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A15011 A pithie, short, and methodicall opening of the Ten commandements. By Master William Whately, preacher of the word of God at Banburie in Oxford-shire Whately, William, 1583-1639.; Lee, Richard, d. 1650. 1622 (1622) STC 25315; ESTC S119736 77,294 265

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sinfull excuses to maintaine them as if they were not sinnes 2. By ouer-vehement checking for them driuing a man from God by despaire not to him by humiliation as appeares in Iudas if we compare his conscience and Peters together 2. In regard of our actions there is defect by deadnesse and secrednesse of conscience when it is as it were gagged and tongue-tied and neuer doth trouble a man for any ill deed 3. In regard of our actions there is a mixture of both excesse and defect by guiltinesse when it troubles a man for a small matter and giues him rest for a greater euil as the Pharisees could swallow a camell and straine at a gnat durst not come into the Iudgement Hall before the Passeouer yet durst hire false witnesses and become themselues false witnesses against the bloud of Christ Iesus 2. Sinnes against conformitie in the conscience in regard of ones estate are discerned by two things 1. Guiltinesse when it accuseth bitterly and tells him God hates and will damne him which it will doe when it begins to looke vpon sinne vnlesse faith in Christ come betwixt 2. When it giues a man false comforts and makes him beleeue that all is well crying peace peace and lulling him asleepe with a false conceit that God fauours him and that he shall be safe for all his sinnes 3. Sins against conformitie in the third principall power called the Will contrary to Gods will in two regards 1. In regard of things to be done by ones selfe 2. In regard of things to be receiued from God 1. In regard of things to be done by our selues 1. By rebellion a flat badnesse when a man knowing such a thing to be commanded shifteth it off and saith he cannot but indeed out of some carnall respect will not doe it or knowing any thing to be forbidden excuseth himselfe saith he must needs doe it and so concludes that he will doe it This is the sinne of the vnregenerate alone 2. By hypocrisie which is a counterfait goodnesse when a man is willing to seeme good by doing some good things and leauing some euill for his owne sake or for sinister and selfe-regards 2. The will is contrary to Gods will in regard of things to be receiued from God and that either in 1. Aduersitie or 2. Prosperitie 1. In aduersitie by impatience when a mans will ariseth against either God or the instrument with a kinde of violence and he will not beare this and why should he beare it 2. In prosperitie by vnthankfulnesse when a man giues himselfe ouer to deuoure Gods benefits and makes himselfe thereby more strong in his wickednesse Now follow the faults of the lesse principall faculties and they are two 1. Inward 2. Outward 1. The lesse principall faculties inward are three 1. The Senses 2. The Affections 3. The Appetite 1. The inward Senses are twofold 1. The imagination 2. The memorie 1. In the imagination 1. In regard of the obiect of its working 2. In regard of the measure of its working 1. In regard of the obiect of its working in two respects 1. In respect of good things 2. In respect of euill sinfull things 1. In respect of good things 1. It is dull and dead and doth not stirre them vp on iust occasions 2. Fickle and distracted and pursueth them not being stirred vp 2. In respect of euill things 1. It is very nimble and ready to stir them vp on small occasions 2. It is stedfast and earnest in pursuing them and will not giue ouer 2. In regard of the measure of its working when it is most ready and earnest and abundant in suing and following thoughts of things earthly more then heauenly 2. In the second inward sense viz. the Memorie and that also in two regards 1. For the obiect of it 2. For the measure of working 1. For the obiect of it 1. In regard of euill and polluted things 2. In regard of good and profitable things 1. For euill and polluted things when it 1. Retaines them stedfastly and long and will not suffer them to die 2. When it recals them readily and mischieuously when they doe most hurt and most hinder good things 2. In regard of good and profitable things when 1. It vtterly puts them out of minde for want of attending so that they be as if they had neuer beene seene or heard 2. It casts them carelesly away and as a thing negligently laid vp which one cannot finde when he should vse it euen concealing them when hee should doe good 2. The measure of working when it serues a mans turne more readily for things temporall and earthly then for things spirituall 2. The lesse principall inward faculties are the affections euen as those seuen paire formerly mentioned which are also faultie in a twofold regard 1. In regard of the obiect of their working 2. In regard of the measure of their working 1. In regard of the obiect of their working in two respects 1. When those that are made to be set on good obiects they set vpon euill or vpon that that is but fainedly good as if a man loue delight in hope for be couragious for or be kinde for or be bold in or reuerence one for an euill thing or that that is but in appearance good 2. When those that are made to be set against euill things if they be exercised vpon imaginarie euils or vpon good things as if a man hate grieue for be in despaire of feare or be couragious against or be angry withall or despise one for that that is good or but in seeming euill as to despise one for pietie or pouertie to be angry with one for admonition or plaine-dealing c. 2. The measure of working of the affections when they be exercised more plentifully vpon things naturally good or euill then vpon things spiritually so Only let it be noted that in hope three things are to be considered 1. The thing hoped for 2. The grounds of hoping 3. The persons and things from whom or by whose meanes the thing is hoped for And hope is to be only for good things to ground it selfe wholly vpon Gods word and to looke vp alone vnto God as the foundation of it and in this respect it is called confidence And the faults of hope are foure 1. When it looketh for euill things as I hope to see thee hang'd saith some man in his anger 2. When it is built vpon insufficient grounds as I hope to liue merrily because I haue so good friends 3. When it doth not worke according to Gods word but quite contrary as I hope to haue heauen though I liue wickedly 4. When it is more earnest for things temporall then heauenly as for goods more then grace 3. Sinnes of the lesse principall inward facultie are in the appetite which offends two wayes 1. In the obiect when it longeth for vnlawfull contents of the senses as for another mans wife 2. When it longs so eagerly after lawfull
