions were used at meat among the Jews is plain from 1 Sam. 9.13 where it is said That the people did not eat until he came because he was to bless the Sacrifice And also from the Example of our Saviour Christ Mat. 14.19 He blessed and brake c. Mat. 26.26 Mar. 6.41 Luke 9.16 c. Besides the Essaeans before they eat always give Thanks and no Man may eat any Meat till this Prayer be made unto God likewise when dinner is ended they pray again for both before and after they give Thanks to God the Giver of all Joseph of the Wars of the Jews Book 2. Chap. 7. Christians If you please I will rehearse to you a Hymn which S. Chrysostom sets out with wonderful Praises in a certain Homily not disdaining also to interpret it Bessed God who feedest me from my Youth who gives Meat to all Flesh fill our Hearts with Joy and Gladness that having plentifully what is sufficient we may abound in every good Work thro' Jesus Christ our Lord to whom with thee and the Holy Ghost be Glory Honour and Empire for ever Erasm Conviv Religios A Grace after Meat Glory be to thee O Lord Glory to thee O Holy One Glory to thee O King because thou hast given us Meat fill us with Joy and Gladness in the Holy Ghost that we may be found acceptable in thy Sight and not be ashamed when thou shalt render to every one according to their Works Amen Erasmus in Relig. Conv. ex Chrys in Matt. Hom. 56. Thou that givest Food to all Flesh grant that we may receive this Food with thy Blessing thou Lord hast said that if we drink any thing that is deadly if we call upon thy Name it shall not hurt us Thou therefore who art Lord of all Power and Glory turn away all evil and malignant quality from our Food and what-ever Pernicious Influence it may have upon us Dr. Cave out of Tertullian In Switzerland the Children are obliged to rehearse the Lord's Prayer before and after Meat Conrad Werndly The French Protestants bless their Meat in the Name of the Father Son and Holy Ghost Abissines They always read Prayers both before and after Meals a thing that some of our Courtiers are in a manner ashamed of who will hardly tarry to hear a short Grace Here in Abissinia you shall have the whole Psalter repeated at their great Feasts without any incovenience to the Guests for he whose office it is distributes to every one a part The King and they that are accustomed to it know their proper time the larger Psalms are divided among more the short ones to only one and thus by several the whole Psalter is read as it were in a Moment for the Psalter is made use of by all neither have they any other Book for daily Prayer Job Ludolph l. 2. c. 12. Armenians They were all the Dishes set down upon the Ground before the Patriarch who then prayed and gave thanks Mons Tavernier l. 1. c. 3. Mahometans They say always before Meat their Bismillah i. e. In the Name of God After Meat They give thanks by a Handillah i. e. God be praised and afterwards they wash their Hands M. de Thevenot Eat nothing which hath not before been blessed Purchas out of the Alcoran Heathens In Guinea and the East-Indies at their Eating they Consecrate their first bit and draught to their Fetisso wherewith they besprinkle it View of the Engl. Acquis in Guinea and the East-Indies The old Heathens when their Mensae Secundae were brought in had their Boni Eventûs i. e. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 poculum a Cup by way of Sacrifice or Oblation to their good Genius Pontanus and Dr. Holyday out of Camerarius So in the beginning they had their Libatio Persians We sat at dinner viz. at the King of Persia's Court about an hour and a half and then the Cloth being taken away there was warm Water brought to wash their Hands which done the Lord Chamberlain cried aloud Suffre Hakine Scahe douletine Kasiler Kuwetine Alla Dielum i.e. Make us thankful for this repast prosper the King's Affairs give his Souldiers and Servants Courage this we pray thee O God whereto all the rest answer their Alla Alla. Grace being thus said they rose up and went out of the room one after another without speaking a word according to the custom of the Country Our Mehemander came also to tell us that we might withdraw when we pleased as we immediately did making a low reverence to the King Duke of Holstein 's Embassad Trav. into Muscovy c. p. 204. Malabar The King of Calecut eats no Meat till it be first offered by his Priest to the Idol Rosse Virginia The Pagans in Virgina instead of saying Grace at Meat used to fling the first bit into the Fire Idem By West-Virginia and Florida when they eat drink or sacrifice they used to throw up into the Air towards the Sun their Idol some part of their Food Idem The like is reported of New Spain Chinese The Chinese burn Amber at the end of their Feasts by way of Incense Tavernier par 2. l. 3. The Indians drink of the Water of Ganges out of Devotion at the end of their Feasts accounting it sacred Idem par 2. l. 3. c. 14. Tunquin The Tuquinese wash their Hands their Mouths their Face before they sit down Tavernier's Collect of Relations c. Ancient Heathens By way of Appendix to what was said before It was usual for both Ancient Greeks and Romans at every Feast to make their Libations or Offerrings to their Gods as Lovers to Venus Soldiers to Mars c. and also to Men especially such as they were obliged by Princes c. So in the times of Augustus his Preferments it was decreed by the Senate That the People should usually swear by his Genius and in all their Banquets should sacrifice for his Safety Alsted Encyclop l. 16. p. 2173. Lutherans Amongst the Lutherans the Woman of the House doth ordinarily say Grace instead of the Men. Dr. Brown 's Trav. p. 169. Magicians and Witches Mr.
Catholick Church c. 2. A silent Prayer as in the Morning 3. A Sermon 4. A Form consisting of a Collect the Lord's Prayer and another longer Form with Pray constantly c. and depart in peace as before Besides these Services which are all for Sundays they have also Forms of Prayer for every Day of the Week Morning and Evening and Sermons every Day On Saturdays in the Evening as well as Sundays at Noon they examine the Catechism and have a peculiar Form of Prayer for that purpose so likewise for the Fasts and Festivals appointed as the Day after our Saviour's Nativity New-year-day Easter-Monday Ascension-day Pentecost the Day of Church-Dedication and extraordinary occasions as War Victory Plague Murrain c. Their Baptism is thus 1. The Minister begins with saying In the name of God Amen If ye the God-fathers and God-mothers desire that this Child be baptized in the Baptism of our Lord Jesus Christ say Yea. 2. Then after an Exhortation he proceeds to pray for a Blessing upon the Child in a pretty long Form 3. He reads the Gospel Mark 10. concluding thus Praise be unto God he forgives us all our sins through his Son Amen 4. After a short Speech to the Sureties he rehearseth the Creed and calls upon the Sureties to pray for such a Faith for that Child saying Our Father which art in Heaven c. 5. He asks the Sureties If they will according to their utmost power and as necessity may require be instrumental to and assist in the Education of the Child c. The Sureties answering Yea. 6. The Sureties name the Child the God-mother holding the Child over the Font whilest the Minister pours three handfuls of Water upon his Fore-head saying N. N. I baptize thee in the Name of God the Father the Son and the Holy Ghost Amen 7. The Minister blesses the Child in these words God grant unto thee that as thou art now besprinkled with clean Water thou mayest likewise appear before God in the last day with a pure and undefiled Conscience and so to be eternally saved N. B. Baptism is never administred privately but at time of Publick-Service the first opportunity after the Birth The God-father in the Church presents a piece of Gold or Silver to the Nurse and if a Female-Child to the God-mother also if a Male the God-mother to the God-father Every year they send New-years-gifts to their God-children which some continue to do 'till they are of Age for the Lord's Supper and some 'till Marriage On their Birth-day yearly they use to feast their God-children and give them grave advice None are to be Christen'd without Sureties Their Administration of the Lord's Supper thus 1. The Minister useth a grave Exhortation concerning the intention of the Sacrament 2. The People confess their Sins and pray for pardon as after the Sermon 3. The Antistes behind the Table with an Arch-Deacon on either hand if there be so many saith with a loud Voice In the name of God the Father the Son and the Holy Ghost Arch-Deacon answering Amen Antistes Let us pray O Almighty c. Arch-Deacon That which is now read is contained in 1 Cor. 11.20 21 c. Antistes Praise be unto God Arch-Deacon on the right hand And Peace on Earth Antistes Good-will towards Men. First Arch-Deacon We praise thee we magnifie thee Second Arch-Deacon We worship thee we honour thee Antistes We render thanks for thy great honour and benefits O Lord God Heavenly King Father Almighty First Arch-Deacon O Lord thou only begotten Son Jesus Christ and thou O Holy Ghost Second Arch-Deacon O Lord God Lamb of God Son of the Father thou that takest away the Sins of the World c. and so on with an alternate voice to the end of that Hymn 4. The First Arch-Deacon reads part of the sixth Chapter of S. John's Gospel Thus speaketh the Lord Jesus Verily verily I say unto you He that believes in me hath everlasting life I am the bread of life c. Concluding with Praises and thanks be unto God He forgives us all our sins according to his holy word Amen which is said by the Antistes 5. The Antistes and the Arch-Deacons alternately rehearse the Creed as they did the Hymn before 6. Then follows an Exhortation to the Examining themselves ending thus Wherefore kneel down and pray 7. Then the Ministers kneeling about the Lord's Table and the People either standing or kneeling say the Lord's Prayer 8. The First Arch-Deacon saith Lift up your hearts unto God and say with Devotion O Lord Almighty God c. 9. The Antistes afterwards saith Hear now with Devotion and Faith how Christ Jesus did celebrate his holy Supper c. Jesus on the night in which he was betrayed took Bread c. Here the Antistes takes the Bread breaks it eats a Morsel and gives the rest to the first Arch-Deacon who reaches the same to the other Ministers about the Table Afterwards when he comes to those Words He took also the Cup he takes a Cup and having drank of it gives to the first Arch-Deacon as he did the Bread and he to the Ministers and they to the People a Reader from the Pulpit in the interim reading the Lord's Speech concerning the Supper beginning at S. John 13.1 10. Then the Antistes and Arch-Deacons alternately say Antistes Rise up and let us render Praise and Thanks unto the Lord. First Arch-Deacon I will praise thee O my God c. This Hymn consists of 14 or 15 Responses 11. They read alternately the 113 Psalm which was wont to be read at the Passeover 12. Lastly follows an Exhortation with a Consolation and Benediction and a short Collect concluding thus For God's sake remember the Poor always in your Alms pray constantly one for another And after the Christian Hymn be ended which concludes the Solemnity Depart in peace and the Grace of God be with you Note 1. Their Bread is unleavened made in a broad square Cake thin almost as Paper white as Snow by the chief Sexton only of their great Minster Church 2. They use wooden Cups in Imitation of the Primitive Simplicity 3. They receive in their Seats the common People sitting or standing Their Discipline 1. The Ministers are obliged to call such as they know to have committed Notorious Crimes or to be inflamed with Hatred and Passion some Weeks before the Administration of the Sacrament into their Closets or before the Church-wardens according to their Discretion to admonish and warn them and declare to them that if they do not repent c. the Sacrament will prove to them not an Earnest of God's Favour but of his Just Wrath and their Damnation c. 2. Those that will not be reconciled to their Enemies shall not be admitted to the Sacrament 3. Yet Excommunication is never formally practised in the Church of Zurick but instead thereof the Ministers are commanded by the Higher Power and by the Synod to
Glanvil tells us from the Confession of some Witches that at their Night-Meetings when the Cloth is laid and the Devil set down at the upper end of the Table he useth some words before Meat Jews The Jews spreading their Hands over the Bread say Blessed art thou O Lord God King of the World who bringest Bread out of the Earth then over a Cup of Wine Blessed c. who hast made the Fruit of the Vine over Water no Blessing the 23d Psalm is set before them at Meal time and they have Multitudes of new Graces if any better Dainties be set before them Purchas Forms of Excommunication Jews The Degrees or Kinds of Excommunication are 1. THE Niddui the lowest sort as some think a separation or casting out of the Synagogue for about thirty Days during which time the Party was not to come within four Cubits either of Man or Woman nor to dress or trim himself as at other times yet admitted to instruction and divine Service Might be more severely punished his Son might be denied Circumcision his Dead not buried according to the Contumacy of the Person Excommunicated The Form was this N. Let him be excommunicated 2. The Shammatha the same with Maranatha as some think Mr. Selden thinks 't is the same with Niddui This was a total Exclusion from the Church a blotting them out of the Book of Life and not permitting them the least Communion in things of publick Religion and the word Shammatha they interpret the Coming of the Lord to take Vengeance on the Excommunicate It was never pronounced but when the Offender became desperate 3. The Cherem when the Offender within 30 days gave no sign of Amendment This was so dreadful and direful in our Saviour's time that many principal Jews who believed on Christ durst not confess him for fear of it See the Form By the Decrees of Cities and Command of the Holy we Anathematize adjure exterminate excommunicate curse and execrate God being willing and his Church by the Book of the Law by the 600 Precepts therein written by the Anathema with which Joshua anathematized Jericho by the Curse wherewith Elisha cursed the Young Man by the Curse wherewith Gehezi cursed his Boy and by the Excommunication with which Baruch excommunicated Merozi and by the Excommunication which R. Jehuda Son of Jehezkiel used in this matter and by all the Anathemata Imprecations Curses Excommunications and Exterminations which have been made from the time of our Master Moses and since by the name of Acetheriel Jah the Lord of Hosts Michael the great Prince by the name of Mittatron whose name is as the name of his Master by the name of Sandalipon who ties the bands of the Lord by the name of the 42 Letters by his name who appeared to Moses in the Bush by the name with which Moses divided the Sea by the name I am what I am by the mystery of the name Tetragrammaton by the Scripture that was written upon the Tables by the name of the Lord of Armies Sabath the God of Israel sitting upon the Cherubim By the name of the Spheres and Circles and Living Creatures Saints and Ministring Angels By the name of all the Angels which wait on the most High God Every Israelite and Israelitess who willingly and knowingly violates any of those laws which are now denounced to be observed Let him be Cursed of the God of Israel who sits upon Cherubim Let him be Cursed by the Bright and Glorious name which the High Priest in the day of expiation expresseth with his mouth Let him be Cursed by Heaven and Earth Cursed from Almighty God Cursed of Michael the great Prince Cursed of Mittatron whose name is as the name of his Master Cursed of Acetheriel Jah the Lord of Hosts of the Seraphim and of the Orbs of the Holy Animals and Angels who wait before the most High God of Israel in Holiness and Purity If he was born in the month Nisan which the Angel Vriel as the Prince of the Classes under which it is governs Let him be Cursed of him and all his Order and if in the month Ijar which the Angel Tzephaniel governs let him be Cursed of him and all his order c. Let him be Cursed of the 7 Angels set over the 7 weeks and of all their order and helping power Let him be Cursed of the 4 Angels which govern the 4 Seasons of the year Cursed of the 7 Palaces Cursed of the Princes of the Law by the name of the Crown and the name of the Seal Let him be Cursed of the great God strong and Bright Let him receive Confusion for his embraces Let him fall with swift Ruin Let God the God of Spirits put him under all Flesh Let God the God of Spirits lay him prostrate to all flesh Let the wrath of the Lord and Violent whirlwind fall upon the head of the wicked Let the Destroying Angels run upon him Let him be Cursed in every thing that he puts his hand to Let his Soul depart in Terrour Let him dye of the Quinsey Let not his breath come or go Let him be smitten with a feaver Dryness the Sword Rottenness the Jaundise Neither Let him be deliver'd from them before Destruction Let his sword enter into his own heart And let his Bows be broken Let him be as the dust before the wind and the Angel of the Lord scattering them Upon him shall rest all the Maledictions written in the Book of this Law and the Lord shall blot out his name from under Heaven Also the Lord shall separate him for mischeif out of all the Tribes of Israel to all the Curses of the Covenant written in the book of this Law But you who adhere to the Lord your God are all alive this day He that blessed Abraham Isaac Jacob and Moses and Aaron David and Solomon and the Prophets of Israel and those who are Pious among the Nations let him bless all this Holy Congregation except the man that hath violated this Anathema and so let it be his will and Decree Amen Dr. Addison Prsent state of the Jews in Barbary N. B. Samaritans were Excommunicated by sound of Trumpet and Singing of the Levites Ross Christians Greek A Form of the Greek Excommunication If they restore not to him that which is his own and possess him peaceably of it but suffer him to remain injured and damnifyed Let him be separated from the Lord God Creator and be Accursed and Unpardoned and Undissolvable after Death in this World and in the World to come Let Wood stones and iron be dissolved but not They. May they inherit the Leprosy of Gehazi and the Confusion of Judas may the Earth be divided and devour them like Dathan and Abiram may they Sigh and Tremble on Earth like Cain and the wrath of God be upon their Countenances may they see nothing of that for which they labour and beg their bread all their days may their works possessions and
