bands 78. How to destroy weeds worms rushes c. as also to enrich any pasture or arable ground and perhaps to forward the Crop thereof This is done first by plowing the ground twice and then by sowing of the waste Sopeashes in some reasonable quantity upon the ground after it is sown with grain in the winter time two load or three load of them will serve an acre of ground very richly quaere Pease and beans forwarded what effects will follow in the forwarding of Pease or any other grain or pulse if the same be bestowed upon ground every two moneths Weeding of Woad saved If this fall out then imagine how profitable it were for all such as sow any store of Woad for by this means they may save an infinite charge in the weeding thereof which now they cannot avoid some think that salt is of equal force with sope-ashes in all these purposes and that two bushels will suffice for an acre of ground being mingled with the grain in the sowing and that thereby you may hav yearly a rich crop of Wheat in a barren ground Quaere Broom and Fern destroyed if Broom or Fern may be destroyed by this mean s I make no doubt of Broom if the ground were plowed and then the ashes strewed thereon there is no doubt but that these ashes will also be very necessary for the enriching of Garden grounds 79. How to stay the bleeding of any Vine This is done by binding the ordure of a man that is somewhat dry or stiff in a linnen cloth close to the place where it bleedeth with some packthread or other bands this I learned of an expert Gardiner Quaere of the droping of melted brimstone upon the place or wax and Turpentine Pitch Rosin and such like Also if you fear it with a hot iron and drop tallow thereon and then binde the bark hard with divers folds of cord or Packthread about this will stay the bleeding thereof experienced per Mr. Hill 80. How to have great and large Musk-mellons Cucumbers Pompeons Gooseberries c. When your Pompeons are as big as little apples Nipping of the young shoots then nip off all those young shoots that grow beyond them by which means a Gentlewoman of her own experience did assure me Pompeons that she had Pompeons as big as a gross woman in the waste the same may be done in Cucumbers and Musk-mellons as soon as they are grown to some little bigness Goosberries So likewise by nipping off the tops that grow beyond the Goosberries presently after they are knit she had exceeding great Goosberries Quaere of the like practice in Apples Pears Cherries Apples Pears Cherries Grapes to grow great Plums Peaches Grapes c. Quaere also if there be any use of this secret in Flowers Some commend the taking away of all the Runners except two or one from every pompeon Pompeon whereby more sap may be conveyed into the Fruit. 81. How to destroy Fern or Broom So soon as it is ready for the Sithe or Hook cut it down and continue this practice two or three years together and in the end the sap wanting issue will choak the root according to that opinion it is likewise held in the destruction of a Tree by taking away all the sprouts and buds from time to time as they put forth at any of the branches Quaere if this practice will not destroy Broom 82. How to make the leaves stalks and roots of Artichokes to be good food for the Table The roots of all young Artichokes as I have heard some Travellers report be in a manner as sweet and delicate as the Potatoe root and therefore to have store of them I think it requisite to sow whole beds or borders of them and if you will make use of the leaves you must whilst they are young viZ. before they do carry any apples binde all the leaves in one mass together and then bury them in the ground and so they will become both sweet and tender and this is a practice very usual in Barbary Or if by cutting down the stalks you prevent the bearing of their fruit you shall have their stalks full of strength and food and to make pleasant Sallets withal and that oftentimes in one year Also if you cut them down presently after their bearing you shall have young Artichokes towards Michaelmas if time or season be any thing mild and temperate 83. How to make flowers double as also to enlarge either fruits or flowers and to make young trees to prosper well This is thought to be best performed by often removing the young Plant and as some will have it in the encrease of the Moon or rather just at the full and so likewise of Dwarf-trees Quaere whether the removing of a stock before it be graffed or after it be graffed be the better way to make the Tree to prosper and whether it be not good for the encrease thereof to remove and transplant it often whilst it is young 84. How to defend a whole Orchard or any particular Tree from the frosts of April or May whereby the blossoms may knit without any danger If you can happen upon a place defended either by a hill or some rows of high trees already growing from the North and East winds then shall you not need to shew any other art for that your Orchard having this defensative is very likely to prove fruitful if there be no other impediment in the soil But if you cannot be so happy to finde a place so guarded to your hand then plant on the East and North side thereof a Quickset-hedge of Hathorne which will grow to a reasonable height in a short time without the which you may also set a ranck or two of Elms Ashes or Sycamore to break off the cold blasts from your Trees But if by chance you have any wall already built with two sides against the same wind that will be a special