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hand_n	father_n	power_n	right_a	6,418	5	6.7725	4	false

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ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A03850	The nobles or of nobilitye The original nature, dutyes, right, and Christian institucion thereof three bookes. Fyrste eloquentlye writte[n] in Latine by Lawrence Humfrey D. of Diuinity, and presidente of Magdaleine Colledge in Oxforde, late englished. Whereto for the readers commodititye [sic], and matters affinitye, is coupled the small treatyse of Philo a Iewe. By the same author out of the Greeke Latined, nowe also Englished. 1563.; Optimates. English	Humphrey, Laurence, 1525 or 6-1589.; Philo, of Alexandria. De nobilitate. English.	1563 (1563)	STC 13964; ESTC S104304	130,119	392

The Nobles or of Nobilitye ** THE ORIGINAL nature dutyes right and Christian Institution thereof three Bookes ❧ FYRSTE ELOQVENTLYE writtē in Latine by Lawrence Humfrey D. of Diuinity and Presidente of Magdaleine Colledge in Oxforde late englished Whereto for the readers commodititye and matters affinitye is coupled the small treatyse of Philo a Iewe. By the same Author out of the Greeke Latined nowe also Englished 1563. Imprinted at London in Fletestrete nere to S. Dunstons church by Thomas Marshe ❀ * TO THE MOSTE Christian Princesse Elizabeth Queene of Englande Fraunce and Irelande c. The noblest protectour and defendour of the true fayth THAT GOOD happy and fortunate may proue to al christians but chiefelye the people of Englād For stoaringe this our flourishing state with holesomst ordinaunces and moste politike lawes for recouerye of our lorne liberty for tender cherishinge and renewynge the Churche by Gods singuler mercye and prouidence for restoaringe religion from exyle as it were to her auncient sincerity and primitiue purenes for the merye quiete and cleare calme ensuing the tossinges and troublesome stormes of later times for the luckye prosperous and quiete setlynge al thynges as well abroade as at home is none so vnmindeful of him selfe his countreye or all godlines who seeth not we ought fyrst render hartiest and immortal thankes to almightie god And next your godly trauayle singuler endeuour saythfullest seruyce O most Christian Queene oughte be registred in euery booke and spred to all posterytye For what by therto nor force nor power nor all the fetches of mans witte or pollecy coulde compasse that nowe to haue happed not through the manhoode myghte or gouernement of a manlye kynge but vnder the conducte of a woman queene without tumult quietelye and euen by Gods hande suche so famous benefite who nold locke in minde Who not roll in amased thoughte Who not renoume in euerye age Wherein notwithstandynge O Queene we aduaunce not your might not your arme not your wise dome but wonder at your weakenes infirmitye We praise not mannes power but ascribe it to the bouneye mercy of God To whose beeke worde and prouidence all and whole this wondrous facte howesoeuer greate must freelye and wholy be imputed Therefore that Hymne and tryumphante songe whych Moses and the childrē of Israel song in the desert after the buryal of Pharao in the red sea in the cōgregations of the godly ought alwaye resound singinge with one tune and ioyned hertes The lorde is our strength and praise he is become our saluacion He is our God and we wil prepare him a tabernacle our fathers god and we wyl exalte him The lorde is a man of Warre hys name is Iehouah Thy right hand lorde is glorious in power Thy right hād lord hath crushd the enemy But syth these his benefites are already sufficiētly blased by others wrytynges and I otherwhere haue somewhat signified my minde and good wyll I neede not here to expresse my ioy Especially synce nowe my greetynge maye seeme ouerlate Neuertheles so greate and incredible mercye of our God so meruaylous power so straunge and vnhoped happe so sodayne and heauenlye ioye meante I in no wise to ouerstippe wyth silence But thys tyme asketh yea craueth other charge of me Namelye to shewe the argumente of thys my small treatyse and dysclose the chyefest causes of the tytle That your Maiestye seeyng at one glymse the whole summe and vnderstandynge wythall what occasyons moued me to wryte both by your wysedome maye more certaynelye knowe the whole cause and accordynge