Survey of Christendom and try what they can to comprize within their Creed and Litany and Charitable Communications and Communion all the Subdivisions of the Greek Church and do what in them lies to enlarge the pale and promote the Gospel amongst Jews and Mahometans and Pagans and accomplish the Number of that Holy and Blessed Society that our Saviour Jesus is making provision for in the other World and then Come Lord Jesus Come quickly But especially that they would hasten to Unite among themselves and to that end lay aside their deep Prejudices and Passions and ambitious Emulations to make room for the reception and entertainment of the Gospel of Peace and not suffer those opprobrious Distinctions of Sects and â—chisms which have been now a long time despitefully hit in our Teeth any longer to feed upon Christianity in the Substance It will not surely be very long but the Trumpet will Sound and the World ring of our Master's Coming methinks some of the bright Rays of his Last Advent are darted into our Hemisphere already the World begins to shake and stagger with a variety of Commotions in several material parts of it but how unready are we to meet him when he Appears Reader You will pardon me if you find that I have not in every common place kept close and regular to my Primitive Design and Intention Sometimes my Information fail'd me sometimes my Memory and sometimes my Care and Leisure and to confessing enuously in some cases I could not perswade my self to account the Pagan Superstitions worthy a solid and industrious Remark there is so much Chaos and ridiculous Intermixtures and Nonsense that I thought it would rather Affront than Oblige an Ingenious Reader to present him with much such unprofitable Stuff But I have not willingly passed over any thing without Observation which I thought might serve to any good purpose either of â—â—easure or Profit And let no body object to me the uselesness or easiness of writing Collections 't is much more difficult than Spinning out our own Notions upon the slock of our meer Natural Reason or Mother-Wit but and if this Argument satisfy not I will offer a very fair Proposal to my Adversarys let them candidly pardon me for doing no worse or shew publickly to the World that themselves can do better by either of which ways they shall oblige me but in doing neither they will hardly escape the guilt of becoming obnoxious themselves To conclude I value not the Opinions of those Men whose either Intellectuals are faulty or Minds corrupted and yet which is the mischief and misery of it there is ever and every where the greatest plenty of these I dread only the Censure of Wise and Good Men but yet there are so few of them that I think upon that score also I am pretty safe and the more because they are Men of the greatest Candour and Ingenuity the slowest to pronounce a Censure the easiest to excuse and the readiest to forgive Into the hands of these men I willingly commit my self in the company of these men I am most delighted I wish my Readers may be all such either Antecedently or Consequently which is the hearty desire and prayer of the unworthy Author Your Christian Friend And Humble Servant W. T. Postscript SInce I first engaged in this little Work I made use of one Notion which my Observations in it furnish'd me with as an Argument to Attack the Anabaptists with viz. The general Consent and almost Universal Practice not only of all Christendom but all the World Jews Gentiles Mahometans Christians of all Sects Protestants Papists Greeks Armenians Muscovites Mengrelians Indians of S. Thomas Abissines c. in using time out if mind for hundreds of years in places distant thousands of Miles some solemn initiating Ceremony at the first Admission of Children not yet Adult into the Society and Communion of their Religion I first objected this to several private Members of the Anabaptists Congregation every one of which confessed ingenuously they could not Answer it but referr'd it to one of their Teachers about 20 Miles distance from me To whom at last I wrote very plainly and briefly desiring in humble Terms a Solution of the Argument if it were possible His Answer which was prolix enough was yet very unsatisfactory he offered no reason to solve the Difficulty tho I had urged it with some briskness and backed it with the Authority of Vincentius Lirinensis Quod semper quod ab omnibus quod ubique c. But told me that many other usages were as Universal as that which I would not yet allow to be derived from any Divine Institution to which I Answered in short That if he would name but one and prove it I would retract my Opinion This I wrote and sent to him and have frequently called upon his friends for an answer but have not received one Line from him to this day and tho he hath since that time passed by very near my House yet he did not so much as call upon me This in short by way of Advertisment to shew the usefulness of this Book An INDEX Note That under Each of the following Heads is inserted in distinct Paragraphs the TENENTS of every Religion PART I. 1. OBject of Divine Worship Page 1 2. Places of Divine Worship Page 6 3. Respect to the places Page 12 4. Dedication of the places Page 16 5. Priests and Church-Officers Page 19 6. Qualiflcation of Ch. Officers Page 29 7. Ordination of Ch. Officers Page 33 8. Sacred Vestments Page 37 9. Holiness of Church-Officers Page 42 10. Maintenance and Privileges of Ch. Officers Page 47 11. Persons making up the body of the Assembly Page 52 12. Times of publick Worship Page 56 to 100 1. Weekly or Monthly 2. Vncertain and unfix'd contingent 3. Annual or Yearly 1. In March 2. In April 3. In May 4. In June 5. In July 6. In August 7. In September 8. In October 9. In November 10. In December 11. In January 12. In February 4. More than Annual 13. Peoples Reverence in Divine Service Page 100 14. Rule of Worship Page 103 15. Parts and Order of Divine Worship in general Page 111 to 131 1. Secret and Private 2. Publick 16. Particular parts of Divine Worship Page 131 1. Prayer Page 131 2. Praises Psalms c. Page 136 3. Sacrifices Page 141 4. Washings Purifications Page 146 5. Teaching Instruction Page 150 6. Sacraments Vows Page 154 7. Fasting Mortification Page 163 8. Feasting page 168 17. Church-Discipline Excommunication Page 171 18. Marriage Divorce Page 176 19. Funerals Page 181 20. Courts Ecclesiastical Page 187 21. Sects and Schisms Page 192 to 196 1. In general 2. In particular 22. Jewish 1. Sadduces Page 196 2. Pharisees Page 199 3. Samaritans Page 203 23. Christian 1. Eastern Greeks Page 207 Muscovites Page 210 225 Melchites c. Page 243 2. Western Papists Page 254 Protestants c. Page 273 24. Mahometan 1. Turks c.
destroy him i. e. a Giant killed by Crutchman God M. de Thev Meduserum A feast of the Persees kept the 15 of Fez'e or February in memory of some monthly benefit Jewish 1. The Sabbatical year every Seventh year To signify that they and theirs were the Lord 's 1. On this year they did not till the ground 2. They discharged their Debtors and released the Debts And this to teach them 1. To depend on Providence 2. To mind them of Adam's fruitful Paradise 3. To mind them of the Everlasting Sabbath peradventure to commence from the 7000th Year 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Eliae dict ex Talm. 2. Jubilee from 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Ram's Horn or Trumpet Josh 6.4 or Jubal Gen. 4.21 Every Forty Ninth Year On this Feast They 1. Restored Lands to the first owners 2. Released Servants 3. Preserved the Tribes distinct 4. It served for computation 5. They were put in mind of our Spiritual Jubilee under Christ by whom we are restored to our Land of Canaan and released of our Servitude and this signified too by the sound of the Gospel Zach. 9.14 As in the Babylonish Captivity so in the Dispersion since Christ they keep no Jubilee Rosse 3. Liver without ceasing denoted by the Fire continually burning upon the Altar Lev. 6.12 And again Holiness becomes thine House for ever And again Pray without ceasing Ancient Christian In imitation of the Jewish Pope Bonifiace 8th instituted A. C. 1300. the Popish Jubilee to be observed every 100dth year which Clement 6th abridged to every 50th year Ancient Heathen Amongst the Greeks 1. Olympia Games instituted by Hercules in Honour of Jupiter celebrated every Fifth year or 50th Month by 1. Running Five Exercises 2. Leaping Five Exercises 3. Quoiting Five Exercises 4. Wrestling Five Exercises 5. Hurling Five Exercises The Conquerors reward was a Crown with the Branch of an Olive Tree Amongst the Romans 2. Lustrum The Purgation of the City by Sacrifice every fifth year at which time the Censors went out of their Office and the Fee-Farm Rents were paid and then they Sacrificed a Sow a Sheep and a Bull in the Field of Mars to attone the Gods and purge the City 3. Ludi Seculares called also Tarentini from a place in Rome Celebrated every 100th year lasting three days in honour of Diana and Apollo The Young Virgins and Men were wont at this time to sing Hymns Poeanas to Apollo D' Assigny The Fire of the Vestal Nuns among the Greeks first and afterward the Romans seems derived from the Mosaic Institution The old Africans also whose chief Gods were the Sun and Fire kept Fire continually burning on their Altars Rosse Modern Heathen Tozcolt a kind of Jubilee in Mexico in Honour of Tezcalipuca kept in Mexico when there was given full Indulgence and Pardon of Sins In this day they did Sacrifice a Captive which resembled the Idol Purchas Every Twelfth Year in the City of Quilecare in Malabar is a Jubilee kept to the Honour of their Idol in which the King of that place on a Scaffold covered with Silk before the People washes himself Prayeth and having cut off his Nose Ears Lips c. at last cuts his own Throat as a Sacrifice to his Idol His Successor is bound to be present and to act the same Tragedy on himself next Jubilee Rosse The Pyree of the Persees in the E. Indies In Persia they had many Pyree or God-Fires not made of common Combustibles as Wood Straw Coals c. nor blown by any Bellows c. but kindled with Lightning or a Burning-glass c. Some to this day remaining above 1000 years as some say unextinguish'd Sir T. Herb. 15. The Peoples Reverence in Divine Worship Jewish WIth what Reverence the Jews were required to perform their Prayers and Publick Service antiently may be collected out of Sacred Scripture Now they Pray Girt standing upright Face Jerusalem-wards with Hand on the Heart and Head stooping abstaining strictly from Belching Yawning Spitting Breaking Wind c. Before their Synagogue they have an Iron fastened to make clean their shoes according to Solomon's counsel keep thy foot when thou goest into the House of God When they enter they put off their pantastoes Exod. 3.5 at entrance they pronounce some part of David's Psalms and must enter with fear and trembling Purchas See more in the chapter of Respect to places of Worship Ancient Christian They were required 1. To come to Church 1. In comely apparel with a grave pace silence chast body and mind Clem. Alex. pad 2. To use a modest voice order reverence in prayer Not to throw about their prayers with a wild and confused voice or disorderly prattling Gypr 3. Men with their heads bare as asham'd to look up to Heaven 4. Women covered Tertull. de Virg. veland 5. Hands lift up to Heaven a posture common to both Jews and Gentiles c. and expanded in form of a Cross Tertul. de Orat. c. 11. Apol. c. 39. 6. Kneeling most usually 7. Standing on Lord's days sitting ever held rude c. Tertullian falls heavy on some that clap'd themselves down upon their seats as soon as ever prayer was done and down-right charges it as against Script 8. Praying towards the East Either because that 1. Was the most excellent part of the Creation 2. Paradise was in the East Basil Const App. l. 2. 3. Or in resp of Christ the Son of Righteousness Clem. Alex. strom l. 7. Athan. c. 9. Standing usually at Sermon-time None sitting but the Bishop and Prsbyters Optat. de schism Donat. l. 4. Except In some Transmarine Churches perhaps Western the people had seats Aug. de Catech. ruaib It was part of the Deacons office to call on the people 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in respect of body and mind Chrys de incomp dei nat Hom. 4. et Liturg Gr. 10. Especially at the Gospel A general custom Sozomen wonders at the Bishop of Alexand that he did not rise up at the Gospel a thing saith he which I never saw or heard in any other place Hist Eccl. l. 7. c. 19. Philostorgius saith of Theophilus the Indian Bishop that amongst other irregularities he corrected in those Churches this was one sitting at the lessons out of the Gospels Hist Eccl. l. 3. n. 5. Constantine M. which Eusebius was making a Panegyrick before him in his Palace concerning our Saviour's Sepulcher would not sit down and when Eusebius besought him to sit upon his Throne yet would not and when Eusebius in compliance would have broken off and done he call'd on him to go on and when besought again he would still stand 11. People were forbid to depart till after the blessing Conc. Aurel. c. 22. Mahometan 1. The Mahometans after coming into Church say softly or aloud if they please I will imitate that Imam in what he doth 2. Next they put their hands upon their shoulders and say Allah ekber i. e. God is great 3. Then lay their hands one
to defraud 9. Not to oppress 2. The Persees in their book of Religion have these Precepts the book called Zundawastau 1. To have shame and fear ever with thâ—â— 2. To consider whether what they take in hand be good or bad commanded or forbidden 3. To keep their Eyes and hearts from coveting what is another's and their hands from hurting any one 4. To have a care always to speak the Truth 5. To be known only in their own businesses and not to enquire into and to busie themselves in other mens matters 6. Not to entertain any other Law besides what they have delivered to them from their Prophets M. de Thevenot 3. The Indian Bramins call the books of their Religion Bets which are four in number which they say God sent to them and that they are the Keepers M. de Thev The Gaurs have a large Book in three parts relating to Salvation Dreams and Physick in a language which themselves scarce understand but by the help of other Books M. Tavernier l. 4. Diabolical The Devil is very cunning a notable Politician S. Paul knew him so and therefore uses many words to set out his Frauds His Interest and Subtility are the only Rules he goes by And he Attacks all persons he hath to deal with according to their Genius Exempl g. Balaam a false Prophet by Apparitions Dr. Dee a Mathematician by Magical Devices our Saviour by sacred Scripture the obstinate Jews by a false Messiah a Barcocab Enthusiastical Persons by Revelations Dreams Fancies Learned Men by Curiosities the Religious by Superstitions c. 17. The manner of calling Assemblies Jewish THE Jews Sounded Trumpets formerly Also they rung the great Bell Migrepha Now about five in the Afternoon the Door-Keeper of the Synagogue knocks at their Doors with a Hammer warning them to repair to Evening Prayer Rosse Ancient Christian At first certainly the Christians by agreement among themselves appointed the Day and Hour before-hand and conveyed the notice thereof by word of Mouth Pancirollus refers the Invention of Bells to Paulinus Bishop of Nola about the Year of Christ 400. But he rather changed the use of them to religious purposes Dr. Holid on Juv. In Cyprus the Greeks are called to Church in the Morning by one or two a Clock by the striking on their Door with a Hammer the Clerk uttering these words Christians go to Church Taver l. 2. c. 2 p. 81. The Musccvites have no Bells in Steeples but in a certain Engine or Machine near the Church in the Church-Yard and are for the most part so small that few of them are 150 or 200 pound weight They toll them at beginning of Service and at the elevation of the Chalice The Rope being fasten'd not to the Bell but the Clapper they easily Chime many together The Abyssines have no Bells of Brass or mix'd Metal but a kind of hollow Vessels made of Wood Stone or Iron more for noise than delight to the Ear. Job Ludolph Salmuth c. They have two great Bells in the Convent of Niamoni in the Isle of Chio. The Turks allowing them to Christians no where else There are little ones in every Village M. de Thev I passed by a Church in Ispahan where hearing a great noise I went into it the noise was made by striking with a great Stick upon a Deal-Board that was hung up which the Armenians are forced to make use of instead of Bells the Persians not permitting them to make use of any D. of Holst Amb. Trav. p. 208. Mahometan The Mahometans are called to Church five times a day by a Cryer by a Cryer bauling aloud Alla Allah Allahu The Turks call Etchmeasin in Persia the Seat of one of the Armenian-Patriarchs the Church with Bells for they are used here and no where else in Turkey except in Moldavia Valachia Mount Athos The Muczim goes up to a Minaret at every Mosque and stopping his Ears with his Fingers he sings and cries these words with all his force Allah ekbar c. i. e. God is great God is great is great great shew that there is but one God shew that Mahomet is his Prophet come and present your selves to the Mercy of God and ask Forgiveness of your Sins God is great God is great God is great God is great There is no other God but God M. de Thev This they do five times a day and on Friday six The Faquirs or poor Mahometan-Voluntiers the have many Disciples call them together when they assemble by the Sound of a Horn or the Beat of a Drum M. Tavernier Par. 2. l. 2. c. 2. Ancient Heathen The Persians did call an Assembly before Day-light saith Strabo 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 with the sound of a Bell. l. 15. The Priestesses of Bona-Dea at Rome were called to the Service by a Horn. Upon the Festival of Dame Flora the Rabble and idle Strumpets were called together by the sound of a Trumpet Modern Heathen In Pegu the Talapoi Summon the People to Church by sounding a brass Bason Pacquet broke open Vol. 2. In Mexico they awaked the People to Service with a Trumpet The Bannyans are called to their Idolatrous Devotions to their Pagods under their Trees with the sound of a little Bell. Sir Tho. Herb. In some parts of Java particularly Bantam they use Drums instead of Bells which they beat with a Bar as big as a Weaver's Beam and sometimes brass Basons Mandelslo In Siam their Pagods have Steeples and Bells Tavernier Upon tolling of the Bells they rise to Prayers about 4 it the Morning which they repeat again toward Evening Idem In Tunquin also they have Bells Idem In Gilolo and Amboyna they bring their Daemon or Nito to a conference by the sound of a little Tabor called Typha and with lighted Candles and Words of Conjuration Pacquet broke open Vol. 2. Diabolical In Amboyna to have conference with the Devil whom they call Nito they assemble to the number of 20 or 30 and call upon him with the beat of a little Drum consecrated to this use which they call Typha Mandelslo In New-England 1692. at Salem one G. B. was reported by some of the Witnesses for Summoning other Witches to a Sacrament with the sound of a Trumpet who failed not from all Quarters to go towards the appointed place of Meeting soon after the Sound Cotton Mather in his Wonders of the Invisible World 18. The Parts and Order of Divine or Religious Worship Domestical Jewish 1. PArts of Divine Worship Domestical Daily Daniel prayed thrice a day and praised GOD and it was his manner so to do Dan. 6.16 David prayed at Morning and Evening and Noon Night and Day even in his Bed making it swim with tears Anna served the Lord in the Temple with Fasting and Prayer Night and Day Luke 2.37 GOD appointed a Lamb to be offered for a daily Sacrifice Morning and Evening He that eats Bread with unwashen hands sins as grievously as he that lies with
