covenant of circumcision And yet also made with Abraham and his spirituall seed that other everlasting covenant of which the circumcision of Jewes was a signe as if God at one and the same time made with one and the same person Abraham two distinct covenants one which was not the everlasting covenant or covenant of grace namely the covenant of circumcision as 't is called and the other which was that everlasting covenant it selfe And likewise that circumcision was given by God who said it shall bee a signe to them to bee a signe of a covenant made not between God and them that by his appointment were thus circumcised but of a covenant made betwixt God and others when the letter of the Text is thus Gen. 17. 11. It shall bee a token of the covenant between mee and you What covenant was that was it that Vers 10. where it 's said This is my covenant which you shall keep between me and you and thy seed after thee nay that was a dutie and condition of the covenant rather which they were to keepe or observe as it followes this is my covenant every manchild amongst you shall bee circumcised Vers 11. yee shall circumcise the foreskin of your flesh So then circumcision is but a branch of the covenant or a condition of the covenant on their part which in the sacramentall nature of it is a signe not of that mentioned which was their dutie in being circumcised and so circumcising their flesh Vers 11. should bee a signe of being circumcised Vers 10. which were absurd But rather it is a signe of the covenant of God even that covenant mentioned Vers 7. scil of Gods becomming a God to them which is essentially the very everlasting covenant of grace And whereas A. R. his Pseudo-Christus saith that circumcision in their flesh was to bee an everlasting covenant in their flesh and yet to bee but a signe of that everlasting Covenant c. grounding upon that Vers 13. my covenant in your flesh shall bee for an everlasting covenant As if it should meane that that eternall covenant was not made with them that had that signe of the covenant at the present but yet it was to bee made with others when yet the same phrase used in mentioning the signe is used in expressing the forme of the covenant it selfe Vers 7. I will establish my covenant between mee and thee and thy seed after thee in their generations 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in faedus seculi unto or for a covenant of perpetuitie to bee a God to thee and to thy seed after thee Here the phrase for an everlasting covenant evidently noteth not any future covenant which is not here held forth but the qualification rather of that covenant which God saith hee will establish at present with Abraham and his seed for having mentioned the covenants hee expresseth the qualifications of the covenant it selfe that it is of no temporary but of an everlasting nature And then setteth downe the matter of his Covenant thus made with him and his seed scil that hee will bee a God to them and that vers 13. is but a Sacramentall phrasing of the same thing SECT III. Conclu 2. THat the covenant of grace in Gen. 17. is to be considered as invested with Church-covenant and therefore mention is made of this covenant as to bee kept by them vers 9. which is further expressed in one particular thereof vers 10. Not as if this were all which God required of Abraham and of his seed but because this was the first initiating condition and that which did as an initiatory sacramentall signe in a more peculiar way incorporate him and them into one instituted Church-body at present which should more fully bee carried on for after time in Isaacs time ver 19. 21. and 21. 12. Besides this made them further capable afterwards of partaking of other Church ordinances Hence also if others desired to partake of that Church ordinance of the passeover albeit they might bee otherwise godly yet they might not bee admitted to the same unlesse by circumcision initiated into their Church body Exod. 12. 44. 48. Hence when the Scripture would speake of the Jewish Church it sets them forth by that name those of the circumcision Act. 11. 2. Rom. 15. 8. and 3. 30. Gal. 2. 17. But verily in requiring circumcision many other duties lay upon them virtually As first the knowledge of their owne undone estate by nature as being persons whose blood not of one member of their body alone but even of their whole man the life of body and soule might in justice bee required of them and this not so much in regard of actuall sins of their owne as in regard also of Adams sinne derived to them by propagation if they had no more guilt then that they deserved to die Secondly also knowledge of their extreame need of Christ whose blood as the blood of the principall seed of Abraham was to bee shed in fulnesse of time and by virtue whereof that covenant was at present ratified Gal. 3. 4. 17. Hence also faith was required of them to apply that benefit of Christ and his blood Rom. 3. 30. Those of the Jewish Church had faith required of them to justification as well as the baptized Gentiles all duties and branches and acts of repentance and mortification were therein required also of persons admitted to the seale of circumcision hence such exhortations thereon grounded Deut. 10. 