Selected quad for the lemma: ground_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
ground_n	earth_n	place_n	water_n	1,539	5	6.1966	4	false

Text snippets containing the quad

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A65153	The vulcano's, or, Burning and fire-vomiting mountains, famous in the world, with their remarkables collected for the most part out of Kircher's Subterraneous world, and exposed to more general view in English : upon the relation of the late wonderful and prodigious eruptions of Ætna, thereby to occasion greater admirations of the wonders of nature (and of the God of nature) in the mighty element of fire.; Mundus subterraneus. English. Selections	Kircher, Athanasius, 1602-1680.	1669 (1669)	Wing V688; Wing K624; ESTC R7959	57,839	80

hath already been inculcated and joyning its fat and humid to the hot and dry lodging under Sulphureous Glebes in the intimate bosoms of the Earth restores that which is consum'd away with an uncessant conception and birth of a new generation But in the external surface by vapours attracted from the Sea and which are fruitful and even big with the said new Geniture or Generation of the Sea it lies within the porous Hives or Cells of the now burnt matter through the Snows Hails Rains mixt with the Dust and Ashes a new Geniture or Conception which in its time the matter being now mature and ripe may at length break forth into great Burnings You see therefore the wonderful and indeficient Circulation of Nature in its operations Corallary III. From these things it follows that the formal cause of the Burnings of this Mountain is the Fire it self The material Sulphur and Salt Nitre Bitumen and the like matters apt to cherish Fires propagated by a perpetual motion from the intimate dark recesses of the Earth and also from the incumbent Sea plying thereon The Instrumental the Gavernous nature of the place and the whole Body or Bulk of the Mountain wholly full of Burrows and hanging together aloft and pois'd of it self and perpetually burdened and oppressed with Sulphureous Smoak and Soot Lastly the efficient cause are Winds and Blasts which flowing out of the most inward Caverns at this kind of vent or issue and as it were at their proper gorges and open jaws exuscitate with certain Bellows as we may so say the dorment Fires to enkindle the matter whatsoever shall be found next Sith all Sicily is wholly bored through with innumerable Caverns and Burrows as was before mention'd Else where we have abundantly demonstrated the wounderful Ragings and Tides of the Sicilian Streight and the alterations of its flux and reslux and also the insatiable force of the devouring gulf of Seylla and Charybdis and how that it depends on the said Mountain being disposed after a wonderful way and manner in Subterraneous Shops and work-houses throughout the universal Islands Of which thing this may be a clear Testimony that Charybdis tumultuating after an unusual manner Aetna also withal rages at the same time being together with it stirred up with the Spirit of Sedition and tumult and the sulphureous dens recieving into themselves the more vehement winds and blasts thereby the combustible matter agitated and puffed no otherwise then as with Smith's Bellows burst forth violently into huge Globes of Flames But other winds blowing Aetna seems to take respit for that the orifices of the passages are plac'd in a contrary way to the current waves and flouds of the Sea and hindred by the neighbour Mountain But at the East and South winds blowing according to the constitution of the channels now Flames sometimes Smoke now and then Embers Sparkles and Flakes But sometimes the Fuel being augmented in it self it wonderfully rages with burnings with a formidable stream and floud of Fire and Brimstone which now and then it is wont to belch forth out of the inmost shops of the aestuaries of fire under ground with an huge destruction and ruine of the subjected Villages Fields Cities and Cattel The forerunners of which are groanings of the Caverns from intercepted and shut-up Spirits Roarings of the Sea joyn'd with trembling of the Earth By all which coming so thick together Nature as it were overpress'd and impatient of bonds breaks open all Prison Doors and Barrs and rushes any way it can get out and like a burning River or Floud consumes not only Fields with the mighty rouling stream wherewith it is poured down but also intire Villages overturns neighbouring Towns and Cities and every where leaving footsteps full of horrour devours Woods Rocks and Mountains and nothing is able to stand in its way Of which things the Monuments of Historians are full We conclude therefore the matter of Subterraneous Fire to be not only Sulphur Bitumen Pit-Coals but also Allom Salt Nitre Coaly Earth and Calcanthum or Vitriol and such kind of Metals For Sulphur