to suck them in the Poll or elsewhere to suck their Blood once in 24 hours 10. The Devil promising to them to live gallantly having pleasure of the World for so many years that they shall want nothing Clothes Victuals nor Money 11. Giving Six Pence and vanishing with the paper 12. At their solemn Meetings upon the way saying Thout Tout a Tout Throughout and about 13. After Meeting and due courtesy done and other service they have a cloth laid on the ground c. 14. Wine Cakes Rost-meat Drink c. 15. The Devil sits at the upper end of the Table 16. Useth some words before meat 17. Bidding the Guests welcome 18. Plays upon a Pipe or Cittern 19. The Name of God or Jesus not mention'd at their Meetings 20. Giving them power to bewitch persons either by 1. Baptizing a Picture of Wax c. The Devil saying I Baptize thee with this Oyl The Witches saying A Pox on thee Ill spite thee c. The Devil himself being Godfather Or 2. Giving an Apple Dish Spoon c. Or 3. By a Touch or Curse c. 21. Sometimes they have Carnal Copulation together at such Meetings 22. The Devil leaves an ugly smell at parting 23. They use such words as these at parting A Boy merry meâ—t merry part 24. As they return homewards Rentum Tormentum In short the Devil keeps to no order is no where constant to himself In Popish Countries can be Papist in Turky Mahometan and adapt himself to the Humour of his Disciples The Order of the Jewish Service in Barbary out of Dr. Addison Jewish 1. THey spend some time in the Meditation of the Divine Attributes 2. They repeat to themselves Numb 24.5 How goodly are thy Tents c. And Psal 26.8 O Lord I have loved the habitation of thine house c. 3. They lay the right hand on the heart and bowing their Bodies toward the Chest wherein the law is kept they begin the publick Service 1. With Psal 5.7 As for me I will come into thy house in the multitude of thy mercies c. 2. After the appointed course of the Psalms they have Two Lessons the first out of the Law the second out of the Prophets 3. They Pray 1. Standing 2. Girt 3. With the Head bowed 4. Their Face toward Jerusalem 5. Their hands on their heart 6. Uttering their Prayers in a sort of plain Song 7. Without Spitting or Belching c. 8. At Confession of Sins using Prostration and shewing a great sense of their own vileness 9. At pronopuncing of Holy Holy Holy Lord God c. they jump up three times Ancient Christian The Order of the Divine Service amongst the Primitive Christians out of Dr. Cave The manner various commonly thus 1. They began with Prayers probably v. Tertul Apol. c. 39. 2. Read the Scriptures The Quantum arbitrary The Apost Constitut appoint two Lessons S. Clemens Epistle to the Corinth Hermas's Pastor The Writings of S. Ephrem Read in some places after Holy Service 3. They sung Hymns and Psalms vid. post 4. The Presbyters and President of the Assembly preach'd and made Exhortations one after another 5. Prayers were made for Catechumens Penitents Possessed c. according to their respective Capacities the Persons in every rank departing as soon as the Prayer that particularly concerned them was done 1. The Catechumens departed 2. The Penitents The Deacons crying aloud 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in Lat. Ite missa est 6. The Faithful only the Catechumens gone and the Doors shut proceeded to the Lord's Supper wherein they 1. Prayed for all states of Men c. 2. Gave the kiss of Charity 3. Prayed for the Consecration of the Eucharist 4. Received the Elements 5. Made their Offerings 7. They Admonished Censured Absolved c. 8. They concluded with a Blessing Afternoon Note They had publick Prayers and Sermon to the People in the Afternoon Chrysost Basil Augustine make sufficient evidence of it 9. The People stretched out their right-hand the left-hand being put under it Cyril 10. During the Administration they sung Psalms Psal 33. constit Apost and Hymns 11. Concluding with Prayer and Thanks-giving 12. Saluting each other with a Kiss of Peace Signacula Orationis Tertull. Ancient Heathen The Order of their Service out of other Authors D'Assigny c. 1. The Priest washes hands in pure Water 2. He leads the Sacrifice to the Altar 3. Before they offered to Jupiter they offered Praoedancae Hostia some preparatory things to the Daemones or Angels that they might intercede for them to the God 4. If these appeared unlucky they offered others succedancae Hostiae 5. The Priest offered a set Form of Prayer to Janus and Vesta 6. He mark'd the Beast with his Knife from head to tail and if he appeared unruly they let him go and took another 7. Laid upon his head and back the mola salsa mixt with Frankincense 8. Tasted a Cup of Wine 9. Caused the Assistants to do the like 10. Poured the remainder of the Wine between the Horns of the Beast 11. Took from that place a few Hairs called prima libamina and cast them into the Fire 12. Commanded an Officer to kill the Beast 13. The Assistants flead him lighted the Wood c. 14. The Sooth-sayer with a long Knife turned the Bowels up and down to observe them and tell his Judgment upon them for they might not touch them with their hands 15. The Priest cast some Frankincense in the Fire with some Wine 16. The Priest taking that part of every Member which the Officers had cut out into a Blatter called Lanx or Discus did litare i. e. cast them into the Flames to appease the God 17. While this was doing the Priest and the Person that gave the Victim did jointly make their Prayers to the God with their hands upon the Altar 18. Then they with the Assistants went to Feast upon the Remainder of the Sacrifice singing the Praises of their God 19. After the Banquet they returned to the Altar and cast into the Flames the Morsells of Meat that were left with the Tongue and some Wine 20. They returned Thanks to the God for the Honour of sharing with him in the Victim 21. At Rome they concluded with Prayers to Janus and Vesta the Tutelary Gods of the Empire N. B. At the beginning the Herald called to the People Favete linguis Afterwards to the Priest Age quod Agis Jewish Their Order of Service in Rome Venice Worms Mentz Frankfort c. at this day out of Mr. Rosse 1. THey wash and scrape their Shoes 2. They enter the Synagogue with great Reverence bowing towards the Ark. 3. Are tied to a set Form of Prayer by Book 4. The People answer Amen Though their Liturgy be in the old Hebrew which the People genearlly understand not 5. They utter divers brief Benedictions and after them some short Prayers 6. Instead of Sacrifices because banished from Jerusalem they read the Law concerning
Faithful or the Revenues of the Church one part was to be allowed to the Bishop two parts for Church Repairs and the Poor and one for the Clerks or Clergy according to their Merits Idem Sum. Decr. Simpl. Pa. 6. That the offerings of such as did not receive the Lord's Supper as did oppress the Poor as laid violent hands upon themselves were not to be accepted Idem c. So also of such as had delivered up their Children to be Baptized by Hereticks Idem 7. That Oblations were not to be made in Lent Idem Mahometan The Mahometan Pilgrims in commemoration of Abraham's Sacrifice offer upon the Plain near Medina 400000 Sheep on the Day of the little Bairam M. de Thev Ancient Heathen 1. Obs the kinds of Sacrifices 1. Humane Sacrifices were offered to Saturn in Carthage c. To Jupiter Apollo Mars Neptune Bacchus Juno Diana Pallas Mercury Moloch c. Amongst the Romans Scythians Cauls Aegyptians c. And some Indians now 2. Beasts and Birds c. 1. White to the Supernal Gods 2. Black to the Infernal 2. A Bull to Jupiter Mars Apollo Neptune Luna the Heroes A Ram to Mars and Jupiter A Horse to Sol and Mars A Doe to Minerva and Pan. A Lamb to Juno and Faunus A Dove to Venus A Sow to Ceres and Cybele A Hog to Sylvanus A Cock to the Lares A He-Goat to Bacchus The Women prostituted their own Bodies to Venus at her Temple for the use of Strangers They must all be 1. Of Fair Colour 2. Free from blemish 3. Not used to Labour 4. Such as they had received no profit from They chose proper Garlands to adorn the Men Sacrifices Altars Vessels e. g. In the Service of Bacchus Myrtle Ceres the Oak Hercules Poplar Apollo Lawrel They chose proper Fewel for the Altars Myrtle for Venus Ash for Mars Oak for Jove c. Natalis Comes tells of Vengeance inflicted for improper Fewel out of Pausanias c. They used proper Seasons of Service In the Morning to the Spernal In the Evening to the Infernal Proper Places On the Plain to the Terrestrial On Hills to the Supernal In Grots and Caves to the Infernal Modern Heathen The East-Indians offer Sacrifice some of them to the Sea and generally to the Idol in their Pagods M. de Thev In Guinea c. if the Fishermen have not a good draught they present a Piece of Gold to the Priest to reconcile them to the frowning Saint who with his Wives makes a kind of Procession through the Streets smiting his Breast clapping his hands with a mighty noise 'till he come to the shoar where they cut down Boughs from certain Trees and hang them on their Necks playing on Timbrels then the Priest turns to the Wives and expostulates with them and throws Wheat and other things into the Sea as an Offering to the Fetisso View of the Engl. Acqu in Guinea c. In Pegu and Bengala the Idols are honoured with Lights continually burning before them Rosse In Goa they wash in a Cistern near the Idol and offer Rice Eggs c. Idem The Gaurs Kids Hens Pigeons In Malabar they Sacrifice Flowers and Cocks to their Idol In Narsinga the Pilgrims offer Gold Silver and Jewels to their Idol Idem In Virginia they offered Tobacco c. In Mexico c. Men. Idem Diabolical Witches give their Soul and Body to the Devil And permit the Devil to suck their Blood once in 24 hours And destroy the lives of as many as they can in Devotion to the Devil Glanvil In Amboyna they offer him Meat and Drink and light a Wax-Candle in a certain place of their Houses and if he comes not they eat most of the Consecrated Meat themselves Mandelslo The like they do in Ceylon Capt. Knox. 4. Purifications Washings c. Jewish PUrification by Water was long in use with the Jews though not Sacramental therefore they expected it at the coming of the Messiah John 1.25 They question'd not his Baptism but his Authority Godw. Antiq. To make a Woman-Profelyte of the Covenant was required Purification by Water and Oblation viz. two Turtles or Pigeons to a Male-Profelyte Circumcision together with Purification and Oblation Idem Purification was used 1. To Males before Circumcision 2. To Women-Proselytes of the Covenant 3. To Women after Child-birth as the Law requires Lev. 12. but with this difference among the Modern Jews That after the birth of a Daughter the Wife retires for 66 or 70 Days her Husband not being permitted to touch her Finger or Clothes or cut in the same Dish or drink in the same Cup with her 'till she hath been washt c. Dr. Addison 4. To Churches Vessels c. Ancient Christian Hither may be referred the Baptism of Christiaus which is a kind of Purification though we have spoken of it before in the Chapter of Sacraments as may also the Lord's Supper in which the Souls of true Believing Communicants are purified in the Blood of Christ that Lamb of GOD which takes away the sins of the World This is that Fountain which was open'd on purpose for sin and for uncleanness which purifies more than the Refiners fire or the Fuller's Soap But ordinarily Repentance is the Christian's purification and that which disposeth and makes us meetly qualified for the Ordinances before-mentioned both which are but declarative of this and supposed in the Judgment of Christian Charity both in Baptism and the Lord's Supper Other Purifications have been added in succeeding Ages by the Papists especially as 1. Purification or Dedication of Churches by Praying Sprinkling the Walls with holy Water and a bundle of Hysop the Clergy and People going about and singing the Bishop knocking the Door with his Crosier saying Lift up your heads O ye gates c. Then entering in with three Servants wishing Peace three times to the House then on his knees to the Altar and praying whilest the Clergy without sing the Litany who afterwards carry in the Relicks of the Saint to which the Church is Dedicated The Walls are painted Salt Water Ashes and Wine are exercised and mixt into which the Bishop having dipt his Thumb makes the sign of the Cross on the Altar Walls Pavement offers Incense blesseth the Church Preacheth c. all enter the Church singing c. 2. Of Altars by going about them 7 times and sprinkling them with Water and Hysop 7 times having first made 4 Crosses on the 4 Horns of the Altars 3. The Putinae the Corporal Chalice Linnen Pix Fonts Crosses Images First-Fruits Holy-Water Salt Church-Yard Bells Easter-Tapers Chests wherein the Relicks of the Saints are kept c. And these Purified or Consecrated with Prayers Washing Crossing Ancinting Incense c. Mahometan The Turks have two kinds of Ablutions 1. Gousl viz. a general washing of the whole body after lying with their Wives Nocturnal Pollution Urine or any Unclean Thing touching them 2. Abdest viz. only of the Hands always before Prayers 3. After easing of
difference there is between their priest and people save that I observed they carried at the end of a Cane a piece of Cow's Tail and that one of them suffered the Nails of his two fore-fingers to grow to the length of Eagles Claw's Mandelslo's Trav. p. 207. Ortelius mentions a strange custom among the Tartars that their Priests on high Trees preach to them and after Sermon besprinkle their Auditors with Blood Milk Earth and Cow-dung mixt together Rosse In Pegu the peoples Alms are brought to the preachers in the pulpits whilst preaching Idem In Mexico the priests did preach on some Festival days to the people Idem Diabolical The Devil useth several ways for the instruction of his Scholars 1. Sometimes he is seen to go in a visible shape through the Countrey as in Sweedland A.D. 1669. and 1670 and appearing dayly to the people working upon the weaker sort by presenting them with Meat and drink not Spiritual Manna 2. Sometimes he assembles his Disciples in a Church by night and appears to them in the Habit of a black man with a little-Band instructing them out of the pulpit Glanvil 3. Sometimes at his night-meetings he exhorts them to observe his Laws to do mischief and promises they shall want nothing Cloths Victuals nor Mony Idem N. B. The Name of God or Jesus Christ is never used or mentionen'd at their Meetings But yet where it may serve for his purpose the Devil can pray and preach too and that exceeding well Vide Dr. Dec's Actions with Spirits Quote Scripture readily S. Matth. c. 4. 6. Sacraments Vows Jewish 1. CIreumcision called a sign Gen. 17. a Seal Rom. 4.11 Observe 1. The Time the 8th day precisely 1. That a Sabbath might pass over it 2. Or to shew that God is not tied to Sacraments in the Salvation of persons 3. Or that it might be out of its legal uncleanness its blood Lev. 22.27 c. 12.2 3. 2. The penalty for Omission viz. Cutting-off by bodily Death probably or Excommunication 3. The manner The Jews 1. Bathe the Child oft to take away the filth 2. Bring it to the Synagogue in Parade with several Boys one bearing a Torch of 12 lights 3. Another a dish of Sand to throw the Prepuce into Another the Circumcisang instrument of wood stone iron c. also oyl rags c. a Cordial Sometimes 4. The Baal-berith gives the Child to Mohel c. See more in Book Second 2. The Passover See before in the Ch. of Times of publick Worship Festivals c. Some Jews will not suffer the Women to make clean the House in preparation for the Passover because they say Talkativeness is so natural to that Sex that they cannot perform the Office with so great silence as is required Dr. Addison Ancient Christian 1. Baptism wherein observe 1. By whom it was administred 1. By the President Just M. Antistes Tertul the Bishop Ignat. Ep. ad Smyrn Tertul. de Bapt. S. Hierom saith it was so in his time Sometimes the Bishop began the Prosbyters carried it on 2. Presbyters and Deacons Tertull. Philip Baptized 3. A Man Orthodox Cyprian with 87 African Bishops more in Con. Carth. was for rebaptizing persons baptiz'd by Hereticks 4. Lay-unordained persons in case of Necessity as Tertull. Hierom c. positively asserts and Conc. Illibar rectified the custom with this proviso that if the person lived he should have confirmation from the Bishop for they account none could be saved without Baptism by Water or Blood Font or Martyrdom 5. Women never allowed to baptize unless among Hereticks 6. Athanasius's case viz. Baptizing when a Boy was rare 2. To whom 1. Infants v. Irenaeum Tertul. Orig. Cypr. c. 2. Adult after they had been Catechised and given account of their proficiency to the Bishop 3. When 1. All times alike at the first afterwards 2. From Easter or Whitsuntide whence dying to sin c. 3. Clinici in case of Sickness or Death any time 4. Where 1. Where was Water Just. M. 2. Ponds Springs Rivers c. Tertul. 