to youre iudgemente iudge vpryghtly thereof and as best sytteth your gracious fauoure yf it seeme worthye your patronage mayntayne and defende it as a poore and naked Clyent as wel against the close whisperynges as open inuectyues of curyous Carpers Seeynge Nobilitye spredde through all realmes and coastes of chrystendome flouryshe in all estates of honour beare the sway in pryncely courtes and in maner the piller and staye of all commen weales and through it eyther the greatest aydes or chiefest hynderances conueyghed into mens life and maners I thought this chosē order once seasoned wyth right christian opinions reformed by the vncorrupted squier of antiquity both princes shold more soūdly gouerne their subiects and ecclesiasticall ministers more faythfullye performe theyr charge and the people execut all theyr bounden duties more diligentlye and so the whole commen wealth more strōglye breath lyue and recouer Syth their coūcels all these seeme to folowe and on theyr authoritye leane and staye And therefore considered the deuine Plato was not cause les chyefelye earnest in his bookes of common wealth That the wardens otherwyse the rulers called to offyce in eche state and be guydes of the rest shoulde frome theyr you the vpwardes be seasoned with holyest preceptes and principles For in theym he iudged the weyghtyest parte of such goodes or euelles as happe in the commen wealth to consyst Nor was I ignoraunt of the matter it selfe there were dyuers opinions yea some bookes wrytten And infinite were it to recken so many surmises as touchynge it are tossed to and fro in the monumentes of auncient Phylosophers For Anacharses sayde the wyse Prynce was happye Socrates who first could rule him selfe Pittacus who so ruled his subiectes as they feared not hym but his Others thynke him meetst to be a prynce who hath liued vnder a prince As Agesilaus sayeth he ruleth well whoe hath sometyme obeyed Cambises in Xenophon thus lessoneth hys sonne Cyrus One onely meane O Sonne in all estates is left to wynne the a noble name Namely to embrace wysedome Others affirmed Vertue a compendious meane to Nobilitye and honour And these truly thought not al amisse but tolde truthe Howbeit not all For part they shewe But what chyefe is and pryncipall touche not Moreouer one thynge is it to be a chrystian other an heathen Noble One thyng taught Stoa Academia Lyceum other the Chayre of Moses the Gospel of Chryst and the Epistels of the Apostels But that my purpose may more playne and clearelye appeare suffer me I beseche you O moste gracious Queene to forespeake somewhat And in this entrye as it were to discourse a whyle howe expedyente thys knowledge is howe profytable necessarye aad meete for these tymes the handlynge of thys argumente Not to warne you a●readye myndeful enough but for yf other Nobles see the summe shortly abbridged authorised by your noble doome for the weyghte and authoritye of the pa●ronesse they neede not contemne it I haue gathered and heaped out of the best wryters so muche as concerneth the true and auncient Image and institucion of Noblesse Nor teach I onely mine owne opinion but prooue it And what erst I supped oute of the swete sprynges of the holy Bibles and others not despised ryvers of good wryters that nowe I apply to the enquirye and searche of the source offpring of Nobilitye to shewe the chanels braunches the nature doctrine and

foode in sommer and in haruest stoares her barnes How longe wilt thou sluggarde snorte wylt thou neuer awake Loe Salomon deemth a sluggard worse then the Ant. But him termeth hee sleepy who but a litle slombers and somwhat lasely retcheth oute hys armes Loe man lifted to honor vnderstandeth not but is resembled to beastes and compared to brutishe creatures as songe Dauid this kinges father the kingly prophete If then the scripture by proposing vs simple creatures prouoke vs to worke if it be sufficiently and euydently proued that eche excellentest creature in his kinde is not for his Noblesse exempted from labour nor ought the priuilege of Nobilitie be pretended for an excuse and vayle of Idlenes in oure Nobles to purchace them vacation and as forworne Souldiours a pastporte But rather the better and Nobler they are the more ought they vpraise their courage therto As stronger beastes beare greater burthens Will you then wyll some