good corner to set an Apricock-tree therein Or if you are desirous to defend the blossoms of some few Trees from those cold winds whereby to have store of fruit when others shall fail then must you strein Canvas on the East and North side of them until all cold weather be over-blown and so you may have Cherries Peaches Apricocks and all other early fruit when the rest of your Neighbors may happen to want And this Canvas will be afterwards as serviceable for the Painter as any other and so you shall reap great profit with no loss at all But this practice fitte than Orchard that consisteth of Dwarf trees most excellently as also a Garden of dainty Flowers that may be couched together under such an Artificial wall But if your Plum-trees do grow against a wall then may you hang a sheet or piece of canvas only over them every morning and evening 85. How to make the best choice of any Cions whatsoever Chuse that twig which
them and when they are sufficiently sprung up to make plants of remove them into good ground and they will grow to a monstrous greatness Probat per Sir Tho. Challenor Quaere if the same practice will not serve in Musk-mellons Beans Pease c. The water wherein sheeps dung hath been infused will make Strawberries very great And the Doze of Tanners well rotted in good earth will make rich ground to plant Artichoke plants in and when you have set your young plants if you strein a canvas over them uncovering them onely in warm weather and in the warmest part of the day they will prosper exceedingly 114. To make Apricocks to prosper well Plant them against a wall that standeth into the East and on either side of the Tree place a Fir-pole that is somewhat higher then the Tree sloping wise on the top of the poles place a course cloth or rather a Sear-cloth which in the day time or in the warmth of the day may be rolled up or in the night or in cold weather let down to cover all the Tree as it were with a Penthouse and in this manner your Tree will prosper exceedingly these clothes do also serve to keep off the frosts or cold winds when they are in blossom until the fruit be knit at which time you must onely unfold your clothes in the warmth of the day or when the Sun shineth if the wind happen to be in any cold corner A wooden pale may also serve instead of a brick-wall for the like purpose This of And. Hill 115. To make Rosemary to prosper exceedingly Take of the dirt of the Highways especially in the midst of them where cattel have dunged and stalled most make a bed thereof and therein plant your Rosemary Quaere of all other plants and flowers Probat per Mr. And. Hill in Rosemary which he could never have to prosper in his London Garden till he used this Experiment 216. To make trees to flourish wonderfully Water them now and then with the Dregs of Beer or Ale Per Mr. And. Hill Quaere of applying the same to all Herbs and Flowers Quaere of Saltpeter or Sal Armoniack applied to the roots of Plants being first well putrified or rooted in earth 117. How to make a clay ground fruitful This is done by mixing of a reasonable proportion of sand with it not that the sand giveth any strength to the ground but that it openeth the clay which is oftentimes so binding that the grain is starved therein before it can break out specially in a dry season 118. Certain Observations for the enriching of ground The River of Trent in Lincolnshire is suffered once in seven years to overflow a great Marsh whereby it carrieth as much Swarth as can stand upon the ground Per Harsley my Neighbor at Bishops-hall A Gentleman having his Stable near his Vine Watering of Grapes had his Grapes exceeding great and pleasant by reason of the stale of his Horses that descended from his Stable to his Vine and after turning his Stable into Lodgings the Vine began to starve and brought forth poor and hungry grapes Per And. Hill A Western Gentleman by direction of my Book of Husbandry steeped two years together his Barley for twelve hours in the Sea-water and then sowed the same an 1595 and 1596. and had a very plentiful crop Quaere what soil This of Mr. Andrew Hill By my Cosin Duncombe a neighbor of his steeped his Wheat in stale four and twenty hours and sowed the same in a ground consisting of sand and lome being very barren and had great yield anno 1596. The Gall of a beast applied to a young graffed Plant maketh the same to shoot forward exceedingly quaere of Allom mixed with the gall for one of these ways Mr. And. Hill proved excellent Hereupon I gather That all off al of Beasts and all garbage of fish is very good FINIS Books printed or sold by William Leak at the sign of the Crown in Fleetstreet between the two Temple-gates A Bible of 〈◊〉 fair large Roman â—etâ—â— Yorke's Heraldry Man become guâ—â—y 〈◊〉 Joh. Francis Senâ—â— Englished by H E. of Moâ—â—ouâ—h Wilby's second Set of Musick 3.4 5 and 6 parts The History of Vienna and Paris Callis learned Readings on the Stat 21 H. 8. cap. 5. of Sewers Sken ' de significatione Verborum Posing of the Accidence Delaman's use of the Horizontal Quadrant Corderius in English Doctor Fulkes Meteors Nye's Gunnery and Fire-works Cato Major with Annotat. Lazerillo de Tormes The Ideot in four Books Aula Lucis or the house light Wilkinson's office of Sheriffs Parson's Law Mirrour of Justice The Fort-Royal of holy Scripture or a new Concordance by J. H. Solitary devotions â—erâ—itaâ—â— Scholastica Mathematical Recreations The several opinions of sundry Antiquaries touching the power of Parliam The Right of the people concerning Impositioâ—â— stated in a learned Argument An exact Abridgment of the Records in the Tower of London by Sir Rob. Cotton Kt. An Apology for the discipline of the antient Church intended especially for that of our Mother the Church of England In answer to the admonitory Letter lately published by Will. Nicholson Arch-deacon of Brecon in 4. The Garden of Eden PLAYES The Wedding The Hollander Maids Tragedy King and no King Philaster The grateful Servant The strange Discovery The Merchant of Venice