3. Baptisteria near or in the Church these were large with a partition for Men and Women 5. How 1. With great nakedness and simplicity 2. Afterwards there was Catechising the Catechumen sate with his Face toward the West hands stretch'd out interrogated insufflated anointed immersed 3 times anointed again and cloathed with a white Garmen Confirmation Infants when adult Adult Persons a little after Baptism were brought to the Bishop and anointed sometimes viz. if they had not had Compleat Baptism vid. Con. Aurant always confirmed by imposition of Hands with devout Prayers that the person confirmed might grow in Grace and be enabled to perform the Vows of Baptism Lords Supper Observe 1. The Persons administring viz. the President only Tertul. de Coron Mil. c. 3. who consecrated the Deacons distributing Just Mart. Apol. 2. 2. The Communicants 1. At first the whole Church 2. As Christians multiplied and a more exact Disciplines grew necessary the Faithful only Catechumens and Penitents being excluded scandalous persons debarred Persons sick or on just causes absent had some little pieces of the Consecrated Bread dipt in the Cup carried to them usually by the Deacon sometimes by any other person 3. Persons dead i. e. such as lapsed and died suddenly to shew that they died in the Communion of the Church This abrogated by the Concil Carth. 3. Trull 1. 4. New Baptized Infants commonly 3. The Time 1. What days Every Lord's Day besides other Days and especially Saturdays on which all the Churches in the World except Rome and Alexandria used to celebrate this Sacrament Socrat. l. 5. c. 22. 2. What time of the Day 1. Our Saviour at Night 2. When the Apostles did is doubtful 3. Tertullian saith at Supper tempore victus 4. In the Morning before day Plin. l. 10. Ep. 97. And Cyprian pleads for the Morning ad Cecil Ep. 63. This Custom obtain'd generally except in some places of Egypt Socrat. l. 5. 3. How often vid. post 1. At first every day as oft as they came together for Publick Worship We receive the Eucharist every day Cypr. de Orat. Dom. So S. Ambrose saith of his Church at Milan So S. Hierom of Rome In the East the custom wore off sooner S. Basil speaks of four times a Week Lord's Day Wednesday Friday Saturday besides Festivals 2. Afterwards once a Week three times a Year c. 4. The Place where 1. Our Saviour in a House at the Jews Passeover 2. The Apostles in an upper Room set apart for Church-Service 3. In Times of Persecution on Mountains Cryptâ— Tombs of Martyrs c. 4. When Temples were built at the East-end of the Church on a Table of Wood or Stone senced in with Rails Out of this place they were forbid to Communicate Laod. Cone Can. 58. unless in great necessity 5. The manner After the Service of the Catechumens 1. They offered all somewhat 2. Out of the Offerings which
Him who hath fed us with His own and of whose Goodness we live All the Guests answer'd Blessed be He of whose Meat we have eaten and of whose goodness we live Then the Master proceeded Blessed be He and blessed be His Name c. annexing a long Prayer in which he gave thanks 1. For present Food 2. Deliverance out of Aegypt 3. Circumcision 4. The Law And Prayed 1. For the People Israel 2. The City Jerusalem 3. Sion the Tabernacle of His Glory 4. The Kingdom of David's House 5. The coming of Elias 6. That God would make them worthy of those Days and the Life of the World to come Then the Guests answer Fear the Lord all ye his Saints for there is no lack c. Afterward he blessed the Cup as before and then drunk round And lastly they sung a Hymn Their gesture was lying on Beds They sent Portions to the needy Ancient Christian The Christian-Feasts used in Primitive Times were called Agapae or Love-Feasts The manner thus 1. They prayed to God before they ventured upon His Creatures 2. Ate but what sufficed Hunger drank no more than consisted with sober and modest Men and fed so as remembring they were to rise at night to worship God 3. When they had done they sung Psalms either of their own Composure or out of the Holy Volumes 4. And as they began so they ended the Feast with Prayer 5. And then departed with the same care to preserve their Modesty and Chastity so that they appeared not so much to have Feasted at Supper as to have fed upon Discipline and Order So Tertullian Mahometan The Mahometans have a kind of Easter-Feast which they call Bayran which lasteth three days in which they enjoy all sorts of Pleasures They have also great Feasting at the Circumcision of their Males They observe divers Festivals Rosse Ancient Heathen The Romans after Sacrificing went to Feast upon the remaining part of the Beast singing the praises of their God After the Banquet they did return to the Altar and cast into the Flames the Morsels of Meat that were left with the Tongue and some Wine and then did return thanks to the God for the honour and advantage of sharing with him in the Victim This ended they concluded with Prayers D Assigny upon Galir p. 26. At their ordinary Feasts they had Libationes To retrench the Expences of their Feasts and oblige them to Frugality and Moderation there were several Laws enacted amongst the Romans called Leges Sumptuariae concerning which more may be seen in A. Gellius Macrobius c. The order and manner of their Feasts was thus 1. As to the time it was commonly at Supper 2. Water was brought to wash with Modern Heathen In Tanquin they keep I casts commonly all Day and Night their most esteem'd Meats are Colt's Flesh and Dog's Flesh most of their Dishes are relished with a kind of Birds-nest which gives them a tast of almost all sorts of Spices They conclude commonly with Comedies and Fire-works Tavernier Diabolical At the Entertainments which the Devil makes for Witches by night Glanvil mentions Wine Cake Roast-Meat Drink Dances Musick And the Devil at Meeting bids them welcome 9. Church-Discipline Excommunication Jewish Observe here 1. THE Causes of Excommunication 1. Among the old Jews were only 1. Leprosie 2. Touching the Dead 3. An Issue 2. Among the Modern Jews are added 1. Scandalizing a Master though dead 2. Reviling a publick Minister of Justice 3. Calling a Free-man a Slave 4. Not appearing at the Consistory c. 5. Undervaluing a single Precept 6. Not doing what is appointed 7. Keeping what may hurt another as a Hiring Dog broken Scales 8. Selling Land to a Gentile 9. Witnessing in a Heathen Court against a Hebrew 10. A Priest Sacrificing and not giving the rest of the Priests their due 11. Working on the Fore-noon before the Passeover 12. Pronouncing the Name of God carelesly or with an Oath or in lofty Hyperbolical Terms 13. Causing the Vulgar to profane it 14. Computing times out of otherwise than their Fore-fathers in the Holy Land 15. Causing the Vulgar to eat holy things out of holy places 16. Causing the Blind to stumble 17. Hindering the Vulgar in any Command 18. A Priest Sacrificing a torn Beast 19. Killing a Beast with a Knife not yet tried by a Rabbi c. 20. Moroseness and backwardness to learn 21. Associating with a Wife after himself hath Divorced her 22. A wise Man or Rabbi of ill Fame 23. Undeservedly Excommunicating another 24. Profaning the Festivals 2. The Kings or Degrees 1. Niddui the lowest 2. Schammatha 3. Cherem Concerning which see in the Second Book Ancient Christian Observe 1. What Crimes All publick in themselves or made known to the Church after private admonition The greatest Temptation was to Idolatry committed 1. By Exposing the Scriptures called Traditores 2. Actual Sacrificing called Thurificati 3. Purchasing a Warrant from the Magistrate to execute them called Libellatici 2. What Penalties viz. Spiritual Excommunication for 2 3 5 7 10 20 30 years sometimes for their whole Life according to the Offence Clergy-men forfeited their Ministry And tho upon repentance admitted to Communion yet but as Lay-men Abstineri 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 c. Anathematizari 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Anathematizari Are all Synonymous terms signifying Excommunication 3. What manner 1. Reproofs and Exhortations were used in the Assembly 2. The Censure was passed not always in a formal manner the Fact being notorious and the offender ipso facto excommunicate The Excommunicate appeared in a sordid habit with a sad Countenance a head hung down tears in their Eyes standing without at the Church-doors never suffered to enter in falling down to the Ministers as they went in and begging the Prayers of all good Christians making open Confession of their Faults This was to satisfy 1. The Church of their Repentance and for the Scandal 2. God by acknowledging the fault and beging pardon 4. The time of Penance ended they addressed themselves to the Governors of the Church for Absolution their repentance examined and found sincere they were openly readmitted by imposition of hands The party kneeling down between the Bishop's knees or the Presbyters in his Absence the Bishop laying his hands on him and blessing him The Penitent was now received with acclamations of joy sometimes weeping for his Recovery to the Lord's Supper c. The set time of Penance was remitted in case of Death Persecution many Offenders Dignity Age c. 4. The Persons Excommunicating 1. The publick Congregation the people Cyprian 2. The Elders President Tertull. 3. The Majores Natu presiding in the Church Firmilian in a letter to Cyprian 4. Only the Bishop Conc. Illiber can 32. or 5. The Presbyter or Deacon in necessity Ibid. Cypr. 6. In the Decian Persecution a publick Penitentiary Martyrs gave sometimes Libellos to mitigate the Penance Mahometan The Mahometans have none but punish by Civil Magistrates
High Creator of all things That the Bishop reads Prayers over the Child in Church before the Baptism and in the River at Baptism while the Godfather plunges the Child three times all over and then to Feasting Papists 1. Doctrines according to the Council of Trent I N. do with a stedfast Faith believe and profess all and every Point contained in the Symbol of the Faith that the Holy Roman Church doth use viz. To believe in God the Father Almighty Maker of Heaven and Earth of all things visible and invisible And in one Lord Jesus Christ the only begotten Son of God and born of the Father before all Worlds God of God Light of Light True God of True God begotten not made of the same Substance with the Father by whom all things were made who for us Men and for our Salvation came down from Heaven was Incarnate by the Holy Ghost of the Virgin Mary and was made Man was crucified for us under Pontius Pilate suffered and was buried and rose again the third day according to the Scriptures and ascended up into Heaven sitteth at the right Hand of the Father and he shall come again with Glory to judge both the Quick and the Dead of whose Kingdom there shall be no end and in the Holy Ghost the Lord and Giver of Life who proceedeth from the Father and the Son who with the Father and the Son together is worshipped and glorified who spake by the Prophets and one Holy Catholick and Apostolick Church I confess one Baptism for the Remission of Sins and I expect the Resurrection of the Dead and the Life of the World to come Amen I do most stedfastly admit and embrace the Traditions of the Apostles and of the Church and all other Observances and Constitutions of the same Church I do likewise admit the Holy Scripture according to that Sense which our Holy Mother the Catholick Church hath holden and doth hold unto whom it doth appertain to judge of the True Sense and Interpretation of the Holy Scriptures neither will I ever understand nor interpret the same otherwise than according to the uniform consent of the Fathers I do also profess that there be truly and properly Seven Sacraments of the New Law and necessary for the Salvation of Mankind although they be not necessary for all Men viz. Baptism Confirmation Eucharist Pennance Extream Unction Orders and Matrimony and that these Sacraments do give Grace and that of them Baptism Confirmation and Orders cannot be reiterated without Sacrilege I do also receive and admit all the received and approved Ceremonies of the Catholick Church in the Solemn Administration of all the aforesaid Sacraments I do embrace and receive all and every of those things which in the Holy Council of Trent have been defined and declared touching Original Sin and Justification I do profess also that in the Mass is offered unto God a true proper and propitiatory Sacrifice for the Quick and Dead and that in the most Holy Sacrifice of the Altar there is truly really and substantially the Body and Blood together with the Soul and Divinity of our Lord Jesus Christ and that there is made a Conversion of the whole Substance of Wine into the Blood which Conversion the Catholick Church doth call Transubstantiation I do also confess that under either kind only is received Christ whole intire and the True Sacrament I do constantly hold that there it Purgatory and that the Souls which be there detained are holpen by the Prayers of the Faithful Also that the Saints who reign together with Christ are to be worshipped and called upon and that they offer up Prayers to God for us and that their Relicks are to be worshipped I do most stedfastly affirm that the Images of Christ of the Mother of God always Virgin and of other Saints are to be had and received and that due Honour and Reverence is to be given to them I do affirm that the Authority of Indulgencies was left by Christ in the Church and that the use of them is very behooveful to Christian People I do acknowledge the Holy Catholick and Apostolick Roman Church to be the Mother and Mistress of all Churches and do promise and swear true Obedience to the Bishop of Rome who is the Successor of St. Peter Prince of the Apostles and the Vicar of Jesus Christ All other things defined and declared by the Holy Canons and Oecumenical Councils and chiefly by the Holy Council of Trent I do undoubtedly receive and profess And also all contrary things and whatsoever Heresies condemned rejected and accursed by the Church I likewise do condemn reject and accurse This True Catholick Faith without which no Man can be Saved which now I do willingly profess and hold I the same I. N. do Promise Vow and Swear to hold and confess most constantly by God's help intire and uncorrupted even to the last end of my Life and to procure as much as shall lye in me that my Subjects or those of whom I shall have care in my Office shall accordingly teach and preach the same So God help me and these Holy Gospels of God Dr. James Library-keeper of Oxford out of Lewis de Grenado 's Sp. Doctrine 2. Vsages and Ceremonies and Traditions 1. In publick Prayers they use the Latine-Tongue 2. In the Commandments they make the First and Second One and divide the Tenth into Two 3. They distinguish Sins into 1. Mortal by which only they say the Commandments are broken which are 1. Pride 2. Covetousness 3. Leachery 4. Anger 5. Gluttony 6. Envy 7. Sloth 2. Venial Not contrary to the end of the Commandments i. e. to Charity e. g. an idle Word an officious or jesting Lie stealing of a Pin or Apple c. not killing but disposing to mortal Sin 4. They say 't is possible necessary and easie by the assistance of God's Grace to keep all the Commandments 5. That mortal sin is remitted by 1. Hearty Penance 2. Contrition 6. That venial sin is remitted by 1. All the Sacraments 2. Holy-water 3. Devout Prayer c. 7. The punishment Of mortal sin is Hell for ever 7. The punishment Of venial sin is Purgatory 8. That there are six Sins against the Holy Ghost 1. Despair of Salvation 2. Presumption of God's Mercy 3. Impugning the known Truth 4. Envy at others known good 5. Obstinacy in Sin 6. Final Impenitence 9. That there are four crying Sins 1. Wilful Murder 2. The Sin of Sodom 3. Oppression of the Poor 4. Defrauding VVork-men of their VVages 10. There be three principal Counsels of Christ to his Church 1. Voluntary Poverty 2. Perpetual Chastity 3. Obedience to another's will in all that is not Sin 11. There be six Commandments of the Church principally 1. To hear Mass on all Sundays and Holy-Days if opportunity serve 2. To Fast 1. Lent 2. Vigils commanded 3. Ember-Days and Fridays by custom of England 4. To abstain from Flesh on Saturdays 3. To confess
