K. Henry the Third and K. Edward the First And with the Interments of Edward the Black Prince Henry the Fourth and Joan his Wife And at Feversham were interred K. Stephen and Maud his Queen After divers afflictions by the Danes this City was at length fortified by Richard the Second and afterwards Walled about by Simon Sadbury Arch-Bishop of that See Next to Canterbury Rochester requires the preheminence of all the other Towns Historians report that this City was first built by Julius Caesar How or by whom these two Cities are Governed I do not find But the Arms of Canterbury is Gules Martlets in a Chief Argent a Lyon Passant Guardant Or. And the Arms of Rochester is Argent a Plain Cross Gules with an R in the Centre Or. In Chief a Lyon of England The Earls since the first Constitution are Odo Bishop of Boyen Will. Iprese E. of Flan. Hubert de Burgh Edmond Woodstock Tho. Holland Edmond Graye Things remarkable in this County are The Medicinal Wells at Tunbridge the Virtues of the Waters of them are sufficiently known At Egerton is a Spring whose Water turns Wood into Stone Three miles South from Tunbridge on the edge of Sussex in a white sandy Ground are divers huge craggy Stones of strange forms whereof two of the greatest stand so close together and yet are divided with so streight a Line as one would think they had been sawn asunder The River of Medway loseth it self under ground and riseth again at Loose not far from Cox-Heath There are three Ridges of Hills in Kent viz. The first is that which runs by Boxtey Dettling Hellingborn c. and is called Health without Wealth The second is that which runs by Sutttonulcomb Booton Malherf c. and is called Health and Wealth The third is that which runs by Tenderden and is called Wealth without Health At Motingham 8 miles from London in Anno 1585. August the 4th after a violent Tempest of Thunder and Rain the Ground suddenly began to sink and three great Elms growing upon it were carried so deep into the Earth that no part of them could any more be seen The compass of the hole is said to be 240 foot about and a Line of 50 Fathom plummed down into it finds no bottom In Tenderden-Steeple about the Belfrey there is a Stone which as the Rain falls upon it out of the Air or the Rain drippings from other Stones about it grows in about 5 or 6 years very manifestly which having been pared away with an Instrument grows up again as high as before Upon the Shoars of the Isle of Sheppey are found weighty Stones out of which Brimstone and Coperas are tryed by boyling them in a Furnace for that purpose Near unto Feversham are Pits of great depth narrow at the mouth and very broad below which have distinction of Rooms or Chambers within them and Pillars of Chalk as it were to support them Great store of Samphire grows on the Cliffs between Deal and Dover At Dengenesse for a mile and more together do naturally grow abundance of hollow Trees among nothing but Beach and Pebbles And Westward from this place Pease grow naturally in Clusters as Grapes do which differ but little in taste from Field Peasen Also between Thâ—net Isle and Sandwich a kind of Hops grow natural y among the Beach and Pebbles In the Isle of Sheppey there are no Moles and if any be carried over thither they suddenly dye The River Stowre that runs through Canterbury breeds the best Trouts in the South-east parts of England At Boxley-Abby about 2 miles from Maidstroe is a Spring the water whereof in 9 days will turn Sticks and small Wood into Stone In the year 1596 upon the 18th of December a mile and half from Westram Southward and not many miles from Motingham Two Closes lying together separated with a Hedg of hollow Ashes then was found a part thereof about 12 Perches long to be sunk six foot and an half deep the next morning 15 foot more the third morning 80 foot more at least and so daily that great Trench of Ground containing in length about 80 Perches and in breadth 28 Perches began with the Trees and Hedges on it to loose it self from the rest of the Ground lying round about it and withal to move and shoot Southward day and night for Eleven days The Ground of two water Pits the one 6 foot deep the other 12 foot deep and about 4 Perches over in breadth having sundry Tuffs of Alders and Ashes growing in the bottom with a great Rock of Stone under them were not only removed out of their places and carried towards the South at least 4 Perches apiece but withal mounted aloft and became hilly with their Sedge Flags and black mud upon the tops of them higher than the face of the Water which they had forsaken by 9 foot and in the place from which they were removed other Ground which lay higher is descended receiving the Water which lyes upon it Moreover in one place of the plain Field there is a great hole made by sinking of the Earth to the depth of 30 foot at the least being in breadth in some places 2 Perches over and in length 5 or 6 Perches Also there is a Hedge 30 Perches long carried Southward with his Trees 7 Perches at the least Divers other Sinkings there be in several other Places viz. One of 60 foot another of 47 and another of 34 foot By means of which confusion it is come to pass that where the highest Hills were there be the deepest Dales and the lowest Dales are become the highest Hills The whole measure of breaking was about 10 Acres In the year 1651. in the Parish of Lenisham 6 miles from London a Medicinal Water was found out and is much frequented Lancashire IS bounded on the East by Yorkshire On the West by the Irish Sea On the South by Cheshire And on the North by Cumberland and Westmorland It contains in length 57 miles In breadth 32 miles And in Circumference 65 miles For the Temperature of the Air it is thin and piercing and not troubled with gross Mysts or Fogs The People are very Comely Strong Healthful long liv'd and not subject to Novel Diseases For the Soil It is not very fruitful yet it breeds a great number of Cattel and those of a very great proportion having goodly Heads and large spread Horns It yieldeth great store of Coles and a competent increase of Flax. The Plain of this County is very good for Wheat and Barley but that which lyes at the bottom of the Hills is best for Oats The chief Commodities that this County affords are Cole Cattel Fowl Fish and Flax. It is in the Diocess of Chester and hath in it 61 Parishes And out of it are elected 14 Members to sit in Parliament Knights 2 Lancaster 2 Preston 2 Newton 2 Wigan 2 Clitherow 2 Liverpoole 2 Its Division is into 6 Hundreds viz. Loynsedale