you see to put forth as many or more buds then the rest of the Tree and which seemeth best to prosper in your eye 86. How to recover an old Border of Tyme or Hysop that is almost dead You must cut the same down very low at a convenient time and if you can after some present rain or against a showre and then earth the same presently by sifting earth all over the borders with a long and flat Sive made for that purpose which being in some measure answerable to the breadth of your borders will be much apter for this purpose then those round Sives that are usually imployed in this work whereby much earth falleth into the Alleys of your Garden 87. How to know the just time when to remove or transplant any Tree When the leaves begin to fade colour and wax yellow then is the fittest time of all other to remove them if you would have them to root well and bear speedily 88. How a man may have a speedy bearing Orchard but the trees not beautiful or to have fair and goodly Trees that will not bear Fruit so soon Prick in the kernels of Pippins Pears or other Fruit in your Nursery which Nursery would be always a worse ground then the Orchard wherin you must afterward remove them for otherwise your trees will not prosper so well when they are transplanted and after they be of three years growth viZ. about the bigness of your little finger you may graff them either in the stock or in the bud these young graffed Trees being afterward removed into your Orchard consisting of a good fat mold will bear fruit very speedily but thereby they will be hindered from being fair and mighty Trees like a woman that beginneth soon to teem whereby her growth and spreading is much hindered and this is an approved way to have a speedy Orchard But if you desire to have an Orchard consisting of fair and beautiful Trees but three or four years more backward in bearing then plant your Orchard at the first with Crabstocks and when they are able in any one year to put forth a shoot of two foot long at the least then are they fit to be graffed and not before these stocks being thus graffed will spread into goodly high and large Trees but not bear so soon as your other Trees any store of fruit And thus you may make your own election which manner of Orchard shall like you best 89. How to make branches or Arms of Trees to root If any Bough of a Tree do put forth a great number of warts or little knots in any place saw off that Arm or Bough one inch below those warts and prick it into the ground and it will root and become a Tree 90. How divers Trees and Hedges are kept backwurd by the ignorance of him that planteth them only When a Privie Hedge is laid too late as in February or March it will never come forward or prosper greatly Yea I have heard a man of good experience affirm that if this year in March a Privie Hedge be laid and another about Alhallontide the next year that the later hedge in seven years space will gain three years growth or spreading of the first the like is to be thought of all Trees 91. How to make the body of a Tree or any young Cions to grow full of squares or Losanges Slit a tender young stock or a shoot of six years when it is of some reasonable length about one finger or six inches in length and in the midst of the slit overthwartwise place a short stick that by thrusting out of the sides may make the form of a Losange the inside whereof must be covered with tar and in time the bark will cover the same and thus you may have a Tree full of Losanges and one square made contrary to the other whereby your work may seem the stranger 92. How to bring Fruit into any shape or to grow within molds This is done by clapping of party molds having vents upon young Pears Apples c. which have such forms and portraitures within as you like best I think leaden molds or molds of burnt clay to be the best and cheapest of all others You may also put in young bunches of Grapes into little stone pots or glasses made of purpose having vents in the top for I think otherwise they will distil with the heat of the sun Quaere of putting of water in the molds so as it touch not the fruit to make the Grapes to swell Quaere if leaden molds be not the best of all other to ripen Grapes quaere also if these molds being well sured towards Winter when the Fruit is ripe if so the Fruit will not hang a long time upon the Tree notwithstanding all frosty weather 93. The best manner of binding or closing of any new graffed Cions First let in the Cions of a good depth into the Stock so as if it take not in one place it may take in another then bind the same about with such bands as they use to bind Brawn and cover the band and slit all over with wax green wax I have seen to take good proof this way for loam will chop in dry weather and let in both winde and rain which wax will not and loam by its hardness bindeth in the sap too much which wax doth not hinder at all by reason of its softness and pliantness in warm weather through which even the