come_v to_o a_o more_o particular_a and_o close_a consideration_n of_o it_o we_o shall_v find_v that_o though_o oxford-shire_n almost_o in_o every_o part_n where_o the_o industry_n of_o the_o husbandman_n have_v any_o thing_n show_v itself_o do_v produce_v corn_n of_o all_o sort_n plentiful_o enough_o yet_o it_o have_v much_o more_o cause_n to_o brag_v of_o its_o meadow_n and_o abundance_n of_o pasture_n wherein_o as_o in_o river_n few_o country_n may_v be_v compare_v perhaps_o none_o prefer_v and_o as_o to_o matter_n of_o fruit_n i_o think_v i_o may_v better_o assert_v of_o it_o what_o giraldus_n do_v of_o ireland_n pascuis_fw-la tamen_fw-la quam_fw-la frugibus_fw-la gramine_fw-la quam_fw-la grano_fw-la faecundior_fw-la comitatus_fw-la than_o groundless_o to_o commend_v it_o overmuch_o 2._o the_o hill_n it_o be_v true_a before_o the_o late_a unhappy_a war_n be_v well_o enough_o as_o he_o say_v beset_v with_o wood_n where_o now_o it_o be_v so_o scarcy_o that_o it_o be_v a_o common_a thing_n to_o sell_v it_o by_o weight_n and_o not_o only_o at_o oxford_n but_o at_o many_o other_o place_n in_o the_o northern_a part_n of_o the_o shire_n where_o if_o bring_v to_o mercat_n it_o be_v ordinary_o sell_v for_o about_o one_o shilling_n the_o hundred_o but_o if_o remote_a from_o a_o great_a town_n it_o may_v be_v have_v for_o seven_o penny_n and_o thus_o it_o be_v every_o where_o but_o in_o the_o chiltern_n country_n which_o remain_v to_o this_o day_n a_o woody_a tract_n and_o be_v as_o i_o have_v very_o good_a ground_n to_o think_v some_o of_o the_o western_a part_n of_o the_o great_a forest_n andredesƿald_n or_o andredeslege_n reach_v say_v leland_n limenus_n leland_n lelandi_fw-la comment_n in_o cyg_n cant._n in_o verbo_fw-la limenus_n from_o beside_o portus_n limenus_n in_o kent_n a_o 120_o mile_n westward_o which_o happy_o fall_v out_o to_o be_v about_o this_o place_n to_o which_o have_v caesar_n ever_o arrive_v he_o have_v never_o sure_o leave_v we_o such_o a_o account_n as_o we_o find_v in_o his_o commentary_n concern_v our_o wood_n materia_fw-la say_v he_o cujusque_fw-la generis_fw-la ut_fw-la in_o gallia_n praeter_fw-la abietem_fw-la &_o fagum_fw-la initium_fw-la fagum_fw-la de_fw-fr bello_fw-la gallico_n lib._n 5._o sub_fw-la initium_fw-la i._n e._n that_o there_o be_v here_o all_o manner_n of_o wood_n as_o in_o france_n except_o the_o fir_n and_o beech_n of_o the_o last_o whereof_o there_o be_v such_o plenty_n in_o the_o chiltern_n that_o they_o have_v now_o thereabout_a scarce_o any_o thing_n else_o but_o it_o lie_v so_o far_o from_o oxford_n and_o so_o near_o the_o river_n side_n which_o easy_o convey_v it_o to_o london_n mercat_n that_o it_o be_v scarce_o beneficial_a to_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o county_n 3._o as_o to_o the_o qualification_n of_o the_o soil_n in_o respect_n of_o corn_n i_o find_v they_o in_o goodness_n to_o differ_v much_o and_o not_o only_o according_a to_o their_o several_a composition_n be_v in_o some_o place_n black_a or_o red_a earth_n in_o other_o a_o clay_n or_o chalky_a ground_n some_o mix_v of_o earth_n and_o sand_n clay_n and_o sand_n gravel_n and_o clay_n etc._n etc._n but_o chief_o according_a to_o the_o depth_n of_o the_o mould_n or_o uppermost_a coat_n of_o the_o earth_n and_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o ground_n next_o immediate_o under_o it_o for_o let_v the_o uppermost_a mould_n be_v never_o so_o rich_a if_o it_o have_v not_o some_o depth_n or_o such_o a_o ground_n just_a underneath_o it_o as_o will_v permit_v all_o superfluous_a moisture_n to_o descend_v and_o admit_v also_o the_o hot_a and_o comfortable_a steam_n to_o ascend_v it_o will_v not_o be_v so_o fertile_a as_o a_o much_o lean_a soil_n that_o enjoy_v these_o condition_n 4._o thus_o have_v i_o oftentime_o see_v in_o this_o county_n in_o all_o appearance_n a_o very_a good_a soil_n and_o such_o indeed_o as_o will_v otherwise_o have_v be_v real_o so_o less_o fertile_a because_o of_o its_o shallowness_n and_o a_o cold_a stiff_a clay_n or_o close_a freestone_n next_o underneath_a it_o than_o a_o much_o poor_a land_n of_o some_o considerable_a depth_n and_o lie_v over_o a_o sand_n or_o gravel_n through_o which_o all_o superfluous_a moisture_n may_v descend_v and_o not_o stand_v as_o upon_o clay_n or_o stone_n to_o chill_a the_o root_n and_o make_v the_o corn_n languish_v 5._o where_o by_o the_o way_n let_v it_o be_v note_v that_o i_o say_v a_o cold_a stiff_a clay_n or_o close_a freestone_n for_o if_o there_o be_v under_o a_o shallow_a mould_n a_o clay_n that_o be_v mix_v as_o it_o be_v common_a in_o the_o blue_a one_o of_o this_o county_n either_o with_o pyrite_n aureus_fw-la or_o brass_n lump_n or_o the_o stone_n be_v of_o the_o warm_a calcarious_a kind_n it_o may_v nevertheless_o be_v fruitful_a in_o corn_n because_o these_o i_o suppose_v do_v warm_a the_o ground_n and_o give_v so_o much_o strength_n that_o they_o large_o recompense_v what_o be_v want_v in_o depth_n 6._o more_o possible_o may_v have_v be_v add_v to_o this_o general_a account_n of_o earth_n and_o not_o a_o little_a instructive_a to_o the_o farmer_n of_o the_o country_n but_o i_o find_v most_o of_o they_o froward_a and_o to_o slight_v my_o quaere_n let_v they_o therefore_o thank_v themselves_o if_o i_o be_o not_o so_o oblige_v beside_o it_o seem_v a_o business_n a_o little_a beside_o my_o design_n therefore_o in_o have_v i_o proceed_v to_o a_o more_o particular_a consideration_n of_o earth_n as_o before_o of_o water_n hold_v some_o spirit_n bitumen_n or_o concrete_a juice_n and_o as_o they_o be_v useful_a in_o trade_n or_o be_v otherwise_o necessary_a convenient_a or_o ornamental_a 7._o but_o herein_o i_o shall_v not_o show_v myself_o either_o so_o angry_a or_o ignorant_a or_o so_o much_o either_o disrespect_n my_o subject_n or_o the_o civility_n of_o the_o gentry_n for_o the_o sake_n of_o the_o clown_n as_o not_o in_o the_o next_o place_n to_o treat_v of_o such_o earth_n who_o most_o eminent_a use_n relate_v to_o husbandry_n since_o they_o also_o hold_v some_o concrete_a juice_n whereby_o they_o become_v improvement_n of_o such_o poor_a barren_a land_n and_o be_v therefore_o very_o suitable_a to_o my_o present_a purpose_n 8._o the_o best_a of_o these_o we_o call_v common_o marl_n whereof_o though_o it_o be_v believe_v there_o be_v none_o in_o oxford-shire_n yet_o i_o meet_v with_o no_o less_o than_o three_o several_a sort_n and_o in_o quantity_n sufficient_a enough_o for_o use_v the_o british_a marl_n be_v very_o famous_a of_o old_a whereof_o pliny_n 7._o pliny_n plin._n nat._n hist_o lib._n 17._o cap._n 6_o 7._o number_n several_a sort_n and_o of_o principal_a note_n be_v the_o leucargillae_fw-la whereby_o he_o say_v britan_n be_v great_o enrich_v and_o of_o this_o kind_n that_o i_o guess_v may_v be_v one_o late_o discover_v by_o the_o much_o honour_a and_o my_o true_o noble_a friend_n thomas_n stonor_n esq_n of_o watlington-park_n of_o which_o he_o already_o have_v have_v good_a experience_n of_o colour_n it_o be_v whitish_a a_o little_a incline_n to_o yellow_a not_o very_o fat_a and_o of_o so_o easy_a dissolution_n that_o it_o may_v be_v lay_v on_o the_o ground_n at_o any_o time_n of_o the_o year_n and_o may_v be_v as_o good_a i_o suppose_v for_o pasture_n as_o arable_a this_o he_o find_v at_o a_o place_n near_o blunds-court_n but_o i_o think_v within_o the_o parish_n of_o shiplake_n where_o upon_o another_o account_n sink_v a_o deep_a pit_n among_o other_o matter_n he_o meet_v with_o this_o marl_n 9_o since_o that_o there_o have_v late_o be_v another_o discover_v by_o that_o eminent_a virtuoso_fw-la sir_n thomas_n pennyston_n in_o his_o own_o ground_n in_o the_o parish_n of_o cornwell_n about_o a_o quarter_n of_o a_o mile_n northwest_n of_o his_o house_n of_o a_o blue_a colour_n and_o so_o abstersive_a that_o it_o will_v ready_o enough_o take_v spot_n out_o of_o clothes_n and_o give_v its_o owner_n some_o ground_n to_o hope_n that_o possible_o it_o may_v be_v fit_a for_o the_o fuller_n use_n but_o he_o quick_o upon_o trial_n discover_v a_o incurable_a fault_n that_o the_o man_n of_o that_o trade_n will_v never_o pardon_v however_o i_o take_v it_o to_o be_v so_o rich_a a_o marl_n that_o it_o may_v ample_o recompense_v the_o industry_n of_o its_o master_n if_o lay_v on_o its_o neighbour_a barren_a hill_n which_o i_o advise_v may_v be_v do_v about_o the_o begin_n of_o winter_n that_o the_o frost_n and_o rain_n may_v the_o better_o separate_v its_o part_n and_o fit_v it_o to_o incorporate_v with_o that_o hungry_a soil_n 10._o which_o condition_n i_o suppose_v may_v not_o at_o all_o be_v require_v in_o the_o manure_n of_o a_o light_n and_o hollow_a sort_n of_o marle_n late_o find_v by_o the_o worshipful_a and_o industrious_a improver_n george_n pudsey_n esq_n of_o elsfield_n for_o in_o water_n it_o dissolve_v almost_o as_o soon_o as_o fuller_n earth_n
part_n just_a over_o they_o will_v bear_v the_o very_a length_n and_o shape_n in_o gross_a of_o the_o tree_n whence_o they_o have_v be_v instruct_v to_o find_v and_o take_v up_o hundred_o of_o oak_n or_o by_o the_o direction_n of_o the_o dew_n in_o summer_n it_o be_v observe_v in_o cumberland_n cumberland_n cumberland_n britannia_fw-la baconica_n in_o cumberland_n that_o the_o dew_n never_o stand_v on_o any_o of_o the_o ground_n under_o which_o such_o tree_n lie_v though_o possible_o too_o on_o the_o other_o side_n we_o may_v have_v no_o such_o indication_n here_o in_o firm_a ground_n they_o be_v hitherto_o observe_v only_o in_o moor_n and_o moss_n 59_o but_o as_o for_o the_o timber_n at_o blund_n court_n as_o it_o be_v find_v so_o it_o require_v a_o deep_a research_n it_o be_v very_o unlikely_a they_o shall_v dig_v so_o low_a upon_o the_o same_o score_n as_o at_o binfield_n since_o timber_n may_v have_v be_v bury_v on_o far_o easy_a term_n as_o former_o in_o kent_n much_o less_o can_v it_o be_v admit_v it_o shall_v be_v swallow_v by_o a_o earthquake_n or_o as_o the_o vulgar_a will_n needs_o have_v it_o thus_o cover_v with_o earth_n by_o the_o violence_n of_o a_o flood_n and_o particular_o by_o that_o in_o the_o day_n of_o noah_n for_o in_o either_o of_o those_o case_n we_o shall_v have_v find_v each_o tree_n with_o root_n as_o well_o as_o branch_n whereas_o these_o be_v plain_o hew_v off_o at_o the_o kerf_n as_o be_v use_v in_o fell_v timber_n the_o mark_n of_o the_o axe_n still_o remain_v upon_o they_o 60._o beside_o the_o several_a other_o thing_n find_v in_o company_n of_o these_o tree_n seem_v to_o give_v testimony_n of_o some_o other_o matter_n the_o first_o and_o chief_a whereof_o be_v that_o bluish_a kind_n of_o substance_n which_o i_o be_o strong_o persuade_v be_v caeruleum_fw-la nativum_fw-la and_o the_o rather_o because_o find_v in_o a_o ash-coloured_a earth_n the_o true_a cyprian_a caeruleum_fw-la or_o vltramarine_n as_o be_v testify_v by_o rulandus_n be_v find_v in_o terra_fw-la cinereâ_fw-la and_o the_o caeruleum_fw-la patavinum_n in_o glebis_fw-la subcinereis_n alchemiae_n subcinereis_n mart._n ruland_n lexic_fw-la alchemiae_n with_o who_o agree_v kentmannus_fw-la as_o cite_v above_o chap._n 3._o §_o 18._o and_o if_o true_a caeruleum_fw-la we_o have_v reason_n to_o suspect_v a_o mine_n underneath_o for_o then_o say_v aldrovandus_n be_v caeruleum_fw-la produce_v when_o some_o saline_a acid_a humour_n such_o as_o the_o vitriol_n that_o die_v the_o tree_n black_a corrode_v some_o metallic_a matter_n or_o other_o 8._o other_o musaeum_fw-la metallicum_fw-la lib._n 3._o cap._n 8._o which_o sometime_o be_v copper_n and_o sometime_o gold_n as_o encelius_n witness_v it_o be_v at_o lauterberg_n and_o goldeberg_n in_o silesia_n in_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr re_fw-mi metallica_fw-la 22._o metallica_fw-la encel._n de_fw-fr re_fw-mi metallica_fw-la cap._n 22._o where_o he_o also_o further_o add_v that_o gold_n be_v smelted_a out_o of_o caeruleum_fw-la itself_o 61._o dr._n brown_a also_o tell_v we_o in_o the_o account_n of_o his_o journey_n from_o comara_n to_o the_o mine-town_n in_o hungary_n 94._o hungary_n account_v of_o his_o travel_n p._n 93_o 94._o that_o at_o schemnitz_n where_o the_o silver_n over_o hold_v some_o gold_n and_o at_o the_o silver_n mine_n in_o peru_n there_o be_v rock_n cover_v over_o with_o a_o fair_a shine_a blue_a rulandus_n alchemiae_n rulandus_n mart_n rulandi_fw-la lexicon_fw-la alchemiae_n also_o join_v it_o with_o a_o silver_n over_o at_o gieshubelia_n and_o so_o do_v pliny_n 12._o pliny_n nat._n hist._n lib._n 33._o cap._n 12._o what_o then_o shall_v hinder_v but_o it_o may_v be_v so_o here_o since_o i_o do_v not_o doubt_v it_o to_o be_v the_o steam_n of_o a_o mineral_n for_o when_o i_o be_v at_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o pit_n above_o 50_o foot_n deep_a notwithstanding_o the_o openness_n of_o the_o pit_n and_o coolness_n of_o the_o day_n no_o sun_n appear_v i_o find_v it_o so_o hot_a that_o the_o drop_n follow_v one_o another_o on_o my_o face_n whence_o i_o judge_v the_o mine-chamber_n not_o to_o be_v far_o off_o 62._o which_o i_o rather_o guess_v to_o be_v of_o silver_n than_o of_o any_o other_o metal_n because_o of_o the_o alabastrine_n or_o spar-like_a substance_n find_v mix_v with_o it_o which_o say_v mr._n webster_n be_v in_o some_o place_n intermix_v also_o in_o the_o best_a silvermine_a ever_o yet_o find_v in_o england_n the_o ore_n whereof_o hold_v about_o sixty_o six_o pound_n per_fw-la tun_n 13._o tun_n history_n of_o metal_n cap._n 13._o from_o all_o which_o it_o may_v be_v conclude_v that_o it_o be_v probable_a at_o least_o that_o here_o may_v have_v be_v former_o such_o a_o mine_n stop_v up_o as_o i_o first_o think_v by_o the_o aboriginal_a britan_n upon_o the_o arrival_n and_o conquest_n of_o the_o roman_n or_o saxon_n who_o not_o be_v able_a to_o recover_v their_o country_n within_o the_o memory_n of_o man_n it_o may_v be_v lose_v like_o the_o gold-mine_n of_o glass-hitten_a in_o hungary_n when_o bethlem_n gabor_n overran_a that_o country_n hungary_n country_n dr._n brown_n travel_n into_o hungary_n or_o the_o gold-mine_n of_o cunobeline_n in_o essex_n discover_v again_o temp_n hen._n 4._o as_o appear_v by_o the_o king_n letter_n of_o mandamus_fw-la bear_v date_n 11_o may_n an._n 2._o rot._n 34._o direct_v to_o walter_n fitz-walter_n concern_v it_o 13._o it_o sir_n john_n pettus_n his_o fodinae_fw-la regal_a cap._n 9_o &_o 13._o and_o since_o that_o lose_v again_o 63._o till_o at_o length_n they_o find_v the_o urn_n and_o than_o