growing on it quite sunk under the ground Trees and all and the Earth for about 20 yards round about it was so shattered and broken that they durst not go near the place where the Bank sunk but since that time by Ropes some have adventured to go to the brink to see the bottom which is Water about 30 yards from the brink and since the Earth about for 16 yards compass is sunk with 3 tall Oaks a tall Awber and other small Trees not one sprig of them to be seen more Land is like to fall daily and when any falls it is much like the Report of a Cannon It is said concerning the Nature and Condition of the People of this County by Lucian the Monk That In Feasting they are friendly At Meat chearful In Entertainment liberal Soon angry and as soon pleased Lavish in Words Impatient of Servitude Merciful to the Afflicted Compassionate to the Poor Kind to their Kindred Spare of Labour Void of Dissimulation And far from dangerous Practices And this more is added by Speed That This Shire hath never been stained with the blot of Rebellion but ever stood true to their King and his Crown Cornwal THis County is bounded on the East by Devonshire On the West and North by the Irish or Virginian Sea And on the South by the British Sea It containeth in Length 70 Miles In Breadth 35 Miles And in Circumference 150 Miles The Air of this County is mightily cleansed by the sharp Gales which blow over it from the several Sea-Coasts making it very pure and subtil and consequently very healthful the County in general except the East end thereof troubled by violent blasts many times leaving their Houses without covers The Soil in most places is hilly separated one from another by narrow Valleys The superficies or upper part of the Land in general is very barren but the inner parts thereof very rich by reason of the great quantities of Tin and Copper-Mines which County continues best stored with that Merchandise of any part of the World besides The Commodities of this County are Copper Tin Fish and Fowl in abundance but Corn and Cattel not so plentiful And besides the Tin and Copper-Mines whose Vein in the lower Valleys at low water may be seen above the ground there are also in some Rocks found Gold and Silver and Diamonds also shaped and polished by nature which Diamonds are not inferior to those so much esteemed save only in blackness and hardness but then they exceed them in magnitude for there are of them found as big as Walnuts It is in the Diocess of Exceter and hath in it 161 Parishes And out of it are elected 44 Members to sit in Parliament Knights 2 Dunhivid alias Lanceston 2 Leskard 2 Loswithell 2 Truroe 2 Bodmyn 2 Helston 2 Saltaishe 2 Camelford 2 Port-Pigham alias Welstow 2 Graw-pound 2 Eastlow 2 Penryn 2 Tregoney 2 Bossiney 2 St. Ives 2 Fowey 2 St. Germins 2 Michell 2 Newport 2 St. Mawes 2 Killington 2 It is divided into 9 Hundreds viz. Penwith Kirri Powder Pider West Trig. Lesnowth East Stratton In which are 21 Market-Towns viz. Stratton Tuesd Truroe We. Sa. Penrin W. F. S. St. Ives We. Fr. St. Colomb Thurs Falmouth Thurs Market Jew Th. Penzanch Thurs St. Germans Frid. Camelford Frid. Listhyel Frid. Foy Sat. East Looe Saltash Padstow Sat. Grampond Sat. Tregnye Sat. Helston Sat. Launston Sat. Liskard Sat. Bodman Sat. The chief Town is Launston lying in the Latitude of 50 deg 42 min. Bearing from London W. S. W. and distant therefrom 170 Miles thus From London to New Brainford 8. To Stanes 12. To Hartley-Row 28. To Basing Stoke 36. To Andover 52. To Salisbury 70. To Shaftsbury 88. To Sherbourn 100. To Axminster 119. To Honiton 126. To Excester 138. To Launston 170. But by more accurate Admeasurement 216. The Dukes and Earls of Cornwal since the first Constitution are Robert de Morton Regnald base Son of William the Conqueror John Son to K. Henry the II. Richard E. of Cornwal and K. of Romans Edward Son to K. Eward I. Pierce Gaveston Earl of Cornwal John of Eltham Earl of Cornwal Edward P. of Wales D. of Cornwal and 2d of Chester Things remarkable in this County The Men of this County are more hardy and strong and so consequently addicted to more boisterous Sports as Wrestling Carrying Pitching the Bar and the like than any English men besides To instance in some few particulars One John Brag carried at his back at one time for the quantity of a Butt length almost 6 Bushels of Wheaten Meal reckoning 15 Gallons to the Bushel and the Miller's Man also a stout fellow of 20 years of age at the same time Also one Kiltor who lying upon his back in Launceston Castle-Green threw a Stone of some pounds weight over the top of one of the high Towers of that Castle These Countreymen are very healthful and long liv'd 80 and 90 years is ordinary One Polzew lived 130 years a Kinsman of his 112 One Beaucham 106 and one Brown a Bowyer 100 And in one Parish in Q. Elizabeth's time there died in 14 Weeks space four People whose ages added together made 340 years And farther One Mr. Chamond who lived at Stratton in this County was Uncle and Great Uncle to at least 300 Persons There is a Stone found here upon the Moors and waste Grounds which they call Moor-stone with which they make Chimney-Pieces Door-Cases and Windows Also another of the colour of grey Marble And the Pebbles here cast upon the Shore are by their working wrought naturally to a round form They have also here of Slate 3 sorts viz. Bley Sage-Colour and Grey In Q. Elizabeth's time a flock of Birds came into Cornwal about Harvest a little bigger than a Sparrow which had Bills thwarted cross-wise at the end with which they would cut an Apple in two at one snap eating only the Kernels which Fowl made a great waste among Apple-trees Almost every Hill in this County sendeth forth Springs of very pleasant and wholsom Water These Countreymen are excellent Archers they commonly shoot 24 score their Arrows being a full yard long wherewith they will pierce any ordinary Armour One Robert Arundel would shoot 12 score out of his right hand with his left hand behind his head And one Rob. Bone shot at a little Bird sitting upon a Cow's back and killed the Bird without touching the Cow Edcomb-House by Plimouth is very rare First For the brave Eccho about it and Secondly For that by it they dig a Stone that serveth for Building Lime Marl and all Some Gentlemen in this County have salt Water-Ponds about their Houses into which if you cast Boughs of Trees Oysters will grow upon them At Saltash is a Well the Water of which will never boyl Pease to an eatable softness The Cement or Mortar of the Walls of Tintogel-Castle resist the fierceness of the Weather more than the Stones