buds by help of the sun do easily break 94. To backward Flowers as Gilliflowers Pincks Strawberries c. Quaere if by covering them over with some earthen pan with wet straw or hay about it they will not be much hindered removing the pot but one or two days in the week to take the sun least they wither away 95. Necessary Observations to make either outlandish or English seeds to grow the better If you can take the advantage of a hard frosty winter which hath mellowed the ground well and made the earth to crumble and then if it be also dry in March that the mold may fall to fine powder in the digging thereof and that your seeds be sowed and well covered before it rain if the infertility of the ground hinder not you shall be in good possibility of a rich crop I did sow some Staves-acre in a place whose mold was cast up in wet weather and consisting of earth and clay it did so clod together as that the seeds which were sowed the 26 of March did not appear above ground until the latter end of May and then also they came very thinly I had the like success in the same earth with Artichoke seeds whereof the hundreth one came not up although peradventure I might be abused in the seeds which is an ordinary practice in these days with all such as follow that way either to deliver the seeds which they sell mingled with such as are old and withered or else without
THE SECOND PART OF THE GARDEN of EDEN OR An accurate Description of all Flowers and Fruits growing in ENGLAND WITH Partuicular Rules how to advance their Nature and Growth as well in Seeds and Herbs as the secret ordering of Trees and Plants By that Learned and great Observer Sir HUGH PLAT Knight Never before Printed LONDON Printed for William Leak at the Crown in Fleetstreet betwixt the two Temple-Gates 1660. TO THE READER IT were very vain to commend the First Part of the GARDEN OF EDEN which hath been so often welcomed into the world in so short a time for without foolish Apologies which are but officious lies we can assure you it hath had four Impressions in less than six years The benefit it brings is as well known to the Country as to the London Stationer Only let me inform you That a Second Part never before Printed full as large as the First is here presented you and if possibly upon reading you could doubt its integrity you may at pleasure see the original Manuscript under the Authors own hand which is too well known to undergo the suspition of a counterfeit Therefore if heretofore the First Part of the GARDEN OF EDEN were a useful Book this is now much more when the GARDEN is enlarged and far better stored You will soon finde if truth be not now told you AN Alphabetical TABLE TO THE BOOK ALmond trees to forward p. 42 Apples Pears Cherries Grapes to grow great 112 Apples Pears Plums Grapes c. how to make dry as they grow page 151 Apricocks to make prosper well 154 Arbor an Artificial one 46 Artificial Dogs Lions Foul Fishes c. 46 Artichokes to grow great 53 Artichokes a second crop the same year 71 Artichokes how to makes the leaves stalks and roots good food for the table 113 B. BEans steeped in oyl 21 Beans and Pease cut down betimes 25 Beans a second crop the same year 48 Beans and Pease salt will forward 72 Beans and Pease forwarded 108 Branches or arms of trees how to make them root 123 Broom and Fern to destroy 109 112 C. CAnvas Tent for Dwarf-trees 5 Canvas Walls ibid. Carnations Gilliflowers Pinks c. how to graff upon a root of Carnations 136 Catterpillers how to destroy 151 Cherryes kept backward by a Tent 22 Cherries early 52 Cherry-trees whether horn will forward 75 Clay ground how to make fruitful 156 Cions or young trees to make to grow full of squares and losanges 125 Cions new graffed the best manner of binding or closing 127 Cions how to make the best choyce 119 Colleflower hindered in the blowing 72 Corn ground enriched with salt 78 D. DWarf-trees more fortunate in bearing than others 6 Dwarf-trees the maner how to water them 7 Dwarf-trees tenderly kept a caveat for 12 Dwarf-trees watering them in a Stove 13 Dwarf-trees pots for 31 Dwarf-trees tubs for 32 Dwarf-trees or flowers to backward 36 Dwarf-trees to preserve fruit on 73 Dwarf-trees the fashion of your stove for 38 E. EArth compounded for Parcely 20 Earth compounded for Carnation 22 Earthen pans to place your pots in 35 F. FLowers and fruit to keep backward 51 Flowers and herbs kept by covering them as they grow 24 Flowers dwarf-trees how they may be forced to grow in pots or wooden vessels 89 90 Flowers to make double as also to enlarge either fruit or flowers and to make young trees prosper well 115 Flowers kept from cleaving 89 Frosts in May to prevent 4 Fructifying waters for seeds 73 Fruit early without the help of Brickwals 4 Fruit flowers backwarded several ways 24 Fruit kept backward 26 Fruit forwarded by a tent 40 Fruits horn into gelly will forward 76 Fruit when to gather 78 Fruits late 74 Fruit how to bring into any shape or to grow in moulds 126 Fruitfulness every second year of Pears Apples Plums proved 88 Fruit-trees how to dwarf so as your Orchard shall bear the first year 138 G. GArden pease or French-beans to grow without help of stick or poles 107 Gilliflowers Pinks Strawberries to backward 128 Gilliflower or Carnation root how to encrease the bearing exceedingly 137 Graffing time in respect of Cion and stock 96 Grapes nipping 15 Grapes growing late and kept long 54 Grapes to have several growing upon one branch and so also Roses Gilliflowers c. 147 Grapes