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A91155 A briefe polemicall dissertation, concerning the true time of the inchoation and determination of the Lordsday-Sabbath. Wherein is clearly and irrefragably manifested by Scripture, reason, authorities, in all ages till this present: that the Lordsday begins and ends at evening; and ought to be solemnized from evening to evening: against the novel errours, mistakes of such, who groundlesly assert; that it begins and ends at midnight, or day-breaking; and ought to be sanctified from midnight to midnight, or morning to morning: whose arguments are here examined, refuted as unsound, absurd, frivolous. Compiled in the Tower of London, and now published, for the information, reformation of all contrary judgment or practise. By William Prynne of Swainswick Esq;. Prynne, William, 1600-1669. 1654 (1654) Wing P3916; Thomason E814_11 82,955 107

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mischief therefore is but a pretence Secondly It is clear that God himself commanded his seventh day Sabbath and other Solemn F●stivals to be solemnized from Evening to Evening Exod. 12. 18. Levit. 23. 32. God therefore infinitely wise foreseeing better than the best wisest holiest and most prudent Christian Magistrates or Ministers all inconveniences abuses that might prophane his Sabbath and what beginning conclusion of it would best prevent all prophanations and make most for its sanctification instituting hi● Sabbath and other Festivals to begin and end at Evening not at morning or mid-night I may safely inferre against this present Objection that this beginning concluding the Lordsday at Evening even in Gods accompt and so in verity it self is least inconvenient least mischievous and the best of all the three to prevent all prophanations abuses of the day Therefore it ought to be imbraced as that which God himself hath prescribed for the best the meetest of all others Thirdly I have formerly proved that this beginning of it at Evening doth best prepare men for its sanctification that it prevents more prophanations Abuses of it committed on and occasioned by disorders of all sorts on the Saturday night as we falsly term it then it could possibly produce on Lordsday Evenings To which I shall adde that it likewise excuseth all Husbandmen Tradesmen and others from being Sabbath-breakers who in the Winter quarters rise early to their weekly labour on Munday morning some three or four hours before day-break who should be Sabboath breakers in an high degree if the sabbath or Lordsday ended not til day breaking as some Objectors pretend Therefore I may conclude that this beginning of the Lordsday at Evening make more for the sanctification of the day and prevents more inconveniences then that at morning and so ought to be retained Fourthly This beginning and concluding the Lords-day at Evening cannot any way produce such effects of licentiousnesse and prophanenesse on Lordsday Evenings as is suggested since it puts no period to the Lordsday or its duties till after Sunset when the Stars begin to shine which is not till eight or nine of the clock in the Summer when all orderly people families are more ready to betake themselves to their family duties private devotions and rest then to Sports or Pastimes and about six a clock in the Winter quarter after which all civill orderly Parents Masters though not religious permit not their Children or Servants to rove abroad and such who are truly pious fall to repetition of the Sermons they heard the Lordsday before singing of Psalms reading the Scriptures and godly Books Catechising their families Prayer Meditations and such like holy family duties answerable to the piety they professe and the holinesse of the preceding day So that it gives no liberty at all to any dishonest unchristian Sports or meetings as is pretended which commonly break up and end ere the Lordsday concludes in this accompt and which all good Christians ever avoid at all times especially after Lordsday exercises of Piety and Religion with which they have no anologie Lastly Admit the objection true that this beginning of the Lordsday at Evening should prove more inconvenient then that at morning not simply in it self but in regard of mens abusing it which yet I deny yet it follows not that therefore the day ought then to begin since the abuse of any Doctrine through the corruption of men makes not the Doctrine lesse true and since Inconvenien●es must not cannot alter those bounds which God himself hath immutably prescribed unto dayes True it is that inconveniencies backed with any precepts or scripture for the beginning of dayes are good Arguments proofs of truths but wanting Scripture authority to enforce them or being objected against apparent texts they are no ways conclusive Such are the inconveniences here pretended which whether they will happen yea or no will not