themselves In St. Cleere's-Parish in Cornhil there are upon a Plain 6 or 8 Stones such as are upon Salisbury-Plain which like them too will be mistaken in their telling so that when they are told over again they will be found either more or less than before At Hall near Foy is a Fagot all of one piece of Wood naturally grown so and it is wrapped about with a Band and parted at the ends into 4 Sticks one of which Sticks is subdivided into two others It was carefully preserved many years by the Earl of Devon being reckoned as a fore-token of his Progeny for his Estate is now come into the hands of 4 Cornish Gentlemen one of whose Estates is divided between two Heirs In Landers Park there grows an Oak that bears Leaves speckled with white and another the like in East Hundred called Painters Oak There are 2 Lakes near St. Agnes Hill in one of them Fish will live and thrive but not in the other By Helford is a great Rock lying upon the ground the top whereof is hollow which holdeth water and ebbs and flows as the Sea doth Mainamber a very great Rock in this Shire lyes or resteth upon other smaller Rocks and the push of a finger will sensibly move it to and fro but all the force which men can use cannot move it from its place About 40 years since upon the Shore of this Shire was found by a Fisherman a huge mass of Ambergrease Among the many Ports Bays and Havens this Countrey hath about it that of Falmouth is so copious that 100 Ships may therein ride at Anchor apart by themselves so that from the tops of their highest Masts they shall not see each other and yet lye all safe under wind At Boskenna is a Trophy erected which are 18 Stones placed round pitched 12 foot each from other and another in the Centre far bigger than the rest to shew some Victory there obtained by the Romans or K. Athelston In many Places hereabouts are pieces of Armour both for Horse and Man digged out of the ground Cumberland IS bounded on the East by Northumberland and Westmorland On the West by the Irish Sea On the South by Westmorland and Lancashire and on the North by Scotland It containeth in length 56 Miles in breadth 32 Miles and in Circumference 173 Miles The Air is sharp and piercing but is much mitigated by the Northern Hills which break the Storm and falling Snow The Soil is fertile for the most part both for Corn and Cattle and the Maritime places are well furnished with Fish and Fowl and the Rivers bear a kind of Muscle that beareth Pearl The chief Commodities are Sheep Copper Brass Cole Fowl Fish Cloath and Black Lead It is in the Diocess of Chester and Carlisle and hath in it 58 Parishes Out of it are Elected 6 Members to sit in Parliament Knights 2 Carlisle 2 Cockermouth This County is not divided into Hundreds the former In it are contained 15 Market-Towns Cockermouth Mond Wigton Tuesday Brampton Tuesday Perith Tuesday Bootle Wednesday Whitehaven Thurs Ireby Thursday Kirk-swald Thurs Longtown Thursday Aston Moor Saturday Carlisle Saturday Egremont Saturday Ravenglas Saturday Keswick Saturday Abbeyholm Saturday The chief City in this Shire is Carlisle lying in the Latitude of 55 deg 0 min. Bearing from London N. N. W. and distant therefrom 2â—â— Miles Thus To Warington 136. To Lancaâ—â— 187. To Kendall 203. To Carlisle 235. But 〈◊〉 more accurate admeasurement upon the Roâ—â— 301 Miles This City is pleasantly seated betwixt the 〈◊〉 Rivers Eden Petterell and Cand. In the days 〈◊〉 Egfrid K. of Northumberland was walled about and again defaced by the Danes and so conâ—â—nued 200 years till the time of K. Rufus wâ—â— rebuilt the Castle and placed therein a Coloâ—â— of Flemings This County hath formerly been strengthenâ—â— with 25 Castles which were dissolved by Kâ—â—â— Henry the 8th The Earls of Carlisle since the first Constitution are Hen. Clifford Earl of Cumberland Marcatus Earls of Carlisle Ron. Meschems Earls of Carlisle Andrew Harkley Earls of Carlisle James Hay Earls of Carlisle Charles Howard Earls of Carlisle Prince Rupert Duke of Cumberland The Coat Armor of the City Carlisle is Argent a Castle between two Roses Or In a Chief Gules a Lyon Passant Gardant of the second The Base Wavy Argent and Sable The Principal things remarkable in this County are The Picts Wall extending through the main Land from Sea to Sea built all of Stone it was 8 foot broad and 12 high and from the West Seat to the mouth of Tine in length near 100 Miles ascending and descending over great Crags and high Hills the track whereof in many places is yet to be seen At the end of every thousand Paces there was erected a Watch-Tower in which Soldiers were kept for the securing of the same At Salcelds upon the River Eden is a Trophy of Victory erected called by the Inhabitants Long Meg and her Daughters This Monument consists of 77 Stones each 10 foot high above ground and one of them namely Long Meg is 15 foot high Skiddaw-Hill riseth up with two mighty high heads and beholds Scruffell-Hill in Scotland By the mists rising and falling upon this Hill they foresee the change of weather and signifie the same by this Proverb If Skiddaw have a Cap Scruffell wots full well of that In this County there are two other exceeding high Hills viz. Lavvellin and Casticand Upon the Shore of this Shire Trees are many times at Low water discovered by the blowing of the Wind which at other times are covered with Sand. And Trees without Boughs are often digged out of the mossy places which in the Summer time the Countrey People discover by the direction of the dew for the dew never stands upon those places under which these Trees lye Upon the Picts Wall grow Vulnerary Plants which the Scotch Chirurgeons make annual journies to gather which they suppose were first planted by the Romans Derbyshire IS bounded on the East by Nottinghamshire On the West by Staffordshire On the South by Leicestershire And on the North by Yorkshire It containeth in length 34 Miles In breadth 26. And in Circumference 130 Miles The temperature of the Air of this Shire as most of the Inland Counties of England are is very wholsom The Soyl in the South and East Parts very rich but the North and West Parts very hilly with a black and mossy barren ground These two different Soils are severed by the River Derwent the Water whereof in some places is made black by the Earth it passeth by The Commodities of this Shire are Milstones Crystal Alabaster Whetstones And in the Peak Pit-Cole Iron and Lead It is in the Diocess of Lichfield and Coventry and hath in it 106 Parishes Out of it are elected 4 Parliament Men. Knights 2 Derby 2 Its Division is into Six Hundreds viz. Highis Peak Hund. Scarsdale Hund. Workesworth Hund. Appletree Hund. Ofap Hund. Reppington Hund. And