the Alms and this is done every Lord's Day and the Purse laid upon the Communion-Table 7. Then the Minister prays again concluding with the Lord's prayer 8. After which they sing another Psalm and conclude with the Blessing Afternoon-Service 1. At one a clock the Bell rings and calls to Catechism which is begun with a Psalm and prayer and concluded with a prayer also the minister in the rehearsal of it standing before the Communion-Table 2. Then the Bells ring again for the Evening-Service which is much what in the same manner with the Morning-Service Note that in some Churches they have Organs in others none Lutherans of the Palatinate On Week-days they have Prayers every Morning and in some places Morning and Evening their Order thus 1. They sing as on Sundays taking the Psalms before them in order as they go one day the 1st and 2d Psalms the next the 3d and 4th c. 2. The Minister Prays in short 3. He reads a Chapter out of the Old Testament and another out of the New 4. He reads a Form of Common-Prayer one single Prayer for all necessities Emperors Magistrates c. by Book the People all the while lifting up their hands closed together concluding with the Lord's Supper 5. He ends with the Blessing Note 1. In some places they have Prayers on Wednesdays in others on Wednesdays and Fridays 2. Every first Wednesday in the Month is a Prayer-day the Shops being shut and no body daring to work till after Sermon 3. The Lord's Supper is administered in some places monthly in others quarterly The Posture standing notice is given before hand and the Minister goes with the Church-warden from House to House a Fortnight before to examine them of their fitness and the day before he gives a preparation Sermon and puts Interrogatories to the People taking a kind of Confession from them and requiring their Answer Yes 4. At Baptism the Midwife holds the Child the Godfather and Godmother standing by whilst the Minister takes water out of a Bason on the Communion-Table and sprinkles it on the child In the Name of the Father the Son and the Holy Ghost 5. On Whitsunday they sing one of Luther's Hymns to this purpose Now we beseech thee Holy Ghost Through Faith thou wilt us keep That when this world we shall depart In thee Lord we may sleep Kyrie Eleison Thou the true Light enlighten us Let us know thee alone Who in our Father's Countrey hast Thy mercy to us shown Kyrie Elison c. It consists of two such Stanzaes more each concluding with Kyrie Eleison 2. Calvinists 1. Their Doctrines and Discipline They hold absolute Praedestination Ordinatination by Priests appoint Synods at stated times and places are for the assistance of Lay-elders in the use of the Ministry condemn Diocesan Episcopacy and all significant Ceremonies Lent days of Saints the Cross in Baptism together with all unnecessary impositions the use of Godfathers and Godmothers in Baptism and the Government of Bishops without the Assistance of Presbyters Mr. Ric. Baxter 2. Their Worship and Usages 1. In the Canton of Zurick 1. Their Morning Service 1. In the morning on Sundays they begin with Grace Peace and Mercy from Almighty God be at all times with us miserable sinners Amen And then in a certain Form Pray for the Magistrates Burger-master Persecuted Churches sick and afflicted and distracted Persons about which the Minister is allowed to enlarge his Prayers concluding always with the Lords Prayer 2. The Minister kneels down having laid his Book on the Pulpit Prays in silence for himself as the People also do 3. He delivers his Sermon by Heart as they are all enjoyned to do 4. In case of Wedding he publishes the Banns thus These following Honest persons c. but in case of scandalous unchastness the word Honest is left out 5. If any be Dead that week the Minister names them praiseth God for their deliverance out of this Thraldom into everlasting Joy advising them to be watchful c. 6. Next follows a short general confession of sins I poor sinful wretch c. and after that a Prayer for the Sabbath all Kings and Estates of Christendom the Cantons of Switzerland c. concluded with the Lord's Prayer 7. The Minister turning towards the People saith For God's sake remember always the Poor in your Alms Pray constantly one for another Pray to God for me which I also will do for you tho this only the Lord Antistes is used to say and after the Administration of Holy Baptism and the Christian Hymn is finished to the praise of God depart in peace And the grace of God be with you 8. After this the Minister goes down from the Pulpit to the Font to Christen the Children if there be any to be Baptized 9. Then the chief Chanter with his Scholars begins a Psalm taking the Book of Psalms in order before them throughout in the year the whole Congregation of men Women and Children following with distinct Voices and a most Melodious Harmony N. B. Young Ladies and Gentlewomen learn of their Minister to sing and play on Virginals but are forbidden Dancing 2. Their latter Morning-Service begins At Nine a Clock with a short Form much what as in the former Morning-Service and then Sermon and last of all with a short Confession of Sin and Prayer for God's Mercy and the Lord's Prayer and another pretty long Form of Prayer he concludes adding Pray continually c. depart in peace On Sunday-Mornings they always preach on one of the Four Evangelists their Sermons are an hour long or near it Heathen Authors seldom mentioned and the Primitive Fathers but sparingly The Text expounded out of the Hebrew or Greek Originals meer Morality preach'd is sharply censured by the Chapter or Synod 3. Their Noon-Service 1. The Minister useth the same Form of Prayer as he used before the Sermon in the Morning concluding with the Lord's Prayer c. 2. He rehearses the Ten Commandments and the Apostles Creed concluding them with a Collect. 3. Then either continuing in the Pulpit or going from Pew to Pew according to his discretion over against the Font which is placed near the Quire he examines the Children and Youths even 'till they are capable of the Lord's Supper or 'till Marriage in some places out of the Tigurine-Catechism or takes an account of several Lessons out of Holy Scripture which he had assign'd them before 4. Then out of the Pulpit he makes a Paraphrase or Explication of the Questions he ask'd 5. At last he concludes with a Prayer O merciful God who preparest Praises to thy self out of the mouths of Babes and Sucklings c. Concluding with the Lord's Prayer At this Service the Parents are bound to be present under pain of Censure and Rebuke of the Minister or Consistory 4. Their Evening-Service for they have Service four times a day consists 1. Of a Form before the Sermon for themselves for the
rebuke and warn notorious Sinners both publickly and privately and if they continue after their third Warning in their Ungodliness as Swearing Drunkenness c. then they are to inform the Governours and Presidents of the respective Counties of that Canton who issue Warrants for apprehending of them and putting them in Prison where they are fed with Bread and Water until they become other Men at least in outward behaviour 4. But as to Fornicators Adulterers Thieves c. there needs no such warning of the Ministers for such upon Conviction are apprehended by the Subordinate Magistrate and punished accordingly 5. Blasphemers are without any Mercy put to Death 6. No Gentleman or Lady of what Quality soever except a Forreigner dares communicate in a coloured or modish Apparel but in a modest black Suit with a black Cloak a Bonnet and a Band The Women are to use always to Church only Black without Laces Gold Silver c. Their Matrimony 1. The Minister after Sermon and the ordinary Service ended coming down from the Pulpit with his Back towards the Quire and his Face to the People kneeling on the lowest step saith In the Name of God Amen This is to let you know that these two honest Persons N. N. here present intend c. If therefore any Person c. 2. After a short silence and none protesting against the Marriage he reads the Gospel Matt. 19. v. 3 c. adding Believe these words of God and consider that God hath joyned you together in the blessed State of Matrimony c. 3. With his right hand taking the right hands of the Bridegroom and Bride he asks N. Desirest thou for God's sake to take N. for thy Wife in Holy Matrimony Then say Yea. And in like manner he asks the Bride 4. He binds their right hands together saying This ratifie God the Father the Son and the Holy Ghost Amen 5. Then taking off his right hand he saith Thou Husband oughtest to maintain protect and love thy Wife as Christ loved his Church c. And thou Wife to love and to obey thy Husband Head and Master c. and afterwards to both together 6. Then after an Exhortation of the People to Prayer bidding them say after him O Almighty God who in the beginning of thy handy-works didst create a Man out of the dust of the ground c. Our Father c. he Blesses them and bids them depart in Peace Observe 1. No Minister dares marry any of another Parish without a License and Approbation of his Pastor 2. Nor without consent of the Parents 3. Nor without Publication in Church some Sunday morning 4. If Parents will not give their free consent both Parents and Persons are to be cited before the Matrimonial Court consisting of the Antistes or Arch-deacon and the prime of the Clergy c. sitting at Zurick every week where if the reason alledged be Immoralities the Marriage is stop'd but if smallness of Portion or Joynture 't is declared valid 5. No Divorce except in case of Adultery or one of the Parties turning Papist and repairing to a Cloister or Monastery 6. The Bride during the Solemnization of the Marriage and some days after both in the Church and at home wears a Chaplet or Garland made of Marjoram Rosemary c. and embroidered with wreathen Gold and Silver Laces and set in Pearls and Granates c. as a Token of her Virginity and Innocency But if with Child before Marriage by a strict Law it is forbidden and the Bridegroom instead hereof is fined to pay a considerable Sum of Money into the Matrimonial Court Their Funeral Service 1. The Relations and Friends are invited to come between three and four a Clock afternoon 2. At that precise time the Men place themselves without the Door of the House standing on rows against the Walls the Women in the Mourning-house c. 3. Then the People who are invited come and joyning their hands to some of the nearest Relations say The Lord comfort you in your Affliction and then turn back and joyn in some row 4. The Corpse presently after four a clock is carried to the Grave the People going into Church 5. Then the Minister in the Pulpit or at the Font saith Dearly Beloved in Jesus Christ whereas the Almighty and Merciful God hath taken out of this Thraldom and called to his Fatherly Mercy and Glory our dear Brother c. N. N. and you have been pleased to accompany him to the place of Burial wherefore the nearest Relations N. N. naming them of the Deceased render you their most humble Thanks c. 6. Then he concludes with a pretty long Prayer wherein he gives Thanks to God for delivering this their fellow-member out of the Thraldom of this Transitory Life and having through Christ made him partaker of his Everlasting and Heavenly Kingdom c. and so ends with a Benediction 7. Every one makes some silent Prayer by himself and then every one goes to his own home Note 1. A Son or Daughter Mourns two years for their Parents in wearing black Apparel and a Bonnet The Parents one year for a Child 2. Those that are dead-born are buried in private without this Service 3. Feloes de se by the Hang-man in a place appointed for Malefactors Mr. Werndly 's Liturgia Tigurina 2. In France 1. Their Doctrine is contained in the 40 Articles of their Confession of Faith and agrees with that of the Church of England 2. Their Government was Presbyterian and tho they humbly confessed that Form not the same which was instituted by Christ and his Apostles yet they conceive it not altogether contrary to the intention of Christ their circumstances not permitting them to have that which is truly Divine and Apostolical They are not against Episcopal Government 3. They have a Liturgy Baptism and the Lord's Supper and also Marriage are celebrated with a set Form 4. They have a large Catechism of which they give an Exposition on Sundays in the afternoon 5. Their way of Worship is thus for the Morning 1. The Reader reads some Chapters 2. Calls for some Psalms to be sung 3. He reads the 10 Commandments 4. The Minister in the Pulpit reads out of the Common-prayer-book one sentence of Scripture with a short Exhortation to the People 5. Then follows a Confession 6. Then the Minister calls for a Psalm 7. Afterwards a short Prayer in a Form left to his own liberty which is always the same except on extraordinary occasions 8. A Sermon 9. The Minister Prays again out of the Book for about a quarter of an Hour viz. for forgiveness of sin for all Princes especially their own and the Royal Family for the Ministers of the Church and in especial manner for those that are dispersed under the Tyranny of Antichrist and lastly for the present Assembly 10. They conclude their Prayers with the Lord's Prayer 11. Then they Rehearse the Creed and sing a Psalm most commonly the 117.
for it Rosse Tho the Jews in Barbary are not forbid the reading of the Bible yet the Vulgar upon pain of Excommunication must acquiesce in the sense of the Masters this was told as a Secret by R. Aaron ben Netas Dr. Addison The Pentateuch is divided into 52 Sections that so it may be read over in a year See more in Mr. Rosse Swearing by God is a sussicient cause of Excommunication with the Modern Jews Dr. Addison Christians Nazianzen severely chides his dear Friend Greg. Nyssen that rejecting the Holy Scripture the most excellent Writing in the World which he was wont to read both privately and publickly he had given himself to the study of forreign and profane Authors Dr. Cave Augustine Conf. l. 3. c. 5. l. 7. c. 21. complains that at his first reading of the Sacred Scriptures he despised them for the simplicity of their stile not comparable to the Eloquence of Tully but afterwards being unsatisfied with Tully and Plato greedily set upon S. Paul's Epistles and thereupon became inflamed with a Love of Divine Studies yet in the reading of Cicero he was not pleased because he could not find the name of Christ there Blesilla a devout Widow weak and sickly was never found without a Bible in her hand Hieron Olympia Fulvia Morata born at Ferrara in a Letter to the young Princess of that place she saith after getting out from the Idolatry of her own Countrey c. It may seem incredible to you what a change the Lord then made upon my Spirit that former aversion I had to read the Scripture was then turned to have it as my greatest delight and pleasure in the World c. Anonym Chrysostome having Preach'd many Sermons against Swearing at Antioch the people being weary ask'd him when he would leave Preaching To whom he Answered when you leave Swearing Would you have the Plaister taken away before the wound be Cured Ancient Heathens Pythagoras if he be the Author in his Golden Verses and Isocrates c. advise us to revere or be afraid of an Oath Mahometans Mahomet the great promising to his Soldiers the Spoil of Constantinople swore by the Turks great Oath By the Immortal God and by the 400 Probhets by Mahomet by his Father's Soul by his own Children and by the Sword wherewith he was girt Knolles Persians The Persians are mightily addicted to ill Language and Cursing but they never Blaspheme God for is they should hear one Swear or with themselves at the Devil they would cry out in astonishment is not that fellow a fool to give himself to the Devil and renounce Paradise All their Oaths are Ser-azire-sha by the King 's beloved Head or Erva Pigumbir by the Spirit of the Prophet I remember once at Galata walking with some of the French Embassadors Servants we saw two Turks at Cuffs In the end after 1000 curses on one side the other replied no more than this I wish thy Soul may have no more repose in Paradise than the Hat of a French-man hath in this world alluding to our putting them off so often M. Tavernier l. 5. c. 14. Armenians At Egmiasin the Arch-bishop took the Book wherein he had read the Gospel and gave it the Patriarch Bishops and all the people to kiss On the one side of the Cover of that Book are two Relicks Enchased which are cover'd with Crystal M. Tavernier l. 1. c. 3. Persians The Duke of Holstein's Embassador in his Persian Travels tells us Whilst I was viewing one of their Schools or Colleges one of the Regents who read publick Lectures perceiving that I had caused to be Engraven on a Cane which I had for a walking-staff in Arabick Bismi Alla rahman rachim i. e. In the Name of the Merciful God which shews Mercy he desired me to bestow it on him promising to give me a better but finding some difficulty he cut out the word Alla God and put it in a clean paper saying the name of God should not be on a staff thrust in the dirt Muscovites Tho in their quarrels they seldom break out into horrid Oaths and Imprecations yet upon Trivial occasions especially in their dealings they stick not to swear at every word and have incessantly in their mouths their Po Chrestum by Christ making the sign of the Cross at the same time Perjury is severely punish'd first cruelly whipt then banish'd D. of Holstein's Emb. Trav. Amonst the Tartars when a person is dangerously ill the Moullah comes with the Alcoran which he opens and shuts three times and lays it to his Face and upon recovery 't is attributed to the Alcoran M. Taver Mahometans The Mahometans never mention the Name of Christ but with high Reverence and Respect In naming the name of God they must bow and add Most high blessed mighty c. Of Mahomet they must add May God augment his Graces Of other Messengers God is satisfied with them Of Other Doctors May the mercy of God rest upon them The great Mogul himself would speak most respectfully of our Blessed Saviour Christ saith my Author If the Mahometans find a bit of Paper in the the way they take it up and put it in some place of a Wall because the Name of God is or may be written in it So that the holes of the walls are always to be seen stuck full of them for the same reason they use no Paper when they go to ease themselves Yet for all this Reverence they swear by the Name of God at every turn and speak not three words without an Vllah i. e. by God M. de Thevenot A sight it is no less strange than ridiculous to behold the Honour they do unto the Camel at his return unto Constantinople which carried their Alcoran amongst a Caravan of many thousand Pilgrims towards Mecha crowding about him as led through the streets some pulling off his Hairs and preserving them as Relicks some kissing others with his Sweat besmearing their Eyes and Faces and at last cutting him into little gobbets and giving thereof to eat to their Friends and Families Sandy's Trav. l. 2. Modern Heathens The Bramins forbear Swearing and Blasphemy Sir Th. Herb. The Japanese's hate Calumniators Swearers and Gamesters Mandelslo The Gaurs when they put any one to their Oaths Swear them before their Sacred Fire for which they have a very great Veneration M. Tavernier Reverence to God's Name Swearing c. Jews THE Jews permit not their Children to use the name of God till seven years old that they may retain a greater Veneration for that Holy and Reverend name and therefore the first Salutations of Children are plainly May you have a good day I wish you a good Sabbath c. Dr. Addison The Esseans account every word they speak of as much force as if they had bound it with an Oath and they shun Oaths worse than Perjury for they account him a Liar who needs to call God to Witness Joseph de Bell. Jud. l. 2.