how to keep upon the Vine till January and so of other fruit and flowers to keep backward 149 Grapes watering 157 Ground prepared for dwarf-trees 6 Ground arched for dwarf-trees 23 Ground enriched 157 Gunpowder Salt peter and Salt to forward Plants 21 H. HOw to sow in the wain or encrease of the Moon the weather being unseasonable 105 Honeysuckle Jessamie double how to multiply 142 How to graff in a dead trunk or stock of a willow-tree 144 Hysop and Time high borders speedily 44 I IMplastering inoculating or graffing in the bud 98 Iron backs to your pots 48 L. LEmon-tree to bear fruit 3 Lemon Orange Pomgranate-tree 74 Loâ— or proin when p. 75 M. MOunt Pyramids 45 Musmellons Cucumbers Pompeons Gooseberries how to have great and large 111 Musmellons and Pompeons c. observations in removing 135 Musmellon Cucumber Pompeon the planting and ordering 79 N. NIpping the first blossoms 41 Nourishing liquor rich mold 4 Nourishing water 34 O. OLive and Orange tree to bear fruit 3 Onions young all the year 68 Orange Lemon and Almond-trees forwarded 43 Orchards the bigness 8 Orchards the height of the walls 9 Orchards speedily to make 53 Orchards to flourish and bear store of fruit p. 91 Orchard or tree how to defend from the frosts of April or May whereby the blossoms may knit without danger 116 Orchard how to have to bear speedily 121 Ordering pots 30 P. PArseley to grow speedily 20 Peach-tree to make to bring forth Pomgranats 146 Peach-trees forwarded 76 Peach-stone to have no kernel 146 Pease and other seeds steeped in several liquors before the sowing 20 Pease forwarded with horn 76 Plants young covered with a vail in the night 77 Plums kept from cleaving 89 Pomgranate tree to bear fruit 3 Pompeons Musmellons Strawberries and Artichokes to make them prosper and grow great 152 Poses and Emblems of Checker-work 45 R. RAdishes young all the year 68 Refreshing pots with new mold 36 Rich earth for pots 70 Roots of young plants well watered 77 Rooting of seeds within door before they be sowed abroad 16 Rosemary to make prosper exceedingly 155 Roses late 26 Roses early 51 Roses growing at Christmas 69 Roses a practice upon 75 Rose-trees horn will forward 76 S. SAge to have great store speedily 147 Salt and earth putrified together to forward plants 22 Salt mold for your pots 35 Seacoal-ashes to kill worms and weeds 23 Seed when to sow in respect of the Moon 72 Seeds to grow the better outlandish or English 129 Several waters for plants 49 Shavings of horn steeped in water for plants 75 Sides of Borders in works 45 Soil for outlandish
plants 42 Sope-ashes used often to forward Pease fruit c. 23 Sow when that you would have to seed 44 Stockgilliflowers double or single how to encrease 148 Stove to keep Dwarf-trees in 9 Stove kept with small charge 10 Stove for all vegetables good cheap 17 Strawberies to grow great 53 Sun-beams on Trees how to multiply 2 T. TRees against Brickwalls 1 Trees wrapped about with hay 3 Trees when to place in a stove 10 Trees cropping 78 Trees and hedges kept backward by the ignorance of the Planter p. 124 Trees when to proin them 77 Trees to transplant to know the just time 120 Trees of Time Hysop Lavender Rosemary c. how to have 148 Trees to help whose stock or fruit begineth to rot 146 Trees to make flourish wonderfully 156 V. VInes to bear early 14 Vines cut to bear quickly 40 Vine how to stay bleeding 110 Vineyards hew to have bear grapes the first year 142 Violets or Strawberies covered with sand or pots 27 Voiding of frosts in May. 37 W. WAlks of green trees in winter 47 Watering by a List 34 Weeds Worms Rushes to destroy c. aâ— also to enrich ground 108 Weeding of Woad saved ibid. Wine Aquavitae Wine-Lees water with 21 Wines good of English grapes 56 Worms prevented 29 The Second Part OF THE Garden of EDEN Divers conceited Experiments in Trees Plants Flowers Herbs and Fruits Num. 1. Fruit and Flowers to come early and before others or late and after others or to have them growing all the year Sect. 1. SIR Francis Walsingham caused divers Apricock Trees to be planted against a south Wall Planting of Trees against brick wals and their Branches to be born up also against the wall according to the manner of Vines whereby his Plumbs did ripen three or four weeks before any other that grew at large in any Orchard and had not the benefit of the Suns reflexion Hereupon I do infer How to multiply the Sun-beams upon Trees That if every Tree were planted in a several Tabernacle or such Concave as were aptest for the receiving and reflecting of the Sun-beams upon the Fruit and the same also either lined with Lead or Tin plates or garnished with glasses of steel or crystalline that by such means peradventure the reflexion might be multiplied to the greater forwarding of the Fruit especially the Trees being Dwarf-trees whereby the Sun might reflect both from the sides and from the ground unto the uppermost branch or bough of the Tree Olive Pomgranate Orange and Lemond trees to bear fruit And by these helps the Olive Pomgranate Orange and Lemond trees and such like might happily bear their Fruit in our cold Clymate Quaere Sol and Vulcan meeting together in the wals if these walls did stand so conveniently as they might also be continually warmed with the Kitchen fires as serving for Backs unto your Chimneys if so they should not likewise finde some little furtherance in their ripening 2. Quaere also Trees wrapped about with Hay If wrapping of ropes of Hay about the bodies of the Trees to defend them from