plainelie to subscribe to king Edwards will in the disheriting of his sister Marie and alledging manie reasons and arguments for the legitimation of both the kings sisters was in the Guildhall in London arreigned and attainted of treason namelie for aiding the duke of Northumberland with horsse and men against the line 30 queene as aforesaid At the same time also the ladie Iane of Suffolke who for a while was called queene Iane and the lord Gilford hir husband the lord Ambrose and lord Henrie Dudleie sonnes to the duke of Northumberland were likewise arreigned and attainted and thervpon led backe againe to the tower In the beginning of Ianuarie next following Charles the fift emperor sent into England an honorable ambassage amongest whome was the Conte de Aiguemont admerall of the low countries line 40 with Charles Conte de la Laing Iohn de Montmorancie lord of Curriers and the chancellor Nigre with full commission to conclude a mariage betwéene Philip prince of Spaine his sonne heire and queene Marie as you haue heard which ambassage tooke such place that shortlie after all things were finished accordinglie ¶ On the fouretéenth of Ianuarie doctor Stephan Gardiner bishop of Winchester lord chancellour of England in the chamber of presence at Westminster line 50 made to the lords nobilitie and gentlemen an oration verie eloquent wherein he declared that the queenes maiestie partlie for amitie and other weightie considerations had after much sute on the emperours and prince of Spaines behalfe made determined by the consent of the councell and nobilitie to match hir selfe with the said prince in most godlie and lawfull matrimonie and declared further that she should haue for hir iointer thirtie thousand ducats by the yeare with all the low countrie of Flanders line 60 and that the issue if there happened anie betwéene them two lawfullie begotten should be heire as well to the kingdome of Spaine as also to the said low countrie He said therefore that they were all bound to thanke God that so noble worthie and famous a prince would vouchsafe so to humble himselfe as in this marriage to take vpon him rather as a subiect than otherwise For the queene hir councell should rule all things as she did before and that there should be of the councell no stranger neither to haue custodie of any forts or castels c nor to beare anie rule or office in the quéenes house or else where in all England with diuerse other articles there by him rehearsed Wherefore he said the quéenes pleasure and request was that like good subiects for hir sake they would most louinglie receiue him with reuerence ioie and honour On the next daie the lord maior of London with his bretheren the aldermen were sent for to the court and to bring with them fortie of the head commoners of the citie vnto whome before the councell the lord chancellor made the like oration desiring them to behaue themselues like good subiects with all humblenesse and reioising But this marriage was not well thought of by the commons nor much better liked of manie of the nobilitie who for this and for the cause of religion conspired to raise war rather than to see such change of the state Of the which conspiracie though there were manie confederats yet the first that shewed force therein was one sir Thomas Wiat a knight in Kent who in verie deed was driuen to preuent the time of the purposed enterprise by this hap Diuerse of the partakers in this conspiracie being withdrawne from London where they had deuised their drift home into their countries amongst whome the said sir Thomas Wiat was one it fell out that whilest he was returned into Kent where his lands and liuings chieflie laie a gentleman of that shire one to the said sir Thomas Wiat most déere was by the councell for other matters committed to the Fléet Wherevpon he verelie suspecting his secrets were bewraied had no other shift as he tooke it but to put on armour and to begin the attempt before the time appointed with his complices And herevpon giuing intelligence of his determination to his associats as well at London as else-where on the thursdaie next following being the fiue and twentith of Ianuarie at Maidstone being accompanied with master Thomas Isleie and others published a proclamation against the quéenes marriage desiring all his neighbors fréends and Englishmen to ioine with him and others to defend the realme in danger to be brought in thraldome vnto strangers and herewith he gat him to Rochester and met with sir George Harper by the waie that was one appointed afore to ioine with him in that quarrell They brake vp the bridge at Rochester and fortified the east part of the towne staid there abiding the comming of more strength and in the meane while suffered all passengers to passe quietlie thorough the towne to London or to the sea taking nothing from them but onelie their weapons In the meane while sir Henrie Isleie Anthonie Kneuet esquier and his brother William Kneuet were busie in west Kent to raise the people there and likewise in east Kent there were other that were of the same confederacie which set forth the like proclamations at Milton Ashford and other towns there in that part of the shire and thus in each part of Kent in a maner was great stur But yet such was the diligence and warie circumspection of Iohn Twine at that present maior of Canturburie for that he misliked their disordered attempts that there was not any of that citie knowne to stur or go forth to ioine themselues with the said sir Thomas Wiat or with anie other of his confederats and yet verelie the more part of the people in all other parts of that shire were maruellouslie affected to the said sir Thomas Wiats quarrell doubting that which might follow of the quéenes matching hir selfe thus with a stranger At Milton when a gentleman of those parts named Christopher Roper went about to resist them that set forth this proclamation he was taken and conueied to Rochester vnto master Wiat. Likewise maister Tucke and maister Dorrell iustices of peace were fetched out of their owne houses likewise brought to Rochester where they with the said Roper were kept as prisoners Sir Thomas Wiat had written vnto sir Robert Southwell shiriffe of Kent to moue him in respect of the preseruation of the common-wealth now in danger to be ouerrun of strangers through the pretensed marriage if it should go forward to ioine with him and others in so necessarie a cause for the disappointing of the same marriage and to worke so with the lord of Aburgauennie with whom he might doo much that it might please him also to ioine with them But as well the said sir Robert Southwell as line 10 the said lord of Aburgauennie and one George Clerke assembled themselues with such power as they might make against the
both of bodie and mind in which good state we will leaue them And bicause we are entred into a discourse of troubles happening to personages of good account and name it is necessarie that wée adde another narration of like argument vnto the former concerning the troubles and happie deliuerance of the reuerend father in God doctor Sands first bishop of Worcester next of London and now archbishop of Yorke as I find it word for word in maister Fox who beginneth and continueth the said discourse as followeth ¶ King Edward died the world being vnworthie of him the duke of Northumberland came downe to Cambridge with an armie of men hauing commission to proclame ladie Iane quéene and by power to suppresse ladie Marie who tooke vpon hir that dignitie and was proclamed quéene in Norffolke The duke sent for doctor Sands being vicechancellor for doctor Parker for doctor Bill and maister Leauer to sup with him Amongst other spéeches he said Maisters praie for vs that we spéed well if not you shall be made bishops and we deacons And euen so it came to passe doctor Parker and doctor Sands were made bishops and he and sir Iohn Gates who was then at the table were made deacons yer it was long after on the tower hill Doctor Sands being vicechancellor was required to preach on the morrow The warning was short for such an auditorie and to speake of such a matter yet he refused not the thing but went to his chamber and so to bed He rose at thrée of the clocke in the morning tooke his bible in his hand and after that he had praied a good space he shut his eies and holding his bible before him earnestlie praied to God that it might fall open where a most fit text should be for him to intreat of The bible as God would haue it fell open vpon the first chapter of Iosua where he found so conuenient a péece of scripture for that time that the like he could not haue chosen in all the bible His text was thus Responderúntque ad Iosue atque dixerunt Omnia quae praecepisti nobis faciemus quocunque miseris ibimus sicut obediuimus in cunctis Mosi ita obediemus tibi tantúm sit Dominus Deus tuus tecum sicut fuit cum Mose qui contradixerit ori tuo non obedierit cunctis sermonibus quos praeceperis ei moriatur tu tantùm confortare viriliter age Who shall consider what was concluded by such as named themselues by the state and withall the auditorie the time and other circumstances he shall line 10 easilie sée that this text most fitlie serued for the purpose And as God gaue the text so gaue he him such order and vtterance as pulled manie teares out of the eies of the biggest of them In the time of his sermon one of the gard lift vp to him into the pulpit a masse booke and a graile which sir George Howard with certeine of the gard had taken that night in master Hurlestons house where ladie Marie had béene a little before there had masse The duke with the rest of the nobilitie required doctor line 20 Sands to put his sermon in writing and appointed maister Leauer to go to London with it and to put it in print Doctor Sands required one daie and a halfe for writing of it At the time appointed he had made it readie and maister Leauer was readie booted to receiue it at his hands carie it to London As he was deliuering of it one of the bedels named maister Adams came wéeping to him praied him to shift for himselfe for the duke was retired and queene Marie proclamed line 30 Doctor Sands was not troubled herewithall but gaue the sermon written to master Leifield master Leauer departed home and he went to dinner to one master Moores a bedell his great friend At the dinner mistresse Moore séeing him merrie and pleasant for he had euer a mans courage and could not be terrified dranke vnto him saieng Master vicechancellor I drinke vnto you for this is the last time that euer I shall sée you And so it was for shée was dead before doctor Sands returned out of Germanie line 40 The duke that night retired to Cambridge and sent for doctor Sands to go with him to the market place to proclame quéene Marie The duke cast vp his cap with others and so laughed that the tears ran downe his chéekes for greefe He told doctor Sands that quéene Marie was a mercifull woman and that he doubted not thereof declaring that hée had sent vnto hir to know hir pleasure and looked for a generall pardon Doctor Sands answered My line 50 life is not deare vnto me neither haue I doone or said anie thing that vrgeth my conscience For that which I spake of the state I haue instructions warranted by the subscription of sixteene councellors Neither can speach be treason neither yet haue I spoken further than the word of God and lawes of this realme dooth warrant me come of me what God will But be you assured you shall neuer escape death for if shée would saue you those that now shall rule will kill you line 60 That night the gard apprehended the duke and certeine groomes of the stable were as busie with doctor Sands as if they would take a prisoner But sir Iohn Gates who laie then in doctor Sands his house sharplie rebuked them and draue them awaie Doctor Sands by the aduise of sir Iohn Gates walked into the fields In the meane time the vniuersitie contrarie to all order had met togither in consultation and ordered that doctor Mouse and doctor Hatcher should repaire to doctor Sands lodging and set awaie the statute booke of the vniuersitie the keies and such other things that were in his kéeping and so they did For doctor Mouse being an earnest protestant the daie before and one whome doctor Sands had doone much for now was he become a papist and his great enimie Certeine of the vniuersitie had appointed a congregation at afternoone As the bell rang to it doctor Sands commeth out of the fields and sending for the bedels asketh what the matter meaneth and requireth them to wait vpon him to the schooles according to their dutie So they did And so soone as doctor Sands the bedels going before him came into the regent house and tooke his chaire one master Mitch with a rabble of vnlearned papists went into a by-schoole and conspired togither to pull him out of his chaire and to vse violence vnto him Doctor Sands began his oration expostulating with the vniuersitie charging them with great ingratitude declaring that he had said nothing in his sermon but that hée was readie to iustifie and that there case was all one with his for they had not onelie concealed but consented to that which he had spoken And thus while he remembred vnto them how beneficiall he had béene to the vniuersitie
and their vnthankfulnesse to him againe in commeth maister Mitch with his conspirators about twentie in number One laieth hand vpon the chaire to pull it from him another told him that that was not his place and another called him traitor Whereat he perceiuing how they vsed violence and being of great courage groped to his dagger and had dispatched some of them as Gods enimies if doctor Bill and doctor Blith had not fallen vpon him and praied him for Gods sake to hold his hands and be quiet and patientlie to beare that great offered wrong He was persuaded by them and after that tumult was ceased he ended his oration and hauing some monie of the vniuersities in his hands he there deliuered the same euerie farthing He gaue vp the books reckonings keies perteining to the vniuersitie withall yeelded vp his office praieng God to giue to the vniuersitie a better officer and to giue them better and more thankfull hearts and so repaired home to his owne college On the morrow after there came vnto him one master Gerningham and one master Thomas Mildmaie Gerningham told him that it was the quéens pleasure that two of the gard should attend on him and that he must be caried prisoner to the tower of London with the duke Maister Mildmaie said he marueled that a learned man would speake so vnaduisedlie against so good a prince and wilfullie run into such danger Doctor Sands answered I shall not be ashamed of bonds But if I could doo as master Mildmaie can I needed not feare bonds for he came downe in paiment against quéene Marie and armed in the field and now he returneth in paiment for quéene Marie before a traitor and now a great friend I can not with one mouth blow hot and cold after this sort Upon this his stable was robbed of foure notable good gâ—ldings the best of them master Hurlestone tooke for his owne saddle and rode on him to London in his sight An inuentarie was taken of all his goods by master Moore bedell for the vniuersitie Hée was set vpon a lame horse that halted to the ground which thing a friend of his perceiuing praied that he might lend him a nag The yeoman of the gard were content As he departed out of the townes end some papists resorted thither to géere at him some of his friends to mourne for him He came into the ranke to London the people being full of outcries And as he came in at Bishops gate one like a milkewise hurled a stone at him and hit him on the breast with such a blow that he was like to fall off his horsse To whome he mildlie said Woman God forgiue it thée Truth it is that iourneieng euill intreating so mortified him that he was more readie to die than to liue As he came through tower hill street one woman standing in hir doore cried Fie on thée thou knaue thou knaue thou traitor thou heretike Whereat hée smiled Looke the desperat heretike saith she laugheth at this geare A woman on the other side of the stréet answered saieng Fie on thée neighbour thou art not worthie to be called a woman railing vpon this gentleman whom thou knowest not neither yet line 10 the cause whie he is thus intreated Then shée said Good gentleman God be thy comfort anâ— giue thee strength to stand in Gods cause euen to the end And thus he passed through fire and water into the tower the first prisoner that entered in that daie which was saint Iames daie The yeoman of the gard tooke from him his borowed nag and what else soeuer hée had His man one Quintin Swainton brought after him a bible and some shirts and such like things The bible was sent in to him but the shirts and such line 20 like serued the yeoman of the gard After he had béene in the tower thrée weekes in a bad prison he was lift vp into Nunnes bower a better prison where was put to him master Iohn Bradford At the daie of quéene Maries coronation their prison doore was set open euer shut before One master Michell his old acquaintance who had béene prisoner before in the same place came in to him and said Master Sands there is such a stur in the tower that neither gates doores nor prisoners are looked to line 30 this daie Take my cloake my hat and my rapier and get you gone you maie go out of the gates without questioning saue your selfe and let me doo as I maie A rare friendship but he refused the offer saieng I know no iust cause why I should be in prison And thus to doo were to make my selfe guiltie I will expect Gods good will yet must I thinke my selfe most bound vnto you and so master Michell departed While doctor Sands and master Bradford were line 40 thus in close prison togither nine and twentie wéeks one Iohn Bowler was their keeper a verie peruerse papist yet by often persuading of him for he would giue eare and by the gentle vsing of him at length he began to mislike poperie and to fauour the gospell and so persuaded in true religion that on a sundaie when they had masse in the chappell he bringeth vp a seruice booke a manchet and a glasse of wine and there doctor Sands ministred the communion to Bradford and to Bowler Thus Bowler was their line 50 sonne begotten in bonds when Wiat was in armes the old duke of Norffolke sent foorth with a power of men to apprehend him that roome might be made in the tower for him and other his complices Doctor Cranmer doctor Ridleie and master Bradford were cast into one prison doctor Sands with nine other preachers were sent into the Marshalsea The kéeper of the Marshalsea appointed to euerie preacher a man to lead him in the stréet he caused them go farre before and he and doctor Sands came behind whome he would not lead but walked familiarlie line 60 with him Yet doctor Sands was knowne and the people euerie where praied to God to comfort him to strengthen him in the truth By that time the peoples minds were altered poperie began to be vnsauerie After they passed the bridge the kéeper Thomas Waie said to doctor Sands I perceiue the vaine people would set you forward to the fire you are as vaine as they if you being a yoong man will stand in your own conceit prefer your own knowledge before the iudgement of so manie worthie prelats ancient learned and graue men as be in this relme If you so doo you shal find me as strict a kéeper as one that vtterlie misliketh your religion Doctor Sands answered I know my yeares yoong and my learning small it is inough to know Christ crucified and he hath learned nothing that séeth not the great blasphemie that is in poperie I will yeeld vnto God and not vnto man I haue read in the scriptures of manie godlie and
ad aliquem portum in balliua tua applicuerit aut aliquis nunciâ—rum eius eum retineri faâ—ias donec mandatum nostrum indè receperis Et similiter praecipimus quòd omnes literas papae aut magni alicuius viri quae illic venerint facias retineri The English wherof is thus We command you that if the elect of Yorke shall arriue at any port or hauen within your bailiwicke or any messenger of his that you cause them to be arested and kept till you haue commandement from vs therein And we command you likewise to stay attach and keepe all letters that come from the pope or any other great man Likewise whereas Baldwine archbishop of Canturburie hauing taken his iournie into the holie land and arriuing there before the king chanced to depart this life at Tyrus the last yeere vpon the feast daie of S. Edmund the chancellour found meanes to keepe that sée also vacant that he might receiue the profits thereof during the vacation and find meanes to be prepared to it in the end But as touching the sée of Yorke although he had as before is said made his hand of the reuenues belonging to the same from time to time at his pleasure yet now after that he heard how Geffrey had receiued the pall he made hauocke wasting spoiling all that would yeeld him anie monie without respect of right or wrong Moreouer he caused the hauens to be watched with commandement giuen to the townes on the sea coast that they should not suffer the archbishop Geffrey to take land At length yet he arriued at Douer where he was by the foresaid Matthew de Clere first staied and after taken out of the abbeie by the chancellours commandement and committed to prison within the castell where a Noble man that had maried the chancellors sister was capteine The newes of whose imprisonment was anon bruted thorough the realme wherewith the Nobles fretted and the commons curssed finallie all men detested such tyrannie in the chancellour But namelie the kings brother earle Iohn stormed at the matter and with all spéed assembled an armie out of those places where he bare rule increasing the number with a power of Welshmeir There came to him the bishop of Winchester with manie earles and barons also the bishop of Bath and Chester which line 10 latelie before had béene chéefe fauourers of the chancellour in all his dooings but now that the world was changed they shewed themselues the most earnest enimies he had as well in words as déeds In an assemblie of all the bishops of England all those were excommunicate in solemne wise with candels light and other such ceremonies which had either giuen commandement or were present as partakers to pull out of the church the archbishop of Yorke or his people by violence and had imprisoned line 20 them in maner as before yée haue heard but this was after the archbishop was set at libertie as shuld appeare by Matthew Paris for the chancellour repenting himselfe though now too late of his cruell dealing against the archbishop of Yorke wherewith he had kindled such a brand against him commanded the said archbishop namelie at the instant sute of the bishop of London or rather at the commandement of earle Iohn as Houeden saith to be set at libertie But the displeasure once kindled in the hearts of the line 30 Nobles could not so easilie be quenched with his deliuerie as it was spéedilie set on fire by his imprisonment so that they being now in armour purposed to abate the pride of the chancellour and to deliuer the common-wealth of such an vglie tyrant And to begin they summoned and assigned him a peremptorie day to appeare at Reading to make answer vnto such iniuries as he had doone against the archbishop of Yorke and the bishop of Durham sithens the departure line 40 of his souereigne lord the king At which day there came to Reading earle Iohn and the archbishop of Rouen with manie other bishops earles and barons abiding there all that day to sée if the chancellour would appeare or no but he came not wherevpon they prepared to march foorth towards London and therewithall set forward in like maner He on the other side being a man of a great courage had gathered an armie of such strangers and other his fréends as he could make and therewith went foorth and encamped neere to Windsor line 50 there to abide his aduersaries and to giue them battell if they came forward and would abide it But when they approched and he perceiued also how diuerse of his freends shranke from him and went to his enimies he durst not attempt the hazard of a field but fled backe to London and there withdrew into the tower with all his host bicause he durst not commit himselfe to the doubtfull fellowship of the citizens Through his great pride and statelie port line 60 which he mainteined as partlie yée haue heard he had procured to himselfe no small hatred amongst all degrees of men and namelie such as by the kings appointment ought to haue beene parteners with him in gouernement of the realme sore repined at his presumptuous proceedings for that he disdained as it séemed to vse their aduise or to ioine them with him in the administration of things so that now in time of his trouble he wist not in whome he might put his trust After he was thus retired into the tower of London earle Iohn the archbishop of Rouen and the other bishops earles and barons associated togither against him followed him at the héeles entered the citie and besieged the tower on ech side On the morrow after being the fourth day after the octaues of saint Michaell they came togither into Paules churchyard where they publikelie declared the iniurious wrongs doone and practised by the chancellour namelie against the archbishop of Yorke and the bishop of Durham Those also that had beene appointed as associats with him accused him in that he had taken vpon him to rule and gouerne all things after his owne will not vouchsafing to haue their aduise or councell in such sort as had béene conuenient The archbishop of Rouen and William Marshall earle of Pembroke shewed there before all the people the kings letters which he had sent from Messina appointing that they should be associats with him in gouernment of the kingdome and that without the counsell and aduice of them and others assigned therto he should not meddle with the rule of the land and that if he should doo any thing to the hinderance of the common-wealth or séeke to meddle with the affaires of the realme without their good aduise that then he should be deposed Héerevpon it seemed good to earle Iohn and to all the bishops earles and barons of the realme and to the citizens of London there assembled that the said chancellour should be deposed and so they proceeded and deposed him indéed appointing the archbishop of
all those other townes which had not yéelded to deliuer vp their keies vnto the Frenchmen as Arques Uernueill and others Moreouer the townes in Poictou Touraine and Aniou which king Iohn had recouered latelie before did now againe being in no small feare yeeld themselues vnto king Philip so that of all the townes within those countries there remained none vnder the English obeisance saue onelie Rochell Tours Niorth and a few other Thus Normandie which king Rollo had purchased and gotten 316 yeares before that present time was then recouered by the French men to the great reproch and dishonour of the English in this yeare 1204. About this time quéene Elianor the mother of king Iohn departed this life consumed rather through sorow and anguish of mind than of any other naturall infirmitie In this sixt yeare of king Iohns reigne at Oxeford in Suffolke as Fabian saith although I shâ—â—â—ke he be deceiued in the time a fish was taken by fishâ—rs in their nets as they were at sea resembling in sâ—ape a wild or sauage man whome they presented vnto sir Bartholomew de Glanuille knight that had then the kéeping of the castell of Oreford in Suffolke He was naked and in all his liues and members line 10 resembling the right proportion of a man he had haires also in the vsuall parts of his bodie albeit that the crowne of his head was bald his beard was long and rugged and his breast hairie The knight caused him to be kept certeine daies nights from the sea meâ—t set afore him he greedilie deuoured did eat fish both raw and sod Those that were raw he pressed in his hand till he had thrust out all the moisture and so then did eat them He would not or could not vtter any speach although to trie him they line 20 hung him vp by the héeles and miserablie tormented him He would get him to his couch at the setting of the sunne and rise againe at the rising of the same One day they brought him to the hauen and suffered him to go into the sea but to be sure he should not escape from them they set â—hrée ranks of mightie strong nets before him so to catch him againe at their pleasure as they imagined but he streightwaies diuing downe to the bottome of the water got past all the nets and comming vp shewed himselfe line 30 to them againe that stood waiting for him and dowking diuerse times vnder water and comming vp againe he beheld them on the shore that stood still looking at him who seemed as it were to mocke them for that he had deceiued them got past their nets At length after he had thus sported himselfe a great while in the water and that there was no more hope of his returne he came to them againe of his owne accord swimming through the water and remained with them two moneths after But finallie line 40 when he was negligentlie looked to and now séemed not to be regarded he fled secretlie to the sea and was neuer after séene nor heard of ¶ Thus much out of Rafe Coghshall who affirmeth that this chanced in the daies of Henrie the second about the 33 of his reigne as Iohn Stow in his summarie hath also noted Which report of theirs in respect of the strangnesse thereof might séeme incredible speciallie to such as be hard of beléefe and refuse to giue faith and credit to any thing but what their line 50 owne eies haue sealed to their consciences so that the reading of such woonders as these is no more beneficiall to them than to carrie a candle before a blind man or to sing a song to him that is starke deafe Neuerthelesse of all vncouth and rare sights speciallie of monstruous appearances we ought to be so farre from hauing little regard that we should rather in them and by them obserue the euent and falling out of some future thing no lesse miraculous in the issue than they be woonderfull at the sudden line 60 sight This was well noted of a philosopher who to the purpose among other matters by him touched hath spoken no lesse pithilie than crediblie saieng Nec fieri aut errore aut câ—su monstra putandum Cum certas habeant causas vt tristia monstrent Vnde ilâ—as nomen quare portenta vocantur The war was mightilie mainteined all this while betwixt them of Poictou and Aquitaine and manie sharpe incounters chanced betwixt the parties of which the one following the king of Englands lieutenant Robert de Turneham valiantlie resisted the other that held with the French king vnder the conduct of William de Roches Hugh le Brun earle of March chiefe leaders of that faction But Robert 〈…〉 The bishop of London was sent ambassador from king Iohn vnto the emperour vpon certeine earnest businesse The duke of Loâ—â—inâ— and the earle of Bullongne were made friends by the French kings 〈◊〉 and promised to inuade England with an armie and to make warre against king Iohn for the withholding of such lands and reuenues as they claimed to be due vnto them in right of their wiues King Philip also vndertooke to follow them within a moneth after they should be entred into England thus did the French king seeke to make him strâ—ng with fréends which â—aâ—lie fell from king Iohn â—n ech hand ¶ Godfrey bishop of Winchester that was son to the lord Richard de Lâ—â—ie departed this life This yeare the king was on Christmasse day at Tenkesburie where he staied not past one day The 14 day of Ianuarie it began to fréeze and so continued till the 22 of March with such extremitie that the husbandmen could not make their â—ilth by reason wherof in the summer following corne began to grow to an excessiue price so that wheat was sold by the quarter at 12 shillings of monie then currant This yeare about the feast of Pentecost the king by the aduise of his councell assembled at Northampton prepared a nauie of ships mustered souldiers and shewed great tokens that he would renew the war and séeke to be reuenged of his enimie the French king The Nobles of the realme indeuoured themselues also to match the diligence of the king in this preparation vpon an earnest desire to reuenge the iniuries latelie doone to the common-wealth Now when all things were readie and the ships fraught with vittels armour and all other prouisions necessarie the king came to Porchester there to take the sea purposing verelie to passe ouer into France in hope of such faire promises as his fréends of Normandie and Poictou had made in sending oftentimes to him to procure him with spéed to come to their succours But as the king was readie to enter on shipboord Hubert archbishop of Canturburie and William Marshall earle of Penbroke came to him and with manie great reasons went about to persuade him to staie his iournie Who although he was verie loath to follow their
extinguish the sedition whereof he himselfe had beene no small kindler which was like to grow if the Nobilitie were not pacified the sooner talked with the king and exhorted his grace verie instantlie to satisfie the requests of his barons and herewith did shew the booke of the articles which they had deliuered vnto him The king when he saw what they demanded which in effect was a new order in things touching the whole state of the common wealth sware in a great furie that he would neuer condescend vnto those petitions Whereof when the barons had knowledge they gat them strait vnto armour making their assemblie at Stamford in the Easter weeke whither they had drawne vnto them almost the whole Nobilitie and gathered an excéeding great armie For the commons flocked vnto them from euerie part bicause the king was generallie hated of the more part of his subiects It was coniectured that there were in that armie the number of two thousand knights beside yeomen on horssebacke or demilances as I may call them and footemen apparelled in diuerse sorts of armour The chiefe ringleaders of this power were these whose names insue Robert Fitz Walter Eustace Uescie Richard Percie Robert Roos Peter de Breuse Nicholas de Stuteuill Saer earle of Winchester line 10 Robert erle of Clare Henrie earle of Clare Richard earle de Bigot William de Mowbray William de Cressey Ralfe Fitz Robert Robert de Uere Foulke Fitz Warren Will. Mallet William de Montacute William de Beauchampe Simon de Kime William Marshall the yoonger William Manduit Robert de Montibigonis Iohn Fitz Robert Iohn Fitz Alane G. Lauale O. Fitz Alane W. de Hobrug O. de Uales G. de Gaunt line 20 Maurice de Gaunt Robert de Brakesley Robert de Mounfichet Will. de Lanualley G. de Maundeuile earle of Essex William his brother William de Huntingfield Robert de Gresley G. constable of Menton Alexander de Panton Peter Fitz Iohn Alexander de Sutton Osbert de Bodie Iohn constable of Chester Thomas de Muleton Conan Fitz Helie and manie other they had also of councell with them as chiefe the archbishop of Canturburie The king as then was at Oxford who hearing of the assemblie which the barons made and that they line 30 were come to Brakesley on the mondaie next after the octaues of Easter he sent vnto them the archbishop of Canturburie in whom he reposed great confidence and William Marshall earle of Penbroke to vnderstand what they meant by that their assembling thus togither Wherevpon they deliuered to the same messengers a roll conteining the ancient liberties priuiledges and customs of the realme signifieng that if the king would not confirme the same they would not cease to make him warre till line 40 he should satisfie their requests in that behalfe The archbishop and the earle returning to the king shewed him the whole circumstance of that which the barons demanded who tooke great indignation thereat and scornefullie said Why doo they not aske to haue the kingdome also Finallie he affirmed with an oth that he would neuer grant any such liberties whereby he should become a slaue Herevpon the archbishop and the earle of Penbroke line 50 returned to the barons and declared the kings deniall to confirme their articles Then the barons naming their hoast The armie of God and the holie church set forward and first came vnto Northampton and besieging the towne when they could not preuaile bicause the same was well prouided for defense aforehand they departed from thence and came towards Bedford to besiege the castell there in which sir William Beauchampe was capteine who being secretlie confederate with them deliuered line 60 the place incontinentlie into their hands Whilest they remained here a certeine time to fortifie and furnish the castell with necessarie prouision there came letters to them from London giuing them to vnderstand that if they would send a conuenient power of souldiers to defend the citie the same should be receiued thereinto at some meet and reasonable time in the night season by the citizens who would ioine with them in that quarell against the king to the vttermost of their powers The lords were glad of these newes to haue the chiefe citie of the realme to take part with them and therfore they sent foure bands of souldiers streightwaies thither which were brought into the citie in the night season according to order aforehand taken But as Matt. Paris saith they were receiued into the citie by Algate the 24 of Maie being sundaie whilest the citizens were at masse The next day they made open rebellion tooke such as they knew fauoured the king brake into the houses of the Iewes spoiled them The barons hauing thus gotten possession of the citie of London wrote letters vnto all those lords which as yet had not ioined with them in this confederacie threatening that if they refused to aid them now in this necessitie they would destroie their castels manours parkes and other possessions making open warre vpon them as the enimies of God and rebels to the church These were the names of those lords which yet had not sworne to mainteine the foresaid liberties William Marshall earle of Penbroke Rainulfe earle of Chester Nicholas earle of Salisburie William earle Warren William erle of Albemarle H. earle of Cornewall W. de Albenie Robert de Ueipount Peter Fitz Herbert Brian de Lisley G. de Lucie G. de Furniuall Thomas Basset H. de Braibrooke I. de Bassingborne W. de Cantlow H. de Cornwall Iohn Fitz Hugh Hugh de Neuill Philip de Albenie Iohn Marshall and William Brewer All these vpon receipt of the barons letters or the more part of them came to London and ioined themselues with the barons vtterlie renouncing to aid king Iohn Also the plées in the eschequer ceased and the shiriffes staied from executing their office For there was none that would paie anie monie to the kings vse nor anie that did obeie him in somuch that there remained with him but onelie seuen horssemen of all his traine at one time as some write though soone after he had a great power which came to him to the castell of Windsore where he then laie and meant to haue led the same against the lords with all spéed But hearing now of this new rebellion of the Londoners he changed his purpose and durst not depart from Windsore being brought in great doubt least all the other cities of the realme would follow their example Herevpon he thought good to assaie if he might come to some agreement by waie of communication and incontinentlie sent his ambassadours to the barons promising them that he would satisfie their requests if they would come to Windsore to talke with him Howbeit the lords hauing no confidence in his promise came with their armie within thrée miles of Windsore and their pitcht downe their tents in a medow betwixt Stanes and Windsore whither