Amounderne Blackburn Laisand West Darbie Salford And in these Hundreds are 26 Market-Towns viz. Boulton Mon. Blackborn M. Wigan M. and Fr. Poulton Mon. Cartmill Mon. Hornby Mon. Haws-head Mon. Rochdale Tues Charley Tu. Ormek rk Tues Kirkham Tues Prescot Tues Hâ—slington Wed. Coln Wed. Warington W. Preston W. F. S. Bury Thurs Gastinge Th. Vlverston Th. Lancaster Sa. Manchester Sa. Clitheroe Sa. Leverpoole Sa. Dalton Sa. Leigh Great Eccleston The Shire-Town in this County is Lancaster lying in the Latitude of 54 deg 10. min. And it beareth from London N. W. by N. and is distant therefrom 187 miles Thus From London to Barnet 10. to St. Alban 20. to Dunstable 30. to Stony Stratford 44. to Toceter 50. to Daventry 60. to Coventry 74. to Lichfield 94. to Rugeley 99. to Stone 110. to Newcastle 116. to Warrington 136. to Newton 141. to Wiggan 148. to Preston 162. to Garstang 172. to Lancaster 187. But by a more exact admeasurement upon this Road it is found to be distant from London 232 miles This Town is very pleasantly situate but the Inhabitants thereof do not much abound in Wealth It is built on the South-side of the River Lon The principal Glory of this Town consisteth in the Church the Castle and the Bridge and in it are many fair and long Streets To this Town K. Edward the Third granted a Mayor and two Bailiffs which are elected out of 12 Brethren assisted by 24 Burgesses by whom it is yearly Governed with the supply of 2 Chamberlains a Recorder Town-Clerk and 2 Sergeants at Mace The Arms of this Town is Party per Fesse Vert and Gules in Chief a Quadrangle of Castles walled Argent and in Base a Lyon of England The Earls and Dukes of this County are Edmond Croukback Earl John of Gaunt D. The Kings of England of the House of Lancaster were Henry the IV. Henry the V. Henry the VI. Henry the VII Those of the House of York Edward IV. Edward V. Richard III. After many Battels and conflicts at length by the happy Marriage of Henry the 7th K. of England next Heir to the House of Lancaster with Elizabeth Daughter and Heir to Edward the 4th of the House of York the Red and white Roses were United Although Lancaster be the Shire Town yet the Town of Manchester far exceedeth it which is famous not only for the Church Colledge and Market-Place but for the great resort to it for Cloathing It was by Anthony the Emperour called Mancunium and was made the Fort and Station of the Romans Bible Chester also in this County though but a little Town hath been esteemed and called The Richest Town in Christendom Things Remarkable in this County Along the Sea side in many places lye heaps of Sand upon which the People pour Water till it contract a Saltish humour from the Sand and this they boyl with Turff till it become White Salt Not far from Fourness Fells is the greatest standing Water in England of a wonderful depth and stretching it self out for the space of 10 miles together all Paved in the bottom with Stone This Water is called the Miander Meer and there breeds in it a kind of Fish called a Chare which is no where else to be found The Mosses in this Shire are very unwholsom but the upper Coat of this Mossy Earth being pared away it yields a fat Earth for Fuel And in divers places under this mossy Earth good Marl is found to inrich the Land On the Banks of the River Irwell there is found a reddish Stone And about Manchester are Quarries of very good Stone By Chatmosse is a low moisy Ground very large a great part of which saith Cambden the Brooks swelling high carried quite away with them whereby the Rivers were corrupted and a number of fresh Fish perished In this place now lyes a low Vale watered with a small Brook where Trees have been digged up lying along The Wood of these Trees burns very bright so that some think them to be Fir Trees But Cambden questions whether they be not Subterraneous Trees growing under Ground as well as Plants and other Creatures Upon the very top of Pendle Hill grows a peculiar Plant called Clowdesberry as coming out of the Clouds This Hill lately did the Countrey near it much harm by abundance of water gushing out of it And this is remarkable for whensoever the top of it is covered with a Myst it is an infallible sign of Rain Besides this Hill there are not far from it two others viz. Ingleborrow and Penigent which seem to touch the Clouds In the River Lune near Cockerfand Abby is great store of Salmon Leicestershire THis Shire is bounded on the East by Lincolnshire On the West by Warwickshire On the South by Northamptonshire And on the North by Derbyshire and Nottinghamshire It containeth in length 30 miles In breadth 26 miles And in Circumference 100 miles The Air of this Shire is mild and wholsom making the Inhabitants very healthy and long liv'd The Soil is good for the production of Corn Cattle and Coles The principal Commodities are Pease Beans Cattle and Wool It is in the Diocess of Lincoln and hath in it 192 Parishes Out of it are elected 4 Parliament Men. Knights 2 Leicester 2 Its Division is into 6 Hundreds viz. West Goscote Sparkingho Goodlaxton Gartrey East Goscote Framland And in these Hundreds are 12 Market-Towns viz. Hinckley Mon. Mont Sorell Mon. Melton Mowbrey Tu. Harborough Tu. Bâ—sworth Wednes Loughborow Th. Waltham Would Th. Hallaton Th. Lutterworth Th. Billesden Frid. Leicester Sat. Asby de la Zouch Sa. The Principal Town in this Shire is Leicester lying in the Latitude of 52 deg 41 min. It beareth from London N. N. W. and is distant therefrom 78 miles Thus From London to Barnet 10. to St. Albans 20. to Dunstable 30. to Stony-Stratford 44. to Northampton 54. to Haverborough 66. to Leicester 78. But by more accurate admeasurement along the Road 98 miles This Town is said to be built by King Leir who lived 844 years before the Birth of Christ By whom this City is annually Governed I do not find but the Arms of the Town seem to be the same with that of Robert de Bellemont who was first Earl thereof which is Gules a Cinquefoil Ermine pierced of the Field The Earls of Leicester since the first Constitution are Robert de Bellemont Simon de Montefort Ranulph Earl of Chester Simon de Montefort Edmond Crouchback Will. de Bavar E. of Holland John of Gaunt D. of Lancaster Robert Dudley Things remarkable in this County Near Bosworth upon Redemore the last of the 13 Battels between the two Houses of York and Lancaster was fought whose dissention spent England more Blood than did the winning of France In which Battel Richard the Tyrant and Usurper by Henry Earl of Richmond with 4000 men were slain and but 10 only on the Earl's part lost their Lives The Corps of the Dead King