the windes and other cold that happeneth most in the night season Nourishing Liquor rich Mould 3. Water these Trees with nourishing and feeding Liquors and give a new supply now and then of richer Mould unto them and if you will prevent the dangers of the frost which they are subject unto in their blossom To prevent the frâ—sts in May. then lay open the roots for a time that the sap may not rise too fast or if your Orchard consist of Dwarf-trees growing in great pots of stone or vessels of wood you may remove them from time to time as you see cause and so preserve them from all injury of the weather Early fruit without the help of Brick wals 4. And lest I should leave all other men destitute of early Fruit whose ability will not serve to compass their Orchards with Brick-walls which would prove an excessive charge my advice is that their Orchard should consist wholly of Dwarf trees over which being close compact together they may spread a canvas tent removeable at pleasure Canvas tent or defending onely the North East and Northeast winds from them with canvas walls Canvas Walls which canvas they may hire of the Upholsters after the rate of one penny the ell for many moneths together for notwithstanding this imployment it serveth the Painters turn sufficiently Neither ought this course seem very chargeable unto us if we do either consider the infinite number of Trees that a small square will receive if they be closely packed together or if we do estimate the profit that will arise of such forward fruit which will easily countervail the hire of our canvas And yet for our better encouragement herein I have heard that also noted of our best experienced Practisers this way Dwarf trees more fortunate â—hen others That these kinde of Dwarf-trees are commonly more fortunate in their bearing then our ordinary trees whose bodies are greater and carry their heads so high into the weather and it shall not be amiss notwithstanding these walls or covers Preparing of the ground for Dwarf-trees to place these Dwarf-trees especially if they grow in vessels removeable either upon Pavement of Free-stone or Brick or upon a platform of Gravel whereby the Sun may reflect the stronger upon them always provided that you have also care to keep them sufficiently moist and from being withered or parched with the heat The manner how to water them which you may easily prevent in the time of dry weather by watering them continually by way of filtration out of apt vessels placed for the purpose And though your trees be fixed and growing in the ground yet it shall not be amiss to have a flore of hard gravel round about them to help the reflexion of the Sun so as you have care either to leave sufficient store of earth about the body of every Tree and the same earth to be laid in the forme of a concave receptive to receive such rain water as falleth and to convey that unto the root or else if you will cover the whole face of the ground with gravel you must then at the foot of every tree thrust in a pipe of stone for which purpose and to avoid charge the neck of these stone bodies wherein the Goldfiners do use to draw their strong water will serve very aptly which must receive a continual watering per laneam linguam as before The bigness of these Orchards to keep them moist And here if it were not for charge I could wish all these Orchards that are replenished with Dwarf-trees to consist of small squares so as they might be ten or twelve yards every way in length and breadth and no more The hight of the wals of this Orchard about which squares I would also erect the cheapest wall that could be devised which should not exceed
at the time of the knitting and by this practice you may happen to have Cherries upon your Dwarf-trees when the great Cherry-orchard in Kent shall fail And because every spectator or beholder of these conceited trees may not presently look into the invention hereof it shall not be amiss to make either so many holes in the ground or so many brick receptacles as will receive your pots all the Summer time wherein they may be so closely placed even with the ground and all the brims of the pot so covered with earth as that they shall seem to be growing ends in ordinary manner to the great admiration of all such as shall behold them The fashion of your Stove for the Dwarf-trees 20. Your Stove or close Orchard may be made to open at all sides saving the North in the manner of the shop-windows in London whose board and timber must be well pitched oiled or greased over with the fat of the powder-beef-pot but then perhaps it will be offensive to your apparel because it is over long in drying the roof also may be divided into four parts and each part so placed as that it may be drawn up with a pulley thereby to receive the Sun and Rain when you shall think good and in cold weather or in the winter season to be kept warm according to the manner set down ante num 8. But how to build a house in such form as that the Sun both in the Summer and also in the Winter season may shine therein very plentifully see the opinion of Cardanus cited in the Collection of secrets made by Wickerus p. 591. Quaere of a round Stove turning on a pin like a Windmil and being full of glass-windows Forwarding of fruit by a tent 21. A tent spread over a Cherry-tree or any other Fruit-tree and receiving that vaporous heat ante num 8. will help greatly to forward the blossoming and ripening of any fruit being used in the night time and in all other sharp and cold weather all the Art will be herein to have some speedy means of pitching or spreading this tent and taking the same down again Cutting of Vines to bear quickly 22. When you plant the cuttings of Vines chuse such of the last years shoots as may have some part of the former years stock cut off with them and so you shall have Grapes a year sooner at the least 23. Quaere Nipping off the first blossoms if the taking away of the first blossoms of Fruits will force any Fruit-tree to bring forth new blossoms and thereby to bear fruit a great deal later post 81. 