happely say set hie borne lordes Husband dry not dispysed of the aūcient Nobilytie to plough and Cart I cal them not therto but onely prouoke them to labour The certaintie and specialtie I limite not Howebeit if I shold moue them to the practise of some honest art or euen of husbandry what hurt For nor therein should they beginne any newe presydent nor greatly disparagethe brightnes of theyr honor if eyther they credite antiquitie or examples or the manifest reasons of wryters and the sound iudgement of the good For to speake of husbādry not what I thinke but knowe and haue red antiquytie thought nought more liberal nought worthier a Noble man Nor was hit erst as nowe counted a base and contemptuous state which Consuls lordes and Prynces whiche kinges and Monarches coueited Whiche to proue first of the Romans and then of others wyl I borrowe somwhat which may serue to double purpose Bothe that oure Nobles maye imitate the labourious antiquytie of the auncyents with lyke successe and also to shewe that euen the auncyentest Nobles esteemd and vsed tyllage For wee reade that euen from the Ploughe to the Senate from theyr Coate to the Councell from Tyllage to offyce many stoute and worthy men were calld For. L. Quintius Cincinatus then held the Ploughe when newes came to hym hee was chosen Dictator Cato thelder writeth in Cicero he was merueilously rappt with the loue of Husbandry which hee affirmeth most sibb to a wyse mans lyfe And therefore many for theyr merueylous and incredible delighte therein gaynd them selues many surnames whyche for honours sake descended to posterytie And those not base or obscure famylies but euen of the Noblest and most famous Hence came the surnames of Hoggyshe Sheepyshe Asses Swinishe Hereby of the pulse Cycer was Tully named Cicero of pease Piso of beanes Fabius of Lintelles Lentulus and lykewyse dyuers other Yea the Iunians refused not the name of herds the Valerians of milkers the Licinians of spriggs the Statill●ns of bulles the Annians of Goates nor the Pomponians of Calues Naye rather they chearelye culd them as honourable tytles and carefullye retaynd them to them and theyr posterytie And thus muche of the Romans Nowe somewhat of others Homere in whose tales yf they bee tales is formed and shaped the Image of the auncyentest mauners Imagyneth in hys Odyssees Laertes the olde man the Lord and Kyng of Ithaca the father of Vlisses deluynge tillinge sowinge and dounginge That the practise of husbādry was also familyer to Kynges the example of Cirus the younger proueth Who accounted it no stayne paynefully with hys owne hands to sowe whole fyeldes to graffe in his Orcharders cut border flowers and Herbes in hys Garden and curyously to plant hys trees in seemly order Nay when Lisander the Lacedemonian Legate came to hym with presentes vaunted to him that all hee sawe him selfe had sowed and set Whereat he wondring and viewinge hys purple Roabes hys bodies beautie the sumptuous Persian ornaments embrawderyes of golde and pearle amased cryed out Justly O Cirus men deeme the happy sith in the vertue and Fortune meete For so almoste translated it Cicero out of Xenophon Wherfore learned men for they see this laboure greately accepted and honoured of the Consuls and lords of Roome and the auncient grekes and kinges thinke it not vnmeete or vnsittinge to oure Nobles Noble mens children taught arte● Further not so vnseemely seemeth it to many Sages that Noble mens sonnes should learne some arte For sith Fortune standynge on vnstable wheele in smal moments sweyenge vpside downe bothe may wonteth to chaunge her cheere it may happe saye they whome pleasaunt and mery shee raysed to the highest fane of honoure the same frowning and froward shee may whyrle lowest Dionisius kinge of Sicile deposed from his kingdome was dryuen to kepe a schoole And wheretofore he ruled men then ruled boies So if any tyme they want they haue wherewyth to succoure theyr nede For euer the arte maynetayneth the artsman But neede they not Theyr arte lades thē not Nor is any burthē lighter Therfore that oure forefathers dischargd the Nobles of baser craftes was not for they shoulde walowe and freese in ydlenes but to practise warlike feates and employe good artes For not all arces are base and filthye so as we ought be ashamed of theyr knowledge This therfore is as I haue sayde the