it_o be_v plain_a and_o evident_a that_o it_o must_v have_v be_v former_o some_o roman_a work_n and_o probable_o still_o remain_v some_o old_a roman_a mine_n in_o all_o likelihood_n stop_v up_o when_o gallio_n of_o ravenna_n send_v hither_o with_o a_o legion_n the_o last_o that_o ever_o be_v in_o britan_n to_o repel_v the_o pict_n and_o scot_n be_v final_o recall_v by_o valentinian_n the_o three_o to_o assist_v aetius_n in_o gallia_n against_o the_o inroad_n of_o the_o franc_n under_o clodion_n and_o to_o support_v his_o then_o totter_a and_o quick_o after_o ruin_v western_a empire_n at_o what_o time_n say_v mr._n speed_n 54._o speed_n history_n of_o britan._n lib._n 6._o cap._n 54._o but_o he_o quote_v not_o his_o author_n they_o bury_v also_o their_o treasure_n whereof_o we_o have_v find_v parcel_n in_o all_o age_n ever_o since_o 64._o and_o this_o it_o be_v likely_a they_o may_v do_v first_o by_o throw_v in_o tree_n which_o not_o lie_v close_o enough_o immediate_o to_o support_v the_o earth_n be_v after_o cover_v with_o hasel_n when_o the_o nut_n be_v full_o ripe_a which_o have_v occasion_v their_o endurance_n to_o this_o very_a day_n on_o which_o they_o heap_v earth_n which_o after_o some_o time_n sink_v below_o the_o surface_n of_o the_o other_o ground_n may_v occasion_v this_o pond_n never_o think_v to_o have_v be_v any_o other_o till_o the_o time_n abovementioned_a 65._o after_o the_o accident_n of_o oak_n come_v we_o next_o to_o those_o of_o elm_n whereof_o there_o stand_v one_o on_o binsey-common_a at_o the_o spur_n next_o the_o ground_n at_o least_o 6_o yard_n diameter_n occasion_v here_o as_o i_o suppose_v at_o many_o other_o place_n by_o erect_v a_o turf_n seat_n round_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o tree_n it_o be_v elsewhere_o but_o of_o ordinary_a dimension_n but_o this_o be_v not_o so_o extravagant_a in_o the_o excess_n of_o the_o growth_n of_o its_o trunk_n near_o the_o ground_n but_o there_o be_v another_o more_o strange_a for_o a_o defect_n in_o that_o place_n viz._n a_o great_a old_a elm_n grow_v near_o the_o north-east_n corner_n of_o the_o bowling-green_n in_o magdalene_n college_n grove_n disbark_v quite_o round_o at_o most_o place_n two_o foot_n at_o some_o at_o least_o a_o yard_n or_o four_o foot_n from_o the_o ground_n which_o yet_o for_o these_o many_o year_n past_a have_v flourish_v as_o well_o as_o any_o tree_n in_o the_o grove_n 66._o now_o how_o this_o shall_v come_v to_o pass_v all_o tree_n be_v believe_v to_o receive_v their_o nourishment_n between_o the_o wood_n and_o bark_n and_o present_o to_o die_v upon_o their_o separation_n many_o have_v admire_v but_o few_o attempt_v to_o explain_v be_v further_o discourage_v by_o the_o absence_n of_o the_o pith_n the_o tree_n be_v within_o as_o hollow_a as_o a_o drum_n and_o its_o outmost_a surface_n where_o unbark_v dead_a and_o dry_a beside_o all_o which_o i_o think_v have_v not_o startle_v i_o much_o but_o that_o i_o find_v it_o in_o our_o transaction_n 43._o transaction_n philosoph_n transact_v numb_a 43._o positive_o assert_v that_o if_o any_o circle_n be_v draw_v round_o any_o common_a english_a tree_n only_a ash_n except_v as_o oak_n elm_n poplar_n etc._n etc._n by_o incision_n to_o the_o timber_n how_o thin_a soever_o the_o knife_n be_v so_o that_o no_o part_n of_o the_o
or_o perhaps_o better_o than_o that_o at_o clifton_n for_o cuticular_a disease_n of_o man_n and_o beast_n some_o whereof_o i_o have_v know_v carry_v out_o of_o these_o inland_a country_n to_o the_o sea_n side_n whereas_o it_o be_v likely_a they_o may_v in_o all_o the_o distremper_n for_o which_o we_o have_v recourse_n thither_o with_o much_o more_o ease_n have_v have_v a_o remedy_n at_o home_n 44._o but_o far_o more_o profitable_a must_v they_o sure_o be_v if_o employ_v to_o improve_v poor_a and_o barren_a land_n which_o no_o question_n may_v be_v do_v by_o cast_v they_o on_o it_o in_o cheshire_n 104._o cheshire_n sir_n hugh_z plat_n jewelhouse_n of_o art_n and_o nature_n cap._n 104._o near_o the_o salt-pit_n of_o nantwich_n it_o be_v yearly_o practise_v thus_o to_o brine_n their_o field_n which_o though_o never_o do_v but_o after_o the_o fall_n of_o great_a store_n of_o rain-water_n into_o their_o pit_n which_o before_o they_o can_v work_v again_o must_v be_v get_v out_o and_o with_o it_o some_o quantity_n of_o their_o brine_n too_o yet_o even_o with_o these_o but_o brackish_a water_n do_v they_o so_o season_v their_o adjoin_a land_n that_o they_o receive_v a_o much_o more_o profitable_a return_n than_o they_o can_v have_v do_v from_o any_o soil_n or_o dung_n 45._o in_o cornwall_n and_o devonshire_n so_o considerable_a be_v their_o improvement_n by_o sea-sand_n that_o it_o be_v carry_v to_o all_o part_n as_o far_o as_o they_o have_v the_o advantage_n of_o the_o water_n and_o afterward_o 10_o or_o 12_o mile_n up_o high_o into_o the_o country_n on_o horse_n back_n at_o which_o i_o must_v confess_v i_o marvel_v not_o at_o all_o since_o we_o be_v inform_v by_o a_o intelligent_a gentleman_n of_o those_o part_n 113._o part_n philosoph_n transact_v num._n 113._o that_o wherever_o this_o sand_n be_v use_v the_o seed_n be_v much_o and_o the_o straw_n little_a i_o have_v see_v say_v he_o in_o such_o a_o place_n good_a barley_n where_o the_o ear_n have_v be_v equal_a in_o length_n with_o the_o stalk_n it_o grow_v on_o and_o after_o the_o corn_n be_v off_o that_o the_o grass_n in_o such_o place_n turn_v to_o clover_n some_o of_o the_o best_a of_o this_o sand_n he_o say_v lie_v under_o ouse_n or_o mud_n about_o a_o foot_n deep_a and_o who_o know_v but_o there_o may_v be_v such_o a_o sand_n under_o the_o briny_a bog_n near_o church-hill-mill_n or_o at_o chadlington_n i_o be_o sure_a the_o salt_n spring_n at_o clifton_n come_v from_o a_o sand_n if_o so_o and_o the_o farmer_n thereabouts_o get_v such_o corn_n and_o clover-grass_n i_o hope_v i_o shall_v not_o want_v the_o thanks_o of_o the_o country_n 46._o however_o i_o do_v not_o doubt_v but_o the_o water_n will_v serviceable_a either_o to_o cast_v on_o their_o land_n as_o at_o nantwich_n or_o to_o steep_v their_o corn_n in_o before_o they_o sow_v it_o to_o preserve_v it_o from_o all_o the_o inconvenience_n former_o prevent_v by_o brine_a and_o lime_v it_o and_o to_o strengthen_v it_o in_o its_o growth_n 47._o sir_n hugh_n plat_v citato_fw-la plat_v id._n loco_fw-la citato_fw-la tell_v we_o of_o a_o poor_a countryman_n who_o pass_v over_o a_o arm_n of_o the_o sea_n with_o his_o seed-corn_n in_o a_o sack_n by_o mischance_n at_o his_o land_n fall_v into_o the_o water_n and_o so_o his_o corn_n be_v leave_v there_o till_o the_o next_o ebb_n become_v somewhat_o brackish_a yet_o such_o be_v the_o necessity_n of_o the_o man_n that_o notwithstanding_o he_o be_v out_o of_o all_o hope_n of_o any_o good_a success_n yet_o not_o be_v able_a to_o buy_v any_o other_o he_o sow_v the_o same_o upon_o he_o plough_v ground_n and_o in_o fine_a when_o the_o harvest_n time_n come_v about_o he_o reap_v a_o crop_n of_o goodly_a wheat_n such_o as_o in_o that_o year_n not_o any_o of_o his_o neighbour_n have_v the_o like_a 48._o now_o let_v the_o owner_n or_o farmer_n of_o these_o spring_n fit_v down_o and_o consider_v of_o what_o have_v be_v say_v and_o if_o they_o shall_v think_v fit_a make_v trial_n of_o they_o wherein_z if_o they_o meet_v with_o success_n i_o only_o beg_v of_o they_o which_o i_o shall_v glad_o accept_v as_o the_o guerdon_n of_o my_o labour_n that_o they_o will_v be_v as_o free_v of_o it_o to_o their_o poor_a neighbour_n that_o have_v lean_a ground_n and_o ill_a pennyworth_n as_o god_n have_v be_v to_o they_o by_o i_o his_o weak_a instrument_n in_o the_o discovery_n 49._o have_v speak_v of_o such_o water_n as_o cure_v faulty_a ground_n and_o cuticular_a distemper_n by_o external_a application_n it_o follow_v that_o we_o treat_v of_o such_o as_o be_v or_o may_v be_v take_v inward_o and_o deserve_v the_o repute_n of_o medicinal_a water_n the_o first_o and_o perchance_o the_o best_a of_o these_o i_o find_v at_o deddington_n a_o small_a mercat_n town_n within_o the_o close_a of_o one_o mr._n lane_n where_o not_o long_o since_o dig_v a_o well_o and_o pass_v through_o a_o blue_a clay_n adorn_v with_o some_o glitter_a spark_n and_o meet_v by_o the_o way_n with_o pyrite_n argenteus_fw-la and_o a_o bed_n of_o belemnite_n or_o as_o they_o call_v they_o thunderbolt_n he_o come_v within_o few_o yard_n to_o this_o water_n of_o a_o strong_a sulphureous_a smell_n the_o most_o like_a of_o any_o thing_n i_o can_v think_v of_o to_o the_o water_n that_o have_v be_v use_v in_o the_o scour_n a_o foul_a gun_n in_o weight_n light_a than_o pure_a spring-water_n by_o a_o â„¥_o be_v in_o a_o quart_n and_o yet_o after_o several_a trial_n i_o find_v it_o so_o high_o impregnate_v with_o a_o vitrioline_a salt_n as_o well_o as_o sulphur_n that_o two_o grain_n of_o the_o powder_n of_o gall_n will_v turn_v a_o gallon_n of_o water_n into_o a_o dusky_a red_a incline_v to_o purple_a nor_o do_v they_o only_o so_o alter_v the_o site_n and_o position_n of_o the_o particle_n as_o to_o give_v a_o different_a colour_n and_o consistence_n as_o it_o happen_v in_o water_n but_o mean_o sate_v but_o in_o a_o quarter_n of_o a_o hour_n do_v so_o condense_a and_o constipate_v the_o pore_n of_o the_o watery_a vehicle_n that_o the_o exclude_v particle_n of_o the_o mineral_n appear_v in_o a_o separate_a state_n curdle_v in_o the_o vessel_n and_o of_o so_o weighty_a a_o substance_n that_o they_o subside_v to_o the_o bottom_n in_o a_o dark_a blue_a colour_n 50._o the_o sediment_n be_v great_a in_o quantity_n i_o try_v upon_o red_a hot_a iron_n and_o some_o other_o way_n to_o see_v whether_o the_o salt_n or_o sulphur_n either_o by_o colour_n scintillation_n or_o odour_n may_v not_o by_o that_o mean_n betray_v themselves_o but_o with_o small_a success_n whereupon_o i_o betake_v i_o to_o distillation_n put_v about_o a_o quart_n into_o a_o glass_n body_n to_o which_o fit_v a_o head_n and_o clean_a receiver_n i_o give_v a_o easy_a heat_n till_o there_o be_v distil_v off_o about_o three_o or_o four_o ounce_n which_o when_o pour_v out_o i_o find_v have_v neither_o smell_n taste_n or_o any_o other_o property_n that_o may_v distinguish_v it_o from_o any_o other_o spring_n water_n distil_v for_o with_o gall_v it_o will_v make_v no_o more_o alteration_n than_o any_o other_o simple_a common_a water_n will_v then_o order_v the_o fire_n to_o be_v slacken_v to_o see_v what_o precipitate_v it_o will_v let_v fall_n upon_o filtration_n of_o what_o remain_v in_o the_o body_n i_o procure_v only_o a_o pale_a calx_fw-la of_o a_o gritty_a substance_n show_v as_o it_o dry_v in_o the_o sun_n many_o transparent_a particle_n intermix_v in_o taste_v it_o have_v a_o faint_a pleasant_a pierce_a with_o a_o gentle_a warmth_n diffuse_v on_o the_o tongue_n but_o pour_v on_o it_o spirit_n of_o vitriol_n oil_n of_o tartar_n etc._n etc._n i_o can_v not_o perceive_v any_o manifest_a ebullition_n so_o as_o to_o judge_v whether_o the_o salt_n contain_v in_o this_o residence_n be_v either_o of_o the_o acid_n or_o lixiviate_v kind_a 51._o wherefore_o to_o come_v close_o to_o the_o point_n and_o take_v direction_n from_o that_o accurate_a severe_a and_o profound_a philosopher_n the_o honourable_a robert_n boyle_n esq_n the_o glory_n of_o his_o nation_n and_o pride_n of_o his_o family_n and_o to_o who_o most_o signal_n encouragement_n of_o the_o design_n in_o hand_n these_o paper_n in_o great_a part_n owe_v their_o birth_n i_o take_v good_a syrup_n of_o violet_n impregnate_v with_o the_o tincture_n of_o the_o flower_n and_o drop_v some_o of_o it_o into_o a_o glass_n of_o this_o water_n as_o it_o come_v from_o the_o well_o whereupon_o quite_o contrary_a to_o my_o expectation_n not_o only_o the_o syrup_n but_o the_o whole_a body_n of_o the_o water_n turn_v not_o of_o a_o red_a but_o a_o brisk_a green_a colour_n the_o index_n of_o a_o lixiviate_v and_o not_o that_o acid_a vitriol_n which_o i_o before_o have_v conclude_v on_o from_o the_o infusion_n of_o gall_n
and_o turn_v milk_n i_o find_v at_o bould_n in_o the_o parish_n of_o idbury_n in_o part_n of_o the_o possession_n of_o one_o mr_n loggan_n a_o worthy_a gentleman_n who_o assistance_n in_o the_o trial_n of_o this_o water_n and_o furtherance_n in_o my_o other_o business_n i_o can_v without_o ingratitude_n ever_o forget_v which_o differ_v from_o the_o former_a only_o in_o this_o that_o beside_o its_o ting_a red_a with_o powder_n of_o gall_n with_o spirit_n of_o urinal_n it_o turn_v white_a which_o as_o i_o have_v observe_v before_o at_o banbury_n that_o will_v not_o do_v whence_o i_o have_v ground_n to_o suspect_v that_o over_o and_o beside_o the_o ingredient_n of_o that_o here_o must_v in_o all_o likelihood_n be_v something_o of_o alum_n and_o in_o this_o opinion_n i_o be_o the_o more_o confirm_v since_o i_o be_o inform_v by_o the_o controversy_n between_o dr_n witty_a and_o mr_n sympson_n that_o vitriol_n and_o alum_n be_v sometime_o find_v together_o as_o in_o the_o cliff_n near_o the_o scarborow_n spa_n and_o that_o in_o sweden_n 9_o sweden_n philosoph_n transact_v num._n 21._o vid._n olai_n wormii_n musaeum_fw-la de_fw-la eodem_fw-la cap._n 9_o there_o be_v a_o single_a stone_n of_o a_o yellow_a colour_n intermix_v with_o streak_n of_o white_a and_o very_o weighty_a that_o afford_v sulphur_n vitriol_n alum_n and_o minium_n now_o that_o such_o a_o stone_n be_v here_o though_o i_o dare_v not_o assert_v yet_o questionless_a there_o may_v be_v something_o not_o so_o altogether_o unlike_a but_o whenever_o there_o be_v occasion_n of_o dig_v thereabout_a again_o the_o stone_n and_o earth_n may_v deserve_v examination_n 217._o examination_n at_o snowdown-hill_n in_o carnarvan-shire_n there_o be_v also_o such_o stone_n dr._n merret_n pinax_fw-la rerum_fw-la nat._n p._n 217._o 59_o i_o shall_v next_o have_v proceed_v to_o the_o water_n impregnate_v with_o vitriol_n only_o but_o that_o i_o be_o call_v back_o to_o deddington_n again_o by_o another_o water_n of_o a_o fetid_v odour_n in_o stench_n much_o exceed_v all_o beforementioned_a this_o i_o meet_v with_o in_o a_o small_a close_a behind_o a_o barn_n within_o a_o furlong_n or_o less_o of_o that_o at_o mr._n lane_n have_v the_o house_n where_o the_o dutchy-court_n be_v keep_v to_o the_o east_n and_o the_o guild_n west_n and_o belong_v to_o ch._n ch._n coll._n in_o oxon_n in_o smell_n so_o perfect_o resemble_v that_o of_o rot_a egg_n and_o according_o so_o strong_o affect_v the_o sense_n that_o