24. Glasses on your yong plants When you have first prickt in your seeds into the ground set over each of them a glass which is broad below and the bottom broken out and whose neck is narrow but leave the mouth open these glasses defend off the cold air encrease the heat of the sun and keep the Plants moist because the water as it ascendeth by the attraction of the sun so it slippeth down again by the gliding sides of the glass for I have seen in dry weather the ground which hath been covered with one of these glasses much blacker and moister then any other earth round about it this is done to defend a young plant from the nipping cold and from the parching heat until it have gotten up to some growth whereby it may defend it self the better and then you may remove the glass Soil for out-landish plants 25. Let every outlandish Plant be set in such soil as cometh nearest in kinde to that soil wherein it did naturally grow beyond the Seas or if you can bring over sufficient of the same earth wherein it grew To forward Almond trees 26. Steep the Almonds with their shels in milk two or three days then make a trench of good dung of two foot deep upon which make a lay of fine sifted earth of a hand breadth deep into which prick your Almonds then cover them with more sifted earth and every year remove them always planting them in the same trenched ground and so they will grow a yard in heigth every year as Sir Edward Denny of Ireland assured me upon his own trial these because they are dainty and shady trees are fit to make stately Walks in Noblemens Gardens 27. Orange Lemon Almond trees forwarded For the forwarding of your seeds of Oranges Lemonds Almonds Pomgranates c. use the same order as is here set down for Musk-mellon seeds and then remove your Plants into pots which by apt covers you may sufficiently defend from all manner of cold weather not exposing them to the air but onely in a sunny day When to sow that which you wou d have to seed 28. Whatsoever you would have to run to seed apace sow that seed either in three days before or three days after the full of the Moon quaere if the three first days be not the better and quaere if the day of the full be not the best of all other High borders of Time Hysop c. speedily 29. If you board up earth to the height and bredth of a privy hedge that is of six or seven years growth with boards that be thick and well seasoned and bored through full of large and slope holes or rather being full of long slits after the earth is well setled you may plant the top of the border and sides likewise with Hysop Time Sides of borders in works Lavender c. or else you may plant the sides with some contrary Plant to make the one to set off the other the better This way you may make dainty Borders of Carnations if you keep the sides cut in frets or other works planting the Carnations on the top of the borders or if you please you may cut out square holes like checker boards Checker-works Posâ—s and Emblems or fair Roman Letters in poses or emblems in the sides of the borders and so keep them according to the works By this devise you may also make Mounts Pyramids c. Mouâ—ts Pyramids according to the shape of the case wherein you plant and it will seem very strange being set of such plants as do ordinarily grow very low and near the ground An artificial tree or arbor This way also a man may plant an artificial Tree or Arbor planting the body and arms of the tree with Herbs or Flowers and to cover the secret you may hide the arms and body with the bark of trees or moss as also Dogs Dogs Lyons Fowl Fish c. artificial Lions Bulls Men Fishes Fowle c. having hollow moulds for the same either of stone or wood well pitched within and without There may be also pipes of lead conveyed through the bodies of such forms which must be stopt at the ends and have divers little holes in them whereby water may be conveyed with a Funnel into the
any mingling at all to sell such as are stark naught I would there were some fit punishment devised for these petit coseners by whose means many poor men in England do oftentimes lose not onely the charge of their seed but the whole use benefit of their ground after they have bestowed the best part of their wealth upon it Cheapside is as full of these lying and forswearing Huswives as the Shambles and Gracechurch-street are of that shameless crew of Poulters wives who both daily most damnably yea upon the Sabath day it self run headlong into wilful perjury almost in every bargain which they make selling Cocks for Capons when they have pared their combs and broken off their spurs old Hens for Pullets when they have broken their pinions and brest-bones Buntings for Larks when young Dames go to market bruised Rabbits for sound being in their skins and yet they will have their Cases too except the bargain be the wiselier made and stale Fowl for fresh and new or at the least both sorts mingled together