c. 7. Christians 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 For how saith St. Chrysoston is it not Absurd that a Servant should not dare to call his Master by name or bluntly and ordinarily to mention him yet that we slightly and contemptuously should in our Mouth toss about the Lord of Angels How is it not Absurd if we have a Garment better than the rest that we forbear to use it continually but in the most slight and common way to wear the Name of God Dr. Barrow 's Sermon How grievous Indecency is it at every turn to Summon our Maker and call down Almighty God from Heaven to attend our Pleasure to vouch our idle Prattle to second our giddy Passions to concern his Truth Justice Power in our trivial Affairs Idem What Presumption is it with unhallowed Breath to vent and toss that Great and Glorious Holy and Reverend Fearful and terrible Name of the Lord our God the Great Creator the Mighty Sovereign the Dreadful Judge of all the Word what Name which all Heaven with profoundest Submission doth adore which the Angelical Powers the Brightest and Purest Seraphim without hiding their Faces and reverential Horrour cannot utter or hear the very thought whereof should strike an awe through our Hearts the mention whereof should make any Sober Man to tremble Idem A good Man should 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 and exhibit 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Idem ex Clem. Al. Strom. 7. c. Chrysostom preach'd many Sermons to the People of Antioch against Swearing but they being weary of the Subject ask'd when he would leave off Preaching To whom he answered When you leave off Swearing Would you have the Plaister taken away before the Wound be cured Calamy a Fast-Sermon The best way to attest the Truth of what is spoken is to call God to Witness this is the Form of Swearing which we Christians use Athan. Apol. ad Constant. Imp. St. Chrysostom saith It was customary to come into the Church and to Swear upon the Communion-Table taking the Holy Gospels into their hands Dr. Cave St. Basil exhorts them that had Sworn rashly or in unlawful cases to Repentance appoints Perjured Persons Banishment from Communion eleven Years Idem Vegetius de Re Milit. l. 1. a Heathen Author living in the time of Valentinian Jun. sets down this as the Military Oath of the Christians By God Christ and the Holy Spirit and the Majesty of the Emperor Idem Novatus taking his Followers Hands wherein they held the Sacramental Elements caused them to Swear by the Body and Blood of our Lord Jesus Christ that they would not desert him Euseb Pope Pius appointed forty days Penance with Bread and Water and seven Years following for a Perjured Person that was Free three Forties or Lents Penance and lawful Holy-days for him that was bound Carrauz Decr. Pii Pap. If any Swear by God's Hair or Head if in Orders let him be deposed if a Lay-man Excommunicated c. Idem ibid. Dr. Taylor to the Bishop of London degrading him When the Bishop according to the Formality should have struck him on the Breast with his Crozier and his Chaplains disswaded him from it because he would strike again Yes said he by St. Peter will I for it is the Cause of Christ And again to Mr. Bradford the same Doctor relating the Story told him I have fâ—ightned the Bishop of London for that his Chaplains thought I would have struck him and by my Troth quoth he rubbing his hands I made him believe I would do so indeed Fox's Martyrol Papists Bishop Bonner swore frequently by God by St. Mary by St. Augustine by the Blessed Sacrament Allhallows by my Faith Troth Ibid. Common Swearing among the Papists a venial Sin Aug. de Clavasio Mahometans Vallahi or Tallahi i. e. by God a usual Form of Swearing among the Mahomitans About ten years ago an Arabian well known to me Ahmed Ibn Ali a Suliensian was reproved by the Famous Golius for Swearing took it well and gave thanks for reducing him from that Pernicious and Damnable Custom Hottinger Ancient Heathens 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 An Oath is a most dreadful thing Arist Reverence an Oath 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Pythag. aur Carm. The best way of observing an Oath is if you neither use it frequently nor rashly nor in common matters nor for the amplification of Speech nor confirmation of a Relation but in things necessary and solemn and when there is no other way to procure Credit c. Hierocl in Curm Pyth. vid. Isocr ad Demonic Sect. 30. With the Scythians the Swearer's Punishment was loss of his Estate with the Persians Bondage with the Grecians cutting off the Ears with the Romans throwing down a steep Rock Anon. With the English now Payment of one Shilling Praying unto God Jews THE Jews in Barbary resort to Prayer thrice every day in their Oratories 1. At Sun-rising for two hours together which is called Tephillah Sabarit or Morning Prayer 2. About three a clock in the Afternoon which is called Tephillah Minscha or Evening Prayer 3. After Sun-set which is Tephillah arvit or Night Prayer These two last Services are not both of them above an hour long Dr. Addison They pray also to the Angels in their Retirements for the necessary Evacuations of their Body thus Most Holy and most Glorious Ministers of the most High I beseech you keep preserve and help me wait till I come in and go out for this is the Custom and way of all Men. Idem There is an Univesal Agreement among them that they ought every day to say over a hundred Benedictions viz. At washing in the Morning 23 at entrance into the Synagogue six at putting on the Zizith one at putting on the Tephillim one at every one of the three Offices in the Synagogue eighteen three after Dinner two before Night at going to sleep two and as many at Dinner and Supper Idem The Pharisees spent one quarter of the day in Prayer Dr. Hall Christians St. James the Just went daily to the Church and there kneeling on the Pavement prayed so that his Knees became hard and brawny as Camels Dr. Cave out of Euseb Nazianzen saith his Mother Gorgonia prayed so oft that her Knees were hard and did as it were stick to the Ground Idem The Barking of Dogs the Bellowing of Oxen the Grunting of Hogs pleaseth God better than the Canting of Luxuriant Clergy-men Hibernic ex August Thou didst afflict me with Pain of the Teeth and when it was so great that I could not speak it came into my Mind to admonish all my Friends present to Pray for me unto the God of all Health And I wrote this in Wax and gave it to them to be read As soon as we had kneeled down the Pain went away I was amazed I confess my Lord my God for I had never found any thing like it in all my Life August l. 9. Conf. c. 4. Constantine the Great caused his Image in all his
Pagod and walking from one end to the other pray again them strip stark naked shew their privy Parts to their Gods striking them with their hands then call for Water to wash themselves in the Face of the Congregation Ibid. Jews and Greeks Neither Jews nor Greeks use the posture of Kneeling in Prayer Praising of Him Singing Psalms c. Jews THE Jews at the pronouncing of Holy Holy Lord God of Sabaoth jump up three times They begin their publick Service with the Psalms Ps 3.7 c. Dr. Addison Christians S. Augustine saith We have the Precept and Example of our Saviour and his Apostles for singing in our Assemblies And he saith The custom of Churches were very different about this Matter In the Churches of Africa he saith They confined themselves to the Prophetical Hymns for which they were upbraided by the Donatists as too grave and formal But he allows Singing for one of the Solemn Parts of Divine Service with which he joyns Reading of Lessons Preaching and Prayer either aloud by the Bishop or in common by the Deacons giving notice Dr. Stilling Orig. Sacr. Pliny reports it l. 10. Ep. 97. as the main part of the Christians Worship that they met together before Day to joyn in singing Hymns to Christ as God Dr. Cave Concerning Singing see more in Dr. Burnet's History of the Reformation Fox's Martyrol Dr. Jackson's Notes on the O. T. Calvin's Instit Strabo Walafride The Christian's Companion c. Chrysostom saith That one may be said to sing 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 though all sing after him so that the Voice comes as it were from one Mouth Hom. 36. in 1 Ep. ad Cor. p. 487. Athanasius commanded the Deacon to read the Psalm and the People to answer For his Mercy endureth for ever Apol. de Fug p. 717. Sozomen saith They who were skilful were Praecentors and that the multitude 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 l. 5. c. 19. In the constitutions Apostol 't is adjoyned that one should sing the Psalms of David and that the People should sing after the ends of the Verses 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 l. 2. c. 57. S. Basil saith In his time they did 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 And then permitting one to begin the Melody 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Ep. 63. ad Cler. Neoc S. Austine speaking of the time when he was Baptized of Milain concludes thus How much did I weep at thy Hymns and Songs being sharply moved with the sweet Melody of thy Church Those words flowed into my Ears and thy Truth melted into my heart and thence bubbled up an Affection of Piety and my Tears run and I was well-pleased therewith l. Conf. 9. c. 6 7. How the same S. Augustine was passionately moved to Grief and Indignation against the Manichees in reading the fourth Psalm v. l. Conf. 9. c. 4. wishing that they might have been privately present to have seen him reading himself not knowing that they were present c. And how also he was angry with himself for past Faults and all others that loved Vanity Theodosius Junior rising early every Morning together with his Sisters interchangeably sung Psalms of Praise Dr. Cave S. Hierom speaking not of the Universal Church in Solemn Assemblies but what the Companies of solitary Virgins are wont to do of their own accord saith In the Morning at 3 6 9 a Clock at Evening and at Mid-night they sing Psalms only on Sundays they went into the Church Bullinger's Decads Sometimes they had Dances in their Churches and Chapels of the Martyrs Theodor. l. 3. c. 22. Praise Thanksgiving Protestants THE Protestants in England and Holland and Germany in some places use Organs In the Canton of Bern they use Trumpets in singing Psalms Conr. Werndly Liturg. Tigur The Lutherans in Swedeland c. have Organs and Bells in all their Churches Mangi The Sick here vow to offer their Blood to their Idols if they recover to which also they Sacrifice Rams with black Heads which with spiced Drinks they eat with singing and dancing Pâ—â—quet broke open Vol. 2. Cathay The Tartars here place their Idols at the entrance of their Tents and to them they offer the primitiae of Milk Meat Drink and the Hearts of Beasts all which they place before their Silken and Felt-Gods all Night and eat in the Morning Pacquet broke open Vol. 2. Tunquin The King of Tunquin after the Solemnities of his Inauguration takes his time to go and give thanks to his false Deities for his coming to the Crown when the Moon first changes shutting himself up for the first Week with the Bonzes and living in common with them with a great deal of Frugality During which time he visits the Hospitals gives orders for the building a Pagod c. Tavern Col. of Relat. c. Armenians The Armenians sing and play on Cymbals while the Communion is Administred D. of Holst Amb. Travels p. 208. After Dinner they go to Church where they sing certain Hymns Tavern l. 1. c. 4. p. 18. Mahometans After Perfuming of their Head Beard and Turbant with a Fumigation of Lignum Aloes the Mahometans lift up their hands on high and cry Elmendela i. e. Thanks be to God Tavern Acâ—â—et VIII Emperor of the Turks upon Tidings of a Peace made with the Christians at Buda with a number of Janizaries and others in great Magnificence went to the Church to give thanks to his Prophet Mahomet Knolls p. 1269. Moors The Moors about Fez On the finishing a work or Journey say Ham der illah i. e. Thanks be unto God Morden Geogr. The Mahometans at perfuming their Beards cry Illemed Illah i.e. God be thanked Tavernier When they meet a Friend upon the Road they say El ham dillah al salam tipsi i. e. God be praised that I see thee well Idem Among the Moors some of their Religious Santoes much more horrible than the Dervises clothed as the Dancers and have Felt-caps as they pray oftener viz. On Tuesdays and Thursdays about 10 or 11 a Clock at Night All meet at the call of him who goes to the Tower sing some Verses of the Alconan which they often repeat so that they have enough to last them till day clapping hands playing on Drums and such Instruments About the middle of their Singing they rise upright and put themselves into a ring one behind another he who is chief sings some Prayers aloud the rest answer Allah i. e. God making at every time a low bow and this with such straining without intermission and such bending of their Body that they look like Men Possess'd especially at the latter end when the Drum beats faster and the rest say Allah to every stroke of the Drum so that they foam like mad-dogs some void Blood at the Mouth This lasts about half an hour but towards the end they say nothing hut Hou i. e. He as wanting strength to say Allah Then they rest sing other Prayers and towards the end start up again and begin their sweet
to Church Mr. Hales Let. from Dort to Sir D. Carleton Helvetia One of the Helvetian Deputies declared That with them all Persons before Marriage were to be Examined by the Minister else their Marriage was to be deferr'd Idem A Catechism answering in bare Texts of Scripture was desired by the Remonstrants at the Synod of Dort to gain Anabaptists c. Idem Palatinate In the Palatinate in Sundays at one a Clock the Bell rings duly to Assemble the young People together at Church in order to be Catechised where Persons grown up to Men and Women submit themselves willingly to Catechetical Instruction and aged Persons disdain not to give their Presence The Ordinance is attended with Psalms and Prayers Protestants of France The Protestants of France have a large Catechism which they expound on Sundays Afternoon Papists The Papists have their Catechism likewise and Catechising used amongst them See afterwards under the Title of Discipline Frequency and Devotion at the Sacrament Jews THey embrace Circumcision for a Sacrament of Divine Institution and a Sign and Seal of the Covenant seldom deferring it longer than the eighth day doing it sometimes at home the Richer in the Synagogue The chief Officer or Circumciser is Mohel the God-father is called Baal-berith who receives the Child at the Synagogue-Door with this Acclamation Blessed is he the Child or Elias that comes and holds the Child to the Mohel who gives GOD thanks for this Sacrament given to Abraham Whilest the Fore-skin is taking away the Father thanks the Lord that he gave Abraham a heart to fulfill the Law of Circumcision and preserv'd him to see this his Son circumcised When he hath done the Mohel prays that the Child may live to see his Sons thus initiated may keep the Law and do good Works Then he taking a Cup of Wine and blessing God for creating the Vine and giving it an exhilarating Vertue dips the little Finger of his left Hand thrice in the Wine and lets it drop in the Child's mouth and having tasted it himself reaches it to the Congregation After which the Mohel gives GOD thanks that he hath Sanctified the Child in the Womb and hath brought it to the Foederal-Sacrament c. Then he takes the Infant from the Baal-berith and delivering it to the Father gives it a Name praying for him c. Dr. Addison I forgot to tell that at the Baal-berth's giving the Child to the Mohel is sung Deut. 15. They are not peremptory about the precise time of eight Days I knew one Jacob Israel Balgara born in Spain Circumcised in Barbary in the fortieth Year of his Age. They are careful not to delay the first occasion of being Circumcised The negligence of Parents herein is liable to Excommunication If a Child die before the eighth day 't is Circumcised at the place of Burial with only giving it a Name c. In the celebration of the Passeover they run home from the Synagogues at Even where they have in one Dish three Cakes in another a rosted Leg of Lamb with an hard Egg in another Pap and spiced Wine and divers Fruits in another Lettice Parsley c. Rosse Christians Serapion having lapsed and on his Death-bed desiring Reconciliation and the Sacrament and none being willing to communicate with him he sent his Boy to the Pastor who being also sick sent the Eucharist by the Boy after he had re-received the Sop he immediately died Dr. Cave Calvinists A Gentleman of no mean rank being a Candidate of Divinity and assisting at the Administration of the Sacrament while he was holding the Cup fixed his Eyes upon a Gentlewoman who was betrothed to him She some days after at her Father's House ask'd him the Reason He told her because he had almost a fancy to drink her Health Whereupon she began to hate and utterly detest him and the Matter being spread abroad he was taken Prisoner and some Weeks after Condemned and Beheaded Werndley in his Liturgia Tigurina Heathens Gaurs The Gaurs in Persia at the Birth of their Children practise something like our Baptism for some days after the Child is born they wash it with Water wherein certain Flowers are first boyl'd and during that dipping the Priest who is present makes certain Prayers If the Child dye without that washing they do not believe but that it goes to Paradise but the Parents shall give an account for their neglect because the washing encreases his Favour in the sight of GOD. M. Tavern l. 4. Armenians The Armenians always Communicate at their Marriage and during the Administration they Sing and play on certain great Cymbals D. of H. Emb. Trav. Those aged Persons that Communicate not once a Year and Children dying unbaptized are not buried in the Church-yard Idem p. 208. Muscovites Those Muscovites who receive the Sacrament prepare themselves by extraordinary Mortifications for eight days eating nothing but a hard kind of Bread and drinking nothing but Water and Quas which is so sowre that it wrings the Belly and brings to Death's door and make their Confession Such as have taken an Oath lately in any Law-suit or committed Murder or any heinous Sin are debarr'd 'till death There are but few that neglect to receive the Sacrament at Easter Sacraments Muscovites THE Muscovites think Baptism the only Door through which a Man must enter into Christ and so into Paradise They Baptize their Children as soon as born if weak at home if well at Church The way thus 1. The Priest receives the Child at the Church-Door from the God-father and God-mother crosses and blesses him saying The Lord preserve thy going out and coming in receives Wax-Candles uses Incense c. 2. Makes a Procession about the Font 3 times with the God-father c. the Clerk going before with the Picture of S. John the Priest reading in the interim c. 3. The God-fathers give the Child's Name in Writing which the Priest puts on an Image upon the Child's breast saying over certain Prayers 4. He asks the God-fathers if the Child believe in God the Father Son and H. Ghost 5. All turn their Backs upon the Font to shew their horrour for those three Questions that are to be ask'd afterwards viz. If he renounced the Devil his Angels and his Works To which the God-fathers answer three times and spit so often on the ground 6. Then they face about and the Priest asks If they will bring up the Child in the true Greek Religion 7. He Exorcises the Child by putting his hand on him and blowing three times cross and saying Get out of this Child thou unclean Spirit 8. He cuts off a little of the Child's hair puts it in a Book dips the naked Child three times in the Water In the Name of the Father Son and Holy Ghost 9. Puts a corn of Salt in the Child's mouth crosses it on the Fore-head Hands Breast Back with Oil puts a clean Shirt on him saying Thou art as clean as this