abode but with all speed returned and reteined two hundred Rutters out of the duke of Brabants countries and with them certeine crosbowes These were eger souldiers and bloudie but yet the Gascoignes prepared themselues to resist them all that they might howbeit the earle put them still to the worse Before his last returne from thence he had raced the castell of Fronsacke flat with the ground and likewise left desolate the castell of Egremount About this season one of the kings iustices named Henrie de Bath fell in the kings displeasure bicause he was accused that he had not exercised his office vprightlie but to his owne priuat gaine and peruerted iustice through bribes vpon occasion of a suit mooued betwixt him and one Euerard de Trumpington he was appealed of falshood and treason by Sir Philip Darcie knight His wife was of kin to the Bassets and Samfords the which procured him great freendship at the hands of the earle of Cornewall and of Iohn Mansell and other of the kings councell But for all that they could doo he was in great danger to haue lost his life at the parlement holden that yeare and begun on the sixtéenth day of Februarie For the king was so sore mooued against him that he caused proclamation to be made that if any man had any thing to laie against the said Henrie de Bath they should come foorth and their information should be heard Herevpon diuerse came and presented their complaints and amongst other one of his owne fellowes that was a iustice also declared that he had suffered an offendor conuict to escape vnpunished for a bribe which he receiued to the preiudice of the king and the danger of his associats the other iustices whereas it is required of one put in trust with the administration of lawes to be vncorrupt and sound in iudgement according to this true position Iudicis est recti nâ—c munere nec prece flecti The king herewith rose vp in a great fume and said openlie If any man will slea Henrie of Bath he shall not be impeached for his death for I doo here plainelie declare him acquit and guiltlesse for the same Herewith diuerse would haue run vpon him to haue murdered him but that Iohn Mansell staied their outrage shewing them that the king might well herafter repent the words which he spake thus in his furie and those that should doo any violence line 10 vnto the man were not like to escape punishment for both the bishop of London would suerlie accurse them and other of his fréends would not faile to séeke reuenge by temporall force and thus was Henrie of Bath in the kings high displeasure for the time Howbeit at length through intercession of the earle of Cornewall and the bishop of London he was put to his fine and pardoned About the same time Athelmare the kings halfe brother was confirmed bishop of Winchester by the pope although he was thought scarselie sufficient to line 20 haue the place for lacke of learning and ripe yeares About this time also the bishops assembling at Dunstable tooke aduise togither how to preuent the archbishop of Canturburie that he should not visit and in the end they concluded to send their procurator vnto the court of Rome to trie what purchase might be made there for monie to staie the licence and not to sticke for the disbursing of foure thousand marks if néed required Their procurator did so much in the line 30 matter that he found the pope fauourable vnto his cause though no determinate answer was giuen of a long time till at length to gratifie the archbishop and his kin as the duke of Sauoy and other the pope granted him licence to visit but not generallie for he might not visit anie parish church except the person required him thereto And whereas he had libertie to visit conuentuall churches yet might he not receiue for procuracies aboue foure marks For this moderation to be had the procurator for the bishops line 40 gaue vnto the pope six thousand marks The same yeare the bishop of Lincolne visited the religious houses within his diocesse to vnderstand what rule was kept amongst them vsing the matter somewhat strictlie as they thought for he entred into the chambers of the moonks searched their beds And comming to the houses of the nuns he went so néere as to cause their breasts to be tried that he might vnderstand of their chast liuings In Lent following he was suspended by the pope bicause he line 50 would not suffer an Italian that had no skill of the English toong to inioy a prebend in his church which the pope had giuen to the same Italian In this season Wales was brought to be subiect vnto the English lawes and that part which ioineth to Cheshire was committed to the custodie of Alain lord Zouch â—he which gaue for hauing of the profits thereof to farme 11 hundred marks and supplanted lord Iohn Graie which should haue had it for fiue hundred Certeine vsurers and strangers borne called Caorsini line 60 had bought faire houses at London and so remained there as inhabitants occupieng their trade without controlment for the prelats durst not speake against them bicause they alleged themselues to be the merchants of the popes highnesse and the citizens durst not trouble them bicause they were defended by certeine noble men whose monie as was said they occupied to gaine after the manner of the court of Rome Howbeit at length they were called before the ciuill magistrate by the kings procurement and grieuouslie accused for their vnlawfull occupieng of vsurie and some of them committed to prison the residue hid themselues out of the way till at length for a summe of monie they were licenced to be at rest and so continued for a season The Iewes reioised hereat to haue fellowes with them in their miserie In this season also there depended a controuersie betwixt the archbishop of Canturburie with the bishop of London and his canons of Paules so that the said bishop of London the deane of Paules and other of the 〈◊〉 were excommunicated But the bishop perceiuing which way the world went reconciled himselfe as for the deane he stood long in the matter at length went himselfe to the pope to vtter his gréefe This controuersie hanged long betwixt them and was handled in such wise that â—aie-men laughed at their dooings for now and then whom the pope commanded to be absolued their aduersaries by colour of the popes authoritie would command to be excommunicated The first day of Iulie the earle of Leicester in Gascoigne ouercame manie of the kings enimies and tooke from them a fortresse called Chattellon On S. Dunstans day there was a maruellous sore tempest of weather the aire being darkened on euerie side from the foure corners thereof and withall chanced such a thunder as few the like had béene heard of First
French king whom they chose as arbitrator betwixt them Herevpon on the thirtéenth of September both the king and quéene with their sonnes and diuerse other of the nobles of this land tooke shipping and sailed ouer to Bullongne where the French king as then was at a parlement with a great number of the nobles and péeres of France The earle of Leicester also with diuerse of his complices went thither and there the matter was opened argued and debated before the French king who in the end vpon due examination and orderlie hearing of the whole processe of all their controuersies gaue expresse sentence that all and euerie of the said statutes and ordinances deuised at Oxford should be from thencefoorth vtterlie void and all bonds and promises made by king Henrie or anie other for performance of them should likewise be adnihilated fordoone and clearelie cancelled The barons highlie displeased herewith refused to stand to the French kings award herein bicause he had iudged altogither on the kings side Wherevpon after they were returned into the realme either partie prepared for warre but yet about the feast of S. Edward the king and the barons eftsoones met at London holding a new parlement at Westminster but no good could be doone Then when the king of Almaine and prince Edward with others of the kings councell saw that by rapine oppression and extortion practised by the barons against the kings subiects as well spirituall as temporall the state of the realme and the kings honour was much decaied and brought in manner vnto vtter ruine they procured the king to withdraw secretlie from Westminster vnto Windsore castell of which his sonne prince line 10 Edward had gotten the possession by a traine From Windsore he went to Reading and from thence to Wallingford and so to Oxford hauing a great power with him At his being at Oxford there came vnto him the lord Henrie son to the king of Almaine Iohn earle Warren Roger Clifford Roger Leiborne Haimond le Strange and Iohn de Uaux which had reeuolted from the barons to the kings side Iohn Gifford also did the like but he shortlie after returned to line 20 the barons part againe The kings sonne the lord Edward had procured them thus to reuolt promising to euerie of them in reward by his charter of grant fiftie pounds lands to aid the king his father and him against the barons After this the king went to Winchester and from thence came backe vnto Reading and then he marched foorth with his armie vnto Douer where he could not be suffered to come into the castell being kept line 30 out by the lord Richard Gray that was capteine there Herevpon he returned to London where the barons againe were entred through fauour of the commoners against the will of the chéefe citizens and here they fell eftsoones to treat of agréement but their talke profited nothing And so in the Christmasse wéeke the king year 1264 with his sonne prince Edward and diuerse other of the councell sailed ouer againe into France and went to Amiens where they found the French king and a great number of his Nobles Also for the barons Peter de Montford and other were line 40 sent thither as commissioners and as some write at that present to wit on the 24 daie of Ianuarie the French king sitting in iudgement pronounced his definitiue sentence on the bahalfe of king Henrie against the barons but whether he gaue that sentence now or the yeare before the barons iudged him verie parciall and therefore meant not to stand vnto his arbitrement therein The king hauing ended his businesse with the French king returned into England and came to line 50 London the morrow after S. Ualentines day And about seuen or eight daies after the lord Edward his eldest sonne returned also and hearing that the barons were gone to the marshes of Wales where ioining with the Welshmen they had begun to make warre against the kings freends and namelie against his lieutenant Roger lord Mortimer whome they had besieged in the castell of Wigmore the lord Edward therevpon with such power as he could get line 60 togither marched thitherwards to raise their siege but the lord Mortimer perceiuing himselfe in danger fled priuilie out of the castell and got to Hereford whither the prince was come The barons inforced their strength in such wise that they wan the castell Prince Edward on the other side tooke the castels of Haie and Huntington that belonged vnto the earle of Hereford yoong Henrie de Boun. The castell of Brecknoc was also deliuered into his hands which he béetooke to the kéeping of the lord Roger de Mortimer with all the territorie thereto belonging Robert earle of Darbie that tooke part with the barons besieged the citie of Worcester and tooke it by the old castell sacked the citizens goods and constreined the Iewes to be baptised The citie of Glocester also was taken by the barons but prince Edward following them and reparing the bridge ouer Seuerne which the barons had broken downe after they were come ouer he entred the castell of Glocester with his people The next day by procurement of Walter bishop of Worcester a truce was taken betwixt prince Edward and the barons that had taken the towne during the which truce the barons left the towne and the burgesses submitted themselues vnto prince Edward and so he hauing the castell and towne in his hands imprisoned manie of the burgesses fined the towne at the summe of a thousand pounds Then he drew towards his father lieng at Oxford or at Woodstoke gathering people togither on ech hand In the meane time the lords drew towards London and the new assurance by writing indented was made betweene the communaltie of the citie and the barons without consent of any of the rulers of the citie The commoners herewith appointed of themselues two capteins which they named constables of the citie that is to saie Thomas Piwelsoon Stephan Bukerell by whose commandement and â—olling of the great bell of Paules all the citie was warned to be readie in harnesse to attend vpon the said two capteins About the beginning of Lent the constable of the towre sir Hugh Spenser with the said two capteins and a great multitude of the citizens and others went to Thistleworâ—â— and there spoiled the manour place of the king of Almaine and then set it on fire and destroied the water milles and other commodities which he there had This déed was the cause as some haue iudged of the warre that after insued For where before this time the said king of Almaine had beéne by reason of the alliance betwixt him and the earle of Glocester continuallie an intreater for peace he was now euer after this time an vtter enimie vnto the barons and vnto their side so farre as laie in his power The king hearing of this riotâ—â—us act and being informed
de Bohun earle of Hereford William lord Bardolfe Robert lord of Tatshale Roger lord Somerie Henrie lord Percie Iohn de Balioll Robert de Bruis and Iohn Comin with other barons of Scotland hauing lost all their footmen whom they had brought with them to the kings aid Moreouer it should appeare by some writers that the king being thus in captiuitie was constreined to make a new grant that the statutes of Oxford shuld stand in force and if any were thought vnreasonable the same should be reformed by foure Noble men of the realme of France two of the spiritualtie and two of the temporaltie And if those foure could not agrée then the earle of Anton and the duke of Burgoigne shuld be iudges in the matter ¶ But if either those or the other were appointed to be arbitrators like it is that the former report touching the successe of the battell is true for if both the king and his sonne had béene taken prisoners in the field the barons would suerlie haue constreined him to haue consented to the obseruance of the statutes without putting the same in compromise to be altered at the discretion of any arbitrators and namelie strangers But howsoeuer it was on the tuesday before the Ascension day peace was proclaimed in London betweene the king and the barons and wheras the king either by constreint for safegard of himselfe or his fréends either vpon assurance of the barons promise committed himselfe vnto the companie of the same barons at their comming with him to London they went from this last agréement and foorthwith deuised other ordinances as thus They ordeined that two earles and a bishop which being elected out by the communaltie should choose to them nine other persons and of these three of them should still remaine about the king and by their order and the other nine all things should be gouerned both in the court and in the realme They constreined the king and his sonne prince Edward menacing to depose the one and to kéepe the other in perpetuall prison to consent and agrée to this last ordinance and so the earles of Leicester and Glocester and the bishop of Chichester were ordeined there the cheefe rulers and letters sent with all spéed vnto the cardinall Sabinensis the popes legat and to the king of France to signifie to them that the compromise agréed vpon at Lewes was vtterlie reuoked and that a new peace in freendlie wise was concluded But although the bishops of London Winchester and Worcester instantlie required the said legat that he would helpe to further the same peace yet he fore rebuked them in that they would giue their consent so much to abase and bring vnder the kings roiall power And bicause he might not be suffered to enter the realme he first cited them to appeare before him at Bullongne And whereas they séemed to contemne his authoritie and appeared not he both suspended the said three bishops and excommunicated the said earles of Leicester and Glocester and their complices with the citie of London and the cinque ports but the foresaid bishops earles and barons feigning to make their appeales to the popes consistorie or if néed were vnto a generall councell and so foorth though indeed trusting more to the temporall line 10 sword than fearing the spirituall they did not forbeare to saie and heare diuine seruice in churches and else-where as before they had doone till the comming of the cardinall Othobone The capteines and men of warre whom the king had left at Tunbridge immediatlie vpon the agréement concluded betwixt the king and the barons were commanded by the K. to depart repaire euerie man to his home but they fearing the malice of their enimies would not breake in sunder but kéeping line 20 togither went strait to Bristowe and there remained till the lord Edward the kings sonne was escaped out of captiuitie But this is to be remembred that before their departure from Tunbridge when by report of William de Saie who escaping from the battell at Lewes was come thither they vnderstood how the matter had passed on both sides and that the Londoners being chased out of the field were lodged at Croidon about the euening tide they came thither and assailing them in their lodgings line 30 slue manie and wan a great spoile The earle of Leicester and the barons hauing the rule of the king and realme in their hands sought to oppresse all such as they knew to be against them and not to like of their procéedings namelie the northerne lords and those of the marshes of Wales as the lord Mortimer and others but waxing herewith wilfull they vsed things with small discretion which at length brought them to confusion For the foure sonnes of the earle of Leicester Henrie Guie Simon and an line 40 other Henrie which had serued right worthilie indéed on the daie of the battell began to waxe so proud that in comparison of themselues they despised all others The lords of the marshes of Wales as Roger de Mortimer Iames de Audelie Roger de Clifford Roger de Leiborne Haimon le Strange Hugh Turberuile and other that had escaped from the battell at Lewes began to make against them that had thus vsurped the rule of the land vnder colour of line 50 hauing the king in their hands The earle of Leicester aduertised hereof ioined in league with Leolin prince of Wales and comming with the king into those parts entered into the castell of Hereford into the which he remooued the lord Edward from Douer where he was first kept in ward after he had yéelded himselfe at Lewes After this the earle of Leicester recouered the castell of Haie and wasting the lands and manours of the lord Mortimer constreined Hugh Mortimer to yéeld himselfe so that line 60 his castell called Richar and other his possessions were committed to the kéeping of the lord Iohn Fitz Iohn Robert de Ferrers earle of Darbie with a great puissance of horssemen and footmen came to Chester in fauour of the earle of Leicester against whome although William de Cousche and Dauid brother to the prince of Wales taking the contrarie part with the lord Iames Audelie and other came to incounter yet they durst not abide him but fled and lost an hundred of their men In the meane time the earle of Leicester procéeding in his businesse wan the castell of Ludlow and after marching towards Montgomerie whither the lords Roger de Mortimer and Iames Audelie were withdrawne he constreined them at length to a feigned agreement so that they gaue hostages promising to come to the next parlement that was appointed to be holden where they were banished the land for a twelue moneths and all the castels on the marshes in manner from Bristow to Chester were deliuered to the earle After this as by Nicholas Triuet it appeareth there was a great assemblie of men of warre made out of all parts of the
men as could be well aboord in ninetéene gallies There were manie slaine on both parts in atchiuing this enterprise but more of the Frenchmen than of the Englishmen About the same time the quéene of England was deliuered of his fourth sonne in the towne of Gaunt the which line 60 was named Iohn first created earle of Richmond and after duke of Lancaster He was borne about Christmasse in the thirteenth yere of king Edwards reigne year 1340 When king Edward had finished his businesse with the Flemings at Gaunt he left his wife quéene Philip there still in that towne and returned himselfe vnto Antwerpe and shortlie after about the feast of Candlemasse tooke the sea and came backe into England to prouide for monie to mainteine his begun warres And herevpon about the time of Lent following he called his high court of parlement at Westminster in the which he asked of his commons towards his charges for the recouerie of his right in France the fift part of their mooueable goods the customes of wools for two yeares to be paid aforehand and the ninth sheafe of euerie mans corne At length it was agreed that the king should haue for euerie sacke of wooll fortie shillings for euerie three hundred wooll fels fortie shillings and for euerie last of leather fortie shillings and for other merchandize after the rate to begin at the feast of Easter in this fouretéenth yeare of the kings reigne and to indure till the feast of Pentecost then next following and from that feast till the feast of Pentecost then next insuing into one yeare for which the king granted that from the feast of Pentecost which was then to come into one yeare he nor his heires should not demand assesse nor take nor suffer to be assessed or taken more custome of a sacke of wooll of any Englishman but halfe a marke and vpon the wooll fels and leather the old former custome Beside this the citizens and burgesses of cities and good townes granted to giue the ninth part of all their goods and the forren merchants and other not liuing of gaine nor of bréeding cattell nor of shéepe should giue the fiftéenth part of all their goods lawfullie to the value for the which he granted that as well now in time of warre as of peace all merchants denizens and forreiners those excepted that were of the enimies countries might without let safelie come into the realme of England with their goods and merchandize and safelie tarie and likewise returne paieng the customs subsidies and profits resonable thereof due so alwaies that the franchises and frée customs granted by him or his predecessours reasonablie to the citie of London and other cities burroughes and townes might alwaies to them be saued Moreouer there was granted vnto him the ninth sheafe the ninth fléece and ninth lambe to be taken by two yeares next comming And for the leuieng thereof the lords of euerie shire through the land were appointed to answer him euerie one for the circuit within the which he dwelled And bicause the king must néeds occupie much monie yer the receit of this subsidie could come to his hands he borowed in the meane time manie notable summes of diuerse cities and particular persons of this land amongst the which he borrowed of the citie of London 20000 marks to be paied againe of the monie comming of the foresaid subsidie In the meane while now that king Edward was come backe into England the warres were hotlie pursued against his fréends that had their lands néere to the borders of France and namelie against sir Iohn de Heinault lord Beaumont for the French men burned all his lands of Chimaie except the fortresses and tooke from thence a great preie All the frontiers were full of men of warre lodged within townes in garrison as at Tournie Mortaigne S. Amond Dowaie Cambrie and in other smaller fortresses These men of warre late not idle but were dooing oftentimes in Flanders and sometime otherwhere neither was the countrie of Heinault spared though the earle as yee haue heard did not onelie refuse to serue the king of England against France but also when the same king entred France he resorted to the French king and serued him yet by the suggestion of the bishop of Cambrie who complained of the Hainniers for the damages which they had doone him the French garrisons of the frontiers thereabouts were commanded to make a road into that countrie which they did burning the towne of Asper and brought from thence a great bootie The earle of Heinault sore mooued therewith to haue his lands so spoiled and burnt defied the French king and ioining with his vncle the lord Beaumont entred with an armie into Thierasse tooke destroied Aubenton with Mawbert Fonteine Daubecuille and diuerse other In this meane time the French king procured the pope to pronounce his cursse against the Flemings for their rebellion and to suspend all diuine seruice that ought to be said in anie hallowed place so that there were no priests to be found that would take vpon them to saie any diuine seruice wherevpon the Flemings sent ouer into England certeine messengers to giue notice to king Edward how they were line 10 intreated but he sent them word that he would bring at his comming ouer vnto them priests that should saie masses and other seruice whether the pope would or not for he had priuilege so to doo ¶ In Aprill William Melton archbishop of Yorke departed this life after whome variance rose in the election of a new gouernour to that church so that two were elected William la Zouch and William Killesbie but at length William la Zouch tooke place being the 43 archbishop that had sit in that seat ¶ The earles of line 20 Salisburie and Suffolke which were left in Flanders by king Edward to helpe the Flemings shortlie after Ester or as other haue in the time of Lent were discomfited by the garrison of Lisle and taken prisoners as they would haue passed by that towne to haue ioined with Iaques Arteueld meaning to besiege Tournie but now by the taking of those two earles that enterprise was broken The duke of Normandie with a great armie entered into Heinault burning and wasting the countrie euen to the gates line 30 of Ualenciennes and Quesnoy And thus were they occupied in those parts whilest the king of England prepared himselfe with all diligence to returne into Flanders The French king being aduertised that the king of England meant shortlie to returne into Flanders with a great power in purpose to inuade the realme of France on that side assembled a nauie of foure hundred ships vnder the leading of three expert capteins of the warres by sea as sir Hugh Kiriell sir line 40 Peter Bahuchet and a Geneweis named Barbe Noir appointing them to the coasts of Flanders to defend the king of England from
in the beginning of this parlement were openlie called Robert Uéer duke of Ireland Alexander Neuill archbishop of Yorke Michaell de la Poole earle of Suffolke sir Robert Trisilian lord cheefe iustice of England to answer Thomas of Woodstoke duke of Glocester Richard earle of Arundell Henrie earle of Derbie and Thomas earle of Notingham vpon certeine articles of high treason which these lords did charge them with And forsomuch as none of these appeared it was ordeined by the whole assent of the parlement that they should be banished for euer and their lands and goods mooueable and vnmooueable to be forfeit and seized into the kings hands their lands intailed onelie excepted Shortlie after was the lord chéefe iustice Robert Trisilian found in an apothecaries house at Westminster lurking there to vnderstand by spies dailie what was doone in the parlement he was descried by one of his owne men and so taken and brought to the duke of Glocester who caused him forthwith the same daie to be had to the tower and from thence drawne to Tiburne and there hanged On the morrow after sir Nicholas Brambre that sometime had beene maior of London was brought foorth to iudgement and condemned although he had manie fréends that made sute to saue his life This man had doone manie oppressions within the citie of London as was reported In his maioraltie he caused great monstruous stocks to be made to imprison men therein and also a common axe to strike off the heads of them which should resist his will and pleasure for he was so highlie in the kings fauour that he might doo what he would And the report went that he had caused eight thousand or more to be indicted which before had taken part with the lords intending to haue put them all to death if God had not shortened his daies Manie other euill fauoured reports went abroad of him as that he meant to haue changed the name of London and to haue named it little Troie of which citie baptised with that new name he purposed to be intituled duke But these were forged rumors deuised and spred abroad in those daies as manie other were partlie by the vaine imagination of the people and partlie of purpose to bring those whome the king fauoured further out of the peoples liking But now touching sir Nicholas Brambre in the end being thus called to answer his transgressions he was found giltie and had iudgement neither to be hanged nor drawne but to be beheaded with his owne are which before he had deuised seruing him heerein as Phalaris the tyrant sometime serued Perillus the inuentor of that exquisite line 10 torment of the brasen bull wherein the offendor being put and the counterfet beast by force of fier made glowing hot hauing his toong first cut out through extreamitie of paine made a bellowing alwaies as he cried as if it had béene the verie noise of a naturall bull Of which strange torment Perillus himselfe first tasted suffering death by an engine of his owne deuising which he thought should haue purchased him a good liuing whereof the poet saith Vâ— Phalaris tauro violentus membra Perilli line 20 Torruit infelix imbuit autor opus After this sir Iohn Salisburie sir Iames Berneis both knights and lustie yoong men were by iudgement of parlement drawne and hanged Then folowed Iohn Beauchampe of the Holt lord steward of the kings house that had serued king Edward the third and his sonne Lionell duke of Clarence who likewise by decrée of this parlement was drawne and hanged Also Iohn Blake esquier who in an infortunate houre stood against the lords in the councell line 30 at Notingham was now drawne and hanged and so was one Thomas Uske Last of all or as some hold first of all was sir Simon Burlie beheaded although the earle of Derbie did what he could to saue his life by reason whereof great dissention rose betwixt the said earle and the duke of Glocester for the duke being a sore and a right seuere man might not by any meanes be remooued from his opinion and purpose if he once resolued vpon any matter Some spite he bare as was thought towards the line 40 said sir Simon Burlie both as well for the faithfull fréendship which was growne betwixt the duke of Ireland and the said sir Simon as also for that he looked to haue had such offices and roomes which sir Simon inioied by the kings gratious fauour and grants thereof to him made as the Wardenship of the cinque ports and constableship of the castell of Douer and the office of high chamberleine ¶ But now bicause of all these which were condemned and executed at this parlement in our common chronicles there is least written and in Froissard and line 50 diuerse priuate pamphlets I haue read most of this sir Simon I haue thought good to set downe some part of his life so largelie as this volume may well beare although a great deale more briefe than where I found it This sir Simon was the son of sir Iohn Burlie knight of the garter and brought vp in his youth vnder his kinsman doctor Walter Burlie who as in the latter end of king Edward the third you haue heard was one of the chiefe that had charge in line 60 the bringing vp of the Blacke prince eldest sonne to the said king Edward By this occasion he grew into such fauour with the prince that afterwards the said prince committed vnto him the gouernance of his sonne Richard of Burdeaux who as he was of a genâ—le and courteous nature began then to conceiue so great loue and liking towards him that when he came to the crowne and was king he aduanced him highlie to great honours and promotions in somuch that at one time other he was made knight of the gartâ—r constable of Douer lord Waâ—den of the cinque ports lord chamberleine earle of Huntington and also one of the priuie councell to the king Neither was there any thing doone concerning the affaires apperteining vnto the state without his counsell appointment and direction wherein he so much fauoured and leaned to the partie of the duke of Ireland that he was sore enuied and greatlie hated of diuerse of the rest of the nobilitie speciallie of the kings vncle the duke of Glocester who vpon malice that he bare to the man not so much for his owne demeanour as for his alies and peraduenture for desire of his roomes more than of his life caused him to be accused of diuerse offenses against the crowne realme and church namelie for that he had as they surmized against him spoiled and wasted the kings treasure and withholden the paie of the souldiers and men of warre wherevpon he was arrested called to account hauing no clerke allowed him to make vp the same was found in arrerages 250000 franks And although for one part thereof he demanded allowance of monie which be had