16. All inward acts and branches of renovation and sanctification were therein also involved as that which they were bound to endeavour and attaine Rom. 2. 29. And all outward obedience of faith to the Law as a rule of life was therein also required Whence that Rom. 2. 25. The profitable use of circumcision is to keepe the Law the righteousnesse of it What as that whereby they should be justified No verily God gave it not to them for that end but such a keeping thereof as the godly gentiles who being not circumcised but baptized it shall bee all one as if they had beene externally circumcised Rom. 2. 26 27 28. SECT IV. Conclu 3. THat there is a bare externall being in the covenant of grace of persons who possibly never shall be saved Hence the promise is said to belong to those Jewes Rom. 9. 4. on whom yet the word tooke no saving effect vers 6. hence by opposition to the Gentiles they were those which were not strangers to the Church but of it They were not strangers to the covenant of promise but in the same Ephes 2. 11 12. hence God saith hee maketh his covenant with them all Deut. 29. 10 12 13 14 15. speaking there of that solemne renuall of the covenant of grace as Deut. 30. 6. 10. 12 13 14. compared with Rom. 10. 6 7 8. evinceth So Ezek. 16. 8. hee made a Covenant with that Church and people many whereof proved very base as that Chapter sheweth Now this was a covenant
to purge away and mortifie heart sinnes and sheweth it was a very Gospel promise like that Heb. 8. 10 11 12. of writing the Law of grace in the heart now this was made to the seed or children of these Church-members assembled as Chap. 29. 14 15. here is not any evasion as is usuall in mentioning Abrahams seed to say hee meant their Allegoricall and their spirituall seede c. this people to whom this was made being not so spirituall themselves Nor was it some bare tender but it was in way of speciall Covenant and oath on Gods part as Deut. 29. 14 15. sheweth nay it was of a soveraigne nature to bring about what God in his secret counsell intended hence called a commandement Deut. 30. 11. like that Psal 105. 8. the covenant and the commanded word were one and lest any doubt should arise how this should bee ratified and made good Moses prophetically setteth out Christ as dead and risen in whom this covenant was virtually ratified vers 12 13. all which the Apostle further explaineth when to set forth the way of Gods free Covenant grace in Christ without workes Rom. 10. 6 7 8. calling it the righteousnesse of faith or Covenant of grace in Christ which justifying faith is to improve the righteousnesse of faith speaketh on this wise say not who shall c. where was this spoken but in Deut. 30. 11 12 13 14. That commandement or covenant was not farre off that any should say who c. but it was nigh them c. and that commandement which was not farre off vers 11. that any need speake as verse 12 13. who shall ascend c. was the same word which was nigh them in their mouth and heart vers 14. this the Apostle expounds to bee the righteousnesse of faith Rom. 10. 6. and word of faith verse 8. or covenant and promise of grace in Christ descending into the grave noting his humiliation ascending into heaven noting his exaltation verse 6 7. which faith was to beleeve and that very doctrine of faith was that which the Apostles preached as Paul saith this is the word of faith which wee preach this then albeit called in Deut. 30. a commandement yet was it a covenant and that not of workes nor a bare subservient covenant but the very Gospell covenant ratified in Christ the very object of faith and that which the Apostle preached now what this commandement or Covenant was that circumstance noteth Deut. 30. 11. this commandement or covenant which I have commanded this day for Moses had that day propounded it in a Church-way and as a mutuall covenant betwixt them and God as well as God and them the parents stipulating therein in behalfe of themselves and children and so in reference to them also a conditionall covenant made that day in the plaines of Moab Deut. 29. 1. 9 10 11 12 13 14 15. 29. and 30. 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14. so that the places compared evidently prove 1. That the covenant interest of inchurched stipulating parents children is Gospel And secondly that the Apostles preached this doctrine Thirdly that beleevers are to eye the Covenant in such a latitude as to their children with them by faith Fourthly that the essentials of the Covenant of grace in the latitude of the extent thereof to covenant parents with their children held forth in the old Testament was delivered and held forth as valid to the faith of the Saints in the new and after Christs incarnation This second and fourth particular here mentioned might bee further confirmed both by rule in that it being proved to bee Gospel by the places now compared it must needs bee that the Apostles preached the same being injoyned to preach the Gospel Marke 16. unlesse they either disobeyed Christs charge or hid some part of Gods Evangelicall mind from his people contrary to Rom. 10. 15. 18. and Acts 20. 27. 2 In that also Peter being to call upon his hearers to repent and consequently to beleeve hee propounds the word of their faith in such a Latitude as with reference to their children Acts 2. 