i_o can_v not_o so_o much_o as_o put_v it_o to_o my_o mouth_n without_o danger_n at_o least_o of_o strain_v to_o vomit_v such_o a_o one_o as_o this_o be_v mention_v by_o georgius_n agricola_n terra_fw-la agricola_n lib._n de_fw-fr natura_fw-la eorum_fw-la quoe_fw-la effluunt_fw-la ex_fw-la terra_fw-la at_o the_o castle_n of_o steurewald_n in_o the_o bishopric_n of_o hildesheim_n within_o a_o mile_n of_o hasda_n where_o say_v he_o there_o be_v another_o spring_n that_o send_v forth_o a_o stink_n qualis_fw-la est_fw-la pulveris_fw-la bombardae_fw-la exstincti_fw-la a_o description_n so_o agreeable_a also_o to_o our_o sulphur_n well_o at_o deddington_n that_o as_o i_o can_v not_o at_o first_o but_o wonder_n that_o two_o such_o water_n shall_v be_v find_v at_o place_n so_o far_o asunder_o so_o strange_o alike_o so_o it_o give_v i_o a_o hint_n that_o these_o water_n in_o all_o probability_n may_v receive_v their_o tincture_n from_o the_o same_o mineral_n and_o that_o their_o difference_n may_v only_o lie_v in_o the_o distance_n they_o have_v from_o the_o mineral_n bed_n or_o more_o colander_v the_o one_o may_v pass_v through_o than_o the_o other_o agricola_n observe_v that_o the_o water_n at_o steurewald_n smell_v like_o we_o much_o like_o rot_a egg_n not_o only_o come_v forth_o of_o a_o marble_n quarry_n but_o that_o the_o belching_n of_o such_o as_o drink_v it_o fast_v give_v also_o the_o odour_n of_o bray_v marble_n whether_o we_o have_v either_o such_o a_o passage_n or_o effect_n i_o must_v confess_v i_o can_v inform_v the_o reader_n my_o purse_n not_o afford_v i_o to_o try_v the_o one_o nor_o my_o stomach_n the_o other_o however_o i_o can_v wish_v it_o have_v not_o be_v stop_v up_o as_o i_o hear_v it_o be_v since_o my_o be_v there_o not_o only_o for_o the_o use_v it_o may_v have_v but_o that_o person_n better_o qualify_v than_o i_o may_v have_v make_v the_o experiment_n 60._o of_o vitriolate_v and_o ferrugineous_a spring_n there_o be_v also_o plenty_n in_o this_o county_n one_o at_o nether-worton_n and_o another_o at_o north-weston_n north-leigh_n north-weston_n i_o find_v another_o since_o near_o whites-oak_n in_o the_o parish_n of_o north-leigh_n within_o less_o than_o a_o bolts-shot_a of_o each_o of_o their_o church_n both_o of_o these_o beside_o their_o ting_a with_o gall_n let_v fall_v a_o sediment_n of_o a_o rusty_a colour_n only_o with_o this_o difference_n that_o nether-worton_n spring_n be_v much_o the_o quick_a and_o clear_a though_o i_o doubt_v not_o the_o other_o may_v be_v very_o well_o amend_v be_v but_o little_a charge_n bestow_v on_o it_o 61._o at_o shipton_n under_o whichwood_n there_o be_v another_o of_o these_o at_o a_o inn_n there_o who_o sign_n be_v the_o red-horse_n but_o so_o weak_o impregnate_v with_o the_o mineral_n that_o it_o scarce_o tinge_v sensible_o with_o the_o powder_n of_o gall_n yet_o lay_v down_o the_o rusty_a sediment_n in_o as_o great_a quantity_n as_o any_o of_o the_o rest_n and_o i_o have_v meet_v with_o some_o at_o other_o place_n that_o have_v plentiful_o enough_o yield_v this_o which_o by_o no_o mean_n can_v ever_o be_v bring_v to_o confess_v any_o thing_n of_o vitriol_n which_o have_v beget_v a_o strong_a suspicion_n in_o i_o that_o this_o rusty_a tincture_n may_v probable_o be_v the_o effluvium_fw-la of_o some_o other_o body_n different_a from_o and_o not_o of_o the_o chalybeat_a kind_n for_o be_v it_o so_o i_o can_v imagine_v but_o the_o salt_n of_o mars_n must_v needs_o be_v discover_v however_o herein_o i_o will_v not_o be_v positive_a but_o propound_v it_o only_o as_o the_o subject_n of_o a_o severe_a research_n 62._o and_o of_o these_o i_o be_v tell_v of_o a_o very_a odd_a one_o in_o the_o parish_n of_o heddington_n near_o a_o place_n call_v the_o wyke_n i_o think_v now_o stop_v up_o that_o in_o the_o winter_n time_n will_v strike_v with_o gall_n but_o not_o in_o the_o summer_n whereof_o may_v be_v give_v this_o very_a easy_a reason_n that_o during_o the_o time_n of_o winter_n the_o pore_n of_o the_o earth_n be_v stop_v and_o the_o mineral_n thereby_o not_o permit_v to_o exhale_v the_o water_n be_v then_o impregnate_v with_o it_o and_o give_v the_o tincture_n whereas_o in_o the_o summer_n season_n it_o expire_v so_o much_o that_o the_o depauperated_a water_n can_v show_v nothing_o of_o it_o that_o water_n do_v thus_o alter_v according_a to_o the_o season_n of_o the_o year_n i_o find_v also_o to_o be_v manifest_a from_o the_o water_n of_o deddington_n which_o i_o find_v sometime_o light_a and_o at_o other_o time_n heavyer_n than_o common_a water_n and_o to_o give_v much_o different_a sediment_n at_o divers_a trial_n with_o the_o same_o material_n and_o this_o i_o think_v convenient_a to_o note_v not_o only_o to_o excite_v man_n to_o more_o critical_a observation_n but_o that_o the_o curious_a explorator_fw-la may_v not_o be_v startle_v in_o case_n he_o find_v they_o at_o any_o time_n not_o exact_o to_o answer_v 63._o in_o the_o park_n at_o cornbury_n not_o far_o from_o the_o lodge_n in_o a_o pit_n new_o dig_v there_o rise_v a_o spring_n also_o of_o a_o vitriol_n kind_n colour_v the_o mud_n and_o earth_n under_o it_o very_o black_a into_o this_o pit_n it_o be_v design_v for_o a_o conservatory_n of_o fish_n they_o put_v over_o night_n some_o of_o several_a sort_n but_o find_v they_o next_o day_n in_o the_o morning_n all_o dead_a which_o give_v i_o good_a ground_n to_o suspect_v have_v just_a before_o meet_v with_o a_o relation_n of_o dr._n witty_n 25._o witty_n answer_v to_o hydrologia_n chym._n p._n 25._o that_o carp_n put_v into_o a_o copper_n brewing-vessel_n to_o be_v preserve_v but_o for_o one_o night_n be_v all_o find_v dead_a in_o like_a manner_n in_o the_o morning_n that_o here_o may_v be_v something_o of_o that_o nature_n too_o and_o that_o the_o vitriol_n wherewith_o this_o water_n be_v sate_v may_v rather_o be_v that_o of_o venus_n than_o mars_n and_o in_o these_o thought_n i_o be_v the_o more_o confirm_v when_o i_o quick_o after_o be_v inform_v of_o a_o odd_a kind_n of_o steam_n that_o rise_v hereabout_o of_o a_o suitable_a effect_n but_o of_o this_o no_o more_o leave_v its_o further_a consideration_n to_o the_o right_n honourable_a and_o ingenious_a proprietor_n of_o the_o place_n and_o my_o singular_a good_a lord_n henry_n earl_n of_o clarendon_n a_o most_o effectual_a encourager_n of_o this_o design_n 64._o to_o
a_o learned_a society_n of_o virtuoso_n that_o during_o the_o late_a usurpation_n live_v obscure_o at_o tangley_n and_o have_v then_o time_n to_o think_v of_o so_o mean_v a_o subject_n by_o consent_n to_o term_v it_o the_o polar-stone_n have_v ingenious_o find_v out_o by_o clap_v two_o of_o they_o together_o as_o suppose_v the_o fig._n 9_o and_o 10._o that_o they_o make_v up_o a_o globe_n with_o meridian_n descend_v to_o the_o horizon_n and_o the_o pole_n elevate_v very_o near_o correspond_v to_o the_o real_a elevation_n of_o the_o pole_n of_o the_o place_n where_o the_o stone_n be_v find_v 33._o the_o two_o next_o represent_v fig._n 11_o 12._o like_o the_o former_a be_v flat_a and_o depress_v on_o their_o base_n have_v also_o some_o resemblance_n of_o a_o star_n of_o 5_o point_n be_v therefore_o think_v fit_a to_o be_v place_v next_o whereof_o the_o 11_o indeed_o be_v a_o beautiful_a stone_n find_v somewhere_o in_o the_o chiltern_n about_o aston_n rowant_n who_o inner_a substance_n though_o of_o black_a flint_n to_o outward_a view_n be_v of_o a_o cinereous_a colour_n and_o adorn_v by_o nature_n with_o somewhat_o more_o than_o ordinary_a for_o beside_o the_o modiolus_n and_o the_o issue_a ray_n make_v of_o double_a rank_n of_o point_n with_o transverse_a line_n intercede_v they_o it_o be_v also_o set_v with_o other_o point_v surround_v with_o double_a annulet_n on_o each_o side_n the_o stone_n with_o a_o single_a and_o from_o the_o termination_n of_o the_o ray_n with_o double_a rank_n the_o point_n thus_o surround_v be_v neither_o deep_o excavate_v nor_o any_o thing_n prominent_a above_o the_o superficies_n of_o the_o stone_n but_o the_o ray_n as_o they_o be_v but_o short_a not_o extend_v above_o half_a way_n to_o the_o rim_n of_o the_o stone_n so_o they_o be_v deep_o hollow_v down_o within_o it_o wherein_o it_o differ_v 33._o from_o that_o of_o fig._n 12._o find_v in_o the_o field_n about_o ifley_n who_o ray_n like_o those_o of_o the_o polar_a stone_n be_v make_v of_o double_a rank_n of_o transverse_a line_n whereof_o the_o outermost_a be_v much_o the_o long_o and_o extend_v likewise_o to_o the_o rim_n of_o the_o stone_n its_o substance_n also_o like_o that_o seem_v to_o be_v a_o yellow_a rubble_n but_o not_o case_v that_o i_o can_v perceive_v with_o any_o such_o laminated_a substance_n or_o adorn_v with_o annulet_n yet_o the_o vmbilicus_fw-la of_o some_o of_o they_o be_v more_o beautiful_a than_o they_o it_o be_v sometime_o divide_v and_o foliate_v like_o a_o rose_n and_o so_o much_o for_o the_o brontiae_fw-la depress_v on_o their_o base_n 35._o let_v we_o now_o proceed_v to_o other_o of_o a_o more_o elevate_a kind_n whereof_o those_o express_v fig._n 13._o find_v somewhere_o in_o the_o chiltern_n by_o the_o country_n people_n call_v common_o cap-stone_n from_o their_o likeness_n to_o a_o cap_n lace_v down_o the_o side_n be_v of_o any_o the_o most_o uniform_a for_o the_o centre_n of_o these_o both_o at_o the_o top_n and_o bottom_n be_v on_o all_o hand_n equidistant_a from_o the_o rim_n of_o the_o stone_n and_o the_o ray_n intercede_v the_o centre_n be_v also_o equidistant_a cut_v it_o exact_o into_o five_o equal_a part_n which_o in_o none_o of_o the_o former_a nor_o those_o that_o be_v to_o follow_v either_o by_o reason_n of_o their_o shape_n or_o excentricity_n of_o their_o modioli_n can_v possible_o be_v find_v the_o ray_n of_o these_o be_v make_v of_o two_o row_n of_o point_n set_v pretty_a deep_a in_o the_o body_n of_o the_o stone_n out_o of_o which_o you_o be_v to_o suppose_v according_a to_o aldrovandus_n who_o resemble_v this_o stone_n to_o a_o disarm_v echinus_n proceed_v the_o prickle_n that_o animal_n be_v fence_v with_o 36._o as_o also_o that_o other_o somewhat_o of_o a_o oval_a form_n tab._n 2._o fig._n 14._o who_o centre_n correspond_v with_o the_o figure_n of_o the_o stone_n and_o be_v not_o conclude_v within_o the_o ray_n as_o in_o the_o former_a but_o be_v extend_v in_o a_o ridge_n to_o the_o rim_n of_o it_o from_o which_o centre_n there_o descend_v as_o it_o be_v double_a ray_n make_v up_o of_o two_o double_a set_n of_o point_n which_o expand_v themselves_o as_o they_o draw_v towards_o the_o rim_n at_o about_o midway_n be_v surround_v with_o single_a annulet_n which_o each_o of_o they_o include_v two_o point_n apiece_o be_v therefore_o all_o of_o a_o oval_a figure_n it_o be_v substance_n within_o be_v a_o black_a flint_n though_o without_o it_o appear_v of_o a_o cinereous_a colour_n and_o be_v find_v in_o the_o field_n between_o ewelm_n and_o brightwell_n tab_n two_o add_v pag_n 92._o to_o the_o right_a worsp_n ll_o the_o learned_a and_o curious_a artist_n sr_n john_n cope_n baron_n this_o second_o table_n of_o form_a stone_n whereof_z the_o 9_o &_o 10_o be_v find_v in_o his_o own_o ground_n be_v humble_o dedicate_v by_o r._n p._n l_o l._n d._n m_o burghâ—â—rs_n delin_a et_fw-la sculp_v 1._o that_o the_o protuberancy_n of_o this_o last_o stone_n be_v all_o hollow_a which_o when_o break_v look_v just_a like_o the_o hollow_a point_n of_o the_o former_a which_o have_v give_v i_o some_o ground_n to_o suspect_v that_o the_o deep_a point_n of_o that_o may_v have_v former_o be_v eminency_n like_o the_o raise_v point_n of_o this_o and_o be_v only_o break_v down_o by_o the_o injury_n of_o time_n 2._o that_o none_o of_o these_o brontiae_fw-la have_v be_v describe_v before_o but_o the_o 12_o and_o 13_o of_o tab._n 2._o which_o indeed_o be_v somewhat_o like_o the_o 8_o and_o 10_o of_o aldrovandus_n 455._o aldrovandus_n lib._n 4._o cap._n 1._o p._n 455._o and_o 3._o that_o though_o some_o author_n have_v think_v they_o the_o petrified_a shell_n of_o the_o echinus_n spatagus_n or_o brissus_n of_o aristotle_n i_o have_v reason_n to_o think_v as_o shall_v appear_v in_o a_o fit_a place_n that_o they_o will_v prove_v nothing_o less_o 38._o beside_o the_o brontiae_fw-la of_o the_o foreign_a naturalist_n we_o have_v other_o which_o here_o in_o england_n we_o call_v likewise_o thunderbolt_n in_o the_o form_n of_o arrow_n head_n and_o think_v by_o the_o vulgar_a to_o be_v indeed_o the_o dart_n of_o heaven_n which_o only_o in_o conformity_n to_o my_o own_o country_n though_o for_o as_o much_o reason_n as_o the_o forego_n brontiae_fw-la i_o have_v place_v among_o the_o stone_n relate_v to_o the_o heaven_n 39_o from_o their_o form_n by_o all_o naturalist_n they_o be_v call_v belemnite_n from_o the_o greek_a word_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d telum_fw-la which_o indeed_o there_o be_v some_o of_o they_o represent_v pretty_a well_o we_o have_v of_o they_o in_o oxford-shire_n of_o divers_a sort_n yet_o all_o of_o they_o i_o find_v agree_v in_o this_o that_o their_o texture_n be_v of_o small_a striae_fw-la or_o thread_n radiate_a from_o the_o centre_n or_o rather_o axis_fw-la of_o the_o stone_n to_o the_o outermost_a superficies_n and_o that_o burn_v or_o rub_v against_o one_o another_o or_o scrape_v with_o a_o knife_n they_o yield_v a_o odour_n like_v rasp_v horn._n 40._o in_o magnitude_n and_o colour_n they_o differ_v much_o the_o big_a i_o have_v meet_v with_o yet_o be_v that_o express_v in_o tab._n 3._o fig._n 3._o in_o length_n somewhat_o above_o four_o inch_n and_o in_o thickness_n much_o about_o a_o inch_n and_o ¼_n this_o be_v find_v in_o the_o quarry_n in_o the_o parish_n of_o heddington_n hollow_a at_o the_o top_n about_o a_o inch_n deep_a and_o fill_v with_o a_o kind_n of_o gravelly_a earth_n and_o have_v the_o rima_fw-la or_o chink_n which_o aldrovandus_n and_o boetius_fw-la say_v all_o of_o they_o have_v but_o i_o find_v it_o otherwise_o as_o shall_v be_v show_v anon_o of_o colour_n it_o be_v cinereous_a incline_v to_o yellow_a and_o if_o vehement_o rub_v be_v the_o only_a one_o among_o all_o that_o i_o have_v that_o like_o amber_n take_v up_o straw_n and_o some_o other_o light_a body_n 41._o there_o be_v of_o they_o also_o of_o a_o bluish_a colour_n find_v at_o great_a rolwright_n in_o a_o bluish_a clay_n of_o about_o a_o finger_n length_n hollow_a at_o the_o top_n and_o have_v some_o of_o they_o instead_o of_o one_o three_o cleft_n or_o rimae_fw-la but_o neither_o so_o plain_a or_o long_o as_o the_o former_a they_o ascend_v from_o the_o cuspis_fw-la scarce_a half_o up_o the_o stone_n two_o whereof_o be_v show_v fig._n 4._o and_o the_o three_o hide_v behind_o the_o sculpture_n which_o may_v make_v some_o amends_o for_o that_o of_o fig._n 5._o which_o be_v of_o colour_n cinereous_a and_o hollow_a at_o the_o top_n but_o have_v no_o chink_n at_o all_o whereof_o there_o be_v a_o bed_n find_v in_o dig_v the_o sulphur_n well_o at_o mr._n lane_n of_o deddington_n as_o be_v mention_v before_o in_o the_o chapter_n of_o water_n 42._o to_o which_o add_v a_o four_o sort_n find_v in_o great_a plenty_n in_o the_o gravel