Canturburie denounced an heretike remitted againe line 50 to the Tower of London from which place either by helpe of fréends or fauour of kéepers he priuilie escaped and came into Wales where he remained for a season After this the king kéeping his Christmasse at his manor of Eltham was aduertised that sir Roger Acâ—on knight year 1414 a man of great wit and possessions Iohn Browne esquier Iohn Beuerlie priest and a great number of other were assembled in armour against the king his brethren the clergie and realme line 60 These newes came to the king on the twelfth daie in Christmasse wherevpon vnderstanding that they were in a place called Fiâ—ket field beside London on the backe side of saint Giles he streight got him to his palace at Westminster in as secret wise as he might and there calling to him certeine bands of armed men he repaired into saint Giles fields néere to the said place where he vnderstood they should fullie méet about midnight and so handled the matter that he tooke some and siue some euen as stood with his pleasure The capteins of them afore mentioned being apprehended were brought to the kings presence and to him declared the causes of their commotion rising accusing a great number of their complices The king vsed one policie which much serued to the discomfiting of the aduersaries as Thom. Walsingham saith which was this he gaue order that all the gates of London should be streictlie kept and garded so as none should come in or out but such as were knowen to go to the king Hereby came it to passe that the chiefest succour appointed to come to the capteins of the rebels was by that meanes cut off where otherwise suerlie had it not beene thus preuented and staied there had issued foorth of London to haue ioined with them to the number as it was thought of fiftie thousand persons one and other seruants prentises and citizens confederate with them that were thus assembled in Ficket field Diuerse also that came from sundrie parts of the realme hasting towards the place to be there at their appointed time chanced to light among the kings men who being taken and demanded whither they went with such spéed answered they came to meet with their capteine the lord Cobham But whether he came thither at all or made shift for himselfe to get awaie it dooth not appeare for he could not be heard of at that time as Thomas Walsingham confesseth although the king by proclamation promised a thousand marks to him that could bring him foorth with great liberties to the cities or townes that would discouer where he was By this it maie appeare how greatlie he was beloued that there could not one be found that for so great a reward would bring him to light Among other that were taken was one William Murlie who dwelt in Dunstable a man of great wealth and by his occupation a brewer an earnest mainteiner of the lord Cobhams opinions and as the brute ran in hope to be highlie aduanced by him if their purposed deuise had taken place apparant by this that he had two horsses trapped with guilt harnesse led after him and in his bosome a paire of gilt spurs as it was déemed prepared for himselfe to weare looking to be made knight by the lord Cobhams hands at that present time But when he saw how their purpose quailed he withdrew into the citie with great feare to hide himselfe howbeit he was perceiued taken and finallie executed among others To conclude so manie persons herevpon were apprehended that all the prisons in and about London were full the chiefe of them were condemned by the cleargie of heresie and atteinted of high treason in the Guildhall of London and adiudged for that offense to be drawen and hanged and for heresie to be consumed with fire gallowes and all which iudgement wis executed the same moneth on the said sir Roger Acton and eight and twentie others ¶ Some saie that the occasion of their death was onelie for the conueieng of the lord Cobham out of prison Others write that it was both for treason and heresie and so it appeareth by the record Certeine affirme that it was for feined causes surmized by the spiritualtie more vpon displeasure than truth and that they were assembled to heare their preacher the foresaid Beuerlie in that place there out of the waie from resort of people sith they might not come togither openlie about any such matter without danger to be apprehended as the manner is and hath beene euer of the persecuted flocke when they are prohibited publikelie the exercise of their religion But howsoeuer the matter went with these men apprehended they were and diuerse of them executed as before ye haue heard whether for rebellion or heresie or for both as the forme of the indictment importeth I néed not to spend manie words sith others haue so largelie treated thereof and therefore I refer those that wish to be more fullie satisfied herein vnto their reports Whilest in the Lent season the king laie at Killingworth there came to him from Charles Dolphin of France certeine ambassadors that brought with them a barrell of Paris balles which from their maister they presented to him for a token that was taken in verie ill part as sent in scorne to signifie that it was more méet for the king to passe the time with such childish exercise than to attempt any worthie exploit Wherfore the K. wrote to him that yer ought long he would tosse him some London balles line 10 that perchance should shake the walles of the best court in France ¶ This yeare Thom. Arundell archbishop of Canturburie departed this life a stout prelat and an earnest mainteiner of the Romish religion Henrie Chichelie bishop of saint Dauid succeeded the same Arundell in the sée of Canturburie and the kings confessor Stephan Patrington a Carmelite frier was made bishop of S. Dauid Henrie Persie then but a child sonne to the lord Henrie Persie surnamed Hotspur after his fathers deceasse line 20 that was slaine at Shrewesburie field was conueied into Scotland and there left by his grandfather where euer since he had remained the king therefore pitied his case and so procured for him that he came home and was restored to all his lands and earledome of Northumberland which lands before had béene giuen to the lord Iohn the kings brother A case verie strange and for manie causes alwaies right worthie of remembrance in this yeare 1414 the second of this kings reigne did befall which conteining line 30 in it so manie matters for knowledge of Gods great power and iustice of wilfull breaking his diuine lawes of the easie slip into ruine where his mercie dooth not sâ—aie vs the busie bogging of the diuell alwaies our weakenesse in combat with him into what outrage and confusion he haleth where he is not withstood with what tyrannie
other noble and valiant personages The Frenchmen thus politiklie hauing doone their feat in the beginning of August remooued their armie vnto Fort vnder Yer where by a bridge of tuns they passed into the I le of France The duke of Bedford like a wise prince not minding to leaue the more in ieopardie for hope of the lesse nor the accident for the substance raised his siege and returned to Paris nothing more minding than to trie his quarrell with dint of sword against the enimies if they would thereto agrée And herevpon sent Bedford his herald to the lord Gawcourt and other capteins of the French armie offering them battell and a pitched field within a conuenient time and where they would appoint The French capteins answered the English herald that there was time to gaine and time to lose and for choise of times they would vse their owne discretions Shortlie after Piers Audebeufe constable of the castell of Rone corrupted with monie year 1433 suffered the marshall of France with two hundred other as persons disguised to enter the place by stealth but they were soone espied and driuen to the dungeon where they were constrained to yéeld themselues prisoners of the which some were hanged some headed and some ransomed at the pleasure of the regent This pageant thus plaied the lord regent sent the earle of saint Paule and Robert lord Willoughbie with a competent number of men to besiege the towne of S. Ualerie which the Frenchmen a little before had taken This siege continued the space of thrée wéeks at the end whereof the Frenchmen within yéelded the towne and departed with their horsse and harnesse onelie to them saued The earle put there in garrison fresh and valiant souldiers and appointed capteine there sir Iohn Aubemond ¶ In the same towne whether by infection of aire or by corrupt vittels which the townesmen did eat a great pestilence shortlie after happened which consumed within a small time two parts of the people The earle of saint Paule and the lord Willoughbie returning backe to the regent were ioifullie receiued and within a while after the earle departed from Paris to laie siege to the castell of Mouchas But being incamped néere the towne of Blangie he by a sudden maladie departed this life the last of August leauing his seigniories to Lewes de Lutzenburgh his sonne and heire Bicause this dead earle was father in law to the regent solemne obsequies were kept for him both in Paris and in London In the meane season the Frenchmen entering into high Burgognie burnt tooke and destroied diuerse townes wherevpon the Burgognians assembled a great armie both to reuenge their quarrels and to recouer their townes taken from them To whome as to his freends the duke of Bedford sent the lord Willoughbie and sir Thomas Kiriell with a conuenient number of souldiers which entering into the lands of Laonnois were incountered with a great power of their enimies But after long fight the Frenchmen were ouerthrowne and of them left dead in the field an hundred and sixtie horssemen beside prisoners which after vpon vrgent cause were all killed Whilest these things happened thus in France Iohn lord Talbot gathered togither a crue of chosen men of warre in England year 1434 to the number of eight hundred and sailed into Normandie and passed by Rone to Paris In his waie he tooke the strong castell of Ioing betwéene Beauuois and Gisours and caused all the Frenchmen within to be taken and hanged and after raced and defaced the castell After he had rested himselfe a while at Paris and taken aduise with the councell there what waie it should be best for him to take without prolonging time he with the lord de Lisle Adam and others departed from thence hauing in their retinues sixtéene hundred men of 〈◊〉 And comming to the castell of 〈…〉 vpon Oise whereof was capteine sir Aâ—adour de Uignoils brother to the Hire they found line 10 it abandoned by them that had it in kéeping who were withdrawne to the towne of Creill Thither therefore the lord Talbot followed who slaieng in a skirmish the said Amadour he wan at length the said towne of Creill and after the townes of Pont S. Maxence Neufuile in Esmoie la Rouge maison Crespie in Ualois Cleremont in Beauuois and after with great riches and good prisoners returned to Paris Neither had the lord Talbot such good and prosperous successe alone but the earle of Arundell line 20 also at the verie same season tooke the castell of Bomeline raced it to the ground after he got by force the castell of Dorle from thence came to S. Selerine where the lord Ambrose de Lore being capteine issued out and fought with the Englishmen so egerlie that he droue them backe an arrow shoot by fine force but the earle so incouraged his men that they gaue a fresh onset vpon the Frenchmen and followed it so fiercelie that they slue a great number of them and droue the residue into the towne line 30 After this victorie he besieged Louiers whereof was capteine the Hire and his brother who rendered the towne without assault Then the earle assembling togither a great armie returned againe to S. Selerine inuironed the towne with a strong siege When he had lien there almost thrée moneths euerie daie attempting or dooing somewhat he finallie gaue so fierce an assault that by force he entered the towne and slue Iohn Almaigne and Guilliam saint Albine the chéefe capteins and eight hundred other line 40 men of warre The children of le seigneur de Lore were taken prisoners The earle put new men of warre into the towne and made capteine there sir Iohn Cornewall After this he before the strong towne of Sillie pitched his campe The inhabitants terrified at the losse of saint Selerine deliuered him pledges vpon condition that if they were not rescued within thirtie daies next then they their liues saued should render the towne into his possession which offer was receiued line 50 The French king being aduertised hereof by a post appointed as some saie Arthur earle of Richmont or as other write Iohn duke of Alanson with a great companie of men of warre to go to the rescue of this towne But whether it was the earle or duke certeine it is at his approching to the siege he incamped himselfe by a brooke side ouer the which a man might haue striden perceiuing how stronglie the English were incamped against him he thought it not for his profit to giue battell so in the night season line 60 raised went his waie without further attempt When they within the towne knew that their succours failed they rendered themselues to the mercie of the earle of Arundell who gentlie receiued them and leauing a garrison in the towne departed to Mans and in his waie tooke the castels of Mellaie and saint Laurence About this time the lord Willoughbie
the maior and Londoners in all that he might and so he and other capteins appointed for defense of the citie tooke vpon them in the night to keepe the bridge and would not suffer the Kentishmen once to approch The rebels who neuer soundlie slept for feare of sudden assaults hearing that the bridge was thus kept ran with great hast to open that passage where betwéene both parties was a fierce and cruell fight Matthew Gough perceiuing the rebels to stand to their tackling more manfullie than he thought they would haue doone aduised his companie not to aduance anie further toward Southwarke till the line 10 daie appeared that they might sée where the place of ieopardie rested and so to prouide for the same but this little auailed For the rebels with their multitude draue backe the citizens from the stoops at the bridge foot to the draw bridge began to set fire in diuerse houses Great ruth it was to behold the miserable state wherein some desiring to eschew the fire died vpon their enimies weapon women with children in their armes lept for feare into the riuer other line 20 in a deadlie care how to saue themselues betwéene fire water and sword were in their houses choked and smothered Yet the capteins not sparing fought on the bridge all the night valiantlie but in conclusion the rebels gat the draw bridge and drowned manie and slue Iohn Sutton alderman and Robert Heisand a hardie citizen with manie other beside Matthew Gough a man of great wit and much experience in feats of chiualrie the which in continuall warres had spent his time in seruice of the king and his father line 30 This sore conflict indured in doubtfull wise on the bridge till nine of the clocke in the morning for somtime the Londoners were beaten backe to saint Magnus corner and suddenlie againe the rebels were repelled to the stoops in Southwarke so that both parts being faint and wearie agréed to leaue off from fighting till the next daie vpon condition that neither Londoners should passe into Southwarke nor Kentishmen into London Upon this abstinence line 40 this rakehell capteine for making him more friends brake vp the gailes of the kings Bench and Marshalsie and so were manie mates set at libertie verie méet for his matters in hand The archbishop of Canturburie being chancellor of England and as then for his suertie lieng within the Tower called to him the bishop of Winchester who for some safegard laie then at Haliwell These two prelats séeing the furie of the Kentish people by their late repulse to be somewhat asswaged passed line 50 by the riuer of Thames from the Tower into Southwarke bringing with them vnder the kings great seale a generall pardon vnto all the offendors and caused the same to be openlie published The poore people were so glad of this pardon and so readie to receiue it that without bidding farewell to their capteine they withdrew themselues the same night euerie man towards his home ¶ But Iacke Cade despairing of succours and fearing the reward of his lewd dealings put all his pillage line 60 and goods that he had robbed into a barge and sent it to Rochester by water and himselfe went by land and would haue entred into the castle of Quinborow with a few men that were left about him but he was there let of his purpose wherefore he disguised in strange attire priuilie fled into the wood countrie beside Lewes in Sussex hoping so to scape The capteine his people being thus departed not long after proclamations were made in diuerse places of Kent Sussex and Southerie that whosoeuer could take the foresaid capteine aliue or dead should haue a thousand markes for his trauell A copie of which proclamation touching the apprehension of the said Cade and his complices hereafter followeth A copie of the said writ and proclamation by the king for the taking of the said Cade and his felowship HEnricus Dei gratia rex Angliae Franciae dominus Hiberniae vniuersis singulis custodibus c. For so much as one Iohn Cade borne in Ireland which calleth himselfe Iohn Mortimer in some writing calleth himselfe capteine of Kent the which Iohn Cade the last yeare tofore his dwelling in Sussex with a knight called sir Thomas Dagre slue there a woman with child and for that cause tooke the gréeth of the church and after for that cause forsware the kings land the which Iohn Cade also after this was sworne to the French part and dwelled with them which hath now of late time to the intent to inrich himselfe by robbing and despoiling of the kings liegemen as it is now openlie knowne to bring himselfe to great and high estate falslie and vntruelie deceiued manie of the kings people and vnder colour of holie and good intents made them to assemble with him against the kings regalitie his lawes nought setting by the kings grace and pardons granted not onelie to him but to all the kings subiects the which by his deceit haue assembled with him the which he with great reuerence receiued on mondaie last passed and so did all that were assembled with him Notwithstanding all this he laboureth now of new to assemble the kings people againe and to that intent beareth them on hand that the kings letters of pardon granted to him and them be not auaileable nor of none effect without authoritie of parlement whereas the contrarie is true as it is openlie knowne by that that the king granteth from time to time his charters of pardon to such as him list of all manner of crimes and offenses both generall and speciall The king therefore willeth and commandeth that none of his subiects giue faith nor credence to the said false informations of the said false traitor nor accompanie with him in anie wise nor comfort nor susteine him nor his with vittels nor with anie other things but will whosoeuer of the kings subiects may take him shall take him and that who so euer taketh him and bringeth him quicke or dead to the king or to his councell shall haue a thousand markes for his labour trulie paid him without faile or delaie by the prouision of the kings councell And who so euer taketh anie of those that from this daie foorth accompanie with him shall haue fiue marks for his reward trulie to be paid in maner and forme aboue said And ouer this commanding all constables ministers and officers of the said shire that none of them on paine of death take vpon them to execute anie commandement by word or writing sent or made vnto them by the said Cade calling himselfe Mortimer and capteine be it to reare any people or to any other inten tbut to arest and make so be arested such as take vpon them to bring anie such commandement by writing or by word Et hoc nullatenus omittatis Teste me ipso apud Westm. 10 die Iulij anno
that time deceassed that then after the death of his father and grandfather all the said lands should wholie remaine to the next heire of their bloud either male or female being vnder the obeisance of the French king or his heires Manie other noble men whose hearts were good English made like compositions and some came into England and others went to Calis and bare great offices there as the lord Duras which was marshall of that towne and monsieur Uauclere which was deputie there vnder the earle of Warwike Thus were the Englishmen cléerelie displaced and lost the possession of all the countries townes castels and places within the realme of France so that onelie Calis Hammes and Guines with the marches thereof remained in their hands of all those their dominions and seigniories which they sometime held in the parties beyond the seas Whereby England suffered a partile but not a totall eclipse of hir glorie in continuall loosing nothing gaining of the enimie ¶ Which recouerie was of great facilitie to the French for that where they came they found litle or no resistance but rather a voluntarie submission yéelding as it were with holding vp of hands yer they came to handstroks So that in such victories and conquests consisted small renowme sith without slaughter bloudshed hardie enterprises are not atchiued Notablie therefore speaketh Anglorum praelia line 10 of these bloudlesse and sweatlesse victories saieng Delphinus totos nullo prohibente per agros Francorum transit priùs expugnata receptans Oppida perfacile est populum domuisse volentem Tendentemque manus vltrò nec clarior ornat Gloria vincentem fuso sine sanguine regna This yeare the king made a generall progresse and came to the citie of Excester on mondaie the sixtéenth of Iulie at after noone being the feast daie of saint Kenelme and was receiued from place to line 20 place verie honorablie through the whole countrie Before he came to this citie he was met by all the cleargie in their degrées some thrée miles some two miles and some at the citie all in their copes censing all the waies as they went As soone as he came to this citie he was first conducted to the cathedrall church in all most honourable order When he had doone his oblations he was conueied and lodged in the bishops house During his abode here there was a sessions kept before the duke of Summerset and line 30 certeine men condemned to die for treason and had iudgement to be executed to death The bishop and his clergie vnderstanding hereof with open mouth complained vnto the king that he caused a sessions to be kept within his sanctuarie contrarie to the priuilege of his church and that all their dooings being doone against law were of no effect And notwithstanding the king and his councell had discoursed vnto them the iust and orderlie procéeding the hainousnesse of the offendors and the line 40 necessitie of their punishment yet all could not auaile for holie church nor the sanctuarie might be prophaned as they said with the deciding of temporall matters Wherevpon the king in the end yéelding to their exclaimes released a couple of arrant traitors and reuersed all his former lawfull procéedings and so vpon the wednesdaie he departed and returned towards London The duke of Yorke pretending as yée haue heard line 50 a right to the crowne as heire to Lionell duke of Clarence came this yeare out of Ireland vnto London in the parlement time there to consult with his speciall fréends as Iohn duke of Northfolke Richard earle of Salisburie and the lord Richard his sonne which after was earle of Warwike Thomas Courtneie earle of Deuonshire Edward Brooke lord Cobham After long deliberation and aduise taken it was thought expedient to keepe their chéefe purpose secret and that the duke should raise an armie line 60 of men vnder a pretext to remooue diuerse councellors about the king and to reuenge the manifest iniuries doone to the common-wealth by the same rulers Of the which as principall the duke of Summerset was namelie accused both for that he was greatlie hated of the commons for the losse of Normandie and for that it was well knowne that he would be altogither against the duke of Yorke in his chalenge to be made when time serued to the crowne insomuch that his goods by the commons were foulie despoiled and borne awaie from the Blacke friers After which riot on the next morrow proclamation was made through the citie that no man should spoile or rob on paine of death But on the same daie at the standard in Cheape was a man beheaded for dooing contrarie to the proclamation Therefore when the duke of Yorke had thus by aduise of his speciall fréends framed the foundation of his long intended enterprise he assembled a great hoast to the number of ten thousand able men in the marches of Wales publishing openlie that the cause of this his gathering of people was for the publike wealth of the realme The king much astonied at the matter by aduise of his councell raised a great power and marched forward toward the duke But he being thereof aduertised turned out of that way which by espials he vnderstood that the king held and made streight toward London and hauing knowledge that he might not be suffered to passe through the citie he crossed ouer the Thames at Kingston bridge and so kept on towards Kent where he knew that he had both fréends well-willers and there on Burnt heath a mile from Dertford and twelue miles from London he imbatelled and incamped himselfe verie stronglie inuironing his field with artillerie and trenches The king hereof aduertised brought his armie with all diligence vnto Blackeheath and there pight his tents Whilest both these armies laie thus imbattelled the king sent the bishop of Winchester and Thomas Bourchier bishop of Elie Richard Wooduile lord Riuers Richard Andrew the kéeper of his priuie seale to the duke both to know the cause of so great a commotion and also to make a concord if the requests of the duke and his companie séemed consonant to reason The duke hearing the message of the bishops answered that his comming was neither to damnifie the king in honour nor in person neither yet anie good man but his intent was to remooue from him certeine euill disposed persons of his councell bloud-succours of the nobilitie pollers of the cleargie and oppressours of the poore people Amongst these he chéeflie named Edmund duke of Summerset whome if the king would commit to ward to answer such articles as against him in open parlement should be both proponed and proued he promised not onelie to dissolue his armie but also offered himselfe like an obedient subiect to come to the kings presence and to doo him true and faithfull seruice according to his loiall and bounden dutie ¶ But a further vnderstanding of the dukes meaning by
and reputation After the warres foulie ended in forren parties ciuill dissention began againe at home diuided speciallie into two factions As K. Henrie descended of the house of Lancaster possessed the crowne from his grandfather king Henrie the fourth first author of that title so Richard duke of Yorke as heire to Lionell duke of Clarence third sonne to king Edward the third inforced By reason whereof the nobles as well as the common people were into parts diuided to the vtter destruction of manie a man and to the great ruine and decaie of this region for while the one partie sought to destroie the other all care of the common-wealth was set aside and iustice and equitie clearelie exiled The duke of Yorke aboue all things first sought means how to stir vp the malice of the people against the duke of Summerset imagining that he being made awaie his purpose should the sooner take effect He also practised to bring the king into the hatred of the people as that he should not be a man apt to the gouernment of a realme wanting both wit and stomach sufficient to supplie such a roome Manie of the high estates not liking the world and disalowing the dooings both of the king and his councell were faine inough of some alteration Which thing the duke well vnderstanding chiefelie sought the fauour of the two Neuils both named Richard one earle of Salisburie the other earle of Warwike the first being the father and the second the sonne This earle of Salisburie was second son to Rafe Neuill earle of Westmerland whose daughter the duke of Yorke had maried and the said Richard was espoused to ladie Alice the onelie child and sole heire of Thomas Montacute earle of Salisburie slaine at the siege of Orleance as before is declared of which woman he begat Richard Iohn and George Richard the eldest sonne espoused Anne the sister and heire of the entire bloud to lord Henrie Beauchamp earle and after duke of Warwike in whose right and title he was created and named earle of Warwike Full fraught was this noble man with good qualities right excellent and manie all which a certeine naturall grace did vnto all estates so farfoorth line 10 recommend that with high and low he was in singular fauour and good liking so as vnsought for it séemed in authoritie among them he grew able to command all alone When the duke of Yorke had fastened his chaine betwéene these two strong pillers he with his frends wrought so effectuouslie and handled his businesse so politikelie that the duke of Summerset was arested in the quéenes great chamber and sent to the Tower of London where he kept his Christmasse without line 20 great solemnitie Against whom soone after in open parlement were laid diuerse 〈◊〉 heinous articles of high treason year 1455 as well for the losse of Normandie as for the late mischance which happened in Guien The king at that time was sicke at Clarendon and conueied to London by reason whereof no finall determination procéeded in this weightie cause but all was put in suspense till the next assemblie of the high court of parlement Some doo write that whilest the king was sicke the duke of Yorke bare all the rule and gouerned as regent or viceroie by authoritie line 30 committed to him by the lords of the realme then assembled in councell he to sée to the preseruation and good gouernement of the common-wealth during the kings sicknesse which was so greeuous as it was said that he laie senselesse and was not able for a time either to go or stand The duke of Yorke hauing aforehand obteined an absolution of the pope in discharge of his oth before taken did now discouer his stomach against the duke of Summerset But when the king was amended line 40 againe and resumed to him his former gouernement either of his owne mind or by the queenes procurement the duke of Summerset was set at libertie by which doing great enuie and displeasure grew That notwithstanding the quéene which then bare the chiefe rule caused the duke of Summerset to be preferred to the capteineship of Calis wherwith not onlie the commons but also manie of the nobilitie were greatlie gréeued and offended saieng that he had lost Normandie and so would he doo Calis line 50 The duke of Yorke and his adherents perceiuing that neither exhortation nor charging him with his crimes preuailed against the duke of Summerset they meant to mend the matter by open war soone after he being in the marches of Wales accompanied with his speciall friends the earles of Salisburie and Warwike the lord Cobham and others assembled a power and in warlike maner marched toward London The king informed hereof assembled likewise a great host and meaning to méet with the line 60 duke rather in the north parts than about London where it was thought he had too manie friends he accompanied with the dukes of Summerset and Buckingham the earles of Penbroke Stafford Northumberland Deuonshire Dorset and Wilshire the lords Clifford Sudlie Berneis Roos and others being in all aboue two thousand men of warre departed from Westminster the twentith or as some haue the one and twentith of Maie and laie the first night at Wadford Of whose dooings the duke of Yorke by espials hauing still aduertisement with all his power being not past thrée thousand men as some write coasted the countrie and came to saint Albons the third daie next insuing The king there had pight his standard in a place called Goselow otherwise Sandiford in saint Peters street the lord Clifford kept the barriers of the towne to stop that the duke being assembled in Keie field should not enter the towne ¶ The duke of Yorke saith one moderne chronographer knowing the strength made against him abiding in the field aforesaid from seuen of the clocke in the morning vntill it was almost ten of the clocke without anie stroke smitten on either part by the aduise of his councell sent vnto the king vnder these words following Words in writing by the duke of Yorke to the king PLease it vnto your excellent grace Richard duke of Yorke to take him as your true liege man and humble subiect and to consider and tender at the reuerence of God and in the waie of charitie the true intent of my comming and to be good and gratious souereigne vnto me all other your true liege men which that with all their power and might will be readie to liue and die with you in your right and to doo all things as shall like your maiestie roiall to command vs if it be to the worship of the crowne of England and the welfare of this your noble realme Moreouer gratious lord please it vnto your maiestie roiall of your great goodnesse and rightwisenesse to incline your will to heare féele the rightwise part of vs your true subiects and
his place being the threescore and third archbishop of that see ¶ In the moneth of Nouember in the I le of Portland not farre from the towne of Weimouth was seene a cocke comming out of the sea hauing a great crest vpon his head and a great red beard and legs of halfe a yard long year 1457 he stood on the water crowed foure times and euerie time turned him about and beckened with his head toward the north the south and the west and was of colour like a fesant when he had crowed thrée times he vanished awaie And shortlie after were taken at Erith within twelue miles of London foure great and woonderfull fishes whereof one was called Mors marina the second a sword fish the other two were whales The French nation hearing of the ciuall dissention within the realme here and for an old grudge séeking our annoie two nauies appointed they to inuade the townes standing vpon the riuage of the sea The capteins of the one fléet was William lord Pomiers and of the other sir Peter Bressie a great ruler in Normandie These two capteins taking their course out of the mouth of Saine seuered themselues the one westward and the other eastward which was sir Peter Bressie who sailing alongst the coasts of Sussex and Kent durst not yet take land but staid in the Downes and there hauing by espiall perfect notice that Sandwich was neither peopled nor fortified because that a little before the rulers of the towne were from thense departed for to auoid the plague which sore there afflicted and siue the people he entered the hauen spoiled the towne and after such poore stuffe as he there found rifled and taken he fearing an assemblie of the countrie shortlie gat him awaie The lord Pomiers likewise tooke his course westward by night burning certeine houses in Fulnaie with a little pillage retired into Britaine The Scots also busie like flies where no flap to fraie them entered into Northumberland king Iames the second being there in person burned certeine poore houses and little cottages but in the verie middest of their great enterprise they hearing of the duke of Yorkes marching toward them with a great host with much paine and no gaine in all hast returned to their countrie But now to passe ouer outward inuasions to intreat of the dailie disorder amongest the nobles at home So was it that a great conflict fell betwéene the lord Egremond the sonnes of the erle of Salisburie in which manie persons were slaine a great number hurt The lord Egremond séeking to get awaie but could not by force was taken brought before the councell where the king and the queene to shew themselues indifferent adiudged him to paie to the earle of Salisburie a great summe of monie and for his heinous offense against the lawes was committed to Newgate in London out of which he escaped to the great trouble of the shiriffes The queene nothing more séeking than the ouerthrow of the duke of Yorke and his friends and perceiuing she could attempt nothing against him néere to London because the duke was in more estimation there than either the king hir husband or hir selfe therefore she caused the king to make a progresse into Warwikeshire for his health and recreation And so in semblance of hawking and hunting came to Couentree where diuerse waies were studied to fulfill the queenes desire for the accomplishing whereof the duke of Yorke the earles of Salisburie and Warwike whose destructions was chieflie sought were sent for to Couentrée by the kings letters vnder his priuie seale to which place the said lords without suspicion of danger obedientlie resorted But being admonished by secret friends what was intended against them they by flight auoided that danger where otherwise their liues had béene lost without all remedie And so without bidding anie farewell they departed from the court the duke vnto Wigmoore in the marches of Wales the earle line 10 of Salisburie to his castell of Middleham in the north and the earle of Warwike sailed to Calis The bodies of which thrée noble personages though thus separated yet their hearts knit in one and still went messengers letters betwixt them to communicat their deuises and giue signification of their minds and purposes In this yéere Reginald Peacoke bishop of Chichester abiured at Paules crosse all his bookes burnt and he himselfe commanded to keepe his owne house line 20 during his naturall life because that he verie well learned and better stomached began to mooue questions not priuilie but opâ—nlie in the vniuersities concerning the annates Peter pence and other iurisdictions authorities which the pope vsurped and not onelie put foorth such questions but declared his mind and opinion in the same Some saie he held that spirituall persons by Gods law ought to haue no temporall possessions nor that personall tithes by line 30 Gods law were due nor that christian men were to beléeue in the catholike church nor in the communion of saints but to beleeue that a catholike church and a communion of saints there is and that he held how the vniuersall church might erre in matters of faith and that it is not of necessitie to beléeue all that which is ordeined by generall councels nor all that which they call the vniuersall church ought to be allowed and holden of all christian people Moreouer that it was méet to euerie man to vnderstand line 40 the scriptures in the true and plaine sense none bound to glosses of anie other sense vpon anie necessitie of saluation ¶ But because I find a larger report héereof elsewhere and as more methodicall so also as it seemeth in such forme as it was Res gesta a déed doone it shall not be amisse to insert the same This bishop was a secular doctor of diuinitie that had labored manie yéeres to translate the holie scripture into English was accused to haue passed the bounds of diuinitie and christian beléefe in certeine line 50 articles of the which he was conuict before the archbishop of Canturburie and other bishops and clearks and after vtterlie abiured reuoked and renounced those articles openlie at Paules crosse in his mother toong on the fourth day of December as followeth The forme of his abiuration IN the name of the trinitie father sonne and holie-ghost I Reinold Pecocke bishop of Chichester vnworthie of mine line 60 owne power and will without anie maner coaction or dread confesse and knowledge that I here before this time presuming of my naturall wit and preferring my iudgement and naturall reason before the new and the old testament and the authoritie determination of our mother holie church haue held written and taught otherwise than the holie Romane and vniuersall church teacheth preacheth or obserueth And one is against the true catholike and apostles faith I haue written taught and published manie diuerse