Shirt hangs a Cross about his Neck to be kept 'till Death D. of Holst Emb. Trav. Modern Heathens The Baptism of the Persees in East-India is thus So soon as one is born the Daroo is called upon who delays not but being instructed in the precise time of his Nativity calculates his Fortune the Daroo gives the Name the Mother assenting to it This done they haste together to the Eggaree where the Priest puts a little Water into the Bark of a Tree the Name of which is Holme the place it grows in Yezd not far from Spahawn a Tree that Zertoost blessed a Tree which they say yields no shadow The Water out of this hallowed Rind being pured upon the Infant a Prayer is then made that it may be cleansed from all impurity At 7 years of Age the Child is Confirmed by the Daroo and taught to say his Prayers over the Fire but with his Mouth and Nostrils cover'd lest his sinful Breath offend the Deity after which he drinks a little cold Water chaws a Pomegranate-Leaf washes in a Tank cloaths his Body with a fine Shuddero reaching to his Waste ties a Zone of Cushee about his Loins woven with Inkle of the Herboods making which he wears ever after and after a short Prayer that he may never prove an Apostate but continue a Fire-Worshipper that he may eat no Man's Meat nor drink any Man's Drink but his own he is ever after reputed a Believer Sir Tho. Herb. Trav. into Persia Concerning the Bannyans see in the First Book Ch. Sacram. Amboyna In Amboyna though Worshippers of the Devil they Circumcise at Twelve or Thirteen Years of Age c. Mandelslo Sachion In Sachion the Tartars dedicate their Children to their Idols and on Festival-Days Sacrifice Rams for their Childrens Preservation Rosse Guinea In Guinea the Priests besprinkle their Infants after Sermon with Water wherein a Newt doth swim Rosse Loango In Loango Circumcision is used Idem And in Madagascar also and Jucatan Armenians The Armenians thus Consecrate and Administer the Sacrament 1. They set the Consecrated Bread on the Altar 2. The Arch-Bishop reads the Mass for the Ceremony 3. At reading the Gospel they light abundance of Wax-tapers 4. After the Gospel several of the Noviciates take Sticks in their hands about 5 Foot long at the end whereof are Latten Plates with little Bells hanging about them which when they are shaked sound like Cymbals 5. Other Noviciates hold a Copper Plate in their hands hung about with Bells which they strike one against another and at the same time the Ecclesiasticks and Laity sing together indifferent harmoniously 6. All this while the Arch-bishop hath two Bishops on each side of him who are in the room of a Dean and a Sub-dean 7. By and by he goes and unlocks a Window in the Wall on the Gospel side and takes out the Chalice where the Wine is 8. Then with all his Musick he takes a turn about the Altar on which he at length sets down the Chalice saying certain Prayers 9. With the Chalice in his hand and the Bread upon the Chalice he turns towards the People who presently Prostrate themselves upon the ground beat their Breasts and kiss the Earth while the Arch-bishop pronounces This is the Lord who gave his Body and Blood for you 10. Then he turns towards the Altar and eats the Bread dipt in the Wine For they never drink the Wine 11. He turns towards the People with the Bread and Chalice in his hand and they that will receive come one after another to the bottom of the Choir to whom he gives the Bread dipt as before The bread is without Leaven flat and round about as thick as a Crown and as big as the Host of the Mass being Consecrated the day before by the Priest whose Office it is M. Tavernier l. 4. c. 9. They never put Water in their Wine When they come to the Communion the Arch-bishop or Priest says these words I confess and believe that this is the Body and Blood of the Son of God who takes away the sins of the World who is not only ours but the Salvation of all mankind He repeats these words three times the people saying after him word for word ibid. They give the Communion to Children of two or three Months old which the Mothers bring in their Arms tho many times the Children put it out of their Mouths again ibid. They never administer in Lent for then they never say Mass but on Sunday noon which they call Low Mass at which time they never see the Priest who hath a Curtain drawn before the Altar and only reads the Gospel and Creed aloud The Armenians Baptize infants on Sunday except in danger of Life the Midwife carrying the Infant to Church where the Bishop or Priest plunges it naked in the water and returns it to the Godfather going on with his Prayers and twists a double string one of white Cotton another of red silk signifying the Blood and Water which flowed from the Body of Christ about the Child's neck then he anoints the Child and crosseth it in the several places where the Oyl dropped saying I Baptize thee in the Name of Father Son and Holy Ghost The Forehead Chin Stomach Arm-holes Hands and Feet are anointed The Patriarch makes this Oyl every year on the Eve of our Lady in September after a small Lent of eight days of several fragrant Flowers and Aromatical Drugs but the principal is called Balassau-Jague or flower of paradise When 't is made two bottles are sent to all the Convents of Asia Europe and Africa When the Ceremony of baptism is over the Godfather returns home with the Infant in his arms and a Taper of white wax in each hand attended with trumpets drums haut-boys which go before to the parents house where the Godfather delivers the child to the mother she prostrating her self before the Godfather and kissing his feet he her head the minister names the child according to the Name of the Saint of that day in their Almanack Afterwards they Feast The poorer sort carry the Child to Church on the Week-days without any Ceremony with Tears in their Eyes pretending it to be sickly and like to die and so make no Feasts at all If Women lye in 15 or 20 days before Christmas they often defer till the Festival then in all the Cities and Villages where the Armenians live if there be any river or pond they spread 2 or 3 Flat-bottom'd Boats with carpets to walk upon and in one of them set up an Altar and in the Morning by Sun-rising all the Armenian Clergy of that Town or City and Parts adjoyning get into the Boats in their Habits with the Cross and Banner dip the Cross in the Water 3 times and every time drop the Holy Oyl upon it then plunge the Infant and anoint him 3 times saying I Baptize c. The King of Persia is many times present at the Ceremony when
172. Indian Christians The Indian Christians read two chapters at home one out of each Testament Sr. Th. Herbert Malabar In Malabar the King of Calecut eats no meat till it be first offered by his Preist to his Idol Ross Mahometans There are but few who go not every day to Prayers epecially those of Noon Quinday and Aksham for many perform the other two at home Nor doth travelling excuse them for when they know that it is the Hour of Prayer they stop in the Fields near to some water they draw water in a tinn'd Copper-pot which they carry always purposely about them then do the Abdest spread a Carpet on the Ground without which they never Travel and say their Prayers upon it M. de Thevenot They have Chaplets also which they often say for the most part have them in their hand whether at home or abroad c. Idem Persians There are some amongst them who pray with such Violence at their own Houses that they put themselves out of Breath and many times fall down in a Swoon One of my Neighbours at Schamachie was so earnest in his Devotion that having said his Prayer very loud and pronounced with all his might above fifty times the word Hakka God he at length could not pronounce it without a great deal of difficulty and at last his Voice quite fail'd him D. of Holstein 's Emb. Trav. p. 279. Benjans They never go out of their Houses till they have said their Prayers Mandelslo's Trav. into the Indies p. 57. Persees The Persees of Guzurat have no Mosques but make use of some Room in their Houses to do their Devotion in which they do sitting without any Inclination of their Bodies Mandelslo's Trav. p. 60. In Amboina they take in hand no business be it never so mean nay not so much as piercing of a Tree to draw Terry till they have done their Devotions to the Devil Idem Toleration of all Religions Jews AMong the Jews we find in our Saviour's time Pharisees and Sadduces and Herodians and Pagan Romans all exercising their own Religion the Synagogues open to People of different Opinions and liberty of Prophesying seems to be allowed for some time even to the Christians themselves vid. Acts 13.15 c. I need not speak of the Nazarites and Rechabites tolerated among them in ancient times who yet were distinguished from the common Israelite by peculiar Ceremonies and Usages The case of the Gibeonites was extraordinary their Liberty procured by Craft and turned into Servitude being made Hewers of Wood and Drawers of Water for the Congregation and for the Altar of the Lord. Christians The Muscovites give a Free Toleration to all Religions and live very quietly with the Lutherans and those of the Reformed Religion but they have so great an Aversion to the Roman Catholicks that they would never grant them liberty in Muscovy In the first War of Smolensko they would not entertain Catholick Soldiers A. C. 1627. The late King of France proposed a Treaty for Commerce between the French and Muscovite and for a Church where Mass might be said but it was denied nay in the Treaty they made with us for our passage into Persia it is an express Article That we should not take any Roman Catholicks into our Retinue D. of H. Ambass Trav. p. 108. They suffer all Nations to live amongst them as Calvinists Lutherans Armenians Tartars Turks and Persians excepting none but Jews and Roman-Catholicks Idem The King of Poland several Papists Ecclesiastical Soveraigns in Germany the Venecians in their Grecian Islands all give liberty of Conscience In Rome it self the Pope tolerates several Popish Churches differing in Ceremonies from one another and all abundantly from that called the Roman Church yet agreeing in doctrine having publick liberty without exceptions In Germany the Lutheran Churches scarce in any Two Cities have the same Ceremonies Nurimburg and Leipsig having almost as many as the Papists and yet they differ in them Hamburg hath fewer And Strasburg none at all Their differing in Circumstantials makes no breach of Charity At the same Communion some receive sitting some standing The Three Religions are tolerated at Frankfort Dr. Burnet The Three Religions have their exercises successively the same day in the Church of the Concord at Manheim the Calvinists first the Lutherans next and the Papists last Idem in his letters Dr. Edw. Brown in his Travels In two Cantons Appeuzel and Glaris both Religions are Tolerated and are capable of equal Priviledges and in some Bailiages belonging to Bern and Friburg both Religions are so equally Tolerated that in the same Church they have both Mass and Sermon On one Sunday Mass begins and Sermon follows the next Sunday Sermon begins and Mass follows c. Dr. Burnet 's Letters Mahometans The Mogul Tolerates all Religions and speaks well of all So doth the great Turkish Emperor Among Mahometans Liberty of Conscience is allowed agreeable to an Azoara in the Alcoran which declares that none are to be disswaded from the Religion they Suckt from their Cradle Sir Th. Herbert In Negapatan likewise any Religion is Tolerable and Virgil's Omnigenûmque Deûm Monstra seem to be Translated hither Idem In Goa are Christians Jews Mahometans and Heathens Rosse In the Philippin Islands are Christians Mahometans and Pagans Idem In Sumatra and Zeilan are Moors Christians and Pagans Idem In Egypt Christians have their Churches Jews their Synagogues and Mahometans their Mosques of which last there be four sorts differing in their Laws Liturgies and Ceremonies Idem The Coast of Coromandel is furnished with Various Religions Christian Mahometan and Idolatry of the first there are two sorts those of S. Thomas that are of the Greek Church and the Europian Christians The Last Words of Dying Men c. Christians LVther ended his Life with these words Lord I render up my Spirit into thy Hands and come unto thee And again Lord into thy Hands I commend my Spirit thou O God of Truth hast redeemed me being asked by Dr. Jones if he died in the constant Confession of that Doctrin which he had preach'd he answered Yea which was his last word Olympia Fulvia Morata to her Husband Tota sum laeta I am all joyful but now I know you no more Anonym once a little before her Death awaking out of Sleep with a chearful Countenance she said I have now got a sight in my Rest of a most excellent and pleasant place shining with an unexpressible Light and Brightness But thro' weakness could say no more D. Melch. Adam Mr. Carter ended his Life with this Doxology The Lord be thanked Clark's Lives Erasmus breathed out his Soul in these Ejaculations Mercy sweet Jesus Lord loose these bands how long Lord Jesus how long Jesus Fountain of Mercy have mercy upon me c. Fuller's Lives Leo Jude who died at Tigure 1542. concluded thus Huic Jesu Christo c. i. e. To this my Lord and Saviour Jesus Christ my Hope and