be_v but_o a_o thin_a spiry_n grass_n and_o will_v not_o be_v of_o any_o bulk_n the_o first_o year_n unless_o thicken_v by_o the_o trefoil_n which_o fail_v by_o degree_n the_o ray_n or_o bennet-grass_n so_o some_o also_o call_v it_o thicken_v upon_o it_o and_o last_v for_o ever_o of_o ray-grass_n and_o trefoil_n thus_o mix_v together_o one_o at_o islip_n but_o late_o have_v so_o advantageous_a a_o crop_n that_o from_o four_o statute_n acre_n worth_n not_o above_o forty_o shilling_n per_fw-la annum_fw-la beside_o the_o keep_n six_o or_o eight_o cattle_n till_o holy_a thursday_n and_o the_o feed_v all_o the_o winter_n follow_v have_v twenty_o quarter_n of_o seed_n worth_a twenty_o pound_n and_o fourteen_o load_n of_o fodder_n enough_o to_o winter_v five_o or_o six_o cattle_n 34._o the_o faenum_fw-la burgundiacum_n caeruleum_fw-la l'obelii_n or_o medica_fw-la legitima_fw-la clusii_n &_o dodonaei_n common_o call_v lucern_n but_o by_o the_o learned_a dr._n morison_n say_v to_o be_v the_o true_a sainct-foin_n be_v also_o sow_o here_o and_o find_v to_o agree_v well_o enough_o with_o a_o rich_a moist_a ground_n but_o better_a by_o much_o in_o a_o warm_a and_o dry_a soil_n this_o stand_v recommend_v for_o a_o excellent_a fodder_n both_o by_o man_n and_o beast_n especial_o horse_n which_o be_v purge_v and_o make_v fat_a with_o it_o in_o the_o spring_n time_n in_o 8_o or_o 10_o day_n but_o no_o more_o of_o this_o or_o any_o other_o grass_n they_o have_v all_o but_o ray-grass_n be_v already_o describe_v 35._o but_o beside_o grass_n there_o have_v some_o other_o plant_n be_v cultivate_v here_o of_o no_o mean_a use_n such_o as_o cnicus_n sive_fw-la carthamus_n sativus_fw-la manure_v bastard_n saffron_n sometime_o call_v safflore_v for_o die_v of_o scarlet_n and_o therefore_o by_o some_o call_v also_o the_o scarlet_a flower_n whereof_o there_o be_v once_o a_o considerable_a quantity_n sow_o at_o north-aston_n by_o colonel_n vernon_n the_o seed_n be_v plant_v in_o row_n about_o a_o foot_n distant_a for_o the_o more_o convenient_a how_v and_o keep_v it_o clean_o from_o weed_n in_o these_o row_v it_o rise_v with_o a_o strong_a round_a stalk_n three_o or_o four_o foot_n high_a branch_a itself_o to_o the_o top_n where_o it_o bear_v a_o great_a open_a skaly_a head_n out_o of_o which_o it_o thrust_v forth_o many_o gold_n yellow_a thread_n of_o a_o most_o orient_a and_o shine_a colour_n which_o they_o gather_v every_o day_n as_o fast_o as_o they_o ripen_v and_o dry_v they_o well_o which_o do_v it_o be_v fit_a for_o sale_n and_o die_v of_o scarlet_a 36._o and_o about_o hampton_n and_o clanfield_n they_o make_v some_o profit_n of_o sow_v carum_fw-la sive_fw-la careum_fw-la or_o the_o carui_fw-la of_o the_o shop_n common_o call_v caruwaies_o which_o they_o sow_v in_o march_n or_o april_n as_o they_o do_v parsley_n the_o first_o year_n it_o seem_v it_o bear_v no_o seed_n but_o the_o next_o it_o seed_n and_o shatter_v and_o so_o will_v hold_v six_o or_o seven_o year_n without_o new_a sow_v or_o any_o other_o care_n or_o trouble_v beside_o keep_v it_o from_o weed_n the_o encouragement_n they_o have_v to_o sow_v it_o be_v the_o value_n put_v on_o it_o one_o pound_n of_o this_o be_v esteem_v by_o the_o grocer_n worth_a almost_o two_o of_o that_o which_o they_o have_v from_o london_n 37._o and_o this_o be_v all_o i_o have_v meet_v with_o concern_v cultivate_v plant_n worthy_a take_v notice_n of_o in_o this_o county_n but_o that_o like_o the_o wild_a indigenous_a one_o these_o have_v sometime_o accident_n that_o attend_v they_o too_o for_o such_o and_o no_o other_o be_v the_o two_o ear_n of_o wheat_n branch_v from_o one_o stalk_n and_o six_o ear_n of_o barley_n from_o another_o find_v at_o fulbrook_n near_o burford_n and_o give_v i_o by_o mr._n jourden_n since_o decease_v nor_o have_v i_o more_o to_o add_v concern_v they_o but_o that_o i_o find_v few_o that_o i_o have_v mention_v to_o be_v note_v by_o mr._n ray._n 38._o next_o herbaceous_a plant_n i_o proceed_v to_o the_o shrub_n among_o which_o i_o meet_v with_o but_o little_a extraordinary_a only_o the_o haw-thorn_n at_o bampton_n in_o the_o bowling-green_a hedge_n bear_v white_a berry_n or_o haw_n which_o indeed_o i_o take_v to_o be_v a_o great_a curiosity_n for_o though_o in_o flower_n and_o animal_n white_a be_v esteem_v by_o some_o a_o penurious_a colour_n and_o a_o certain_a indication_n of_o a_o scarcity_n of_o nourishment_n whence_o it_o be_v say_v my_o lord_n verulam_n 93._o verulam_n nat._n hist_o cent._n 1._o num._n 93._o that_o blue_a violet_n and_o other_o flower_n if_o they_o be_v starve_v turn_v pale_a and_o white_a bird_n and_o horse_n by_o age_n turn_v white_a and_o the_o hoary_a hair_n of_o man_n come_v by_o the_o same_o reason_n and_o though_o among_o fruit_n the_o white_a for_o the_o most_o part_n argue_v but_o a_o mean_a concoction_n they_o be_v general_o of_o a_o flashy_a over-watery_a taste_n as_o pear-plum_n the_o white-harvest_n plum_n white_a bulleis_n &c_n &c_n damasin_n &c_n here_o except_o the_o pardegwin_n and_o white_a damasin_n and_o diver_n sort_v of_o pear_n and_o apple_n of_o that_o colour_n yet_o in_o berry_n the_o case_n seem_v to_o be_v quite_o different_a as_o we_o see_v in_o goosberry_n grape_n strawberry_n rasp_v whereof_o the_o white_a be_v by_o much_o the_o more_o delicate_a and_o have_v the_o better_a flavour_n which_o if_o true_a in_o the_o whole_a species_n of_o berry-bearing_a plant_n as_o in_o probability_n it_o may_v we_o have_v reason_n to_o conclude_v that_o the_o berry_n of_o this_o thorn_n be_v not_o accidental_o white_a through_o defect_n or_o disease_n as_o in_o some_o other_o plant_n but_o that_o they_o be_v a_o argument_n of_o its_o perfection_n and_o that_o the_o thorn_n itself_o be_v of_o a_o quite_o different_a species_n from_o all_o know_v before_o and_o may_v just_o challenge_v the_o name_n of_o oxyacanthus_fw-la baccis_fw-la albis_fw-la these_o burries_n it_o be_v true_a i_o see_v not_o myself_o not_o be_v there_o in_o time_n of_o year_n for_o they_o but_o be_v certify_v of_o the_o truth_n of_o it_o by_o the_o common_a voice_n of_o the_o parish_n and_o particular_o by_o the_o worshipful_a tomas_n hoard_n esq_n who_o first_o tell_v i_o of_o it_o and_o the_o reverend_n mr._n philip_n archdeacon_n of_o salop_n and_o one_o of_o the_o three_o vicar_n there_o man_n of_o great_a ingenuity_n and_o undoubted_a veracity_n i_o have_v no_o reason_n to_o question_v the_o certainty_n of_o the_o thing_n 39_o and_o hither_o i_o think_v may_v be_v refer_v the_o glastenbury_n thorn_n in_o the_o park_n and_o garden_n of_o the_o right_n honourable_a the_o lord_n norreys_n that_o constant_o bud_n and_o sometime_o blossom_n at_o or_o near_o christmas_n whether_o this_o be_v a_o plant_n original_o of_o oxford-shire_n or_o bring_v hither_o from_o beyond_o sea_n or_o a_o graft_n of_o the_o old_a stock_n of_o glastonbury_n be_v not_o easy_a to_o determine_v but_o thus_o much_o may_v be_v say_v in_o behalf_n of_o oxford-shire_n that_o there_o be_v one_o of_o they_o here_o so_o old_a that_o it_o be_v now_o die_v and_o that_o if_o ever_o it_o be_v transplant_v hither_o it_o be_v far_o beyond_o the_o memory_n of_o man_n 40._o as_o far_o the_o excellent_a and_o peculiar_a quality_n that_o it_o have_v some_o take_v it_o as_o a_o miraculous_a remembrance_n of_o the_o birth_n of_o christ_n first_o plant_v by_o joseph_n of_o arimathea_n other_o only_o esteem_v it_o as_o a_o early_a sort_n of_o thorn_n peculiar_a to_o england_n and_o other_o again_o be_v of_o opinion_n that_o it_o be_v original_o a_o foreigner_n of_o some_o of_o the_o southern_a country_n and_o so_o hardy_a a_o plant_n that_o it_o still_o keep_v its_o time_n of_o blossom_a which_o in_o its_o own_o country_n may_v be_v about_o the_o end_n of_o december_n though_o remove_v hither_o into_o a_o much_o cold_a climate_n whether_o of_o these_o be_v most_o probable_a i_o shall_v not_o determine_v but_o leave_v every_o reader_n best_o to_o please_v himself_o and_o whatever_o more_o can_v be_v say_v of_o it_o i_o shall_v reserve_v till_o i_o come_v into_o somersetshire_n where_o it_o be_v in_o great_a reputation_n and_o have_v be_v most_o observe_v 41._o whereunto_o perhaps_o may_v be_v add_v a_o kind_n of_o rosa_n canina_n which_o we_o have_v venture_v to_o stile_n humilior_fw-la fructu_fw-la rotundiori_fw-la for_o that_o it_o want_v much_o of_o the_o height_n and_o strength_n of_o the_o common_a one_o and_o have_v round_a leaf_n and_o the_o hip_n compress_v at_o the_o top_n and_o branch_n thick_o set_v with_o small_a prickle_n between_o the_o great_a one_o whereas_o the_o common_a one_o have_v both_o leaf_n and_o hip_n long_a and_o point_a and_o only_o a_o large_a sort_n of_o prickle_n set_v at_o some_o distance_n but_o whether_o this_o be_v not_o the_o rosa_fw-la sylvestris_fw-la
on_o to_o elm_n but_o that_o i_o be_o detain_v by_o a_o parcel_n of_o subterraneous_a oak_n find_v some_o year_n since_o at_o the_o bottom_n of_o a_o pond_n on_o binfield-heath_n in_o the_o parish_n of_o shiplake_n very_o firm_a and_o sound_a but_o quite_o through_o to_o the_o heart_n as_o black_a as_o ebony_n cause_v i_o suppose_v by_o a_o vitriolic_a humour_n in_o the_o earth_n which_o join_v with_o oak_n the_o parent_n of_o a_o sort_n of_o gall_n may_v reasonable_o enough_o produce_v such_o a_o effect_n as_o we_o see_v they_o do_v always_o in_o the_o make_n of_o ink_n and_o that_o i_o be_o not_o mistake_v in_o this_o conjecture_n the_o ditch_n by_o the_o wood_n side_n between_o this_o and_o caversham_n will_v bear_v i_o witness_v the_o water_n whereof_o where_o they_o stand_v under_o oak_n and_o receive_v their_o droping_n and_o fall_n of_o their_o leaf_n be_v turn_v black_a than_o any_o vitriolic_a one_o i_o have_v any_o where_o see_v except_o those_o of_o mr._n tyrrill_n of_o oakley_n in_o buckingham-shire_n 51._o and_o these_o also_o no_o question_n perform_v the_o same_o feat_n to_o some_o tun_n of_o oak_n find_v also_o under_o a_o pond_n belong_v to_o the_o worshipful_a thomas_n stonor_n esq_n of_o watlington-park_n near_o blund_v court_n in_o the_o parish_n of_o rotherfield_n pypard_n which_o for_o the_o benefit_n of_o the_o soil_n and_o other_o conveniency_n be_v cleanse_v in_o july_n anno_fw-la 1675._o the_o workman_n sink_v it_o a_o convenient_a depth_n come_v at_o last_o as_o it_o prove_v to_o the_o top_n branch_n of_o a_o oak_n relation_n whereof_o be_v make_v to_o the_o owner_n the_o worthy_a mr._n stoner_n a_o person_n not_o only_o curious_a but_o equal_o generous_a he_o present_o give_v order_n for_o a_o further_a inquisition_n and_o according_o employ_v a_o equal_a number_n of_o man_n to_o the_o greatness_n of_o the_o work_n who_o sink_v a_o pit_n about_o twenty_o yard_n over_o and_o about_o fifty_o or_o sixty_o foot_n deep_a find_v many_o whole_a oak_n whereof_o one_o stand_v upright_o perpendicular_a to_o the_o horizon_n the_o other_o lay_v oblique_o only_o one_o be_v invert_v the_o fork_a end_n downward_o all_o of_o they_o die_v through_o of_o a_o black_a hue_n like_o ebony_n yet_o much_o of_o the_o timber_n sound_a enough_o and_o fit_a for_o many_o use_n several_a of_o the_o tree_n be_v a_o foot_n or_o fourteen_o inch_n and_o particular_o one_o above_o three_o foot_n diameter_n and_o all_o receive_v a_o very_a good_a polish_v and_o therefore_o fit_a for_o joiner_n in-laid_a work_n than_o pale_v to_o set_v about_o close_v to_o which_o use_n that_o be_v put_v which_o be_v find_v at_o binfield_n 52._o beside_o the_o tree_n all_o along_o as_o they_o dig_v they_o meet_v with_o plenty_n of_o hasel-nut_n from_o within_o a_o yard_n of_o the_o surface_n to_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o pit_n which_o time_n iron_n tooth_n have_v not_o yet_o crack_v and_o that_o which_o amaze_v i_o most_o of_o all_o i_o think_v they_o lie_v thick_a than_o ever_o they_o grow_v some_o of_o which_o as_o well_o as_o the_o oak_n be_v at_o some_o place_n cover_v with_o a_o bluish_a substance_n much_o of_o the_o consistence_n of_o the_o flower_n of_o sulphur_n and_o not_o much_o unlike_a to_o the_o fine_a blue_a starch_n which_o be_v the_o caeruleum_fw-la nativum_fw-la before_o mention_v in_o this_o history_n cap._n 3._o sect._n 18._o the_o oak_n have_v none_o of_o they_o any_o root_n but_o plain_o cut_v off_o at_o the_o kerf_n as_o be_v use_v in_o fell_v timber_n the_o shell_n of_o the_o nut_n very_o firm_a without_o but_o nothing_o remain_v within_o of_o the_o kernel_n but_o a_o show_n of_o the_o dry_a outer_a rind_n and_o the_o blue_a substance_n not_o find_v only_o upon_o the_o nut_n and_o oak_n but_o in_o any_o other_o small_a cavity_n of_o the_o earth_n dispersedly_z here_o and_o there_o all_o over_o the_o pit_n 53._o moreover_o there_o be_v find_v a_o sort_n of_o white_a stone_n disperse_v in_o like_a manner_n in_o piece_n sometime_o as_o big_a as_o one_o fist_n in_o colour_n somewhat_o like_a to_o white_a marble_n or_o alabaster_n but_o of_o a_o much_o different_a texture_n and_o near_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o pit_n a_o large_a stag_n head_n with_o the_o browantliers_a as_o sound_a as_o the_o beam_n itself_o with_o two_o roman_a urn_n both_o which_o be_v break_v by_o the_o incurious_a workman_n 54._o how_o the_o timber_n shall_v be_v thus_o dye_v as_o black_a as_o ebony_n i_o hope_v i_o have_v make_v no_o improbable_a conjecture_n nor_o be_v it_o liable_a that_o i_o know_v of_o to_o any_o exception_n unless_o to_o a_o quaere_fw-la why_o the_o nut_n and_o stag_n head_n be_v not_o dye_v so_o too_o to_o which_o it_o may_v be_v answer_v that_o the_o pore_n of_o the_o shell_n be_v close_o than_o the_o wood_n and_o neither_o the_o nut_n nor_o the_o bear_v have_v any_o thing_n gallish_a the_o vitriol_n of_o the_o earth_n can_v have_v no_o power_n on_o they_o whether_o it_o be_v wrought_v by_o repugnancy_n or_o combination_n to_o work_v that_o effect_n 