earle of Warwike which waited for his foorth comming on the Thames and suddenlie taken was shortlie slaine with manie darts daggers and his bodie left naked and all bloudie at the gate of the clinke and after was buried in the church adioining Then were diuerse persons apprehended and indited of treason wherof some were pardoned and some executed Thomas Thorpe second baron of the escheker was committed to the Tower where he remained long after for that he was knowne to be great fréend to the house of Lancaster ¶ When queene Margaret heard that the K. was taken she with hir sonne and eight persons fled to the castell of Hardlagh in Wales and was robbed by the waie in Lancashire of all hir goods to the value of ten thousand markes from thence she went into Scotland Thus you sée what fruits the trée of ciuill discord dooth bring foorth that euill tree which whilest some haue taken line 10 paine to plant and some to proine and nourish for others confusion to whome they haue giuen a taste of those apples which it bare far more bitter than coloquintida themselues haue béene forced to take such share as befell them by lot For as it is not possible that a cōmon fier whose heat flame is vniuersallie spred should spare any particular place for so should it not be generall no more is it likelie that in ciuill commotions rebellions insurrections and partakings in conflicts and pitched feelds speciallie vnder line 20 ringleaders of great countenance and personage such as be the péeres and states of kingdoms anie one should though perhaps his life yet a thousand to one not saue his bloud vnspilt nor his goods vnspoiled During this trouble a parlement was summoned to begin at Westminster in the moneth of October next following In the meane time the duke of Yorke aduertised of all these things sailed from Dubline towards England and landed at the red banke néere to the citie line 30 of Chester with no small companie and from Chester by long iournies he came to the citie of London which he entred the fridaie before the feast of S. Edward the Confessor with a sword borne naked before him with trumpets also sounding and accompanied with a great traine of men of armes and other of his fréends and seruants At his comming to Westminster he entred the palace and passing foorth directlie through the great hall staied not till he came to the chamber where the king and lords vsed to sit in line 40 the parlement time cōmonlie called the vpper house or chamber of the péeres and being there entred stept vp vnto the throne roiall and there laieng his hand vpon the cloth of estate seemed as if he meant to take possession of that which was his right for he held his hand so vpon that cloth a good pretie while and after withdrawing his hand turned his face towards the people beholding their preassing togither and marking what countenance they made Whilest he thus stood and beheld the people supposing they reioised to see his presence the archbishop line 50 of Canturburie Thomas Bourcher came to him after due salutations asked him if he would come and see the king With which demand he séeming to take disdaine answered bréefelie and in few words thus I remember not that I know anie within this realme but that it beséemeth him rather to come and sée my person than I to go and sée his The archbishop hearing his answer went backe to the king and declared what answer he had receiued of the dukes owne mouth After the archbishop was departed line 60 to the king that laie in the quéenes lodging the duke also departed and went to the most principall lodging that the king had within all his palace breaking vp the lockes and doores and so lodged himselfe therein more like to a king than a duke continuing in the same lodging for a time to the great indignation of manie that could not in anie wise like of such presumptuous attempts made by the duke to thrust himselfe in possession of the crowne and to depose king Henrie who had reigned ouer them so long a time Maister Edward Hall in his chronicle maketh mention of an oration which the duke of Yorke vttered sitting in the regall seat there in the chamber of the péeres either at this his first comming in amongst them or else at some one time after the which we haue thought good also to set downe though Iohn Whethamsted the abbat of saint Albons who liued in those daies and by all likelihood was there present at the parlement maketh no further recitall of anie words which the duke should vtter at that time in that his booke of records where he intreateth of this matter But for the oration as maister Hall hath written thereof we find as followeth ¶ During the time saith he of this parlement the duke of Yorke with a bold countenance entered into the chamber of the peeres and sat downe in the throne roiall vnder the cloth of estate which is the kings peculiar seat and in the presence of the nobilitie as well spirituall as temporall after a pause made he began to declare his title to the crowne in this forme and order as insueth The duke of Yorks oration made to the lords of the parlement MY singular good lords maruell not that I approch vnto this throne for I sit here as in the place to me by verie iustice lawfullie belonging here I rest as to whom this chaire of right apperteineth not as he which requireth of you fauour parcialitie or bearing but equall right friendlie indifferencie and true administration of iustice For I beeing the partie greeued and complainant can not minister to my selfe the medicine that should helpe me as expert leeches cunning surgians maie except you be to me both faithfull aiders also true councellors Nor yet this noble realme and our naturall countrie shall neuer be vnbuckled from hir dailie feuer except I as the principall physician and you as the true and trustie apothecaries consult togither in making of the potion and trie out the cleane and pure stuffe from the corrupt and putrified drugs For vndoubtedlie the root and bottome of this long festured canker is not yet extirpate nor the feeble foundation of this fallible building is not yet espied which hath beene and is the dailie destruction of the nobilitie and the continuall confusion of the poore communaltie of this realme and kingdome For all you know or should know that the high and mightie prince king Richard the second was the true and vndoubted heire to the valiant conqueror and renowmed prince king Edward the third as sonne heire to the hardie knight and couragious capteine Edward prince of Wales duke of Aquitaine and Cornewall eldest sonne to the said king Edward the third which king was not onelie in deed but also of all men reputed and taken for the
acts and statutes made afore this time by act of parlement not repealed or annulled by like authoritie or otherwise void be in suth force effect and vertue as they were afore the making of these ordinances and that no letters patents roialx of record nor acts iudiciall made or doone afore this time not repealed reuersed ne otherwise void by law be preiudiced or hurt by this present act line 20 This agreement put in articles was ingrossed sealed and sworne vnto by the two parties and also enacted in the parlement For ioy whereof the king hauing in his companie the duke of Yorke road to the cathedrall church of saint Paule in London and there on the day of All saints with the crowne on his head went solemnelie in procession and was lodged a good space after in the bishops palace néere to the said church And vpon the saturdaie next insuing line 30 Richard duke of Yorke was by sound of trumpet solemnelie proclamed heire apparant to the crowne of England and protectour of the realme After this the parlement kept at Couentrie the last yeare was declared to be a diuelish councell and onelie had for destruction of the nobilitie and was indéed no lawfull parlement bicause they which were returned were neuer elected according to the due order of the law but secretlie named by them which desired rather the destruction than the aduancement of the line 40 common-wealth When these agréements were enacted the king dissolued his parlement which was the last parlement that euer he ended The duke of Yorke well knowing that the queene would spurne against all this caused both hir and hir sonne to be sent for by the king But she as woont rather to rule than to be ruled and thereto counselled by the dukes of Excester and Summerset not onelie denied to come but also assembled a great armie intending to take the king by fine force out of the lords hands The protector in London hauing knowledge line 50 of all these dooings assigned the duke of Norffolke and erle of Warwike his trustie fréends to be about the king while he with the earles of Salisburie and Rutland and a conuenient number departed out of London the second daie of December northward and appointed the earle of March his eldest sonne to follow him with all his power The duke came to his castell of Sandall beside Wakefield on Christmasse éeuen there began to make muster of his tenants and fréends The quéene there of ascerteined determined line 60 to cope with him ye◠his succour were come Now she hauing in hir companie the prince hir sonne the dukes of Excester and Summerset the earle of Deuonshire the lord Clifford the lord Ros and in effect all the lords of the north parts with eightéene thousand men or as some write two and twentie thousand marched from Yorke to Wakefield and bad base to the duke euen before his castell gates He hauing with him not fullie fiue thousand persons contrarie to the minds of his faithfull councellors would needs issue foorth to fight with his enimies The duke of Summerset and the quéenes part casting vpon their most aduantage appointed the lord Clifford to lie in one stale and the earle of Wilshire in another and the duke with other to kéepe the maine battell The duke of Yorke with his people descended downe the hill in good order and arraie and was suffered to passe on towards the maine battell But when he was in the plaine field betweene his castell and the towne of Wakefield he was inuironed on euerie side like fish in a net so that though he fought manfullie yet was he within halfe an houre slaine and dead and his whole armie discomfited with him died of his trustie fréends his two bastard vncles sir Iohn and sir Hugh Mortimers sir Dauie Hall sir Hugh Hastings sir Thomas Neuill William and Thomas Aparre both brethren and two thousand and eight hundred others whereof manie were yoong gentlemen and heires of great parentage in the south parts whose kin reuenged their deaths within foure moneths next as after shall appeare In this conflict was wounded and taken prisoner Richard earle of Salisburie sir Richard Limbricke Rafe Stanleie Iohn Harow capteine Hanson and diuerse others The lord Clifford perceiuing where the earle of Rutland was conueied out of the field by one of his fathers chapleins and scholemaister to the same earle and ouertaking him stabbed him to the heart with a dagger as he kneeled afore him This earle was but a child at that time of twelue yeares of age whome neither his tender yeares nor dolorous countenance with holding vp both his hands for mercie for his speach was gone for feare could mooue the cruell heart of the lord Clifford to take pitie vpon him so that he was noted of great infamie for that his vnmercifull murther vpon that yoong gentleman But the same lord Clifford not satisfied herewith came to the place where the dead corpse of the duke of Yorke laie caused his head to be striken off and set on it a crowne of paper fixed it on a pole and presented it to the quéene not lieng farre from the field in great despite at which great reioising was shewed but they laughed then that shortlie after lamented and were glad then of other mens deaths that knew not their owne to be so néere at hand ¶ Some write that the duke was taken aliue and in derision caused to stand vpon a molehill on whose head they put a garland in steed of a crowne which they had fashioned and made of sedges or bulrushes and hauing so crowned him with that garland they knéeled downe afore him as the Iewes did vnto Christ in scorne saieng to him Haile king without rule haile king without heritage haile duke and prince without people or possessions And at length hauing thus scorned him with these and diuerse other the like despitefull words they stroke off his head which as yee haue heard they presented to the quéene Manie déemed that this miserable end chanced to the duke of Yorke as a due punishment for breaking his oth of allegiance vnto his souereigne lord king Henrie but others held him discharged thereof bicause he obteined a dispensation from the pope by such suggestion as his procurators made vnto him whereby the same oth was adiudged void as that which was receiued vnaduisedlie to the preiudice of himselfe and disheriting of all his posteritie After this victorie by the quéene the earle of Salisburie and all the prisoners were sent to Pomfret year 1461 and there beheaded whose heads togither with the duke of Yorkes head were conueied to Yorke and there set on poles ouer the gate of the citie in despite of them and their linage The earle of March now after the death of his father verie duke of Yorke lieng at Glocester was woonderfullie amazed when the sorrowfull newes of these mishaps came vnto him but after
Warwike and the duke of Clarence had knowledge how king Edward by the treason or negligence of them whome they had put in trust was escaped their hands they were in a wonderfull chafe but sith the chance was past they began eftsoones to prouide for the warre which they saw was like to insue and found much comfort in that a great number of men deliting more in discord than in concord offered themselues to aid their side But other good men desirous of common quiet and lamenting the miserable state of the realme to redresse such mischiefe as appeared to be at hand by these tumults tooke paine and road betweene the king the earle and the duke to reconcile them ech to other Their charitable motion and causes alledged bicause they were of the chiefest of the nobilitie and therfore caried both credit and authoritie with them so asswaged the moods both of the king the duke and the earle that ech gaue faith to other to came and go safelie without ieopardie In which promise both the duke and earle putting perfect confidence came both to London At Westminster the king the duke and the earle had long communication togither for to haue come to an agreement but they fell at such great words vpon rehersall of old matters that in great furie without any conclusion they departed the king to Canturburie and the duke and the earle to Warwike where the earle procured a new armie to be raised in Lincolneshire and made capteine thereof sir Robert Welles sonne to Richard lord Welles a man of great experience in warre The king aduertised hereof without delaie prepared an armie year 1470 and out of hand he sent to Richard lord Welles willing him vpon the sight of his letters to repaire vnto him which to doo he had oftentimes refused excusing himselfe by sickenesse and feeblenesse of bodie But when that excuse serued not he thinking to purge himselfe sufficientlie of all offense and blame before the kings presence tooke with him sir Thomas Dimmocke who had maried his sister and so came to London And when he was come vp being admonished by his fréends that the king was greatlie with him displeased he â—ith his brotheâ— in law tooke the sanctuarie at Wesâ—minster But king Edward trusting to paâ—ifie all this busie tumult without anie further bloudshed promised both those persons their pardons causing them vpon his promise to come out of sanctuarie to his presence and calling to him the lord Welles willed him to write to his sonne to leaue off the warre and in the meane season he with his armie went forward hauing with him the lord Welles and sir Thomas Dimmocke And being not past two daies iournie from Stamford where his enimies had ptiched their field and hearing that sir Robert Welles not regarding his fathers letters kept his campe still he caused the lord Welles father to the said sir Robert and sir Thomas Dimmocke to be beheaded contrarie to line 10 his promise Sir Robert Welles hearing that the king approched and that his father and sir Thomas Dimmocke were beheaded though he was somewhat doubtfull to fight before the earle of Warwike were with his power assembled yet hauing a yoong and lustie courage manfullie set on his enimies The battell was sore fought on both sides and manie a man slaine till sir Robert perceiuing his people at point to slie was busilie in hand to exhort them to tarie and in the meane time compassed about with enimies was line 20 there taken with him sir Thomas de Land knight and manie more After the taking of their capteine the Lincolneshire men amazed threw awaie their coats the lighter to run awaie and fled amaine and therefore this battell is called there yet vnto this daie Losecote field The king reioising at this victorie caused sir Robert Welles and diuerse other to be put to execution in the same place The fame went that at this battell line 30 were slaine ten thousand men at the least The earle of Warwike laie at the same time at his castell of Warwike and meant to haue set forward the next daie toward his armie in Lincolnshire But when he heard that the same was ouerthrowne he tooke new counsell and with all diligence imagined how to compasse Thomas lord Stanleie which had maried his sister that he might be one of the conspiracie Which thing when he could not bring to passe for the lord Stanleie had answered him that he would neuer line 40 make warre against king Edward he thought no longer to spend time in wast and mistrusting he was not able to méet with his enimies he with his sonne in law the duke of Clarence departed to Excester and there tarieng a few daies deterâ—ined to saile into France to purchase aid of king Lewes Now resting vpon this point he hired ships at Dartmouth and when the same were readie trimmed and decked the duke and the earle with their wiues and a great number of seruants imbarked line 50 themselues and first tooke their course towards Calis whereof the earle was capteine thinking there to haue left his wife and daughters till he had returned out of France But when they were come before the towne of Calis they could not be suffered to enter for the lord Uauclere a Gascoigne being the earles deputie in that towne whether he did it by dissimulation or bearing good will to king Edward as by the sequele it may be doubted whether he did or no insteed of receiuing his master with triumph he bent and discharged against him diuerse peeces of ordinance line 60 sending him word he should not there take land This nauie lieng thus before Calis at anchor the duchesse of Clarence was there deliuered of a faire sonne which child the earles deputie would scarse suffer to be christened within the towne nor without great intreatie would permit two flagons of wine to be conueied aboord to the ladies lieng in the hauen The king of England aduertised of the refusall made by monsieur de Uauclere to the earle of Warwike was so much pleased therewith that incontinentlie he made him chiefe capteine of the towne of Calis by his letters patents which he sent to him out of hand and thereof discharged the earle as a traitor and rebell Thus was the one in respect of his accepted seruice honorablie aduanced and the other in regard of his disloialtie shamefullie disgraced whereof as the one tooke occasion of inward delight so the other could not be void of grudging conceipts The duke of Burgognie vnto whome king Edward had written that in no wise he should receiue the earle of Warwike nor anie of his friends within his countries was so well pleased with the dooings of monsieur de Uauclere that he sent to him his seruant Philip de Cumins and gaue him yéerelie a thousand crownes in pension praieng and requiring him to continue in truth and fidelitie toward king Edward as he
still aboord for the space of nine dais before it turned méet for his iournie But after that the wind once came about as he wisht the sails were hoissed vp on the 11 of March being monday line 30 forward they sailed directing their course streight ouer towards the coast of Norffolke On the next day being tuesday the twelfe of March toward the euening they road before Cromer where the king sent to land sir Robert Chamberleine with sir Gilbert Debenham knights and diuerse other to the end they might discouer the countrie and vnderstand how the people within the land were bent towards him especiallie those countries there next adioining line 40 Upon their returne he vnderstood that there was no suertie for him to land in those parties by reason of the good order which the earle of Warwike and the earle of Oxford especiallie had taken in that countrie to resist him for not onelie the duke of Norffolke but all other the gentlemen whome the earle of Warwike had in anie suspicion were by letters of priuie seale sent for and either committed to safe kéeping about London or else inforced to find suertie for their loiall demeanor towards king Henrie line 50 yet those knights and other that were thus sent foorth to make inquirie were well receiued of their frends and had good cheare But after the king perceiued by their report how things stood thereabouts he caused his ships to make course towards the north parts The same night folowing a great storme of winds and weather rose sore troubling the seas and continued till the fourtéenth day of that moneth being thursday on the which day with great danger by reason of the tempestuous rage and torment of the troubled line 60 seas he arriued at the head of Humber where the other ships were scattered from him each one seuered from other so that of necessitie they were driuen to land in sunder where they best might for doubt to be cast awaie in that perillous tempest The king with the lord Hastings his chamberleine and other to the number of fiue hundred men being in one ship landed within Humber on Holdernesse side at a place called Rauenspurgh euen in the same place where Henrie erle of Derbie after called king Henrie the fourth landed when he came to depriue king Richard the second of the crowne and to vsurpe it to himselfe Richard duke of Glocester and three hundred men in his companie tooke land in another place foure miles distant from thence where his brother king Edward did land The earle Riuers and with him two hundred men landed at a place called Pole fourtéene miles from the hauen where the king came on land The residue of his people landed some here some there in place where for their suerties they thought best On the morrow being the fifteenth of March now that the tempest ceased and euerie man being got to land they drew from euerie of their landing places towards the king who for the first night was lodged in a poore village two miles from the place where he first set foot on land As for his traine though the season of the yeere was naturallie cold therfore required competent refection by warmth it is to be supposed that all their lodgings were hard inough sith the principals prouision was sorie inough But what of that Better in cases of extremitie an hard shift than none at all Touching the folks of the countrie there came few or none to him For by the incensing of such as had bin sent into those parts from the erle of Warwike and other his aduersaries the people were shrewdlie induced to stand against him But yet in respect of the good will that manie of them had borne to his father they could haue béene content that he should haue inioied his right to his due inheritance of the duchie of Yorke but in no wise to the title of the crowne And herevpon they suffered him to passe not séeking to annoie him till they might vnderstand more of his purposed meaning The king perceiuing how the people were bent noised abroad that hée came to make none other chalenge but to his inheritance of the duchie of Yorke and withall ment to passe first into the citie of Yorke and so forward towards London to incounter with his aduersaries that were in the south parts For although his néerest waie had béene through Lincolneshire yet bicause in taking that waie hée must haue gone againe to the water in passing ouer Humber he doubted least it would haue bin thought that he had withdrawne himselfe to the sea for feare And to auoid the rumors that might haue beene spred thereof to the hinderance of his whole cause he refused that waie and tooke this other still bruting it as before we said that his comming was not to chalenge the crowne but onelie to be restored vnto his fathers right and inheritance of the duchie of Yorke which was descended to him from his father And here it séemed that the colour of iustice hath euer such a force in it selfe amongst all men that where before few or none of the commons could be found that would offer themselues to take his part yet now that he did as they thought claime nothing but that which was his right they began streight to haue a liking of his cause And where there were gathered to the number of six or seuen thousand men in diuerse places vnder the leading chieflie of a priest and of a gentleman called Martine de la Mare in purpose to haue stopped his passage now the same persons tooke occasion to assist him And when he perceiued mens minds to bée well qualified with this feined deuise he marched foorth till he came to Beuerleie which stood in his direct waie as he passed toward Yorke He sent also to Kingston vpon Hull distant from thence six miles willing that he might be there receiued but the inhabitants who had bene laboured by his aduersaries refused in anie wise to grant therevnto The earle of Warwike aduertised by messengers of king Edwards arriuall and of his turning toward Yorke with all hast wrote to his brother the marquesse Montacute who had laine at the castell of Pomfret all the last winter with a great number of souldiers willing him to consider in what case their affaires stood and therevpon with all spéed to set vpon king Edward or else to keepe the passages and to staie him from comming anie further forward till he himselfe as then being in Warwikeshire busie to assemble an armie might come to his aid with the same Thus laboured the earle of Warwike by policie and puissance as well of his owne as others power to further his owne purpose hauing sworne in heart a due performance of that line 10 which he had solemnlie vowed and promised before But this notwithstanding although there were great companies of people of the countries there abouts assembled yet
a desire of vengeance to the death In this meane while that things passed in maner as before ye haue hard Edmund duke of Summerset his brother Iohn marquesse Dorset Thomas Courtneie earle of Deuonshire and others being at London had knowledge by aduertisements out of France that quéene Margaret with hir sonne prince Edward the countesse of Warwike the prior of S. Iohns the lord Wenlocke and diuerse others their adherents and partakers with all that they might make were readie at the sea side purposing with all spéed to saile ouer into England and to arriue in the west countrie Wherevpon they departed foorth of London and with all hast possible drew westward there to raise what forces they could to ioine with those their fréends immediatlie after they should once come on land and so to assist them against king Edward and his partakers True it is that the quéene with hir sonne and the other persons before mentioned tooke their ships the foure and twentith daie of March continuing on the seas before they could land thorough tempests and contrarie winds by the space of twentie daies that is till the thirtéenth of Aprill on which daie or rather on the fourteenth they landed at Weimouth as after shall appeare But now touching king Edwards procéeding forward on his iournie toward London ye line 10 haue to vnderstand that vpon the tuesdaie the ninth of Aprill he came to saint Albons from whense he sent comfortable aduertisements to the queene his wife remaining within the sanctuarie at Westminster and to others his faithfull fréends in and about London to vnderstand by couert meanes how to deale to obteine the fauour of the citizens so as he might be of them receiued The earle of Warwike vnderstanding all his dooings and purposes wrote to the Londoners willing line 20 charging them in anie wise to keepe king Edward out of their citie and in no condition to permit him to enter and withall he sent to his brother the archbishop of Yorke willing him by all meanes possible to persuade the Londoners not to receiue him but to defend the citie against him for the space of two or thrée daies at the least promising not to faile but to come after him and to be readie to assaile him on the backe not doubting but wholie to distresse his power and to bring him to vtter confusion The archbishop line 30 herevpon on the ninth of Aprill called vnto him at Paules all such lords knights and gentlemen with others that were partakers on that side to the number in all of six or seauen thousand men in armour Herewith also he caused king Henrie to mount on horssebacke and to ride from Paules thorough Cheape downe to Walbroke so to fetch a compasse as the custome was when they made their generall processions returning backe againe to Paules vnto the bishops palace where at that time he was lodged line 40 The archbishop supposed that shewing the king thus riding thorough the stréets he should haue allured the citizens to assist his part True it is the maior aldermen had caused the gates to be kept with watch and ward but now they well perceiued that king Henries power was too weake as by that shew it had well appeared to make full resistance against king Edward and so not for them in trust vnto if king Edward came forward and should attempt to enter the citie by force for it was not vnknowne line 50 vnto them that manie of the worshipfull citizens and others of the commons in great numbers were fullie bent to aid king Edward in all that they might as occasion serued Thus what thorough loue that manie bare to king Edward and what thorough feare that diuerse stood in least the citie being taken by force might happilie haue beene put to the sacke with the losse of manie an innocent mans life the maior aldermen and others the worshipfull of the citie fell at a point among line 60 themselues to kéepe the citie to K. Edwards vse so as he might haue free passage and entrie into the same at his pleasure The archbishop of Yorke perceiuing the affections of the people and how the most part of them were now bent in fauour of king Edward vpon the said kings approch towards the citie he sent foorth secretlie a messenger to him beséeching him to receiue him againe into his fauour promising to be faithfull to him in time to come and to acquit this good turne hereafter with some singular benefit and pleasure The king vpon good causes and considerations therevnto him moouing was contented to receiue him againe into his fauour The archbishop hereof assured reioised greatlie well trulie acquiting him concerning his promise made to the king in that behalfe The same night following was the Tower of London recouered to king Edwards vse And on the morow being thursdaie and the eleuenth of Aprill king Edward quietlie made his entrie into the citie with his power hauing fiue hundred smokie gunners marching foremost being strangers of such as he had brought ouer with him He first rode vnto Paules church from thense he went to the bishops palace where the archbishop of Yorke presented himselfe vnto him and hauing king Henrie by the hand deliuered him vnto king Edward who being seized of his person and diuerse other his aduersaries he went from Paules to Westminster where he made his deuout praiers giuing God most heartie thanks for his safe returne thither againe This doone he went to the quéene to comfort hir who with great patience had abidden there a long time as a sanctuarie woman for doubt of hir enimies and in the meane season was deliuered of a yoong prince whome she now presented vnto him to his great hearts reioising comfort From Westminster the king returned that night vnto London againe hauing the quéene with him and lodged in the house of the duchesse his moother On the morow being good fridaie he tooke aduise with the lords of his bloud and other of his councell for such businesse as he had in hand namelie how to subdue his enimies as sought his destruction Thus with consultation preuenting his actions he obteined fortunate successe wherwith his hart was the moreaduanced to ioine issue with his aduersaries whome rather than they should triumph ouer him he was resolutelie minded to vanquish if his procéedings might proue prosperous as his present good lucke The earle of Warwike calling himselfe lieutenant of England vnder the pretensed authoritie of king Henrie hoping that king Edward should haue much a doo to enter into London marched foorth from Couentrie with all his puissance following the king by Northhampton in hope to haue some great aduantage to assaile him speciallie if the Londoners kept him out of their citie as he trusted they would for then he accounted himselfe sure of the vpper hand or if he were of them receiued yet he hoped to find him vnprouided in celebrating the
towne a great sort were drowned Manie ran towards the towne some to the church and diuerse to the abbeie and other to other places where they thought best to saue themselues This was the last fought field or pight battell tried betwéene the potentats of this land in king Edward the fourths daies which chanced on the fourth of Maie being saturdaie in the eleauenth yeare of his reigne and in the yeare of our Lord 1471 as Anglorum praelia affirmeth saieng Vltima postremae locus est Teuxburia pugnae In the winning of the campe such as stood to it were slaine out of hand Prince Edward was taken as he fled towards the towne by sir Richard Crofts and kept close In the field and chase were slaine the lord Iohn of Summerset called marquesse Dorset Thomas Courtenie earle of Deuonshire sir Iohn Delues sir Edward Hampden sir Robert Whitingham and sir Iohn Leukener with thrée thousand others After the field was ended proclamation was made that whosoeuer could bring foorth prince Edward aliue or dead should haue an annuitie of a hundred pounds during his life and the princes life to be saued if he were brought foorth aliue Sir Richard Crofts nothing mistrusting the kings promise brought foorth his prisoner prince Edward being a faire and well proportioned yoong gentleman whom when king Edward had well aduised he demanded of him how he durst so presumptuouslie enter into his realme with banner displaied Wherevnto the prince boldlie answered saieng To recouer my fathers kingdome heritage from his father and grandfather to him and from him after him to me lineallie descended At which words king Edward said nothing but with his hand thrust him from him or as some saie stroke him with his gantlet whom incontinentlie George duke of Clarence Richard duke of Glocester Thomas Greie marquesse Dorcet and William lord Hastings that stood by suddenlie murthered for the which cruell act the more part of the dooers in their latter daies dranke of the like cup by the righteous iustice and due punishment of God His bodie was homelie interred with the other simple corpses in the church of the monasterie of blacke monks in Teukesburie After the victorie was thus atchiued the king repaired to the abbeie church there to giue God thanks for that good successe which it had pleased him to blesse him with and there finding a great number of his enimies that were fled thither to saue themselues he gaue them all his free pardon albeit there was no franchise there for rebels but that he might haue commanded them to haue béene drawen foorth without breach of anie liberties of that church He granted also that the dead bodies as well of the lords as other slaine in that battell might be buried in the same church or else where it pleased their freends or seruants without anie quartering heading or setting vp the heads or quarters in any publike places O the patience and clemencie of this good king who besides the putting vp of wrongs doone to him by violence of foes without vengeance fréelie forgaue the offendors and did so honorablie temper his affections There were found in the abbeie and other places of the towne Edmund duke of Summerset Iohn Lonstrother lord prior of S. Iohn sir Thomas Tressham sir Gerueis Clifton and diuerse other knights and esquiers which were apprehended and all of them being brought before the duke of Glocester sitting as constable of England and the duke of Norffolke as marshall in the middest of the towne they were arreigned condemned and iudged to die and so vpon the tuesdaie being the seuenth of Maie the said duke and the lord prior with the two forenamed knights and twelue other knights were on a scaffold set vp in the middle of the towne for that purpose beheaded and permitted to be buried without anie other dismembring or setting vp of their heads in anie one place or other The same tuesdaie the king departed from Teukesburie towards Worcester and by the waie had knowledge that quéene Margaret was found in a poore house of religion not far from thence into the which she was withdrawen for safegard of hir selfe on saturdaie in the morning being the daie of the battell She was after brought to London as prisoner and so kept till hir father ransomed hir with great summes of monie which he borowed of Lewes the eleuenth king of France And bicause he was not able to make repaiment thereof he sold vnto the said Lewes as the French writers affirme the kingdomes of Naples and both the Sicils with the countie of Prouance King Edward being at Worcester had aduertisements brought foorth of the north-parts that the people there were about to assemble in armour against him in fauour of king Henrie line 10 wherevpon he left the right way to London and rode to Couentrie meaning to increase the number of his people and so with a puissant armie to go northwards Herevpon comming to Couentrie the eleuenth of Maie and remaining there thrée daies he well refreshed such as had béene with him at Teukesburie field Hither was brought to him queene Margaret from whence she was conueied to London there to remaine in safe keeping as before you haue hard line 20 Whilest he was busie in sending abroad vnto his friends to leauie an armie he was aduertised that the commotion in the north was pacified For after it was knowen abroad how he obteined the victorie as well at Teukesburie as at Barnet and in manner subdued all his enimies the capteins that had stirred the people to that rebellion began to quaile and forsooke their companies Diuerse of them made sute to the earle of Northumberland that it might please him to be a mediator line 30 to the king for their pardon so that now there was no rebellion in all the north parts but that as well the citie of Yorke as all other places were at the kings commandement readie in all things to obeie him as true and loiall subiects And this was confirmed by the earle of Northumberlands owne mouth who on the fouretéenth of Maie came to the king as yet remaining at Couentrie by reason whereof it was not thought néedfull that the king should trauell anie further northward at that time line 40 either about the pacifieng of the people or to see execution doone vpon the offendors sith all was there in good tranquillitie and quiet But now when all things séemed to be at rest and no rebellion after so happie victories doubted newes came to him before his cōming to Couentrie from the lords of his bloud abiding at London that one Thomas Neuill bastard sonne to that valiant capteine the lord Thomas Fauconbridge who had latelie before beene sent to the sea by the earle of Warwike line 50 and after fallen to practise pirasie had spoiled diuerse merchants ships Portingals and others in breach of the ancient amitie that long had continued betwixt the