and Bitumen do not make the Fire so impetuous as that Fire which subverts Mountains buries Cities in Ashes and the ejectments of Pumices and by an incredible violence belches out stony and Rocky Mountains out of the very Mountains as hath plainly appear'd from what hath preceded But some other thing must needs be adjoyned thereto to perform this effect which we go about to explain I say therefore that the universal matter of Subterraneous Fire ought to be sharp and thick or gross as Sulphureous and Bituminous matter are whereto is joyn'd with a great and necessary alliance of Commerce Salt-peter which having its substance replenished with most tumid spirits and joyn'd to Sulphur and enkindled whilst it finds no exit or vent it exercises that force upon the subterraneous obstacles that lye in its way which a little before we have expounded especially if crude Antimony and Mercurial Spirits be superadded as sufficiently appears from the mighty efficacy of Warlike Guns and Cannons Furthermore the combustible materials they are not found but in Subterraneous Dens of which sort are divers kinds of Stones various species of terrestrial Glebes Metallick Mixtures and Miscellanies of the other Minerals And besides these Salt Allom Salt-peter Salt-Ammoniack and whatsoever is there found even to the very Water it self And even Mountains and huge vast Stones are turned into matter and nutriment of the Fire Then forthwith the matter generated only burns and this being consumed away the Fire is extinguished and changing its station invades another near unto it as comes to pass in Bituminous Earths Then afterwards the consumed matter conceiving new Seeds springs again and a good while after is enkindled which indeed if it be by a sudden generation born again in great plenty as in Aetna Strumbolo the Phlegraean Plains then they will burn with an everlasting Fire But the Generation of such kind of matters is made after this manner The Sea replenished with fatness and unctuosity while it enters the hidden Rooms and Chambers of the Earth by and by nourishes anew the substantial parts of the Mountain extenuated with the Fire and replenishes their substance that hath lost its marrow and strength with a new fatness and if a way lie open into Sulphureous Vaults and Houses under ground the water being driven in will be turn'd into the nutriment of Sulphur If into Bituminous places into the nutriment of Bitumen if into Aluminous veins of Allom And so of the rest the same reason And thus the Substances destroyed by the Fire are repaired almost after the same way that Iron is renew'd again in the Island Elva the Mines for several years lying idle and fallow as it were and as stones which they call Travertine in the Fields of Tivoli But how the said matters should conceive fire was above-said As how indeed scarcely from the Sun not

convey new Provanr to the Subterraneous Fire to nourish and conserve it and by this means also doth supply new matter to provoke and stir up the Sea again as but now was declar'd You see therefore the manner and way of the Circulation of Nature You see how Water Fire Fire Water mutually as it were cherish one another and by a certain unanimous consent conspire to the Conservation of the Geocosm or Terrestrial World For if Subterraneous Fire should emit no vapours for matters of Winds The Sea as it were torpid and void of motion would go into a putridness to the ruine of the whole Globe And consequently destitute of the aid of Winds could neither also succour Subterraneous Fire with necessary nutriment Whence the Fire extinct being the life of the Macrocosm as spiritous blood is of the Microcosm Universal Nature must necessarily perish Lest therefore Nature undergoing so great a detriment should fail Hereupon God most good and great by provident Nature the Hand-maid of the Supream Work-master would have both Elements be in a perpetual Motion for admirable ends elsewhere shewn For the Water sliding through the secret passages under ground supplies moisture and together therewith carries a mixture of Terrestrial portions to the Fire-houses for their food And these again swelling with hot Spirits carried upwards and elevated through wonted Fire-ducts do with their heat cherish the Water-houses and other kind of Receptacles whether of Air or several Juyces of Minerals and Earths for there are Store-houses of all under ground and do animate them for the Generation both of Minerals and also of Vegetables to be promoted or furthered by exhalations And so in an everlasting and circulatory motion all things which are beheld in Nature do exist and abide And so Subterraneous Fire together with Water are the Effectors and Generators we may say of all things c. II. This Scheme expresses the Nests of Heat only or which is all one the Fire-houses variously distributed through the Universal