55._o but_o how_o the_o timber_n shall_v become_v thus_o bury_v both_o at_o binfield_n and_o blunds_n court_n and_o at_o the_o latter_a how_o join_v in_o so_o strange_a a_o mixture_n as_o hasel-nut_n a_o stag_n head_n and_o urn_n and_o at_o some_o place_n only_o with_o a_o alabastrine_n kind_n of_o substance_n remain_v yet_o a_o knot_n not_o so_o easy_o loose_v however_o since_o attemt_n have_v sometime_o please_v and_o it_o have_v always_o be_v acceptable_a in_o magnis_fw-la voluisse_fw-la i_o shall_v adventure_v to_o propound_v my_o present_a thought_n still_o reserve_v the_o liberty_n to_o my_o self_n as_o well_o as_o reader_n of_o think_v otherwise_o when_o sufficient_a ground_n of_o change_n shall_v offer_v themselves_o at_o any_o time_n hereafter_o 56._o first_o then_o as_o for_o the_o timber_n dig_v at_o binfield-heath_n it_o be_v likely_a that_o may_v be_v fell_v and_o bury_v there_o when_o society_n of_o man_n which_o i_o guess_v be_v not_o common_a till_o the_o day_n of_o king_n alfred_n under_o some_o mean_a or_o lord_n paramount_n first_o choose_v to_o themselves_o certain_a place_n of_o abode_n and_o promote_v agriculture_n which_o that_o they_o may_v the_o better_a do_v they_o fell_v and_o bury_v the_o timber_n which_o they_o can_v not_o well_o burn_v with_o the_o under-wood_n thus_o as_o i_o have_v be_v inform_v by_o a_o very_a worthy_a person_n who_o have_v it_o from_o his_o age_a father_n do_v our_o grandfather_n serve_v their_o timber_n in_o the_o inland_n part_n of_o kent_n to_o make_v room_n for_o tillage_n dig_v a_o trench_n by_o each_o tree_n after_o it_o be_v fell_v and_o so_o tumble_v it_o in_o its_o sale_n not_o be_v worth_a the_o portage_n even_o there_o so_o few_o year_n ago_o much_o rather_o therefore_o may_v the_o first_o planter_n of_o binfield-heath_n throw_v it_o into_o pond_n or_o other_o hollow_a place_n ready_a at_o hand_n to_o make_v room_n as_o well_o for_o habitation_n as_o tillage_n in_o ancient_a time_n which_o i_o guess_v may_v be_v do_v in_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n alfred_n 1._o because_o he_o divide_v the_o kingdom_n into_o shire_n and_o hundred_o and_o 2._o because_o binfield_n give_v name_n to_o the_o hundred_o however_o inconsiderable_a it_o be_v now_o in_o this_o woody_a part_n of_o the_o county_n 57_o moreover_o that_o this_o timber_n must_v be_v bury_v by_o design_n and_o not_o casual_o overthrow_v either_o by_o their_o root_n be_v loosen_v by_o to_o much_o wet_a occasion_v by_o the_o obstruction_n of_o river_n as_o camden_n lancashire_n camden_n camden_n in_o lancashire_n apprehend_v those_o tree_n be_v find_v in_o chatmoss_n in_o lancashire_n nor_o by_o the_o overflow_n of_o any_o river_n nor_o fall_v of_o any_o torrent_n as_o steno_n will_v have_v it_o bed_n it_o steno_n in_o prodrom_n concern_v the_o matter_n of_o bed_n nor_o undermine_v by_o subterraneous_a stream_n or_o dissolution_n of_o matter_n underneath_o they_o as_o dr._n jackson_n 53._o jackson_n philosoph_n transact_v num._n 53._o think_v it_o happen_v about_o 18_o year_n since_o at_o bilkely_a in_o hereford-shire_n be_v plain_a and_o evident_a for_o that_o all_o the_o country_n hereabout_o lie_v very_o high_a and_o be_v as_o stony_a a_o fast_a ground_n as_o almost_o any_o where_n to_o be_v find_v 58._o it_o remain_v therefore_o that_o it_o must_v needs_o be_v design_o bury_v and_o if_o in_o any_o other_o place_n of_o the_o heath_n as_o well_o as_o in_o the_o pond_n may_v possible_o be_v discover_v either_o by_o the_o herbage_n over_o they_o which_o will_v wither_v much_o soon_o than_o any_o of_o the_o rest_n as_o near_o yeovil_n in_o somersetshire_n where_o as_o we_o be_v inform_v by_o the_o reverend_n and_o learned_a dr._n beal_n 18._o beal_n philosoph_n transact_v numb_a 18._o the_o parch_a
indeed_o it_o be_v very_o hard_a to_o think_v how_o so_o many_o thing_n pertinent_a to_o the_o same_o office_n shall_v thus_o meet_v together_o without_o some_o design_n of_o nature_n however_o till_o i_o be_o better_a satisfy_v of_o the_o truth_n of_o the_o thing_n or_o convince_v by_o the_o sight_n of_o some_o other_o such_o curiosity_n i_o can_v afford_v to_o think_v we_o be_v altogether_o independent_a more_o than_o mere_a accident_n 82._o beside_o these_o unusual_a accident_n of_o whole_a tree_n or_o their_o trunk_n there_o be_v some_o also_o that_o have_v happen_v to_o their_o upper_a branch_n and_o leaf_n whereof_o the_o former_a be_v sometime_o fasciate_v and_o the_o latter_a stripe_v in_o willow_n and_o some_o other_o of_o the_o soft_a wood_n the_o uppermost_a bough_n be_v common_o fasciate_v but_o the_o best_a of_o the_o kind_n i_o ever_o yet_o see_v be_v the_o top-branch_n of_o a_o ash_n which_o i_o meet_v with_o at_o bisseter_n not_o only_o fasciate_v but_o most_o uniform_o wreathe_v two_o or_o three_o time_n round_o and_o there_o be_v a_o good_a example_n of_o this_o nature_n in_o a_o top_n branch_n of_o holly_n hang_v up_o in_o the_o gatehouse_n of_o the_o physick-garden_n whence_o it_o be_v plain_a that_o this_o happen_v also_o to_o the_o hard_a wood_n and_o in_o both_o by_o the_o ascent_n of_o too_o much_o nourishment_n though_o in_o branch_n of_o tree_n especial_o such_o as_o be_v not_o only_o flat_a but_o helical_o curl_v i_o guess_v there_o concur_v some_o blast_n or_o some_o such_o like_a matter_n that_o contract_v the_o fiber_n and_o so_o turn_v they_o round_o beside_o the_o excess_n in_o the_o ascent_n of_o their_o nourishment_n 83._o as_o for_o the_o stripe_a leaf_n of_o tree_n as_o well_o as_o those_o of_o shrub_n and_o herbaceous_a plant_n i_o suppose_v they_o may_v be_v meet_v with_o almost_o in_o every_o kind_n the_o great_a maple_n miscall_v the_o sycomore_n be_v find_v stripe_v white_a not_o many_o year_n since_o in_o magdalen_n college_n grove_n and_o translate_v thence_o into_o the_o physick-garden_n where_o it_o flourish_v still_o and_o retain_v its_o striping_n and_o i_o hear_v of_o a_o stripe_a elm_n somewhere_o in_o dorsetshire_n dr._n childrey_n cornwall_n childrey_n britannia_fw-la baconica_n in_o cornwall_n and_o out_o of_o he_o the_o ingenious_a mr._n evelyn_n 3._o evelyn_n discourse_v of_o forest_n tree_n cap._n 3._o inform_v we_o of_o a_o oak_n in_o lanhadron_n park_n in_o the_o county_n of_o cornwall_n to_o omit_v the_o paint_a oak_n in_o the_o hundred_o of_o east_n which_o constant_o bear_v leave_v speckle_v with_o white_a and_o there_o be_v another_o of_o these_o find_v this_o instant_a year_n 1676._o by_o my_o worthy_a friend_n dr._n thomas_n tailor_n in_o a_o place_n call_v frid-wood_n in_o the_o parish_n of_o borden_n near_o sittingbourn_n in_o kent_n but_o of_o these_o more_o hereafter_o when_o i_o come_v into_o those_o county_n 84._o of_o unusual_a tree_n now_o cultivate_v in_o oxford-shire_n there_o 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other_o county_n such_o as_o that_o of_o run_v at_o the_o quinten_a quintain_n or_o quintel_n so_o call_v from_o the_o latin_a quintus_fw-la because_o say_v minsheu_fw-la verbo_fw-la minsheu_fw-la minsh_fw-mi 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d in_o verbo_fw-la it_o be_v one_o of_o the_o ancient_a sport_n use_v every_o five_o year_n among_o the_o olympian_a game_n rather_o perhaps_o because_o it_o be_v the_o last_o of_o the_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d or_o the_o quinque_fw-la certamina_fw-la gymnastica_fw-la use_v on_o the_o five_o or_o last_o day_n of_o the_o olympic_n how_o the_o manner_n of_o it_o be_v then_o i_o do_v not_o find_v but_o now_o it_o be_v thus_o 22._o they_o first_o set_v a_o post_n perpendicular_o into_o the_o ground_n and_o then_o place_v a_o slender_a piece_n of_o timber_n on_o the_o top_n of_o it_o on_o a_o spindle_n with_o a_o board_n nail_v to_o it_o on_o one_o end_n and_o a_o bag_n of_o sand_n hang_v at_o the_o other_o against_o this_o board_n they_o ancient_o rod_n with_o spear_n now_o as_o i_o see_v it_o at_o deddington_n in_o this_o county_n only_o with_o strong_a staff_n which_o violent_o bring_v about_o the_o bag_n of_o sand_n if_o they_o make_v not_o good_a speed_n away_o it_o strike_v they_o in_o the_o neck_n or_o shoulder_n and_o sometime_o perhaps_o knock_v they_o from_o their_o horse_n the_o great_a design_n of_o the_o sport_n be_v to_o try_v the_o agility_n both_o of_o horse_n and_o man_n and_o to_o break_v the_o board_n which_o whoever_o do_v be_v for_o that_o time_n account_v princeps_fw-la juventutis_fw-la 23._o for_o who_o heretofore_o there_o be_v some_o reward_n always_o appoint_v eo_fw-la tempore_fw-la say_v matthew_n paris_n juvenes_fw-la londinenses_n statuto_fw-la pavone_n pro_fw-la bravio_n ad_fw-la stadium_fw-la quod_fw-la quintena_n vulgariter_fw-la dicitur_fw-la vires_fw-la proprias_fw-la &_o equorum_fw-la cursus_fw-la sunt_fw-la experti_fw-la wherein_o it_o seem_v the_o king_n servant_n oppose_v they_o be_v sore_o beat_v for_o which_o upon_o complaint_n the_o king_n fine_v the_o city_n 863._o city_n matth._n paris_n sub_fw-la initium_fw-la an._n 1253._o edit_n watsianâ_fw-la p._n 863._o whence_o one_o may_v gather_v that_o it_o be_v once_o a_o trial_n of_o manhood_n between_o two_o party_n since_o that_o a_o contest_v among_o friend_n who_o shall_v wear_v the_o gay_a garland_n but_o now_o only_o in_o request_n at_o marriage_n and_o set_v up_o in_o the_o way_n for_o young_a man_n to_o ride_v at_o as_o they_o carry_v home_o the_o bride_n he_o that_o break_v the_o board_n be_v count_v the_o best_a man_n 24._o to_o which_o may_v be_v add_v the_o observation_n of_o hoc-day_n hock-day_n hoke-day_n hoke-tide_n hoke-monday_n and_o hoke-tuesday_n by_o all_o agree_v to_o be_v a_o festival_n celebrate_v in_o memory_n of_o the_o great_a slaughter_n of_o the_o dane_n in_o the_o time_n of_o king_n ethelred_n they_o be_v all_o slay_v throughout_o england_n in_o one_o day_n and_o in_o great_a part_n by_o woman_n paris_n woman_n vid._n watsii_fw-la glossarium_fw-la in_o mat._n paris_n whence_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o the_o woman_n to_o this_o day_n bear_v the_o chief_a rule_n in_o this_o feast_n stop_v all_o passage_n with_o rope_n and_o chain_n and_o lay_v hold_n on_o passenger_n and_o exact_v some_o small_a maâ—ter_n of_o they_o with_o part_n whereof_o they_o make_v merry_a and_o part_n they_o dispose_v of_o to_o pious_a use_n such_o as_o reparation_n of_o their_o church_n etc._n etc._n 25._o for_o which_o very_a reason_n some_o have_v think_v it_o to_o be_v call_v hoke-tide_n from_o the_o german_a or_o high-dutch_a hodge_n zeit_n i._n e._n tempus_fw-la convivii_fw-la a_o time_n of_o feast_v or_o the_o saxon_a hoegen_n which_o signify_v a_o solemn_a feast_n or_o perhaps_o rather_o from_o the_o anglo-saxon_n heage_n sid_n i._n e._n a_o high_a time_n or_o high_a day_n other_o that_o think_v the_o name_n respect_v the_o contempt_n that_o the_o dane_n now_o lie_v under_o among_o 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historiarum_fw-la libro_fw-la 6._o sub_fw-la initium_fw-la express_o say_v be_v on_o the_o feast_n of_o st._n brice_n i._n e._n the_o 13_o of_o november_n that_o it_o be_v former_o observe_v on_o tuesday_n not_o only_a mr._n lambard_n ut_fw-la supra_fw-la but_o matthew_n paris_n also_o give_v we_o testimony_n et_fw-la post_fw-la diem_fw-la martis_n quae_fw-la vulgariter_fw-la hoke-day_n appellatur_fw-la factum_fw-la est_fw-la parliamentum_fw-la londini_fw-la &c_n &c_n 963._o &c_n matth._n paris_n in_o an._n 1258._o edit_n wats_n p_o 963._o and_o yet_o the_o same_o matthew_n paris_n in_o another_o place_n make_v it_o to_o fall_v on_o the_o quinsieme_n of_o easter_n in_o quindena_fw-la paschae_fw-la quae_fw-la vulgariter_fw-la hoke-day_n appellatur_fw-la convenerunt_fw-la londini_fw-la &c_n &c_n 904._o &c_n idem_fw-la in_o an._n 1255._o edit_n wats_n p._n 904._o which_o must_v needs_o be_v monday_n and_o the_o very_a same_o day_n it_o be_v observe_v here_o at_o oxford_n in_o our_o time_n 27._o in_o so_o much_o that_o i_o once_o think_v they_o may_v ancient_o as_o well_o as_o now_o observe_v two_o hock-day_n one_o for_o the_o woman_n and_o another_o for_o the_o man_n but_o that_o i_o find_v the_o same_o matthew_n paris_n to_o mention_v the_o monday_n before_o hoke-tuesday_n and_o not_o call_v it_o a_o hock-day_n at_o all_o viz._n anno_fw-la 1252._o where_n mention_v king_n henry_n the_o three_o take_v on_o he_o the_o crusado_n he_o say_v he_o do_v it_o die_v lunae_n quae_fw-la ipsum_fw-la diem_fw-la proxime_fw-la praecedit_fw-la quem_fw-la hoke-day_n appellamus_fw-la 834._o appellamus_fw-la matth._n paris_n edit_n wats_n p._n 834._o however_o it_o be_v then_o it_o be_v most_o certain_a that_o now_o we_o observe_v two_o of_o they_o here_o on_o monday_n for_o the_o woman_n which_o be_v much_o the_o more_o solemn_a and_o tuesday_n for_o the_o man_n which_o be_v very_o inconsiderable_a and_o yet_o neither_o of_o these_o perhaps_o be_v the_o die_v martis_n ligatoria_fw-la whatever_o sir_n henry_n spelman_n may_v think_v verbo_fw-la think_v vid._n spelman_n glossarium_fw-la in_o verbo_fw-la whereon_o man_n and_o woman_n use_v to_o bind_v one_o another_o that_o be_v now_o celebrate_v in_o some_o part_n of_o england_n on_o shrove_n tuesday_n much_o less_o the_o same_o with_o the_o feast_n of_o st._n blaze_v as_o minsheu_o verbo_fw-la minsheu_o minsh_fw-mi 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d in_o verbo_fw-la think_v when_o country_n woman_n go_v about_o and_o make_v good_a cheer_n and_o if_o they_o find_v any_o of_o their_o neighbor-woman_n a_o spin_v set_v their_o distaff_n on_o fire_n that_o feast_n be_v celebrate_v on_o the_o three_o of_o february_n and_o in_o all_o probability_n upon_o some_o other_o ground_n 28._o among_o thing_n of_o this_o nature_n i_o think_v we_o may_v also_o reckon_v a_o ancient_a custom_n of_o the_o royalty_n of_o ensham_n where_o it_o be_v former_o allow_v to_o the_o towns-people_n on_o whit-monday_n to_o cut_v down_o and_o bring_v 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still_o be_v in_o the_o power_n of_o a_o malicious_a churchwarden_n to_o