38 39. The like doctrine doth Paul hold forth to the Saints at Rome and inchurched beleevers there touching such children Rom. 5. 14 15. even touching the abounding of the graces of Christ to them And the like virtually also is held forth by him Rom. 11. 16 17 18 19. as elsewhere is proved and so 1 Cor. 7. 14. First then that which beleevers as such have doe and ought to beleeve as a branch of the covenant of grace that is Gospel but this is of that nature ergo The major needs no proofe the former Texts also clearing the same the minor de jure it 's evident they ought to beleeve the whole Covenant made with them as is evident faith must bee as large as it's object the Covenant is the word of faith A beleever in the exercise of faith should as well have respect to the whole covenant as in the exercise of the obedience of faith respect the whole word of commandement hee doth not else beleeve rightly which doth not desire and indeavour this this therefore being one branch of Gods Covenant to beleevers as beleeving and inchurched as these Scriptures compared shew they ought to beleeve this which respecteth their seed as well as that which respecting themselves if they beleeve aright God in making a covenant in a Church reference especially as was that with Abraham Gen. 17. 7. hee taketh in their seed or children as joynt covenanters Hence the phrase of seed in their generations taking in parents generating and children begotten as those in and by whom Churches are likely to bee continued whence God when to speake in reference to the Church seed as well as to the choyce elect seed of Isaccs line in which the visible and not meerly the invisible Church was to bee continued hee saith hee will establish his covenant with Isaac not with Ishmael Ishmael was Abrahams seed too and therefore externally in the covenant and therefore sealed but God knowing that Ishmael would reject this hee warneth Abraham of it a little before that it might not trouble him afterwards It is not to bee with him in his generations for that cause Gen. 17. 18. compared with Gen. 21. 9 10 11 12 13. but with Isaac in his generations God not opposing therein Isaac to his Church-seed but to Ishmael who by rejecting the covenant will and did come hee and his to bee cast out hence when God speaketh in reference to our times after Christs incarnation when a woman compast a man Jer. 31. 22. hee saith hee will bee a God not to the families in Judah or Israel meerly but to those throughout the earth It 's the old phrase in Abrahams covenant expounded and enlarged I will be a God to thee and to thy seed in their generations Hee saith not barely to thee and to thy seed in regeneration but in their generations Now
This argument supposeth that one cannot bee within the covenant of saving grace externally but they must bee in a saving estate the contrary whereto appeareth Conclus 3. And it 's said of sundry illegitimate Jewish children that they were within the covenant of saving grace namely externally for the author cannot meane other And yet of all such who will say they were all in a saving estate even Esaus birthright was more then right to Isaacs temporall estate as borne of Isaac why else doth the Apostle apply Esaus example of selling his birthright in such sort as Heb. 12. 15 16 17. hee propoundeth his example to deterre the Hebrewes which were in Church estate Heb. 10. 25. and 12. 17 18. from the mischiefe of falling short of the grace of God not of meere temporall blessings nay expresly the thing hee fell short of as his birth heritage as Isaacs first borne is said to bee the blessing indefinitely even Abrahams blessing to his seed the same blessing whereof hee rejecting his externall right Jacob his younger brother came to possesse which was a Church blessing as well as naturall and civill Gen. 28. 3 4. as for temporall blessings he had store of them notwithstanding nor was Isaacs trembling when hee saw how strangely God had ordered the blessing of the first borne to Jacob the younger sonne Gen. 27. occasioned from a bare disappointing him of the externall right to temporalls but withall to spiritualls and ecclesiasticall good also whence the Apostle calleth him for his contempt a prophane person Heb. 12. 3 Object But saith I. S. the covenant of grace being a covenant there must be mutuall agreement betwixt the covenanters and so knowledge and consideration of the termes thereof and restipulation as in mens covenants Hen. Den a little differently maketh a necessitie of the persons entring into covenant with God scil by faith unto covenant right and not meerely Gods entring into covenant with the creature for so hee entred into covenant with the beasts c. Gen. 9. 10. Answ To which I answer the covenant of grace is as well a testament 1 Cor. 11. Heb. 9. Now a testament may bee and useth to bee made in reference to little ones without knowledge nor doe any use to deny a childs right in the testators will because it was taken in amongst other legacies in the bequeathed legacies before it understood the same nor will it bee denyed in the case of the elect seed the choyce parties in Gods covenant Gen. 17. that they many of them dying Infants without actuall knowledge were not therefore children of the promises or that that solemne covenant Deut. 29. 