aduice of many deeminge not altogether euel nor as me seemeth wholly to be condemned For heretofore both the custome was and by written lawe decreed emonges the Athenians that chyldren at thage of discrecion should be brought to occupacions the instrumentes of eche scyence layde before theym Where to whatsoeuer tooles anye voluntarilye ranne those was he taughte Wherefore if Noble ympes woulde spende some porcion of theyr youth in learninge any profitable or commendable arte it were not discommendable Naye rather theyr earnest will and modest labour were hyghlye to be praised Forasmuch as therby nought should they lessen theyr estimaciō and yet prouoke many others by their commendable example to greater diligēce At least this rather ought they do thē nothing or liue idellye So shall not theyr childhood and youth passe wholy fruiteles many vices shall they kyll which ydlenes to fertile of sin breedes Right oft haue I heard many Nobles cloyed with ease complayne their werines Knowing not howe to passe the long dayes therfore wishe thē shorte which plaint shall ceasse if herein they will sometime vouchesafe to exercyse them selues and taste the commen trauayles miseries and grieues So shal they both better spare the crooked plowman and them selues enioye not altogether vayne delight mock the time with profitable pleasure to conclude please lesse thē selues god more But other I confesse those moste weightye charges some haue chiefly princes Who be they good care howe counsayle watche commen with theym selues their counsaile while others chiefely theyr subiectes careles snorte at home Which duties of Nobilitye god willing I will prosequute in my other

power as hit is greater and more abundant so ought theyr bountie be larger plentifuller For sithe Monkes eche where haue yet good names her ●fore ware oughte Nobles bee who succeaded in theyr Roomes and setsed theyr possessions that herein they proue not their inferiours Nor yelde to them in this practise of Charity whom farre they passe in purenes of farthe Therefore as ministers so noble mens part it is to prouide them harborough to leasse them vse of housen and Citie to open them the churches to succour them chiefely if relygious exiles neede theyr ayde Euer truly haue Noble mens housen lyen open to Noble ghestes Let eke theyr gates lie open to the myserable and banished for christes cause other wyse succourlesse That so both they be and may be rightly called almes gods on earth The auncient gentry is reported farre to drowne these our later nobles in this part of curtesy Sith now many mens charity cooleth The paynims counted it theyr chiefest commēdation to haue theyr entries worne And wonted to sit at theyr gates that no ghest mought scape them Herefore is that Cimon magnified in Cicero by the report of Theophrast Who toke suche order and so commaunded hys farmers that whatsoeuer inhabitant of Latium came to his manor shoulde haue al necessaries allowed him But he was liberal to his benefactors but once father Abraham and Lot his brother indifferētly to all men Of whom the firste sate in the gate thother in the entrye of hys tabernacle eyther spie and prie for some straunger Whiche once seene they ryse runne meere hym embrace hym crouche do●one to the grounde and humblye entreate hym to enter For this is the request and sute of Abraham in Genesis to the Angels whome both hee sawe and toke to bee straungers I beseche you sir I may finde so muche fauour with you that you passe not my house Tary I pray you while a lytle water bee fette to washe your feete Rest ye vnder this tree and I wyll fetche you a loafe of breade and make you mery then goe forwardes on gods name For therefore turned ye into your seruaunte Loe Abraham the honourablest Prince of the Israelyte● the father of faith and all faithful abundant in Cattell Conqueroure in warres dreadfull to whole Nations kinges prostrateth him selfe on the ground entreateth thē professeth him selfe theyr Seruant to whom hee geueth Runneth to the herde his whole house attendeth those straungers and abiectes Sara bestirs her shee moulds thre bushels of finest meale ▪ knedeth Cakes the boye with all speede killeth a fat and fayer steere butter and milke is set them hym selfe standinge serueth them O simple and happ●e age O māgled maners O straunge Metamorphosis O newe couersion vp