ever_o do_v as_o it_o be_v manifold_a odds_o they_o never_o will_v in_o all_o probability_n it_o be_v invent_v here_o at_o oxford_n where_o he_o make_v the_o rest_n of_o his_o affrightening_n experiment_n and_o that_o out_o of_o his_o work_n constantinus_n ancklitzen_n of_o friburg_n 18._o friburg_n vid._n guid._n pancirolli_n rer_n memoral_a recens_fw-la invent._n part_n 2._o tit_n 18._o or_o bertholdus_n swartz_n finem_fw-la swartz_n with_fw-mi steph._n forcatulum_n i._n c._n de_fw-fr gallorum_n imperio_fw-la &_o philosoph_n lib_n 4._o sub_fw-la finem_fw-la and_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o improver_n in_o all_o likelihood_n may_v have_v their_o pretend_a invention_n though_o we_o allow_v he_o not_o quite_o so_o explicit_a as_o in_o the_o copy_n of_o the_o reverend_n and_o learned_a dr._n langbain_n but_o that_o as_o it_o be_v conjecture_v by_o dr._n dee_n parisiensem_fw-la dee_n dr._n dees_n annotation_n in_o epist_n ad_fw-la parisiensem_fw-la he_o somewhat_o conceal_v his_o invention_n in_o the_o word_n aliis_fw-la well_o know_v it_o may_v be_v dangerous_o destructive_a to_o mankind_n 42._o as_o for_o water-work_n invent_v or_o improve_v in_o this_o county_n some_o concern_v profit_n and_o other_o only_a pleasure_n of_o the_o first_o sort_n be_v a_o instrument_n of_o sir_n christopher_n wren_n that_o measure_v the_o quantity_n of_o rain_n that_o fall_v which_o as_o soon_o as_o it_o be_v full_a empty_v itself_o so_o that_o at_o the_o year_n end_n it_o be_v easy_a to_o compute_v how_o much_o have_v fall_v on_o such_o a_o quantity_n of_o ground_n for_o all_o that_o time_n and_o this_o he_o contrive_v in_o order_n to_o the_o discovery_n of_o the_o theory_n of_o spring_n exhalation_n etc._n etc._n and_o second_o other_o instrument_n whereby_o he_o have_v show_v the_o geometrical_a mechanie_n of_o row_v viz._n that_o the_o oar_n move_v upon_o its_o thowle_n as_o a_o vectis_fw-la on_o a_o yield_a fulcrum_fw-la and_o find_v out_o what_o degree_n of_o impediment_n the_o expansion_n of_o a_o body_n to_o be_v move_v in_o a_o liquid_a medium_n ordinary_o produce_v in_o all_o proportion_n with_o several_a other_o matter_n in_o order_n for_o lay_v down_o the_o geometry_n of_o sail_v swim_v row_v and_o the_o fabric_n of_o ship_n finem_fw-la ship_n history_n of_o the_o royal_a society_n part._n 2._o sub_fw-la finem_fw-la 43._o hither_o also_o belong_v the_o lock_n and_o turn-pike_n make_v upon_o the_o river_n isis_n the_o 21_o of_o king_n james_n when_o it_o be_v make_v navigable_a from_o oxford_n to_o bercot_n which_o be_v absolute_o necessary_a for_o that_o purpose_n on_o shallow_a river_n that_o have_v also_o great_a fall_n to_o keep_v up_o the_o water_n and_o give_v the_o vessel_n a_o easy_a descent_n for_o the_o first_o whereof_o provide_v the_o fall_n of_o water_n be_v not_o great_a a_o lock_n will_v suffice_v which_o be_v make_v up_o only_o of_o bar_n of_o wood_n call_v rhymer_n set_v perpendicular_o to_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o passage_n which_o be_v more_o or_o less_o according_a to_o its_o breadth_n and_o lock-gate_n put_v down_o between_o every_o two_o of_o they_o or_o board_n put_v athwart_o they_o which_o will_v keep_v a_o head_n of_o water_n as_o well_o as_o the_o turn-pike_n for_o the_o passage_n of_o a_o barge_n but_o must_v be_v all_o pull_v up_o at_o its_o arrival_n and_o the_o water_n let_v go_v till_o there_o be_v a_o abatement_n of_o the_o fall_n before_o the_o boat_n may_v pass_v either_o down_n or_o upward_o which_o with_o the_o stream_n be_v not_o without_o violent_a precipitation_n and_o against_o it_o at_o many_o place_n not_o without_o the_o help_n of_o a_o capstain_v at_o land_n and_o sometime_o neither_o of_o they_o without_o imminent_a danger_n 44._o but_o where_o the_o declivity_n of_o the_o channel_n and_o fall_v of_o water_n be_v so_o great_a that_o few_o barge_n can_v live_v in_o the_o passage_n of_o they_o there_o we_o have_v turn-pike_n whereof_o there_o be_v three_o between_o oxford_n and_o bercot_n one_o at_o ifley_n another_o at_o sanford_n and_o a_o three_o at_o culham_n in_o the_o swift-ditch_n which_o be_v cut_v at_o that_o time_n when_o the_o river_n be_v make_v navigable_a and_o be_v all_o thus_o contrive_v first_o there_o be_v place_v a_o great_a pair_n of_o fold_v door_n or_o floodgate_n of_o timber_n across_o the_o river_n that_o open_a against_o the_o stream_n and_o shut_v with_o it_o not_o so_o as_o to_o come_v even_o in_o a_o straight_a line_n but_o in_o a_o obtuse_a angle_n the_o better_a to_o resist_v and_o bear_v the_o weight_n of_o the_o water_n which_o by_o how_o much_o the_o great_a it_o be_v by_o so_o much_o the_o close_a be_v the_o gate_n press_v in_o each_o of_o which_o floodgate_n there_o be_v a_o sluice_n to_o let_v the_o water_n through_o at_o pleasure_n without_o open_v the_o gate_n themselves_o within_o these_o there_o be_v a_o large_a square_n take_v out_o of_o the_o river_n build_v up_o at_o each_o side_n with_o freestone_n big_a enough_o to_o receive_v the_o large_a barge_n afloat_o and_o at_o the_o other_o end_n another_o pair_n of_o floodgate_n open_v and_o shut_v and_o have_v sluice_n like_o the_o former_a which_o be_v the_o whole_a fabric_n of_o a_o turn-pike_n 45._o at_o the_o uppermost_a pair_n of_o these_o gate_n the_o water_n be_v stop_v which_o raise_v it_o in_o the_o river_n above_o and_o give_v the_o vessel_n passage_n over_o the_o shallows_o which_o when_o come_v to_o the_o turn-pike_n the_o sluice_n be_v first_o open_v and_o the_o water_n let_v in_o to_o the_o square_a or_o enclose_a space_n between_o the_o two_o pair_n of_o gate_n where_o it_o must_v necessary_o rise_v the_o low_a gate_n be_v shut_v till_o at_o length_n it_o come_v to_o be_v level_a with_o the_o surface_n of_o the_o river_n above_o when_o this_o be_v do_v the_o upper_a stream_n than_o make_v no_o such_o pressure_n on_o the_o gate_n as_o before_o they_o be_v easy_o open_v by_o two_o or_o three_o man_n and_o the_o vessel_n let_v in_o one_o at_o a_o time_n which_o do_v they_o shut_v those_o upper_a gate_n and_o sluice_n as_o before_o then_o they_o open_v the_o sluice_n of_o the_o gate_n at_o the_o other_o end_n of_o the_o turn-pike_n and_o let_v the_o water_n by_o degree_n out_o of_o the_o enclose_a square_a till_o it_o be_v sink_v down_o and_o the_o vessel_n with_o it_o level_v with_o the_o river_n below_o and_o then_o open_a the_o gate_n themselves_o and_o let_v the_o vessel_n out_o the_o upper_a gate_n all_o the_o while_n be_v drive_v too_o and_o keep_v so_o fast_o by_o the_o water_n above_o that_o little_a of_o it_o can_v follow_v and_o thus_o the_o boat_n go_v down_o stream_n 46._o but_o when_o they_o return_v they_o be_v first_o let_v into_o the_o enclose_a space_n where_o the_o water_n stand_v constant_o level_a with_o that_o of_o the_o low_a channel_n at_o the_o low_a gate_n which_o as_o soon_o as_o shut_v again_o the_o sluice_n be_v open_v at_o the_o uppermost_a gate_n and_o the_o water_n let_v in_o till_o it_o rise_v with_o the_o boat_n upon_o it_o to_o be_v equal_a with_o that_o of_o the_o river_n above_o this_o do_v the_o upper_a gate_n be_v easy_o open_v as_o before_o there_o be_v no_o pressure_n upon_o they_o and_o the_o boat_n let_v out_o so_o that_o notwithstanding_o the_o channel_n have_v much_o steep_a descent_n where_o these_o turn-pike_n be_v set_v than_o at_o any_o of_o the_o lock_n yet_o the_o boat_n pass_v at_o these_o with_o much_o more_o ease_n and_o safety_n notwithstanding_o these_o provision_n the_o river_n thames_n be_v not_o make_v so_o perfect_o navigable_a to_o oxford_n but_o that_o in_o dry_a time_n barge_n do_v sometime_o lie_v aground_o three_o week_n or_o a_o month_n or_o more_o as_o we_o have_v have_v sad_a experience_n this_o last_o summer_n which_o in_o great_a measure_n no_o doubt_n may_v be_v prevent_v be_v there_o a_o convenient_a number_n of_o lock_n or_o hold_v for_o water_n make_v in_o the_o river_n cherwel_o above_o oxford_n to_o let_v down_o flash_n as_o occasion_n shall_v serve_v and_o so_o again_o out_o of_o the_o river_n kennet_n near_o read_v the_o lodden_n etc._n etc._n 47._o not_o impertinent_a hereunto_o be_v a_o contrivance_n for_o fishpond_n that_o i_o meet_v with_o at_o the_o right_n worshipful_a sir_n philip_n harcourt_n at_o stanton_n harcourt_n where_o the_o stew_n not_o only_o feed_v one_o another_o as_o the_o pond_n of_o the_o right_n honourable_a the_o earl_n of_o clarendon_n at_o cornbury_n sir_n timothy_n tyrril_n at_o shot-over-forrest_n and_o the_o worshipful_a brome_n whorwoods_n at_o holton_n etc._n etc._n and_o may_v be_v sew_v by_o let_v the_o water_n of_o the_o upper_a pond_n out_o into_o the_o low_a but_o by_o a_o side_n ditch_n cut_v along_o by_o they_o and_o sluice_n out_o of_o each_o may_v be_v any_o of_o they_o empty_v without_o let_v the_o water_n into_o
the_o grot._n 21._o the_o window_n of_o the_o banqueting-room_n 22._o the_o grove_n and_o walk_n behind_o and_o on_o each_o end_n of_o the_o building_n 53._o be_v now_o come_v down_o into_o the_o grot_n by_o the_o passage_n 18_o tab_n 11._o and_o land_v at_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o stair_n tab._n 12._o a._n on_o a_o large_a half_a pace_n before_o it_o bb_n the_o rock_n present_v itself_o make_v up_o of_o large_a craggy_a stone_n with_o great_a cavity_n between_o they_o ccc_o etc._n etc._n out_o of_o which_o flow_v water_n perpetual_o night_n and_o day_n dash_v against_o the_o rock_n below_o and_o that_o in_o great_a plenty_n in_o the_o dry_v season_n though_o feed_v only_o with_o a_o single_a spring_n rise_v in_o a_o piece_n of_o ground_n call_v ramsall_n between_o enston_n and_o ludston_n the_o natural_a rock_n be_v about_o 10_o foot_n high_a and_o so_o many_o in_o breadth_n some_o few_o shelf_n of_o lead_n d_o d_o and_o the_o top_n stone_n only_o have_v be_v add_v easy_o to_o be_v distinguish_v by_o their_o dryness_n which_o have_v advance_v it_o in_o all_o about_o 14_o foot_n high_a 54._o in_o the_o half_a pace_n just_a before_o the_o compartment_n e_o e_o e_o upon_o turn_v one_o of_o the_o cock_n at_o f_z rises_z a_o chequer_n hedge_n of_o water_n as_o they_o call_v it_o g_o g_o g_o g_o and_o upon_o turn_v another_o the_o two_o side_n column_n of_o water_n h_z h_z which_o rise_v not_o above_o the_o height_n of_o the_o natural_a rock_n and_o of_o a_o three_o the_o middle_a column_n i_o which_o ascend_v into_o the_o turn_n of_o the_o arch_n and_o return_v not_o again_o be_v receive_v into_o hide_a pipe_n provide_v for_o that_o purpose_n into_o one_o whereof_o terminate_v in_o a_o very_a small_a cistern_n of_o water_n behind_o a_o stone_n of_o the_o rock_n and_o have_v a_o mouth_n and_o languet_fw-la just_a above_o its_o surface_n the_o air_n be_v force_v into_o it_o by_o the_o approach_n of_o the_o water_n a_o noise_n be_v make_v near_o resemble_v the_o note_n of_o a_o nightingale_n but_o when_o that_o pipe_n be_v fill_v there_o be_v then_o no_o more_o sing_v till_o the_o water_n have_v pass_v away_o by_o another_o pipe_n in_o the_o low_a part_n of_o the_o rock_n which_o when_o almost_o do_v there_o be_v hear_v a_o noise_n somewhat_o like_o the_o sound_n of_o a_o drum_n perform_v by_o the_o rush_n in_o of_o air_n into_o the_o hollow_a of_o the_o pipe_n which_o be_v large_a and_o of_o copper_n to_o supply_v the_o place_n of_o the_o water_n now_o almost_o go_v out_o which_o do_v the_o nightingale_n may_v be_v make_v to_o sing_v again_o tab_n 12._o ad_fw-la pag._n 238._o to_o the_o most_o illustrious_a lady_n the_o lady_n charlotte_n countess_n of_o lichfield_n viscountess_n quarrendon_n &_o baroness_n of_o spelsbury_n etc._n etc._n this_o 12._o table_n show_v the_o interior_a prospect_n of_o eâ—ston_n water-work_n with_o the_o great_a devotion_n be_v humble_o consecrate_a by_o r.p._n l_o l.d._n burgher_n sculpsit_fw-la 56._o to_o these_o succeed_v the_o art_n relate_v to_o earth_n which_o either_o respect_n the_o tillage_n or_o formation_n of_o they_o how_o many_o sort_n of_o soil_n i_o meet_v with_o in_o oxfordshire_n viz._n clay_n chalk_n and_o other_o from_o their_o different_a mixture_n call_v maum_n red-land_n sour-ground_n stone-brass_n stony_n sandy_n and_o gravelly_a be_v enumerate_v among_o earth_n chap._n 3._o it_o remain_v that_o we_o here_o give_v a_o particular_a account_n by_o what_o art_n they_o be_v till_v to_o the_o best_a advantage_n and_o first_o of_o clay_n 57_o which_o if_o kind_n for_o wheat_n as_o most_o of_o it_o be_v have_v its_o first_o tillage_n about_o the_o begin_n of_o may_n or_o as_o soon_o as_o barley_n season_n be_v over_o and_o be_v call_v the_o fallow_a which_o they_o sometime_o make_v by_o a_o cast_a tilth_n i._n e._n beginning_n at_o the_o out_o side_n of_o the_o land_n and_o lay_v the_o earth_n from_o the_o ridge_n at_o the_o top_n after_o this_o some_o short_a time_n before_o the_o second_o tilth_n which_o they_o call_v stir_v which_o be_v usual_o perform_v about_o the_o latter_a end_n of_o june_n or_o beginning_n of_o july_n they_o give_v this_o land_n its_o manure_n which_o if_o horse-dung_n or_o sheeps-dung_n or_o any_o other_o from_o the_o home-stall_n or_o from_o the_o mixen_n in_o the_o field_n be_v bring_v and_o spread_v on_o the_o land_n just_a before_o this_o second_o plough_v but_o if_o it_o be_v fold_v which_o be_v a_o excellent_a manure_n for_o this_o land_n and_o seldom_o fail_v send_v a_o crop_n according_o if_o the_o land_n be_v in_o tillage_n they_o do_v it_o either_o in_o winter_n before_o the_o fallow_a or_o in_o summer_n after_o it_o be_v fallowed_a and_o these_o be_v the_o manure_n of_o clay_n land_n in_o the_o great_a part_n of_o oxford-shire_n only_o in_o and_o near_o the_o chiltern_n where_o beside_o these_o it_o be_v much_o enrich_v by_o a_o soft_a mellow_a chalk_n that_o they_o dig_v from_o underneath_o it_o when_o it_o be_v stir_v it_o lie_v again_o till_o the_o time_n of_o sow_a wheat_n except_o in_o a_o moist_a drip_a year_n when_o run_v to_o thistle_n and_o other_o weed_n they_o sometime_o give_v it_o a_o second_o stir_v before_o the_o last_o for_o sow_v 58._o all_o which_o tillage_n they_o be_v very_o careful_a to_o give_v it_o as_o dry_a as_o may_v be_v ridge_n it_o up_o twice_o or_o thrice_o for_o every_o cast_a tilth_n i._n e._n in_o their_o stir_n and_o for_o sow_v begin_v at_o the_o top_n of_o the_o land_n and_o lay_v the_o earth_n still_o upward_o to_o the_o ridge_n by_o which_o mean_v both_o land_n and_o corn_n lie_v dry_a warm_a and_o healthy_a and_o the_o succeed_a crop_n become_v more_o free_a from_o weed_n after_o it_o be_v thus_o prepare_v they_o sow_v it_o with_o wheat_n which_o be_v its_o proper_a grain_n and_o if_o it_o be_v a_o strong_a stiff_a clay_n with_o that_o they_o call_v cone-wheat_n and_o the_o next_o year_n after_o it_o be_v account_v advantageous_a in_o all_o tillage_n to_o change_v the_o grain_n with_o bean_n and_o then_o plough_v in_o the_o bean-brush_n at_o all-saint_n the_o next_o year_n