9 10 11 12 13 14 15. and 30. 6 7 8 9 10 c. with that people wherein conditions also were propounded on their parts that therefore the covenant was not made betwixt the little ones there present because they neither understood nor could actually subscribe to the conditions the contrary being there expressed no rather it sufficed that the childrens covenant estate being the parents priviledge whence the incouragement to Abraham to walke with God Gen. 17. 1 c. From that amongst other incouragements that God would become his seeds God also c. vers 7. and so Deut. 29. and 30. amongst other incouragements to the parents that is one vers 6. that God will doe thus for their seed also yea the children being reckoned as in their parents as Levi payd tithes in Abraham c. yea the externall avouching in a covenant way of God being owned as the childrens Deut. 26. 16 17. yea the childrens circumcision being as well the covenant dutie Whence called the covenant or the covenant parties covenant part or dutie as well as the token of Gods covenant Gen. 9. 7. 9 10 11. they restipulate in their parents knowing acceptance of the covenant and professed owning of it upon the covenant termes as well on their childrens part as their owne and they restipulate in a passive reception of the covenant condition and bond to after imitation of their father Abrahams faith and obedience to which purpose I. S. confessed circumcision was annexed to the covenant Yea the bastard children of Iudah and Gilead and others are acknowledged to bee in the covenant of saving grace which yet could not personally restipulate in a way of actuall knowledge or faith or the like 4 Obj. Your doctrine would make God the author of sin partly in causing persons to beleeve untruths partly in promising life to the wicked and so keeping of him from returning I.S. C.B. I.S.C.B. C.B. Besides it will make every beleever an Abraham and make Christs body to consist of dead members and even confound the world and the Church as if one Answ To the first wee require the parents in reference to the Church and covenant estate of their children to make confession of their faith in the covenant of God as made with them and their seed indefinitely according as the termes of the covenant are and being the termes of the covenant it 's no untruth or sinne to beleeve it in foro dei or confesse that faith in foro Ecclesiae which of the beleevers children is elect or saved or not it 's to us a secret and our doctrine requireth them to beleeve revealed things as are those indefinite words of the covenant leaving secrets to the Lord and no other was Moses doctrine having propounded the covenant of God as with parents and children and being yet further to inlarge hee joyneth the former and latter part of his speech with that item that secret things belong to God but things revealed scil touching this his mind of grace indefinitely these are for us and for our children And for further taking off of this cavill together with the second I answer when some say that even bastard children were in the covenant of saving grace and even I. S. which objecteth the same confesseth that God promiseth to bee a God or to fulfill his promises even such as Luke 1. 74 75 c. and gave them circumcision to confirme the same on both seeds requiring them to walke in the footsteps of Abrahams faith c. I demand were the carnall seed saved I. S. will not say so yet God promised and gave circumcision as a seale to that end that hee would bee their God requiring them to beleeve c. did not then God faile in his promise or in requiring them to beleeve an untruth surely no so when they were on that ground according to I. S. to walke in the footsteps of Abrahams obedience and circumcision of heart was required of them did not this rather further then hinder their repentance is it not the Apostles argument to the Jewes to prevaile with them to repent Repent for the promise is to you c. Act. 2. 38 39. Nay doth not our doctrine holding forth the interest at least externall of such in covenant thereby hold forth as well an externall interest in that
which is in its self a most effectuall meanes to further their saving good and to bee as a seed of regeneration and faith c. unto them 1 Pet. 1. to the end Ephes 5. 25 26. Rom. 9. 6. and doe not our opposites rather block up so farre the ordinary way and debarre beleevers children from the ordinary meanes of their chiefe good by denying them interest in the word of promise the which is such a meanes Nor doe wee by our doctrine make every beleever an Abraham wee confesse many things in Abrahams covenant Gen. 17. to bee more personall and some more peculiar to those times yet this no way infringeth the covenant right of Abrahams spirituall seed on the samenesse of that covenant with us in the essentialls of it then there was such a particular land promised to him and his the Gospel holdeth forth temporall mercies to us as well as spirituall 1 Tim. 4. 8. 1 Cor. 3. end 2 Cor. 1. 20. 1 Pet. 3. 10 11 12. albeit not such a particular land so the multiplying of Abraham c. was of such a peculiar consideration yet that hinders not onenesse of the covenant now that the promise made with Abraham long before the Law should not be to his spirituall seed our opposites themselves being Judges the like may bee said of the promise of blessing all nations in his seed c. Gal. 3. 