my Salvation I wholly offer up my Soul and Body I cast my self wholly upon his Mercy and Grace c. Ibid. Andrew Willet a little before his death repeated the 146th Psalm and said it was a most sweet Psalm by and by rising out of a Trance to his Wife crying out he said Let me alone I shall do well Lord Jesu and so departed Anonym Robert Bolton in a Quartane Ague after meditating on the Four last Things desiring to be dissolv'd in the pangs of death he breathed out I am now drawing on apace to my Dissolution hold out Faith and Patience your work will quickly be at an end he died aged 60. Anonym William Whately in Sickness comforted himself with Ps 41.1 2. whilst a Friend was praying with him lifting up his Eyes and one of his Hands in the Close of the Prayer he gave up the Ghost aged 56. Idem Ant. Walleus called his Family and exhorted them to the fear of God then took his leave and fell asleep never thoroughly awaking till on the Lord's day at 11 a Clock he expired aged 66. 1639. Hen. Alting the day before his death sang Psal 130. with great Fervency in the Evening blessed his Children and exhorted them to fear God and to persevere in the Truth of the Gospel and so died aged 57. A. 1644. Fred. Spanhemius having preach'd his last Sermon at Easter upon Phil. 3.24 Who shall change our vile Body c. he prayed for his Family and himself and in the Close of his Prayer died 1649 aged 49. Philip de Mornay Lord of Plessis Marley being sick of a continual Feaver often said I fly I fly to Heaven and the Angels are carrying me into the Bosom of my Saviour I know that my Redeemer liveth I shall see him with mine Eyes and I feel I feel what now I speak he died aged 74. Mr. John Bruen of Stapleford in Cheshire Esq the Morning before his Death said I will have no Blacks I love no Proud nor Pompous Funeral neither is there any cause of Mourning but of rejoycing rather in my particular Immediately before his Death Lifting up his Hands he said The Lord is my Portion my Help and my Trust his blessed Son Jesus Christ is my Saviour and Redeemer Amen Even so saith the Spirit unto my Spirit therefore come Lord Jesus and kiss me with the Kisses of thy Mouth and embrace me with the Arms of thy Love into thy Hands I commend my Spirit O come now and take me to thy self O come Lord Jesus come quickly O come O come O come and so died aged 65 A.C. 1625. Mr. Will. Perkins to a Friend praying for him said Pray not for the mitigation of my Torments but for the increase of my Patience he died aged 44. A.C. 1602. Edw. Deering As for my Death I bless God I feel so much inward Joy and Comfort in my Soul that if I were put to my choice whether to die or to live I would a thousand times rather chuse Death than Life if it may stand with the Will of God he died A.C. 1576. Melancthon to his Son-in-law Dr. Bucer asking what he would have answered Nothing but Heaven and therefore trouble me no more with speaking to me I have delivered more upon this subject in a former Book called The Christians Companion Mahometans and Heathens A great Solider in eminent favour with the Great Mogul a Mahometan Atheist upon a wound proving Mortal by the occasion of a Hair pluckt off his Breast about his Nipple in wantonness by one of his Women when a dying said Who would not have thought but that I who have been bred so long a Soldier should have died in the Face of my Enemy by a Sword or Lance or Arrow or Bullet or by some such instrument of Death but now am forc'd to confess That there is a great God above whose Majesty I ever despis'd that needs no bigger Lance than a Hair to kill an Atheist a Despiser of his Majesty and so desiring that those his last Words might be told unto the King his Master he died The Dervise that gave his sense of the Apparition at Medina mentioned in the Chapter of Miracles c. died with those Words in his Mouth if my Memory fail me not O thou Woman with the Book in thine Hand have Mercy upon me Heathen Antient. I am not haled to Death but am ascending up to Heaven The last Words of Socrates with the Mortal Cup in his Hand Socrates said Mr. H. Bullinger was glad when his death approached because he thought he should go to Hesiod Homer and other Learned Men whom he should meet with in the other World then how much more do I enjoy who am sure that I shall see my Saviour Christ the Saints Patriarchs Prophets Apostles and all Holy Men which have lived from the beginning of the World These I say I am sure to see and to partake with them in Joy The Words of Dying Bullinger See more in Erasmus ' s Conviv Religios Cicero in his Dialogue concerning Old Age introduceth Cato Major speaking thus If any God should grant me leave to grow young and cry like an Infant in my Cradle again I would utterly refuse it nor would I be willing as one that hath run his Race out to be called back from the Goal to the beginning again For what Profit hath Life or rather what toil hath it not But whether it hath or no certainly it gluts or satisfies for I am not minded to lament that I have lived which many and they Learned Men have often done nor do I repent my Life because I have so lived that I think I was not born in vain and I depart hence as out of an Inn not from my Home O famous day when I shall go to that Assembly and Council of Divine Souls and depart out of this Rout and Sink Occasions of Conversion Jews EVE Cohan was converted by ocasion of reading the New-Testament which she found in the Chamber of her Dancing-Master in Holland but being threatned and ill-treated by her Mother upon it married her Master came over into England and was baptized at London about half a score Years ago Discoursing once with an Italian Jew concerning the Conditions of Rome he began with great assurance to tell me That at Rome great Wonders were to be seen as a Man that could make his God make and unmake Sins at his pleasure c. closing up his Discourse with a deep Protestation That if he were a Christian the Vices and Doctrines of Italy would strongly tempt him to disown that Name Dr. Addison Christians Matthias Vessenbechius a Lawyer Student at Lovain converted by seeing the Sufferings of a poor Godly Man of that place Ex Melch. Ad. Francis Junius being at Lyons escaped an imminent Death upon which being somewhat awakened to a Sense of Divine Providence he desired to read over the New-Testament of which himself gives this Account When I opened
Arm was dried up immediately That the Child being thrown into a Fire turned it into a Bed of Roses 6. That some of this Fire is still preserved and is worthy of great Veneration 7. That the King devising new Torments was at last stung to Death with Flies and all that would not kiss the Prophet's Feet and submit 8. That this Prophet under Scha-glocktes the Succeeding Prince was cast into a Bath of melted Silver but coming out safe all received him as a Prophet and called him Zer-Ateucht i. e. wash'd in Silver 9. After this the Prophet was never seen more 10. That he will have three Children 11. The first Ouchider to be born of a Virgin who shall come into the World and cause his Father's Laws to be received by Preaching and Miracles 12. The Second Ouchiderma who shall be conceiv'd in like manner who shall assist his Brother and convince all the World by causing the Sun to stand still 10 years 13. That the 3d. called Senoict-Hotius conceiv'd by the same Mother shall come with more Authority than his two Brothers and shall perfectly reduce all People to the Religion of their Prophet 14. That after these things shall be the Universal Resurrection when all Souls in Paradise or Hell shall return to take possession of their own Bodies that then all Mountains and Minerals being melted shall fill up Hell and destroy mansions of the Devils 15. Afterwards the World shall be level'd and made Habitable and men shall have their Apartment in it according to the good which they did but their chief delight shall be in beholding and praising God and Ibrahim their Prophet M. Tavernier l. 4. c. 8. They say also That before the Resurrection those that are in Paradise do not behold the face of God no not the Angels themselves except only one who always attends upon God to receive and execute his Commands That God will have pity upon the Damned and that they shall go into Paradise as having suffered enough already for their Sins Idem Indian Idolaters I Believe one only Almighty God and only Wise Creator of Heaven and Earth who fills all places with his Presence by some called Primissar by others Peremael others Westnon others Ram c. that this Ram was the Son of a Potent Raja called Deseret and the most Vertuous of all his Children his Wife's name Sita both Banished with a Brother Lokeman but passing through a Wood Ram being in pursuit of a Bird his Wife Sita was Ravished by Rhevan a kind of Deity also that all the Creatures were employed in Searching for Sita who at last was found by a Monkey that had leaped over the Sea in Rhevan's Garden who Saluted her in Ram's Name and presented her a Ring and with Fire with which some of Rhevans Servants would have burnt him the Ape set Fire on Rhevan's Palace and thereupon leapt at one Jump over the Sea again and brought greeting from Sita to Ram who thereupon by the guidance of the Ape raised Forces and went over and rescued his Wife Hereupon Rhevan spent all the rest of his Days like a poor Faquir and gave original to that Order I believe that departed Souls are according to their Lives ordered to inhabit another Body The Souls of the wicked into Asses Dogs Cats c. Of the Good into Cows or potent Rajaes That if a Man Die with a Cows Tail in his Hand he is happy M. Tavernier Part. 2. l. 2. The People of Formosa I Believe the World to be Eternal The Soul to be Immortal And future Rewards and Punishments according to our good or evil deeds That the passage to the other World is over a narrow Bridg made with Canes from which the Wicked fall into a nasty miry place there to abide for ever the Good go to a Mansion of Pleasure That there are several Gods Tamagisahanch in the South who presides o're the Generation of Mankind from whom all good to Body or Mind proceeds that his Wife Taxank-punda when it Thunders chides with him for not sending Rain Sariachsingh in the North who destroys all Benefits bestowed on Mankind that both these are to be Prayed to That there are two Gods of War Talafula and Tapaliape to be invocated only by the Men. Pacquet broke open vol. 2. Siamites I Believe that one Supreme God Created the Universe and Governs the World That there are several other Gods Subordinate to him That the Soul is Immortal That on its separation from the Body it passes to Eternal Happiness or Misery after various Transmigrations That good Works will save a Man That this Religion was received by Immemorial Tradition from the Saints now worshipped by them as Deities Pacquet broke open vol. 2. Peguians I Believe that the Chief of the Gods who hath several Gods under him is the Author of all the Good that Mankind enjoys but that he leaves to the Devil the disposing of all Evil and therefore a greater Veneration is due to him than to God All Men naturally taking more care to appease a powerful Enemy than be grateful to an obliging Friend That good Works are more conducive to Eternal Hppiness than Faith That a man may be Saved in any opinion so his Life be Pious and Regular That five principal Sapans or Holy-days are to be kept 1. Sapan Giacchi the Pilgrimage of the King and Queen in Grandeur 2. Sapan Carena in Honour of their great Idol 3. Sapan Segienon in Honour of other Idols 4. Sapan Daiche when the King and Queen throw Rose-water at each other and all the Nobility wash them out of a Pot of the same and none can pass the Streets without having Water thrown at him out of the Windows 5. Sapan Donan when a Race is performed by Boats in the Kings and Queens presence as they Pass to Meccao Tunquinese Of these there are three Sects The Author of the first is Confutius whose Creed is as follows I Believe that man is composed of two Parts the one fine and subtil the other material and gross when Man Dies the subtiler part goes into Air the gross stays in the Earth that the 7 Planets are to be Adored but especially these Gods Rauma Betolo Ramonus and Brama and Satisbana by the Women as also the Heavens by the King and Mandarins The Author of the Second Chacabout followed by the most part of the meaner People hath taught them thus There are Ten Commandments which see afterwards a Transmigration of Souls That they who would be Religious must renounce the Delights of this Life be Charitable to the Poor overcome their Passions and give themselves up to Meditation That there are ten distinct places of Joy and Torment the Torments proportionable to the Offence and without any end The Imperfect shall wander in diverse Bodies 3000 years the Perfect go immediately to Bliss The Author of the Third Sect is that of Lanthu a Chinese a great Magician who taught that his Mother carried him in her
quench'd with Wine the Bones being gather'd together were sprinkled with Wine and washed with Milk till separated from the Ashes and then perfumed and put into the Urn and buried 12. At the Funerals of great Persons there were Ludi called Novendiales 13. There were Suppers 1. Coena feralis a sorry one usually sent in by the Friends of the Dead and dress'd by Coquus Nundinalis as Plautus calls him and cast into the Funeral Fire to the Dii manes and burnt with the Body 2. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 a Drinking prepared for those that come from the Funeral back to the House of Mourning 3. Silicernium 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 this was set down at the Grave 4. Epulum Novendiale the more solemn Entertainment Dr. Holyday Illustr on Jav and Persius 14. They strewed Flowers on the Sepulchre and planted them on the Graves and this sometimes yearly Modern Heathens The Funerals of the Bannyans in East-India are of the old stamp burning the Corps to Ashes in a holy fire compounded of all sorts of costly Woods and Aromatick Spices the Wife also in expectation to enjoy her Husband amongst incomparable pleasures invelops her dainty Body with the merciless Flames for which affection she obtains a living Memory The reason of which custom was the spite of former Wives in poysoning their Husbands which gave occasion to their Prince to make such a Law That the Wife should be burn'd with the Husband as Sir Tho. Herbert in his Travels tells us out of Aelia and St. Hierome In Angola they bury thus the Dead is wash'd painted apparrell'd and laid to sleep in a spacious Dormitory his Armolets Bracelets and voluntary Shackles accompany him they circle the Grave with Mimic Gestures and Ejaculations concluding with the Sacrifice of a Goat Sir Th. Herbert and Rosse The Persees put the Body into a Winding-sheet as they go to the Grave the Kindred beat their Breasts all the way but with little Noise till they come within fifty or an hundred paces of the Burial-place where the Herbood meets them usually attired with a yellow Scarfe and on his Head a thin Turbant the Bearers carry the Corps upon an Iron Bier for Wood being Dedicated to the Fire is forbid to a little shed where after some mysticks acted they hoise it up to the Top of a Round Building about 12 Foot high and 80 in circuit flat above and open to the Air and expose the Carcass to the Sun and Ravening Birds Sir Th. Herb. Lucian in his discourse de Luctu hath this observation The Greeks burn The Persians bury The Indians Besmear with hogs-grease The Scythians eat or hang upon Trees The Egyptians powder with salt and spices to preserve from putrefaction The Romans Embalm The Gangetiques drown The Narsingans immure The Brachmans expose to birds The Bactrians to dogs c. Sir Tho. Herb. Travels The Gowhers Heathens in Spahawn put their dead upright in a hollow Tree The Indian Christians thus 1. The Priest is sent for to pray and administer the Eucharist if desired 2. The sick takes a long Farewell of wife children c. 3. The Survivors rather joy then mourn 4. The Corps is washed and wrapt in clean linnen 5. Friends carry it to the grave and place the head West with respect to Jerusalem or else local Paradise 6. Five days after they visit the family feast and fast as we accustome Idem The Inhabitants of Casta in E. Ind. place the Carcass in a deep long narrow Gave or else between two walls built on purpose where the simple Relict immures her self voluntarily and dies by famine A most formidable death Idem The Inhabitants of Japan in mourning wear white Idem The Chinese 1. Wash perfume and apparel the Corps with his best cloaths 2. Cover his Head and set him in a chair 3. The wife and Children come in and kiss him according to their Seniorities and Kindred also kneeling down and kissing the dead man's hand with ejaculations beating their breasts and tears 4. The Third day Coffin him Cover him with silk and set up his picture 5. For 15 days the Corps rest the Priests feast offer sacrifice burn incense 6. The Widow and Children mourn for 3. years not seen to joy in any thing In like manner the Inhabitants of Japan invocate their Mannadaes Muscovites 1. When the sick is departed the Relations stand about the body and excite one another to bemoan him asking the Deceased why he would die Were his affairs in a good condition Did he want meat and drink Was not his wife handsom or young enough Or not faithful to him c. 2. They send a present of Beer Hydromel and Aqua-vitae to the Priest that he may pray for the Soul c. 3. They wash the Body put on a clean Shirt and new Russia-Leather Shoes and lay him in the Coffin with his Arms Cross the Breast 4. The Coffin made of the Trunk of a Tree is covered with a Cloth or some Coat of the Deceased and carried to Church with this Solemnity and Order 1. First the Priest carrying the Image of the Saint assign'd the Deceased at Baptism 2. Next four Virgins next a-kin filling the Air with horrid Cries and keeping time in their Elevations and Cadencies one with another 3. Next the Corps carried by six Men the Priests incensing it all the way to keep off evil Spirits and withal singing Psalms 4. Lastly Kindred and Friends but disorderly with every one a Wax-candle in his Hand 5. At the Grave the Coffin is uncovered the Image held over him certain Prayers said with these words oft repeated Lord look upon his Soul in Righteousness the Widow continuing her Lamentations with the same questions mentioned before 6. They Kiss the Corps or the Coffin and the Priest puts a piece of Paper between his Fingers which is a kind of Testimonial or Passe for his Admittance into the other World sign'd by the Patriarch c. and Sold by the Priest The Form thus We whose Names are hereunto Subscribed the Patriarch or Metropolitan and Priest of the City of N do make known and certify by these Presents that the Bearer of these our Letters hath always lived among us like a good Christian professing the Greek Religion and tho he hath committed some Sins yet he hath confessed the same and received Absolution and taken the Communion for the Remission of his Sins hath Honoured God and his Saints hath said his Prayers and Fasted on the Hours and Days appointed by the Church and hath carried himself so well towards me his Confessor that I have no reason to complain of him nor to deny him the Absolution of his Sins In witness whereof we have given him the present Testimonial to the End that upon sight thereof S. Peter may open to him the Gate of Everlasting Bliss This done the Coffin is shut up and put in the Grave with the Face Eastward They Mourn forty Days and Feast on the third