with_o barley_n and_o among_o the_o several_a sort_n of_o that_o grain_n if_o the_o land_n be_v rank_n with_o that_o they_o call_v sprat-bar_o and_o then_o the_o four_o year_n it_o lie_v fallow_a when_o they_o give_v it_o summer_n tilth_n again_o and_o sow_v it_o with_o winter_n corn_n as_o before_o but_o at_o most_o place_n where_o their_o land_n be_v cast_v into_o three_o field_n it_o lie_v fallow_a in_o course_n every_o three_o year_n and_o be_v sow_o but_o two_o the_o first_o with_o wheat_n if_o the_o land_n be_v good_a but_o if_o mean_a with_o miscellan_o and_o the_o other_o with_o barley_n and_o pulse_n promiscuous_o and_o at_o some_o place_n where_o it_o lie_v out_o of_o their_o hitch_v i._n e._n their_o land_n for_o pulse_n they_o sow_v it_o but_o every_o second_o year_n and_o there_o usual_o two_o crop_n wheat_n and_o the_o three_o barley_n always_o be_v careful_a to_o lay_v it_o up_o by_o ridge_n against_o winter_n clay_n land_n require_v to_o be_v keep_v high_a and_o to_o lie_v warm_a and_o dry_a still_o allow_v for_o wheat_n and_o barley_n three_o plowing_n and_o sometime_o four_o but_o for_o other_o grain_n seldom_o more_o than_o one_o when_o at_o any_o time_n they_o sow_v pea_n on_o this_o land_n the_o best_a husbandman_n will_v choose_v the_o vale-gray_a as_o most_o proper_a for_o it_o and_o if_o vetch_n the_o gore_n or_o pebble-vetch_a but_o if_o so_o cold_a a_o weep_a clay_n that_o unfit_a for_o these_o than_o they_o improve_v it_o with_o ray-grass_n 59_o as_o for_o the_o chalk-land_n of_o the_o chiltern-hill_n though_o it_o require_v not_o to_o be_v lay_v in_o ridge_n in_o respect_n of_o dryness_n yet_o of_o warmth_n it_o do_v when_o design_v for_o wheat_n which_o be_v but_o seldom_o they_o give_v it_o the_o same_o tillage_n with_o clay_n only_o lay_v it_o in_o four_o or_o six_o furrow_a land_n and_o soil_v it_o with_o the_o best_a mould_n or_o dung_n but_o half_a rot_a to_o keep_v it_o from_o bind_v which_o be_v its_o most_o proper_a manure_n and_o so_o for_o common_a barley_n and_o winter_n vetch_n with_o which_o it_o be_v much_o more_o frequent_o sow_o these_o be_v find_v the_o more_o suitable_a grain_n but_o if_o it_o be_v of_o that_o poor_a sort_n they_o call_v whiteland_n nothing_o be_v so_o proper_a as_o ray-grass_n mix_v with_o non-such_a or_o melilot_n trefoil_n according_a as_o prescribe_v in_o chap._n 6._o §_o 33._o 60._o if_o the_o land_n be_v of_o that_o sort_n they_o call_v maumy_a consist_v of_o a_o mixture_n of_o white-clay_n and_o chalk_n and_o somewhat_o of_o sand_n which_o cause_v it_o to_o work_v so_o short_a if_o any_o
stony_a land_n whereof_o there_o be_v but_o little_a can_v be_v proper_o so_o call_v but_o in_o the_o chiltern_n country_n they_o give_v it_o for_o wheat_n pea_n and_o barley_n much_o the_o same_o tillage_n and_o manure_v they_o do_v clay_n in_o other_o place_n add_v the_o advantage_n of_o chalk_v it_o which_o they_o have_v not_o elsewhere_o for_o their_o clay_n ground_n by_o which_o they_o much_o enrich_v it_o for_o some_o year_n so_o that_o it_o bear_v excellent_a wheat_n barley_n pease_n of_o which_o last_o those_o they_o call_v hampshire-kid_n if_o the_o land_n be_v new_o chalk_v be_v count_v most_o agreeable_a where_o by_o the_o way_n let_v it_o be_v note_v that_o i_o say_v but_o for_o some_o year_n for_o when_o once_o the_o manure_n by_o chalk_n be_v wear_v out_o the_o land_n be_v scarce_o recoverable_a by_o any_o other_o whence_o it_o be_v proverbial_a here_o as_o well_o as_o some_o other_o part_n of_o england_n that_o chalk_v land_n make_v a_o rich_a father_n but_o a_o poor_a son_n thereby_o intimate_v the_o ruin_n of_o the_o land_n in_o the_o end_n it_o become_v at_o last_o only_o fit_a for_o ray-grass_n mix_v with_o trefoil_n as_o above_o 68_o last_o their_o sandy_a and_o gravelly_a light_a ground_n have_v also_o much_o the_o same_o tillage_n for_o wheat_n and_o barley_n as_o clay_n etc._n etc._n only_o they_o require_v many_o time_n but_o two_o ploughing_n especial_o if_o for_o wheat_n except_o the_o fallow_a be_v run_v much_o to_o weed_n and_o then_o indeed_o they_o sometime_o afford_v it_o a_o stir_v else_o none_o at_o all_o it_o be_v most_o agreeable_a grain_n be_v white_z red_z and_o mix_v lammas_n wheat_v and_o miscellan_o i._n e._n wheat_n and_o rye_n together_o and_o then_o after_o a_o year_n fallow_a common_a or_o rathe-ripe_a barley_n so_o that_o it_o general_o lie_v still_o every_o other_o year_n it_o be_v unfit_a for_o hitch_v i._n e._n bean_n and_o pea_n though_o they_o sometime_o sow_v it_o with_o winter_n vetch_n and_o if_o ever_o with_o pea_n the_o small_a rathe-ripes_a be_v account_v the_o best_a it_o be_v most_o agreeable_a manure_n be_v of_o straw_n from_o the_o close_a or_o mixen_n half_o rot_v which_o keep_v it_o open_a and_o suffer_v it_o not_o to_o bind_v too_o much_o where_o subject_a to_o it_o but_o if_o otherwise_o the_o rotten_a dung_n be_v the_o best_a 69._o whereof_o as_o upon_o all_o other_o land_n before_o mention_v they_o lie_v about_o 12_o load_n upon_o a_o common_a field_n acre_n i._n e._n about_o 20_o upon_o a_o statute_n acre_n but_o i_o find_v the_o business_n of_o manure_a land_n to_o have_v a_o great_a latitude_n man_n do_v it_o here_o many_o time_n not_o according_a to_o their_o judgement_n but_o according_a to_o the_o quantity_n they_o have_v so_o that_o where_o the_o quantity_n of_o manure_n be_v but_o small_a and_o the_o tillage_n be_v great_a the_o case_n be_v much_o otherwise_o than_o where_o both_o tillage_n and_o manure_n be_v in_o a_o contrary_a condition_n but_o however_o the_o case_n stand_v i_o find_v this_o a_o general_a rule_n among_o they_o that_o they_o always_o soil_v that_o land_n first_o and_o best_a which_o be_v to_o bear_v three_o crop_n one_o on_o the_o tillage_n another_o of_o bean_n and_o pea_n and_o a_o three_o of_o barley_n on_o the_o bean_n or_o pea_n brush_v all_o which_o depend_v upon_o the_o single_a manure_n give_v it_o when_o it_o lay_v fallow_a for_o wheat_n though_o i_o have_v know_v this_o order_n frequent_o invert_v by_o the_o best_a husbandman_n on_o their_o rich_a land_n sow_v barley_n first_o than_o pease_n or_o bean_n and_o their_o wheat_n last_o for_o which_o they_o allege_v this_o very_a good_a reason_n that_o wheat_n follow_v the_o dung_n cart_n on_o their_o best_a land_n be_v the_o more_o liable_a to_o smut_v 70._o and_o so_o much_o for_o the_o ordinary_a manure_n of_o this_o county_n there_o be_v two_o other_o yet_o behind_o viz._n chip_n of_o stone_n and_o woollen_a rag_n not_o altogether_o so_o common_a which_o i_o have_v therefore_o think_v fit_a to_o consider_v apart_o the_o first_o whereof_o i_o meet_v with_o at_o hornton_n near_o banbury_n where_o the_o chip_n of_o the_o stone_n they_o hew_v at_o their_o quarry_n prove_v a_o very_a good_a manure_n for_o their_o ground_n thereabouts_o and_o be_v according_o make_v use_v of_o by_o reason_n no_o doubt_n of_o a_o salt_n that_o stone_n hold_v which_o be_v dissolve_v by_o the_o weather_n be_v imbibe_v by_o the_o earth_n as_o hint_v before_o in_o chap._n 4._o of_o this_o essay_n 71._o the_o 2_o sort_n i_o first_o observe_v about_o watlington_n and_o the_o two_o britwel_n where_o they_o strew_v they_o on_o their_o land_n with_o good_a success_n &_o i_o have_v hear_v since_o of_o several_a other_o place_n where_o they_o do_v the_o same_o to_o this_o purpose_n they_o purchase_v tailor_n shred_n which_o yet_o retain_v somewhat_o of_o the_o salt_n of_o the_o fulling-earth_n with_o which_o they_o be_v dress_v do_v well_o enough_o but_o i_o judge_v they_o not_o so_o good_a as_o other_o old_a rag_n first_o wear_v by_o man_n and_o woman_n which_o must_v needs_o beside_o be_v very_o well_o sate_v with_o urinous_a salt_n contract_v from_o the_o sweat_n and_o continual_a perspiration_n attend_v their_o body_n and_o in_o this_o opinion_n i_o be_o confirm_v by_o sanct._n sanctorius_n who_o be_v positive_a that_o our_o insensible_a evacuation_n transcend_v all_o our_o sensible_a one_o put_v together_o 4._o together_o s._n sanctorii_n medicinae_fw-la staticae_fw-la lib._n 1._o sect_n 1._o aphorism_n 4._o to_o that_o excess_n that_o of_o eight_o pound_n weight_n of_o meat_n and_o drink_n be_v take_v by_o a_o man_n in_o one_o day_n his_o insensible_a transpiration_n use_v to_o amount_v to_o five_o 6._o five_o ibid_fw-la aphorism_n 6._o now_o if_o so_o our_o clothes_n must_v needs_o be_v so_o fill_v with_o a_o well_o rectify_v salt_n leave_v behind_o in_o the_o percolation_n of_o the_o steam_n of_o our_o body_n that_o there_o can_v be_v nothing_o more_o rational_a if_o well_o consider_v then_o that_o they_o shall_v be_v a_o very_a fit_a manure_n for_o land_n when_o unfit_a for_o other_o use_n 72._o as_o to_o the_o quantity_n of_o corn_n sow_o on_o the_o statute_n acre_n they_o differ_v much_o in_o proportion_n to_o the_o richness_n or_o meanness_n of_o the_o land_n about_o two_o bushel_n of_o wheat_n and_o vetch_n two_o bushel_n and_o ½_n of_o barley_n oat_n and_o pease_n and_o a_o quarter_n of_o bean_n suffice_v the_o poor_a whereas_o the_o rich_a land_n will_v take_v up_o three_o bushel_n or_o more_o of_o wheat_n or_o vetch_n three_o bushel_n and_o ½_n or_o upward_o of_o barley_n oat_n pea_n and_o sometime_o six_o bushel_n of_o bean_n yet_o i_o have_v know_v some_o able_a husbandman_n afford_v more_o seed_n to_o their_o poor_a than_o rich_a land_n give_v this_o reason_n that_o the_o seed_n in_o the_o rich_a do_v tillar_n i._n e._n sprout_n into_o several_a blade_n and_o spread_v on_o the_o ground_n whereas_o on_o the_o poor_a land_n its_o sprout_n come_v all_o single_a which_o therefore_o say_v they_o require_v the_o more_o seed_n 73._o in_o the_o choice_n of_o their_o seed_n they_o have_v a_o double_a respect_n first_o to_o the_o grain_n itself_o and_o second_o to_o the_o land_n it_o grow_v on_o as_o to_o the_o first_o they_o take_v care_n that_o it_o be_v clear_a of_o all_o manner_n of_o seed_n that_o it_o be_v handsome_a round_a corn_n of_o a_o equal_a cize_n which_o some_o of_o they_o call_v even_o shoot_v corn_n or_o well_o breasted_a such_o corn_n be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n full_a of_o kernel_n and_o the_o likely_a to_o give_v strong_a root_n and_o in_o respect_n of_o the_o soil_n they_o constant_o choose_v corn_n that_o grow_v on_o land_n of_o a_o quite_o different_a nature_n from_o that_o it_o be_v to_o be_v sow_o on_o but_o in_o general_a they_o desire_v it_o from_o land_n that_o be_v well_o in_o heart_n and_o rich_a in_o its_o kind_n if_o they_o be_v to_o sow_v wheat_n upon_o tillage_n they_o choose_v wheat_n sow_o before_o upon_o bean_n stub_n and_o when_o they_o sow_v upon_o pease_n or_o bean_n stub_n wheat_n sow_o before_o on_o tillage_n for_o clay_n ground_n they_o have_v their_o seed_n from_o red-land_n or_o chalk_n &_o vice_fw-la versa_fw-la for_o the_o other_o soil_n that_o from_o clay_n be_v esteem_v the_o best_a though_o that_o from_o red-land_n be_v little_a inferior_a for_o barley_n they_o count_v that_o best_a which_o come_v of_o new_a break_a laud_n and_o for_o the_o rest_n none_o so_o good_a as_o those_o that_o come_v from_o the_o rich_a soil_n 74._o before_o they_o sow_v if_o the_o place_n be_v subject_a to_o the_o annoyance_n of_o smut_a meldew_n bird_n etc._n etc._n they_o take_v care_n to_o prevent_v they_o either_o in_o the_o prepare_n or_o
and_o other_o fur_n of_o several_a beast_n etc._n etc._n the_o use_n they_o have_v for_o they_o be_v to_o apparel_n themselves_o with_o they_o their_o manner_n be_v to_o tear_v they_o into_o gown_n of_o about_o two_o yard_n long_o thrust_v their_o arm_n through_o two_o hole_n make_v for_o that_o purpose_n and_o so_o wrap_v the_o rest_n about_o they_o as_o we_o our_o loose_a coat_n our_o merchant_n have_v abuse_v they_o for_o many_o year_n with_o so_o false_a colour_n that_o they_o will_v not_o hold_v their_o gloss_n above_o a_o month_n wear_v but_o there_o be_v a_o ingenious_a person_n of_o witney_n that_o have_v improve_v they_o much_o of_o late_a by_o fix_v upon_o they_o a_o true_a blue_a dye_n have_v a_o eye_n of_o red_a whereof_o as_o soon_o as_o the_o indian_n shall_v be_v make_v sensible_a and_o the_o disturbance_n now_o among_o they_o over_o no_o doubt_n the_o trade_n in_o those_o will_v be_v much_o advance_v again_o 172._o of_o their_o best_a tail_n wool_n they_o make_v the_o blanket_n of_o 6_o quarter_n broad_a common_o call_v cut_n which_o serve_v seaman_n for_o their_o hammoc_n and_o of_o their_o worst_a they_o make_v wednel_n for_o collar-maker_n wrapper_n to_o pack_v their_o blancket_n in_o and_o tilt-cloth_n for_o bargeman_n they_o send_v all_o the_o sort_n of_o duffields_n and_o blanket_n weekly_a in_o wagon_n up_o to_o london_n which_o return_v lade_v with_o fell_a wool_n from_o leaden-hall_n and_o barnaby-street_n in_o southwark_n whether_o it_o be_v bring_v for_o this_o purpose_n from_o most_o place_n abovementioned_a oxford-shire_n and_o the_o adjacent_a county_n be_v not_o able_a to_o supply_v they_o 173._o there_o be_v also_o in_o this_o town_n a_o great_a many_o fell-monger_n out_o of_o who_o at_o the_o neighbour_a town_n of_o bampton_n there_o arise_v another_o considerable_a trade_n the_o fell-monger_n sheepskin_n after_o dress_v and_o strain_v be_v here_o make_v into_o ware_n viz._n jacket_n breeches_n leather_n lining_n etc._n etc._n which_o they_o chief_o vent_v into_o berk-shire_n wilt-shire_n and_o dorsetshire_n no_o town_n in_o england_n have_v a_o trade_n like_o it_o in_o that_o sort_n of_o ware_n 174._o which_o two_o trade_n of_o the_o town_n of_o witney_n and_o bampton_n be_v the_o most_o eminent_a that_o be_v too_o the_o most_o peculiar_a of_o this_o county_n the_o mault_a trade_n of_o oxford_n and_o henly_n on_o thames_n it_o be_v true_a be_v considerable_a and_o burford_n have_v be_v famous_a time_n out_o of_o mind_n for_o the_o make_n of_o saddle_n and_o so_o have_v oxford_n have_v the_o reputation_n of_o the_o best_a glove_n and_o knife_n of_o any_o place_n in_o england_n but_o these_o trade_n be_v not_o peculiar_a to_o the_o place_n where_o they_o be_v practise_v i_o therefore_o pass_v they_o by_o without_o further_a notice_n 175._o but_o the_o starch_n trade_n of_o oxford_n though_o indeed_o it_o be_v not_o great_a yet_o be_v practise_v in_o few_o place_n and_o the_o method_n know_v to_o few_o how_o it_o be_v make_v its_o discovery_n perhaps_o may_v be_v acceptable_a to_o some_o i_o shall_v not_o therefore_o stick_v to_o give_v a_o short_a account_n of_o it_o let_v they_o