maintaining their sales with such bold countenances and cutting speeches with such knavish practices and such forlorn Consciences as that they have both driven away many honest Matrons from their stals and so corrupted a number of young maiden Servants with their bold and lewd lying with their desperate swearing and forswearing that they have made all plain and modest speech yea all kind of Christianity to seem base and rustical unto them I would inveigh more bitterly against this sin if my text would bear it but now I will leave it unto the several Preachers of the Parishes where they dwel who can present this matter more sharply and with less offence then I may I pray God that either by them or by the Magistrate or by one means or other this great dishonor of God and of Religion may be speedily removed amongst us But to return to our first subject I think it very necessary to sow as early as the coldness of the Spring will give you leave I sowed Anni eeds and Fenigreke the 26 of March 1594. and they prospered exceeding well and yet I would have sowed more early but that the beginning of March was so showring that I could not garden any sooner these Anniseeds began to flower about the midst of June at which time also the Fenigreke was full of cods Quaere if the Staves acre Artichoke-seeds and Comin-seeds which I then sowed also would not have proved better if they had been steeped for some reasonable time in water I do finde by experience that Anniseeds and Fenigreke delight in ground that is enriched with Sope ashes and Cominseed as I think would either be steeped in salt water before it be sowed or else some little store of salt would be mingled in the earth for I found it to fail me in divers other trials which I made without salt and yet if I had not over-salted the ground I think it would have proved much better Quaere of ground enriched with horn for outlandish seeds because I have been credibly informed that they will make Parsely seeds to disclose themselves in three weeks In March 1595. I sowed English Wormseeds a seed much like if it be not the same to that which is called Semen Ameos in ground enriched with horn and it grew very ranck and full of blossoms 96. A necessary observation in the removing of young Plants of Musk-mellons Pompeons c. The younger that you set them being strong enough to be removed I think they will prosper the better for the sap will sooner rise and be able to feed them 97. How to graff upon one root of Carnations all manner of Carnations Gilliflowers Pinks c. Pull off the top some two or three inches in length of every branch and in their places put the like tops of flowers of contrary colours thrusting them in as closs as you can and then bind them about with some thred and they will bring forth the like flowers as those roots did bear from whence they were taken This of Mr. Jarret the Chyrurgeon in Holborn 98. How to encrease the bearing of any Gilliflower or Carnation root exceedingly Wreath every stalk a little in that place which you mean to cover with earth then lay your earth thereon and by this means every Slip will bring forth great store of Flowers You may also dwarf them into little pots being slit on the sides and when they have taken sufficient root you may cut them off from the old root and so of every slip you shall have a bearing root the same year This also of Mr. Jarret the Chyrurgeon 99. How to encrease the double or single Stock-Gilliflowers Nip off the tops of them before they bud at some reasonable length and beat the stalk toward the bottom with the back of a knife and then prick them into the ground and close the earth well unto them I have heard that the double Stock-gilliflower doth never yield any seed 100. How to dwarf any manner of Fruit Tree so as your Orchard shall bear fruit the first year In the beginning of January or at the least before the same moneth expired chuse a shoot of two years old and if you can such a one as hath some small sprigs about that part of the branch which shall rest in the midst of the pot for they help greatly in the rooting then cross-hack near those sprigs about some two inches in length round about the bark with the edge of your knife and then let it in at a slit which of purpose must be made in the pot wherein you mean to dwarf fill the same full of earth and if occasion serve now and then you may water the same hang this pot either by wiers firm to the body of the Tree or else drive in a stake near the shoot and place your pot thereon and let the same continue one whole year before you cut it off from the old Tree Note that the aptest pots for this purpose be such as hold sugar loaves having slits of an inch in bigness at one side thereof from the bottom to the very top and having feet made unto them whereon they may stand wherein they differ from the sugar pots and it will not be amiss if these pots consist of two parts whereby you may take them from the earth without breaking of the earth when you would plant them in the ground and so the same pots will serve often These Dwarf-trees will bear fruit the first year See ante num 83. how to defend such an Orchard in blooming time from frosts Also if these Trees be set in rancks the Walks being well gravelled leaving onely round rings of earth about the bodies of each of six inches in breadth where you may place some straw or fern if you fear the exceeding heat of Sol by this means the Sun will make a strong reflection upon the fruit to procure a speedy ripening