on the Bank of the River Can and is of great Trade and resort and the Inhabitants are very industrious for making of Cloath and have great Vent and Traffick for the same for their Woollen Cloaths are vended through all parts of England The Town is annually managed by an Alderman chosen out of his 12 Brethren who are all distinguished from the rest by wearing of Purple Gowns The Alderman and his Senior Brother are always Justices of the Peace and Quorum They have also a Town-Clerk a Recorder 2 Sergeants at Mace and 2 Chamberlains The Arms of the Town is Quarterly two Coots the first Argent 3 Tees Sable The second Gules 3 Spears in Pale Argent The third like the second the fourth as the first The Earls of this County since the Norman Conquest John Duke of Bedford Earl of Somerset John Duke of Somerset Earl of Somerset John De Foix Earl of Somerset Ralph Nevill Earl of Somerset Francis Farrar Earl of Somerset Things remarkable in this County Near unto the River Loder is a Spring that Ebbs and Flows many times in a day In the same place are Stones like Pyramids some of them being 9 foot high and 14 foot thick pitched directly in a Row for a mile together In the River Can near unto Kendall are two Cataracts or Water-falls where the Waters descend with a great fall and mighty noise And when that which standeth North from the Neighbours living between them sounds cleerer and lowder than the other they certainly look for fair weather to follow But when that on the South side doth so they expect Foggs and Showers of Rain Near Kirkby Lonsdale are many deep and hollow places like Caves In ancient times the Pearl bearing Muscles were found upon this Shoar which conceive by the Dew they suck in And they are to be found at this day both here and in the Rivers of Cumberland Wiltshire THis County is bounded on the East by Berkshire and Hantshire On the West by Somersetshire On the South by Dorsetshire And on the North by Gloucestershire It containeth in length 52 miles In breadth 38 miles And in Circumference 142 miles This County is seated in a good Climate the Air is both sweet pleasant temperate and wholsom The Soil is fruitful and plentiful the Northern part rises up in delectable Hills furnished with large VVoods and the Valleys with pleasant Rivers namely Isis c. The South part is more level yielding Grass and Corn in abundance The middest of the County is most plain and therefore is called Salisbury Plain The chief Commodities of this Shire are Wool Wood and Sheep It is in the Diocess of Salisbury and hath in it 304 Parishes Out of it are chosen 34 Members which sit in Parliament Knights 2 New Sarum 2 Wilton 2 Downton 2 Hindon 2 Hytesbury 2 Westbury 2 Calne 2 Devizes 2 Chipenham 2 Malmesbury 2 Cricklade 2 Great Bedwyn 2 Ludgersal 2 Old Sarum 2 Wooton Basset 2 Marleborough 2 Its Division is into 29 Hundreds viz. Highworth Malmsbury Kingsbridge Damerham Nor. Chippenham Pottern Calne Selkley Ramsbury Kinwarston Elstube Swanborne Melkesham Bradford Whorwelsdown Westbury Warmister Haresbury Branche Amsbury Vnderditch Alderbury Frustfield Downton Cawden Danworth Dametham Mere Chalke And in these Hundreds are 23 Market-Towns viz. Bradford Monday Sundon Mon. Swindon Mon. Calne Tues Ashburn Tues Wilton Wednes Lavington Wed. Highworth Wed. Hindon Thurs Devizes Thurs Wootton Basset Th. Dunston Friday Anersbury Friday Westbury Friday Mere Marmister Werminster Sat. Tronbridge S. Chipnam S. Marleborough S. Malmesbury S. Creeklad S. Salisbury Tuesday and Saturday The principal Town in this County is the City of Salisbury lying in the Latitude of 51 deg 4 min. It bears from London W. S. W. And is distant therefrom 70 miles Thus From London to New Brainford 8 miles to Stanes 15. to Hartleyrow 31. to Basingstoke 39. to Whitchurch 49. to Andover 55. to Salisbury 70. But by a more accurate admeasurement on the Road it is found to be distant from London 83 miles This City for fair Buildings is inferiour to none and transcends all others for the benefit of Water almost every Street having a River running through the midst thereof The Arms of this City is Azure a Sword and a Key in Saltyre Or On a chief Argent 3 Lozenges Gules The Earls of Wiltshire and Salisbury since the first Constitution William Scroop Earl of Wiltshire Salisbury Samuel Butler Earl of Wiltshire Salisbury John Stafford Earl of Wiltshire Salisbury Henry Stafford Earl of Wiltshire Salisbury Thomas Bullen Earl of Wiltshire Salisbury William Panlet Earl of Wiltshire Salisbury Patrick Fitzwater Earl of Wiltshire Salisbury William Longspey Earl of Wiltshire Salisbury Henry Lacye Earl of Wiltshire Salisbury Tho. E. of Lancaster Earl of Wiltshire Salisbury William Montagule Earl of Wiltshire Salisbury Richard Nevill Earl of Wiltshire Salisbury George D. of Clarence Earl of Wiltshire Salisbury Robert Cecil Earl of Wiltshire Salisbury Things Remarkable in this County The Cathedral Church of Salisbury was begun to be built by Richard Poore Bishop of this See and in 40 years was brought to its perfect Splendor and Beauty It is a most Rich and Magnificent Church and in it are as many VVindows as there are days in the year viz. 365. As many Pillars of Cast Marble as there are hours in the year viz. 8760. As many Gates for Entrance as there are Months in the year viz. 12. In the edge of this Shire between Luckington and great Badminton is a place called the Caves They are upon the top of a rising Hill and about 9 in number Some of them are deeper and some shallower some broader and longer than others and they lie all together in a Row The manner of them is 2 long Stones set upon the sides and broad Stones upon the top to cover them The least of these Caves is 4 foot broad and some of them 9 or 10 foot long These are called by some of the ignorant Inhabitants The Gyants Caves But the more ingenious think them to be the Tombs of some Saxons Heroick Danes or Romans and the more probable for that in a late digging into them they have found Spurs old pieces of Armour c. In this Shire is a small Rill called Devorill which runneth a mile under ground In Ivy Church was found a Corps 12 foot long and a Book of very thick Parchment all written with great Roman Letters but when the Leaves were touched they mouldered to Dust Near the River Kennet in this Shire there breaks out Water in the manner of a suddain Landflood out of certain Stones standing aloft in open Fields which by the common people is accounted a fore-runner of dearth The Stonehenge upon Salisbury Plain is counted the most admirable Rarity this Island affordeth It is in this manner There are in a Pit great Stones standing upright some being 28 foot high and 7 foot broad in 3