canno appear till this Doctrine of the Lordsdayes commencing at Evening and the use of publique Evening Prayers in all places Saturday Evenings as a preparative to the Lordsday Sanctification formerly used be generally received as formerly which men will not so much abuse to Liberty and Licentiousnesse as is pretended or if they do the fault is onely theirs not the Doctrines Wherefore my Conclusion remains still firm notwithstanding this Objection The Sixt and last Objection is this That many godly Learned Divines of late and present times have in their Writings Sermons delivered this Opinion for a truth That the Lordsday begins and ends at morning not at evening because Christ rose not till the Morning and it is now the common received opinion practice of all our Divines and most private Christians Therefore questionlesse it is the truth and dangerous to alter it in Thesis or Practice To this I answer First That it is true many reverend holy learned late Divines whose names for honours sake I shall forbear to mention have in their publique Writings and many more in their Sermons delivered this opinion yet many of them only dubiously with an * IT SEEMETH or IT IS PROBABLE or LIKELY not resolutely and that their present practice is answerable thereunto But yet all the learned Godly Christians in all former ages have held practiced the contrary as I have proved and some godly eminent Divines among us now conclude in judgement with them The judgment therefore and practise of all Ages Churches from the Apostles time till now should rather sway the ballance of this controversie then these few late Divines though learned and judicious Secondly Most of those godly learned men have taken up this Opinion and published it to others upon Wolphius his Authority and ground without any full examination or serious study of the point as appears by this that they do but lightly touch it in the by and so away not seriously or peremptorily resolving it grounding themselves upon such reasons as no wayes prove their Conclusion and in truth are meerly fals in that sense they understand them as I have largely manifested in the premises Therefore their Authorities are not so much to be regarded Thirdly In all Disputes we must not so much observe what and who the Authors produced are as what their proofs and reasons are If these good learned mens Arguments Reasons be unsound as I have manifested them no matter what their Opinions lives or practises are since the learnedest the holiest are and may be subject unto Errours from which none are exempted Seeing therefore I have here propounded the best Reasons alledged on all hands for the Sabbath and Lordsdayes beginning at Evening Morning Midnight let the best Proofs Reasons win the field and then I hope the victory will fall on my side without any more Dispute who contend not for victory but truth alone Having thus as I conceive given full satisfactory answers to all materiall Objections I ever yet read heard or conceive against the Lords-days beginning at Evening I come now
in times of Popery all of them resolving the fourth Commandement to be Morall still in force obliging all Christians under the Gospel to the weekly observation and sanctification of the intire Lords-day That TOTVS ILLE DIES TVTALITER DIVINO CVLTVI APPLICANDVS EST NIHIL ALIUD AGENDUM NISI DEO VACANDUM and that because DIES INTEGER SABBATUM TOTUM cultui divino SACRATUR not two or three hours of it onely devoted to the publick exercise of Gods worship in the Church as some new * Doctors assent who allot the rest to Sports Pastimes and wordly labours or affairs being more lic●ntious and prophane than Papists in this point who are generally as strict as the greatest Puritane writers in their Doctrines for their intire sanctification of the Lords day and against the use of all ordinary labours sports pastimes dancing enterludes and carnall pleasures on it or any part thereof even from Evening to Evening when they begin and end it Now if the Lords-day it self be thus to be sanctified and solemnized by Christiaans even by the equity and Morality of the fourth Commaudement it self literally commencing onely the sanctification of the seuenth day Sabbath which began and ended alwayes at Evening Then it must by the very equity and morality of the sourth Commandement be sanctified and solemnized by Christians from Evening to Evening as the seventh dae Sabbath was both by Jews and Christians heretofore by vertue of this Precept which Reason our Opposites can no wayes evade 6. Our opposites themselves apply all Texts and precepts in the Old Testament for the sanctification of the seuenth day Sabbath unto the Lords-day Sabbath as being all one with it in substance Why then should they or any other reject that Text of Levit. 23. 