it did report and might perhaps haue béene auoided by the bishops wisdome for the dukes saftie as his owne sith Qui sapit ille potest alios sapuisse docere When Reginald Braie had declared his message and priuie instruction to the countesse of Richmond his mistresse no maruell though she were ioious and glad both of the good newes and also for the obteining of such a high fréend in hir sonnes cause as the duke was Wherefore she willing not to sléepe thi◠matter but to further it to the vttermost of hir power and abilitie deuised a means how to breake this matter to quéene Elizabeth then being in sanctuarie at Westminster And therevpon she hauing in hir familie at that time for the preseruation of hir health a certeine Welshman called Lewes learned in physicke which for his grauitie and experience was well knowne and much esteemed amongest great estates of the realme brake hir mind to him For with this Lewes she vsed sometime liberallie and familiarlie to talke and now hauing oportunitie and occasion to expresse hir hart vnto him in this weightie matter declared that the time was come that hir sonne should be ioined in marriage with ladie Elizabeth daughter and heire to king Edward and that king Richard being taken and reputed of all men for the common enimie of the relme should out of all honor estate be deiected of his crowne and kingdome be cléerelie spoiled and expelled and required him to go to quéene Elizabeth with whome in his facultie he was of counsell not as a messenger but as one that came fréendlie to visit and consolate hir and as time place should require to make hir priuie of this deuise not as a thing concluded but as a purpose by him imagined This physician did not long linger to accomplish hir desire but with good diligence repaired to the queene being still in the sanctuarie at Westminster And when he saw time propice and conuenient for his purpose he said vnto hir Madame although my imagination be verie simple and my deuise more foolish yet for the entier affection that I beare toward you and your children I am so bold to vtter vnto you a secret and priuie conceit that I haue cast and compassed in my fantasticall braine When I well remembred and no lesse considered the great losse and damage that you haue susteined by the death of your noble and louing husband and the great dolour and sorow that you haue suffered and tollerated by the cruell murther of your innocent children I can no lesse doo both of bounden duetie and christian charitie than dailie to studie and hourelie imagine not onelie how to bring your hart to comfort and gladnesse but also deuise how to reuenge the righteous quarell of you and your children on that bloudie bloudsupper and cruell tyrant king Richard And first consider what battell what manslaughter what mischéefe hath risen in this realme by the dissention betwéene the two noble houses of Yorke Lancaster Which two families as I haue contriued if they may be ioined in one I thinke yea and doubt not but your line shall be againe restored to the pristinate estate and degrée to your great ioie and comfort and to the vtter confusion of your mortall enimie the vsurper king You know verie well madame that of the house of Lancaster the earle of Richmond is next of bloud who is liuing and a lustie yoong batcheler and to the house of Yorke your daughters now are heires If you could agree and inuent the meane how to couple your eldest daughter with the yoong earle of Richmond in matrimonie no doubt but the vsurper of the realme should be shortlie deposed and your heire againe to hir right restored line 10 When the queene had heard this friendlie motion which was as farre from hir thought as the man that the rude people saie is in the moone lord how hir spirits reuiued and how hir heart leapt in hir bodie for ioie and gladnesse And first giuing laud to almightie God as the chiefe authour of hir comfort secondarilie to maister Lewes as the deuiser of these good newes tidings she instantlie besought him that as he had beene the first inuenter of so great an enterprise so now he would not relinquish nor desist line 20 to follow the same requiring him further bicause he was apperteining to the countesse of Richmond mother to the erle Henrie that he would with all diligent celeritie resort to hir then lodging in hir husbands place within the citie of London and to declare on the quéenes behalfe to the countesse that all the friends and fautors of king Edward hir husband should assist and take part with the earle of Richmond hir sonne so that he would take a corporall oth after the kingdome obteined to espouse and line 30 take to wife the ladie Elizabeth hir daughter or else ladie Cicilie if the eldest daughter were not then liuing Maister Lewes with all dexteritie so sped his businesse that he made and concluded a finall end and determination of this enterprise betwene the two mothers And bicause he was a physician and out of all suspicion and misdéeming he was the common curror and dailie messenger betweene them aiding and setting foorth the inuented conspiracie against king line 40 Richard So the ladie Margaret countesse of Richmond brought into a good hope of the preferment of hir sonne made Reginald Braie hir most faithfull seruant chiefe sollicitor and priuie procuror of this conspiracie giuing him in charge secretly to inuegle and attract such persons of nobilitie to ioine with hir and take hir part as he knew to be ingenious faithfull diligent and of actiuitie This Reginald Braie within few daies brought vnto his lure first of all taking of euerie person a solemne oth to be true and secret sir Giles Daubneie sir Iohn Cheinie knight line 50 Richard Gilford and Thomas Rame esquiers and diuers other The countesse of Richmond was not so diligent for hir part but quéene Elizabeth was as vigilant on the other side and made friends and appointed councellors to set forward and aduance hir businesse In the meane season the countesse of Richmond tooke into hir seruice Christopher Urswike an honest and wise priest and after an oth of him for to be secret line 60 taken and sworne she vttered to him all hir mind and counsell adhibiting to him the more confidence and truth that he all his life had fauoured and taken part with king Henrie the sixt and as a speciall iewell put to hir seruice by sir Lewes hir physician So the mother studious for the prosperitie of hir son appointed this Christopher Urswike to saile into Britaine to the earle of Richmond and to declare and reueale to him all pacts and agréements betwene hir the quéene agréed and concluded But suddenlie she remembring that the duke of Buckingham was one of the first inuentors and a secret founder of this enterprise
in London for merchants of that nation and had plaied bankerupt and was conueied out of the realme for debt was now in such fauour with pope Iulie that he made him his collector and proctor in England so he kept a great port and resorted to the king and his councell for the popes affaires which then was sore troubled by the French king so that he knew both the popes councell and the kings and falselie and vntrulie resorted by night to the French ambassadours lieng in London and to them discouered what the king and the pope intended which was not so closelie doone but the king knew it and so he was laid for was taken communing with one of the said ambassadours vpon London wall at midnight and brought to the Tower where he remained vntill by the sute of his freends he was deliuered and shortlie for shame voided the realme The king of Aragon also hauing at that time warre with the French king wrote to his sonne in law king Henrie that if he would send ouer an armie into Biskaie and so to inuade France on that side for the recouerie first of his duchie of Guien he would aid them with ordinance horssemen beasts and cariages with other necessaries apperteining to the fame The king and his councell putting their affiance in this promise of king Ferdinando prepared a noble armie all of footmen and small artillerie appointing the noble lord Thomas Greie marquesse Dorset to be chéefe conductor of the same The king dailie studieng to set foorth his warre which he had begun against the French king caused sir Edward Howard his admerall with diligence to make readie diuerse goodlie tall ships as the Souereigne and others to the number of eighteene beside other smaller vessels Therewith hauing in his companie sir Weston Browne Griffith Downe Edward Cobham Thomas Windham Thomas Lucie William Pirton Henrie Shirbourne Stephan Bull George Wiâ—wange Iohn Hopton William Gunston Thomas Draper Edmund Cooke Iohn Burdet and diuerse others he tooke the sea and scowring the same about the middest of Maie he came before Portesmouth About the verie selfe time the lord marquesse Dorset and other noblemen appointed for the iournie of Biskaie as the lord Howard sonne and heire to the earle of Surrie the lord Brooke the lord Willâ—ughâ—le the lord Ferrers the lord Iohn the lord Anthonie and the lord Leonard Greies all thrée brethren to the marquesse sir Griffith ap Riâ—e sir Morris Berkeleie sir William Sands the baron of Burford sir Richard Cornewall brother to the said baron William Husseie Iohn Melton William Kingston esquiers sir Henrie Willoughbie and diuerse others with souldiers to the number of ten thousand Amongst these were fiue hundred Almans clad all in white vnder the leading of one Guiot a gentleman of Flanders all which with the residue abouenamed came to Southampton and there mustered their bands which were appointed and trimmed in the line 10 best maner On the sixtéenth daie of Maie they were all bestowed aboord in Spanish ships furnished with vittels and other necessaries for that iournie The wind serued so well for their purpose that they caâ—ie all in safetie on the coast of Biskaie at the port of Passagh southwest of Fonterabie and so the third daie of Iune they landed and tooke the field imbattelling themselues for their safegard right stronglie Within thrée daies after that the armie was line 20 thus aland there came to the marquesse an earle and an other noble man to welcome him and his companie Then the lord capteine remooued his field tooke an other place néerer to Fonterabie where he laie a long time looking euerie daie to haue aid of horssemen and artillerie of the king of Aragon but none came Sir Iohn Stile caused to be bought two hundred mulets and asses of such price as the Spaniards gained greatlie and when they were put to carie and line 30 draw they would not serue the turne for they were not exercised thereto before that time and so for want of beasts to draw such ordinance as the Englishmen had there with them they lost the dooing of some great exploit against the Frenchmen on the frontiers of Gascoigne for they might haue run a great waie into that countrie being as then destitute and vnpurueied of men and munitions On a daie the Frenchmen made a skrie toward the English campe but the Englishmen perceiuing them passed the riuer that was betwixt them and line 40 with arrowes chased the Frenchmen so that for hast manie of their horsses foundered and fell yer they came to Baion if there had béene anie horssemen amongst the Englishmen they had sore indamaged their enimies The king of Nauarre doubting least the Englishmen were come into those parties for no good meaning towards him sent to the lord marquesse a bishop and diuerse other offering to minister vittels vnto the Englishmen for their monie if line 50 it should stand so with his pleasure The lord marquesse thanked him for the offer and promised that if they of Nauarre would vittell his people they should paie them well and trulie for the same He said also that he would warrant their passing and repassing in safetie and that by the Englishmen no preiudice should be doone to his realme Herevpon were the Englishmen vittelled out of Nauarre to their great comfort After that the armie had laine thirtie daies in the second campe there came from the king of Aragon a bishop and other nobles of his line 60 councell This bishop was the same that made the answer to the lord Darcie at Calis the last yeare The effect of his message was to desire the lord capteine and his people to take patience for a while and they should see that such preparation should be made for the furnishing of their enterprise as should stand with the honour of his maister and their aduancements The Englishmen sore discontented with their idle lieng still in the field misliked with his excuses supposing the same as they prooued in déed to be nothing but delaies In the meane time that the Englishmen thus lingered without attempting any exploit their vittels were much part garlike they eating thereof with all their meats and drinking hot wines féeding also on hot fruits procured their bloud to boile within their bellies that there fell sicke thrée thousand of the flix thereof died an eightéene hundred persons The lord marquesse perceiuing this mischeefe sent to the king of Spaine certeine of his capteins to know his pleasure The king told them that shortlie the duke of Alua should ioine with them bringing with him a mightie power so that they might the more assuredlie procéed in their enterprise With this answer they returned to the lord marquesse who liked it neuer a deale bicause he iudged that the king meant but to driue time with him as after it prooued In the meane time there began a mutinie in the
séene in the said citie two elephants a nature of creatures which happilie had not béene séene in Italie since the triumphs and publike plaies of the Romans Emanuell king of Portingall sent to pope Leo the tenth a verie honorable ambassage and withall presented him with these huge and statelie elephants which his ships had brought by sea from India their entring into Rome was celebrated with a verie great concourse of people some woondering at the strange forme and stature of the beasts some maruelling to what vses their nature inclined them and some coniecturing the respects and purposes of such a present their ignorance making their woonder farre greater than their reason No lesse adoo was there at the bringing of the cardinals hat who on a sundaie in S. Peters church at Westminster receiued the same with the habit the piller and other such tokens of a cardinall And now that he was thus a perfect cardinall he looked aboue all estates which purchased him great hatred and disdaine on all sides For his ambition was no lesse discernable to the eies of the people than the sunne in the firmament in a cléere and cloudlesse summer daie which procured against him the more hatred among the noble and popular sort for that his base linage was both noted and knowne in so much that his insatiable aspiring to supereminent degrees of dignitie kindled manifest contempt and detestation among such as pretended a countenance of good will and honorable dutie vnto him though in verie deed the same parties if fréelie and without checke they might haue spoken their fansie would haue intituled him a proud popeling as led with the like spirit of swelling ambition wherwith the rable of popes haue béene bladder like puffed and blowne vp a diuelish and luciferian vice in the iudgements of men abhominable and in the sight of God most damnable as the poet in this distichon trulie witnesseth Dij superi fastum fastum mortales abhorrent Hac homini leuitas displicet atque Deo After the end of the parlement sir Edward Poinings laboured to be discharged of the kéeping of Tornaie bicause he could not haue health there and so he was discharged and sir William Blunt lord Mountioy was sent thither to haue that roome and for marshall was appointed sir Sampson Norton Immediatlie vpon their comming thither chanced a great riot raised by the souldiers so that to appease them the lord Mountioy was put in ieopardie of his life In conclusion to quiet them sir Sampson Norton was banished the towne for euer but what the matter was I haue not found rehearsed by anie writer After that the citie was appeased and euerie thing thought to be forgotten diuerse of the offendors were executed and diuerse banished the towne some fled and were confined both out of England and the towne After the parlement was ended the king kept a solemne Christmasse at his manor of Eltham and on the Twelfe night in the hall was made a goodlie castell woonderouslie set out and in it certeine ladies and knights and when the king and queene were set in came other knights and assailed the castell where manie a good stripe was giuen and at the last the assailants were beaten awaie And then issued out knights and ladies out of the castell which ladies were rich and strangelie disguised for all their apparell was in braids of gold fret with moouing spangls of siluer and gilt set on crimsin sattin loose and not fastned the mens apparell of the same sute made like Iulis of Hungarie and the ladies heads and bodies were after the fashion of Amsterdam And when the dansing was doone the banket was serued in of two hundred dishes with great plentie to euerie bodie This yéere the new league accorded betwixt king Henrie the French king was openlie proclaimed through the citie of London by a trumpet Margaret quéene of Scots eldest sister to the K. came this yere into England at Harbottell castell was deliuered of a daughter begot by hir second husband the line 10 lord Archembald Dowglasse earle of Angus This daughter was called at the fontstone after hir mother Margaret The said quéene after the death of hir late husband king Iames married the said earle of Angus without consent of hir brother king Henrie or other of hir friends chéeflie as some haue thought for hir sonnes sake doubting if she should not haue taken hir choise at home she should haue maried in some other place and so haue béene sequestred from hir sonne whose bringing vp apperteined line 20 now chéeflie vnto hir But such contention rose shootlie after in Scotland amongst the lords that both she and hir husband were glad to séeke succor in England at hir brothers hand who was contented to releeue them assigning them the said castell of Harbottell to lie in with apparell and all other necessaries till his further pleasure should be knowne The eightéenth daie of Februarie this yeere year 1518 the ladie Marie daughter to king Henrie the eight was borne at Gréenewich This was she that afterwards was line 30 quéene of this realme married the king of Spaine This yéere also died the king of Aragon father to the queene for whom was kept a solemne obsequie in the cathedrall church of Paules As ye haue heard the last yéere how the quéene of Scots with hir husband was come for succor into England and laie at Harbottell in Northumberland till the kings pleasure was to send for them so now know you that he like a naturall brother sent for hir and hir husband to come to his court for their line 40 solace for the which kindnesse the earle humblie thanked the king and promised to giue his attendance on the queene his wife to the court Wherevpon the king sent William Blacknall esquier clerke of his spicerie with siluer vessell plate and other things necessarie for the conueiance of hir and sent to hir all manner of officers for hir estate conuenient Now when she was readie to depart she asked for hir husband but he was departed into Scotland and left hir alone nothing remembring his promise line 50 Which sudden departing much made hir to muse howbeit the lords of England greatlie incouraged hir to kéepe hir promise with the king hir brother Now when she was somewhat appeased she set forward and in euerie towne she was well receiued so on the third day of Maie she made hir entrie into London riding on a white palfreie which the quéene of England had sent vnto hir behind sir Thomas Parre richlie beséene and with a great companie of lords and ladies she rode through the citie to Bainards line 60 castell and from thence she was conueied to Gréenewich and there receiued ioiouslie of the king the quéene the French quéene hir sister and highlie was she feasted And when the king heard that the earle of Angus hir husband was departed he said it was
great bearer of Frenchmen in their occupiengs and trades contrarie to the lawes of the citie If the people had found him they would suerlie haue striken off his head but when they found him not the watermen and certeine yoong préests that were there fell to rifling and some ran to Blanchapelton and brake vp line 40 the strangers houses and spoileâ— them Thus from ten or eleuen of the clocke these riotous people continued in their outragious dooings till about three of the clocke at what time they began to withdraw and went to their places of resort and by the waie they were taken by the maior and the heads of the citie and sent some of them to the Tower some to Newgate and some to the Counters to the number of thrée hundred line 50 Manie fled and speciallie the watermen preests seruingmen but the prentises were caught by the backs and had to prison In the meane time whilest the hottest of this ruffling lasted the cardinall was aduertised thereof by sir Thomas Parre wherevpon the cardinall strengthened his house with men and ordinance Sir Thomas Parre rode in all â—ast to Richmond where the king laie and informed him of the matter who incontinentlie sent foorth hastilie to London to vnderstand the state of the citie and line 60 was truelie aduertised how the riot was ceassed and manie of the misdooers apprehended The lieutenant of the Tower sir Roger Cholmeleie no great fréend to the citie in a frantike furie during the time of this vprore shot off certeine péeces of ordinance against the citie And though they did no great harme yet he wan much euill will for his hastie dooing bicause men thought he did it of malice rather than of anie discretion About fiue of the clocke the earles of Shrewesburie and Surrie Thomas Dokerciâ— lord of saint Iohns George Neuill lord of Aburgauennie and others which had heard of this riot came to London with such strength as they could make vpon that sudden and so did the Innes of court But before they came whether with feare of the brute of their comming or otherwise the riotous assemblie was broken vp and manie of the misdooers taken as ye haue heard Then were the prisoners examined and the sermon of doctor Bele called to remembrance and he taken and sent to the Tower Herewith was a commission of oier and determiner directed to the duke of Norffolke and to diuerse other lords to the lord maior of London and the aldermen and to all the iustices of England for punishment of this insurrection The citie thought the duke bare them a grudge for a lewd preest of his which the yeare before was slaine in Cheape insomuch that he then in his furie said I praie God I maie once haue the citizens in my danger And likewise the duke thought that they bare him no good will wherefore he came into the citie with thirtéene hundred men in harnesse to keepe the oier and determiner Now vpon examination it could neuer be prooued of anie méeting gathering talking or conuenticle at anie daie or time before that daie but that the chance so happened without anie matter prepensed of anie creature sauing Lincolne and neuer an honest person in maner was taken but onelie he Then proclamations were made that no women should come togither to babble and talke but all men should kéepe their wiues in their houses All the stréets that were notable stood full of harnessed men which spake manie opprobriâ—us words to the citizens which gréeued them sore and if they would haue béene reuenged the other had had the woorsse for the citizens were two hundred to one but like true subiects they suffred patientlie Now for the due correction according to law of this disorder all the iustices with all the kings councell learned in the lawes assembled at the house of sir Iohn Fincur lord cheefe iustice of England néere to saint Brides by Fléetestréet to take aduise and conclude vpon the order which they should follow in this matter and first there was read the statute of the third yeare of Henrie the fift the effect whereof insueth in these words following The statute made in anno tertio of Henrie the fift BIcause that diuers nations comprised within the truces concluded as well by our souereigne lord the king that now is as by his right noble father haue beene robbed and spoiled by the kings lieges and subiects as well on the maine seas as within the ports and coasts of England Ireland Wales by reason whereof the truces and safe conducts haue broken and violated to the damage dishonour and slander of the king and against his dignitie the manslaiers spoilers robbers violaters of the same truces and safe conducts as before is declared haue beene recetted procured counselled vpholden and mainteined by diuerse of the kings liege people vpon the coasts our said souereigne lord the king by the aduise and assent abouesaid and at the praier of the said commons hath ordeined and established that all such manslaiers robbers spoilers breakers of truces and safe conducts granted by the king and the wilfull recetters abbetters procurers counsellors susteiners and mainteiners of such persons hereafter in time to come being anie of the lieges subiects of this realme of England Ireland Wales are to be adiudged and determined as giltie of high treason committed against the crowne dignitie of the king And further in euerie hauen and port of the sea there shall be from hense-foorth made and assigned by the king by his letters pattents one lawfull officer named a conseruator of truces and safe conducts granted by the king which line 10 officer shall dispend at the least ten pounds in land by yeare c as in the statute more at large is expressed The which statute being read and well considered of bicause there was diuerse leagues of truces betwixt the king and diuerse other princes as one betwixt him and the French king and another betwixt him and the archduke of Burgognie and another betwixt him the king of Spaine all the which truces line 20 were violated by the said insurrection it was determined by the whole councell there assembled that the kings sergeants and attournies should go to the lord chancellor to haue a sight of all the said leagues and charters of truces to the intent they might frame their indictments according to the matter And note that iudge Fineux said that all such as were parties to the said insurrection were guiltie of high treason as well those that did not commit anie robberie as line 30 those that were principall dooers therein themselues bicause that the insurrection in it selfe was high treason as a thing practised against the regall honour of our souereigne lord the king And the same law holdeth of an insurrection said Fineux made against the statute of laborers For so said he it came to passe that certeine persons within
guiltie to the matter the king appointed sir Thomas Wriotheslie his maiesties secretarie to go vnto him and to deliuer to him a ring with a rich diamond for a token from him to will him to be of good chéere For although in that so weightie a matter he would not haue doone lesse to him if he had béene his owne son yet now vpon through triall had sith it was manifestlie proued that he was void of all offense he was sorie that he had béene occasioned so farre to trie his truth and therefore willed him to be of good chéere and comfort for he should find that he would make accompt of him as of his most true and faithfull kinsman and not onelie restore him to his former libertie but otherwise forth he readie to pleasure him in what he could Master secretarie set foorth this message with such effectuall words as he was an eloquent and well spoken man that the lord Lisle tooke such immoderate ioy thereof that his hart being oppressed therwith he died the night following through too much reioising After his deceasse the twelfe of the same moneth of March sir Iohn Audeleie sonne and heire to the said lord Lisles wife was at Westminster created vicount Lisle ¶ The seuentéenth of March one Margaret Dauie a yoong woman being a seruant was boiled in Smithfield for poisoning of hir mistres with whome she dwelt and diuerse other persons In the Lent season whilest the parlement yet continued one George Ferrers gentleman seruant to the king being elected a burgesse for the towne of Plimmouth in the countie of Deuonshire in going to the parlement house was arrested in London by a processe out of the Kings bench at the sute of one White for the sum of two hundred markes or thereabouts wherein he was late afore condemned as a suertie for the debt of one Weldon of Salisburie which arrest being signified to sir Thomas Moile knight then speaker of the parlement and to the knights and burgesses there order was taken that the sargeant of the parlement called S. Iohn should foorthwith repaire to the counter in Bredstréet whither the said Ferrers was caried and there demand deliuerie of the prisoner The sargeant as he had in charge went to the counter and declared to the clearks there what he had in commandement But they and other officers of the citie were so farre from obeieng the said commandement as after manie stout words they forciblie resisted the said sargeant whereof insued a fraie within the counter gates betwéene the said Ferrers and the said officers not without hurt of either part so that the said sargeant was driuen to defend himselfe with his mace of armes had the crowne thereof broken by bearing off a stroke and his man striken downe During this brall the shiriffes of London called Rowland Hill and Henrie Suckliffe came thither to whome the sargeant complained of this iniurie and required of them the deliuerie of the said burgesse as afore But they bearing with their officers made little accompt either of his complaint or of his message reiecting the same contemptuouslie with much proud language so as the sargeant was forced to returne without the prisoner wheras if they had obeied authoritie and shewed the seruice necessarilie required in their office and person they might by their discretion haue appeased all the broile for wisedome assuageth the outrage vnrestreinable furiousnes of war as the poet saith Instrumenta feri vincit sapientia belli The sargeant thus hardlie intreated made returne to the parlement house and finding the speaker and all the burgesses set in their places declared vnto them the whole case as it fell who tooke the same in so ill part that they altogither of whome there were not a few as well of the kings priuie councell as also of his priuie chamber would sit no longer without their burges but rose vp wholie and repaired to the line 10 vpper house where the whole case was declared by the mouth of the speaker before sir Thomas Audleie knight then lord chancellor of England and all the lords and iudges there assembled who iudging the contempt to be verie great referred the punishment thereof to the order of the common house They returning to their places againe vpon new debate of the case tooke order that their sargeant should eftsoones repaire to the shiriffe of London and require line 20 deliuerie of the said burgesse without anie writ or warrant had for the same but onelie as afore And yet the lord chancellor offered there to grant a writ which they of the common house refused being in a cléere opinion that all commandements and other acts of procéeding from the nether house were to be doone and executed by their sargeant without writ onelie by shew of his mace which was his warrant But before the sargeants returne into London the shiriffes hauing intelligence how heinouslie line 30 the matter was taken became somwhat more mild so as vpon the said second demand they deliuered the prisoner without anie deniall But the sargeant hauing then further in commandement from those of the nether house charged the said shiriffes to appeere personallie on the morrow by eight of the clocke before the speaker in the nether house and to bring thither the clearks of the counter and such officers as were parties to the said affraie and in like manner to take into his custodie the said White line 40 which wittinglie procured the said arest in contempt of the priuilege of the parlement Which commandement being doone by the said sargeant accordinglie on the morrow the two shiriffes with one of the clearks of the counter which was the chiefe occasion of the said affraie togither with the said White appeered in the common house where the speaker charging them with their contempt and misdemeanor aforesaid they were compelled to make immediat answer without being admitted line 50 to anie counsell Albeit sir Roger Cholmelcie then recorder of London and other of the councell of the citie there present offered to speake in the cause which were all put to silence and none suffered to speake but the parties themselues wherevpon in conclusion the said shiriffes and the same White were committed to the Tower of London and the said clearke which was the occasion of the affraie to a place there called litle ease and the officer of London which did the arrest called Tailor with foure other line 60 officers to Newgate where they remained from the eight twentith vntill the thirtith of March and then they were deliuered not without humble sute made by the maior of London other their fréends And for somuch as she said Ferrers being in execution vpon a condemnation of debt and set at large by priuilege of parlement was not by law to be brought againe into execution and so the partie without remedie for his debt as well against him as his principall debter after long debate