contents of the bodie as to diuert the minde from seeking after things more worthy as a man is so carried to sports that he neglects prayers c. both these sins are called sensualitie or voluptuousnesse and it is a making of ones belly his God 2. Faults of the lesse principall faculties outward viz. 1. Of speech 2. Of senses 3. Of the locomotiue facultie 1. Of speech in a twofold regard 1. Of the obiect 2. Of the measure 1. Of the obiect when for 1. Good 2. Euill 1. For good 1. When it is vnready to it 2. When its wearie of it 2. For euill when 1. It s nimble to it 2. Constant in talking of it 2. The measure of the speech when we be more plentifull in speaking of things earthly and carnall then of things heauenly and spirituall 2. Faults of the lesse principall faculties outward are of the senses as principally 1. Of the eye 2. Of the eare 1. Of the eye are three 1. In looking after vanitie 2. Turning aside from beholding that that might helpe to good 3. Looking more earnestly when the bodie requires then when the soule 2. The faults of the eare are 3 also 1. When it listneth after euill speeches 2. When it turnes away it selfe from God 3. It s more attentiue to heare things naturally good then spiritually 3. The faults of the lesse principall outward facultie called Locomotiue are in two regards 1. Of the obiect of it 2. Of the measure 1. For the obiect of it when a man is 1. Liuely in vsing it for euill purposes 2. Weary in vsing it for good things 2. For the measure of it when it is lesse liuely and more weary in things spirituall then in things naturall to goe to a market then a Sermon Hitherto the first Commandement The second followes Thou shalt not make to thy selfe any grauen Image c. THE summe of it is to order vs in the solemne worship of God or exercises of diuine seruice called vsually religious exercise That any thing may be called an act of diuine seruice three things are required 1. That it be done with immediate reference to God in that himselfe or some thing in his stead is the obiect of it 2. That it doe tend to the doers intention directly and of it selfe to the getting or increasing of some or all the chiefe graces required in the first Commandement by winning and obtaining them or some of them from God when they hope to please and content him by such an act 3. That there be a separating of ones selfe from all other businesses to be imployed in such acts wholly and altogether And euery exercise of religion or of diuine seruice hath diuers particular actions that be as parts of the whole and in the orderly vniting of which the whole it selfe is accomplished and whatsoeuer is done in such exercise of religion for the end and purpose of pleasing God and getting grace with respect of conscience to him as esteeming that he must and will haue it so or else thy seruice shall not be so well-pleasing and acceptable vnto him This is a part of worship or of diuine seruice for example to offer a young bullocke was an exercise of religion because the Priest did intend to offer it vnto God with an intention of shewing faith and obedience and that directly The doing of it in such a place with such garments with such rites were parts of this worship or religious exercise because in all these the intention of the doer was carried to God accounting the seruice not to be acceptable to him without them and hoping and purposing by the due obseruation of all these things to please God to exercise faith and obedience and other graces as much as by the very offering it selfe So the summe of this second Commandement is to order vs in diuine seruice and the parts thereof This Commandement hath two parts 1. The affirmatiue 2. The negatiue 1. The affirmatiue shewing what God requireth at our hands 2. The negatiue shewing what the Lord forbiddeth 1. The things commanded are of two sorts 1. For the performance of diuine seruice 2. For preseruation of it 1. For the performance of diuine seruice that it be done according to Gods commandement which is the true rule thereof and that for two respects 1. For the matter of it 2. The manner of it 1. The matter of it in regard 1. Of the obiect or thing worshipped 2. The parts or kindes of worship 1. The obiect or thing worshipped must be 1. The liuing God alone 2. God conceiued of in the pure apprehension of the minde not represented to the eye or senses by any figure or representation 2. The parts or kinds of worship that they be by him appointed And the seruices by him appointed are of two sorts 1. Ordinarie 2. Extraordinarie 1. Ordinarie such as are to be done constantly and in a setled course which are threefold 1. Publique 2. Priuate 3. Indifferent 1. Publique and these are two 1. Preaching of the word which is the exposition application of the Scriptures or any points of doctrine therein contained by a Minister vnto the people that must attend thereto 2. The administration of the Sacraments or seales of the couenant of grace either 1. Baptisme 2. The Lords Supper 1. Baptisme which is the seale of our ingraffing into Christ by the Spirit in the washing with water 2. The Lords Supper which is the seale of our nourishing in and by Christ through the giuing and receiuing of bread and wine consecrate and broken for that end 2. The ordinarie seruices by him appointed in priuate are two 1. Conference 2. Meditation 1. Conference of any part of Scripture or point of doctrine therein deliuered betwixt two or moe for their fuller edification therein 2. Meditation which is a serious considering and applying to each ones selfe some point of doctrine or place of Scripture for a mans owne edification 3. The seruices by him appointed which are indifferent are such as must be done both publiquely and priuately of a Congregation together or of a few or of one alone and these are foure 1. Prayer which is a calling vpon God in the name of Christ with petitions and thanksgiuings ioyned with confession of sinne and deprecation of punishment 2. Reading the Scriptures or other good bookes increating of diuine matters 3. Catechising which is a plaine and easie instructing of the simple in the grounds of Christian doctrine by briefe and familiar Questions and Answers either by the Minister in publique or the gouernours in priuate or some able bodie in their place 4. Singing of Psalmes that is vttering of holy matter in musicall numbers and tune either with voice alone or instruments and voice 2. Extraordinarie seruices by him appointed are such as are to be done now and then vpon speciall occasion which are 3. 1. Fasting which is the bestowing of an artificiall day or more in exercise of humiliation and