side downe in and out Let Abraham humble paineful hospital learne our proud slouthful inhospitall Nobles Who not only not geue but chase away and stubbournely entreat straūgers checking them with threates scoffes and tauntes That Englishemen are ●urteous I denie not yea they haue bene euer counted the chiefest honourers of straungers And trulye so they be delyghted rather wyth forreyne wittes and traffyke then their owne countreyes Where notwithstanding they haue both plentye of excellent wittes and aboundaunce of all necessaryes and most ciuile inhabitaunts Yet so delight theym all forren pleasures that in maner they disdayne theyr home commodityes Whiche affection towardes straungers I condemne not Naye I rather exhorte theym more to imbrace and loue them but warning withall they despise not but reuerence and imbrace the good giftes of God theyr home commodities Howe sumptuous are they in enterteining Princes or embassadours How excessiue what glisteringe Nobles what pompe What shew Whome truly for the mayntenaunce of theyr dygnitie I commend But that vnmeasurable magnificēce muche myslike whence what I couet dymynished that wyshe I employed on poore pylgrimes Christes and exiles To prouyde them necessary lyuing admitte them into felowshyps and allowe them yearely stypendes Whyche well I wotte the Noblest Prince Edward of happy memorye moste lyberally did bothe in London and eyther vnyuersitie whome some Dukes Nobles and byshops imitated Chiefelye the reuerende Father and late primate of Englande of the priuye Councel to Kynge Henry the .viii. and hys sonne Edwarde Crowned with blissefull Martirdom of Mary hys doughter Thomas Cranmar Archebyshop of Caunterbury a worthy successoure of william warram in that See whome so lyuelye hee resembled in sincerytie and bountie Emouges the Nobles not the leaste prayse earned Henrye Graye Marquesse Dorcet and Duke of Suffolke nowe a Noble Citezen of heauen Who lyberallye relieued manye learned exyles The like may wee saye of many other who renouncynge the worlde and worldely pleasures haue exchaunged lyfe wyth death or rather mortalytie with immortalytie Thus some deade haue I voutched Nor want there presidentes of the quicke But them wyll I not praise but rather erhorte daylye to contende with them selues that sith not a fewe of them were straungers in Germany and therefore vnderstande their estate by experience they would more and more put on that sence of humanytie and affecte of mercy To relieue pilgrimes wearned wyth trauayle and destitute of ayde banyshed now their Countrey bounds and succour and cherishe theyr need● wyth theyr plentie In conclusion be Nobility bountiful to all men But Iustice yf ought els chiefely pertayneth to mans societye Iustice Wherfore worthely of Aristotle it is called others vertue Where properly taketh place that sayenge of Pollux to Commodus the emperour termynge it the balanced lawe For in maner of balance with euen hande paysyng eaming eche thinge it sweyeth not from right nor more then iust is leaneth on either parte And that vertue is both fectest and necessariest for a Noble man Whose whole life and practises are chiefly busied in mayntaynyng commen commodityes Where wyth once adourned easelye hath he gotten the princesse of al vertues Whereby he shal rule both him selfe and others For neither is fortitude needefull where Iustice is and if lawes ruled armes shoulde hushe syth none should be iniuried But insurious they become through couctise and thirst of coyne For what worke we not to heape and hourd goodes Truly a filthie faulte in all men but hardly thinke I any maye be sayned filthier in a noble man For whom we would haue free liberall whom we wishe of highe minde and vndaunted courage who shoulde esteeme all worldly toyes as draffe and chippes howe vnseemely and seruile were it What blotte to his estimation he should encurre that mock of Euripides To be a happy horder and cofferer an vnwilling steward and disbourser of money Hieremye accuseth the princes of Israell as ranening wolues bloud-sheaders manquellers gredy guttes and Dauld calleth them Lions lieng in theyr dennes in waite for the simple and rauening the poore halinge hym into theyr nettes But beware least they crye to god and the mournynge of the poore ascending and peareyng the eares of the lord of Sabaoth prouoke him agaynst