beare sauour and loue of religion was in him from his childhood his skill and knowledge in sciences besides his other excellent vertues were such that to them he séemed rather borne than brought vp line 50 It maie séeme verie strange that in his yoong years as maister Fox reporteth of him he could tell and recite all the ports hauens and créekes not within his owne realme onelie but also in Scotland and likewise in France what comming in there was how the tide serued in euerie of them moreouer what burthen and what wind serued for the comming into each hauen also of all his iustices magistrates gentlemen that bare any authoritie within his realme he knew their names their houskeeping line 60 their religion and conuersation what it was He had a singular respect to iustice a vertue most commendable in a prince and chieflie to the dispatch of poore mens sutes Hée perfectlie vnderstood the Latine toong the French the Gréeke Italian and Spanish neither was he ignorant saith Cardanus in Logike in the principles of naturall philosophie or in musicke To conclude his towardlinesse was such in all heroicall vertues noble gifts and markable qualities conuenient for his princelie estate that so much was hoped for in his roiall person if he had liued till triall might haue béene had of the proofe as was to belooked for in anie one prince that euer had rule ouer this noble realme ¶ The eight of Iulie the lord maior of London was sent for to the court then at Gréenwich and to bring with him six aldermen as manie merchants of the Staple and as manie merchant aduenturers vnto whom by the councell was secretlie declared the death of king Edward also whom he had ordeined to the succession of the crowne by his leters patents to the which they were sworne and charged to kéepe it secret But now to procéed with the dooings that followed Immediatlie after the death of this so worthie a prince king Edward the aforesaid ladie Iane was proclamed quéene of this realme by the sound of trumpet that is to saie the ninth daie of Iulie at which proclamation were present the lords of the councell the maior of London with others ¶ The eleauenth of Iulie Gilbert Pot drawer to Ninion Sanders vintenex dwelling at S. Iohns head within Ludgate who was accused by the said Sanders his maister was set vpon the pillorie in Cheape with both his eares nailed and cleane cut off for words speaking at time of the proclamation of ladie Iane. At the which execution was a trumpet blowne and a herald read his offense in presence of one of the shiriffes c. About fiue of the clocke the same daie in the afternoone Ninion Sanders master to the said Gilbert Pot and Iohn Owen a gunner comming from the tower of London by water in a wherrie and shooting London bridge towards the blacke friers were drowned at saint Marie Locke and the whirriemen saued by their ores The ladie Marie a little before lieng at Honesdon in Hartfordshire hauing intelligence of the state of the king hir brother and of the secret practise against hir by the aduise of hir fréends with all spéed tooke hir iorneie toward hir house of Keningall in Norffolke intending there to remaine vntill she could make hir selfe more strong of hir freends and alies and withall wrote vnto the lords of the councell in forme as followeth A letter of the ladie Marie sent to the lords of the councell wherein she claimeth the crowne now after the decease of hir brother king Edward MY lords we gréet you well and haue receiued sure aduertisement that our dearest brother the king our late souereigne lord is departed to Gods mercie which newes how they be wofull to our heart he onelie knoweth to whose will and pleasure we must and doo humblie submit vs and all our wils But in this so lamentable a case that is to wit now after his maiesties departure and death concerning the crowne gouernance of this realme of England with the title of France and all things thereto belonging that hath béene prouided by act of parlement and the testament and last will of our dearest father besides other circumstances aduancing our right you know the realme and the whole world knoweth the rolles and records appeare by the authoritie of the king our said father and the king our said brother and the subiects of this relme so that we verelie trust that there is no true subiect that is can or would pretend to be ignorant thereof and of our part we haue our selues caused and as God shall aid and strength vs shall cause our right and title in this behalfe to be published and proclamed accordinglie And albeit this so weightie a matter séemeth strange that the dieng of our said brother vpon thursdaie at night last past we hitherto had no knowledge from you thereof yet we consider your wisedomes and prudence to be such that hauing eftsoones amongst you debated pondered and well weighed this present case with our estate with your owne estate the commonwealth and all our honors we shall and may conceiue great hope and trust with much assurance in your loialtie and seruice and therfore for the time interpret and take things not to the worst and that ye yet will like noblemen worke the best Neuerthelesse we are not ignorant of your consultations to vndoo the prouisions made for our preferment nor of the great bands and prouisions forcible wherevnto ye be assembled and prepared by whome and to what end God and you know and nature line 10 can feare some euill But be it that some consideration politike or whatsoeuer thing else hath mooued you thereto yet doubt you not my lords but we can take all these your dooings in gratious part being also right readie to remit and fullie pardon the same with that fréelie to eschew bloudshed vengeance against all those that can or will intend the same trusting also assuredlie you will take ani◠accept this grace and vertue in good part as apperteineth and that we shall not be inforced to vse this seruice line 20 of other our true subiects and freends which in this our iust and rightfull case God in whome our whole alliance is shall send vs. Wherefore my lords we require you and charge you and euerie of you that euerie of you of your allegiance which you owe to God and vs and to none other for our honour and the suertie of our realme onelie imploie your selues and foorthwith vpon receit hereof cause our right and title to the crowne and gouernment of this realme to be proclamed in our citie of London and such other line 30 places as to your wisedoms shall seeme good and as to this case apperteineth not failing hereof as our verie trust is in you and thus our letter signed with our owne hand shall be your sufficient warrant in this behalfe Yeuen vnder our signet
at our manor of Keningall the ninth of Iulie 1553. To this letter of the ladie Marie the lords of the councell answered againe line 40 as followeth MAdam we haue receiued your letters the ninth of this instant declaring your supposed title which you iudge your selfe to haue to the imperiall crowne of this realme and all the dominions thereto belonging For answer wherof this is to aduertise you that forsomuch as our souereigne ladie quéene Iane is after the death of our souereigne lord Edward the sixt a prince of most noble memorie inuested and possessed line 50 with the iust and right title of the imperiall crowne of this realme not onelie by good order of old ancient good lawes of this realme but also by our late souereigne lords letters patents signed with his owne hand and sealed with the great seale of England in presence of the most part of the nobles councellors iudges with diuers other graue and sage personages assenting and subscribing to the same we must therefore as of most bound dutie and allegiance line 60 assent vnto hir said grace and to none other except we should which faithfull subiects cannot fall into gréeuous and vnspeakeable enormities Wherefore we can no lesse doo but for the quiet both of the realme and you also to aduertise you that forsomuch as the diuorse made betwéene the king of famous memorie king Henrie the eight and the ladie Katharine your mother was necessarie to be had both by the euerlasting lawes of God and also by the ecclesiasticall lawes and by the most part of the noble and learned vniuersities of christendome and confirmed also by the sundrie acts of parlements remaining yet in their force and thereby you iustlie made illegitimate and vnheritable to the crowne imperiall of this realme and the rules dominions and possessions of the same you will vpon iust consideration hereof and of diuers other causes lawfull to be alledged for the same and for the iust inheritance of the right line and godlie orders taken by the late king Edward the sixt and greatest personages aforesaid surcease by anie pretense to vex and molest anie of our souereigne ladie quéene Iane hir subiects from the true faith and allegiance due vnto hir grace assuring you that if you will for respect shew your selfe quiet and obedient as you ought you shall find vs all and seuerall readie to doo you aâ—â—e seruice that we with dutie may and to be glad of your quietnesse to preserue the common state of this realme wherein you may be otherwise gréeuous vnto vs to your selfe and to them And thus we bid you most hartilie well to fare From the tower of London this ninth of Iulie Your ladiships freends shewing your selfe an obedient subiect Thomas Canturburie the marquesse of Winchester Iohn Bedford William Northampton Thomas Elie chancellor Iohn Northumberland Henrie Suffolke Henrie Arundell Francis Shrewesburie William Penbroke Cobham R. Rich Huntington Darcie Cheineie R. Cotton Iohn Gates William Peter William Cecill Iohn Chéeke Iohn Mason Edward North Robert Bowes All these aforesaid except onelie the duke of Northumberland and sir Iohn Gates were either by speciall fauour or speciall or generall pardon discharged for this offense against hir committed after hir comming to be quéene But now vpon the receit of this answer vnderstanding by hir fréends that she could not lie in suertie at Keningall being a place open easie to be approched she remooued from thence vnto hir castell of Fremingham standing in a wood countrie not so easie to be inuaded by hir enimies So soone as the councell heard of hir sudden departure and considering that all came not to passe as they supposed they caused spéedilie a power of men to be gathered togither And first they agréed that the duke of Suffolke father to the new made quéene should haue the conduct and leading of the armie ¶ But afterward it was deuised and decréed vpon further considerations and by the speciall means of the ladie Iane his daughter who taking the matter heauilie with wéeping teares made request to the whole councell that hir father might tarrie at home in hir companie Wherevpon the councell persuaded with the duke of Northumberland to take that voiage vpon him saieng that no man was so fit therefore bicause that he had atchiued the victorie in Norffolke once alreadie and was therefore so feared that none durst once lift vp their weapon against him besides that he was the best man of warre in the realme as well for the ordering of his campes and souldiers both in battell and in their tents as also by experience knowledge and wisdome he could both animate his armie with wittie persuasions and also pacifie and allaie his enimies pride with his stout courage or else to dissuade them if néed were from their enterprise Finallie said they this is the short and the long the quéene will in no wise grant that hir father shall take it vpon him wherefore quoth they we thinke it good if it may please your grace it lieth in you to remedie the matter With these the like persuasions the duke was allured to put himselfe desperatlie vpon hazzard Non morte horrenda non vllis territus armis Insomuch that he reioined vpon their talke and said Well then sith yee thinke it good I and mine will go not doubting of your fidelitie to the queenes maiestie which now I leaue in your custodie So that night he sent for both lords knights and other that should go with him and caused all things to be prepared accordinglie Then went the councell in to the ladie Iane and told hir of their conclusion who humblie thanked the duke for reseruing hir father at home and beséeched him to vse his diligence whereto he answered that he would doo what in him laie The morrow following great preparation was made the duke earlie in the morning called for his line 10 owne harnesse and saw it made readie at Durham place where he appointed all his retinue to méet The same daie carts were laden with munition and artillerie and field péeces were set forward The same forenoone the duke mooued eftsoones the councell to send their powers after him as it was before determined the same to méet with him at Newmarket and they promised they would He said further to some of them My lords I and these other noble personages with the whole armie that line 20 now go foorth as well for the behalfe of you yours as for the establishing of the quéenes highnesse shall not onelie aduenture our bodies and liues amongst the bloudie strokes and cruell assaults of our aduersaries in the open fields but also we doo leaue the conseruation of our selues children and families at home here with you as altogither committed to your truth and fidelities whome if we thought ye would through malice conspiracie or dissention leane vs your fréends in the briers and betraie vs line 30 we could
further consideration the shot was spared and the dukes grace with the capteine of the gard considering with wofull hearts their chiefe strength thus turned against them and being thus inuironed both behind and before with enimies shifted themselues awaie as did also their companie Sir Thomas Wiat accompanied with two or thrée and not manie mo came forth line 10 halfe a mile from Rochester to méet Bret and the other capteins amongst whom was sir George Harper notwithstanding his former submission to the duke Their méeting verelie séemed right ioifull both in gesture and countenance therewith hauing saluted each other they entered all togither into Rochester The lord of Aburgauennie the shiriffe were greatlie abashed when they vnderstood of this mishap for they doubted that such as were euill disposed before would not be greatlie amended thereby The line 20 shiriffe being then at Maidstone hasted to come to Malling where the lord of Aburgauennie laie and vpon his comming thither he tooke aduise to ride in post to the councell to know their minds how they would direct them Sir Thomas Wiat and his associats were greatlie recomforted with this new supplie added to their strength by the reuolting thus of the Londoners and verelie it bred no small hope in all their hearts that wished well to his enterprise line 30 that he should the better atteine vnto the hoped end of his purpose But it pleased God otherwise who neuer prospereth anie that attempt such exploits without publike and lawfull authoritie In this meane while the duke of Suffolke being persuaded to ioine with other in this quarell as he that doubted as no small number of true Englishmen then did least the pretended mariage with the Spanish king should bring the whole nobilitie and people of this realme into bondage and thraldome line 40 of strangers after he was once aduertised that sir Thomas Wiat had preuented the time of their purposed enterprise he secretlie one euening departed from Sheene and rode with all spéed into Leicestershire where in the towne of Leicester and other places hée caused proclamation to be made in semblable wise as sir Thomas Wiat had doone against the quéenes match which she meant to make with the said king of Spaine but few there were that would willinglie hearken thereto But now ye line 50 must vnderstand that before his comming downe he was persuaded that the citie of Couentrie would be opened vnto him the more part of the citizens being throughlie bent in his fauour in so necessarie a quarell for defense of the realme against strangers as they were then persuaded But howsoeuer it chanced this prooued not altogither true for whether through the misliking which the citizens had of the matter or through negligence of some that were sent to sollicit them in the cause line 60 or chieflie as should séeme to be most true for that God would haue it so when the duke came with six or seuen score horssemen well appointed for the purpose presenting himselfe before the citie in hope to bée receiued hee was kept out For the citizens through comfort of the erle of Huntington that was then come downe sent by the quéene to staie the countries from falling to the duke and to raise a power to apprehend him had put themselues in armor and made all the prouision they could to defend the citie against the said duke Wherevpon perceiuing himselfe destitute of all such aid as he looked for among his friends in the two shires of Leicester and Warwike he got him to his manour of Astleie distant from Couentrie fiue miles where appointing his companie to disperse themselues and to make the best shift each one for his owne safegard that he might and distributing to euerie of them a portion of monie according to their qualities and his store at that present he and the lord Iohn Greie his brother bestowed themselues in secret places there within Astleie parke but through the vntrustinesse of them to whose trust they did commit themselues as hath béene crediblie reported they were bewraied to the earle of Huntington that then was come to Couentrie and so apprehended they were by the said earle and afterwards brought vp to London The duke had meant at first to haue rid awaie as I haue credible heard if promise had béene kept by one of his seruants appointed to come to him to be his guide but when he either feining himselfe sicke or being sloke in déed came not the duke was constreined to remaine in the parke there at Astleie hoping yet to get awaie after that the search had béene passed ouer and the countrie once in quiet Howsoeuer it was there he was taken as is said togither with his brother the lord Iohn Greie but his brother the lord Thomas got awaie in deed at that time meaning to haue fled into Wales there to haue got to the sea side so to transport himselfe ouer into France or into some other forren part But in the borders of Wales he was likewise apprehended through his great mishap and follie of his man that had forgot his capcase with monie behind him in his chamber one morning at his inne and comming for it againe vpon examination what he should be it was mistrusted that his maister should be some such man as he was in déed and so was staied taken and brought vp to London where he suffered as after shall appeare But now to returne vnto sir Thomas Wiat. After that the Londoners were reuolted to him as before ye haue heard the next daie being tuesdaie the thirtith of Ianuarie he marched foorth with his bands and six péeces of ordinance which they had gotten of the quéenes besides their owne And first they came to Cowling castell an hold of the lord Cobhams foure miles distant from Rochester and not much out of the waie towards London whither they were now fullie determined to go in hope of friends which they trusted to find within and about the citie At their comming to Cowling knowing that the lord Cobham was within the castell they bent their ordinance against the gate breaking it with sundrie shots and burning it vp with â—â—er made a waie through it The said lord Cobham defended the place as stoutlie as he might hauing but a few against so great a number and so little store of munition for his defense he himselfe yet discharged his gun at such as approched the gate right hardilie and in that assault two of his men were slaine After this assault and talke had with the lord Cobham sir Thomas Wiat marched to Grauesend where he rested that night The next daie he came to Dartford with his bands and laie there that night whither came to him sir Edward Hastings maister of the quéenes horsse and sir Thomas Cornwallis knights both being of the quéenes priuie councell and now sent from hir vnto sir Thomas Wiat to vnderstand the cause
of his commotion When he vnderstood they were come he tooke with him certeine of his band to the west end of the towne where he had lodged his ordinance And at the lighting downe of sir Edward Hastings and his associat sir Thomas Wiat hauing a partisan in his hand aduancing himselfe somewhat afore such gentlemen as were with him traced neere them to whome the maister of the horsse spake in substance as followeth The quéenes maiestie requireth to vnderstand the verie cause wherefore you haue thus gathered togither in armes hir liege people which is the part of a traitor and yet in your proclamations and persuasions you call your selfe a true subiect which can not stand togither I am no traitor quoth Wiat and the cause wherefore I haue gathered the people is to defend the realme from danger of being ouerrun with strangers which must follow this mariage taking place line 10 Why quoth the quéenes agents there be no stransters yet come who either for power or number ye néed to suspect But if this be your onelie quarrell because ye mislike the mariage will ye come to communication touching that case and the queene of hir gratious goodnesse is content ye shall be heard I yéeld thereto quoth sir Thomas Wiat but for my suertie I will rather be trusted than trust and therefore demanded as some haue written the custodie of the tower and hir grace within it also the line 20 displacing of some councellors about hir and to haue other placed in their roomes There was long stout conference betwéene them in so much that the maister of the horsse said Wiat before thou shalt haue thy traitorous demand granted thou shalt die and twentie thousand with thée And so the said maister of the horsse and sir Thomas Cornewallis perceiuing they could not bring him to that point they wished returned to the court aduertising the quéene what they had heard of him The same daie being line 30 the first of Februarie proclamation was made in London by an herald to signifie that the duke of Suffolkes companie of horssemen were scattered and that he himselfe and his brethren were fled Also that sir Peter Carew and sir Gawen Carew knights and William Gibs esquire which being parties to the conspiracie of the said duke with sir Thomas Wiat others were likewise fled True it was that sir Peter Carew perceiuing himselfe in line 40 danger to be apprehended about the thrée and twentith of Ianuarie last past fled out of the realme and escaped into France but the other taried behind and were taken Moreouer on this first daie of Februarie being Candlemas euen the emperors ambassadors of whome ye haue heard before hearing of Wiats hastie approching thus towards London sped themselues awaie by water and that with all hast The queene then lieng at hir palace of White hall beside Westminster and hearing of hir enimies so néere line 50 was counselled for hir safegard to take the tower of London wherevnto she would by no meanes be persuaded Neuerthelesse to make hir selfe more stronger of friends in the citie so soone as the said ambassadors were departed she came to the Guild-hall in London against which time order was taken by the lord maior that the chiefe citizens in their liueries should be there present After that the queene had taken hir place in the said hall and silence made line 60 she with verie good countenance vttered in effect this oration following Queene Maries oration in Guild-hall in a solemne assemblie I Am quoth shee come vnto you in mine owne person to tell you that which alreadie you doo sée and know that is how traitorouslie seditiouslie a number of Kentish rebels haue assembled themselues togither against both vs and you Their pretense as they said at the first was onelie to resist a mariage determined betwéene vs and the prince of Spaine To the which pretended quarrell and to all the rest of their euill contriued articles ye haue béene made priuie Since which time we haue caused diuerse of our priuie councell to resort eftsoones to the said rebels and to demand of them the cause of their continuance in their seditious enterprise By whose answers made againe to our said councell it appeared that the mariage is found to be the least of their quarrell For they now swaruing from their former articles haue bewraied the inward treason of their hearts as most arrogantlie demanding the possession of our person the kéeping of our tower and not onelie the placing displacing of our councellors but also to vse them vs at their pleasures Now louing subiects what I am you right well know I am your quéene to whome at my coronation when I was wedded to the realme and to the lawes of the same the spousall ring whereof I haue on my finger which neuer hitherto was nor hereafter shall be left off ye promised your allegiance and obedience vnto me And that I am the right and true inheritor to the crowne of this realme of England I not onelie take all christendoome to witnesse but also your acts of parlement confirming the same My father as ye all know possessed the regall estate by right of inheritance which now by the same right descended vnto me And to him alwaies ye shewed your selues most faithfull and louing subiects and him obeied and serued as your liege lord king and therefore I doubt not but you will shew your selues likewise to me his daughter Which if you doo then maie you not suffer anie rebell to vsurpe the gouernance of our person or to occupie our estate especiallie being so presumptuous a traitor as this Wiat hath shewed himselfe to be who must certeinlie as he hath abused my ignorant subiects to be adherents to his traitorous quarrell so dooth he intend by colour of the same to subdue the lawes to his will and to giue scope to the rascall and forlorne persons to make generall hauocke and spoile of your goods And this further I say vnto you in the word of a prince I cannot tell how naturallie a mother loueth hir children for I was neuer the mother of anie but certeinlie a prince and gouernor may as naturallie and as earnestlie loue subiects as the mother dooth hir child Then assure your selues that I being your souereigne ladie quéene doo as earnestlie and as tenderlie loue and fauour you And I thus louing you cannot but thinke that ye as hartilie and faithfullie loue me againe and so louing togither in this knot of loue and concord I doubt not but we togither shall be able to giue these rebels a short and speedie ouerthrow And as concerning the case of my intended marriage against which they pretend their quarrell ye shall vnderstand that I entred not into the treatie thereof without aduise of all our priuie councell yea and by assent of those to whome the king my father committed his trust who so considered weighed the
seruant Marie our quéene with child conceiued and so visit hir in and with thy godlie gift of health that not onelie the child thy creature within line 50 hir conteined maie ioifullie come from hir into this world and receiue the blessed sacraments of baptisme and confirmation inioieng therewith dailie increase of all princelie and gratious gifts both of bodie and soule but that also she the mother through thy speciall grace and mercie maie in time of hir trauell auoid all excessiue dolour and paine and abide perfect and sure from all perill and danger of death with long and prosperous life thorough Christ line 60 our Lord Amen ¶ And thus much shall suffice touching this great adoo about quéene Marie and hir babe The second daie of December being sundaie cardinall Poole came to Pauls church in London with great pompe hauing before him a crosse two pillers and two pollaxes of siluer and was there solemnlie receiued by the bishop of Winchester chancellor of England who met him with procession And shortlie after king Philip came from Westminster by land being accompanied with a great number of his nobles And the same daie the bishop of Winchester preached at Pauls crosse in the which sermon he declared that the king and quéene had restored the pope to his right of primasie that the thrée estates assembled in parlement representing the whole bodie of the realme had submitted themselues to his holinesse and to his successors for euer And in the same also he greatlie praised the cardinall and set foorth the passing high authoritie that he had from the 〈◊〉 of Rome with much other glorious matter in the commendation of the church of Rome which he called the see apostolike This sermon being ended the king and the cardinall riding togither returned to White hall and the king had his sword borne before him and the cardinall had onelie his crosse and no more The seauen and twentith daie of the said moneth Emanuell Philibert earle of Sauoie and prince of Piemount came into England accompanied with diuerse other lords and gentlemen strangers who were receiued at Grauesend by the earle of Bedford lord priuie seale and conueied by water through London bridge to White hall where the king and queene then laie ¶ On the ninth of Ianuarie next following the prince of Orange was in like maner receiued at Grauesend and from thence conueied to the court being at White hall The twelfth of Ianuarie the said prince of Orange with other lords was conducted by the lord chamberlein to the tower of London where was shewed vnto him the ordinance artillerie munitions and armorie with the mint c and so was brought into the white tower from whence as he returned through the long gallerie all the prisoners saluted him vnto whome the prince said he was sorie for their captiuitie and trusted the king and quéene would be good vnto them At his departing from the tower he gaue the gunners ten péeces of Flemmish gold at fiue shillings the péece and the warders other ten péeces as a reward Upon wednesdaie the 12 of December fiue of the eight men which laie in the Fléet that had passed vpon sir Nicholas Throckmortons triall were discharged and set at libertie vpon their fines paid which was two hundred and twentie pounds a péece The other thrée put vp a supplication therein declaring their goods did not amount to the summe of that which they were appointed to paie and so vpon that declaration paieng thrée score pounds a péece they were deliuered out of prison on saint Thomas daie before Christmas being the one twentith of December The two and twentith of the same moneth the parlement which began the two and twentith of Nouember before was dissolued wherein among other acts passed there the statute Ex officio and other lawes made for punishment of heresies were reuiued But chiefelie the popes most liberall bull of dispensation of abbeie land was there confirmed much to the contentation of manie who not without cause suspected by this new vnion to lose some peece of their late purchase ¶ On new yeares daie at night was a great tumult betweene Spaniards and Englishmen at Westminster whereof was like to haue insued great mischiefe through a Spanish frier which got into the church and roong alarum The occasion was about two whores which were in the cloister of Westminster with a sort of Spaniards wherof whilest some plaied the knaues with them other some did kéepe the entrie of the cloister with dags and harnesse In the meane time certeine of the deanes men came into the cloister and the Spaniards discharged their dags at them and hurt some of them By and by the noise of this dooing came into the streets so that the whole towne was vp almost but neuer a stroke was stricken Notwithstanding the noise of this dooing with the deans men and also the ringing of the alarum made much adoo and a great number also to be sore afraid year 1555 Upon fridaie the eighteenth of Ianuarie all the councell by name the lord chancellor the bishop of Elie the lord treasuror the earle of Shrewesburie the comptrollor of the quéenes house secretarie Bourne and sir Richard Southwell master of the ordinance and armorie went to the tower and there the same daie discharged and set at libertie all the prisoners of the tower or the more part of them namelie the archbishop of Yorke the late duke of Northumberlands line 10 sonnes the lords Ambrose Robert and Henrie also sir Andrew Dudleie sir Iames Croftes sir Nicholas Throckmorton sir Iohn Rogers sir Nicholas Arnold sir George Harper sir Edward Warner sir William Sentlow sir Gawen Carew William Gibbes esquier Cutbert Uaughan and diuerse others Moreouer about this season diuerse learned men being apprehended and in prison for matters of religion were brought before the bishops of Winchester line 20 and London and other the bishops and commissioners appointed therefore who vpon the constant standing of the said learned men in their opinions which they had taken vpon them to mainteine as grounded vpon the true word of God as they protested procéeded in iudgement against them and so diuerse of them were burned at London in Smithfield and in diuerse other places Naie not onelie by fire but by other torments were the good christians persecuted whose zeale was hot in religion and defiance line 30 of the pope insomuch that then he was counted Gods enimie which tooke not the pope for the friend of Christ whome he hateth with hostilitie as C.O. noteth verie trulie in his Elisabetha saieng nam creditur hostis Esse Dei papa◠si quis pius asserit hostem Esse Dei veros Christi qui tollit honores In Februarie next following doctor Thirlebie bishop of Elie and Anthonie lord Montacute with a verie honorable traine of gentlemen and others line 40 rode foorth of the citie of
a freends house in London called William Banks and taried there one night On the morrow at night he shifted to an other fréends house and there he learned that search was made for him Doctor Watson and maister Christopherson comming to the bishop of Winchester told him that he had set at libertie the greatest heretike in England and one that had of all other most corrupted the vniuersitie of Cambridge doctor Sands Wherevpon the bishop of Winchester being chancellor of England sent for all the conestables of London commanding them to watch for doctor Sands who was then within the citie and to apprehend him and who so euer of them should take him and bring him to him he should haue fiue pounds for his labor Doctor Sands suspecting the matter conueied himselfe by night to one maister Barties house a stranger who was in the Marshalsea with him prisoner a while he was a good protestant and dwelt in Marke lane There he was six daies and had one or two of his fréends that repaired to him Then he repaired to an acquaintance of his one Hurlestone a skinner dwelling in Cornehill he caused his man Quintin to prouide two geldings for him minding on the morrow to ride into Essex to maister Sands his father in law where his wife was At his going to bed in Hurlestons house he had a paire of hose newlie made that were too long for him For while he was in the tower a tailor was admitted him to make him a paire of hose One came vnto him whose name was Beniamin a good protestant dwelling in Birchin lane he might not speake to him or come vnto him to take measure of him but onelie looke vpon his leg he made the hose and they were two inches too long These hose he praied the good wife of the house to send to some tailor to cut his hose two inches shorter The wife required the boy of the house to carie them to the next tailor to cut The boy chanced or rather God so prouided to go to the next tailor which was Beniamin that made them which also was a conestable and acquainted with the lord chancellors commandement The boy required him to cut the hose He said I am not thy maisters tailor Saith the boy Because ye are our next neighbor and my maisters tailor dwelleth far off I come to you for it is far nights and he must occupie them timelie in the morning Beniamin tooke the hose and looked vpon them he tooke his handie woorke in hand and said These are not thy maisters hose but doctor Sands them I made in the tower The boy yéelded and said it was so Saith he Go to thy mistresse praie hir to sit vp till twelue of the clocke then I will bring the hose and speake with doctor Sands to his good At midnight the goodwife of the house and Beniamin the tailor commeth into doctor Sands chamber The wife praieth him not to be afraid of their comming He answereth Nothing can be amisse what God will that shall be doone Then Beniamin telleth him that he made his hose and by what good chance they now came to his hands God vsed the meane that he might foretell him of his perill aduise him how to escape it telling him that all the constables of London whereof he was one watched for him some were so gréedilie set that they praied him if he tooke him to let them haue the carriage of him to the bishop of Winchester and he should haue the fiue pounds Saith Beniamin It is knowen that your man hath prouided two geldings and that you mind to ride out at Alogate to morrow and there then yée are sure to be taken Follow mine aduise and by Gods grace yée shall escape their hands Let your man walke all the daie to morrow in the stréet where your horsses stand booted and readie to ride The goodmans seruant of the house shall take the horsses and carrie them to Bednoll gréene The goodman shall be booted and follow after as if he would ride I will be here with you to morrow about eight of the clocke it is both terme and parlement time here we will breake our fast and when the stréet is full we will go foorth Looke wildelie and if you meet your brother in the street shun him not but outface him and know him not Accordinglie doctor Sands did clothed like a gentleman in all respects and looked wildlie as one that had beene long kept in prison out of the light Beniamin carried him through Birching lane and from one lane to another till he came at Moore gate there they went foorth vntill they came to Bednoll gréene where the horsses were readie and maister Hurleston to ride with him as his man Doctor Sands pulled on his boots and taking leaue of his friend Beniamin line 10 with teares they kissed ech other he put his hand in his purse and would haue giuen Beniamin a great part of that little he had but Beniamin would take none Yet since doctor Sands hath remembred him thankfullie He rode that night to his father in law maister Sands where his wife was he had not béen there two houres but it was told maister Sands that there was two of the gard which would that night apprehend doctor Sands and so they were appointed line 20 That night doctor Sands was guided to an honest farmer neere the sea where he taried two daies and two nights in a chamber without all companie After that he shifted to one Iames Mower a ship-master who dwelt at Milton shore where he expected wind for the English fléet readie into Flanders While he was there Iames Mower brought to him fortie or fiftie mariners to whome he gaue an exhortation they liked him so well that they promised to line 30 die for it yer that he should be apprehended The sixt of Maie being sundaie the wind serued he tooke his leaue of his host and hostesse and went towards the ship In taking leaue of his hostesse who was baren and had beene married eight yeares he gaue hir a fine handkercher and also an old roiall of gold in it thanking hir much and said Be of good comfort yer that an whole yéere be past God shall giue you a child a boie And it came to passe for that daie twelue moneths lacking one daie God gaue hir a faire sonne line 40 At the shore doctor Sands met with maister Isaac of Kent who had his eldest sonne there who vpon the liking he had to doctor Sands sent his sonne with him who afterward died in his fathers house in Frankford Doctor Sands and doctor Cox were both in one ship being one Cokrels ship They were within the kenning when two of the gard came thither to apprehend doctor Sands They arriued at Antwerpe being bid to dinner to maister Locke And at dinner time one George Gilpin being secretarie to the English house and kinsman to doctor line