32. From Even to Even ye shall celebrate your Sabbath refuse the usuall Scripture computation of the beginning and ending all dayes all Festivalls at Evening and affix a new incep●ion or ●nd to the Lord-day and all other dayes too at Morning or midnight which the sacred Writ doth no wayes warrant As therefore they apply most other things concerning the seventh day Sabbath to the Lords day so must they now the time and Texts for its beginning too unlesse they can give good Scripture reasons for it which no man can do 7. The beginning of the Lords-day and Sabbath at Evening as soon as the Sun sets or the Evening-star begins to shine as it is most certain whereas the beginning of it from the hour or moment of Christs Resurrection which is not certainly known nor expressed by the Evangelists is arbitrary and uncertain and so not to be embraced so is it m●st consonant to that rest or Sabbath in heaven of which these Sabbaths are a reall type Heb. 4. to 11. For our heavenly Sabbath ever begins in the very Evening and Sunset of our dayes when death puts a period to them Rev 14. 13. Job 3. 17 18. or at least at the Evening and period of this world when dayes shal be no longer Rev. 10. 6 7. Therefore by the analogy of the type to the substance those Sabbaths should begin at Evening too when the day-light ends the rather because the Evening usually puts an end to our Labours and begins our ordinary rest as death the Evening of our dayes concludes our earthly toyls and travels and commenceth our heavenly rest Rev. 14. 13. 8. This beginning of the Sabbath and Lords day at Evening doth best prepare men for the sanctification and duties of it and most of all prevent the profanation of it For first it makes men to put a timely period to their weekly labours on Saturday Evening and then to begin the sanctification of it with private meditations prayer singing of Psalms reading the Scriptures catcchifing of their children and families examination of their own hearts and wayes and such like holy duties where as the Doctrines of its beginning at midnight or morning light as wofull evperience witnesseth makes many spend a great part of the Satturday Evening and night when the Sabbath and Lords-day begin in true calculation especially in Cities and market Towns in buying selling drinking gaming who●ing and such like worldly or carnall imployments which this Doctrine of its commencement at Evening would easily redresse 2. It causeth men to go to bed and take their rest In due season to rise the more early in the morning to come to the publick duties of Gods Worship with greater chearfulnesse and better Preparation and so to receive more profit by them to resort more timely to the Church to dispatch their own private devotions before they go to the publick Assemblies and to be every way more holy and active wheras the other Midnight or morning inception of it makes Trades men others to set up Saturday nights as we erroneously both call and repute them very late about secular or vi●ious sinfull imployments there being more sinnes for the most part and disordrs committed that Evening and night then on any or all the other six to lie long in bed the Lords day morning to come very late to Church or not at all to repair to publick duties without any or at least with small preparation bringing along with them heads and hearts full of worldly cares of sinfull thoughts of unlamented iniquities and as full of deadnesse and drowsinesse which makes them either to sleep out prayers and Sermons too or not to observe and mind them as they ought all which the Evening beginning thereof would readily best prevent Wherfore I may safely conclude that the Sabbath and Lords-day ought of right to b●gin at Evening since God being * only wise would certainly institute such an inchoation of them as might best prepare and enable men to their Sanctification and most anticipate their prophanation the cause why he prescribed the celebration of the Sabbath from Even to Even Levit. 23. 32. if I righly conjecture 9. It is confessed by all that in the Scripture and Israelites account all dayes began at Evening as I have proved at large before It is likewise most certain that Christ and his Apostles being Israelites did ever constantly observe the Scripture and their own nationall computation of the beginning and end of dayes it being that which Christ himself and all the Evangelists follow as I have evidenced at large in the third and fifth Conclusions neither is it any way probable that Christ and his Apostles or the primitive-Primitive-Church and Christians who were in all things guided by them did or would alter this their Nationall and divine beginning or concluding of dayes there being no ground or reason for it for ought that yet appeares If therefore the Lords-day were instituted and consecrated for a Sabbath by Christ himself as many or by his Apostles as most or by the Primitive Church Christians onely soon after the Apostles time as others affirm one of which three opinions is and