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A17595 A relation of the successefull beginnings of the Lord Baltemore's plantation in Mary-land Being an extract of certaine letters written from thence, by some of the aduenturers, to their friends in England. To which is added, the conditions of plantation propounded by his Lordship for the second voyage intended this present yeere, 1634.; Declaratio coloniae. Selections. English White, Andrew, 1579-1656. 1634 (1634) STC 4371; ESTC S116699 9,472 18

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A RELATION OF The successefull beginnings of the Lord BALTEMORE'S Plantation in Mary-land Being an extract of certaine Letters written from thence by some of the Aduenturers to their friends in England To which is added The Conditions of plantation propounded by his Lordship for the second voyage intended this present yeere 1634. Anno. Dom. 1634. A Relation of the successefull beginnings of the Lord Baltemore's plantation in Mary-land ON Friday the 22. of Nouember 1633. a small gale of winde comming gently from the Northwest we weighed from the Cowes in the I le of Wight about ten in the morning and hauing stayed by the way twenty dayes at the Barbada's and fourteene dayes at S t. Christophers vpon some necessary occasions wee arriued at Point-Comfort in Virginia on the 24. of February following the Lord be praised for it At this time one Captaine Claybourne was come from the parts where wee intended to plant to Virginia and from him wee vnderstood that all the natiues of those parts were in preparation of defence by reason of a rumour some had raised amongst them of sixe ships that were to come with a power of Spanyards whose meaning was to driue all the inhabitants out of the countrey Wee had good letters from his Maiesty to the Gouernour and Councell of Virginia which made them fauour vs and shew vs as noble vsage as the place afforded with promise that for their cattell and Hoggs Corne or Poultry our plantation should not want the open way to furnish our selues from thence they told vs likewise That when his Lordship should bee resolued on a conuenient place to make himselfe a seat they should bee able to prouide him with as much Bricke and Tile as he should haue occasion to imploy vntill his Lordship had made of his owne Also that they had to furnish his Lordship with two or three hundred Stocks ready grafted with Peares Apples Plummes Apricotes Figgs and Peaches and some Cherries That they had also some Orange and Limon trees in the ground which yet thriued Also Filberds Hazel-nuts and Almonds and in one place of the Colony Quince-trees wherewith they could furnish his Lordship And in fine that his Lordship should not want any thing that Colony had On the 3. of March wee came into Chesapeake Bay and made sayle to the North for Patoemeck riuer the Bay running betweene two sweet lands in the channell of 7. 8. and 9. fathome deepe 10. Leagues broad and full of fish at the time of the yeere It is one of the delightfullest waters I euer saw except Potoemeck which wee named Saint Gregories And now being in our owne Countrey wee began to giue names to places and called the Southerne Point Cape Saint Gregory and the Northerly Point Saint Michaels This riuer of all I know is the greatest and sweetest much broader then the Thames so pleasant as I for my part was neuer satisfied in beholding it Few Marshes or Swampes but the greatest part sollid good earth with great curiosity of woods which are not choaked vp with vnder-shrubbs but set commonly one from the other in such distance as a Coach and foure horses may easily trauell through them At the first looming of the ship vpon the riuer wee found as was foretold vs all the Countrey in Armes The King of the Paschattowayes had drawen together 1500. bowe-men which wee our selues saw the woods were fired in manner of beacons the night after and for that our vessell was the greatest that euer those Indians saw the scowtes reported wee came in a Canow as bigge as an Iland and had as many men as there bee trees in the woods Wee sayled vp the riuer till we came to Heron Ilands so called from the infinite number of that fowle there The first of those Ilands wee called Saint Clements The second Saint Katharines And the third Saint Cecilies Wee tooke land first in Saint Clements which is compassed about with a shallow water and admitts no accesse without wading here by the ouerturning of the Shallop the maids which had beene washing at the land were almost drowned beside the losse of much linnen and amongst the rest I lost the best of mine which is a very maine losse in these parts The ground is couered thicke with pokickeries which is a wild Wall-nut very hard and thick of shell but the meate though little is passing sweete with black Wall-nuts and acrons bigger then ours It abounds with Vines and salletts hearbs and flowers full of Cedar and sassafras It is but 400 acres bigg and therefore too little for vs to settle vpon Heere wee went to a place where a large tree was made into a Crosse and taking it on our shoulders wee carried it to the place appointed for it The Gouernour and Commissioners putting their hands first vnto it then the rest of the chiefest aduenturers At the place prepared wee all kneeled downe and said certaine Prayers taking possession of this Countrey for our Sauiour and for our soueraigne Lord the King of England Here our gouernour had good aduice giuen him not to land for good and all before hee had beene with the Emperour of Paschattoway and had declared vnto him the cause of our comming which was first to learne them a diuine Doctrine which would lead their soules to a place of happinesse after this life were ended And also to enrich them with such ornaments of a ciuill life wherewith our Countrey doth abound and this Emperour being satisfied none of the inferiour Kings would stirre In conformity to this aduice hee tooke two Pinnaces his owne and another hired at Virginia and leauing the ship before Saint Clements at Anchor went vp the riuer and landing on the south-side and finding the Indians fled for feare came to Patoemeck Towne where the King being a child Archihau his Vncle gouerned both him and his Countrey for him Hee gaue all the company good wellcome and one of the company hauing entred into a little discourse with him touching the errours of their religion hee seemed well pleased therewith and at his going away desired him to returne vnto him againe telling him hee should liue at his Table his men should hunt for him and hee would diuide all with him From hence they went to Paschattoway All were heere armed 500 Bow-men came to the Water-side The Emperour himselfe more fearelesse then the rest came priuately a boord where hee was courteously entertained and vnderstanding wee came in a peaceable manner bade vs welcome and gaue vs leaue to sit downe in what place of his kingdome wee pleased While this King was aboard all the Indians came to the Water-side fearing treason whereupon two of the Kings men that attended him in our shippe were appointed to row on shoare to quit them of this feare but they refusing to goe for feare of the popular fury the interpretours standing on the deck shewed the King to them that he was in safety where-with they were satisfied In this iourney the