Saturd Wisbich Saturd Ely Saturd The Principal Town in this Shire is Cambridg which as Robert de Reymington tells us was made a University in the Reign of King Edward the First but far more ancient if it be true that is said it was built by Cantabar a Spaniard 375 years before the Birth of Christ However This University is situate in the Latitude of 52 deg 12 min. and lies N. by E. from London and is distant therefrom 44 Miles As from London to Waltham 12 Miles to Ware 20. to Puckeridge 25. to Barkway 32. to Cambridge 44 But by a more accurate Admeasurement the distance of Cambridge upon the Road is 52 Miles The University of Cambridge consisteth of these several Colledges and Halls viz. Colledges and Halls Founded by Anno Domini St. Peters-House Hugh de Balsham B. of Ely 1284. Clare-Hall Richard Badow C. of the Uni 1326. Pembrook-Hall Mary St. Paul 1343. Convile and Cajus Edmund de Genn and Cajus 1348. Trinity-Hall Will. Bateman B. of Norwich 1350. Corpus-Christi H. of Monmouth D. of Lancaster 1351. Kings-Colledge K. Henry the VI. 1441. Queens-Colledge Margaret Wife to K. Henry the VI. 1448. Katharine-Hall Robert Wood Lord Chan. of the Uni 1475. Jesus-Colledge John Alcock Ch. of England 1496. Christ's and S. John's Margaret Countess of Richmond 1505. 1508. Magdalen Tho. Andley Chan. of England 1519. Trinity K. Henry the VIII 1546. Emanuel S. Walter Mildmay C. of the Exch. 1582. Sidney Sussex Francis Sidney Chan. of Sussex 1598. The Town of Cambridge is Governed by a Mayor and Aldermen Cambridge-Arms The Field is Gules a Bridge with three Wall-Towers on it Proper In Chief a Flower-de-luce Or between two Roses Argent The Names of the Earls of Cambridge since the first Constitution William Brother to Ranulph E. of Chester John of Benand Uncle to Philip Q. to Edw. III. William Marquess of Juers Edmund of Langley D. of York Edward D. of York Richard E. of Cambridge Richard D. of York James D. Hamlinton Charles Stuart Duke of York Sussex and Sidney Collateral Remarques in this County The Herb called Scordium or Water-Germander groweth very plentifully in the Fens of which the Cordial Diascordium is made Water-Fowl are so plentiful about the Fens that saith Mr. Speed five Men may be well satisfied with that kind of food for less than an half-penny In the Fen-Grounds also when they have mowen their Grass or Lie as they call it which is very rank so much as will serve their turns they do in November set fire on the rest and the season following it comes up again in abundance Cheshire IT is bounded on the East by Darbyshire and Staffordshire On the West by Denbyshire and Flintshire On the South by Shropshire and Denbyshire On the North by Lancashire It containeth in Length 45 Miles In Breadth 32 Miles And in Circumference 145 Miles The Air for temperature and the Soil for fertility is inferior to none and far exceeding the neighbouring Counties although the Climate be cold yet the warmth of the Irish Seas melt the Snow sooner than in other Countries and the Inhabitants are generally long liv'd The chief Commodities are Corn Cattle Sheep Fish Fowl Mil-stones and Cheese plenty and the best in all England It is in the Diocess of Chester and hath in it 85 Parish-Churches and 38 Chappels of Ease And out of this Shire are Elected 4 Members to sit in Parliament Knights 2 Chester 2 It is divided into Seven Hundreds viz. Wicehall Eddesbury Broxton Bucklow Northwich Macclesfield Nantwich And in these 7 Hundreds are 13 Market-Towns Malpas Monday Maxfield Monday Altrincham Tuesday Tarvin Frodsham Wednes Sanbich Thursday Northwich Friday Stopford Friday Nantwich Saturday Middlewich Saturd Congleton Saturday Huntsford Saturday West-Chester Wednesday and Saturday The principal Town in this Shire is the City of Chester lying in the Latitude of 53 deg 16. min. bearing from London North West and distant therefrom 140 Miles thus To Barnet 10 To St. Albans 20 To Dunstable 30 To Brickhil 37 To Stony-Straford 44 To Tocester 50 To Daventry 60 To Coventry 82 To Colesil 90 To Lichfield 102 To Stone 120 To Wich 135 To Chester 150. This City was raised from the Fort of Ostorius Lieutenant of Britain for the Emperor Claudius Over the River Dee is a Stone-Bridge built upon 8 Arches at either end thereof is a Gate and from them Gates issue the Walls of the City in a Quadrangular form high and strongly built In this Wall are 4 Gates 3 Posterns and 7 Watch-Towers On the South part of the City is a stately Castle built in a Circular form and a Court-yard about it enclosed with a circular Wall In the North part is the Minster the Bishop's See This City was incorporated by K. Henry the 7th and is yearly governed by a Maior with Sword and Mace before him 2 Sheriffs 24 Aldermen a Recorder a Town-Clerk and a Sergeant of Peace 4 Sergeants and 6 Yeomen The Arms of the County Palatine of Chester is Azure Three Garbs or Wheatsheaves Or. A Dagger Erect Proper The Arms of the City of Chester is In Pale dexter Gules Three Demy Lyons Guardant Or. The Nobility of this County namely the Earls of Chester since the Norman Conquest Hugh Lupus Richard the Son of Hugh Ranulph Meschines Ranulph Gernones Hugh Cevelioc E. S. Ranulph Blundevil John Scot Earl Things remarkable in this County In the River of Dee is great plenty of Salmon This River upon the fall of much Rain riseth but little but if the South-Wind beat long upon it it swells and overflows the Grounds adjoyning In the lower places of this County on the South-side of Cheshire by the River Wever Trees are oftentimes found by digging under ground which People think have lain hidden there ever since Noah's Flood At Nantwich Northwich and at Middlewich are the famous Salt-Pits of this County It is reported That there are Trees that float in Bagmeer against the death of any of the Heirs of the Breretons and after the Heir is dead they sink and are seen no more till the next occasion Mr. Cambden affirms That the bodies of these Trees swim for certain days together and may be seen of any body And he seconds this Story with another to the like purpose Leonardus Vairus saith he reports That near the Abby of St. Maurice in Burgundy is a Fish-Pond into which are put a number of Fishes equal to the number of Monks of that Place and if any of the Monks happen to be sick there is one of these Fishes seen to float and swim above water as half dead and if the Monk shall die the Fish will also die some few days before In the Parish of Bickley in this County upon the 8th of July 1657. about 3 of the Clock was heard a very great noise like Thunder afar off Upon the hearing whereof two Townsmen going into a Field called the Lay-Field found a very great Bank of Earth which had many tall Oaks