know_v therefore_o that_o the_o substance_n we_o common_o call_v starch_n notwithstanding_o its_o pure_a whiteness_n be_v make_v of_o the_o short_a and_o worst_a bran_n that_o they_o make_v in_o the_o meal_n shop_n worse_o than_o that_o they_o sell_v to_o carrier_n to_o feed_v their_o horse_n this_o they_o steep_v in_o a_o water_n prepare_v for_o that_o purpose_n by_o a_o solution_n at_o first_o of_o roch-alum_n about_o a_o pound_n to_o a_o hogshead_n which_o will_v last_v for_o ever_o after_o for_o ten_o or_o fourteen_o day_n in_o great_a tub_n then_o it_o be_v take_v and_o wash_v through_o a_o large_a osier_n basket_n over_o three_o other_o tub_n the_o sour_a water_n of_o the_o second_o tub_n wash_v it_o into_o the_o first_o and_o the_o sour_a water_n of_o the_o three_o into_o the_o second_o and_o clear_a water_n from_o the_o pump_n wash_v it_o into_o the_o three_o 176._o whereby_o the_o way_n it_o must_v be_v note_v that_o only_a pump_n water_n will_v serve_v the_o turn_n to_o give_v it_o this_o last_o wash_n and_o continue_v the_o water_n sourness_n for_o ever_o after_o by_o reason_n i_o suppose_v of_o the_o incisive_a particle_n of_o salt_n to_o be_v find_v in_o most_o pump_n water_n which_o be_v plain_a from_o their_o not_o take_v soap_n that_o be_v apt_a to_o work_v upon_o and_o separate_v the_o fine_a flower_n yet_o stick_v to_o the_o bran_n notwithstanding_o the_o mill_n and_o sieve_n which_o at_o last_o become_v starch_v 177._o what_o remain_v in_o the_o basket_n at_o last_o after_o the_o three_o wash_n be_v throw_v upon_o the_o dunghill_n which_o as_o they_o have_v find_v of_o late_a become_v a_o very_a good_a manure_n for_o meadow_n land_n and_o shall_v therefore_o have_v be_v mention_v in_o the_o 70_o §_o of_o this_o chapter_n among_o the_o uncommon_a manure_n and_o the_o fine_a flower_n thus_o wash_v from_o the_o bran_n be_v let_v stand_v again_o in_o its_o own_o water_n for_o about_o a_o week_n then_o be_v all_o settle_a at_o the_o bottom_n it_o be_v stir_v up_o again_o and_o fresh_a pump_n water_n add_v and_o strain_v from_o its_o smalle'â—â—_n bran_n through_o a_o lawn_n sieve_n which_o do_v they_o permit_v it_o to_o settle_v again_o which_o it_o do_v in_o one_o day_n and_o then_o they_o draw_v off_o the_o water_n from_o it_o all_o to_o a_o small_a matter_n then_o stand_v two_o day_n more_o it_o at_o last_o become_v so_o fix_v that_o with_o a_o burchen_a broom_n they_o sweep_v the_o water_n leave_v at_o the_o top_n which_o be_v a_o slimy_a kind_n of_o matter_n up_o and_o down_o upon_o it_o to_o cleanse_v it_o from_o filth_n and_o then_o pour_v it_o off_o they_o wash_v its_o surface_n yet_o clean_a by_o dash_v upon_o it_o a_o bucket_n of_o fair_a pump_n water_n 178._o which_o do_v they_o then_o cut_v it_o out_o of_o the_o tub_n in_o great_a piece_n with_o sharp_a trowel_n and_o box_n it_o up_o in_o trough_n have_v hole_n in_o the_o bottom_n to_o drain_v the_o water_n from_o it_o always_o put_v wet_a clothes_n between_o the_o wood_n and_o it_o for_o the_o more_o commodious_a take_n it_o out_o of_o the_o trough_n again_o to_o dry_v which_o they_o do_v within_o a_o day_n lay_v it_o first_o on_o cold_a brick_n for_o about_o two_o day_n which_o suck_v away_o a_o great_a deal_n of_o moisture_n from_o it_o and_o after_o over_o a_o baker_n oven_n four_o or_o five_o day_n together_o which_o will_v dry_v it_o sufficient_o if_o intend_v only_o to_o be_v ground_n to_o powder_v for_o hair_n as_o it_o be_v chief_o here_o but_o if_o intend_a to_o be_v sell_v as_o starch_v they_o then_o use_v a_o stove_n to_o give_v it_o the_o starch-grain_n which_o the_o oven_n will_v not_o do_v 179._o from_o the_o inferior_a i_o proceed_v to_o the_o superior_a art_n and_o science_n and_o other_o instrumental_a to_o they_o for_o in_o these_o too_o there_o have_v be_v many_o invention_n and_o improvement_n make_v in_o this_o university_n in_o enumeration_n whereof_o if_o we_o begin_v so_o low_a as_o the_o very_a element_n of_o speech_n we_o shall_v find_v that_o the_o reverend_n and_o learned_a dr._n wallis_n savilian_n professor_n of_o geometry_n here_o first_o observe_v and_o discover_v the_o physical_a or_o mechanical_a formation_n of_o all_o sound_n in_o speech_n as_o plain_o appear_v from_o his_o treatise_n de_fw-fr loquela_fw-la prefix_v to_o his_o grammar_n for_o the_o english_a tongue_n first_o publish_v in_o the_o year_n 1653._o 180._o in_o pursuance_n whereof_o he_o also_o find_v out_o a_o way_n whereby_o he_o have_v teach_v dumb_a person_n who_o be_v therefore_o dumb_a because_o deaf_a not_o only_o to_o understand_v what_o they_o read_v and_o by_o write_v to_o express_v their_o mind_n but_o also_o to_o speak_v and_o read_v intelligible_o according_a to_o direction_n for_o the_o artificial_a position_n and_o motion_n of_o the_o organ_n of_o speech_n and_o thereby_o also_o assist_v other_o who_o have_v speak_v very_o imperfect_o of_o which_o no_o more_o there_o be_v a_o particular_a account_n give_v by_o himself_o in_o our_o english_a philosophical_a transaction_n of_o july_n 18._o 1670_o 61._o 1670_o philosoph_n transact_v numb_a 61._o 181._o i_o know_v that_o the_o right_n reverend_a father_n in_o god_n john_n wilkins_n late_a lord_n bishop_n of_o chester_n have_v also_o lay_v down_o the_o distinct_a manner_n of_o form_v all_o sound_n in_o speech_n and_o show_v in_o sculpture_n which_o letter_n be_v labial_a lingual_n nasal_n etc._n etc._n and_o how_o the_o epiglottis_fw-la larynx_n aspera_fw-la arteria_fw-la and_o oesophagus_n conduce_v to_o they_o since_o he_o in_o the_o year_n 1669._o the_o reverend_n and_o ingenious_a william_n holder_n d.d._n publish_v a_o
finem_fw-la which_o i_o can_v not_o find_v out_o though_o i_o seek_v they_o diligent_o 3._o of_o british_a antiquity_n that_o be_v certain_o such_o i_o have_v meet_v with_o none_o here_o but_o some_o piece_n of_o their_o money_n whereof_o as_o much_o as_o i_o find_v not_o describe_v before_o i_o have_v cause_v to_o be_v delineate_v tab._n 15._o fig._n 19_o 20_o 21._o of_o which_o the_o first_o no_o doubt_n be_v a_o coin_n of_o king_n cunobelin_n a_o king_n here_o in_o britan_n at_o the_o time_n of_o the_o birth_n of_o our_o saviour_n christ_n it_o show_v a_o horse_n and_o his_o inscription_n on_o one_o side_n and_o a_o ear_n of_o corn_n and_o camv_n on_o the_o reverse_n intimate_v the_o place_n of_o its_o coinage_n to_o be_v camulodunum_n the_o royal_a city_n and_o seat_n of_o cunobelin_n 4._o camden_n it_o be_v true_a have_v describe_v a_o coin_n of_o the_o same_o king_n not_o differ_v in_o the_o reverse_n at_o all_o from_o this_o but_o the_o inscription_n of_o we_o vary_v from_o he_o in_o that_o the_o final_a letter_n o_o be_v not_o place_v in_o a_o line_n with_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o precede_a letter_n under_o the_o horse_n foot_n but_o just_a before_o his_o breast_n the_o horse_n have_v also_o a_o spica_fw-la or_o ear_n of_o corn_n or_o some_o such_o like_a thing_n place_v over_o his_o back_n fig._n 19_o which_o be_v not_o to_o be_v find_v in_o any_o of_o he_o this_o be_v dug_n up_o at_o wood-eaton_n this_o present_a year_n 1676._o near_o the_o house_n of_o the_o worshipful_a john_n nurse_n esq_n among_o old_a foundation_n and_o kind_o bestow_v on_o i_o by_o the_o same_o worthy_a person_n 5._o at_o the_o same_o time_n and_o place_n the_o small_z one_o next_z engrave_v fig._n 20._o be_v also_o dig_v up_o but_o whether_o of_o the_o same_o king_n or_o no_o do_v no_o where_n appear_v it_o have_v nothing_o upon_o it_o but_o somewhat_o like_o a_o chalice_n and_o a_o crooked_a lineation_n under_o which_o there_o be_v also_o a_o fork_a kind_n of_o figure_n and_o a_o small_a crescent_n unless_o the_o affirmative_a may_v be_v collect_v from_o the_o last_o of_o these_o the_o crescent_n be_v to_o be_v meet_v with_o on_o cunobelins_n money_n as_o be_v plain_a from_o mr._n camden_n and_o so_o on_o the_o money_n which_o he_o think_v carry_v the_o name_n of_o the_o city_n callena_n alias_o gallena_n now_o wallingford_n britan._n wallingford_n see_v camden_n general_a history_n of_o britan._n whereof_o though_o i_o can_v give_v no_o better_a account_n i_o however_o think_v fit_a to_o give_v a_o draught_n of_o it_o because_o possible_o it_o may_v meet_v with_o a_o reader_n that_o can_v 6._o but_o for_o the_o three_o that_o seem_v adorn_v with_o two_o face_n on_o the_o obverse_n and_o a_o ill_a shape_a horse_n and_o a_o wheel_n underneath_o he_o on_o the_o reverse_n fig._n 21._o dug_n up_o at_o little_a milton_n now_o in_o the_o possession_n of_o my_o reverend_n and_o learned_a friend_n mr._n obadiah_n walker_n the_o worthy_a master_n of_o university_n college_n i_o take_v notwithstanding_o the_o want_n of_o a_o inscription_n to_o be_v a_o coin_n of_o prasutagus_n king_n of_o the_o iceni_n mention_v by_o tacitus_n who_o out_o of_o hope_n of_o preserve_v his_o kingdom_n and_o house_n quiet_a after_o his_o death_n make_v the_o emperor_n nero_n and_o his_o two_o daughter_n coheir_n of_o his_o fortune_n and_o that_o the_o two_o face_n be_v of_o he_o and_o his_o valiant_a queen_n boodicia_n 31._o boodicia_n taciti_fw-la annalium_fw-la lib._n 14._o cap._n 31._o otherwise_o call_v by_o the_o same_o tacitus_n boudicea_n 35._o boudicea_n ibidem_fw-la cap._n 35._o and_o voadica_fw-la 16._o voadica_fw-la in_o libr._n tacit._n de_fw-fr julii_n agricolae_fw-la vita_fw-la cap._n 16._o who_o in_o revenge_n of_o she_o own_o daughter_n ill_a usage_n by_o the_o roman_n after_o the_o decease_n of_o her_o husband_n raise_v a_o army_n against_o they_o utter_o vanquish_v the_o nine_o legion_n sack_v camulodunum_n and_o verulam_n and_o slay_v no_o less_o than_o seventy_o thousand_o of_o they_o 33._o they_o taciti_fw-la annalium_fw-la lib._n 14._o cap._n 33._o 7._o and_o the_o ground_n of_o this_o conjecture_n i_o take_v from_o the_o reverse_n with_o the_o horse_n and_o wheel_n under_o he_o most_o time_n find_v on_o the_o coin_n of_o the_o same_o boodicia_n where_o her_o name_n be_v stamp_v on_o they_o as_o may_v be_v see_v both_o in_o mr._n camden_n and_o mr._n speed_n history_n by_o the_o horse_n and_o wheel_n intimate_v perhaps_o their_o great_a strength_n to_o lie_v in_o their_o esseda_n a_o sort_n of_o chariot_n much_o use_v by_o the_o britan_n in_o war_n as_o be_v testify_v by_o caesar_n 4._o caesar_n jul_n caesaris_fw-la comment_fw-fr de_fw-fr bello_fw-la gallico_n lib._n 4._o and_o particular_o by_o tacitus_n of_o this_o very_a boudicea_n viz._n that_o she_o be_v draw_v in_o a_o chariot_n with_o her_o daughter_n place_v before_o she_o 35._o she_o tacit._n annal._n lib._n 14._o c._n 35._o when_o she_o come_v to_o fight_v suetonius_n then_o propraetor_n of_o britan._n or_o else_o perhaps_o by_o this_o time_n have_v learn_v of_o the_o roman_n the_o necessity_n and_o convenience_n of_o make_v military_a way_n and_o other_o passage_n for_o carriage_n through_o the_o wood_n and_o marish_a ground_n in_o memory_n of_o the_o fact_n after_o the_o manner_n of_o the_o roman_n as_o may_v be_v see_v on_o the_o money_n of_o trajan_n hadrian_n hadriano_n hadrian_n vid._n ducis_fw-la croyiaci_n &_o arschotani_fw-la numismata_fw-la tab._n 36._o &_o levini_n hulsii_n imp._n rom._n numismatum_fw-la seriem_fw-la in_o hadriano_n etc._n etc._n they_o may_v put_v these_o horse_n and_o wheel_n on_o their_o coin_n 8._o which_o be_v all_o i_o know_v remarkable_a in_o these_o british_a piece_n but_o that_o they_o be_v all_o hollow_a to_o a_o concave_n on_o one_o side_n and_o convex_v on_o the_o other_o a_o concomitant_a of_o most_o if_o not_o all_o british_a coin_n and_o that_o they_o be_v all_o gold_n or_o at_o least_o electrum_n as_o most_o of_o the_o british_a money_n we_o now_o find_v be_v which_o be_v a_o sort_n of_o metal_n compound_v of_o gold_n and_o silver_n and_o this_o do_v either_o by_o nature_n or_o proportion_v by_o the_o artist_n that_o there_o be_v such_o a_o metal_n as_o natural_a electrum_n we_o have_v not_o only_o the_o testimony_n of_o pliny_n 4._o pliny_n nat._n hist_o lib._n 33._o c._n 4._o who_o say_v it_o be_v find_v common_o in_o trench_n and_o pit_n but_o of_o servius_n 204._o servius_n maur._n servii_fw-la honorat_fw-la comment_fw-fr in_o pub._n virgilii_n aeneid_n lib._n 8._o ad_fw-la v._o 204._o and_o st._n isidore_n bishop_n of_o sevil_n the_o latter_a whereof_o assert_n that_o the_o natural_a electrum_n be_v of_o great_a value_n quod_fw-la naturaliter_fw-la invenitur_fw-la in_o pretio_fw-la habetur_fw-la be_v his_o very_a word_n for_o that_o it_o be_v more_o pure_a than_o any_o other_o metal_n and_o that_o if_o poison_n be_v put_v into_o a_o vessel_n make_v of_o it_o it_o make_v a_o hiss_a sparkle_a noise_n as_o pliny_n also_o witness_n and_o cast_v itself_o into_o semicircle_n resemble_v rain-bow_n as_o well_o in_o colour_n as_o figure_n 23._o figure_n isidori_n epi._n hispalensis_n originum_n lib._n 16._o cap._n 23._o 9_o to_o which_o add_v the_o testimony_n of_o peter_n martyr_n a_o person_n of_o unquestionable_a credit_n and_o veracity_n who_o himself_o see_v a_o great_a piece_n of_o pure_a natural_a electrum_n so_o heavy_a that_o he_o be_v unable_a to_o move_v it_o one_o way_n or_o other_o much_o less_o to_o lift_v it_o with_o both_o hand_n from_o the_o ground_n they_o affirm_v say_v he_o that_o it_o weigh_v above_o 300_o pound_n at_o eight_o ounce_n to_o the_o pound_n and_o that_o it_o be_v find_v in_o the_o house_n of_o a_o certain_a prince_n and_o leave_v he_o by_o his_o ancestor_n and_o albeit_o that_o in_o the_o day_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n then_o live_v it_o be_v not_o where_o dig_v yet_o know_v they_o where_o the_o mine_n of_o it_o be_v but_o be_v very_o unwilling_a to_o discover_v the_o place_n yet_o at_o length_n they_o do_v it_o be_v ruinate_v and_o stop_v with_o stone_n and_o rubbish_n be_v much_o easy_a to_o dig_v then_o iron_n i_o and_o may_v be_v restore_v again_o if_o miner_n and_o other_o skilful_a therein_o be_v appoint_v to_o work_v it_o 4._o it_o petri_n martyris_fw-la anglerii_fw-la de_fw-la orb_n novo_fw-la decad._n r._n cap._n 4._o 10._o some_o such_o natural_a electrum_n seem_v also_o to_o be_v hint_v in_o the_o civil_a law_n and_o to_o have_v be_v mix_v with_o silver_n neratius_n report_v that_o proculus_n give_v sentence_n that_o it_o be_v no_o matter_n in_o a_o legacy_n of_o electrine_n vessel_n how_o much_o silver_n or_o electrum_n be_v in_o they_o but_o whether_o the_o silver_n or_o electrum_n exceed_v which_o may_v easy_o be_v perceive_v by_o ocular_a inspection_n or_o if_o