Bowels of the Earth by the admirable Workmanship of God lest any where should be wanting what would be so greatly necessary to the Conversation of the Geocosm But let none perswade himself as if the Fires were constituted as here represented and the Fire-houses forthwith disposed in that order In no wise this We would onely hereby shew that the bowels of the Earth are full of Aestuaries that is places overflown and raging with Fire which we call Under-ground Fire-houses or Conservatories whether after such or any other manner disposed From the Centre therefore we have deduc'd the Fire through all the Paths to be supposed of the Terrestrial World even to the very Vulcanian Mountains themselves in the Exteriour Surface The Central Fire is signed with the letter A. The rest are the Aestuaries or Fire-houses signed with B. The Fire-ducts C. But the least Channels are Fissures or clests of the Earth which the Fiery Spirits pass and make their way through A. The Central Fire B. The Fire-houses C. The Fire-ducts Fissures of the Earth the rest The TABLE CHAP. I. Of Subterraneous Fire-houses That is Abysses or deep Storehouses of Fire or if you will Aestuaries that is places overslown and raging with or as it were Creeks of Fire underground CHAP. II. Of the Volcano's or Ignovomous that is Fire-vomiting Mountains in General CHAP. III. Of the Manifold Volcano's of Italy in Particular CHAP. IV. Of the Remakables of Volcano's and their Eruptions in General CHAP. V. Of the Remarkables of the Volcano's of Italy and their notorious Eruptions in particular c. Viz. Of the Phlegraean Plains or Volcano's Court. Of the Mountain Vesuvius c. CHAP. VI. Of the Prodigious and Wonderful Aetna in Special and of the Vulcanian Islands adjoyning Aetna's Crater or Fire-Cup A Chronicle of Aetna's Fires c. Of the Volcanello's Strombolo and Volcano c. A sad story of a Spanish Priest c. A foolish Story of Sir Thomas Gresham The VULCANO'S OR Mountains vomiting Fire famous in the World with their Remarkables CHAP. I. Of Subterraneous Abysses and Conservatories or Store-houses of Fire the Original Cause and Sourse of all fiery Eruptions and Vulcano's THAT there are Subterraneous Conservatories and Treasuries of Fire even as well as there are of Water and Air c. and vast Abysses and bottomless Gulphs in the Bowels and very Entrals of the Earth stored therewith no sober Philosopher can deny If he do but consider the prodigious Vulcano's or fire-belching Mountains the eruptions of sulphurous fires not only out of the Earth but also out of the very Sea the multitude and variety of hot Baths every where occurring And that they have their sourse and birth-place not in the Air not in the Water nay nor as the Vulgar perswade themselves not at the bottom of the Mountains but in the very in-most privy-Chambers and retiring places of the Earth is as reasonable to think And there Vulcan as it were to have his Elaboratories Shops and Forges in the profoundest Bowels of Nature For how else could there be every where such a quantity of Minerals brimstone and sulphurous unctuous matters without any fire and subterraneous burnings of fire-engendring and all concocting nature which by no means can be conceived to be enkindled from the conflicts of air and moisture in those most dark and deep Regions of the Earth so remote from all influence of the Sun Therefore subterraneous fire was necessary to the internal Oeconomy or constitution of as it were the organiz'd parts of the earth and distribution of Life and heat as we may so say to all the exteriour members Plato acknowledges hidden treasuries of ever-flowing flames and most huge Rivers of fires as well as of waters Yea and Aristotle himself affirms most ample sourses as of water so of spirit and fire Also Pliny Vitruvius Cicero have noted this Arcanum of nature for in the bowels of the earth are observed hidden operations of heat and the greatest parts of the world are upheld and sustained by heat underneath We see fire struck forth from the conflict and attrition of stones and the reeking earth to smoke upon every new digging especially if deep And also hot and warm waters drawn out of Wells continually and that chiefly in winter for that a great force of heat is contain'd and pent up within the Caverns of the earth All the Poetick Fables of Vulcan Vesta the Cyclops seem to allude to this subterraneous fire This is the sense of Lucretius singing thus The Earth contains within it's Womb First Seeds whence th' Sea and flowing Rivers come In constant course Sources of Fire it has For burning Soyls we see in many a place But above all Aetna's impetuous Cell Rages with flames from th' lowest pit of Hell And Manilius But with all parts the Fires mingled are Quick Lightning in the teeming Clouds of th' Air They gender Pierce the Earth whence Aetna's Mountains Dare Heaven Also