Shafton Dorchester Blanford And in these 5 Divisions are 29 Hundreds viz. White-Church H. Bemister Redohave Tollerford Lowsbarrow Eggardon Vgscomb Sherbourn Yeatminster Buckland Redlane Brownsell Whitway H. Puddletown Winfrith Beere Rushmore Cogdeane Badbury Knowlton Vpwinborn Newton George Rowbarrow Hasler H. Craneborne Culliford Totcomb H. Pimpern And in these Hundreds are 19 Market-Towns Middleton Mon. Pool Mond Thur. Weymouth Melcom Reg. Tu. F. Cerne Abbas Wed. Cranborn Wed. Abbots Bury Thurs Sherbourn Th. Sat. Corse Castle Th. Sturminster Th. Frampton Th. Wimborn Minster Fr. Dorchester Sat. Shaftsbury Sat. Blandford Sat. VVorham Sat. Lime Bird Port Bemyster Everstwit The Chief and most remarkable place in this Shire is Dorchester lying in 50 deg and 35 min. of North Latitude It bears from London S. W. by W. and is distant therefrom 85 miles thus To Basing-stoke 39. to Stockbridge 55. to Dunkton 67. to Cranburn 76. to Blandford 85. to Dorchester 97. but by measure on the Road 112 miles This City is situate on the South-side of Frome and hath formerly been Walled about part of which Wall upon the West and South side yet remaineth Not far from which there remaineth the Tract and Trench almost meeting the River a Fortification of Earth trenched about and mounted above the ordinary plain 150 foot and contains about five Acres of Ground wherein plenty of Corn grows This City is Governed by 2 Bailiffs elected out of 8 Magistrates or Aldermen a Recorder Town-Clerk and 2 Sergeants attending them The Earls and Marquesses of Dorchester since the first constitution are Osmond Earl of Dorset John Beaufort Marquess of Dorchester Thomas Grey Marquess of Dor. Thomas Sackvile Earl of Dor. Things remarkable in this Shire At Pool in this County upon the 20th of June 1653. it is reported that it rained warm Blood In the Haven of Pool the Sea contrary to all other Ports in England Ebbs and Flows four times in 24 hours viz. First at a S. E. and N. W. Moon and the Second time at a S. by E. and a N. by W. Moon In Anno 1582. and 1583. upon the 13th of January at Hermitage in the Vale of White Hart a piece of Ground of 3 Acres removed from its old place and was carried over another Close where Alders and VVillows grew the distance of 40 Rod or Perches stopping up the VVay to Cerne Abbas and yet the Hedges and Trees that enclosed it before enclose it still the Trees growing upright and the place where this Ground was before is left as a great Pit The Portland Men are Excellent good Slingers In the Isles of Purbeck are Veins of Marble running under the Earth The Arms of the City of Dorchester is Gules a Castle Argent in its Front the Arms of England and France Quartered Durham THE BISHOPRICK and CITY THis Bishoprick and City is bounded on the East by the German Ocean On the VVest by Westmorland and Cumberland On the South by Yorkshire And on the North by Northumberland It containeth in length 35 miles In breadth 30 miles And in Circumference 105 miles The Air of this Countrey is sharp and piercing The Soil on the Eastern part of it is Richest the South is Moorish but most inhabited the VVest all Rocky affording neither Grass nor Grain but only it feeds Cattle and is well stored with Coal as the whole Countrey is The Eastern part which I said before was the Richest yieldeth great plenty of Coal and where it hath plenty of Coal it is notwithstanding very fruitful and good Land The Commodities of this Countrey are Coles Lead and Iron It is in the Diocess of Durham and hath in it 118 Parishes Out of it are elected 4 Members for Parliament men Knights 2 Durham 2 The Division of it is not into Hundreds but VVakes which are Four In this Bishoprick are 6 Market-Towns Darlington Monday Barnard Castel Wed. Bishop Ankland Th. Sunderland Friday Durham Saturday Stainthorp The Principal place in the County is the City of Durham lying in the Latitude of 54 deg and 50 min. It bears from London N. by W. and is distant therefrom 200 Miles Thus From London to Waltam Cross 12. to Hodsdon 17. to Ware 20. to Buntingford 27. to Royston 33. to Caxton 42. to Huntington 48. to Stamford 69. to Grantham 85. to Newark 95. to Tuxford 105. to Doncaster 123. to Wentbridge 130. to Tadcaster 142. to York 150. to Borrowbridge 163. to Northallerton 176. to Dorlington 186. to Durham 200. But the same way being measured upon the Road it will be found to contain 262 miles Of this County the Bishops have had the Royalty of Princes and the Inhabitants have pleaded Priviledges in time of War not to pass over the River Tyne The Arms of Durham are Azure a Cross Flooree Or between four Lyons Rampant Argent Remarques in this County In the upper part of the City of Durham William the Conqueror erected a Castle upon a high Hill for her defence which is almost encompassed about with the River Were In the year of our Lord 1346. and in the 20th of Edward the 3d. upon the 20th of October at Nevel's Cross near Durham a Battel was fought betwixt the English and the Scots wherein David Brush K. of Scotland with many of his Nobility were taken Prisoners by Queen Phillip Wife to K. Edw. 3. who was in person present in the Field The Battel was managed by the Lords Moubray Percy and Nevil At Oxenhall near unto Dorlington in this County are three Pits wonderful deep called Hell Kettles They are thought to come of an Earthquake that hapned Anno 1179. For our Chronicles make mention that on Christmas-Day at Oxenhall the ground heaved up aloft like a Tower and so continued all that day till evening and then fell in making a very horrid noise and the Earth swallowed it up and made in the place three great holes Bishop Tunstall of this Diocess took a Goose and marked it and put it into one of these Pits and the same Goose was found afterwards in the River Tees At Batterby near Durham within the River Weer in the Summer time there issues a salt reddish water from the sides of certain Stones at the Ebb and Low water which the Sun calcines to whiteness and growing thick becomes Salt and the Inhabitants thereabouts do use it for Salt Essex THis County is bounded on the East by the German Ocean On the West by Hartfordshire and Middlesex On the South by Kent And on the North by Suffolk It contains in Length 45 miles In Breadth 38 miles And in Circumference 148 miles The Air of this Shire is temperate but down in the Hundreds towards the Sea-side it is very Aguish The Soil for the most part is good and in some parts so fruitful that after 3 years Glebe oâ— Saffron the Land for 18 years more will yield plenty of Barly without any manuring with dung or the like and then bear Saffron again One Acre of this Ground