to none suppressing the names of some whome here although I could recite yet I thought not to be more cruell in hurting their name than the quéene hath béene mercifull in pardoning their liues Therefore now to enter into the discourse of this tragicall matter first here is to be noted that quéene Marie when she was first queene before she was crowned would go no whither but would haue hir by the hand and send for hir to dinner and supper but after she was crowned she neuer dined nor supped line 30 with hir but kept hir aloofe from hir c. After this it happened immediatlie vpon the rising of sir Thomas Wiat as before was mentioned pag. 1418 1419 that the ladie Elizabeth and the lord Courtneie were charged with false suspicion of sir Thomas Wiats rising Wherevpon quéene Marie whether for that surmise or for what other cause I know not being offended with the said Elizabeth hir sister at that time lieng in hir house at Ashridge the next daie after the rising of Wiat sent to hir thrée of hir line 40 councellors to wit sir Richard Southwell sir Edward Hastings then master of the horsse and sir Thomas Cornwallis with their retinue and troope of horsemen to the number of two hundred fiftie Who at their sudden and vnprouided comming found hir at the same time sore sicke in hir bed and verie féeble and weake of bodie Whither when they came ascending vp to hir graces priuie chamber they willed one of hir ladies whome they met to declare vnto hir grace that there were certeine come line 50 from the court which had a message from the quéene Hir grace hauing knowledge thereof was right glad of their comming howbeit being then verie sicke and the night farre spent which was at ten of the clocke she requested them by the messenger that they would resort thither in the morning To this they answered and by the said messenger sent word againe that they must néeds sée hir and would so doo in what case soeuer she were Whereat the ladie being line 60 against went to shew hir grace their words but they hastilie following hir came rushing as soone as she into hir graces chamber vnbidden At whose so sudden comming into hir bed chamber hir grace being not a little amazed said vnto them Is the hast such that it might not haue pleased you to come tomorrow in the morning They made answer that they were right sorie to see hir in that case And I quoth she am not glad to see you here at this time of the night Wherevnto they answered that they came from the quéene to doo their message and dutie which was to this effect that the quéens pleasure was that she should be at London the seauenth daie of that present moneth Wherevnto she said Certesse no creature more glad than I to come to hir maiestie being right sorie that I am not in case at this time to wait on hir as you your selues do sée and can well testifie In deed we sée it true quoth they that you doo saie for which we are verie sorie albeit we let you to vnderstand that our commission is such and so straineth vs that we must néeds bring you with vs either quicke or dead Whereat she being amazed sorrowfullie said that their commission was verie sore but yet notwithstanding she hoped it to be otherwise and not so strict Yes verelie said they Wherevpon they called for two physicians doctor Owen and doctor Wendie demanding of them whether she might be remooued from thence with life or no. Whos 's answer and iudgement was that there was no impediment in their iudgement to the contrarie but that she might trauell without danger of life In conclusion they willed hir to prepare against the morning at nine of the clocke to go with them declaring that they had brought with them the queenes litter for hir After much talke the messengers declaring how there was no prolonging of times and daies so departed to their chamber being interteined and cheared as apperteined to their worships On the next morrow at the time prescribed they had hir foorth as she was verie faint and féeble and in such case that she was readie to sound three or foure times betwéene them What should I speake héere that cannot well be expressed what an heauie house there was to behold the vnreuerend and dolefull dealing of these men but especiallie the carefull feare and captiuitie of their innocent ladie and mistresse Now to procéed in hir iornie from Ashridge all sicke in the litter she came to Redborne where she was garded all night from thence to S. Albons to sir Rafe Rowlets house where she tarried that night doth feeble in bodie and comfortlesse in mind From that place they passed to master Dods house at Mims where also they remained that night and so from thence she came to Highgate where she being verie sicke taried that night and the next daie During which time of hir abode there came manie purseuants and messengers from the court but for what purpose I cannot tell From that place she was conueied to the court where by the waie came to méet hir manie gentlemen to accompanie hir highnesse which were verie sorie to sée hir in that case But especiallie a great multitude of people there were standing by the way who then flocking about hir litter lamented and bewailed greatlie hir estate Now when she came to the court hir grace was there straightwaies shut vp and kept as close prisoner a fortnight which was till Palmesundaie séeing neither king nor quéene nor lord nor friend all that time but onelie then the lord chamberlaine sir Iohn Gage and the vicechamberlaine which were attendant vnto the dores About which time sir William Sentlow was called before the councell vnto whose charge it was laid that he knew of Wiats rebellion Which he stoutlie denied protesting that he was a true man both to God and his prince defieng all traitors and rebels but being strictlie examined he was in conclusion committed to the tower The fridaie before Palmesundaie the bishop of Winchester with nineteene others of the councell who shall be here namelesse came vnto hir grace from the quéenes maiestie and burdened hir with Wiats conspiracie which she vtterlie denied affirming that she was altogither giltlesse therein They being not contented with this charged hir grace with businesse made by sir Peter Carew and the rest of the gentlemen of the west countrie which also she vtterlie denieng cleared hir innocencie therein In conclusion after long debating of matters they declared vnto hir that it was the quéenes will and pleasure that she should go vnto the tower while the matter were further tried and examined Whereat she being agast said that she trusted the quéenes maiestie would be more gratious ladie vnto hir and that hir highnesse would not otherwise conceiue of hir but that she was
aduentured lim and life line 10 against the enimies of the English commonwelth and therefore in respect of his excellent seruices deserued no lesse remembrance than is alreadie extant of him in print whereof this following is a parcell satrapas praeclarus fortis audax Elisabetha tui speciosi corporis acer Et fidus custos discrimen adire paratus Quodlibet inuicto Mauortis pectore campo Cui virtus persaepè herbam porrexit Hibernus Quem pugnis fulgâ—ns ornat victoria parta line 20 Sanguineis sed laus huic maxima iudicis aequi Edmund Grindall doctor of diuinitie archbishop of Canturburie deceassed at Croidon in Surrie on the sixt daie of Iulie was there buried This good man in his life time was so studious that his booke was his bride and his studie his bridechamber whervpon he spent both his eiesight his strength and his health and therefore might verie well not actiuelie but passiuelie be named as he was Grindall for he groond himselfe euen to his graue by mortification line 30 Of whome much might be spoken for others imitation siâ—h the vse of the historie is to instruct succéeding ages but this shall suffice that as his learning vertue were inseparable companions so the reward of both is the good name which he hath left behind him as a monument perpetuall bicause vertue was the founder of the same according to the true saieng of the late poet importing no lesse Virtutis merces eadem labor illa tropheum est Soláque dat nigrae vincere mortis iter line 40 Nam nisi virtutis quaeratur gloria factis Omnis in extremos est abitura rogos Barnard Randolfe esquier common sargeant to the citie of London deceassed on the seauenth of August This man in his life time somewhat before his death gaue and deliuered to the companie of the Fishmongers in London the summe of nine hundred pounds of good and lawfull monie of England to be imploied towards the conducting of Thames water cesterning the same in lead and castelling line 50 with stone in the parishes of saint Marie Magdalene and saint Nicholas cold abbeie néere vnto old Fishstréet seauen hundred pounds The other two hundred pounds to paie for euer yearelie the summe of ten pounds that is towards the maintenance of a poore scholar in the vniuersitie of Oxenford yearelie foure pounds Towards the mending of the high waies in the parish of Tisehurst in the countie of Sussex where the said Barnard was borne euerie yeare foure pounds And to the poore people of the line 60 parishes of saint Nicholas Oliue in Bredstréet and saint Marie Magdalene néere to old Fishstreet fortie shillings to wit twentie shillings to either parish for euer More he willed and bequeathed by his last will and testament to be bestowed in land or annuities to the reléefe of the poore inhabiting in the wards of Quéenehiue and castell Bainard in the citie of London and in the aforesaid parish of Tisehurst in the countie of Sussex the summe of one thousand pounds This yeare in the moneth of Iune were sent to the seas a ship called the barke Talbot and a small barke both manned with a hundred men vnder the charge of William Borough esquier clerke of hir maiesties nauie for the apprehending of certeine outragious searouers who for that they were manie in number and well appointed contemning the small strength that was set out against them so boldlie behaued themselues as that shortlie after it was confidentlie bruted that they had vanquished in fight the said ship and barke But within few daies after beyond all expectation they were by the said William Borough and his companie discomfited and taken to the number of ten saile whereof three were prises some of the chiefe pirats namelie Thomas Walton alià s Purser Clinton Atkinson William Ellis William Ualentine alià s Bagh Thomas Beuen and foure more on the thirtith of August were hanged at Wapping in the ooze besides London Walton as he went to the gallowes rent his venecian breeches of crimsin taffata and distributed the same péecemeale to such his old acquaintance as stood néere about him but Atkinson had before giuen his murrie veluet dublet with great gold buttons and the like coloured veluet venecians laid with great gold lace apparell too sumptuous for sea-rouers which he had worne at the seas wherein he was brought vp prisoner from Corse castell in the I le of Porbeke to London vnto such his fréends as pleased him before he went to Wapping ¶ This Clinton Atkinson a personable fellow tall of stature and well proportioned of acceptable behauiour when he kept shop for himselfe being a free man of London and like enough to doo well if he had taken good waies had his name of the late earle of Lincolne now deceassed who christened him being an infant by whose speciall meanes being growne a proper man he was not long before saued from the like death and yet thorough want of grace making relapse fell within danger of law He descended of honest parents his father speciallie being a man of verie honest name one that loued the truth for the testimonie wherof he forsooke his owne natiue countrie leading a hard life with his familie beyond the seas in queene Maries daies returning to England at the inthronization of our gratious queene Elisabeth in the seat roiall was made minister in which vocation he died in Gods fauour and the good opinion of his neighbors leuing behind him among other sonnes this his eldest sorted as you sée to the shame which malefactors of that qualitie and so conuinced can not auoid This auoweth he that knew the man as well as the right hand from the left Where to conclude we are to marke that it is not alwaies true that good parents haue good children for here is an example of degeneration procured not by euill education for this Clinton wanted no good bringing vp but by bad companie and libertie the verie spoile of many a one that otherwise might liue thriue Wherin by the way we are to woonder at the counsels of God who suffreth children so much to varie from their parents in qualitie as if they had not receiued their birthright but were bastards changlings but to end with the prophet Dauids saieng Intima consilij non penetranda Dei On the eighteenth daie of September Iohn Lewes who named himselfe Abdoit an obstinate heretike denieng the godhead of Christ and holding diuers other detestable heresies much like to his predecessor Matthew Hamont was burned at Norwich On the two and twentith of September Albertus de Lasco palatine of Siradia in Poland before spoken of now when he had well viewed the order of our English court and nobilitie with other places of this realme especiallie the vniuersitie of Oxenford c taking leaue of hir maiestie and of the nobilitie he departed towards Poland But before we make
church without the towne 788 a 10 30. Is loth that the French king should marrie the duchesse of Britaine 771 a 60. Sendeth the lord Daubnie and the lord Morleie against the French 770 b 10. Borroweth a great summe of moneie of the chamber of London 770 a 20. Sendeth foorth his armie against the French king 769 a 40. His returne out of the north countrie his offer to make an attonement betwixt the French king and the duke of Britaine his loue to quéene Elisabeth 768 a 10 40 60. Assembleth an armie his power soone increased his encounter with the conspirators he ouercommeth 766 b 10 20 30 60. All the capteines against him slaine he giueth thanks to God after the victorie 767 a 20 b 30. Commeth to London he is crowned king 762 a 30 b 10. He aduanceth his fréends redéemeth his hostages performeth his promise touching the mariage of Edward the fourths daughter 763 a 20 60 b 30. His decease what children he had he is described his qualities roiall his sepulture executors of his last will 797 a 20 30 c. Roiallie buried a description of the whole pompe note 800 a 30 c. Henrie the eight duke of Yorke and afterwards king his birth 775 b 60. Proclamed king his councellors and riches 799 a 20 30. His coronation with the pompe thereof 801 a 30 40 c. Good at tennise plaie 809 a 10. He and the duke of Suffolke defendors at tilt against all commers he receiueth a cap of maintenance from pope Iulie 830 a 60 b 10. A notable good horsseman 837 a 20. He rideth westward in progresse a 20. Sendeth for the quéene of Scots hir husband to his court 838 a 40 c. Buildeth a castell at Tornaie 838 b 40. Sitteth in the starchamber in iudgement 852 b 60. Intituled defendor of the faith he writeth against Luther at variance with the king of France 872 a 30 50 60 His minions remoued out of the court 852 b 10. Glad of the French kings deliuerie out of prison 889 b 60. Procurer of his libertie 890 a 60. Alledged by the French king as a president of humanitie in case of a captiuated king 890 b 40. Borroweth 20000 pounds of the citie of London 874 a 20. Receiueth a golden rose for a present from pope Clement 883 a 60. What mooâ—ed him gratiouslie to receiue the ladie regents ambassadors of France 887. Passeth ouer to Calis an interuiew betwéene him the French king 928 b 40 60. His base son made erle and duke in one daie 892 a 40 Sworne to performe the league concluded 893 a 10. His articles for the reforming of religion 940 b 60. His supremasie confirmed 938 a 10. Proclamed K. of Ireland 955 a 60. Taketh a lone of monie 957 a 10. His muniâ—icence to the earle of Angus archbishop of S. Andrews his dedlie fo 959 b 10. Sent a power ouer against French king 960 a 60 b 10. His message to the lord Greie by sir Thomas Palmer noâ—e 975 b 50. Passeth the sâ—as to Bullen 964 a 60. Entreth into the towne returneth to England 965 a 10 20. Goeth in progresse into Yorkeshire gifts giuen him 954 b 10 20. A good archer and full of aâ—tiuenesse note 806 a 40 50 60 b 10 20 c. Brake more sâ—aues at iusts than the â—est had the prise giuen him 809 a 50. Runneth at tilt diuerse pastâ—mes wherein he was a principall actor he runneth at the ring 805 a 10 c b 6â— Forced to take arms against the Scots 957 b 30. Magnificent and munificent to the French kings ambassadâ—rs c 848 a 10 20 c 849 a 10 c. Purposeth in person to passe the seas to sée the French K. his brother 835 b 60. Receiueth the order of S. Michaell 898 b 10. He commeth to westminster hall there sitteth in iudgement himself vpon the riots of ill Maie daâ—â— his graâ—ious generall pardon he and the duke of Suffolke run at iusts 844 a 20 30 50 b 30. Riding to Portesmouth appointâ—th capteins ouer his ships 815 a 40. His nauie sâ—tteth out coÌ„cluded in parlement that he should personallie inuade France â—15 a 50 b 10 50. Taketh the popes part against the French K. 611 b 10. He and French K. their interuiew in the vale of Andren they two make challenge to all commers â—t iusts his sumptuous furniture at the said iusts 858 a 30 b 30 60. He runneth against monsieur Grandeuill the parteners of his challenge 859 a 30 b 10. His band of men with their deuise on their apparell his interteinment of the French quéene 860 b 20. He departeth from Guisnâ—s to Calis and from thense to Graueling to visit the emperor his statelie maske himself a speciall actor 861 b 10 60. He returneth into England 862 a 40. In person passeth ouer to France 817 b 60. The order of his armie 817 a 10. Incampeth at Arkes commeth to the siege 819 a 20 30. His power vnited with the emperor Maximilian his soldiors against Terwine note 821 a 50. Entreth into Terwine the citizens are sworne vnto him marcheth on with his armie to Tornaie goeth to Lâ—sle to visit the yoong prince of Castâ—le 822 b 40 50 60. His pompe port 823 a 10 Maketh certeine gentlemen knights for their good militarie seruice 824 b 50. Falselie reported to be dead he his traine ignorant of the waie to his caâ—pe by means of a mist he besiegeth Tornaie 823 a 60. Returneth to England 825 a 60. Méeteth the emperor Maximilian his harnesse and furniture his spéech to a Scotish herald his answer to the Scoâ—â—sh kings letter 820 a 20 50 c. Intituâ—â—d Christianissimo by the pope 831 a 10. His gift to the citie of London note 976 b 40 50. First named supreme head 923 a 30. And what therevpon folowed his voluntarie inclination to pardon the premunâ—re of the clergie 923 b 10. His mâ—riage in question how determined by diuerse vniuersities b 30 40 c. His oration in the parlement house note 971 a 20 c. He his quéen at Hauering in the Bowre 852 b 30. Sâ—tteth forward into France he and the emperor Charles méet at Douer castell kéepe their Whitsuntide at Canturburie landeth at Calis lodgeth in his palace at Guisâ—es 856 a 20 50 60 b 30 40. His affablenes with his yoong courtiers made them too saucie bold note 851 a 60 Thankfulnes to his militarie seruitors 829 b 50. The portion intended to be giuen with his daughter Marie in mariage 850 b 10. His mariage by coÌ„sent of all vniuersities iudged vnlawfull 912 b 60 913 a 10 His mariage with his brothers wife in question 897 a 60. Is desirous to be resolued by the opinions of the lerned touching his mariage 906 b 50. Confesseth that the sting of conscience made him mislike of the mariage 907 b 60. Submitteth himselfe to the censures of the learned mistrusteth the legats of séeking delaies his affection to
Cum priuilegio Anno. 1. Sim. Dun. Edwin and Marchar Quéene Aldgitha sent to Chester Wil. Mal. Simon Dun. Wil. Malm. The bishops blamed The archbishop of Yorke other submit themselues to king William Gemeticensiâ— William Conquerour crowned 1067. according to their account which begin the yeare on the daie of Christ his natiuitie Polydor. Iohn Stow. Tho. Spoâ— Seruitude bondage of the Nobilitie and Commonaltie to the Normans The ancient liberties and lawes of England remaine in Kent onlie Wil. Thornâ— Sim. Dunel King William goeth ouer into Normandy Hen. Hunâ— Polychron Sim. Dun. Edricke Syluaticus Richard Fits Scroope The riuer of Wye King William returneth into England H. Hunâ— Matth. Paris Englishmen withdraw them to the woods as outlawes Polydor. Anno Reg. 2. Matth. Paris Matth. West Diuers of the English Nobilitie forsake their natiue countrie Polydor. Two at York wherein he left fiue hundred men in garrison Simon Dun. The Conqueror taketh froÌ„ the Englishmen their armour Couer few first instituted Matth. Weâ—â— Edmund the great Wil. Malâ— Simon Dun. This chaunced the 28. of Ianuarie on a wednesday Polydor. Polydor. Swetne and Osborne hath Matth. Paris Thrée hundred sailes saith M. W. but Sim. Dun. hath 240. Yorke burnt Normans slaine Simon Dun. A sharpe winter an enimie to warlike enterprises The Danes where they wintered Hen. Hunt Polydor. Matth. Paris Hen. Hunt Wil. Malm. Sim. Dunel Earle Edwines lands giuen vnto Alane earle of Britaine Castell of Richmont Earle of Britaine Simon Dun. Matth. Paris maketh mention but of Sweine and Osborne whom he calleth brethren Wil. Malmâ— Simon Duâ— Anno Reg. 4. 1070. Polydor. Priuileges and fréedoms reuoked Matth. Paris Stigand Alexander bishop of Lincolne Polydor. The hard deling of K. William against the Englishmen The institution of the foure Termes The Excheker The Chancerie New lawes The lawes were written in the Norman toong Matters to be tried by a iurie of 12. men Matth. Paris Matth. West Wil. Mal. Wil. Thorne Abbâ—is searched Polydor. Simon Dun. Wil. Thorne Polydor. Sim. Dunel Stigand archbishop of Canturburie depriued Agelmarus bishop of Thetford was one that was deposed Simon Dun. Matt. Paris Thomas a canon of Bayeux made archbishop of Yorke Lanfranke consecrated archbishop of Canturburie Matth. Westm. hath the eight Kal. of Maie but Wil. Mal. and Eadmerus the fourth Kal. of September 1071 Anno Reg. 5. Wil. Mal. Eadmerus Wil. Malm. Anno Reg. 6. 1072 Matth. Weâ—t The subiection of the archbishoprike of Yorke to the archbishoprike of Canturburie Polydor. The archbishop of Yorke acknowleged primate of all Scotland Ranulph Cestren lib. 1. cap. 57. lib. 7. cap. 2. Matt. Paris Ran. Higa H. Hunt Matth. Paris Polydor. Hen. Hunt Matth. Paris Simon Dun. Some write that he was so stubborne-harted that after he knew he should remaine in perpetuall prison he refused his meate and so pined him selfe to death A bloudie coÌ„mandement executed vpon the English by the Scots Polydor. Matth. Paris H. Hunt The king of Scots did homage to king William for Scotland Simon Dun. The kings iustice Mount caster now Newcastell Anno Reg. 9. 1075 Rafe Earle of Cambridge Matth. West Matth. Paris Hen. Hunt Simon Dun. A rebellion raised against K. William Iohn Pike Anno Reg. 10. 1076 H. Hunt Earle Walteof beheaded Earledome of Huntingdon Matth. Paris Polydor. Hen. Hunt Simon Dun. Matth. Paris Anno Reg. 11. 1077 Matth. Paris An earthquake a long frost a comet Married préests Anno Reg. 12. 1078 Polydor. A synod holden at London Bishops séeâ— remooued Woolstan Anno Reg. 13. 1079 Matth. Paris Matth. West The French king setteth the sonne against the father Simon Dun. Matth. Paris The sonne ouerthroweth the father Simon Dun. Matth. Paris The father and the sonne made friends Anno Reg. 14. 1080 Simon Dunel The foundation of New castell vpon Tine which before that season was called Moncaster Simon Dun. Note the sequele of the neglect of iustice in the â—ormer storie Sim. Dunel Copsi Gospatrike Robert Mulbray earle of Northumberland The foundation of vniuersitie colledge in Oxford Anno Reg. 15. 1081 Anno Reg. 16. 1082 Odo suspected and banished Anno Reg. 17. 1083 Plow land Geruasius Tilberiensis The true definition of a hide of land Anno Reg. 18. 1084 Wil. Malm. Simon Dun. Thurstan abbat of Glastenburie William of Fescampe Hen. Hunt Wil. Malm. haue two slaine xiiij hurt Matt. Westm. Sim. Dunel Hen. Marle Matth. Paris Hen. Marle Anno Reg. 19. Simon Dun. Polydor. Matth. Paris The Conquerour seeketh to kéepe the English men low Polydor. The forrests seized into the kings hands Matth. Paris New forrest Matth. Paris An earthquake Polydor. Simon Dun. A rumor spred of the coÌ„ming of the Danes Anno 20. Matth. West An oth taken to be true to the king Great sickenes reigning Murren of caâ—tell Matth. West Paules church burned Simon Dun. Ran. Higd. Simon Dun. Anno Reg. 21. Wil. Malm. Matth. Paris Wil. Mâ—lm Ran. Hâ—gd He inuadeth France Gemeticensis The citie of Maunt burnt by K. William Matth. West Matth. Paris King William departed this life Simon Dun. Matth. West The lix of his age hath Wâ—l Malm. He set all prisoners at libertie saith Wil. Malm. Polydor. He bare but two lions or rather leopards as some thinke Polydor. They gaue him an hundred pound saith Hen. Marle Hen. Marle Iohn Rouâ— Matth. Paris Hen. Hunt Iohn Rous. Hen. Marle Salisburie vse Shooting W. Patten collecteth this to be the 23. after the sun was in Virgo which is the 6 of SepteÌ„ber 1087 Anno Reg. 1. Polydor. Sim. Dunel Matth. Paris Sim. Dunel Marchar and Wilnot Lanfranke had fauoured him euen of a child Matth. Pâ—ris William Rufus is crowned the 26. of September Polydor. His bountifull 〈◊〉 Odo the bishop of Baiâ—â—x conspireth against his nâ—phue William Rufus The castell of Rochester Simon Dun. Wil. Malm. The bishop of Constance taketh the town of Bath Hugh Grandmesnill Hen. Hunt Wil. Mal. The earle of Shrewsburie Woâ—cester assalted Bishop Woolstan They slue fiue hundred and chased the residue as saith Simon Dunel The diligence of the archbishop Lanfranke The great curtesie shewed to the Englishmen by Wil. Rufus Simon Dun. Wil. Malm. H. Hunt Simon Dun. Gemeticensis Eustace earle of Bullongne Simon Dun. Rochester besieged by the king Anno Reg. 2. Polydor. The bishop of durham exiled Lanfranke archbishop of Canturburie departeth this life Matth. Westm. Paule abbat of S. Albons Eadmerus Lanfranke praised for holding with the moonks The king giuen to sensuall lust and couetousnesse Matth. Paris Wil. Malm. Matt. Paris Matt. Pariâ— Anno Reg. 3. 1090 Simon Dun. Warres betwixt the king and his brother Robert Anno Reg. 4. 1091 Gemeticensis A peace concluded Simon Dun. Mâ—tth West Matt. Paris Gemeticensis Sim. Dunel A mightie wind Anno Reg. 5. 1092 The Scots inuade England Wil. Malm. Sim. Dun. The repairing and new peopling of Carleil Matth. West Foure barons Nigell or Neal Piers Malbanke * Eustace whose surname we find not Warren Uernon The Lacies Iohn Bohun
apperance in the aire Anno. Reg. 35. 1189 A legat Matth. Paris R. Houed King Philip entereth the countrie of Maine The words of king Henrie in his displeasure towards earle Richard Mauns yéelded to the French king Wil. Paruus Polydor. The earle of Flanders séeketh to agrée the parties Matth. Paris A peace concluded Thirtie thousand to the 〈◊〉 and twentie 〈◊〉 the barons 〈◊〉 France 〈◊〉 Ger. Dor. Rog. Houed It Gisorâ— saith Ger. Dor. Strange thunder lightning King Henrie departeth this life His surname whereof it came A strange maner of fight betwixt fishes The issue of Henrie the second His sonnes His daughters His base sons The constitution of his bodie His stature His qualities and conditions of mind Radulphus de Diceto Radulphus de Diâ—eto Bishops chosen principall iustices The vices of K. Henrie His incontinencie Rosamund his concubine Ran. Higd. Hiâ— negligeÌ„ce in aâ—ding the Christians against the Saraceâ—s Bale Anno Reg. 1. Wil. Paruus Matt. Paris Stephan de Turnham committed to prison Matth. Paris Polydor. Isabell daughter to the earle of Glocester married to Iohn the kings brother She is named by diuerse authors Haâ—isia Matth. Paris R. Houed Matt. Paris The kings mother set at libertie The 2. kings of England France determine to go into the holie land At South-hampton the 21 of August saith Ger. Dor. Rog. Houed Matth. Pariâ— His fathers treasure R. Houed Gau. Vinsaf Nic. Triuet The second of September saith Ger. Dor. The order of his coronatioÌ„ Matth. Paris Rog. Houed Rog. Houed The king his oth Wil. Paruâ—s The Iewes meant to present him with a rich gift Matt. Paris A Iew striken The people fall vpon the Iewes and beat them Their houses are set on fire Iewes burnt to death Pal. in suo sag. A councell at Pipewell Wil. Paruus The bishop of Whitherne consecrated Rog. Houed Matt. Par. Wil. Paruus The bishop of Durham Sadberge The bishop of Durham made an earle The citizens of London present monie to the king Polydor. Liberties granted to London Two bailiffes Port Greues Apprentises Fréemen Wards The Maior K. Richard setteth things on sale Ran. Higd. Wil. Paruus R. Houed William king of Scots A councell câ—lled at Canturburie Polydor. An oth Matth. Paris Matth. Paris Polydor. Restitution made to the K. of Scots Wil. Paruus Rog. Houed N. Triuet Matth. Paris Hugh bishop of Durham gouerneth the north parts Matth. Paris William LoÌ„gchampe bishop of Elie. R. Houed King Richard passeth ouer in to Normandie Vadum sancti Remegij A league betwixt the kings of England and France R. Houed Contention betwixt two ambitious bishops M. Palâ—n sua vâ—â—g Earle Iohn licenced to returne into England The bishop of Elie returneth Polydor. W. Paruuâ— The hatred borne to the Iewes Iohn Textor Five hundred saith Houeden and Textor The slaughter made of the Iewes at Lin. The citizens of Yorke put to their fine for slaughter of the Iewes Matt. Wesâ— The bishop 〈◊〉 Durham restreined of libertie William de Chisi The kings nauie is set foorth Baion Sablius or Sabuille Polydor. Sleiers of men Brallers Punishment for bloud-drawers Reuilers Theft and pickerie Wil. Paruus Polydor. King Richard set forward on his iourneie Rog. Houed Anno Reg. 2. The English fléet staied by contrarie winds Twentie gallies twelue other vessels saith Houed Upon the seauenth day of August saith Houeden Rog. Houed King Richard blameth the court of Rome for couetousnesse The king of Portingale Almiramumoli king of the Saracens Robert de Sabuuille Richard de Camuille A mutinie betwixt the Englishmen and the townsmen of Lisbone Englishmen committed to prison The English ships méet togither They arriue at Messina K. Richard arriueth at Messina A chaire of gold K. Richards demands for the dowrie of his sister wife to K. William k. Richard assalteth and entreth the citie by force The two kings of England and France receiue a solemne oth Ordinances deuised Plaie forbidden Borrowing Souldiers or mariners departing from their masters Uittelers Polydor. The French king setteth foorth from Messina towards the holie land Quéene Elianor returneth by Rome Matth. Paris 150. ships and 53. galies saith Rog. Houed The Englishmen take land chase their enimies King Richard with a camisado vanquiâ—heth the Cypriots chaseth them out of their campe Iohn Textor The K. of Ierusalem and other noble men doo fealtie vnto king Richard The offers of the king of Cypres The king of Cypres submitteth himselfe Robert de Turneham The king of England marieth the ladie Berengaria She is crowned quéene Castels deliuered to the king of England The king of Cypres again submitteth himselfe to the king of England Rafe Fitz Geffrey He arriued there on the saturdaie in Whitsunwéek being the saturdaie also next before the feast of S. Barnabie Galfridus Vinsant Pisans and Geneuois Matt. Paris Nic. Triueâ— Saphaldine the brother of Saladine Matth. Paris N. Triueâ— An eclipse of the sunne The seuenth houre of the daie saith Matth. Paris Richard de Camuille deceasseth Polydor. The Lord chancellor called the popes legat in England The statelie port of the lord chancellor Ran. Higd. A conuocation Moonks of Couentrie displaced Polydor. Ran. Higd. Wil. Paruus The occasion Ran. Higd. Wil. Paruuâ— Ran. Higd. Polydor. The L. chancellors reason The bishop of Durham The bishop of Winchester The lord chancellors meaning to kéepe earle Iohn lowe Palâ—in suo cap. Walter the archbishop of Rouen sent into England He is little regarded of the lord chancellor The lord chancellor besiegeth the castell of Lincolne Earle Iohn winneth the castels of Notingham and Tickhill The chancellor raiseth his siege with dishonor The lord chancellor and earle Iohn are agréed The chancellor breaketh the agréement The lord chancellor and earle Iohn make another agréement Castels deliuered in trust to the keeping of certeine persons Anno Reg. 3. Matth. Weâ—â— Polydor. Geffrey the archbishop of Yorke Rog. Houed Matth. Pariâ— Polydor. The death of the archbiâ—hop of Canturâ—â—rie Io. Textor The arcâ—bishop arriued and is committed toward R. Houed The chancellour summoned to appeare The chancellour retireth to London A declaration made against the lord chancellour The tenor of this leter shall héereafter appeare The citizens of London The chancellour yéeldeth vp the tower The print of the legats crosse The bishop of Elie late lord chancellour disguiseth himselfe in womans apparell He is bewraied Earle Iohn not the bishops fréend Ouid. lib. â— de rem am Matth. Paris The bishop of Elie complaineth of his wrongs receiued The popes letters vnto the archbishop and bishops of England Note how the pope defendeth his chaplins The archâ—ishop of Rouen chéefe gouernour of England R. Houed Wil. Paruus Fiftene saith Functius but others agrée with Houed as Gerardus Mercator citing Albericus a moonke The citie of Acres The French K. returneth home Saladine causeth the christian prisoners to be beheaded R. Houed Ger. Dor. Strife betwixt the archbishop of York and the bishop of Durham Roger Lacie conestable of Chester The euill
Hugh 〈◊〉 esquire 〈◊〉 ouer to the 〈◊〉 of Richâ—â—â—â— to informe 〈◊〉 of his 〈◊〉 preferment Tho. Rame sent ouer for the same purpose for feare of interceptioâ— The earle of Richmond maketh the duke of Britaine priuie to the matter Hugh CoÌ„wey and Thomas Rame returnâ— into England and deliueâ— their answer Preparation to bring in receiue 〈◊〉 the earle to the kingdomâ— â— Richards â—urpose in the 〈◊〉 of coniuâ—aâ—ion against 〈◊〉 The duke of Buckingham conspireth against king Richard The duke of Buckingham â— professed enimie to king Richard K. Richards 〈◊〉 in the disposing of his armie The duke of BuckinghaÌ„s power of wild Welshmen falseharted doo â—aile him A sore floud or high water dooing much harme called the duke of BuckinghaÌ„s great water The dukes adherents their powers dispersed A proclamaâ—â—oâ— for the aâ—prehension of the duke of BuckinghaÌ„ with large rewâ—rds to the apprehendor K. Richard sendeth foorth a name to â—câ—wre the sea ouer against Britaine Humfrie Banaster seruant vnto the duke of Buckingham betraied his maister Gods secret â—â—â—gementâ— vpon Banaster and his children after thâ— duke was apprehended The duke of Buckinghâ—â— beheaded with out arreigâ—â—â—â— or iudgemeâ—â— Gu. â—la The earle oâ— Richmonds preparation of ships and souldiers to the sea His ships disparkled by tempest He séeth all the sea banâ—â— furnished 〈◊〉 souldiers 〈◊〉 sendeth to â—now wheâ—her they â—â—re with 〈◊〉 or aâ—ainst him A forged tale â—o intrap the earles messengers The earle arriueth in Normandie passeth by land into Britaine againe Charles the â— of France his beneuolence to the earle of Richmond The earle lamenteth and reioiseth The English lords giue faith and promise either to other The earle of Richmond sweareth to marrie Elizabeth daughter to Edward the fourth after possession of the crowne Diuerse of thâ— earle of Richmonds faction apprehended and executed Abr. Flem Iohn Hooker alià s Vowel K. Richard commeth to Excester and is receiued with presents A prophesie the memorie whereof did appall the kings spirits Lord Scroope by the kings commission kept a session against diuerse indicted of high treson More than fiue hundred indicted whereof some escaped and some were executed The earle of RichmoÌ„d atteinted in parlement and all other that fled ouer sea to take his part Anno Reg. 2. King Richard chargeth the lord Stanleie to kéepe his wife in some secret place from dealing against him Collingborne executed Collingborne indictment Collingboâ—â—â— a fauourer 〈◊〉 the earle of Richmond Collingborne purpose to 〈◊〉 the erle aâ— his arriuall at Pole in Dorsetshire Collingborne indicted to be a libeller against king Richard Sée Scotland pag. 284 285. A truce betwixt England Scotland with a trâ—atie of aliance Iohn earle of Lincolne proâ—â—amed heire apparant to the crowne A marriage concluded betwixt the prince of Rothsaâ—e the duke of Suffolkes daughter King Richard attempteth the duke of Bâ—â—taine to delâ—uer the earle of Richmond into his hâ—â—â—s A great temptation with large offers Peter Landoise is mooued by the ambassadors of king Richard in their sute Note what loue of lucre or gréedie gaping after rewards dooth Sée page 701. Abr. Fl. Bishop Morton preuenteth defeateth the practises of king Richard and Peter Landoise The earle of Penbroke coÌ„ductor of the earle of Richmonds companie The earles small traine for a policie The earle apparelled like a page atteÌ„deth vpoÌ„ one of his men as his maister Peâ—er Landoise his expectation disappointed by the priuie and vnknowne departing of the earle The duke of Britains 〈◊〉 to the earle of Richmond the care of 〈◊〉 safetie Edw. Wooduile Edward Poinings receiue monie 〈◊〉 the duke for the earles conduâ—â— and his coâ—panie The earle of Richmond goeth to the French king and telleth him the cause of his coÌ„ming Abr. Fl. ex Guâ—â— page 13. Sir Iohn Uere earle of Oxford getteth out of prison he with others go to the earle of Richmond Abr Fl. ex I.S. pâ—g 733. The earle of Oxford leuieth a power and commeth into England Shiriffe Bodringham besiegeth the mount that the earle had taken The name of Fortescue wherevpon it grew Deuises to withdraw the earles power from him The earle of Oxford submitteth himselfe yéeldeth the castell into the kings hands Diuers English 〈◊〉 voluntarilie submit themselues to the earle of Richmond in France K. Richards deuise to infringe and defeat the earle of RichmoÌ„ds purpose A subtill and lâ—wo practise of king Richard to beguile the earle of Richmond The inconstancie of Q. Elizabeth Quéene Elizabeth allureth hir sonne the marquesâ—e Dorset home out of France A loâ—ged coÌ„plaine of king Richard against his wiâ—â— tâ— be rid of hâ—r A rumor spred abroad oâ— the quâ—enes death aâ— the procurement of king Richard The quéene 〈◊〉 to king Richard the third suddenâ—â—â— dead K Richard caâ—â—eth his 〈◊〉 on his â—éece purposing â—o maâ—â— hir Hom. Odyss lib. 19. What noble men K. Richard most mistrusted 1485 Anno Reg. 3. The castell of Hammes deliuered vnto the earle of Richmond Thomas Brandon entereth the castell Why king Richard gaue licence to all in the castell to depart in safetie with bag and baggage K. Richard calleth home his ships of warre from the narrow seas The vse of beacons in countries néere the sea coasts Dissention among the péeres of France made the earle of Richmond renew his sute and put him to his shifts The marqueâ— Dorset forsaketh the earle The earle of Richmâ—nd hath 〈◊〉 monie of the French king for hostages The earle is greeued at 〈◊〉 newes of king Richards intended mariage with his neéce Sir Walter Herbert A mariage purposed 〈◊〉 disappointed The Welshmen offer to aid the earle oâ— Richmond The earle arriueth at Milford hauen A false rumor of ill newes The earle of Richmonds power made stronger by accesse of confederats The erle sendeth secret word to his mother and other his fréends that he meant a direct passage to London their conference Rice ap Thomas sweareth fealtie and seruice to the earle of Richmond The lord Stanleies deuise to auoid suspicion of K. Richard and to saue his sonnes life K. Richard contemneth the earle and his power Ouid. The king sendeth to his friends for a chosen power of men The earle 〈◊〉 incamped at Lichfield The ordering of king Richards armâ—â— The earle of Richmond remoueth his power to Tamworth A strange chance that happened to the earle of Richmond The earle of Richmond put to 〈◊〉 shift Tâ—e lord Stanleie the earle of Richmond others 〈◊〉 embrace and consult The principals of K. Richards power 〈◊〉 from him The â—reame 〈◊〉 king Richard the third foretelling him of his end King Richard bringeth all his men into the plaine The duke of Norffolke and the earle of Surrie on K. Richards side The lord Stanleie refuseth to set the earles men in battell raie The earle setteth his men in order and appointeth chéefteins King Richard iustifieth himselfe and his gouernement He speaketh opprobriouslie of the earle of Richmond The K. wouâ—