Gouernour entertained Captaine Henry Fleete and his three barkes who accepted a proportion in beauer trade to serue vs being skillfull in the tongue and well beloued of the natiues Whilest the Gouernour was abroad the Indians began to lay aside feare and to come to our Court of guard which wee kept night and day vpon St. Clements Ile partly to defend our Barge which was brought in pieces out of England and there made vp and partly to defend the Captaines men which were imployed in felling of trees and cleaning pales for the pallizado and at last they ventured to come aboard our ship It was worth the hearing for those who vnderstood them to heare what admiration they made at our ship calling it a Canow and wondering where so great a tree grew that made it conceiuing it to bee made of one piece as their Canow's are Our great Ordnance was a great and fearefull thunder they had neuer heard any before all the Countrey trembles at them The Gouernour being returned wee came some nine leagues lower to a riuer on the North-side of that land as bigg as the Thames which wee called Saint Georges riuer It runnes vp to the North about 20. miles before it comes to the fresh This riuer makes two excellent Bayes for 300 sayle of Shipps of 1000. tunne to harbour in with great safety The one Bay wee named Saint Georges the other and more inward Saint Maries The King of Yaocomoco dwells on the left-hand or side thereof and wee tooke vp our seate on the right one mile within the land It is as braue a piece of ground to set downe on as most is in the Countrey and I suppose as good if not much better then the primest parcell of English ground Our Towne wee call Saint Maries and to auoid all iust occasion of offence and collour of wrong wee bought of the King for Hatchetts Axes Howes and Clothes a quantitie of some 30 miles of Land which wee call Augusta Carolina And that which made them the more willing to sell it was the warres they had with the Sasquesa-hanoughs a nigh bordering nation who came often into their Countrey to waste and destroy and forced many of them to leaue their Countrey and passe ouer Patoemeck to free themselues from perill before wee came God no doubt disposing all this for them who were to bring his law and light among these Infidells Yet seeing wee came so well prepared with armes their feare was much lesse and they could be content to dwell by vs yet doe they daily relinquish their houses lands and corne-fields and leaue them to vs. Is not this a piece of wonder that a nation which a few dayes before was in armes with the rest against vs should yeeld themselues now vnto vs like lambes and giue vs their houses lands and liuings for a trifle Digitus Dei est hic and surely some great good is entended by God to this Nation Some few families of Indians are permitted yet to stay by vs till next yeere and then the land is free Wee had not beene long time seated there ere Sir Iohn Haruey Gouernour of Virginia did our gouernour the honour in most friendly manner to visit him and during the time of his being there the King of Patuxunt also came to visit vs and being come aboard the Arke and brought into the great cabbin and seated betweene the two Gouernours Captaine Fleete and Master Golding the interpretors being present hee began his speech as followeth When I heard that a great Werowance of the English was come to Yoacomoco I had a great desire to see him But when I heard the Werowance of Pasbie-haye was come thither also to visit him I presently start vp and without further counsell came to see them both In the time of his stay at Saint Maries wee kept the solemnitie of carrying our colours on shoare and the King of Patuxunt accompanying vs was much taken with the ceremony But the same night hee and Captaine Fleete being at the Indian-House the Arke's great gunnes to honour the day spake aloude which the King of Patuxunt with great admiration hearing counselled his friends the Yoacomoco Indians to bee carefull that they breake not their peace with vs and said When wee shoote our Bow-strings giue a twang that 's heard but a little way off But doe you not heare what cracks their Bow-strings giue Many such pretty sayings hee vsed in the time of his being with vs and at his departure hee thus exprest his extraodinary affection vnto vs. I do loue the English so well that if they should kill me so that they left me but so much breath as to speake vnto my people I would command them not to reuenge my death As for the Natiues they are proper tall men of person swarthy by nature but much more by Art painting themselues with colours in oyle like a darke Red which they doe to keepe the Gnatts off wherin I confesse there is more ease then comlinesse As for their faces they haue other colours at times as Blew from the nose vpward and Red downeward and sometime contrariwise in great variety and in very gastly manner sometimes they haue no beards till they come to bee very old and therefore drawe from each side of their mouthes lines to their very eares to represent a beard and this sometimes of one colour and sometimes of another They weare their haire generally very long and it is as blacke as Iett which they bring vp in a knott to the left-eare and tye it about with a large string of Wampampegg or Roanoake or some other of the best Iewels among them Vpon their fore-head some vse to weare a Fish of Copper and some weare other figures About their neckes they vse to weare many bugle chaynes blew and white and other colours though these begin now not to bee esteemed among them for truck Their apparrell generally is deere-skin and other Furre which they weare like loose mantles yet vnder this about their middle all women and men at mans estate weare Perizomata or round aprons of skinnes which keepes them decently couered that without any offence of chast eyes wee may conuerse with them All the rest of their bodies are naked and at times some of the younger sort both men and women haue iust nothing to couer them Their feete are as hard as any horne when they runne ouer prickles and thornes they feele it not Their Armes is a Bow with a bunch of Arrowes of a yard long furnisht with three feathers at the top and pointed either with the point of a deeres horne or a sharpe three-corner'd white flint the rest is a small cane or straight sticke They are so expert at these that I haue seene one a good distance off strike a very small bird through the middle and they vse to cast a thing vp from hand and before it comes to ground to meete it with a shaft Their bowes are but