8. yet vers 16 17. the promises are to the whole seed so God saith to Abraham I will make thee a father of many nations Gen. 17. 4 5. hee never said so to Isaac or Jacob c. what were not they therefore children of the promise and heires of the covenant of Abraham that God will become a God as to them so to their seed none will say so or in that they were fathers of the covenant to their posteritie Rom. 11. 16. 28. that therefore they were Abrahams or that those Jewes assembled Deut. 29. to whom God maketh that promise of circumcising their seed Deut. 30. 6. as one part of his covenant Deut. 29. 14. so Ezek. 37. 25 26 27 28. God will bee a God to those mentioned parents and children so is Jesse a covenant root to David Esay 11. 1. yet are not these therefore made Abrahams no more are inchurched beleevers by any doctrine of ours Nor doe wee by our doctrine make Christs body such a body or make such confusion of world and Church thereby no more then did God of old which yet ordained the Jewes children to bee his and his Church covenant children Ezek. 16. 20 21 23. and how wee distinguish Church and world let our practise judge and our doctrine which holds forth the covenant of grace as invested with Church covenant if not explicit yet implicit to distinguish the politicall Church and its members from all others 5 Object Some in a more Familisticall way object against our proofes as most what in the old Testament which they make account are not valid unlesse the same things were come over in the new Answ 1. Wee have aswell brought grounds of these conclusions touching Gen. 17. from the new Testament Secondly Christ came not to evacuate the morall Law in the old Testament no not in a title of it but to fulfill it and by expounding it in the very spirit of it to establish it Matth. 5. 17. to the end and the Law it selfe is established through faith Rom. 3. 31. and it 's spirituall not carnall Rom. 7. 14. and what then is the Gospel of which this point in question is part as was shewed or would Christ make void a title of the Gospel in the old Testament as if in and of it selfe not valid unlesse come over againe in the new of what force then would many pretious promises bee in the old Testament expressed but never againe expressed in the new as Esay 12. 3. Ezek. 36. 26. and such like Thirdly if such proofes are not valid why keepe wee a weekely Sabbath as the Lords day is called Matth. 24. 20 why keepe wee solemne thanksgiving dayes c why doe the Apostles referre us for proofe even of the new covenant Heb. 8. 8 9 10 11 12 c. to what God saith scil in the old Testament as in Jerem. 31. or why doth Christ fetch his usuall proofes of the maine matters of faith thence John 5. 46 47. Luke 24. 44 45 46 see more in such way of proofes Acts 10. 43. and 28. 23. Rom. 1. 16 17. Rom. 4. 6 7 8. and 10. 14. and 16. 16. besides many other like which the Apostles urge this way Fourthly if such proofes bee invalid wee must blot out such charges and testimonies touching their perfection and validitie as Psal 19. 7 8 9 10 11 12. spoken before the new Testament was and yet so perfect was it and so efficacious and pretious so John 5. 39. 46 47. and Rom. 10 6 7 8. and Luke 16. 29. 31. 2 Tim. 3. 15 16. Paul makes account the Scriptures scil of the old Testament little else being then written were of sufficiencie to all uses whereof a Minister stood in need to make of the word as Cartwright on the place expounds it and 2 Pet. 1. 1. 19 20 21. speaking of Scripture by men inspired of old those of the old Testament Peter maketh them more valid then extraordinary voyces from heaven touching Christ c. and chargeth them to be in perpetuall request with the Saints see Ames and others in locum If Hen. Den. within his first part of Antichrist unmasked had kept to his testimony which hee brings from 2 Pet. 1. 19 20 21. against the argument used by Dr. Featly taken from the harmony of confessions bee had never so miscarried as in his second part page 25. as to say this is the Prophets to declare repentance as a meanes of remission Ezek. 18. 21. 22. but this is not the Gospell c. And the Law and the Prophets teach is to repent for remission but the Gospel repent unto remission c. to let passe his abuse of the testimonies he alludeth to this I observe that Prophets with him of the old Testament are set in opposition to Gospell as if inconsistent with it the absurditie of which is apparent enough in the very naming it Fifthly if they bee invalid unlesse come over in the new Testament then must all the Saints question their faith and comfort which was occasioned more immediatly from grounds in the old Testament not eying at that present nor possibly afterwards this or that like passage in the new touching the discovery of their good estate or otherwise of their spirituall support contrary to Rom. 15. 4. which Scriptures then mentioned were of the old Testament Sixtly if so how did John Baptist and the Apostles convince the Jewes before yet the new Testament was existing of such and such things touching their peace and touching Christs kingdome and government yea what ordinary meanes is left to convince the Jewes