persuade his capteins that the earle of Richmond is no warrior Frenchmen â— Britans great 〈◊〉 small 〈◊〉 â— Richards 〈◊〉 confidence and but â—esse courage The person of the earle of Richmond described The earles cause iust and right therefore likelie of good successe A great motiue to the nobles gentles assisting the earle K. Richards offenses and ill qualities summarilie touched by the earle K. Richard a notorious tyrant Incouragements to his armie to plaie the men in a iust cause Uictorie consisteth not in multitude but in manlinesse The battell betweene king Richard and king Henrie the 〈◊〉 called Belworth 〈◊〉 The policie of the earle The eaâ—le of Oxfords 〈◊〉 to his â—â—nd of men The earle of Oxfords valiantnesse The earle of Richmond proâ—â—ereth to incounter K. Richard bodie to bodie Sir William Brandon slaine The kings â—â—mie flieth Duke of Norffolke slaine in the field * Richard Ouid. What persons of name were slaine on king Richards side Erle of Surreie coÌ„mitted to the Toweâ— notwithstanding his submission How king Richard might haue escaped The deuout behauiour of the earle of Richmond after the victorie The lord Stanleie setteth yâ— crowne on king Henries head The lord Stanlies bold answer to K. Richards purseuant Proclamaâ—â—â—â— made to 〈◊〉 in the lord Strange The shamefull cariage oâ— K. Richards bodie to Leicester K. Richards badge and cognisance euerie when defaced The description of king Richard Sée pag. 690 â—91 Sée pag. 659. Sée pag. 703. Abr. Flem. ex Guiâ— pag. 49. Lodowike Sforce duke â— Millan by vsurpation Sée page 627. Guic. pag. 12. T. Wat in Am. Quer. 7. Fr. Thin The death of of William Dudleie bishop of Durham descended of the honorable house of the Dudleies Anno Reg. 1. Edward Plantagenet earle of Warewike sonne and heire to George duke of Clarence committed to the Tower King Henrie commeth to London Henrie the sâ—â—uenth crowned king A parlement at Westminster with an atteindor and a pardon gâ—nerall The king adâ—â—nceth his fâ—eends The king redâ—meth his â—ostages Abr. Flem. ex subsequentib See the historie of EnglaÌ„d pag. 124. See also D. Powels historie of Wales pag. 2 and 376 377 c. Sée before in Edward the fourth pag. 678. Gu. Ha. in psal 103. King Henrie the seuenth taketh to wife Elizabeth eldest daughter of Edward the fourth In Hen. 7. Yeomen of the gard first brought in The sweating sickenesse A remedie for the sweating sickenesse The king requested a prest of six thousand markes A parlement summoned new lawes for the commonwealth enacted The king goeth into the North. A rebellion made by the â—â—rd Louell and others Humfrie Stafford Thomas Stafford The duke 〈◊〉 Bedford against the lord Louell in armes The lord Louell escaped Sir 〈◊〉 Stafford â—aken out of Colnham sanctuarie and executâ—â— Anno Reg. â— Abr. Fl. ex epitome Rich. Graftoâ— One of the maiors officers chosen shiriffe of LoÌ„don and lord maior Sir Richard Simond a fraudulent preest Lambert Simenell the counterfeit earle of Warwâ—ke Thomas Gerardine chancellor of Ireland interteineth the counterfeit earle 〈◊〉 honorablâ—â— Margaret duchesse of Burgognie sister to king Edward the fourth hir malicious mind to Lancaster house A generall pardon excepting no offeÌ„se Order taken that the yoong earle of Warwike should be shewed abroad Ladie Elizabeth late wife to king Edward the fourth adiudged to forfeit all hir lands for promise-breaking Quéenes colledge in Cambridge founded by the ladie Elizabeth king Edward the fourth his wife Edward the right earle of Warwike shewed openlie in procession An ill matter followed to the proofe The earle of Lincolnes flight into Flanders doubted of king Henrie The marques Dorset committed to the Tower Martin Sward a valiant capteine of the Almains assistant to the earle of Lincolne The counterfeit earle of Warwike with all his adherents landeth in England K. Henries power soone increased The earle of Lincolne entreth Yorkeshire The battell of Stoke The armies ioine Martine Sward a péerelesse warrior The kings power ouercommeth All the capteinâ— of the aduerse part against the king slaine The number of the slaine that were against the king Lambert and his maister Simond takeÌ„ Morton bishop of Elie made archbishop of Canturburie and chancellor of England Abr. Fl. ex Gâ—ic pag 4 5. Creation of pope Alexander the sixt Otherwise called Roderike Borgia borne at Uenice Corruption of Cardinals in the election of the pope Pope Alexander the sixt corrupted with manie vices Thanks giuen to God after victorie Execution vpon the offendors Gu. Ha. in eccle cap. 10. Anno. Reg. 3. Fox bishop of Excester sent ambassador into Scotland A truce with Scotland for seuen yeares King Henrie returneth out of the north countrie The French kings request for aid against FraÌ„cis duke of Britaine King Henries offâ—r to make an attonement betwixt the French king and the duke Christopher Urswike The marques Dorset deliuered out of the Tower The kings loue to his wife quéene Elizabeth The duke 〈◊〉 Orleance pâ—â—taker with the duke of Britaine Edward lord Wooduile aâ—deth the duke of Britaine without the kings coÌ„sent Lord Wooduile gathereâ— a power in the I le of Wighâ— The leagâ—e renewed betwéene England and France The king callâ—th a parlement A peremptoâ—â—â— ambassage 〈◊〉 of England into France The battell of saint Aulbin in Britaine betweene the duke of Britaine and the French king Lord Wooduâ—le slaine King Henrie sendeth foorth his armie against the French When the French be iâ—uincible Francis duke 〈◊〉 Britaine â—eth The duchie of Britaine incorporated to the realme of France Iohn Stow. The birth of prince Arthur Anno Reg. 4. The collectors of the subsidie complaine to the earle of Northumberland that they cannot get in the tax monie The earle of Northumberland murthered by the northerne rebels at the instigation and setting on of Iohn a Chamber A rebellion in the north for a tax granted by parlement Sir Iohn Egremond capteine rebell Thomas erle of Surrie sent with a power against the north rebels Iohn a ChaÌ„ber hanged like an archtraitor Sir Iohn Egremond fiâ—eth into Flanders The king boroweth a gret summe of monie of the chaÌ„ber of LondoÌ„ Gâ—â— Ha. in Eccle cap. 8. A rebellion in Flanders Maximilian king of Romans imprisoned at Bruges by the townesmen The lord Cordes maketh aduantage of occasion King 〈◊〉 sendeth the lord Dâ—uâ—eneâ—e and the lord Mâ—rlâ—a against the French Sir Humfrâ—â—â— Talbot with his six score archers The good seruice of a wretch that should haue béene hanged A policie The lord Morlie slaine The number of the slaine 〈◊〉 both parts The Engâ—â—â—â— souldiers inriched Newport beâ—â—ged by the Frenchmen English archers The malicious and foolish words of the lord Cordes Iames king of Scots slaine by his â—wne subiects Adrian an Italian made bishop of Hereford and after of Bath and Welles 1490 Anno Reg. 6. Ambassadors from the FreÌ„ch king to the king of England â— Henrie is 〈◊〉 that the French king should marrie the duchesse of Britaine Lionell bishop of
Ladie Elisabeth requested by Winchester to submit hir selfe to the quéenes mercie Ladie Elisabeth standeth to be tried by the law Talke againe betweene Winchester ladie Elisabeth Ladie Elisabeth denied to confesse anie fault doone to the quéene Ladie Elisabeth sent for to the quéene Ladie Elisabeth brought to the quéenes bedchamber Talke betwéene the quéene and ladie Elisabeth Small comfort at the quéenes hand toward hir sister King Philip thought to be a friend to ladie Elisabeth Ladie Elisabeth by Gods prouidence set at libertie Sir Henrie Benefield discharged Mistresse Ashleie sent to the Fléet Thrée gentlewomen of ladie Elisabeths sent to the tower Note the woonderfull working of the Lords prouidence in sauing of ladie Elisabeth Ladie Elisabeth deliuered by the death of Stephan Gardiner How the Lord here began to worke for ladie Elisabeth A note of a storie declaring the malignant harts of the papists towards ladie Elisabeth Rober Farrer of London a sore enimie to ladie Elisabeth Laurence Shiriffe sworne friend and seruant to ladie Elisabeth his mistresse Robert Farrer raileth against ladie Elisabeth The part of a good trustie seruant Robert Farrer complained of to the commissioners but no redresse was had * A knaue How bishop Boner and â—â—â—tor Storie bear with him that railed against ladie Elisabeth Note the vngodlie life of these cathoâ—â—kes Ladie Elisabeth proclamed quéene the same daie that quéene Marie died The Lord make England thankefull to him for his great benefits He meaneth his owne worke not this volume or anie part thereof Nouemb 17. quéene Marie endeth Quéene Elisabeth beginneth hir reigne The maner of quéene Maries death Q. Marie tooke thought for the losse of Calis * Caleto More English bloud spilled in quéene Maries time than euer was in anie kings reigne before hir The reigne of quéene Marie how vnprosperous it was both to hir hir realme in all respects Quéene Marie neuer had good successe in anie thing she went about A good king alwaies maketh a florishing realme Comparison betweene the reigne of Q. Marie and quéene Elisabeth Gamaliels reason Acts. 5. Quéene Marie prospered so long as she went not against the Lord. Q. Maries pâ—omise to the gospellers broken The ship called the great Harrie burned Q. Maries mariage with a stranger Q. Marie disappointed of hir purpose in crowning kâ—ng Philip. Q. Marie stopped of hir will in restoring abbeie lands The victorie of king Edward the sixt in Scotland The ill luckâ— of Q. Marie in losing of Calis The eleuenth king from the conquest got Calis and the eleuenth againe after him lost it The ill lucke of quéene Marie in hir childbirth Q. Marie leâ—t desolate of K. Philip hir husband The ill lucke of Q. Marie with hir husband The finall â—nd and death of Q. Marie Q. Marie â—â—â—gned fiue yeâ—res fiue â—â—neths The shortnes 〈◊〉 Maries â—â—gne noted Eâ— Simone Sâ—â—rdio de capto Calero pag. 1968. An admonition to all chriâ—â—â—an râ—iers The death of â—â—rdinall Poole The description of cardinall Poole 〈◊〉 Fl. ex I. F. â—â—rtyrologio Cardinall Poole earnest in burning the bones of the dead Articles of the cardinall to be inquired in his visitation of Kent Articles of cardinal Poole to be inquired vpon touching the laitie Bishop Boâ—ers letter to cardinall Poole concerâ—ing the two â—nd twentie prisoners aforesaid Bishop Boners crueltie somewhat 〈◊〉 by the cardinall Cardinall Poole 〈◊〉 papist but no bloudie papist Cardinall Poole halfe suspected for a Lutheran at Rome Ab. Fl. ex concione Cut. Tunstalli â—oram Hen. 8. Cardinall Poole an arrant traitor Cardinall Poole a seditious fellow and an impudent Cardinall Pooles treasons detected by his owne brother Cardinall Poole no christian but worse than a pagan Cardinall Pooles vnkindnesse to king Henrie that brought him vp Sée more thereof before pag. 1134. A traitor he liued a traitor he died The distribution of his goods Touching dilapidations He is desirous that quéene Marie should haue knowledge of this his last will * Sée pa. 865. * Sée pa. 1069. Adrian the fourth pope 〈◊〉 Rome Will. Paruus lib. 2. cap. 26. Onuphrius Matt. Parker Ranulph Higden Bosa Matt. Parker Onuphriuâ— Robert Curson Matt. Parker Matt. Paris Matt. West Holinshed Stephan Langhton Matt. Parker Matt. Paris Holinshed Onuphrius Robert Somercot 〈…〉 Anchâ—rus 〈…〉 Robert de Kilwarbie 〈◊〉 Parker 〈…〉 Barnard de Anguiscelle Matt. Parker Hugh Attrat 〈…〉 Bernard Matthew 〈◊〉 Leonard Guercine 〈…〉 Walter Winterborne 〈…〉 Thomas Iorze Walâ—ingham Nic. Triuet Matthew Parker Onuphrius Simon Langham Iohn Thorsbie Holinshed and other authors Adam Onuphrius Matthew Parker Holinshed Philip de Repindone Onuphrius Matthew Parker Thomas Onuphrius Matthew Parker Liber Dunel Robert Onuphrius Matthew Parker Henrie Beaufort Iohn Stafford Onuphrius Matthew Parker Iohn Kempe Holinshed Polydor. Onuphrius Thomas Bourcher Onuphrius Matthew Parker Holinshed Polydor. Iohn Morton Onuphrius Matthew Parker Polydor. Holinshed Christopher Bembridge Matthew Parker Onuphrius Thomas Wolseie Iohn Fisher. Reginald Poole Peter Peto Learned men in quéene Maries reigne The resolutiâ—n of the lords 〈◊〉 declare laâ—â—â— Elisabeth 〈◊〉 The words 〈◊〉 doctor death lord â—â—â—ncellor 〈◊〉 in the parlement 〈◊〉 touching the 〈◊〉 of the 〈◊〉 Elisabeth quéene The ladie Elisabeth proclamed quéen The beginning of quéene Elisabeths prosperous reigne The quéenes remouing froÌ„ Hatfield The flourishing estate of this land vnder quéene Elisabeth Hir grace remoueth to the tower Hir remouing to Summerset house Abr. Fl. ex manuscripto Hen. Tennant The death of sir Thomas Cheinie lord Warden of the cinque ports His horsse for seruice which proued him to be a louer of chiualrie The like is reported of cardinall Wolseie when he was in the floure of his prosperitie But how manie be there now that will giue away the profits of their office to their seruants His honest honorable care for his men that serued him His mindfulnes of his friends at his death Sir Thomas Cheineie an old seruitor in court See more of him before pag. 973 97â— A commendation of his courtesie bountifulnes and warlike stoutnesse Quéene Marie buried An obsequie kept for the emperour The deceasse of the queene of France The deceasse of the quéene of Hungarie 1559. The letanie The epistle and gospell in English The quéene remooueth 〈◊〉 Westminster to the tower by water The quéene passeth from the tower to â—estminster through the 〈◊〉 The quéene â—â—â—teth them 〈◊〉 salute hir The peoples â—earts wholie 〈◊〉 vpon 〈◊〉 The citie of London a stage for the time of this solemnitie A scaffold let vp at Fanchurch with melodie c. These verses were vttered by a child to the quéene who gaue good eare to them The verses in Latine which the child vttered to the quéene in English A great stage arched and verie sumptuous at Gratious stréet The vnitie of the white rose and the red Uertuous quéene Anne mother to gratious queéne Elizabeth The posie 〈◊〉 planing the shew set â—orâ—h in colorâ— Unitie the 〈◊〉 whereat the deuise of the pageant was directed The quéene is desirous
Chierburg brought not so much ioy to the English nation as the mishap that happened at the going foorth of the said earles did cause lamenâ—ation and heauinesse For vpon the first entring into the sea it fortuned that sir Philip and sir Peter Couetenie discouered a line 30 certeine number of ships that were enimies and vndiscréetlie entered amongst them there suddenlie came vpon them the Spanish fléet so that the English ships that were in companie with the said Philip and sir Peter were not able to make their partie good in somuch that finallie after that sir Philip had lost diuerse of his men that were there slaine he goâ— awaie by flight himselfe though gréeuouslie wounded but sir Peter was taken prisoner with a few other line 40 knights that were with him and the most part of all the valiant esquiers of Summer seâ—shire Deuonshire being there abroad with him were slaine and drowned which was estéemed no small losse to the whole common-wealth Thus were the Englishmen occupied in this first yeare of king Richard with troubles of warre and not onelie against the Frenchmen but also against the Scots For euen in the beginning of the same yeare the Scots burnt Rokesburgh in reuenge line 50 whereof the new earle of Northumberland entered Scotland with ten thousand men and sore spoiled the lands of the earle of March for the space of thrée daies togither bicause the said earle of March was the chéefe author and procurer of the burning of Rokesburgh so for that time th' Englishmen were well reuenged of those enimies But at an other time when the Northerne men would néeds make a road into Scotland entring by the west borders they were incountered by the Scots and put to flight so that line 60 manie of them being slaine the Scots tooke the more courage to inuade the borders till at length Edmund Mortimer earle of March came at the daie of truce and tooke an abstinence of warre betwixt both nations for the time though the same continued not long Anon after Midsummer the duke of Lancaster with a strong power tooke the sea and landing in Britaine besieged the towne of saint Mallo de Lisle a fortresse of great importance There went ouer with him the earles of Buckingham Warwike Stafford and diuerse other of the English nobilitie the which made their approches and fiercelie assailed the towne but it was so valiantlie defended that in the end the duke with his armie raised from thence and returned without atchiuing his purpose ¶ About the same time there was a notable and hainous murther committed within saint Peters church at Westminster by occasion of variance betwéene the lord Latimer and sir Rafe Ferters on the one partie and two esquiers the one called Robert Hall and the other Iohn Shakell on the other partie about a prisoner which was taken at the battell of Nazers in Spaine called the earle of Deane who as some write was taken by one sir Franke de Hall at the said battell and bicause he remained in his hands at the death of the said sir Franke he bequeathed him vnto his sonne the said Robert Hall esquier But as other write the said earle was taken by the said Robert Hall himselfe Iohn Shakell iointlie and iudged to be their lawfull prisoner by the sentence of the prince of Wales and sir Iohn Chandois that was master to the said esquiers Wherevpon afterwards the said earle obteined so much fauor that by leauing his sonne and heire in gage for his ransome he returned into Spaine to prouide monie to discharge it but he was so slow in that matter after he was at libertie that he departed this life before he made any paiment and so his lands fell to his sonne that remained in gage for the monie with the two esquiers Wherevpon it happened afterwards that the duke of Lancaster desirous to haue the yoong earle in his hands in hope through his meanes the better to accomplish his enterprise which he meant to take in hand against the king of Castile for the right of that kingdome procured his nephue king Richard to require the said earle of Deane at the hands of the said esquiers But they refused to deliuer him keeping their prisoner foorth of the waie so that none wist were he was become the esquiers therefore were committed to the tower out of the which they escaped vnto Westminster and there registred themselues for sanctuarie men The duke of Lancaster was herewith sore offended and their enimies the said lord Latimer and sir Rafe Ferrers tooke counsell togither with sir Alane Boxhull and others how they might be reuenged of this despite This sir Alane Boxhull was constable of the tower and therefore it greeued him not a little that the esquiers had broken from him and kept themselues thus at Westminster vnder protection of that priuileged place Herevpon it was concluded that sir Rafe Ferrers and the said Alane Boxhull taking with them certeine men in armour to the number of fiftie persons should go and fetch them by force from Westminster vnto the tower againe The morrow therefore after saint Laurence daie being the eleuenth of August these two knights accompanied with certeine of the kings seruants and other to the number afore mentioned came into the church at Westminster whilest the said esquiers were there hearing of high masse which was then in celebrating and first laieng hands vpon Iohn Shakell vsed the matter so with him that they drew him foorth of the church and led him streight to the tower But when they came to Robert Hall and fell in reasoning with him he would not suffer them to come within his reach and perceiuing they meant to take him by force he drew out a falcheon or short sword which he had girt to him and therewith laid so fréelie about him trauersing twise round about the moonks quier that till they had beset him on ech side they could doo him no hurt Howbeit at length when they had got him at that aduantage one of them cloue his head to the verie braines and an other thrust him through the bodie behind with a sword and so they murthered him among them They slue also one of the moonkes that would haue had them to haue saued the esquiers life Much adoo was about this matter for the breaking thus of the sanctuarie in somuch that the archbishop of Canturburie and fiue other bishops his suffâ—agans openlie pronounced all them that were present at this murder accurssed and likewise all such as aided or counselled them to it cheeflie and namelie sir Alane Boxhull and sir Rafe Ferrers capteins and leaders of them The king the queene and the duke of Lancaster line 10 were yet excepted by speciall names The bishop of London a long time after euerie sundaie Wednesdaie and fridaie pronounced this excommunication in the church of S. Paule at London The duke of Lancaster though excepted in the same yet
in behalfe of his fréends was not a little offended with the bishops dooings in so much that in a councell holden at Windsore to the which the bishop of London was called but would not come nor yet ceasse the pronouncing of the cursse albeit the line 20 king had requested him by his letters the duke said openlie that the bishops froward dealings were not to be borne with but saith he if the king would command me I would gladlie go to London and fetch that disobedient prelat in despite of those ribaulds for so he termed them the Londoners These words procured the duke much euill will as well of the Londoners as of other for it was commonlie said that whatsoeuer had béene doone at Westminster concerning the murther there committed in the line 30 church was doone by his commandement About the feast of S. Luke a parlement was holden at Glocester for the displeasure as was thought which some of the councell had conceiued against the Londoners or rather as some tooke it for feare of them least if any thing were doone contrarie to their minds they should be about to hinder it if the parlement had beene kept neere them for manie things as some iudged were meant to haue beene put foorth and concluded in this parlement albeit few in effect line 40 came to passe of those matters that were surmised sauing that it was inacted that the king should haue a marke of the merchants for euerie sacke of their woolles for this present yeare and for euerie pounds worth of wares that was brought in from beyond the seas and here sold six pence of the buiers ¶ Also certeine priuileges were granted in this parlement to merchant-strangers that they might buie and sell in grosse or by retaile within this realme as in the printed booke of statutes it appeareth This yeare came messengers from the new elected line 50 pope Urbane with letters to require the kings assistance and aid against such cardinals as he named schismatikes that had elected an other pope whome they named Clement which cardinals sent likewise their messengers with letters to beséech the king to aid them with his fauourable assistance but through persuasion of the archbishop of Canturburie Urbans request was granted and Clements reiected About the same time to wit on thursdaie before the line 60 feast of S. Andrew th'apostle the Scots by stelth entred by night into the castell of Berwike and slue sir Robert Bointon a right valiant knight that was constable thereof permitting his wife children and seruants to depart with condition that within three weekes next insuing they should either paie them thrée thousand marks or else yeeld their bodies againe to prison The morrow after the same Scots fetched a great bootie of cattell out of the countries next adioining but immediatlie after the earle of Northumberland being aduertised hereof hasted thither with foure hundred armed men and assaulting the castell on ech side after two houres defense wan it slaieng of the defendants about eight and fortie reseruing onelie one of the whole number aliue that he might informe the Englishmen thoroughlie of the Scotishmens purposes At this enterprise was the earle of Northumberlands eldest sonne spreading there first his banner and dooing so valiantlie that he deserued singular commendation as likewise did sir Alane de Heton and sir Thomas de Ilderton with those of the surname of the Herons euerie of these hauing their quarters assigned to assault Thus was the castell recouered the ninth daie after the Scots had entered the same so that they enioied not long that victorious exploit And bicause this enterprise was taken in hand against the couenant of the truce the earle of Northumberland before he attempted to recouer the castell sent to the earle of March in Scotland to vnderstand if he would anow that which his countrimen had doone touching the winning of that castell who sent him knowledge againe that he neither vnderstood of their enterprise nor would be partaker with them therein but if it so pleased the earle of Northumberland he would come himselfe and helpe to recouer it to the K. of Englands vse out of those Scotishmens hands which without publike authoritie had made that exploit This yeare sir Robert Rous capteine of Chierburg was called home after he had taken sir Oliuer de Clisson and atchiued manie other worthie aduentures against the kings enimies In his place was sent sir Iohn Herleston to remaine vpon the gard of that castell Also sir Hugh Caluerlie deputie of Calis that had so valiantlie borne himselfe against the Frenchmen was likewise discharged and comming home was made admerall being ioined in commission in that office with sir Thomas Percie Sir William Montacute earle of Salisburie was sent ouer to Calis to be the kings lieutenant there who shortlie after his comming thither fetcht a great bootie of cattell out of the enimies countrie adioining so that Calis was furnished with no small number of the same ¶ Sir Hugh Caluerlie and sir Thomas Percie going to sea tooke seauen ships laden with merchandize and one ship of warre ¶ The archbishop of Cassils in Ireland returning from Rome brought with him large authoritie of binding and loosing granted to him by pope Urbane in fauour of whome at his comming to London in a sermon which he preached he declared to the people how the French king holding with the antipape Clement was denounced accurssed and therefore now was the time for Englishmen to make warre in France hauing such occasion as greater could not be offered speciallie sith it was like that the excommunicated king should haue no courage to make resistance This is I will not saie the diuinitie for what heauenlinesse can there be in such damnable doctrine to set people together by the eares of the Romanists so farre off are they from the studie of peace and concord betwixt man and man that they set whole monarchies and empires vp to the mid leg in streams of bloud imitating their great grandfather sashan who hath béene a makebate and a murtherer from the beginning renouncing the footsteps of Christ with open mouth and forswering to follow him either in demeanour or doctrine and therefore Quis nisimentis inops vt sanctum tale probabit Haeccine mens Christi Talia nulla docet In a parlement holden at Westminster this yeare after Easter it was ordeined that the priuileges and immunities of the abbeie of Westminster should remaine whole and inuiolate but yet there was a prouiso against those that tooke sanctuarie with purpose to defraud their creditors that their lands goods shuld be answerable to the discharging of their debts In the same parlement was granted to the king a subsidie to be leuied of the great men of the land To the end the commons might be spared the dukes of Lancaster and Britaine paid twentie markes euerie earle six marks bishops and abbats with miters as much and euerie
land in Yorkeshire at Flamborrow that after by wisedome and good consideration of the king and his councell was thought verie necessarie here to be reteined But by the sudden newes of this staie the father at supper as he sat so stroken at hart that well nie streight had he fallen downe dead yet borne into his chamber where for greefe and pine within thrée daies next he deceassed The yoong king Iames his sonne after an eightéene yeares staie in which time line 40 he had béene well trained in princehood at last with right honorable marriage at saint Marie Oueries vnto Iâ—ne daughter to the earle of Summerset coosine vnto Henrie the sixt then king and with manie other high gratuities here beside was sent and set in his rule and kingdome at home Such great hope and good expectation was had of this mans fortunate successe to follow that within thrée daies after his fathers deceasse diuerse noble men and honorable personages did to him homage line 50 and sware to him due obedience which had not béene seene doone to any of his predecessors kings of this realme till they had beene possessed of the crowne He was crowned the ninth of Aprill being Passion sundaie which was a sore ruggie and tempestuous day with wind snow and sléet that men greatlie maruelled thereat making diuerse interpretations what the same might signifie But this king euen at first appointing with himselfe to shew that in his person princelie honors should change publike manners he determined to put on him the shape of a new man For whereas aforetime he had made himselfe a companion vnto misrulie mates of dissolute order and life he now banished them all from his presence but not vnrewarded or else vnpreferred inhibiting them vpon a great paine not once to approch lodge or soiourne within ten miles of his court or presence and in their places he chose men of grauitie wit and high policie by whose wise counsell he might at all times rule to his honour and dignitie calling to mind how once to hie offense of the king his father he had with his fist striken the chéefe iustice for sending one of his minions vpon desert to prison when the iustice stoutlie commanded himselfe also streict to ward he then prince obeied The king after expelled him out of his priuie councell banisht him the court and made the duke of Clarence his yoonger brother president of councell in his steed This reformation in the new king Christ. Okl. hath reported fullie consenting with this For saith he Ille inter iuuenes paulo lasciuior antè Defuncto genitore grauis constánsque repentè Moribus ablegat corruptis regis ab aula Assuetos socâ—os nugatoribus acrem Poenam si quisquam sua tecta reuiserit addit Atque ita mutatus facit omnia principe digna Ingenio magno post consultoribus vsus c. But now that the king was once placed in the roiall seat of the realme he vertuouslie considering in his mind that all goodnesse commeth of God determined to begin with some thing acceptable to his diuine maiestie and therefore commanded the cleargie sincerelie and trulie to preach the word of God and to liue accordinglie that they might be the lanternes of light to the temporaltie as their profession required The laie men he willed to serue God and obeie their prince prohibiting them aboue all things breach of matrimonie custome in swearing and namelie wilfull periurie Beside this he elected the best learned men in the lawes of the realme to the offices of iustice and men of good liuing he preferred to high degrées and authoritie Immediatlie after Easter he called a parlement in which diuerse good statutes and wholesome ordinances for the preseruation and aduancement of the common-wealth were deuised and established On Trinitie sundaie were the solemne exequies doone at Canturburie for his father the king himselfe being present thereat About the same time at the speciall instance of the king in a conuocation of the cleargie holden at Paules in London it was ordeined that saint George his daie should be celebrate and kept as a double feast The archbishop of Canturburie meant to haue honored saint Dunstanes daie with like reuerence but it tooke not effect When the king had setled things much to his purpose he caused the bodie of king Richard to be remooued with all funerall dignitie conuenient for his estate from Langlie to Westminster where he was honorablie interred with quéene Anne his first wife in a solemne toome erected and set vp at the charges of this king ¶ Polychronicon saith that after the bodie of the dead king was taken vp out of the earth this new king happilie tendering the magnificence of a prince and abhorring obscure buriall caused the same to be conueied to Westminster in a roiall seat or chaire of estate line 10 couered all ouer with blacke veluet adorned with banners of diuers armes round about All the horsses likewise saith this author were apparelled with blacke and bare sundrie sutes of armes Manie other solemnities were had at his interrement according to the qualitie of the age wherein he liued and died Also in this first yéere of this kings reigne sir Iohn Oldcastell which by his wife was called lord Cobham a valiant capteine and a hardie gentleman was accused to the archbishop of Canturburie of line 20 certeine points of heresie who knowing him to be highlie in the kings fauour declared to his highnesse the whole accusation The king first hauing compassion of the noble man required the prelats that if he were a straied shéepe rather by gentlenes than by rigor to reduce him to the fold And after this he himselfe sent for him and right earnestlie exhorted him and louinglie admonished him to reconcile himselfe to God and to his lawes The lord Cobham not onelie thanked him for his most fauourable clemencie line 30 but also declared first to him by mouth and afterwards by writing the foundation of his faith and the ground of his beliefe affirming his grace to be his supreme head and competent iudge and none other person offering an hundred knights and esquiers to come to his purgation or else to fight in open lists in defense of his iust cause The king vnderstanding and persuaded by his councell that by order of the lawes of his realme such accusations touching matters of faith ought line 40 to be tried by his spirituall prelats sent him to the Tower of London there to abide the determination of the clergie according to the statutes in that case prouided after which time a solemne session was appointed in the cathedrall church of saint Paule vpon the thrée and twentith day of September and an other the fiue and twentith daie of the same moneth in the hall of the Blacke friers at London in which places the said lord was examined apposed and fullie heard and in conclusion by the archbishop of