which is most in the North part of the County will yield 80 or 100 weight of moist Saffron in a year which when dryed will be worth about 20 l. sterling The principal Commodities of this Shire are Cloaths Stuffs Hops Saffron Oysters c. It is in the Diocess of London and hath in it 415 Parishes Out of it are elected 8 Members to sit in Parliament Knights 2 Colechester 2 Harwich 2 Malden 2 Its Division is into 20 Hundreds viz. Vtlisford H. Clavering Waltham Becontre Ongar Dunmow Freshwell Hingkford Whittham Chelmsford Barstable H. Lexden Winstree Thurstable Dengie Rotchford Tendering Havering Harlow Chafford And in these Hundreds are 21 Market-Towns viz. Harwich Tuesd Manytree Tu. Billerakey Tu. Waltham Abby Tu. Braintree Wednes Rumford Wed. Brentwood Th. Epping Th. Fr. Haulsteed Fr. Thaxted Fr. Chelmsford Fr. Colchester Sat. Maldon S. Cogshall S. Walden S. Dunmore S. Hatfield S. Raleighe S. Hornden S. Barkin S. Cheping Onger S. In this County are 5 Castles and as many Havens and two of His Majesties Mannors The Principal place in this County is Colchester lying in the Latitude of 51 deg 58 min. It bears from London N. E. And is distant from it 43 miles Thus From London to Rumford 10. to Burnt-Wood 15. to Chelmsford 2. to Colchester 43. But being measured upon the Road it is distant 50 miles This City of Colchester is situate upon the South side of the River Coln and is walled about raised upon a high Trench of Earth now defaced it hath 6 Gates of entrance and 3 Posterns in the West wall and 9 watch-Towers for defence The City is said to be Built by Collus the Brittish Prince Anno Christi 124. and in it were born Lucius Helena and Constantine the first Christian King Empress and Emperor in the World It is Governed by Two Bailiffs 12 Aldermen all wearing Scarlet a Recorder a Town-Clerk and 4 Sergeants at Mace The Arms of this City of Colchester is Azure a Cross Trunked Argent between 3 Coronets Or. The Earls of Essex since the first Constitution Geffrey Mandevile E. Humphrey Bohun E. Thomas Woodstock E. Henry Bourcheir E. Tho. Cromwell Earl Will. Par E. Walter Euren and Arthur Capell Things remarkable in this County The Place of greatest Antiquity and Note in this County is Camolodunum now Maldon the seat of Cunobelin King of Trinobantes as by his Money therein Minted appears Near Tilbury there are Pits of 12 fathom deep in a Chalky ground The Salt Water about Harwich makes all their Springs Brackish At Barklow grows an Herb called Dane-wort very plentiful that beareth Red Berries the people there say that it sprang from Danes blood Walfleet in this County produceth the best Oysters that come to London In the East part of this Countrey in the time of Richard the 2d huge Teeth were found and not far from the same place in the Reign of Queen Elizabeth extraordinary large Bones were digged up They are thought to have been the Bones and Teeth of some Elephant who had been buried there by some loving Roman who was his Master About the beginning of November 1580. An Army of Mice so over-run the Marshes in Denge Hundred that they eat up the Grass to the very Roots and so poisoned it with their Teeth that a great Murren fell upon the Cattle that grazed there But at length a great number of strange Painted Owls came no man knows whence and devoured the Mice Gloucester-Shire IS bounded on the East by Warwickshire and Oxfordshire On the West by Monmouthshire On the South by Wiltshire and Somersetshire And on the North by Worcestershire It contains in length 60 miles In breadth 26 miles And in Circumference 190 miles The Air is very pleasant and wholsom For the Soil the Hilly part of this Country affords fine Wool which proceeds from a small Sheep long necked and square of Bulk and Bone The lower part is exceeding fruitful and rich in Grain almost of all sorts so that Mr. Cambdes says it returns an hundred for one About Bristol is store of Coals The Northern part abounds in fruit so that the Trees which grow in the very Hedges without grafting do naturally bear not only Fruit but such that for beauty and taste exceeds all other and will keep till a new supply and some sorts will not wither in a whole year Farthermore this Shire hath many Vineyards in it which produce Grapes that make Wine little inferior to that which comes from France The chief Commodities of this Shire are Corn Wool Cloath Steel Timber Sider and Perry It is in the Diocess of Gloucester and hath in it 280 Parishes Out of this Shire are elected 8 Parliament-Men Knights 2 Gloucester 2 Tewkesbury 2 Cirencester 2 Its Division is into 30 Hundreds viz. Cleeve Hundred Tibolston Cheltenham Tewksbury Westminster Slaughter Berkley Grombaldash Langley Swinshed Dirburst Kistage Kings Borton Pockle Church Henbury Thornbury Dudstone H. Blidestoe S. Briovels Westbury Botloe Crothern Rapsaye Whitston Britles Barrow Bradley Longtree Bisteigh Barton Wotton Gloucester And in these Hundreds are 26 Market-Towns viz. Dean Magna Mon. Wickware Mon. Cirencester M. Fr. Panswick Tues Minchinghampton Tu. Horton Tu. Marshfield Tu. Letchlad Tu. Campden W. Bristoh W. Sat. Blackley W. Tedbury W. Gloucester W. Sat. Stow on the Would Th. Cheltenham Thurs Dursley Th. Chipping Sudbury Th. Fair Ford Th. Newent Friday Newham Fr. Stroud Fr. Woottton underedge F Tewksbury Saturday Winchcombe Sat. Leonards Stanley Sat. Thornbury Sa. The Principal Place in this County is the City of Gloucester being in the Latitude of 51 deg 53. min. it bears from London W. by N. and is distant therefrom 81 miles Thus From London to Brainford 8. to Colebrook 15. to Maiden-head 22. to Nettlebed 33. to Abbingdon 45. to Farringdon 55. to Perrors Bridge 69. to Gloucester 81. But the distance upon the Road is 102. This City is seated upon the River Severn about the middle of the Shire it was first built by the Romans It hath formerly been walled about with a strong wall except that part which lyes against the Severn some reliques whereof in many places yet remain visible to witness their strength This City is not great but is wholsomly seated upon a Hillock the Streets every way descending from the Cross It is Governed by a Maior 2 Sheriffs and 12 Aldermen having a Sword and Maces born before them The Arms of the City of Gloucester are Or three Cheavornets Gules The Earls and Dukes of Gloucester since the first Constitution are Robert Fitz Hammon Earl of Gloucester William Mandevile Earl of Gloucester Robert de Millant Earl of Gloucester Richard de Clair Earl of Gloucester Ruff. Monthorner Earl of Gloucester Hugh Spencer Earl of Gloucester Hugh de Audley Earl of Gloucester Tho. of Woodstock Earl of Gloucester Humphrey Dukes of Gloucester Richard Dukes of Gloucester Besides the chief City of Gloucester from whence the County taketh its name we have the fair City